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Journal articles on the topic 'Rock slope failure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hussin, Hamzah, Tajul Anuar Jamaluddin, and Muhammad Fadzli Deraman. "Mode of Slope Failure of Moderately to Completely Weathered Metasedimentary Rock at Bukit Panji, Chendering, Kuala Terengganu." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 3, no. 2 (2015): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v3i2.522.

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Geology of Bukit Panji, Chendering, Kuala Teregganu consists of interbededmetasedimentary rocks (slate, phyllite and schists with minor quartzite) which haveexperience regional metamorphism. The age of this rock is Carboniferous. A development project which under construction in Bukit Panji, Kuala Terengganu hasenabled a landslide assessment to observe the modes of failure in moderately tocompletely weathered metasedimentary rock. Development on hillsides caused manyslope had to be cut to provide space for the infrastructure construction. From assessment analysis, a total of 21 cases of landsl

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2

Zarraq, Ghazi. "Slope Stability Analysis of the Southwestern Limb of Kosret Anticline in Dokan, Northeastern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 2A (2021): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.2a.3ms-2021-07-24.

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The stability of the rock slopes was studied on the southwestern limb of the Kosret Anticline in the Dokan Area in northeastern Iraq to analyze and indicate the danger of rock mass failures along the public street linking Dokan and Quesangaq, Erbil and the road which link between the city and the residential neighborhood of Dokan Lake, as well as the revealing and the analysis of the risk of landslides in the slopes and rocks detectors of exposed rocks of the formations in the study area. The stereographic projection was used in the analysis and classification of the rock slopes. This study ha

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3

Xian-Wen, Huang, Zhi-Shu Yao, Wang Bing-Hui, Zhou Ai-Zhao, and Peng-Ming Jiang. "Soil-Rock Slope Stability Analysis under Top Loading considering the Nonuniformity of Rocks." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (December 16, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9575307.

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Soil-rock slopes are widely distributed in central or western China. With the development of transportation, many subgrades are being built on mountainsides and therefore, slope stability has to be estimated under high loadings. To obtain better estimation results, a new rock contour establishing algorithm was developed, capable of considering interlock effect between rocks. Then, computed tomography (CT) and unconfined triaxial tests with ring top loadings were conducted. Based on rock distribution characteristics (obtained by CT photos) and the appearance of shear failure surfaces in slopes

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4

Al-E’Bayat, Mariam, Dogukan Guner, Taghi Sherizadeh, and Mostafa Asadizadeh. "Numerical Investigation for the Effect of Joint Persistence on Rock Slope Stability Using a Lattice Spring-Based Synthetic Rock Mass Model." Sustainability 16, no. 2 (2024): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020894.

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This study underscores the profound influence of rock joints, both persistent and non-persistent with rock bridges, on the stability and behavior of rock masses—a critical consideration for sustainable engineering and natural structures, especially in rock slope stability. Leveraging the lattice spring-based synthetic rock mass (LS-SRM) modeling approach, this research aims to understand the impact of persistent and non-persistent joint parameters on rock slope stability. The Slope Model, a Synthetic Rock Mass (SRM) approach-based code, is used to investigate the joint parameters such as dip a

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5

Tamrakar, Naresh Kazi, and Jaya Laxmi Singh. "Slope mass rating of rock slopes of the Malekhu River, central Nepal Lesser Himalaya." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 47, no. 1 (2014): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v47i1.23102.

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The Malekhu River is one of the major tributaries of the Trishuli Ganga River fl owing from the south in Malekhu region, central Nepal. Riverbank slope stability is a topic of concern as rock mass condition and slope stability of riverbank slopes are important parameters for riverbank erodibility. Fourteen sites in the Malekhu River were selected for rock mass rating (RMR) and then slope mass rating (SMR) by using a graphic method. The potentially vulnerable sites were identifi ed after conducting field study in different slopes. The results indicate that there occur modes of failures ranging

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6

Lemaire, Emilie, Anne-Sophie Mreyen, Anja Dufresne, and Hans-Balder Havenith. "Analysis of the Influence of Structural Geology on the Massive Seismic Slope Failure Potential Supported by Numerical Modelling." Geosciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10080323.

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The stability of rock slopes is often guided significantly by the structural geology of the rocks composing the slope. In this work, we analysed the influences of structural characteristics, and of their seismic responses, on large and deep-seated rock slope failure development. The study was focused on the Tamins and Fernpass rockslides in the European Alps and on the Balta and Eagle’s Lake rockslides in the southeastern Carpathians. These case studies were compared with catastrophic rock slope failures with ascertained or very likely seismic origin in the Tien Shan Mountains. The main goals

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7

Zhang, Fei, Jing Cao, and Hai Ming Liu. "Research on the Failure Mechanism of Bedding High Rock Slope at an Open-Pit Mine." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.266.

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The bedding high rock slope is most likely to failure in the rock slopes. It is the sliding and bending deformation model (buckling failure) according to deformation characteristic of the north wing slope at the open-pit mine. Considering the influence of rocky self-weight, seismic force and groundwater, the failure mechanism of bedding high rock slope by energy method is researched on the basis of stability theory for elastic plane. And the critical length is obtained. Finally, the influences of model geometry on the critical length, such as the rock stratum dip angle, thickness and width len

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8

Mohammad. R. Abood, Amera. I. Hussein, and Marwan. A. Marhon. "Study of rock slope stability for formation outcrops in limb north eastern poor anticline North Iraq." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 22, no. 3 (2023): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i3.721.

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This Study aims at rock Slopes Stability for formation in limb northـeastern poor anticline (Fatha, Injana and Mukdadyah). In (5) Stations, representing all types of failures (taken place and possible). General Survey for rock Slopes included Classification and engineering description according to [1][2]. The slopes in the area are Classified based on the direction of the Strike Slopes and Strike of beds into Parallel and Oblique Lateral Slopes according to [3] Classification and the Slope Types are Concordant Slope and discordant Slope. The main modes of Failures involved rock Fall and

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9

Guo, Qifeng, Jiliang Pan, Meifeng Cai, and Ying Zhang. "Analysis of Progressive Failure Mechanism of Rock Slope with Locked Section Based on Energy Theory." Energies 13, no. 5 (2020): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051128.

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Progressive failure in rock bridges along pre-existing discontinuities is one of the predominant destruction modes of rock slopes. The monitoring and prediction of the impending progressive failure is of great significance to ensure the stability of the rock structures and the safety of the workers. The deformation and fracture of rocks are complex processes with energy evolution between rocks and the external environment. Regarding the whole slope as a system, an energy evolution equation of rock slope systems during progressive failure was established by an energy method of systemic stabilit

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10

Whittall, John, Erik Eberhardt, and Scott McDougall. "Runout analysis and mobility observations for large open pit slope failures." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 3 (2017): 373–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0255.

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Objectively forecasting the runout of a potential open pit slope failure, in addition to identifying the failure itself, is a critical component of a mine’s risk management plan. Recent losses arising from large open pit slope failures demonstrate shortcomings in current practice. A dataset of 105 pit slope failures was compiled to compare open pit runout trends against established empirical runout relationships for natural landslides. Fahrböschung angle versus volume and Fahrböschung angle versus slope angle relationships provide reasonable runout estimates. Open pit slopes have the advantage

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11

Fattah, Mustafa, Jaffar Al-Zubaydi, and Maher Zainy. "Structural Analysis for Slope Stability Assessment of Selected Sites at ShurShirin Valley, Zurbatiyah Region, Eastern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 56, no. 2F (2023): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.56.2f.19ms-2023-12-25.

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Shurshirin Valley and surrounding areas are the most wonderful places as tourist areas in the east of Iraq. Many rock slopes appear as dangerous geological locations along this valley. One of the most effective geological structures on the rock slope stability is the orientation of the joints concerning the attitude of the bedding plane and the slope (inclination angle and direction), thus a geometrical analysis for joints has been performed for rock slopes along Shurshirin Valley to assess their instability; Five stations have been studied for both Tertiary rocks and Alluvial fan sediments wh

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12

Sasangka, D. J. "Rock Slope Stability Evaluation on The Construction of New Road Shortcut 4 Border City of Singaraja – Mangwitani, Bali." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 940, no. 1 (2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/940/1/012006.

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Abstract Shortcut 4 new national road development project on Singaraja - Mangwitani section Bali found a potential rock slide slope problem. An outcrop of igneous rock with an intensive joint was not expected to be encountered previously. The excavation work in road construction had to pay attention to the stability of the resulting rock slope considering that apart from the potential for slope failure, rock slope could also threaten the bridge abutment building in front of it. The location of the rock slope was on the edge of Lake Bratan which is geologically part of the early Holocene volcan

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13

Wang, Luqi, Yibing Zhang, Jian Guo, Qiang Ou, Songlin Liu, and Lin Wang. "Study on the Catastrophic Evolution of Tianshan Road Slope under the Freeze-Thaw Cycles." Geofluids 2021 (October 4, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6128843.

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The maximum temperature difference of Tianshan Road can reach 77.4°C in a year. Under such complex mechanical environment, the mechanical properties of rock mass and structural planes will change significantly as the increase of freeze-thaw cycles (FTC). Consequently, the FTC has become a key factor in the instability and failure of rocky slopes along the Tianshan Road. In this paper, the progressive deformation of rocky slopes and sudden failure process after critical instability were studied through the FTC tests of rock mass and structural planes, discrete element method, and theoretical an

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14

ZHANG, GUOXIN, YAN ZHAO, and XIAOCHU PENG. "SIMULATION OF TOPPLING FAILURE OF ROCK SLOPE BY NUMERICAL MANIFOLD METHOD." International Journal of Computational Methods 07, no. 01 (2010): 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876210002118.

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As one type of rock slope failures, topping failure can be accurately simulated only when several aspects are correctly calculated such as deformation and stress, contacts between blocks, contact stress, movement of blocks, open/close of contacts between blocks, development of failure plane, and crack generation and propagation. Current numerical methods encounter many difficulties in simulating toppling failure, especially for rock slope with lots of rock-bridges. Numerical manifold method (NMM) can deal with these highly discontinuous problems and be used to model the toppling failure of roc

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15

Yang, Hongwei, Cheng Zhao, Jinquan Xing, et al. "Numerical research method of rock slope with intermittent fractures based on parallel bond contact model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1331, no. 1 (2024): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1331/1/012016.

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Abstract Within the domain of rock slopes characterized by intermittent fracturing, the fracture distribution and the mechanical properties of the interstitial rock bridges significantly influence the stability of the slope. The parallel bond contact model is advantageous in replicating the mechanical behavior of rock particles. This research introduces a numerical methodology for analyzing rock slopes with intermittent fractures using the parallel bond contact model. Initially, the model’s microscale parameters are refined through calibration with empirical data derived from macroscopic mecha

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16

Li, Ming, Zhufeng Yue, Hongguang Ji, Zhanguo Xiu, Jianhua Han, and Fanzhen Meng. "Numerical Analysis of Interbedded Anti-Dip Rock Slopes Based on Discrete Element Modeling: A Case Study." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (2023): 12583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312583.

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Varying geological conditions and different rock types lead to complex failure modes and instability of interbedded anti-dip rock slopes. To study the characteristics of failure evolution of interbedded anti-dip slopes, a two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC2D) based on the discrete element method (DEM) was utilized to establish an interbedded anti-dip rock slope numerical model for the Fushun West Open-pit Mine based on the true geological conditions and field investigations. The slope model with an irregular surface consists of interbedded mudstone and brown shale as two different rock la

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17

Feng, Wen Kai, Run Qiu Huang, and Qiang Xu. "Seismic Response Analysis of Horizontal Layer Slope with Soft and Hard Rock Combination." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 1326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.1326.

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Slope of subhorizontal layer structure is among typical natural structures and the different soft and hard rock combinations in upper and lower slope parts differ in seismic response. Taking into consideration some slope failure phenomena of two-sided slopes with banded structure ridges in “5.12” Wenchuan Earthquake, simulation experiment are made to research two types of horizontal structure slopes with hard-upper and soft-lower and soft-upper and hard-lower parts, by means of numerical simulation analysis and simulating experiment on vibration table. Research results show that for slope with

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18

Zhou, Fanyi, Hengbin Wu, Yue Qiang, et al. "Investigating the coupling effects of rainfall intensity and slope inclination on soil-rock mixture slope stability and failure modes." PLOS ONE 20, no. 2 (2025): e0314752. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314752.

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The primary factor influencing slope stability is the variation of internal mechanics within the soil-rock mixture caused by rainfall infiltration. Most existing research has focused on how rock content affects the failure of soil-rock mixture slopes. However, there has been insufficient investigation into the coupling effects of rainfall intensity and slope inclination on the stability of soil-rock mixture slopes. Therefore, the model test of soil-rock mixture slope was carried out. The coupling effects of rainfall intensity and slope inclination on water content, earth pressure, pore water p

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19

Jia, Jun, Xiangjun Pei, Gang Liu, Guojun Cai, Xiaopeng Guo, and Bo Hong. "Failure Mechanism of Anti-Dip Layered Soft Rock Slope under Rainfall and Excavation Conditions." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (2023): 9398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129398.

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The phenomenon of toppling deformation and failure is common in slopes with anti-dip structures, especially in soft metamorphic rock slopes. This paper aims to explore the instability mechanism of anti-dip layered soft metamorphic rock landslides. Taking the slope of a mining area in the southern Qinling Mountains of China as a geological prototype, a large-scale centrifuge model test and a numerical simulation based on the combined finite and discrete element method (FDEM) were performed. The deformation and failure process, failure mode, and failure path of the slope under rainfall and excav

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20

Li, Lian Chong, and Shao Hua Li. "Numerical Investigation on Factors Influencing the Time-Dependent Stability of the Rock Slopes with Weak Structure Planes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.177.

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Under the combined effects of various external factors, such as temperature, seepage, alternate wetting and drying and so on, the mechanical properties of rock mass are susceptible to be deteriorated, and its strength characteristics are significantly degraded with time. The mesoscopic damage accumulated inside the rock, contributing the rock slope instability with weak structure planes, generate the time-dependent deformation, and eventually lead to the slope failure. Given the time-dependent deformation of the rock, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the key factors influenci

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21

Hostani, Burhan, and Ghafor Hamasur. "Kinematic and Slope Mass Rating Application for Rock Slope Stability Evaluation Along Shanadar-Goratu Road in the Gali-Ashkafte Valley, Erbil, NE-Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 2E (2022): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.2e.4ms-2022-11-18.

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A Study of rock slope stability along the Shanadar-Goratu main road, which is located near Mergasur town, northeast of Erbil city, is very necessary because many many slope failures take place every year, especially in the wet season. It is the main road between Erbil city and many towns and villages in the Mergasur district. For the current research, eight (8) rock-cut slope stations have been selected for 4.5 kms along the road from Shanadar to Goratu, based on differences in discontinuity pattern, slope geometry, and failure types. Field data has been assessed by the kinematic method, throu

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22

Azzuhry, Yahdi. "STABILITY ANALYSIS AND FAILURE MECHANISMS OF OPEN PIT ROCK SLOPE." Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 2, no. 3 (2017): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.26589.

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Rock mass in nature tend to be unideal, for it is heterogeneous, anisotropic and has discontinuity. The discontinuity makes anisotropic strength and stress in the rock mass, and also controls the changing of the elastic properties of rock mass. This condition results to disruptions in the rock mass strength balance, and finally drives the slopes to collapse. This study aims to determine the slope failure mechanisms in the area of case study, as well as its variations based on the Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Geological Strength Index (GSI), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), kinematic analysis, numerical ana

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23

Rahman, Aftab Ur, Zhang Guangcheng, Asghar Khan, Mohit Kumar Puniya, Sami Ur Rahman, and Zeng Xin. "ROCK MASS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS AND KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SLATES FROM DIR GROUP, NW, HIMALAYA, PAKISTAN; IMPLICATION FOR SLOPE STABILITY." Geological Behavior 6, no. 2 (2022): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2022.61.67.

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Slope stability is an important issue for the construction of roads on hill slopes. 24 slopes cuts have been investigated to determine the slope instability issues and mode of failure along the newly constructed road of Dir-Sheringal Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The major rocks are slates and tuffaceous siltstone which are weak to moderately strong in strength. The main objective of this study is to assess the application of rock mass classification systems and kinematic analysis which affects the slopes. The investigation shows that rock mass rating (RMR-basic), and slope mass rating (SMR) v

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Al Mandalawi, Maged. "The Influence of Rock Slope Scales of Joint Network and Slope Height on the Stability and Failure Mechanisms." IRAQI BULLETIN OF GEOLOGY AND MINING 20, no. 1 (2024): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.59150/ibgm2001a09.

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This paper demonstrates the influence of slope geometry and scale of the joint networks on the stability and failure mechanisms in discontinued rock masses. These analyses are based on the finite element method (FEM) to calculate the factor of safety (FOS) and to simulate the explicit discontinuity deformations for different scales of rock masses. The study was carried out through examples of regular jointed models having different slope heights and irregular jointed dry rock slopes. Joints usually decrease the strength of the slopes and suggestively increase slope stability problems. The resu

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25

An, Huaming, Yuqing Fan, Hongyuan Liu, Yinyao Cheng, and Yushan Song. "The State of the Art and New Insight into Combined Finite–Discrete Element Modelling of the Entire Rock Slope Failure Process." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (2022): 4896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14094896.

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The stability of rock slopes is of significance, as even the slightest slope failure can result in damage to infrastructure and catastrophes for human beings. Thus, this article focuses on the review of the current techniques available for rock slope stability analysis. The rock slope stability techniques can be classified as conventional methods and numerical methods. The advantages and limitations of the conventional method are briefly reviewed. The numerical methods mainly included three types, i.e., continuum methods, discontinuum methods, and the combined/hybrid continuum–discontinuum met

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26

Kolapo, Peter, Gafar Omotayo Oniyide, Khadija Omar Said, Abiodun Ismail Lawal, Moshood Onifade, and Prosper Munemo. "An Overview of Slope Failure in Mining Operations." Mining 2, no. 2 (2022): 350–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining2020019.

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The primary aim of every twenty-first century mining operation is to extract as much ore as possible in a safe and economical manner. Failure in mine excavation occurs when the shear stress acting on the rock is greater than the shear strength of the rock mass. The stability of rock slopes in open-pit mine and quarry operations is extremely important from both economic and safety points of view because unstable slopes can result in the loss of human life and damage to properties. This paper presents an overview of several case studies of slope failure in mining operations and explains various

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Wang, Wencai, Yongfu Yan, Yue Qu, and Pengfei Wang. "Shallow Failure of Weak Slopes in Bayan Obo West Mine." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (2022): 9755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159755.

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The slope stability of large open-pit mines has always been a concern and the analysis of large-scale slope landslides is a focus. However, shallow failure in soft rock slopes also has a serious impact on safe production. The northern slope of Baiyunebo West Mine has many shallow landslides in the final slope, resulting in damage of the maintenance channel of the belt transportation system, which has a serious impact on the safety of production. In order to reduce the shallow failure in weak rock slope, it is necessary to analyze the behavior and characteristics of shallow failure in weak rock

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Xiong, Shaozhen, Wenbing Shi, Yong Wang, Chun Zhu, and Xiaoxiao Yu. "Deformation and Failure Process of Slope Caused by Underground Mining: A Case Study of Pusa Collapse in Nayong County, Guizhou Province, China." Geofluids 2022 (August 10, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1592703.

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Pusa village is located in the karst mountain area of Nayong County, Guizhou Province, China. Laoyingyan mountain rock is gently dipping, the upper part consists of hard rock formations, and the lower part is made up of soft rock composed of 3 coal seams. On August 28, 2017, a massive landslide occurred in this area, resulting in 82,3000 m3 of debris, which resulted in significant casualties and brought up the malaise in society. In this paper, the geological conditions and long-term mining activities in the study area are analyzed by field investigation. The base friction tests and numerical

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Mohammed, Marwa, and Amera Hussain. "Assessment of Rock Slope Stability Along Degala-Koya Road, Erbil, NE Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 56, no. 2F (2023): 314–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.56.2f.21ms-2023-12-27.

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This article addresses the issue of instability in rock slopes along the main Degala-Koya road in Erbil northeastern Iraq, which poses a significant threat to human safety and property. the use of Slope Mass Rating Tool software and various techniques such as kinematic analysis and geomechanical classification to investigate cut slopes and assess slope stability. Geotechnical tests, including a point load test, were performed at eight stations in the study area to determine the unconfined compressive strength. comparison between discrete and continuous Slope Mass Rating values for rock slopes

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Li, Hai Feng, Guo Xing Zhang, Tao Huang, and Qiu Jing Zhou. "Stability Analysis of Dangerous Rocks on the Slope of a Hydropower Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.621.

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Dangerous rocks are among the most significant factors in analyzing the stability of high slopes, and are the main geological hazards on such slopes. These rocks are typical spatial blocks. The unstable failure of dangerous rocks poses evident spatial features. Consequently, their stability should be calculated by considering it as a three-dimensional (3-D) problem. In this research, the general block method of fractured rock mass and 3-D discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) are used to study the stability of dangerous rocks on the slope of a hydropower station. The general block method of

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31

Ning, Yibing, Yanjun Shen, Tao Ding, et al. "Evolution Process of Toppling Deformations in Interbedded Anti-Inclined Rock Slopes." Applied Sciences 15, no. 14 (2025): 7727. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147727.

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Rock slopes exhibiting anti-inclined interbedded strata have widespread distribution and complex deformation mechanisms. In this study, we used a physical model test with basal friction to replicate the evolution process of the slope deformation. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) methods were used to capture the variation in slope velocity and displacement fields. The results show that the slope deformation is conducted by bending of soft rock layers and accumulated overturning of hard blocks along numerous cross joints. As the faces of the rock columns come

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32

Qader, Rebaz. "Rock Slope Stability Assessment Along Rawanduz Main Road, Kurdistan Region." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 1B (2021): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.1b.7ms-2021-02-25.

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The rock slope instability along the Khalifan-Bekhal-Rawanduz main road has been studied in the southwestern limb of the Bradost anticline (Mountain) and both northeastern and southwestern limb of the Korek anticline (Mountain) in the northeast of the Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The major factors of the instability of the rock slopes in the study area are types of discontinuous and the degree of erosion. Ten stations have been chosen for fieldwork. The expected failure types that may occur along the road are plane sliding and wedge sliding. This research is mainly focused on the type o

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33

Zhou, Jia-wen, Chong Shi, and Fu-gang Xu. "Geotechnical Characteristics and Stability Analysis of Rock-Soil Aggregate Slope at the Gushui Hydropower Station, Southwest China." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/540636.

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Two important features of the high slopes at Gushui Hydropower Station are layered accumulations (rock-soil aggregate) and multilevel toppling failures of plate rock masses; the Gendakan slope is selected for case study in this paper. Geological processes of the layered accumulation of rock and soil particles are carried out by the movement of water flow; the main reasons for the toppling failure of plate rock masses are the increasing weight of the upper rock-soil aggregate and mountain erosion by river water. Indoor triaxial compression test results show that, the cohesion and friction angle

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Martireni, A. P., K. Sugianti, K. Hermawan, A. Tohari, S. Wibawa, and E. Soebeowo. "Rock slope stability assessment using kinematic analysis at Gunung Batu, Lembang, West Java, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1173, no. 1 (2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1173/1/012026.

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Abstract Discontinuity plane in the Gunung Batu area associated with the geological structure of the activity of the Lembang fault has the potential to induce rock slope failure hazard to the surrounding residential areas. A series of slope stability analyses of the Gunung Batu was carried out using rock mass rating and kinematics analysis to assess the rock slope stability in the Gunung Batu and determine the rock failure type. According to the results of the rock mass rating, the outcrop of Gunung Batu is classified as a good rock. Meanwhile, kinematic analysis from three joint sets shows th

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Iswandaru, Iswandaru, Rully Nurhasan R., Made Astawa Rai, and Ridho K. Wattimena. "Probabilistic Of Slope Failure Grasberg Open Pit Mining PT Freeport Indonesia." PROMINE 7, no. 1 (2019): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/promine.v7i1.1064.

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The stability of a slope in mining activities is highly influenced by geology, especially thenature of rocks and geological structures. Slope stability analysis will be faced with severalproblems in the uncertainty of rock properties and rock mass. Slope stability analysis usingprobabilistic methods offers a more systematic way of treating conditions of uncertainty andprovides other alternatives to the value factor approach to security regarding information onthe probability of a slope failure.Grasberg Open Mine rock type classification based ongeotechnical parameters or Geotechnical Rock Code

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Abdul Rahim, Afiq Farhan, Abdul Ghani Rafek, Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, et al. "Application of a Comprehensive Rock Slope Stability Assessment Approach for Selected Malaysian Granitic Rock Slopes." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 2 (2022): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5102-08.

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In Malaysia, rock slope stability analysis has been largely confined to kinematic analysis with rock mass rating systems as assessment tools for stability analysis. While this method addresses the fundamental issues of rock slope stability including identifying potential failure modes, an information gap still exists between geologists and engineers in designing proper mitigation measures for rock slopes. This paper aims to address this issue by incorporating several methodologies, including kinematic analysis, slope mass rating and the Barton-Bandis criterion for the limit equilibrium method.

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Liu, Cai Hua, Z. H. Ye, Cong Xin Chen, Xia Ting Feng, Q. Shen, and G. F. Xiao. "Mechanical Analysis of Buckling Failure of Bedding Rock Slopes." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1125.

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As a typical model of steep-tilt or moderate-tilt bedding rock slopes, buckling failure differs greatly from tensile or shear failure. The mechanical characteristic of buckling failure is analyzed, and the geo-mechanics model of buckling failure is put forward. The process of buckling failure includes three phases: slope terrane creep deformation, the lower of slope terrane bend deformation, and terrane structure collapse. Using pressure bar failure theory, a formulation for calculating critical load of buckling failure is developed, which shows that critical load decreases with bend length in

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Virat Singh Chauhan, Md. Rehan Sadique, and Mohd. Masroor Alam. "Analysis of Road-Cut Slope in Calcareous Rocks and Stabilisation by Shotcreting and Rock Bolting, Dehradun-Mussoorie Road, Uttarakhand." International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering Management & Applied Science 14, no. 3 (2025): 304–8. https://doi.org/10.51583/ijltemas.2025.140300033.

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In this study, analysis and stabilisation of four road-cut slopes in the lesser Himalayan region near Mussoorie, along Dehradun- Mussoorie Road, are investigated using the shotcreting and rock bolting technique. The rocks studied are calcareous in nature with varying rock mass properties. The exposure is along the road cuts with slope varying from 700 to 900, showing toppling to wedge failure. The stability analysis is performed through the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Factor of Safety (FOS) is evaluated using the Shear Strength Reduction Technique. The evaluation considers various condit

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Janardhana, M.R., and Ahmed A.D. Al-Qadhi Abdul-Aleam. "Slope Stability Assessment in and around Taiz City, Yemen, Using Landslide Possibility Index (LPI)." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 5, no. 1 (2018): 8–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10701795.

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<strong>ABSTRACT </strong> Every nation strives hard to achieve economic development for which adequate infrastructure is required to accomplish the desired goals. In mountainous terrain, road and highway networks play an important role for transportation, public conveyance and other socio-economic activities. Infrastructure development in hilly areas warrants excavations for the construction or road widening purpose undermining the stability of the slopes. The unplanned excavations of Tertiary rock slopes for construction and/or widening purposes before the political unrest in and around Taiz

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Akande, J. M., and M. A. Idris. "Mechanism of Rock Slope Failure in Selected Quarries in Oyo State, Nigeria." Advanced Materials Research 18-19 (June 2007): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.18-19.13.

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Rock slope failure mechanisms were assessed in this study using KOPEC and RCC quarries as case studies in Oyo state. Discontinuities such as joints and bedding planes were obtained through face mapping and scanline survey of the excavated slopes of the quarries. Stereographic projections of the discontinuities were generated using ROCKPACK III and the stereonets analyzed in accordance with Markland’s plane failure analysis. The results of the analyses show that there are possibilities of plane failures in the south- east region of KOPEC quarry slope face and south –west region of RCC quarry sl

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Chen, Guoqing, Yan Zhang, Runqiu Huang, Fan Guo, and Guofeng Zhang. "Failure Mechanism of Rock Bridge Based on Acoustic Emission Technique." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/964730.

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Acoustic emission (AE) technique is widely used in various fields as a reliable nondestructive examination technology. Two experimental tests were carried out in a rock mechanics laboratory, which include (1) small scale direct shear tests of rock bridge with different lengths and (2) large scale landslide model with locked section. The relationship of AE event count and record time was analyzed during the tests. The AE source location technology and comparative analysis with its actual failure model were done. It can be found that whether it is small scale test or large scale landslide model

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Fu, Bin, Yingchun Li, Chun’an Tang, and Zhibin Lin. "Failure of Rock Slope with Heterogeneous Locked Patches: Insights from Numerical Modelling." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188585.

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Rock slope stability is commonly dominated by locked patches along a potential slip surface. How naturally heterogeneous locked patches of different properties affect the rock slope stability remains enigmatic. Here, we simulate a rock slope with two locked patches subjected to shear loading through a self-developed software, rock failure process analysis (RFPA). In the finite element method (FEM)-based code, the inherent heterogeneity of rock is quantified by the classic Weibull distribution, and the constitutive relationship of the meso-scale element is formulated by the statistical damage t

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Zheng, Guang, Mingyu Zhang, Minghao Chen, et al. "Relationship between the surface and internal deformation features of toppling in anti-dip rock slopes." PLOS ONE 19, no. 11 (2024): e0312687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312687.

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Multiple researchers have effectively utilized InSAR for early identification research in southwest China. However, the intricate geological structure in this region includes deeply buried and unpredictable anti-dip stratiform rock slopes, posing an additional challenge for InSAR remote sensing. This study establishes a coupling relationship between slope topple deformation patterns and surface macro-deformation characteristics through a centrifuge model test, analyzing slope bending and topple deformation stages. The InSAR interpretation of prototype slopes is employed to retrospectively infe

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Song, Yafen, Li Chen, Xiaotao Zhang, Qian Zhao, Linlin Yu, and Jinhua Xu. "Experimental investigation on the deformation and failure mechanism of slope with interbedding soft and hard rocks under rainfall infiltration." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 04056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019404056.

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Taking Peng Jiawan slope in Yiba expressway as the project background, the deformation and failure mechanism of slope with interbedding of soft and hard rocks was studied on the basis of geological analysis and similarity theory. In geomechanical model test, the water infiltration softening process is used to simulate the rainfall infiltration. The result indications showed as follows: under the condition, the deformation mode of the slope is the previous sliding-tension and upper overall creep-slip, and the failure mode is overall slip failure in the sliding zone of deep soft rock. Strictly s

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Ghafor A. Hamasur and Nzho M. Qadir. "Slope Stability Assessment along Qalachwalan-Suraqalat Main Road, Sulaimani, NE-Iraq." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 25, no. 3 (2020): 26–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v25i3.248.

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Rock failures are extremely frequent along the cut slopes of the road in the mountainous terrains of the Iraqi Kurdistan region. Qalachwalan – Suraqalat road which is to the north of Sulaimani city is one of the major transportation ways between Sulaimani city and many towns and villages of Sharbazher district. Sometimes, this road (especially in winter and spring seasons) shows many rock failures that causing hazards for locals and traffics. Therefore, the stability assessment of road-cut slopes along such road is very necessary. For the present study ten (10) slope stations have been c

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Rohmah, Miftahul Avidatur, Arief Rachmansyah, and Harimurti Harimurti. "Landslides Mechanism Analysis at Km 258 Ponorogo – Pacitan Road." Rekayasa Sipil 16, no. 1 (2022): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2022.016.01.9.

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One of the locations where landslides occurred on the Pacitan - Ponorogo route was at KM 258 in December 2017. At that location there are 3 adjacent slope segments, the first segment and the second segment had landslides, to prevent landslide at the third segment investigation was carried out on Â the slope. Kinematics analysis method was used using the DIPS program to determine the slope failure type and to obtain the circular failure type. The weighting of RMR rock mass on the slopes studied obtained value of 52 (class III) where the rock type is moderate, and the correlation with the SMR on

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Erfen, H. F. W. S., and B. Musta. "Rock Endpoints and Barriers Estimation of Slope Failure in Pinousuk Gravel Slopes using Rocfall Simulation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1103, no. 1 (2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1103/1/012033.

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The research is conducted to simulate the possibility of rock fall occurrences in the study area. The study area is located at highland area in Mesilou, Kundasang, Sabah which consists of Late Pleistocene age of tilloid deposits namely Pinousuk Gravel. Four slopes of Pinousuk Gravel were selected to estimate the distance of rock endpoints and the locations of barriers to minimize the damage when slope failure occurs by using ‘Rocfall’ simulation software. The software is commonly used for risk assessment of potential rock slope failure. The result of analysis shows the rock endpoints distance

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Jasim, Anwar Dh, Amera I. Hussain, and Ali Kh Al-Shwaily. "Assessment of rock slopes stability using stereographic projection along Wadi Shorshirin in Zurbatiya region/ east of Iraq." IRAQI BULLETIN OF GEOLOGY AND MINING 20, no. 2 (2024): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.59150/ibgm2002a05.

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Wadi Shorsirin is located in the Wasit governorate east of Iraq, it is considered a promising tourist site for the people who live close to this area. The research aims to study the rocky slopes and assess their stability, along the two banks of Wadi Shorhirine, by choosing five stations distributed where the failure occurs and to determine the expected rock failure along this valley. In addition, determine the factors that affect stability, such as discontinuities, rock resistance, and weathering to take them into account when establishing engineering projects such as roads, and tourist compl

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Zhi, Song, and Liu Yang. "Dynamic Response Differences Between Bedding and Counter-Tilt Rock Slopes with Intercalated Weak Layers." Journal of Disaster Research 11, no. 4 (2016): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2016.p0681.

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Bedding and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalated weak layers are common geological bodies in west China, the dynamic response research will guide the anti-seismic reinforcement of bedding and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalated weak layer effectively. Two test models of bedding rock slope with intercalated weak layer and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalated weak layer, which are in the same size, have been designed and developed. A large scale shaking table test has been performed to analyze the dynamic response difference of bedding and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalate

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50

Pudasaini, Kusum, Krishna Kanta Panthi, and Abhay Kumar Mandal. "Evaluation and stability assessment of road cut slope at Bhalupahad of Syangja District along Siddhartha Highway; Western Nepal." Journal of Engineering and Sciences 2, no. 1 (2023): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jes2.v2i1.60390.

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A road section at Bhalupahad, Syangja of Siddhartha highway was investigated to characterize the rock mass, identify the potential slope failure modes, and determine the stability condition and the major governing factors. The site comprises steep slopes, faces intense rainfall during monsoon periods and falls in a highly active seismic zone. The attitudes of the hill slope and the major discontinuities were measured at 16 different locations and analyzed using stereographic projection. The data was plotted by using Dips 6.0 software. Plane, wedge, and toppling failure modes are possible in th

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