Academic literature on the topic 'Roi de Babylonie'

La poésie hébraïque est généralement très concise : les vers sont courts et ne comprennent souvent que deux ou trois mots. La poésie du Deutéro-Isaïe ne fait pas exception. Mais en utilisant sciemment certains mots auxquels il est possible d’attribuer plus d’un sens, le prophète est en mesure de formuler un message beaucoup plus complet et complexe que le texte ne le suggère à première vue, tout en conservant la concision habituelle de la poésie hébraïque classique. Cette complexité est particulièrement bien illustrée dans un passage où le prophète se moque des devins et des sages babyloniens (Is 44,25), afin de démontrer à ses auditeurs que Yahvé est le seul et unique responsable de la libération de son peuple et qu’il est derrière la décision du roi perse Cyrus de reconstruire Jérusalem et son temple.

The "Atlas" facade of 1788, proposed by architect Etienne-Louis Boullée for the Bibliothèque du Roi in Paris, has long been regarded as a spectacular yet enigmatic work. This essay identifies the giant globe, supported by two muscular atlantes, flanking the library's main portal as an actual object, drawn more or less to scale, made by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli for Louis XIV in 1683. Along with a terrestrial globe of equally astonishing dimensions, the celestial globe was housed in the Bibliothèque du Roi for most of the eighteenth century. The fate of these globes was intertwined with the specific development of the Bibliothèque du Roi, as well as with the general emergence of "library," "museum," and "academy" as modern institutions of publicly held knowledge. By foregrounding the celestial globe, Boullée not only celebrated le siècle de Louis-le-Grand but also signaled the major contributions made by Babylon, Chaldea, and Egypt to Greek astronomy and to Western thought as a whole. Raphael's School of Athens, a painting to which Boullée's interior view of the Bibliothèque du Roi famously referred, had made a similar point about the potent blend of Eastern occult wisdom and European scientific methods through the memorable motif of globes. The approach here is iconographic. The symbols of the "Atlas" façade serve as a point of departure for examining the representational systems of the fine arts and the observational sciences and lead ultimately to a school of "universal" knowledge that was built into Boullée's vision of this library.

The object once known as the Burney Relief, and now renamed The Queen of the Night (hereinafter referred to as the Queen) is a mould-made plaque of straw-tempered clay (Fig. 1). Integral with the rectangular background (49.5 × 37 cm) is a nude figure who wears the horned headdress of a Mesopotamian goddess, has lowered wings, dewclaws and bird's talons, holds the divine rod-and-ring symbol in each hand, stands on the backs of two addorsed lions, and is flanked by large owls. Traces of black, red and white paint survive. Since it was first published in the Illustrated London News on 13 June 1936, the plaque has been hailed as a masterpiece of ancient Mesopotamian art generally dated to the Old Babylonian period and, more specifically, to the age of Hammurabi (reigned 1792–1750 BC according to the Middle Chronology). After more than seven decades in private ownership, the plaque finally came into the public domain when, in 2003, the British Museum celebrated its 250th anniversary with the acquisition of this iconic work.One would expect such a unique piece to have its detractors, and in 1936–7 Dietrich Opitz published an article in which he raised doubts about its authenticity, although Van Buren, in her article appended to his (1936–7), came out in favour of the plaque. Then “a seminal article by Henri Frankfort (1937–9)… caused Opitz (1937–9) to change his mind” (Curtis and Collon 1996: 91–2), and other major scholars have agreed with Frankfort, including Thorkild Jacobsen (1987).In 1970, Pauline Albenda published a short article that focused on two features of the plaque's iconography, namely the “ring and rod” (normally referred to as rod-and-ring) symbols held by the goddess, and the overlapping lions on which she stood. These led her to “conclude that the Burney relief is not genuine”. In 2005, she revived the debate in an article in the Journal of the American Oriental Society. I shall consider in turn the various points she raises (giving the relevant page numbers in brackets) and seek to demonstrate why I think her arguments to be flawed and why I am convinced that the Queen of the Night is a genuine work of the age of Hammurabi of Babylon.

Este artigo propõe analisar o poema “The Burglar of Babylon”, escrito em 1964 e publicado em 1965 pela escritora norte-americana Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979). Este estudo adota como abordagem teórico-metodológica a crítica genética, campo interdisciplinar que pode dialogar com outras teorias que ajudem a responder questões referentes à gênese analisada. Levando em consideração que a espacialidade é temática frequente na poética da autora, o conceito de multiterritorialidade torna-se importante para a análise do poema em questão. Além disso, a temática adotada é de cunho social, o que propicia o estudo do rastro sócio-histórico que se apresenta nos manuscritos. O texto trata da história de Micuçú, um criminoso pernambucano que, como tantas outras pessoas, migrou para o Rio de Janeiro em busca de melhores condições de vida, passando a residir no morro da Babilônia, favela carioca da qual Bishop, a partir de seu apartamento no bairro do Leme, tinha vista privilegiada. Propomos reconstituir alguns dos movimentos de gênese a fim de expor algumas das estratégias usadas pela escritora e, especialmente, encontrar elos intertextuais presentes na estruturação sócio-histórica do poema.

Purpose: This study studies the effect of capital structure on the performance of some Iraqi private banks. Six banks based in Iraq namely: Babylon Bank, Investment Bank, Credit Bank, Commercial Bank, Sharq Al-Awsat Bank, and Baghdad Bank were selected for the present study over the period 2005 to 2015. Methodology: Annual reports of these banks were studied and relevant ratios were calculated. The variables that were identified as independent for capital structure were total debt to capital, bank size and asset growth, while return on assets and return on equity were considered to be dependent variables for bank performance. The panel Least Square model has been used to examine the impact of capital structure on bank performance. Findings: Outcomes indicate that none of the independent variables has a significant impact on return on assets (ROA), while total debt to capital (TDC) has a positive impact on return on equity (ROE). Reduction: Depending on this result, Iraqi banks should keep sufficient amount of capital to avoid any financial risks and increase the probability of survival.

Background: Asthma is a chronic airway disorder, in which cytokines are probably contributing in the inflammation and in the pathophysiology of the disease. This study aimed to determine the benefit of measurement of FENO and IL-1β in the diagnosis of asthma. Method: The study was conducted in Merjan Medical City and Spiro private clinic in Babylon province in the period from March to June 2019, 127 asthmatic patients were compared with 60 healthy subjects as control group. The age ranged from 10 to 60 years old, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) test was performed to assess asthma by using (Medisoft® company, Belgium). Body mass index (BMI) was subtracted as weight (kg)/height (m2). Waist circumference/cm (WC) was calculated between the inferior margin of thoracic ribs and midline of the iliac-crest. Hip circumference/cm (HC) was calculated from the broadest hip eminent before the waist/hip ratio (W/H) computed. The FENO measures had classified into low (<25 ppb) or intermediate-high (⩾25 ppb) according to the ‘’American Thoracic Society recommendations’’. Iterleukine-1 beta (IL-1β) was measured in the sera by ELISA technique using Human IL-1β (Interleukin 1-Beta) ELISA Kit from Elabscience®. Results: there was no significant correlation between the levels of FENO and IL-1β with body weight as measured by the way of BMI and waist/hip ratio. There was no correlation between duration of asthma with the levels of FENO and IL-1β. ROC curve analysis of FENO test in BA patients showed significant (p-0.001) high sensitivity (92%) and specificity (90%). However, ROC curve analysis of IL-1β in BA patients revealed non-significant (p-0.53), lower accuracy (56.4%), sensitivity 962%) and specificity (57%) to distinguish BA patients). Conclusion: No relation between obesity and eosinophilic airways inflammation. The measurement of FENO level is more important in assessment of asthma inflammation than IL-1β.

04–117Al-Jarf, Reima S. (King Saud U., Saudi Arabia). The effects of web-based learning on struggling EFL college writers. Foreign Language Annals (New York, USA), 37, 1 (2004), 49–57.04–118Basturkmen, Helen (University of Auckland, New Zealand; Email: h.basturkmen@auckland.ac.nz). Specificity and ESP course design. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 1 (2003), 48–63.04–119Basturkmen, H., Loewen, S. and Ellis, R. (U. of Auckland, New Zealand Email: h.basturkmen@auckland.ac.nz). Teachers' stated beliefs about incidental focus on form and their classroom practices. Applied Linguistics (Oxford, UK), 25, 2 (2004), 243–72.04–120Benson, Barbara E. (Piedmont College, Georgia, USA). Framing culture within classroom practice: culturally relevant teaching. Action in Teacher Education (Alexandria, Virginia, USA), 25, 2 (2003), 16–22.04–121Blanche, Patrick (U. of California, Davis, USA; Email: blanche@kumagaku.ac.jp). Using dictations to teach pronunciation. Modern English Teacher (London, UK), 13, 1 (2004), 30–36.04–122Budimlic, Melisa (Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany). Zur Konzeption und Entwicklung interdisziplinärer Lernprogramme am Beispiel eines Lernmodules zur Psycholinguistik. [The concept and development of an interdisciplinary learning programme. An example of a module in psycholinguistics] Zeitschrift für Interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada), Online Journal, 9, 1 (2004), 12 pp.04–123Cajkler, Wasyl (U. of Leicester, UK; Email: wc4@le.ac.uk). How a dead butler was killed: the way English national strategies maim grammatical parts. Language and Education (Clevedon, UK), 18, 1 (2004), 1–16.04–124Calvin, Lisa M. & Rider, N. Ann (Indiana State U., USA). Not your parents' language class: curriculum revision to support university language requirements. Foreign Language Annals (New York, USA), 37, 1 (2004), 11–25.04–125Carrier, Karen A. (Northern Illinois University, USA). Improving high school English language learners' second language listening through strategy instruction. Bilingual Research Journal (Arizona, USA), 27, 3 (2003), 383–408.04–126Christie, Frances (Universities of Melbourne and Sydney, Australia; Email: fhchri@unimelb.edu.au). English in Australia. RELC Journal (Singapore) 34, 1 (2003), 100–19.04–127Drobná, Martina (Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany). Konzeption von Online-Lerneinheiten für den Unterricht Deutsch als Fremdsprache am Beispiel des Themas ‘Auslandsstudium in Deutschland’. [The concept of an online learning unit ‘Studying in Germany’ for German as a foreign language]. Zeitschrift für Iinterkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht (Edmonton, Canada) Online Journal, 9, 1 (2004), 17 pp.04–128Ellis, Rod (University of Auckland, New Zealand; Email: r.ellis@auckland.ac.nz). Designing a task-based syllabus. RELC Journal (Singapore) 34, 1 (2003), 64–81.04–129Giambo, D. & McKinney, J. (University of Miami, USA) The effects of a phonological awareness intervention on the oral English proficiency of Spanish-speaking kindergarten children. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, Virginia, USA), 38, 1 (2004), 95–117.04–130Goodwyn, Andrew (Reading University, UK). The professional identity of English teachers. English in Australia (Norwood, Australia), 139 (2004), 122–30.04–131Hu, Guangwei (Nanyang Technological U., Singapore; Email: gwhu@nie.edu.sg). English language teaching in China: regional differences and contributing factors. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development (Clevedon, UK), 24, 4 (2003), 290–318.04–132Jacobs, George M. (JF New Paradigm Education, Singapore; Email: gmjacobs@pacific.net.sg) and Farrell, Thomas S. C. Understanding and implementing the communicative language teaching paradigm. RELC Journal (Singapore) 34, 1 (2003), 5–30.04–133Janks, Hilary (University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa). The access paradox. English in Australia (Norwood, Australia), 139 (2004), 33–42.04–134Kim, Jeong-ryeol (Korea National U. of Education, South Korea; Email: jrkim@knue.ac.kr). Using mail talk to improve English speaking skills. English Teaching (Anseonggun, South Korea), 58, 4 (2003), 349–69.04–135Kim, Nahk-Bohk (Chungnam National University, South Korea). An investigation into the collocational competence of Korean high school EFL learners. English Teaching (Anseonggun, South Korea), 58, 4 (2003), 225–48.04–136Kormos, Judit & Dénes, Mariann (Eötvös Loránd U., Hungary; Email: kormos.j@chello.hu). Exploring measures and perceptions of fluency in the speech of second language learners. System (Oxford, UK), 32, 2 (2004), 145–64.04–137Lee, Jin Kyong (Seoul National U., South Korea). The acquisition process of yes/no questions by ESL learners and its pedagogical implications. English Teaching (Anseonggun, South Korea), 58, 4 (2003), 205–24.04–138Levine, Glenn S. (U. of California, Irvine, USA). Global simulation: a student-centered, task-based format for intermediate foreign language courses. Foreign Language Annals (New York, USA), 37, 1 (2004), 26–36.04–139Littlemore, Jeannette (U. of Birmingham, UK; Email: j.m.littlemore@bham.ac.uk). Using clipart and concordancing to teach idiomatic expressions. Modern English Teacher (London, UK), 13, 1 (2004), 17–44.04–140Llurda, Enric (Email: ellurda@dal.udl.es) and Huguet, Ángel (Universitat de Lleida, Spain). Self-awareness in NNS EFL Primary and Secondary school teachers. Language Awareness (Clevedon, UK), 12, 3&4 (2003), 220–33.04–141Lochtman, Katja (Vrije U., Belgium; Email: katja.lochtman@vub.ac.be). Oral corrective feedback in the foreign language classroom: how it affects interaction in analytic foreign language teaching. International Journal of Educational Research (Abingdon, UK), 37 (2002), 271–83.04–142Mackey, Alison (Georgetown U., USA; Email: mackeya@georgetown.edu). Beyond production: learners' perceptions about interactional processes. International Journal of Educational Research (Abingdon, UK), 37 (2002), 379–94.04–143Maiwald, Cordula (Passau, Germany). Zeitverstehen und Tempusformen im Deutschen – eine Herausforderung im Fremdsprachenunterricht. [The concept of time and German tenses – a challenge for a foreign language classroom] Jahrbuch Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Munich, Germany), 29 (2003), 287–302.04–144McKay, Sandra Lee (San Francisco State U., USA; Email: 2slmckay@attbi.com). EIL curriculum development. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 1 (2003), 31–47.04–145Na, Yoon-Hee and Kim, Sun-Joo (U. of Texas at Austin, USA; Email: yhena@mail.utexas.edu). Critical literacy in the EFL classroom. English Teaching (Anseonggun, Korea), 58, 3 (2003), 143–63.04–146Nettelbeck, David (Whitefriars College, Australia). ICT and the re-shaping of literacy. A secondary classroom perspective. 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Relationships formed in dyadic interaction and opportunity for learning. International Journal of Educational Research (Abingdon, UK), 37 (2002), 305–22.04–160Tomlinson, Brian and Masuhara, Hitomi (Leeds Metropolitan U., UK; Email: B.Tomlinson@lmu.ac.uk). Developing cultural awareness. Modern English Teacher (London, UK), 13, 1 (2004), 5–12.04–161Towndrow, P. (Nangyang Technological U., Singapore). Reflections of an on-line tutor. ELT Journal (Oxford, UK), 58, 2 (2004), 174–82.04–162Vilches, Ma. Luz C. (Ateneo do Manila U., Philippines; Email: mvilches@ateneo.edu). Task-based language teaching: the case of EN 10. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 1 (2003), 82–99.04–163Willkop, Eva-Maria (Mainz, Germany). Texte im Mitteilungsprozess – Wege durch ein vereinigtes Babylon [Texts in the mediation process – ways through united Babylon] Jahrbuch Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Munich, Germany), 29 (2003), 221–50.

Au premier millénaire, Babylone est la plus grande ville de Mésopotamie, et est surtout considérée, par les Babyloniens et dans l' historiographie contemporaine, comme la ville des dieux et une ville sacrée de première importance. Face à cette prédominance du fait religieux, l' un des enjeux de ce travail est de s' interroger sur la place laissée au roi temporel, et plus généralement au pouvoir politique, dans la ville de Babylone. Cette thèse s'articule en trois points : comment le roi temporel s' inscrit- il dans la ville du souverain éternel, cité à la topographie sacralisée? En quoi Babylone est-elle au fondement d' une royauté sacralisée ? Et enfin, quelles sont les manifestations concrètes du pouvoir royal temporel dans Babylone ? Fondée sur l' étude d'inscriptions royales commémoratives, de mythes et de documents de la pratique, cette étude permet, ainsi, de revoir et de réapprécier le rôle de Babylone en tant que capitale politique, et tente de parvenir à un rééquilibrage du rôle du souverain temporel à l' intérieur de la ville de Marduk
In the first millennium BC, Babylon is the bigest city of Mesopotamia. lt is mostly regarded by the Babylonians and by contemporary historiography as the city of the gods, and as the most important sacred city. Facing this predominance of religion, one of the challenges of this work is to question the place left to the temporal king, and more generally, to political power in the city of BabyIon. This dissertation is divided into three points : how the temporal king fit into thecity of the eternal ruIer, city with sacred topography ? ln what BabyIon is on the basis of a sacred kingship ? And finally, what are the concrete manifestations of the temporal royal power in Babylon ? Based on the study of commemorative royal inscriptions, myths and documents issued from private and institutional archives, the aim of this study is to review and reassess the role of BabyIon as political capital, and attempts to achieve a rebalancing of the role of the temporalsovereign within the city of Marduk

Cette étude vise à identifier ce qu’a pu être le costume de la sphère royale en Mésopotamie de l’époque d’Akkad à l’époque néo-babylonienne. Dans ce cadre, le costume est entendu comme l’ensemble des pièces susceptibles d’être portées – habits, couvre-chefs, ceintures, chaussures, bijoux, armes, insignes, etc. – de même que les coiffures ou les cosmétiques qui contribuent à l’apparence. Bien que la plupart d’entre eux ait aujourd’hui disparu, quelques vestiges matériels du costume mésopotamien subsistent et une multitude de textes et d’images l’évoque. Leur confrontation permet donc de restituer en partie la garde-robe royale. Pour ce faire, l’étude dresse d’abord un catalogue des matières et des pièces ayant pu être portées, lequel démontre une grande variété de types vestimentaires dont certains modèles particulièrement précieux. Cet inventaire typologique fournit le cadre d’une réflexion synthétique plus large sur la confection des habits ainsi que sur les permanences et les évolutions des différentes pièces identifiées. Notre travail retrace également la manière dont les éléments de costume étaient combinés ensemble, qui les portait et dans quels contextes. Par ailleurs, l’étude examine les facteurs de distinction sexuelle du costume, de même que les spécificités de l’habillement du souverain, à la fois parmi les autres membres de la sphère royale et entre rois des différentes cours mésopotamiennes. Enfin, le costume n’étant pas seulement un élément essentiel de la vie quotidienne mais aussi le vecteur de multiples discours, l’étude souligne son importance en Mésopotamie à travers sa valeur financière et sa place dans l’économie ainsi qu’à travers son rôle symbolique
This study aims to identify the different elements that could have composed the costume in Ancient Mesopotamian royal sphere from Akkadian time to the fall of Neo-Babylonian Empire. The term of costume is understood as everything worn including clothes, hats, belts, baldrics, gloves, shoes, jewels, weapons, etc., and what contributes to the general appearance such as hairdresses or cosmetics. Although most of the material evidences of the costume in Ancient Mesopotamia have now disappeared, ancient texts and images relate it. Their confrontation enables us to partially reconstruct the royal wardrobe. The royal wardrobe included different types of pieces, each of them in a great variety of models, among which many were very precious. First, our study makes the inventory of clothing types and materials attested or presumed but also demonstrates how costume pieces were combined together, who worn them and in which circumstances. This typological study constitutes the base of a larger reflection upon the way costumes were made, the evolution over the analyzed period or the consistency of the different pieces of clothes. This part also sums up the gender distinction points of the costume and the specificities of the king’s costume in the royal sphere and between the various Mesopotamian courts. Finally, costume being not only an essential part of daily life but also a mean of communication, this study underlines its importance in Mesopotamia through its financial value, its major place in the economy and also through its symbolic role

Au cours de la « Renaissance du XIIe siècle », l'écriture de l'histoire s'épanouit dans l'Europe Latine. L'un des genres dans lequel ce phénomène est le plus visible est celui des chroniques universelles. Les chroniqueurs tentent d'y raconter l'histoire de l'humanité, depuis la Création jusqu'à leur propre époque. Certaines sont particulièrement riches en matière d'histoire ancienne, et fournissent même parfois d'amples informations sur l'Orient ancien. Pourquoi des moines reclus dans leurs monastères s'intéressaient-ils à une histoire aussi éloignée dans le temps et dans l'espace ? Le présent travail s'occupe de deux grandes sections de l'histoire orientale telle qu'elle était conçue au XIIe siècle : les empires qui tournaient autour de la ville de Babylone et les hauts faits militaires d'Alexandre dans les régions d'Asie. En analysant le traitement que leur réservent les chroniques universelles, on observe que les auteurs ont mis ces histoires au service de problématiques propres à leur temps, guidés par des intérêts chaque fois plus proches du monde séculier. En même temps, ils utilisèrent des méthodes propres à l'historiographie, ce qui aboutit à différencier significativement leurs travaux des commentaires bibliques et des romans d'antiquité
During the "Renaissance of the 12th century" there was a flourishing of historical writing in Latin Europe. One the genres where this is most noticeable is in the universal chronicles. In them, the chroniclers outline the history of the world from Creation until their own period. Some of them are particularly rich in ancient history and they provide a lot of information of the ancient Orient. Why did monks secluded in their monasteries take interest on a history so far removed from them in time and space? This study considers two great sections of ancient oriental history as it was understood in the twelfth century: the empires surrounding the city of Babylon and the military deeds of Alexander the Great in Asia. Analyzing the treatment that the universal chronicles give them we can appreciate that the authors put these histories at the service of the problems of their own time, being guided increasingly by interests close to the secular world. At the same time they used methods of historiography, which significantly differentiated their works from biblical commentary and the "romances of antiquity"

Cette étude se concentre sur l'usage des termes familiaux dans les Archives Epistolaires Royales de Mari. Elle y constate l'existence d'un rapport hiérarchique entre le destinataire et l'expéditeur dans cette correspondance et propose d'expliciter ce système politique exprime à partir du vocabulaire de la famille. Elle aborde donc les origines et l'importance de la notion de respect ainsi que ses conséquences sur la façon de s'adresser au roi. Cela nécessite de s'interroger sur l'autorité de ce dernier en Mésopotamie et en Syrie ; son rôle comme juge, la notion d'étranger, et le droit de l'homme. Ces sujets ont été traités à la fois philologiquement et sociologiquement en s'intéressant aux constantes de la mentalité sémitique depuis l'époque de Mari jusqu'a la période préislamique. Cela a permis d'étudier la notion de famille « politique» qui finalement est une transposition de la famille biologique, sur plusieurs niveaux: la famille « biologique» du roi, la famille « politique » internationale composée des rois contemporains, celle de leurs « serviteurs» et celle des femmes qualifiées de « servantes ». Le chercheur a appliqué le système proposé sur les lettres qui sont difficilement comprises ou mal placées dans leur contexte historique, pour leur rendre leur place dans le corpus épistolaire et donner un éclairage nouveau a l'histoire de Mari.

Ce travail présente une nouvelle analyse des bas-reliefs des palais néoassyriens du premier millénaire av. J.-C. Elle combine une analyse spatiale, basée sur la restitution à l’aide de l’imagerie 3D des palais d’Assurnazirpal II et Sargon II, qui permet la remise en situation des images dans l’architecture, et une analyse sémiologique.L’analyse de la structure de ces images, couplée à une étude sémantique des textes des palais qui leurs sont associés permet de montrer que les décors, ainsi que les textes, forment des portraits de rois, dont la synthèse se trouve dans la salle du trône, centre du palais et du royaume, les thèmes des images présents dans les autres salles étant concentrés dans celle-ci.Mais les portraits ainsi mis en évidence sont partagés entre un portrait de la royauté, traditionnel et stéréotypé, et le portrait du roi. Ils se situent également entre deux conceptions du temps, le premier circulaire, manifesté par les images faisant le tour des salles, ainsi que par l’inscription des Fastes chez Sargon II racontant les campagnes militaires du roi selon un découpage géographique, et un temps linéaire, manifesté par les textes des Annales.Le portrait du roi se ferait ainsi dans ce temps linéaire, et le portrait de la royauté dans le temps cyclique, les événements s’y reproduisant, sources de traditions, comme la forme des salles du trône, les thèmes utilisés et les conventions employées dans la représentation. Le portrait du roi se manifestant dans le choix de tel ou tel thème au détriment des autres, comme les scènes rituelles sous Assurnazirpal II, qui laissent la place à la chasse au lion sous Assurbanipal, concrétisant un éloignement du rituel dans les images entamé sous Sargon II
This work presents a new analysis of low reliefs of neo-Assyrian palaces from the first millennium B.C. It combines a spatial analysis, based on 3D restitutions of Assurnazirpal II and Sargon II palaces, which permits to replace images in the architecture, and a semiological analysis.Structural analysis of images associated with a semantic study of texts present in palaces too, permits to demonstrate that the decoration and texts make portraits of kings. Throne rooms are synthesis of these portraits, as centre of the palace and kingdom, themes of images in other rooms being concentrated in this one.But these portraits are divided between a portrait of royalty, traditional and stereotyped, and the portrait of the king. They are so between two conceptions of time. One circular, shows by images going round rooms, and by the Display Inscription from the palace of Sargon II which tells of king’s military campaigns according to a geographical cutting. The other time is linear, as showed in annals of kings.The portrait of the king would take place in this linear time, and the portrait of kingship in the cyclical one, events to recur in, sources of traditions, like the throne room plans, themes used and conventions employed in representations. The portrait of the king isapparent in themes chosen among the others. So, ritual scenes with Assurnazirpal II left place to hunt scenes with Assurbanipal, who concretizes a distance with ritual images started under Sargon II