Journal articles on the topic 'Roger Rabbit'

Who Framed Roger Rabbit? (Zemeckis, 1988) beats the traces of postmodernity. Behind this simple animation film and its spectacular technology, behind these drawings of a cute little alcoholic rabbit anxious about the intentions of his voluptuous wife, lurks an "epistemological rupture." The author demonstrates how the film is caught up in a game of boundaries, conventions and genres transgressed, in multiple folds of codes looping back on themselves, in reiterations of ironic quotes. He shows how Roger Rabbit might be considered an obsolete figure transformed into a postmodern hero.

Roger Miller, perhaps the most outstanding experimental physical chemist of his generation, was sadly taken from us at the age of53 years, at the peak of his career. Roger Ervin Miller was born in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, on 23 July 1952, the son of Ruth and Donald R. Miller. Roger had one older brother, Gerry, and one younger sister, Patricia. Roger's father worked in a tyre factory and was very innovative and creative in mending items around the house, a trait that he passed on to his children. From a very early age Roger was curious about the world around him. He was also a hard worker, raising rabbits or picking dew worms to earn money so that he could purchase model rockets, the bigger the better. This was the time of Sputnik and the US space programme, Roger being just 5 years old when the first Sputnik satellite was launched in 1957. As Roger explained in a memoir that he began to write in 2000 (but never finished; extracts are reproduced by courtesy of Mrs. Debbie Miller):

<div class="WordSection1"><p>El presente artículo centrará su atención en un ejemplo de animación híbrida, <em>El asombroso mundo de Gumball<span style="font-size: 6.94444px;"><strong> </strong></span></em>(2011), serie de animación televisiva creada por Ben Bocquelet (1983), tras proponer a Cartoon Network reunir en una única producción a todos los personajes que él había creado y que fueron rechazados por estudios de animación a lo largo de los años. Partiendo de esta unión de elementos diferentes (cuya explicación está presente en la idea que sirve como base, pero no en el argumento de la serie), se analizarán los recursos que se utilizan para unir a personajes de estética dispar en un “universo gráfico” coherente. Este concepto de universo aparece definido por Raúl García en <em>Actores del Lápiz</em> (2000), como la unidad de estilo (y movimiento) en la que coexisten los personajes y elementos de diseño dentro de una serie de televisión, regidos por unas reglas que hay que mantener durante toda la creación, para hacerla verosímil ante el espectador. Teniendo en cuenta este concepto, se completará el análisis de dichos recursos estudiando producciones en las cuales la mezcla de estilos va acorde con el argumento, o se realiza con fines de experimentación estética: desde los <em>Lightning Sketches</em> de Blackton (1908) o <em>Gertie, the Good Dinosaur,</em> de<em> </em>McCay<em> </em>(1914); pasando por los personajes animados que conviven con humanos en <em>Mary Poppins</em> (1964), <em>¿Quién engañó a Roger Rabbit?</em> (1988), o <em>Space Jam</em> (1996); hasta los fondos de imagen real inmersos en la animación experimental del director Masaaki Yuasa en <em>The Tatami Galaxy</em>(2010).</p></div>

The first robot rover to land on the Moon in nearly 40 years, China's Jade Rabbit, has begun sending back photos, with shots of its lunar lander. Jade Rabbit rolled down a ramp lowered by the lander and on to the volcanic plain known as Sinus Iridum at 04:35 Beijing time on Saturday (20:35 GMT). It moved to a spot a few metres away, its historic short journey recorded by the lander. On Sunday evening the two machines began photographing each other. A Chinese flag is clearly visible on the Jade Rabbit as it stands deployed on the Moon's surface.

The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is an important cause of lamb loss. Horizontal transmission to ewes can occur from the parasite’s definitive host, the cat, by the faecal-oral route (Buxton 1990). Vertical (transplacental) transmission to lambs also occurs (Williams et al 2005; Rodger et al 2006). Toxoplasma encysts in brain and muscle where it persists for the lifetime of the sheep. Since Toxoplasma can infect any warm-blooded vertebrate, wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and hares (Lepus europeaus) might similarly be infected by the faecal-oral route and they might function as parasite reservoirs, infecting cats by the tissue-oral route. The aim of this study was to determine whether rabbits and hares are informative as sentinel species, revealing the prevalence and strain of Toxoplasma on pasture, such that they could be used as indicators of infection risk to sheep.

Topulos, George P., Nina R. Lipsky, John L. Lehr, Rick A. Rogers, and James P. Butler. Fractional changes in lung capillary blood volume and oxygen saturation during the cardiac cycle in rabbits. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1668–1676, 1997.—Changes in local pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) and oxygen saturation (S) have been difficult to measure in live animals. By utilizing the differences in absorption of light at two wavelengths (650 and 800 nm), we estimated the fractional change in Vc and S during the course of the cardiac cycle in eight anesthetized, ventilated rabbits at low and high lung volumes. Observations were made of the pattern of diffusely backscattered light, from an ∼1-cm3 volume of lung illuminated with a point source placed on the pleural surface through a thoracotomy. At low lung volume, the fractional change in Vc was ∼13%, the change in S was ∼4.6%, and the mean S was close to 77%. The fluctuations in Vc and S lagged behind peak systemic blood pressure by about one-fifth and three-fifths of a cycle, respectively. At high lung volume, there were no important fluctuations in Vc or S, and the mean S was ∼82%. These results are consistent with fluctuations in pulmonary capillary pressure and gas exchange over the cardiac cycle, and with decreasing capillary compliance with increasing lung volume.

Butler, James P., Hiroshi Miki, Stephanie Squarcia, Rick A. Rogers, and John L. Lehr. Effect of macroscopic deformation on lung microstructure. J. Appl. Physiol.81(4): 1792–1799, 1996.—Using an anisotropic theory of diffuse light scattering in lungs, we measured the fractional changes in geometric mean linear intercepts in orthogonal directions when freshly excised rabbit lungs were subjected to isovolume uniaxial strains. Results from the optical technique were compared with morphometric estimates of fractional changes in mean linear intercepts from the same strained and unstrained (control) lobes, with the conclusion that diffuse light scattering is adequate to estimate changes in mean free paths in different directions. We compared optical estimates of fractional changes in mean linear intercepts with the macroscopic strain field measured by displacements of pleural markers; this relationship did not significantly differ from the line of identity. We conclude that the microscopic strain field is closely matched to the macroscopic strain field during uniaxial distortion. This suggests that surface reorientation may not play a large role in the origin of the low shear modulus of the lung, but this cannot be definitively stated without comparison of these experimental results to specific model predictions of the changes in mean linear intercepts in shear deformation.

Mixing associated with “stretch-and-fold” convective flow patterns has recently been demonstrated to play a potentially important role in aerosol transport and deposition deep in the lung (J. P. Butler and A. Tsuda. J. Appl. Physiol. 83: 800–809, 1997), but the origin of this potent mechanism is not well characterized. In this study we hypothesized that even a small degree of asynchrony in otherwise reversible alveolar wall motion is sufficient to cause flow irreversibility and stretch-and-fold convective mixing. We tested this hypothesis using a large-scale acinar model consisting of a T-shaped junction of three short, straight, square ducts. The model was filled with silicone oil, and alveolar wall motion was simulated by pistons in two of the ducts. The pistons were driven to generate a low-Reynolds-number cyclic flow with a small amount of asynchrony in boundary motion adjusted to match the degree of geometric (as distinguished from pressure-volume) hysteresis found in rabbit lungs (H. Miki, J. P. Butler, R. A. Rogers, and J. Lehr. J. Appl. Physiol. 75: 1630–1636, 1993). Tracer dye was introduced into the system, and its motion was monitored. The results showed that even a slight asynchrony in boundary motion leads to flow irreversibility with complicated swirling tracer patterns. Importantly, the kinematic irreversibility resulted in stretching of the tracer with narrowing of the separation between adjacent tracer lines, and when the cycle-by-cycle narrowing of lateral distance reached the slowly growing diffusion distance of the tracer, mixing abruptly took place. This coupling of evolving convective flow patterns with diffusion is the essence of the stretch-and-fold mechanism. We conclude that even a small degree of boundary asynchrony can give rise to stretch-and-fold convective mixing, thereby leading to transport and deposition of fine and ultrafine aerosol particles deep in the lung.

Methods for the measurement of marsupial LH invariably rely upon the similarity of the LH molecule between different species and usually use anti-ovine or anti-bovine LH antibody and an ovine or bovine labelled LH preparation. Initial attempts to measure plasma LH in the Western Grey Kangaroo with assays using antibodies to 4 different isoforms of ovine LH raised in 7 different rabbits were unsuccessful. An enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) developed for the Asian elephant (Zoo Biology 23:45–63) was then applied to the Western Grey Kangaroo and the Black-flanked Rock Wallaby. This EIA has an anti-bovine-LH monoclonal antibody (518B7 provided by Dr Jan Roser, University of California, Davis, USA), biotinylated ovine LH label and bovine LH standard (NIADDK-oLH-26 and NIH-bLH-B10, both provided by Dr Janine Brown and Nicole Abbondanza, Smithsonian Institute, Front Royal, Virginia USA). Technical validation showed that serial dilution down to 1:8 of plasma from 7 individuals of each species showed parallelism to the assay standard curve, and control samples (1.24–5.30 ng/mL) had between-assay coefficients of variation <9%. Biological validation was achieved by challenging animals with intramuscular GnRH (Fertagyl®, 2.5 µg/kg) and measuring LH before and 25 min after the injection. Significant increases in plasma concentrations of LH (mean ± sem; all P > 0.0005) were seen after GnRH for both the Western Grey Kangaroo (from 5.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL to 9.4 ± 1.2 ng/mL; n = 19) and the Black-flanked Rock Wallaby (from 6.0 ± 0.7 ng/mL to 10.6 ± 0.6 ng/mL; n = 28). In conclusion, this assay can be successfully used to measure LH in these two species.

Since the recognition by Sabin of the specific nature of reovi­ruses in 1959 and the characterisation of their genome as double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) by Gomatos in 1960, there have been many attempts to rescue viruses by transfecting cells with viral dsRNA. These attempts were largely unsuccessful. In 1990, it was proposed by Roner and Joklik that messenger (m) RNA transcribed from orthoreovirus cores was infectious when that mRNA was transfected into cells together with rabbit reticu­locyte lysates that were pre-incubated with denatured viral dsR­NAs. However, attempts to reproduce these ‘rescue’ experiments failed in the hands of other scientists. A breakthrough came in 2007 when Kobayashi and Dermody established a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for the orthoreoviruses, which represents the first reliable, synthetic based, reverse genetic system for a dsRNA virus. The system made it possible to study the role of specified amino acids in the outer capsid protein by generating ‘designer’ mutants. A second and potentially even more signifi­cant breakthrough came in the same year when Boyce and Roy showed that mRNA transcribed from the bluetongue virus core was infectious, allowing rescue of the virus in BSR cells, a clone of BHK-21 cells. This same group extended their work to the generation of synthetic transcripts from complementary (c) DNA copies of each of the 10 genome segments cloned into plasmids, driven by the T7 polymerase. We report refinement of a T7 base transcription approach, which uses simple linear polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons of the individual virus genome segments from any reovirus, for transcription of full length, fully capped mRNA transcripts. These transcripts were used to transfect BSR cells and permitted rescue of the corresponding viruses. There was no requirement for a second transfection of either capped or uncapped messages. The efficiency of the system was significantly improved, using modulators of the cells’ innate immunity; particu­larly, 2-aminopurine considerably enhanced the rescue and short­ened the time for appearance of lysis plaques. This system was successfully used for 12 segmented coltiviruses, the 12 segmented seadornaviruses and 10 segmented orbiviruses. The authors sug­gest that this simplified rescue-strategy should be applicable to any dsRNA virus, particularly the members of the 15 recognized genera of the family Reoviridae. The system is currently being tested for mono-partite dsRNA viral genomes.

ASSESSMENT OF PARALLEL SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN UTERINE MYOCYTES STIMULATED WITH VARIOUS SMOOTH MUSCLE AGONISTS H.N. Aguilar, B.F. Mitchell 1 TRACTOGRAPHY: A NOVEL TECHNIQUE TO IMAGE FIBER TRACTS OF THE SPINAL CORD Fahad Alkherayf, Eve Tsai, Arturo Cardenas-Blanco, Alain Berthiaume, Brien Benoit, John Sinclair 1 MODULATION OF OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS IN INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASES H. Allard-Chamard, M. Durant, A.J. de Brum-Fernandes, G. Boire, S.V. Komarova, S.J. Dixon, S.M. Sims, R. Harison, M.F. Manolson 2 “THE RIGHT THING TO DO? A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS, RIGHTS DISCOURSE, AND THE EXPANSION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART)” Berkhout, SG, Anderson, S, Tyndall, MW 2 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF IMMEDIATE BASELINE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY VS. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE IN ONTARIO PATIENTS WHO PRESENT WITH SYMPTOMS SUGGESTIVE OF STROKE KR Burton, G. Mery 3 CHITOSAN-MEDIATED FGF18 DELIVERY FOR ASSISTED BONE REPAIR A. Carli, M. Lavertu, C. Gao, A. Merzouki, M.D. Buschmann, J.E. Henderson, E.J.Harvey 3 ACTIVE PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PROMOTES THE METASTATIC POTENTIAL OF ASCITES-DERIVED EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER CELLS Correa RJM, Ramos-Valdes Y, Bertrand M, Lanvin D, Préfontaine M, Sugimoto AK, Lewis JD, Shepherd TG, DiMattia GE 4 MECHANISMS OF K65R, D67N, K103N, V106M AND M184V RESISTANCE DEVELOPMENT IN SUBTYPE-B AND C HIV-1 Dimitrios Coutsinos, Cedric F. Invernizzi, Daniela Moisi, Maureen Oliveira, Hongtao Xu, Bluma G. Brenner, Mark A. Wainberg 4 A MODEL TO DETERMINE FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE INDUCTION OF AN IN VIVO CTL RESPONSE Dissanayake D, Ohashi PS 5 P63 ANTAGONIZES P53 TO PROMOTE THE SURVIVAL OF EMBRYONIC NEURAL PRECURSOR CELLS Sagar B. Dugani, Annie Paquin, Masashi Fujitani, David R. Kaplan, Freda D. Miller 5 SPINAL LOCOMOTOR NETWORK MODULATION BY ENDOGENOUS SEROTONIN IN THE ISOLATED NEONATAL MOUSE SPINAL CORD Dunbar MJ, Whelan PJ 6 THE TUMOR PROMOTING AND REPRESSING EFFECTS OF INTEGRIN-LINKED KINASE ARE DIFFERENTIATED BY JNK1 IN HUMAN CANCER CELLS Adam David Durbin, Gregory Edward Hannigan, David Malkin 6 INCREASED EXCITATION IN MICE OVER-EXPRESSING NEUROLIGIN-1 IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRED LONG-TERM POTENTIATION AND LEARNING AND MEMORY Brennan D Eadie, Timal Kannangara, Regina Dalhaus, Rochelle M Hines, Yu-Tian Wang, Alaa El-Husseini, Brian R Christie 7 A NOVEL ROLE FOR CDK5/P35 IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA FORMATION Friesen AN, Shin J, Law V, Lee YS, Mckinnon P, Lee KY 7 ALTERED PSYCHOSOCIAL BEHAVIOUR AND STRESS RESPONSE FOLLOWING ‘MINOR’ STROKE IN THE RAT Krista Hewlett, Meighan Kelly, Dale Corbett 8 TUMOUR PATHOLOGY PREDICTS MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY IN COLORECTAL CANCER AJ Hyde, D Fontaine, S Stuckless, RC Green, A Pollett, M Simms, P Parfrey, HB Younghusband 8 PROTEINASE-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-2 (PAR2) IS A POTENTIAL TARGET FOR THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF INSULIN Eric Hyun, Rithwick Ramachandran, Nicolas Cenac, Steeve Houle, Amit Saxena, Roland S. Liblau, Morley Hollenberg, Nathalie Vergnolle 9 CHEMOSENSITIVE PROPERTIES OF THE VENTRAL MEDULLA IN VITRO Kalf Daniel J, Wilson Richard JA 9 NOVEL DOPAMINE RECEPTOR-N TYPE CALCIUM CHANNEL INTERACTIONS: POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH ABERRANT DOPAMINERGIC SIGNALLING Alexandra E. Kisilevsky, Sean J. Mulligan, Christophe Altier, Mircea C. Iftinca, Diego Varela, Chao Tai, Lina Chen, Shahid Hameed, Jawed Hamid, Brian A. MacVicar, Gerald W. Zamponi 10 TRUNCATION OF THE C-TERMINAL DOMAIN OF CONNEXIN43 INCREASES INFARCT VOLUME DURING STROKE Kozoriz MG, Bechberger JF, Bechberger GR, Suen MWH, Moreno AP, Maass K, Willecke K, Naus CC 10 EVALUATION OF THE DELIVERABILITY AND TOLERABILITY OF INTENSIVE WEEKLY DOUBLET ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER M. Sara Kuruvilla, Lorraine Martelli-Reid, J. R. Goffin, A. Arnold, Peter M. Ellis 11 A POLICY-ORIENTED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF ENDOSCOPIC THERAPIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF BARRETT’S ESOPHAGUS Lau D, Menon D, Stafinski T, Topfer LA, Walker J 11 THE SRC-LIKE ADAPTOR PROTEIN, SLAP, PLAYS A ROLE IN MONOCYTE-DERIVED DENDRITIC CELL MATURATION Larissa Liontos, L Dragone, A Weiss, C J McGlade 12 SWEET PEE: A NEW MOUSE MODEL FOR GLOMERULOCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND GLUCOSURIA J Ly, J Rossant, L Oxborne, C McKerlie, A Flenniken, S Quaggin 12 CARDIOGENIC SHOCK IN ASPHYXIATED NEONATE PIGLETS: IS COMBINATION INOTROPE THERAPY BETTER THAN HIGH-DOSE DOPAMINE? N. Manouchehri, P.-Y. Cheung, C. Joynt, T. Churchill, D. Bigam 13 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLOW-MEDIATED DILATION, HYPEREMIC SHEAR STRESS, AND VARIOUS ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES OF OBESITY Martin BJ, Title LM, Verma S, Charbonneau F, Buithieu J, Lonn EM, Anderson TJ 13 RAPID LOCALIZATION OF NEUTROPHILS TO SITES OF CELL DEATH BY MAC1-DEPENDENT ADHESION AND INTRAVASCULAR CRAWLING McDonald B, Menezes GB, Kubes P 14 THE ROLE OF SHIP-1 IN CEACAM1-MEDIATED HOST RESPONSES TO NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE INFECTION Gordon G McSheffrey, S D Gray-Owen 14 USING VOLTAGE-SENSITIVE DYES TO RECORD BRAIN ACTIVITY IN NATURALLY MOVING MICE McVea DA, Mohajerani MH, Fingas M, Murphy TH 15 POTENTIAL MECHANICAL INFLUENCE IN MICROVASCULAR PATHOLOGY IN THE ACL DEFICIENT RABBIT KNEE Daniel Miller 15 OSTEOBLAST MECHANOSENSITIVITY: THE ROLE OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE Kenneth A. Myers, Timothy Douglas, Ricarda Hess, Justin Parreno, Jerome B. Rattner, Dieter Scharnweber, Nigel G. Shrive, David A. Hart 16 ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS FOR HEALING AND ANGIOGENESIS IN A SEGMENTAL BONE DEFECT MODEL: A COMPARISON WITH MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS Nauth A, Li R, Schemitsch EH 16 DELAY OF DNA METHYLATION IN PERINATAL MALE GERM CELLS IN THE ABSENCE OF DNMT3L RESULTING IN INFERTILITY Kirsten Niles, Sophie La Salle, Christopher Oakes, Jacquetta Trasler 17 INVESTIGATING CRMP4 FUNCTION IN CNS NERVE REGENERATION S. Ong Tone, S. Kanagal, A. Wilson, Y.Z. Alabed, A. Di Polo, A.E. Fournier 17 A NOVEL, DNA DAMAGE-DEPENDENT REGULATORY PATHWAY FOR AKT IN VIVO Andrew J. Perrin, W. Brent Derry 18 CHOP AS A TARGET FOR PRESERVATION OF TRANSPLANTED ISLET GRAFT MASS Potter K, Dai L, Verchere CB 18 TREATMENT OF ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY R Ram, C Patel, D Wiseman, W Meeuwisse, JP Wiley 19 PLACENTAL LACTOGEN FUNCTION IN POST-IMPLANTATION MURINE PREGNANCY Saara M. Rawn, James C. Cross 19 DECODING NEURAL SIGNALS FROM MULTIELECTRODE ARRAYS IN THE PRIMATE DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX Sachs A.J, Pieper F, Martinez-Trujillo J.C. 20 THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA IN A MOUSE MODEL OF OSTEOARTHRITIS Usmani S.E, Appleton C.T.G., Welch I.D, Beier F. 20 SKIN-DERIVED STEM CELLS ACT AS FUNCTIONAL SCHWANN CELLS WHEN TRANSPLANTED INTO LESIONED PERIPHERAL NERVE Sarah K. Walsh, Rajiv Midha 21 TLR4 MEDIATES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES C Westwell-Roper, G Soukhatcheva, MJH Hutton, JP Dutz, CB Verchere 21 A FUSION OF GMCSF AND IL-21 (GIFT-21) POTENTLY INDUCES INFLAMMATION AND APOPTOSIS THROUGH SIGNALS DOWNSTREAM OF THE IL-21R ALPHA CHAIN Patrick Williams, Shala Yuan, Jessica Cuerquis, Elena Birman, Kathy Ann Forner, Jacques Galipeau 22

The metaphor can serve as an effective tool in science communication. This article studies the posts and comments of the Weibo account of Jade Rabbit of the Moon Rover, which construes the rover metaphorically as an anthropomorphized rabbit. This study explores the motivation and effect of this metaphor. Conceptual motivation can be found in the similarities between the rover and the anthropomorphized rabbit. Communicative motivation lies in its enhanced effectiveness in promoting science. The metaphor has been readily accepted by Weibo users who have displayed emotional reactions to its metaphorical construal, acquired astronomical knowledge, and determined to embark on scientific careers.