To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Role-based performance.
Books on the topic 'Role-based performance'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 books for your research on the topic 'Role-based performance.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hall, JR, ed. ASTM's Role in Performance-Based Fire Codes and Standards. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1377-eb.
Full text
2
Fardis, Michael N., and Zoran T. Rakicevic, eds. Role of Seismic Testing Facilities in Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1977-4.
Full text
3
Hartman, Ronald J. The role of performance-based measures in allocating funding for transit operations. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1994.
Find full text
4
Snyder-Penner, Russel. The role of religion in private school performance: Implications for voucher based reform. [Toronto]: Centre for the Study of State & Market, Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 1996.
Find full text
5
Timar, Sebastian, Robb Varani, Brian Townsend, and Wayne MacKenzie. NextGen for Airports, Volume I: Understanding the Airport’s Role in Performance-Based Navigation: Resource Guide. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/23574.
Full text
6
Ko, Caroline Hee-Jeung. The role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in temporal gating of performance on a reward-based learning and memory task. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2001.
Find full text
7
Astm's Role in Performance-Based Fire Codes and Standards. ASTM International, 1999.
Find full text
8
Mark, Wilson, De Zafra Dorothea E, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Information technology security training requirements : a role- and performance-based model. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.
Find full text
9
Mark, Wilson, De Zafra Dorothea E, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Information technology security training requirements: A role- and performance-based model. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.
Find full text
10
Information technology security training requirements: A role- and performance-based model. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.
Find full text
11
Mark, Wilson, De Zafra Dorothea E, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Information technology security training requirements: A role- and performance-based model. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.
Find full text
12
Fardis, Michael N., and Zoran T. Rakicevic. Role of Seismic Testing Facilities in Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering: SERIES Workshop. Ingramcontent, 2013.
Find full text
13
Norton, M. Scott. Competency-Based Leadership: A Guide for High Performance in the Role of the School Principal. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2013.
Find full text
14
Norton, M. Scott. Competency-Based Leadership: A Guide for High Performance in the Role of the School Principal. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2013.
Find full text
15
The Role of High Performance Computing in Simulation Based Acquisition: A Case Study Based on Experiences in the RAH-66 Comanche Program. Storming Media, 2001.
Find full text
16
Sieleunou, Isidore, Anne-Marie Turcotte-Tremblay, Habakkuk Azinyui Yumo, Estelle Kouokam, Jean-Claude Taptue Fotso, Denise Magne Tamga, and Valery Ridde. Transferring the Purchasing Role from International to National Organizations During the Scale-Up Phase of Performance-Based Financing in Cameroon. Taylor and Francis, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/26641.
Full text
17
Berkel, Hanna, and Finn Tarp. Informality and firm performance in Myanmar. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/930-3.
Full textAbstract:
Using a novel panel survey of enterprises in Myanmar, we compare the performance of manufacturing firms by three different informality definitions. The first is binary, based on whether firms pay taxes. The second captures five categories of registration with the authorities, and the third definition relates to three groupings of the informality status of a firm’s workers. Depending on the informality concept used, formalization has positive, insignificant, and negative performance outcomes. However, our analysis shows that independent of the informality definition, differences between formalizers and non-formalizers are mostly because of disparities in the number of employees, capital, and use of power-driven machinery. Education, business practices, gender, location, and sector only play a role for some of the definitions and performance variables.
18
Kane, Robert L., and Thomas D. Parsons, eds. The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234737.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Neuropsychology as a field has been slow to embrace and exploit the potential offered by technology to either make the assessment process more efficient or to develop new capabilities that augment the assessment of cognition. The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology details current efforts to use technology to enhance cognitive assessment with an emphasis on developing expanded capabilities for clinical assessment. The first sections of the book provide an overview of current approaches to computerized assessment along with newer technologies to assess behavior. The next series of chapters explores the use of novel technologies and approaches in cognitive assessment as they relate to developments in telemedicine, mobile health, and remote monitoring including developing smart environments. While still largely office-based, health care is increasingly moving out of the office with an increased emphasis on connecting patients with providers, and providers with other providers, remotely. Chapters also address the use of technology to enhance cognitive rehabilitation by implementing conceptually-based games to teach cognitive strategies and virtual environments to measure outcomes. Next, the chapters explore the use of virtual reality and scenario-based assessment to capture critical aspects of performance not assessed by traditional means and the implementation of neurobiological metrics to enhance patient assessment. Chapters also address the use of imaging to better define cognitive skills and assessment methods along with the integration of cognitive assessment with imaging to define the functioning of brain networks. The final section of the book discusses the ethical and methodological considerations needed for adopting advanced technologies for neuropsychological assessment. Authored by numerous leading figures in the field of neuropsychology, this volume emphasizes the critical role that virtual environments, neuroimaging, and data analytics will play as clinical neuropsychology moves forward in the future.
19
Andres, Michael, and Mauro Pesenti. Finger-based representation of mental arithmetic. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.028.
Full textAbstract:
Human beings are permanently required to process the world numerically and, consequently, to perform computations to adapt their behaviour and they have developed various calculation strategies, some of them based on specific manipulations of the fingers. In this chapter, we argue that the way we express physically numerical concepts by raising fingers while counting leads to embodied representations of numbers and calculation procedures in the adult brain. To illustrate this, we focus on number and finger interactions in the context of simple arithmetic operations. We show that the fixed order of fingers on the hand provides human beings with unique facilities to increment numerical changes or represent a cardinal value while solving arithmetic problems. In order to specify the influence of finger representation on mental arithmetic both at the cognitive and neural level, we review past and recent findings from behavioural, electrophysiological, and brain imaging studies. We start with anthropological and developmental data showing the role of fingers in the acquisition of arithmetic knowledge, then address the issue of whether number and finger interactions are also observed in adults solving arithmetic problems mentally. We suggest that arithmetic performance depends on the integrity of finger representations in children and adults. Finally, we overview the results of recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies showing a common brain substrate for finger and number representations during and after the acquisition of arithmetic skills.
20
Cook, Nicholas. Seeing Sound, Hearing the Body. Edited by Yael Kaduri. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199841547.013.7.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter argues that visual and embodied dimensions of performance are integral to the experience of live music. The author describes this as the “old multimedia,” since the principles of intermedial alignment and meaning production in performance are in essence the same as in the “new multimedia” that forms the dominant mode of music consumption in the twenty-first century. The chapter largely consists of an extended case study based on two filmed performances by Glenn Gould of the first movement of Anton Webern’sPiano Variations, Op. 27. It addresses the role in Gould’s interpretations of hand lifts, body sway, and other physical gestures; the way in which his interpretation changed over time, as evidenced not only by these filmed performances but also by his audio recordings; the differences between interpretations designed for film and for sound recording; and what all this implies about the relationship between composer and performer.
21
Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Host-associated microbiota. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
DNA-based approaches have enabled the multifaceted role of microbes for the fitness and performance of their host to be revealed. The increasing recognition of the crucial role of microorganisms for the fitness and performance of plants and animals has led to the concepts of holobiont (i.e., a host and its microbiota), and hologenome (i.e., the collective genomes of a holobiont). Here a brief review is provided of the advances that have been made in this field by using DNA-based approaches. Chapter 16 “Host-associated microbiota” summarizes this area of research by presenting past and recent major findings, as well as new research avenues for unraveling host-microbiota interactions in non-model animals and plants.
22
Spiers, Emily. The Pop-Feminist Subject. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820871.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 1 explores how pop-feminist accounts of subjectivity draw heavily upon poststructuralist understandings of identity as pluralistic and unstable. Many pop-feminists, however, retain the assumption that, underlying the playful performance of shifting identities, there remains a sovereign subject capable of mediating reflexively and autonomously over such performances. Spiers shows how this ‘sovereign’, yet ‘performative’ pop-feminist subject is profoundly linked to the ideal flexible, entrepreneurial self of neoliberalism. She then develops a counter model of subjectivity and agency based on an ethics of intersubjective relationality, reflecting on the role narrative plays within the theories of subjectification that seek to carve out a space for agency away from the binary of social determinism and prediscursive subjective sovereignty, a binary much pop-feminist non-fiction and life narrative ultimately reverts to. This underpins Spiers’s claim that the literary fiction discussed generates a more probing exploration of selfhood and agency than the pop-feminist non-fiction and life narrative.
23
Lucas, Glaura. Drums in the Experience of Black Catholicism in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Edited by Jonathan Dueck and Suzel Ana Reily. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859993.013.11.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the role of the drums and their music in the formation and development of an Afro-Christian ritual called congado, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Being the main means for social interactions, music is viewed as a privileged context for the protection, reconstruction, performance, and transmission of spiritual and other cultural knowledge among Africans and their descendants since colonial times, and thus for the reinterpretation of the Catholic faith. Historical and contemporary forms of the congado ritual are discussed, based on ethnographic research of present-day rituals, on a study of the literature on Bantu cultures and on slavery in Brazil, and on analysis of the drums’ performances. The main argument is that music has been used by participants as a conscious means of cultural resistance and survival, being a strategic context for keeping interactions and exchanges with their ancestors as well as for intra-group communication and social relations.
24
Aguilar-Torres, Río. Assessment of left atrial function. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
The left atrium (LA) plays an important role in cardiovascular performance, not only as a mechanical contributor, elastic reservoir, and a primer for left ventricular filling, but also as a participant in the regulation of intravascular volume through the production of atrial natriuretic peptide.Although LA diameter in the parasternal long-axis view has been routinely employed, LA volume is a more robust marker for predicting events than LA areas or diameters. The assessment of LA performance based on two-dimensional volumetrics, Doppler evaluation of mitral, pulmonary vein flow, and annular tissue Doppler, as well as deformation imaging techniques, may provide incremental information for prognostic purposes and for the evaluation of severity and duration of conditions associated with LA overload.The aims of this chapter are to explain the basics of LA function, and to describe the role of Doppler echocardiography techniques, and how to implement them, for the non-invasive evaluation of LA in clinical practice.
25
Bauer, Ulrike, Reinhard Jetter, and Simon Poppinga. Non-motile traps. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0015.
Full textAbstract:
Movement-independent trapping mechanisms are based on stickiness, slipperiness, and direction-dependent mechanical obstruction. Here, the implementation of these principles in flypaper, pitfall, and eel traps is discussed in the light of recent scientific advances. The chemical composition and rheological properties of trapping fluids, and the (micro-) morphology of trapping surfaces, are related to their functions. Recent discoveries including the role of surface wettability in prey capture by pitcher plants are presented, and the ecological implications of temporal variations of trap performance and promising directions for future research are discussed.
26
Phelan, Helen. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190672225.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter introduces the core theme of the book: an exploration of the singing voice in ritual contexts and its potential role in facilitating experiences of belonging. Set against the backdrop of “the new Ireland” of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, it charts Ireland’s growing multiculturalism, changing patterns of migration, the diminishing influence of Catholicism, and synergies between local and global forms of cultural expression in its investigation of rights and rites of belonging. It introduces the structure of the book, with each chapter exploring a range of religious, educational, civic, and community-based rituals, as well as theoretical engagement with one of five core characteristic of singing: resonance, somatics, performance, temporality, and tacitness. This weave of somatically and ethnographically grounded experience with theoretical discourse proposes ritually framed singing as a key site for the negotiation and performance of belonging.
27
Spelman, Henry. Secondary Audiences. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821274.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter I lays the groundwork by showing how Pindar’s epinicians, despite being occasional poetry, take into account audiences beyond their first performance. Using the texts themselves as evidence, it first shows how Pindar’s poems anticipate and accommodate secondary audiences. Two sections then examine types of knowledge necessary for understanding the poems: first, knowledge of debut performance contexts; secondly, knowledge of external data including public history, individual circumstances, and mythological traditions. The conclusion emerges that knowledge available to debut audiences but unavailable to secondary audiences is largely inessential for understanding and appreciating Pindar’s poetry. Section 3 addresses the question of Pindar’s difficulty while section 4 considers the role of written texts in the reception of his work. The odes’ complexity provides an impetus, not an obstacle, to their later reception. The evidence for a text-based literary culture in Pindar’s day is cumulatively stronger than is sometimes supposed.
28
Fiorino, Daniel J. Inequality and Green Growth. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190605803.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the role of economic inequality in influencing a society’s capacity for ecological protection and green growth. Its premise is that for two similar political systems differing only in their degree of inequality, the less unequal one will have advantages. Although there still is limited research on the role of income and wealth inequality in influencing ecological performance, evidence suggests that more economically equitable societies hold an advantage. This is partly due to economic factors, such as the tendency in more unequal societies to promote consumption based on status competition and positional goods, but there is evidence of political and social factors as well. High economic inequality increases social mistrust and distance, which undermines the ability to collectively value public goods. Any green growth strategy should account for the sources of and effects of inequality.
29
Karoly, Paul. A Goal-Centered, Self-Regulatory Model of Motivation and Its Relevance for Advancing the Study of Chronic Pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter presents an account of goal constructs and of self-regulatory processes as critical mediators and/or moderators of chronic pain’s effects on diverse aspects of human performance and adjustment. The joint influence of goal cognition and the assorted mechanisms of self-regulation provides a unique platform for adaptive failure or vulnerability when operating at low levels of effectiveness and efficiency, and for adaptive resilience when functioning at its peak. Organized around a motivational model dubbed the Goal-Centered, Self-Regulatory, Automated, Social Systems Psychology (GRASSP) perspective, the chapter considers the nature, functioning, and measurement of goals and a variety of potentially supportive regulatory mechanisms. Illustrating the explanatory and heuristic potency of a motivational framework, the chapter addresses both the deleterious effects of persistent pain on goal-related thinking and striving and the facilitative role of effective goal-based self-regulation in maintaining day-to-day performance and well-being in the face of chronic pain.
30
Head, Paul D. The Choral Experience. Edited by Frank Abrahams and Paul D. Head. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199373369.013.3.
Full textAbstract:
Much has changed in the choral rehearsal room over the past two generations, particularly in regard to the role the choral conductor assumes—or commands—in the rehearsal process. This chapter discusses the ever-evolving stereotypical roles of the conductor, while examining alternatives to traditional leadership models with particular emphasis on the encouragement of student engagement and peer-based learning. In addition to the facilitation of collaborative learning exercises, the chapter outlines a specific process of written interaction with the choral ensemble. This section is inspired by the renowned “Dear People” letters of Robert Shaw. Finally, in response to the recently revised National Standards for Music Education in the United States, the author discusses possible implementation of the Standards in a performance-based classroom. In the shadow of the relatively recent phenomena of collegiate a cappella groups, these student ensembles have created a new paradigm for peer-led instruction.
31
Carlson, Marvin. 3. Theatre and drama. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199669820.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
‘Theatre and drama’ considers the source and status of the material performed on stage, whether it originates as a written text or not. Improvisation is seen in many cultures and is recorded in China and the Middle East centuries before any written dramatic texts are found. Community theatre based on improvisation and audience participation remains popular in the non-Western world where oral traditions are strong. The wider publication of dramatic texts from the 17th century and the strict regulation of their performance played a significant role in Western theatre development. Drama and theatre, as studied at university, and the impact of postdramatic theatre, as described by Hans‐Thies Lehmann, are also discussed.
32
Holt, Melissa K., Jennifer Greif Green, and Javier Guzman. School Settings. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.40.
Full textAbstract:
Schools are a primary setting for mental health service provision to youth and are also main sources of referral to community mental health service providers. This chapter examines the school context and its key role in the child and adolescent mental health services system. The chapter first provides information about the association of emotional and behavioral disorders with school experiences, including academic performance. Next, the chapter presents a framework for mental health service provision and assessment in schools, including describing methods for identifying students who might need mental health services and tracking their progress. Further, several evidence-based interventions are highlighted as examples of effective practices in schools. The chapter concludes with recommendations for clinical practice in school settings.
33
Mathiesen, Amber, and Kali Roy. Prenatal Screening. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681098.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides information about a genetic counselor’s role in prenatal screening, including discussing and offering options to a patient, interpreting and providing results, or managing referrals based on abnormal results. It discusses how a screen is evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and personal utility. It provides a detailed description of both maternal serum screening and cell-free DNA testing. The maternal serum screening discussion includes information on multiples of median, calculating risk, timing, pattern association, limitations, and follow-up. The review of cell-free DNA testing includes fetal fraction, methodology, test performance, limitations and considerations for testing, and follow-up. This chapter also provides a list of additional resources to use for cell-free DNA testing.
34
Bramoullé, Yann, Andrea Galeotti, and Brian W. Rogers, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948277.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This handbook represents the frontier of research into the economics of networks: how and why they form, how they influence behavior, how they help govern outcomes in an interactive world, and how they shape collective decision making, opinion formation, and diffusion dynamics. From a methodological perspective, the authors devote attention to theory, field experiments, laboratory experiments, and econometrics. Theoretical work in network formation, games played on networks, repeated games, and the interaction between linking and behavior are synthesized. A number of chapters are devoted to studying social processes mediated by networks. Topics here include opinion formation, diffusion of information and disease, and learning. There are also chapters devoted to financial contagion and systemic risk. Next, the handbook includes a section that discusses communities more generally, with applications including social trust, favor exchange, and social collateral; the importance of communities for migration patterns, and the role that networks and communities play in the labor market. A prominent role of networks, from an economic perspective, is that they mediate trade. Several chapters cover bilateral trade in networks, strategic intermediation, and the role of networks in international trade. The handbook also discusses the role of networks for organizations. One chapter discusses the role of networks for the performance of organizations, while two other chapters discuss managing networks of consumers and pricing in the presence of network-based spillovers. Finally, the handbook covers the Internet as a network, with attention to the issue of net neutrality.
35
Kirwan, Peter. Not-Shakespeare and the Shakespearean Ghost. Edited by James C. Bulman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199687169.013.19.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on the work of Marvin Carlson and Susan Bennett, this chapter interrogates the role of the broader canon of early modern drama, usually Jacobean, in shaping contemporary Shakespearean performance. Shakespeare and ‘not-Shakespeare’ are part of a binary that treats not-Shakespeare as both a supplement to the Shakespeare canon and a perversion or antithesis of it. This chapter analyses criticism of recent productions of Cardenio and ’Tis Pity She’s a Whore to show how a dominant interpretative paradigm based on Shakespeare skews readings of both Shakespeare and not-Shakespeare, yoking them to a limited selection of values and aesthetic priorities. Yet while not-Shakespeare remains defined by a negative, this chapter argues that a current shift in theatrical cultures is blurring previously established boundaries to productive effect.
36
Misra, Girishwar, ed. Psychology: Volume 3. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498864.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume Three of the survey, Psychology of Organizations, focusses on some of the important facets of organizational behaviour. Research in the work setting has observed that factors like family responsibilities, non-work events, and employment-related legislation also influence work behaviour. Today, technology is increasingly playing greater role in organizational settings and workplaces are becoming more and more diverse in their social compositions. In addition, work is increasingly being accomplished by teams rather than by single individuals. The performance in work settings is not determined by the mental and physical abilities but by other attributes such as personality, interpersonal skills, and emotional intelligence. Work is also becoming complex, as people who participate in the activities at workplace often interact in complex ways. In this scenario, worker motivation is becoming a key challenge as it influences organizational performance. This volume examines issues of motivation, performance, and leadership in Indian organizations, along with consumer concerns in India. It explicates the dynamics of organizational performance and analyses the impact of employees’ negative attitude, affect, and behaviour in the corporate setting. The contributors also study moral and ethical dimensions of the corporate life and look at the way consumption practices have evolved in contemporary India. This volume also presents a model of ethical leadership based on Guna theory and principle of Karma appropriate for Indian setting. It explores the potential of inspirational meta value for revamping the corporate functioning and overcoming corruption and other malpractices.
37
Buckenmaier, Chester C., Michael Kent, Jason C. Brookman, Patrick J. Tighe, Edward R. Mariano, and David Edwards, eds. Acute Pain Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190856649.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Acute Pain Medicine tackles a large array of diagnostic and treatment consideration across a variety of surgical and nonsurgical acute pain conditions. It reviews a variety of acute pain–modulating factors followed by interventional and pharmacologic treatment options. For each applicable condition, perineural and neuraxial considerations are given when appropriate along with nociceptive anatomic complements. Pharmacologic modalities are described, stressing the use of multimodal analgesia and a variety of opioid-based options if necessary. The book reviews cases that commonly are associated with significant acute pain but also highlight the role of acute pain medicine physicians in the postdischarge phase. Finally, the book includes a critical update of the Military Advanced Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia handbook. This update serves as an essential bedside tool in the performance of regional anesthetic techniques and their corresponding anatomic considerations.
38
Luo, Liang. The White Snake in Hong Kong Horror Cinema: from Horrific Tales to Crowd Pleasers. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424592.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Considered one of the four legends in the Chinese oral tradition, the legend of the White Snake and its theatrical and popular cultural metamorphoses played an important role in the pre-cinematic origins of Hong Kong horror cinema. This chapter surveys the changing representation of gender and horror in a series of films based on the White Snake legend from the 1920s to the 1970s. Centred on a very horrific concept (a monstrous snake disguised as a beauty and married to a human male), these films nonetheless enrich or even challenge our understanding of the genre of horror cinema in their service to a wide range of other genres: operatic performance, romantic melodrama, fantasy adventure, slapstick comedy, and social and political commentary. In addition to challenging the very concept of horror, this cluster of White Snake films poses further challenges to the idea of “Hong Kong cinema,” as it ranges from a Tokyo production, a Shanghai production, a Hong Kong-Japan coproduction, to a production based in Hong Kong with South Asian distributors, and a Hong Kong-Taiwan coproduction with a Shaw Brothers director.
39
Frey, Bruno S., and Jana Gallus. Types of Awards. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798507.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Awards serve to honour and motivate performance that goes ‘beyond the call of duty’ and thus indicates extra-role behaviours. Recipients may be persons, organizations, or even cities. Awards establish a special relationship between the recipient and the donor. Confirmatory awards are given based on clearly defined and observable achievements. They are similar to bonus pay. In contrast, discretionary award givers enjoy leeway in deciding whom to honour. This type of award acknowledges laudable behaviour ex post and is not a reward individuals normally expect to receive. Discretionary awards allow the givers to respond to the unexpected. Awards are highly appreciated by most recipients and, under most circumstances, are therefore in high demand. They signal appreciation and recognition, and may provide social status and entail material advantages. Awards may also raise the prospect of a more successful career and higher future income. There is an almost limitless demand for honours.
40
Seeman, Sonia Tamar. Sounding Roman. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199949243.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Sounding Roman traces the role of music performance in maintaining, shaping, and challenging ascribed social identities of Roman (“Gypsy”) groups, who constitute one of the most socially reviled and yet culturally romanticized minorities in Turkey. Roman communities have been a ubiquitous presence, contributing to social, cultural, and economic life since the Byzantine period in Anatolia up to the present. Alternately exoticized and reviled, Roman communities were valued for their occupational skills and entertainment services. Based on detailed historiographic study and twenty years of ethnographic work, this book examines the issue of cultural and musical representations for creating, maintaining, and contesting social identity practices through philosophical reflections on meaningful symbolic configurations in metaphoricity, iconicity, and mimesis paired with a sociological interrogation of unequal power relationships. Through these lenses, the book investigates the potential of musical performance to configure new social identities and open pathways for political action, while exploring the limits of cultural representation to effect meaningful social change. The book begins with historical representations of çingene as a marked ethnic and social group during the Byzantine to late Ottoman Empire. It then traces how such constructions were revised during the period of the modern Turkish Republic through the creation of a commercial musical genre, the Roman dance tune (Roman oyun havası). The book includes a companion website with illustrative texts, images, and audio examples.
41
Wunsch, Hannah, and Andrew A. Kramer. The role and limitations of scoring systems. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0028.
Full textAbstract:
Scoring systems for critically-ill patients provide a measure of the severity of illness of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). They are primarily based on patient characteristics, physiological derangement, and/or clinical assessments. Severity scores themselves allow for risk-adjusting outcomes, but they can also be used to provide a prediction of the overall risk of death, length of stay, or other outcome for critically ill patients. This allows for comparison of outcomes between different cohorts of patients or between observed and predicted ICU performance. There are a number of general ICU scoring systems that are in use. All scoring systems have limitations. Future scoring systems may include prediction of longer-term outcomes, and assimilation of granular data temporally and at the molecular level that could result in more personalized severity scores to help guide individual care decisions.
42
Shay, Anthony, and Barbara Sellers-Young, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Dance and Ethnicity. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199754281.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Dance intersects with ethnicity in a powerful variety of ways and in a broad set of venues. Dance practices and attitudes about ethnicity have sometimes been the source of outright discord, such as when African Americans were—and sometimes still are—told that their bodies are “not right” for ballet, when Anglo Americans painted their faces black to perform in minstrel shows, when nineteenth-century Christian missionaries banned the performance of particular native dance traditions throughout much of Polynesia, and when the Spanish conquistadors and church officials banned sacred Aztec dance rituals. The Oxford Handbook of Dance and Ethnicity brings together scholars from across the globe to investigate what it means to define oneself in an ethnic category and how this category is performed and represented by dance as an ethnicity. The chapters in the book place a reflective lens on dance and its context to examine the role of dance as performed embodiment of the historical moments and associated lived identities. In bringing modern dance and ballet into the conversation alongside forms more often considered ethnic, the chapters ask the reader to contemplate previous categories of folk, ethnic, classical, and modern. From this standpoint, the book considers how dance maintains, challenges, resists, or in some cases evolves new forms of identity based on prior categories. Ultimately, the goal of the book is to acknowledge the depth of research that has been undertaken and to promote continued research and conceptualization of dance and its role in the creation of ethnicity.
43
Morel, Domingo. Takeover. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678975.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
State takeovers of local school districts emerged in the late 1980s. Although many major U.S. cities have experienced state takeovers of their local school districts, we know little about the political causes and consequences of state takeovers. Relying on historical analysis, case studies, and quantitative analysis, the book offers the first systematic study of state takeovers of local school districts. It shows that although the justifications for state takeovers have generally been based on concerns with poor academic performance, questions of race and political power played a critical role in the emergence of state takeovers of local school districts. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the book demonstrates that under certain conditions, state takeovers can help marginalized populations in their efforts to gain political empowerment. However, in most cases, state takeovers have negative political consequences for communities of color, particularly black communities. A central claim of the book is that efforts to strengthen state governments in the 1970s were a response to the rise of black political empowerment in American cities. As states gained greater powers, urban localities became increasingly subjected to state intervention. The emergence of state takeovers of local school districts in the 1980s was a consequence of the increasing authority of state governments.
44
Barrett, Christopher B., and Erin C. Lentz. Food Insecurity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.438.
Full textAbstract:
Food plays an essential role in performance and well-being. Apart from its physiological necessity, food is also a source of pleasure. Since both biological needs for food and psychic satisfaction from food vary considerably among and within populations, coming up with precise, operationalizable measures of food security have proved problematic. Furthermore, the concept of food security encompasses not only current nutritional status but also vulnerability to future disruptions in one’s access to adequate and appropriate food. The complexity of the concept of food security has given rise to scores, if not hundreds, of different definitions of the term “food security.” As a result, there have also been variations in thinking about the proximate manifestations and direct and indirect causes and consequences of “food insecurity,” the complement to “food security.” Food security is commonly conceptualized as resting on three pillars that are inherently hierarchical: availability, access, and utilization. Some agencies, such as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), have added a fourth dimension: stability. Food insecurity is often used interchangeably with the terms “hunger,” “undernutrition,” and “malnutrition.” Threats to food insecurity may be classified as either “covariate” or “idiosyncratic.” Based on these threats, various interventions have been implemented to promote food security by means of increasing availability (improving agricultural productivity), promoting access (economic growth and assistance programs such as food stamps or vouchers, food aid delivery, food banks, school lunch programs), or improving utilization (supplementary feeding programs, therapeutic feeding programs).
45
Pryce, Paula. The Monk's Cell. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680589.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Based on long-term ethnographic research with Christian monastics in the United States and a dispersed network of interdenominational non-monastic Christian contemplatives, The Monk’s Cell shows how religious practitioners combined social action and intentional living with intellectual study and inter-religious practices to modify their ways of knowing, sensing, and experiencing the world. Paula Pryce developed innovative “intersubjective” fieldwork methods to explore how these opaque, often silent communities practiced a paradoxical combination of formalized ritual and intentional “unknowing” to cultivate a powerful sense of communion in everyday life. Organized by the metaphor of a seeker journeying toward the inner chambers of a monastic chapel, the book explores the fine details of how “communitas” actually occurs, including the relationship of agency and habitual behavior in practitioners’ attempts at transforming consciousness. Depicting the interplay of social diversity and cohesiveness in the unwieldy dynamism of pluralistic society, The Monk’s Cell develops a novel theory of variable knowledge types, including the key role of ambiguity. These American Christians’ ability to fuse so many spheres of knowledge and to live contemplatively challenges the often taken-for-granted segregation of the religious and the secular in the contemporary world. This study contributes to the anthropologies and epistemologies of Christianity, perception, and embodiment. It extends American ethnography by its use of new methods for studying silence, ritual, and performance, and by focusing on a highly educated, professional Euro-American community that is rarely the subject of ethnographic research and is often assumed to be the demographic most likely to reject religion.
46
Cole, Emma. Postdramatic Tragedies. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817680.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Ancient tragedy has played a well-documented role in contemporary theatre since the mid-twentieth century. In addition to the often-commented-upon watershed productions, however, is a significant but overlooked history involving classical tragedy in experimental and avant-garde theatre. Postdramatic Tragedies focuses upon such experimental reinventions. It analyses receptions of Greek and Roman tragedy that come under the banner of ‘postdramatic theatre’, a style of performance in which the traditional components of drama, such as character and narrative, are subordinate to the immediate, affective power of more abstract elements, such as image and sound. The book is in three parts, each of which explores classical reception within a specific strand of postdramatic theatre: text-based theatre, devised theatre, and theatre that transcends the usual boundaries of time and space, such as durational and immersive theatre. Across the three sections the author conducts a semiotic and phenomenological analysis of seven case studies, of productions from 1995 to 2015 from the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, and Continental Europe. The book covers a mixture of widely known productions, such as Sarah Kane’s Phaedra’s Love, alongside works largely unknown in Anglophone scholarship, such as Martin Crimp’s Alles Weitere kennen Sie aus dem Kino and Jan Fabre’s Mount Olympus. It reveals that postdramatic theatre is related to the classics at its conceptual core, and that the study of postdramatic tragedies reveals a great deal about both the evolution of theatre in recent decades, and the status of ancient drama in modernity.
47
Tholen, Gerbrand. Graduate Work. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744481.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The expansion of higher education (HE) has been one of the most important changes to affect Western labour markets. More than a third of all British workers are now degree holders. The graduate labour market is often understood as that part of the labour market characterized by high skills and high knowledge intensity and required in an increasingly complex economy. HE is presumed to be the developer of these advanced skills. Yet with the graduatization of the workforce come growing concerns about as well as misunderstanding of what jobs graduates occupy, how they utilize their skills, and education’s role within graduate work and the competition for jobs. The book examines some of the assumptions placed on graduate work, graduate jobs, graduate skills, and graduate careers. It provides valuable insights into how we can understand the meaning of graduate work within a rapidly changing economic, technological, and organizational context. Based on in-depth qualitative case studies on software developers, financial analysts, laboratory scientists, and press officers, the book shows that the graduate labour market is more heterogeneous than often is understood. What counts as graduate work remains contested and under constant reinterpretation and renegotiation. Also, access to work, job performance, and career advancement are not necessarily driven by university qualifications and skills associated with HE. The book begins to explore how, and to what extent, those workers with university degrees are defined by their educational experiences, status, and qualifications, mounting a powerful critique against the idealization of graduate work.
48
Schmidt, Vivien A. Europe's Crisis of Legitimacy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797050.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Expectations are high regarding the potential benefits of public–private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure development in poor countries. The development community, led by the G20, the United Nations, and others, expects PPPs to help with “transformational” megaprojects as well as efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). But PPPs have been widely used only since the 1990s. The discussion of PPPs is still dominated by best-practice guidance, academic studies that focus on developed countries, or ideological criticism. Meanwhile, practitioners have quietly accumulated a large body of empirical evidence on PPP performance. The purpose of this book is to summarize and consolidate what this critical mass of evidence-based research says about PPPs in low-income countries (LICs) and thereby develop a more realistic perspective on the practical value of these mechanisms. The focus of the book is on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), home to most of the world’s poorest countries, although insights from other regions and more affluent developing countries are also included. Case studies of many of the best-known PPPs in Africa are used to illustrate these findings. This book demonstrates that PPPs have not met expectations in poor countries, and are only sustainable if many of the original defining characteristics of PPPs are changed. PPPs do have a small but meaningful role to play, but only if expectations remain modest and projects are subject to transparent evaluation and competition. Experiments with PPP mechanisms underway in some countries suggest ways in which PPPs may be evolving to better realize benefits in poor countries.
49
Leigland, James. Public-Private Partnerships in Sub-Saharan Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861829.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Expectations are high regarding the potential benefits of public–private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure development in poor countries. The development community, led by the G20, the United Nations, and others, expects PPPs to help with “transformational” megaprojects as well as efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). But PPPs have been widely used only since the 1990s. The discussion of PPPs is still dominated by best-practice guidance, academic studies that focus on developed countries, or ideological criticism. Meanwhile, practitioners have quietly accumulated a large body of empirical evidence on PPP performance. The purpose of this book is to summarize and consolidate what this critical mass of evidence-based research says about PPPs in low-income countries (LICs) and thereby develop a more realistic perspective on the practical value of these mechanisms. The focus of the book is on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), home to most of the world’s poorest countries, although insights from other regions and more affluent developing countries are also included. Case studies of many of the best-known PPPs in Africa are used to illustrate these findings. This book demonstrates that PPPs have not met expectations in poor countries, and are only sustainable if many of the original defining characteristics of PPPs are changed. PPPs do have a small but meaningful role to play, but only if expectations remain modest and projects are subject to transparent evaluation and competition. Experiments with PPP mechanisms underway in some countries suggest ways in which PPPs may be evolving to better realize benefits in poor countries.
50
Llano, Samuel. Discordant Notes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199392469.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Scholarship on urban culture and the senses has traditionally focused on the study of literature and the visual arts. Recent decades have seen a surge of interest in the effects of sound on the urban space and its population. These studies analyze how sound generates identities that are often fragmentary and mutually conflicting. They have also explored the rise of campaigns against the negative effects of noise on the nerves and health of the population. However, little research has been carried out on the impact of sound and music in areas of broader social and political concern, such as social aid, hygiene, and social control. Based on a detailed study of Madrid from the 1850s to the 1930s, this book argues that sound and music have played a key role in structuring the transition to modernity by helping to negotiate social attitudes and legal responses to problems such as poverty, insalubrity, and crime. Attempts to control the social groups that own unwanted musical practices such as organ-grinding and flamenco performances in taverns raised awareness about public hygiene, alcoholism, and crime and triggered legal reform in these areas. In addition to marginalizing and persecuting these musical practices, the authorities and the media used workhouse bands as instruments of social control to spread “aural hygiene” across the city and wipe out unwanted musical practices.