To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Roller chain.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Roller chain'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Roller chain.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Colls, R. "Analysis of high speed roller chain drives." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275592.
Full text
2
Stephenson, Robin. "Analysing the dynamic loads in a high speed timing chain." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366783.
Full text
3
Mazánek, Jan. "Návrh krokovacího roštu k odhrotovacím strojům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318736.
Full textAbstract:
This master’s thesis is focused on design of stepper conveyor, that is used for transport od round bars of lengths from 3 m to 12 m and diameters from 20 mm to 100 mm between chamfering machines. It is a machinery assembled from chain conveyors and roller conveyors, which allows transverse and lengthwise movement of bars. The main goal was reduction of energetic demands compared to present solution of conveyor.
4
Dombeck, Uwe. "Beitrag zur Dimensionierung von Fördersystemen mit Staurollenketten." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-109852.
Full textAbstract:
Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Untersuchung der Beanspruchungen von Staurollenketten. Zunächst wurde in den Grundlagen der Aufbau von unterschiedlichen Staurollenkettenarten dargestellt, die Eigenschaften miteinander verglichen und kategorisiert. Aufbauend auf dem anschließend geschaffenen Verständnis der wirkenden Reibpaarungen bzw. -arten wurden FEM-Analysen durchgeführt, um dadurch auftretende Spannungen zu detektieren und das thermische Verhalten der unterschiedlichen Werkstoffpaarungen zu ermitteln. Innerhalb der praktischen Versuche der Arbeit kam es zur Ermittlung der Bruch- und Dauerfestigkeiten nach ISO15654 [DIN04]. Zur Untersuchung der Eigenschaften der Ketten unter praxisnahen Randbedingungen wurde ein Versuchsstand konzipiert, welcher die Ermittlung von Kennwerten zwei unterschiedlicher Kettengrößen unter härtesten Bedingungen ermöglicht. Durch diesen Versuchsstand wurden die Staukraft, die Kettenzugkraft durch das Drehmoment am Antrieb, die Kettengeschwindigkeit, die Kettenlängung und das Temperaturverhalten dauerhaft überwacht. Im letzten Kapitel der Arbeit wurde eine Überwachungsstation für unterschiedliche Baugrößen von Staurollenketten entwickelt und die Funktionsweise durch Versuche nachgewiesenThis dissertation is dealing with the investigation of the load behaviour of accumulation roller chains. Initially, the structures of different types of accumulation roller chains are described, properties are compared and categorised. Based on the created understanding of acting tribological pairing and friction mechanisms, FEM analysis have been performed to evaluate occurring stresses and determine the thermal behaviour of the various material combinations. Within the testing procedures, breaking strength and fatigue strength have been investigated in accordance with DIN ISO 15654 [cf. DIN04]. A test bench has been developed for practically relevant testing of the chains, where determination of characteristic values can be done under hard testing conditions for two different chain types. The test bench ensures measurement and survey of accumulation forces, tensile chain forces (by torque moment at drive), chain speed, chain elongation and chain temperature during whole testing time. The last chapter of the dissertation deals with the development of a 'control and monitoring unit' for accumulation roller chains with various dimensions including proof of function by trials
5
Florián, Michal. "Návrh paletizačního manipulátoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229295.
Full textAbstract:
The matter of this master´s thesis is the construction of two variations of manipulator for palletization. The first solution is the derrick manipulator; the second one is the gantry manipulator. The aim of this master´s thesis is the comparison of both solutions from the point of view of the applicability, the cost and the demandingness of production. The productinon documentation will be elaborated for the selected solution.
6
Stoklásek, Tomáš. "Návrh konstrukčního řešení automatického podavače tablarů pro skladovací systém SLL LogiMat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241722.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is automatic movable shelves feeder design. the feeder is part of vertical lift storage system Logimat Total weight of movable shelf is 760 kg. The technical report contains feeder design calculation, feeder’s main parts strength calculation and the design of the way of picking the movable shelf from the storage lift. The report also contains feeder’s frame strength analysis using finite element method and sensor design for motion control.
7
Dosedla, Milan. "Návrh systému pohonu elevátoru skladovacího systému LogiMat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230085.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis deals with the design of the new elevator drive for storage system Logimat. Diploma is focused to design a new drive for a load up to 1200 kg and to adapt the elevator frame to the new drive design. In the first part is done research for suitable drive systems. There are followed by design and stress analysis. The second part deals with appropriate roller chain parameters calculation and the power output of electric motors.
8
Čejda, Robert. "Mechanický čistící stroj." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228408.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of my diploma thesis is to design a construction of a mechanical fine rack cleaner machine including an appropriate design of gear mechanism and its attachment to the frame. The cleaner machine is located in the inflow system of a turbine in front of the object of small hydro power station. The design of the construction of the cleaner machine will be based on a drawing documentation and a report with needed analytic and FEM calculations.
9
Dítě, Michal. "Zvedací plošina." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241928.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with searches different types of lift tables. Create design of several lift tables with different drive of platform for load capacity 800 kg and stroke 700 mm. Compare this solution. Selection suitable alternatives of Kwapil & Co GmbH company. Drafting assembly drawings of several alternatives.
10
Horký, Pavel. "Návrh řetězového vlečníku s vytvářením dávky tyčí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382120.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis deals with the design of mechanism for manipulation with bars and creating a batch of square steel bars. In intoduction of this thesis is describtion of principle of curent mechanisms. In following chapters are described the most important parts of new mechanism and their design. In final sections are risk analysis and financial evaluation.
11
Groll, Marcus Weber Jürgen. "Koordination im Supply Chain Management : die Rolle von Macht und Vertrauen /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/394572424.pdf.
Full text
12
Wilhelm, Mirko. "Vertrauen im Supply Chain Management : die Rolle der Logistikdienstleister als Vertrauensbroker /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-2817-8.htm.
Full text
13
Wilhelm, Mirko. "Vertrauen im Supply-chain-Management die Rolle der Logistikdienstleister als Vertrauensbroker." Hamburg Kovač, 2006. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-2817-8.htm.
Full text
14
Hájek, Lukáš. "Návrh zdviže na palety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241159.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis is focused on the construction design of elevator for pallets with car seats weighing 200 kg. This device is proposed for vertical transport of the load between two working positions which are separated by 6m. Part of the pallet hoist is a roller conveyor attached on a lifting frame. The roller conveyor allows loading and unloading pallets from the fixed roller conveyors in the lower and upper station. There are the functional calculations of important parts, strength control of traction belt and shaft of driving pulley drum. By FEM (Finite Element Method) is detected stress distribution of the lifting frame. Parts of the annex are the manufacturing drawings of the lifting frame, shaft of driving drum, the driving station and drawing of the whole assembly vertical conveyor. Furthermore, the timing diagram function for one cycle, risk analysis and FMEA.
15
Lodge, Christopher James. "Theoretical and experimental studies of the mechanical behaviour of roller chains." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271778.
Full text
16
Groll, Marcus. "Koordination im Supply chain Management : die Rolle von Macht und Vertrauen /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015323933&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text
17
Jitpaiboon, Thawatchai. "The Roles of Information Systems Integration in the Supply Chain Integration Context - Firm Perspective." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1118331800.
Full text
18
El-Khoury, Hiba. "Introduction of New Products in the Supply Chain : Optimization and Management of Risks." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHEC0001/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les consommateurs d’aujourd’hui ont des goûts très variés et cherchent les produits les plus récents. Avec l’accélération technologique, les cycles de vie des produits se sont raccourcis et donc, de nouveaux produits doivent être introduits au marché plus souvent et progressivement, les anciens doivent y être retirés. L’introduction d’un nouveau produit est une source de croissance et d’avantage concurrentiel. Les directeurs du Marketing et Supply Chain se sont confrontés à la question de savoir comment gérer avec succès le remplacement de leurs produits et d’optimiser les coûts de la chaîne d’approvisionnement associée. Dans une situation idéale, la procédure de rollover est efficace et claire: l’ancien produit est vendu jusqu’à une date prévue où un nouveau produit est introduit. Dans la vie réelle, la situation est moins favorable. Le but de notre travail est d’analyser et de caractériser la politique optimale du rollover avec une date de disponibilitéstochastique pour l’introduction du nouveau produit sur le marché. Pour résoudre le problème d’optimisation,nous utilisons dans notre premier article deux mesures de minimisation: le coût moyen et le coût de la valeurconditionnelle à risque. On obtient des solutions en forme explicite pour les politiques optimales. En outre, nous caractérisons l’influence des paramètres de coûts sur la structure de la politique optimale. Dans cet esprit, nous analysons aussi le comportement de la politique de rollover optimale dans des contextes différents. Dans notre deuxième article, nous examinons le même problème mais avec une demande constante pour le premier produit et une demande linéaire au début puis constante pour le deuxième. Ce modèle est inspiré par la demande de Bass. Dans notre troisième article, la date de disponibilité du nouveau produit existe mais elle est inconnue. La seule information disponible est un ensemble historique d’échantillons qui sont tirés de la vraie distribution. Nous résoudrons le problème avec l’approche data drivenet nous obtenons des formulations tractables. Nous développons aussi des bornes sur le nombre d’échantillons nécessaires pour garantir qu’avec une forte probabilité, le coût n’est pas très loin du vrai coût optimalShorter product life cycles and rapid product obsolescence provide increasing incentives to introduce newproducts to markets more quickly. As a consequence of rapidly changing market conditions, firms focus onimproving their new product development processes to reap the benefits of early market entry. Researchershave analyzed market entry, but have seldom provided quantitative approaches for the product rolloverproblem. This research builds upon the literature by using established optimization methods to examine howfirms can minimize their net loss during the rollover process. Specifically, our work explicitly optimizes thetiming of removal of old products and introduction of new products, the optimal strategy, and the magnitudeof net losses when the market entry approval date of a new product is unknown. In the first paper, we use theconditional value at risk to optimize the net loss and investigate the effect of risk perception of the manageron the rollover process. We compare it to the minimization of the classical expected net loss. We deriveconditions for optimality and unique closed-form solutions for single and dual rollover cases. In the secondpaper, we investigate the rollover problem, but for a time-dependent demand rate for the second producttrying to approximate the Bass Model. Finally, in the third paper, we apply the data-driven optimizationapproach to the product rollover problem where the probability distribution of the approval date is unknown.We rather have historical observations of approval dates. We develop the optimal times of rollover and showthe superiority of the data-driven method over the conditional value at risk in case where it is difficult to guessthe real probability distribution
19
Sasai, Masaki, and Kazuhito Itoh. "Statistical mechanics of protein allostery: Roles of backbone and side-chain structural fluctuations." AIP, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20621.
Full text
20
El, KHOURY Hiba. "Introduction of New Products in the Supply Chain : Optimization and Management of Risks." Phd thesis, HEC, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00708801.
Full textAbstract:
Shorter product life cycles and rapid product obsolescence provide increasing incentives to introduce newproducts to markets more quickly. As a consequence of rapidly changing market conditions, firms focus onimproving their new product development processes to reap the benefits of early market entry. Researchershave analyzed market entry, but have seldom provided quantitative approaches for the product rolloverproblem. This research builds upon the literature by using established optimization methods to examine howfirms can minimize their net loss during the rollover process. Specifically, our work explicitly optimizes thetiming of removal of old products and introduction of new products, the optimal strategy, and the magnitudeof net losses when the market entry approval date of a new product is unknown. In the first paper, we use theconditional value at risk to optimize the net loss and investigate the effect of risk perception of the manageron the rollover process. We compare it to the minimization of the classical expected net loss. We deriveconditions for optimality and unique closed-form solutions for single and dual rollover cases. In the secondpaper, we investigate the rollover problem, but for a time-dependent demand rate for the second producttrying to approximate the Bass Model. Finally, in the third paper, we apply the data-driven optimizationapproach to the product rollover problem where the probability distribution of the approval date is unknown.We rather have historical observations of approval dates. We develop the optimal times of rollover and showthe superiority of the data-driven method over the conditional value at risk in case where it is difficult to guessthe real probability distribution
21
Andersen, Alexander, and Ludvig Brewitz. "Collaboration within Supply Chains : Can conflicts be attributed to the different roles of logistics companies?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (CeLS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30259.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction – Supply chains increase in size and complexity, more actors are becoming involved and an increased collaboration among actors are a necessity. Still, undesired conflicts occurs and are unavoidable in a collaboration. There are ways to reduce the negative effects and improve management of conflicts provided by previous researchers focus on conflicts and conflict management in general. However, this thesis emphazises on investigating what conflicts that occur within different collaboration setups that can be attributed to the type of logistics company involved. Therefore, the following purpose is stated: Investigate what types of conflicts occurring during collaboration that can be attributed to the different roles of 3PL and 4PL companies. Methodology – To answer the purpose a single case study was conducted which involved a focal firm and its collaboration with two different logistics companies (a 3PL and a 4PL) within the same economical climate. Due to the uniqeness of the case, a multiple methods qualitative study was performed and to strengthen the validity of the data collected both documantary analysis as well as semi-structured interviews were conducted. Respondents were handpicked based on knowledge of both collaboration setups, to ensure quality of the data collected. Gathered data were sumarized and categorized using Mamad and Chahdi (2013) conflict factors, and later analyzed to accurately detect key points to generate a result and answer the research questions. Result – To summarize the result, findings of what we discovered through our data analysis generated similarites and differences in conflicts occurred within both collaboration setups. These conflicts are linked to Mamad and Chahdi (2013) conflicts factors regarding collaboration among actors, in order to clarify why and which conflict area these conflicts occurred in. Analysis – From the conflicts identified in the result, further analysis were conducted. Where, previous literature regarding logistics companies (3pl and 4PL) were applied in order to enable attribution of conflicts to company types. Conclusion – Through the analysis, many conflicts that occured are based on factors such as operational structure, problem solving and company policies which are not affected by the company type. However, three conflicts and problem areas can be connected to be generally more common either with 3PL companies or 4PL companies. The first lies within the commitment area where 3PL companies can generally be seen as less committed. The second area is communication were important information were more often late due to passing through more actors, causing more conflicts when collaborating with a 4PL. The last problem area were within formalization where findings suggests that there are conflicts caused by 4PLs using several carriers which causes problems such as varying regulations and truck dimensions from carriers.
22
Mitsuhashi, Keiju. "The furniture value chain from Thailand to Japan : upgrading and the roles of buyers." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421517.
Full text
23
Tiwari, Mohit. "An exploration of supply chain management practices in the aerospace industry and in Rolls-Royce." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33373.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-96).
This thesis is a part of the Supply Chain 2020 research project which seeks to study best practices in supply chain management in multiple industries in order to develop a deeper understanding of key principles and practices characterizing the creation of excellent supply chains through a long-term research agenda. This thesis addresses the first phase of the research by concentrating on the aerospace industry and by focusing on Rolls-Royce through a case study. The objective of the thesis is to conduct an exploratory study of the best practices in supply chain management in the aircraft engine manufacturing industry, and how these practices impact the competitive positioning of an engine manufacturer within the industry. The analysis involves a broad review of the current state and future directions of the aerospace industry by tracing the key factors shaping its evolution and by identifying the major strategic forces that would influence its future. Within this general industry context, the thesis analyzes Rolls-Royce's position in the industry as a leading aircraft engine manufacturer and presents a focused study of Rolls-Royce's supply chain management practices.
(cont.) In particular, the thesis involves a deeper exploration of the aircraft engine manufacturing business segment of Rolls-Royce and strives to understand the company's supply chain management practices, by examining the role of major factors that have proven crucial to effective supply chain management within the company. The thesis also presents more specific case study examples that track the implementation and results of major supply chain management initiatives. Finally, the supply chain design and management practices are analyzed from the perspective of their role in the company's business strategy. This is accomplished by employing a number of business strategy frameworks to understand the key factors that determine the competitiveness of a tier one supplier in the aerospace industry, such as Rolls- Royce, and by examining how those factors have affected Rolls-Royce's supply chain management strategies and practices.
by Mohit Tiwari.
M.Eng.in Logistics
24
Sommer, Matěj. "Alternativní řešení a pevnostní kontrola mechanických česlí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417118.
Full textAbstract:
This master’s thesis deals with a new design of bar screens. The goal was to come up with an alternative design to already existing device by INKOS a. s. In the first part, there is a summary of various machines working in similiar conditions. The insights gained by this research influenced the design of the new device. It utilizes well proven solutions from previous projects, but some of these were reworked and a few new functions were added. Second part of the thesis describes the analytical solutions, which were used to determine the forces in the assembly during the operation of the device. Based on the results of these calculations, a strength analysis of important components was performed using the finite element method. The result of this thesis is the design and optimization of new bar screens, including engineering drawings and tools for its further development.
25
Amaya, Urquieta Nadezda Rosa. "Effects of access to information on farmer's market channel choice: The Case of Potato in Tiraque Sub-watershed (Cochabamba - Bolivia)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36340.
Full textAbstract:
In Bolivia, potato production and marketing is important for farmersâ livelihoods and anecdotal information shows that cell phones and women are extremely important in the potato marketing chain. Efforts to improve incomes of poor highland potato producers should recognize roles of different actors within the chain and access to market information. This study explores the effects of access to information and gender relations within the potato chain; on farmersâ market channel choice in the Tiraque Watershed (Bolivia). The analysis of qualitative information was useful to deepen the understanding of the subject and complement quantitative analysis outcomes. The main source of data comes from a survey of 400 households from the watershed. Additionally, Rapid Market Appraisal and Case Studies were used to collect qualitative data. These data was used to estimate two econometric models (Logit and MNL) to evaluate the importance of farmers and marketing characteristics on market choices. This analysis demonstrates that the determinants that affect market channel choice include marketing (time to reach the markets and the nearest paved road), production (number of plots owned by farmers) and household related variables (access to loan, cell phone ownership, location and age of the head of the household). On the other hand, some results were different than expected, that is the case of motorized transport ownership, and literacy. Another unexpected result is that even though the qualitative analysis shows that gender plays an important role in marketing activities; the econometric analysis shows that gender has no effect on farmerâ s market choices.Master of Science
LTRA-3 (Watershed-based NRM for Small-scale Agriculture)
26
Inlay, Matthew Arthur Kalani. "Roles of the immunoglobulin kappa light chanin enhancers in regulating kappa rearrangement /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3099543.
Full text
27
Hunger, Conny. "Die Rolle der Chemokinrezeptoren CXCR4 und CXCR7 bei der Entwicklung der Extremitätenmuskulatur der Maus." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-107830.
Full textAbstract:
Das Chemokine SDF-1α und sein Rezeptor CXCR4 sind in eine Vielzahl biologischer Prozesse, wie der Organogenese, der Hämatopoese und der Immunantwort involviert. Die Entdeckung des alternativen SDF-1α-Rezeptors CXCR7 bewirkte eine erneute Untersuchung der Funktion des SDF-1-Systems in diesen Vorgängen. CXCR7 ist in der Lage, je nach Gewebe- oder Zelltyp, als \"Scavenger\"-Rezeptor, Modulator des CXCR4 oder selbstständig aktiver Rezeptor zu agieren. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, inwiefern beide Rezeptoren im Verlauf der Entwicklung der Muskulatur exprimiert werden, welche Aufgabe sie dabei übernehmen und ob sich Rückschlüsse auf die Muskelregeneration daraus ableiten lassen. Hierfür erfolgten in vitro-Untersuchungen an C2C12-Zellen und die anschließende Analyse der Expression von CXCR4, CXCR7 und SDF-1α in der sich entwickelnden Gliedmaßenmuskulatur von Wildtyp- und mdx-Mäusen. Die Untersuchung von C2C12-Zellen zeigte in allen Differenzierungsstadien eine detektierbare Menge von CXCR4 und eine zunehmende Expression des CXCR7. Die Behandlung der Zellen mit SDF-1α führte zu einer Phosphorylierung von Erk1/2 und PKCζ/λ und hemmte gleichzeitig deren Differenzierung. Nach einer Blockierung des CXCR4 mit seinem pharmakologischen Antagonist AMD3100 oder nach Hemmung der Expression durch spezifische siRNA blieb die Aktivierung des Signalweges aus und der hemmende Einfluss des SDF-1α auf die Differenzierung verschwand vollständig. Im Gegensatz dazu blieben nach der pharmakologischen Blockierung oder durch siRNA vermittelten Expressionshemmung des CXCR7 alle SDF-1α induzierten Effekte vollständig erhalten. Eine Untersuchung des Signalweges am dritten Tag der Differenzierung zeigte keine Aktivierung von Erk1/2. Ebenso blieb Erk1/2 nach einer Hemmung der Expression des CXCR4 unphosphoryliert. Im Gegensatz dazu fand nach einer Hemmung der Expression des CXCR7 mit spezifischer siRNA erneut eine Aktivierung des Signalweges statt. Weiterhin konnte in vivo festgestellt werden, dass die Expression des CXCR4 in der Muskulatur während der embryonalen Entwicklung am höchsten ist und bereits kurz nach der Geburt stark abnimmt, wenn die sekundäre Muskelentwicklung abgeschlossen ist. Die Expression des CXCR7 hingegen steigt perinatal an und bleibt bis zum Erwachsenenalter bestehen. Zusammengefasst zeigen diese Ergebnisse, dass CXCR4 aktiv das Signalgeschehen von SDF-1α in der Myogenese vermittelt und somit zur Differenzierungshemmung von Myoblasten beiträgt. CXCR7 hingegen wirkt als passiver SDF-1α-Scavenger und induziert somit durch eine Modulierung der extrazellulären SDF-1α-Konzentration die Differenzierung. In Übereinstimmung mit der Rolle des SDF-1α-Systems bei der Muskelentwicklung, konnte eine kontinuierliche SDF-1α- Expression im Bindegewebe um pränatale und im Endomysium von postnatalen und adulten Muskelfasern festgestellt werden. Diese SDF-1α-Expression stieg ebenso wie die CXCR4-Expression bei der Analyse der Muskulatur von dystrophin-defizienten Mäusen an und zeigte somit, dass dieses System auch für die Proliferation von Muskelvorläuferzellen in der regenerativen Muskulatur eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Bemerkenswerter Weise hatte diese Muskeldystrophie keinen Einfluss auf die Expression des CXCR7 und beeinflusst vermutlich dessen Funktion über einen anderen Mechanismus. Durch die offensichtlich enge Kontrolle von Muskelentwicklung und Regeneration durch CXCR4, CXCR7 und deren Liganden SDF-1α, bilden diese ein vielversprechendes therapeutisches Ziel für bestimmte MuskelerkrankungenThe chemokine, SDF-1α, and its receptor, CXCR4, are assumed to control a multitude of biological processes such as organogenesis, haematopoesis, and immune responses. The previous demonstration that SDF-1α additionally binds to the chemokine receptor, CXCR7, currently urges a re-evaluation of the function of the SDF-1 system in these processes. In fact, depending on the tissue and cell type, CXCR7 either acts as a scavenger receptor, a modulator of CXCR4 or an independent active receptor. This thesis is dedicated to answer the following questions: Are both SDF-1α receptors expressed during muscle development? What is the actual function of these receptors during myogenesis? Is there a role of the SDF-1 system in muscle regeneration? To adress these issues both in vitro studies with the myoblast cell line, C2C12, as well as in vivo analyses on the expression of CXCR4, CXCR7 and SDF-1α in developing and regenerating limb muscles have been performed. At all stages of differentiation, C2C12 cells exhibited measurable amounts of CXCR4. In addition, in the course of differentiation C2C12 cells showed increasing expression levels of CXCR7. Treatment of the cells with SDF-1α resulted in the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and PKCζ/λ and subsequently blocked their myogenic differentiation. Following inactivation of CXCR4 either by its antagonist, AMD3100, or by specific siRNA, SDF-1α failed to activate both pathways and in addition no longer inhibited the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. By contrast, inactivation of CXCR7 remained without effects on SDF-1α-induced cell signalling and resulting inhibitory effects on myogenic differentiation. Interestingly, SDF-1α also failed to activate Erk1/2 signalling in differentiated C2C12 cells. Cell signalling in differentiated C2C12 cells was, however, restored following inhibition of CXCR7 expression, but not following inhibition of CXCR4 expression. The in vivo analysis further revealed that in limb muscles expression of the CXCR4 is highest during embryonic development with a decrease in expression levels shortly after birth when secondary muscle development is completed. Vice versa, expression levels of CXCR7 increased perinatally and remained high into adulthood. In summary, these findings unravel that CXCR4 actively mediates SDF-1α-signalling during myogenesis. The findings further provide evidence that CXCR7 acts as a scavenger receptor during myogenesis which controls myogenic differentiation by modulating extracellular SDF-1α concentration. In further agreement with a major role of SDF-1α in muscle development, SDF-1α is continously expressed by the endomysium of postnatal and adult muscle fibers. Moreover, expression of SDF-1α as well as CXCR4 is massively increased in muscles of dystrophin-deficient mice further implying that the SDF-1 system plays an equally important role during muscle development and regeneration. The pivotal role of SDF-1α in muscle development and regeneration points to the SDF-1 system as a promising therapeutical target for certain muscle diseases
28
Mardahl-Dumesnil, Michelle. "The Roles of myosin heavy chain, enolase, and paramyosin in muscle assembly and function in Drosophila melanogaster /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9904818.
Full text
29
Mahtani-Patching, Juliet L. "Investigating the roles of the alternative Isoforms of the preTCR alpha (pTα) chain in T cell development." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/541.
Full textAbstract:
The pre-T cell receptor (preTCR) is required for αβ T cell development and hence efficient adaptive immunity. Composed of a rearranged TCRβ chain paired with the invariant preTCR α chain (pTα), it drives immature thymocytes through the “β-selection” checkpoint, promoting differentiation, proliferation and survival. Although two functional splice isoforms of pTα exist, non-redundant roles for pTαa and pTαb have yet to be ascribed. This thesis demonstrates that pTαa and pTαb display non-identical expression patterns in immature thymocyte subsets. Moreover, it demonstrates that preTCRa and preTCRb promote divergent T cell development; preTCRa drives prolonged expansion of post-β-selection thymocytes, while preTCRb drives rapid maturation of TCRαβ(+) cells. Importantly, by mutating charged residues in the extracellular domain of pTα, it is shown that pTα oligomerization is not required for preTCR signalling per se, as had previously been proposed. Instead, the capacity for oligomerization regulates surface preTCR levels, which in turn dictates subsequent developmental potential. This thesis also presents preliminary evidence for a novel role for the preTCR; that preTCR signalling sensitises the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway that in turn regulates the signalling thresholds for positive and negative selection in CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive (DP) cells. Indeed, it is suggested that this process may be critical for central tolerance in the thymus. Finally, this thesis describes the generation and initial characterisation of pTαa and pTαb BAC transgenic mice that will facilitate the separate investigation of pTαa and pTαb in a pTα-deficient background in vivo. Collectively, the results presented in this thesis ascribe non-redundant roles for the two isoforms of pTα and necessitate a fresh examination of the mechanism by which the preTCR initiates signalling. The implications of these results for αβ T cell development and the immune system as a whole are discussed.
30
Gregg, Tricia. "Industrial policy in a new era : government roles in the U.S. semiconductor industry and its value chain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607883.
Full text
31
Oing, Christoph [Verfasser]. "Zur Rolle der aberranten DNA-Hypermethylierung des Tumorsuppressorgens Inter-alpha-Trypsin-Inhibitor heavy chain 5 (ITIH5) bei akuter myeloischer Leukämie / Christoph Oing." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032893583/34.
Full text
32
Ajakaiye, Ojo Iseghohime. "The Role of Logistics Service Providers in the Logistics Firms' Supply Chain." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18576.
Full textAbstract:
Competition amongst companies in the global market has resulted in increased production of goods and services. Enterprises are now faced with the challenges of shipments of raw materials, spare parts from vendors, and the finished goods to consumers. Logistics companies are springing up to tackle transportation and other logistics problems. There are various logistics companies such as logistics intermediaries, carriers and third party logistics service providers in the market which are in one way or the other competing and at the same time cooperating within the supply chain in order to fulfill their assignments to their customers. Third party logistics service providers are experiencing rapid growth because of the advanced demand of services such as the desire to reduce lead time, inventory management, outsourcing, and a host of other functions. Not much has been written on the logistics firms. Besides, most studies on logistics firms and the third-party logistics providers focus more on such aspects like their skills, services, and their relationships with their customers. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the logistics service providers’ roles within the logistics firms’ supply chain by identifying how the expected roles are performed. In the frame of reference, the author searched several books and articles that are relevant within the scope of the thesis topic. Both qualitative and explorative data collection methods are used in the thesis and these involve conducting interviews, and reading the accounts of other people concerning the thesis topic. The conclusion shows that logistics service providers are able to perform their roles through vertical and horizontal cooperation with other firms and with other logistics firms respectively. Besides, logistics firms do live up to their roles. Carriers and the logistics intermediary now perform more roles than what people think they do, because networks connection and the urge to remain competitive make them to take up value-added services. Third-party logistics service providers add values for their customers through their value-added services in various ways such as time and place utility including tracking and tracing the goods to ensure that they are delivered.
33
Warrens, Anthony Nigel. "Structural and functional analysis of the roles of the MHC class II [alpha] chain in T cell recognition." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338347.
Full text
34
Millet, Sarah Jayne. "An empirical study into clients' roles in the implementation of supply chain management in the U.K. construction industry." Thesis, Coventry University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537962.
Full text
35
Lidström, John. "Is advanced technical functionality enough? - Value creation in a complex warehouse management system investment : Lessons learned about the implication of resources, roles and interactions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202334.
Full textAbstract:
Supply chain management complexity is a growing challenge for a broad range of contemporary companies, which makes them turn to new and increasingly advanced IT-systems as a salvation. One of the currently most important system in a supply chain manager’s toolbox is the warehouse management system. As business challenges increases so does also the complexity in the investment processes surrounding the warehouse management systems, this paper explores value creation in these processes to understand the resource exchanges involved, the exchange actor’s different roles and the implications of interactions between the actors. This is conducted through a case study with a market leading warehouse management system vendor and a supply chain intensive customer. The findings indicate that value creation in a complex warehouse management system investment entails several intervened and ongoing processes of different resource exchanges, were the actors co-create value jointly by sharing, combining and utilizing the resources throughout these processes. In order to establish this essential value co-creation sphere, also social exchanges in the form of qualitative interactions between the actors have proven to be a fundamental factor.
36
Anderson, Alasdair Matthew. "Investigating the relative roles of the individual mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in the generation of cellular oxidative stress predominantly in human skin." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580619.
Full textAbstract:
Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) is a major contributing factor to the worldwide incidence of skin cancers, and causes additional effects in the skin including photo ageing and DNA damage. The damage caused by UVR is frequently linked to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The major source of cellular ROS is the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ET C) and its individual complexes. Although these complexes are accepted as a major source of cellular ROS, the relative roles of each complex in cellular ROS production is a matter for considerable scientific debate. This study aimed to quantify ROS production from the mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes, primarily in skin cells. It is important, when assessing cellular ROS production, to ensure that the methods used are appropriate for the applications, as unexpected interactions between two of the most commonly used ROS probes, DHR123 and DCF-DA, were found. The effects of loading protocol and diluents upon probe function and fluorescence were assessed and it was concluded that probes may be loaded into cells before or after UV A as long as appropriate controls are employed. This study used specific electron transport chain complex inhibitors to report a significant role in UVA-induced ROS production for complexes I and Ill, but also a significant increase in ROS production from complex 11. The increase in complex 11 specific ROS production was greater than complex I or complex III ROS production in some circumstances, and was more important than suggested by current literature. This is a novel finding and indicates that complex 11 may be a useful target for future studies of cellular ROS production. Furthermore, complex- specific ROS production profiles were shown to differ depending upon cell type and time of complex inhibition. In order to further investigate complex 11 as a novel source of ROS production, spectrophotometric assays were carried out. These allowed quantification of respiration and inhibition of complex 11 using the specific inhibitors 3- Nitropropionic Acid (3NP) and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTF A). Both complex 11 activity and percentage inhibition were found to vary considerably between cell types, and it was also found that ROS production did not necessarily reflect the proportion of inhibition exerted by a particular inhibitor.
37
Chen, Yi, and Kajsa Olsson. "Dynamic integration in SCM- the role of TPL." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9371.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:
Companies are facing an environment with fierce competition therefore to respond to the customers' needs and to deliver on time at a competitive cost is becoming more and more important. Integration between the actors in the SC is increasing in importance and is seen as a core competitive strategy to respond to the customers' demands. SCI can be achieved through efficient linkages among various supply chain activities however internal excellence is not enough and SCM seeks to integrate internal functions with external operations of suppliers, customer and other SC members. In SCI the TPL firms are said to play an important role because of their expertise and knowledge.
Problem:
Previous researchers have identified gaps in the SCI literature which does not consider the role of the TPL firm. Similar gaps have been found in the TPL literature which does not put emphasis on SCI. Nevertheless the importance of TPL firms in SCI has been pointed out as significant. Therefore this thesis will study the role of the TPL firm in SCI to improve the knowledge and create a better understanding.
Purpose:
The purpose of this thesis is to study and uncover the role of the TPL firm Schenker Logistics AB Nässjö in supporting SCI with its customer Relacom and its supplier Nexans to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. By analyzing the drivers, barriers and outcomes of the SCI for each firm, the paper pursues the notion that SCI is a dynamic process and TPL firm plays an important role.
Method:
This thesis is based on a qualitative approach where interviews with key persons are the main approach to gathering information. The qualitative approach has its strengths is being able to obtain rich nuances in the information which fits our purpose to go deeper in a phenomenon.
Conclusions:
By analyzing the drivers, barriers and outcomes of SCI we have reached the conclusion that the role of the TPL firm is to achieve benefits through the three C's (the company, its customers and its competitors). The TPL firm also smooths out the friction between other members of the SC and help to create a better, faster, cheaper, smarter and greener SCI. Since the factors influencing SCI are constantly changing, all actors continuously have to keep updated to react to the pressures from the market.
38
Shareef, M. A., Y. K. Dwivedi, V. Kumar, R. Mahmud, D. L. Hughes, Hatice Kizgin, and Nripendra P. Rana. "The Inherent Tensions within Sustainable Supply Chains: A Case Study from Bangladesh." Francis and Taylor, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17263.
Full textAbstract:
YesThe complexities surrounding the supply chain logistics for perishable commodities within Bangladesh are extensive. Poor infrastructure, fragmented transportation and corruption compound the operational complexities within this emerging market. This case study analyses many of the day-to-day operational challenges and tensions inherent within Micro-Small-Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) forming the backbone of the Bangladesh socio-economic structure. The drive for transition toward greater levels of sustainability and corporate responsibility is problematic, affecting many levels within an extended and fragmented supply chain. The selected case study highlights the “lived in” geographical, environmental, economic and cultural factors that impact the ability of emerging market enterprises to remain profitable within emergency scenarios whilst transitioning toward a more sustainable model. This study, whilst detailing many of the tensions and critical issues facing MSMEs, highlights the benefits of direct Government intervention, criticality of a leaner and more efficient supply chain and reassessment of financial incentives to drive the transition to a more efficient and sustainable economy.
39
Robles, García Virginia. "New roles for ancient interactions: functional analysis of the conserved interactions between the clathrin heavy and light chains and calmodulin." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285114.
Full textAbstract:
Clathrin is an evolutionary conserved molecule that coats membranes endocytosed from the plasma membrane and those that move between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes of eukaryotic cells. It also plays roles in early stages of mitosis, cytokinesis, chromosome alignment and in certain phagocytic events. At the cellular level, clathrin is required for major regulated secretory and endocytic pathways, which transport proteins, lipids, soluble factors, and extracellular ligands between the plasma membrane and the intracellular compartments. In multicellular organisms clathrin is involved in numerous specialized pathways of physiological relevance, such as the production of morphogen gradients, the formation of secretory granule, antigen presentation by the immune system, virus maturation, the control of glucose homeostasis, or synaptic vesicle generation. Many proteins that interact with clathrin have been identified. In some cases the functional relevance of these molecular interactions remains unknown. Among those, the clathrin-calmodulin interaction is probably one of the most striking examples since it involves two evolutionary conserved essential proteins and it was detected in vitro decades ago. However, it was not clarified whether clathrin and calmodulin interacted in vivo and what was the functional significance of this interaction. The calcium sensor calmodulin plays an important role regulating a wide variety of proteins and important signaling pathways in all eukaryotes. It modulates the activity of key regulatory enzymes, ion pumps and proteins implicated in motility and it has essential roles in mitosis. Importantly, it has also been found to be implicated in endocytosis, membrane traffic and endosome fusion. Nevertheless, most targets of calmodulin and the mechanisms by which calmodulin regulates specific membrane transport events are mainly unknown.
The objective of this Thesis is to address the study of the clathrin-calmodulin interaction, whose functional significance has not been studied thus far, using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system. S. cerevisiae has proven to be an extremely versatile organism for studying many cellular processes, because of the ease of combining biochemical analyses with genetic studies and live imaging in this organism and the evolutionary conservation of most essential eukaryotic cellular processes and proteins involved.
In this study, we reveal that the clathhrin heavy and light chains bind calmodulin not only in vitro but also in yeast, most likely in a calcium-dependent manner. Further, we describe a not-previouslycharacterized calmodulin binding site at the C-terminus of the clathrin heavy chain, and identify calmodulin point mutations that specifically disrupt their interaction with clathrin. Finally, we provide evidence supporting a specific role of the clathrin-calmodulin interaction in the retrograde transport from endosomes to the TGN.La clatrina es una molécula evolutivamente conservada que envuelve las membranas que se endocitan desde la membrana plasmática y aquellas que se mueven entre la red trans-Golgi (TGN) y los endosomas de las células eucariotas, en las principales vías celulares reguladas secretoras y endocíticas. Muchas proteínas que interactúan con clatrina han sido identificadas, pero en algunos casos se desconoce la relevancia funcional de estas interacciones. Entre ellas, la interacción de la clatrina con la calmodulina, dos proteínas esenciales evolutivamente conservadas, fue detectada in vitro hace décadas pero no se sabe si interactúan in vivo y cuál es el significado funcional de esta interacción. La calmodulina es un sensor de calcio que juega un papel importante la regulación de una amplia variedad de proteínas y rutas de señalización importantes en todos los organismos eucariotas. Es importante destacar que también se ha visto implicada en la endocitosis, el tráfico de membranas y la fusión de endosomas. Sin embargo, muchas de las dianas de calmodulina y los mecanismos por los que la calmodulina regula eventos específicos de transporte de membranas son desconocidos. En esta Tesis se aborda el estudio de la interacción clatrina-calmodulina, cuyo significado funcional no se ha estudiado hasta el momento, utilizando la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae como sistema modelo. En el estudio, revelamos que las cadenas pesada y ligera de clatrina se unen a calmodulina no sólo in vitro sino también en levadura, probablemente de una forma dependiente de calcio. Además, describimos un sitio de unión a calmodulina que no estaba previamente caracterizado, en el extremo C-terminal de la cadena pesada de clatrina, e identificamos mutaciones puntuales en calmodulina que alteran específicamente su interacción con la clatrina. Por último, aportamos pruebas que respaldan una función específica de la interacción clatrina-calmodulina en el transporte retrógrado desde los endosomas al TGN.
40
Sandford, Fiona Margaret. "The role of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of rotator cuff tendinopathy." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-longchain-omega3-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids-in-the-management-of-rotator-cuff-tendinopathy(73f89ba5-022f-4bb0-a42b-f44949df7a83).html.
Full textAbstract:
Rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy is defined as pain and dysfunction of one or more of the RC tendons (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor). Inflammation has been associated with this condition. Graduated exercise is the main treatment for RC tendinopathy, and comparable outcomes to surgery, have been reported for the range of conditions associated with RC tendinopathy. However both non-surgical and surgical outcomes are frequently sub-optimal and new treatment methods to support current practice and improve outcomes are required. A questionnaire investigation recruited 261 participants with shoulder pain from eight healthcare locations. Information was collected regarding beliefs and use of nutritional supplements. Supplement use was reported by 38% (100/261) respondents. Of those who were taking supplements, 82% (82/100) were taking them for shoulder pain. Fish oil supplements containing long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were the most popular dietary supplements. Long-chain mega-3 PUFAs have been recommended for people with tendinopathy due to their potential to reduce inflammation. This investigation compared exercise and PUFAs to exercise and placebo supplements in the treatment of people with RC tendinopathy. A double-blind placebo controlled randomized controlled trial was conducted in participants with RC tendinopathy recruited from hospital clinics. The active treatment group received nine opaque capsules of MaxEPA providing 1.53g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 1.04g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the placebo group received nine matching placebo capsules where the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids were replaced with oleic acid; all participants attended an eight week exercise programme. Participants were assessed, at pre-randomisation, eight weeks (primary outcome point), three months, six months and 12 months (secondary outcome point). Primary outcome was the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS). Secondary outcomes included; the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Patient Specific Functional Score, Euro Qol 5D-3L, Short Form 36, global rating of change and impairment measures. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. A total of 73 participants were randomized to treatment and data were available for the analysis of 36 in the PUFA supplement group versus 33 in the placebo. Both groups improved over the time course of the study. Plasma concentrations of EPA and DHA increased in the long-chain omega-3 PUFA supplemented group but not in the placebo, providing evidence that the participants took the supplements. There was no evidence of added benefit from long-chain omega-3 PUFA supplementation for the primary outcome change in OSS -0.23 (95% CI 3.89, 3.43) or in SPADI -1.68 (-12.64, 9.28) at two months. There was some evidence to suggest that SPADI was lower in the treatment group at three months. There was no difference in outcomes between groups at 12 months. Twelve participants undertook semi-structured face to face interviews to explore experiences, barriers, motivators and enablers to supplement use and exercise. The predominant enablers to exercise were found to be the perceived benefit from the exercises and extended follow up, with barriers being lack of suitable equipment and pain. The enablers to supplement taking were found to be the perceived benefit of the supplements and a systematic pill taking routine. Barriers were the size, taste and quantity of supplements, remembering to take them, and, lack of perceived benefit.
41
Adónis, Maria Mendes Esteves Robalo Lopes. "Relações de poder nos Aagrupamentos de escolas Perceções e Dinâmicas - Conselho Geral vs Diretor." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4012.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Administração Pública - EducaçãoO interesse pelos problemas da Educação e pela Escola continuam na ordem do dia. Nesse contexto, surge o Decreto-Lei nº 75/2008, o modelo de Autonomia, Administração e Gestão atualmente em vigor. A investigação aborda, com base no Capítulo III, Secção I (Órgãos), subsecções I (Conselho Geral) e II (Diretor), do referido normativo, a problemática do órgão de Direção - o Conselho Geral. Apresenta a escola como organização, o seu funcionamento e sobretudo as dinâmicas que se geram no seio do Conselho Geral, órgão estratégico, no qual têm assento os vários elementos representantes da comunidade educativa e a autarquia. O enquadramento teórico que lhe serviu de base abrange uma visão sobre as formas de regulação, acompanhada dos modelos de Administração e Gestão das últimas décadas, Analisa o grau de autonomia, as competências, a forma como participam os seus elementos na tomada de decisão, o poder que lhe é dado pela lei e o que é exercido efetivamente, as necessidades sentidas para o exercício pleno das competências, o novo tipo de Regulação, a sua capacidade para a realizar, a relação com o Diretor. Para corresponder aos pressupostos do estudo, delimitou-se uma área geográfica do interior do país, entrevistaram-se os Diretores, facultaram-se questionários aos elementos dos Conselhos Gerais dos Agrupamentos e Escolas Secundárias, desse território educativo.
The interest and the discussion of School and Educational issues is still ongoing. Regarding this, it was approved the Law (Decreto-Lei) 75-2008, ruling the model of Autonomy, Administration and Management, being currently used. The research looks into the Chair issue of the General Council Panel, based in the Chapter III, Section I (Bodies), subsection I (General Council Panel) and II (Chair). Introduces the School as an organization, how it works and above all, the dynamics generated in the General Council, the strategic body where several representatives of the educational community and City Council sit. The theoretical framing of the discussion looks into the different regulatory forms, and into the administrative and management models of the last decades. Makes the analysis of the degree of autonomy, the roles and how the members take part in decisions, the power given by the law and that used in practice, the needs felt to make use of roles given, the new type of regulations, the capacity to implement, and the relation with the Chair. To relate with the prerequisites of this study, a certain geographic area in the interior of the country was considered, the Chairs were interviewed, and questionnaires were given and collected from the members of General Councils of the Secondary School Groups within the considered educational area.
42
Su, Ya-Chi. "LOCALIZATION OF LIGAND-BINDING EXOSITES IN THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF FXIa AND DETERMINATION OF THE ROLES OF CALCIUM AND THE HEAVY CHAIN OF FXIa IN FIX ACTIVATION BY FXIa." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/100396.
Full textAbstract:
BiochemistryPh.D.
Coagulation factor XI (FXI) is a plasma zymogen that is activated to FXIa, the catalytic domain of which contains exosites that interact with its normal macromolecular substrate (FIX), and its major regulatory inhibitor (protease nexin-2 kunitz protease inhibitor, PN2KPI). To localize the catalytic domain residues involved in active site architecture and in various ligand-binding exosites, we aligned the sequence of the FXI catalytic domain with that of the prekallikrein (PK) catalytic domain which is highly homologous (64% identity) in sequence, but functionally very different from FXI. Six distinct regions (R1-R6) of dissimilarity between the two proteins were identified as possible candidates for FXIa-specific ligand binding exosites. FXI/PK chimeric proteins (FXI-R1, FXI-R2, FXI-R3, FXI-R4, FXI-R5, or FXI-R6) containing substitutions with PK residues within the six regions were prepared and characterized. FXIa-R1, R2, R3 displayed enhanced proteolysis after activation by factor XIIa suggesting that the residues within R1, R2 and R3 regions may be important to maintain proper folding of the enzyme. Comparisons of amidolytic assays vs. activated partial thromboplastin time assays showed similar activities for all chimeras except FXI-R6, which displayed 60% of the normal amidolytic activity but only 28% of clotting activity suggesting the possibility that the R6 region (autolysis loop) of FXIa may comprise an exosite involved in the interaction with its macromolecular substrate FIX. This hypothesis was further confirmed by examinations of FIX-activation showing that FIX-activation by FXIa-R6 was significantly impaired compared with that achieved by FXIawt. Although FXI-R5 and FXI-R6 were defective (50-60%) in amidolytic assays, these chimeras were very similar to FXIawt in heparin and high molecular weight kininogen binding assays, suggesting that residues within the R5 and R6 regions are involved in active-site architecture. These chimeras were further investigated to determine whether any of them had acquired kallikrein activity. After activation all except FXIa-R4 showed insignificant activity in assays utilizing a kallikrein-specific chromogenic substrate. FXIa-R4 displayed 87% of the activity of kallikrein using the kallikrein-specific substrate but only 4% of the activity of FXIawt using the FXIa chromogenic substrate. Moreover the cleavage pattern and cleavage rate of high molecular weight kininogen utilizing FXIa-R4 as the enzyme were similar to those achieved with kallikrein but not with FXIawt. Therefore substitutions in the R4 region of FXI with the corresponding residues of PK resulted in loss of activity for the FXIa substrates and gain of activity for the kallikrein substrates suggesting that the R4 region (99-loop) of FXIa plays a role in determining the substrate specificity. The residues of FXIa catalytic domain (R3704, Y5901, E98, Y143, I151, and K192 in chymotrypsin numbering) that are possibly involved in the interactions with its inhibitors have been identified based on the co-crystal structure of the FXIa catalytic domain with the KPI domain of the kunitz-type inhibitor, protease nexin 2, (PN2KPI). A single mutation comprising Y5901A in the R2 region of FXIa displayed resistance to the inhibition by PN2KPI indicating that Y5901 is involved in the interaction with PN2KPI. In conclusion, these studies of FXI/PK chimeric and mutant proteins implicate residues in the R1, R2 and R3 regions in the maintenance of FXIa structure; residues in the R5 and R6 regions involved in active site architecture; residues within the R4 region (99-loop) of FXIa in the determination of amidolytic substrate specificity; residues within the R6 region (autolysis loop) of FXIa in the interaction with the macromolecular substrate, FIX; and the residue Y5901 in the R2 region of FXIa is involved in the interaction of FXIa with PN2KPI. FXIa activates FIX by facilitating the sequential cleavages first at R145-A146 resulting in FIXα and then at R180-V181 producing FIXa. Calcium binding to the γ-carboxyl glutamate-rich (Gla) domain of FIX is required for the interaction of FIX with FXIa and presence of FIX binding exosites have been implicated within both heavy and light chains of FXIa. To explore the mechanism by which calcium affects the interactions between the two FIX binding sites within the heavy and light chains of FXIa, the time course of FIX- activation by FXIa or the light chain of FXIa (FXIa-LC) in the presence or absence of calcium ions was examined. When FIX was activated by FXIa in the presence of calcium ions, the first cleavage at R145-A146 occurred at early time points when FIXa formation was also observed suggesting that the two scissile bonds of FIX were cleaved almost simultaneously. FIX activation either by FXIa in the absence of calcium ions or by the catalytic domain of FXIa (i.e. in the absence of the heavy chain of FXIa) showed the accumulation of the inactive intermediate FIXα produced from the cleavage at R145- A146, indicating a slower cleavage rate at R180-V181. Thus, both calcium and the heavy chain of FXIa are essential for optimal FIX activation. To determine the roles of calcium and the two FIX-binding exosites within the heavy and light chains of FXIa in the cleavages of the two scissile bonds of FIX respectively, FXI-R145A (in which only the cleavage at R180-V181 available) and FIX-R180A (in which only the cleavage at R145-A146 available) were prepared. The cleavage rate at R145-A146 of FIX-R180A in the absence of calcium was slower than in the presence of calcium ions. The cleavage rate at R180-V181 of FIX-R145A without the prior cleavage at R145 by FXIa in the presence of calcium ions was much slower than that of wild-type FIX indicating that the efficient cleavage at R180-V181 is facilitated by the prior cleavage at R145-A146. The scissile bond R180-V181 of FIX-R145A was hardly cleaved by FXIa in the absence of calcium ions or the heavy chain of FXIa from which we conclude that both calcium and the heavy chain of FXIa are required for efficient cleavage at R180-V181 of FIX. Based on these results, we propose a model of the mechanism of FIX-activation by FXIa: When FIX is activated by FXIa in the presence of calcium ions, FIX binds to both heavy and light chains of FXIa to bring the two scissile bonds of FIX, R145-A146 and R180-V181, close enough to be cleaved almost simultaneously for FIXa generation. When FIX is activated by FXIa in the absence of calcium ions or by FXIa-LC lacking the heavy chain of FXIa, FIX binds only to the light chain of FXIa to facilitate cleavage of the first scissile bond (R145-A146) producing the inactive intermediate FIXα whereas the second cleavage at R180-V181 is slow resulting in the accumulation of FIXα.
Temple University--Theses
43
Alimohamadi, Bardia. "Load Carriers; Optimized Solution to Improve Performance of Roll containers : A Case Study at VGR-WESTMA Organization." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19590.
Full textAbstract:
Roll containers are widely used in transportation and delivery operations due to the high level of flexibility and agility they offer to supply chains. However, there is a negative side to the application of roll containers in industry which can be removed or minimized by proper ergonomic and technical considerations. In this thesis work, the safety problems, economic issues and environmental effects associated with roll containers being used in VGR-WESTMA organization are reviewed in order to come up with alternative solutions to the current way of using old roll containers in their supply chain. The analysis of the problem resulted in ergonomic, safety and technical recommendation on using roll containers within their associated supply chain. The appropriate technical design of roll containers that fits the organization facilities are introduced with the aim of streamlining the supply chain flow within the organization. However, cost is considered as a limiting factor for this organization. Hence, proper ergonomic awareness and use of appropriate accessories to the roll containers are considered as a contemporary alternative solution to replacing roll containers being used in this supply chain.
44
Fabbri, Olivier. "Contribution a l'etude de la marge asiatique : la chaine tertiaire de shimanto (japon sw) : roles de la subduction et de la collision dans la tectogenese." Orléans, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ORLE2006.
Full textAbstract:
L'evolution du japon sw et de sa marge pacifique, du cretace au paleogene, est abordee a travers l'etude de la chaine tertiaire de shimanto. Trois secteurs ont fait l'objet d'une analyse sur le terrain. La synthese des donnees bibliographiques, ajoutee a nos propres resultats, met en evidence une deformation importante dans les unites de shimanto et aussi dans l'arriere-pays jurassique, juste avant la discordance regionale du burdigalien superieur-langhien. Le modele propose comprend deux etapes. Du cretace moyen au miocene basal, des episodes de convergences conduisent a l'edification d'un prisme d'accretion le long de la marge sud-japonnaise. Au cours du cretace moyen a superieur, se produit dans le prisme la deformation ductile a vergence continentale, interpretee comme un retrocharriage antithetique de la subduction. Au miocene basal, l'arrivee dans la zone de convergence, d'un microbloc a croute epaisse, porte par la plaque mer des philippines, bouleverse la structure du prisme et occasionne des ecaillages a la faveur desquels ressortent les parties profondes, epimetamorphiques, precedemment accretees. Cette collision s'acheve avec la mise en place des complexe plutono-volcaniques du miocene moyen. Les deux phenomenes de subduction et de collision se suivent dans le temps et sont responsables de la structuration de la marge.
45
Tsiotas, Achilleas Athanasios. "The role of the chain extender on the phase behaviour and morphology of high hard block content thermoplastic polyurethanes : thermodynamics-structures-properties." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-the-chain-extender-on-the-phase-behaviour-and-morphology-of-high-hard-block-content-thermoplastic-polyurethanes-thermodynamicsstructuresproperties(d2aa856c-7cd0-46e5-a354-4b9038c87166).html.
Full textAbstract:
Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) have attracted a lot of attention over the last decades in both academic and industrial research. They are multi-block co-polymers with statistically alternating hard (HS) and soft segments (SS) along their structure. Polyurethanes owe their great versatility to the micro-phase separation that takes place between their thermodynamically incompatible HS and SS. The objective of this study was to examine how minor alternations in a specific part of the hard segment (HS) -the chain extender (CE)- affects the micro-phase separation behaviour as well as the morphology and the physical properties of linear TPUs with a high HS% w/w in their structures (≥65). For this purpose, the HS of TPUs synthesised in solution were chain extended by four different alcohols: 1,3-propanediol (13PD), 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (2M13PD), 1,5-pentanediol (15PD) and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol (3M15PD). TPU samples containing the same SS and di-isocyanate were found to exhibit the highest crystallisation and phase separation degrees when extended by 13PD. TPUs containing 2M13PD and 15PD demonstrated lower degrees of phase separation. The use of a linear CE led to a higher degree of order, becoming even higher for shorter CEs. Samples incorporating 3M15PD were observed to be totally phase mixed. The reason was proposed to be an enhanced compatibility between the HS and SS resulting from the elongation of the backbone chain of the CE (better mobility) along with the introduction of the CH3 (hindering close packing and therefore crystallisation of the hard domains). This behaviour was also noticeable in SAXS, DMTA and DSC measurements through absence of scattering peaks, softening of the polymers at ambient temperatures and the presence of a single, broad glass transition at room temperature respectively. TGA of as-cast TPUs showed that severe degradation took place at temperatures higher than the observed endotherms in the DSC experiments with the exception of the 13PD. In those samples, simultaneous mixing-degradation was believed to occur during their elevated endothermic transitions. SAXS measurements revealed that the d-spacing was affected when the CE and/or the HS% w/w was altered. Higher values were observed for the linear CEs whereas introduction of chemical branches in the CE seemed to decrease the inter-lamellar spacing through an increase in the thickness of the 'inter-penetration' region. FTIR provided evidence that the phase separation of the different series was directly connected to the amount of the inter-chain hydrogen bonds in the TPU. Mechanical characterisation of the lowest available HS% w/w through tension mode DMTA and melt-rheology, confirmed that the samples with a better phase separation had higher storage moduli at room temperature as well as a higher viscosity at elevated temperatures respectively. Comparisons of the DSC data concerning the phase separation of the TPUs, showed that samples extended by 2M13PD separated upon post-melting heating, whereas the ones containing 15PD segregated upon cooling from the melt. Higher mobility for the HS and SS in the case of 15PD was suggested to be the reason. Complementary characterisation of samples with different thermal histories (melt-quenched, isothermally annealed) came to support those suggestions with additional WAXS, SAXS, and FTIR experiments. Annealing studies were only applied to samples containing 2M13PD and 15PD, since the TPUs prepared using other CEs proved unsuitable for such studies mainly due to extensive thermal degradation.
46
Sulaiman, Abdul Muis. "Tap Dancing Around Sustainability:The Case of Palm Oil Key Stakeholders." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295876.
Full textAbstract:
The Swedish Initiative on Sustainable Palm Oil in food and cosmetic and detergent industries hasemerged in 2014 following other EU national initiatives. This thesis project aims to explore thecondition of the initiative by examining who the key important stakeholders are and how these palmoil key stakeholders in Swedish market develop and implement their Sustainable Palm OilInitiatives. A qualitative approach using case study technique is used to guide the study andsupported by a combination of several theoretical frameworks, such as stakeholders’ theory and thevalue chain concept to address the research questions. Rooted from six organizations as study cases,the study found that the key important stakeholders for these organizations in developing andimplementing the initiatives are retailers, suppliers, consumers, trade associations, and Non-Governmental Organizations. Furthermore, the study also found that these six organizations useethical sourcing tool based on Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil certification scheme toimplement the Initiative in their respective member companies. As authorisers, the Swedish FoodFederation and the Swedish Cosmetics, Detergents and Toiletries Association developed Palm OilWorking Group and a simple platform for their member companies both in Swedish food andcosmetic and detergent industries in order to spread and manage the initiative. Världsnaturfonden,on the other hand serves as an external influencer that conducts lobbying and facilitations to supportSwedish companies to use certified segregated palm oil products to drive responsible palm oilproduction. The results show that Kicks, Croda, and Fazer facilitate the operationalization of ethicalsourcing initiative throughout their primary and supporting value chain activities. In addition,intertwined relationship between upstream and downstream parts of palm oil supply chain networksinfluences the outcome of the Swedish Initiative on Sustainable Palm Oil in spreading the initiativetoward market transformation in Sweden.
47
Balkow, Jenny. "In the middle : on sourcing from China and the role of the intermediary." Doctoral thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-17798.
Full textAbstract:
In the past three decades China’s rapid transition from a closed economy to become the factory of the world has astonished economists all over the world. Surveys among sourcing practitioners show that China is the most interesting market for sourcing and research points to lower costs as the main reason. This dissertation is an exploratory study of the role of the intermediary for Swedish small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) that source from China. Three questions are discussed. The first question concerns why Swedish SMEs choose to source from China. Although costs are a major factor for the companies, it is usually other triggers that cause the change in strategy, such as management interest or pressure from a large customer. The second research question concerns how Swedish SMEs choose to source from China and how the role of the intermediary is related to this process. The study shows that finding a good supplier is not difficult. The companies use informal channels, references and sometimes unorthodox methods such as following the supplier of the raw material to find suppliers that deliver high quality goods. The problem is however to maintain a steady quality and on time delivery which is why intermediaries are introduced late in the relationship. The cases in this study show example of five different intermediated strategies; Direct, Service,Traditional, RepO and FICE/WFOE. The traditional intermediated strategy is the only strategy where there is little or no relation between buyer and supplier, whereas the other four strategies involve different degrees of interaction between all three actors in the dyad; the buyer, the supplier and the intermediary. The third research question concerned the role of the intermediary. The study shows that the respondents are influenced by their structural view on what role the different forms of intermediaries may take. Although the respondents discuss the importance of having a long-term view on the relationship with the supplier they continuously allow intermediaries to enter the relationship on a short-term basis for quality control. These quality control centers (QC) commonly work on a fixed commission based on services that has to be specified. When the buyers are trying to change their strategy to look for an intermediary with higher involvement they usually turn to internal intermediaries (i.e. subsidiaries). When deciding on a long term intermediary the buyer usually looks for competences that supplement their own knowledge – that is Chinese language, good knowledge of the Chinese market but also technological competence. What the western owned intermediaries in China stresses however is the need to find intermediaries to supplement the suppliers’ competences, so that they are able to translate the needs of the buyer’s customer and becomes a physical reminder that they are sent from the buyer. The case of QC, shows that if a company let the relationship with the intermediary develop through interaction they can become just as involved. The study is based on interviews with key informants at Swedish SMEs andat different types of intermediaries in China. The empirical data are presented infive themes developed through an iterative process of theoretical studies anddata collection. The first two themes are directly related to the first tworesearch questions. The third theme focuses on the sourcing process andactivities of four small Swedish design companies. The fourth theme displayshow the intermediaries in China discuss their role. Finally, the fifth theme pictures the supply chain of one focal company at five points in time when they are in the process of changing their supply chain to increase transparency.
48
Rodríguez, Lozano Pablo. "Fire legacies in Mediterranean streams: the key roles of the riparian canopy and the top predator on food webs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385275.
Full textAbstract:
Wildfires are expected to increase in frequency and intensity because of climate change and changes in land use and management. In last decades, the research on fire effects on aquatic systems has grown, but it has been mainly conducted in the short- and mid-term (<5 years). Therefore, longer time frames are needed to assess fire effects on freshwater ecosystems. For instance, fire impacts on riparian and upland forests can be long-lived and wildfires often extirpate fish populations from streams, which may not recover due to barriers within the river network. Regarding fish extirpations, it is worth noting that freshwater fish are one of the most threatened fauna worldwide, especially the small-bodied species. In this context, the overarching goal of this PhD thesis was to investigate the long-term effects of a wildfire in Mediterranean streams. Specifically, this PhD thesis covered the indirect effects of two fire legacies: (1) the riparian canopy reduction and (2) the local extinction of the top predator in these streams, the endangered small-bodied fish Barbus meridionalis.
The findings of this PhD thesis showed how the fire legacy in the riparian forest accelerated leaf-litter breakdown in an intermittent Mediterranean stream eight years after fire. The opening of the riparian forest canopy by fire increased light levels and water temperatures and reduced terrestrial-to-aquatic litter inputs. The increased water temperatures engendered by removal of canopy cover enhanced microbial mediated leaf breakdown. The reduction in leaf-litter inputs probably led to lower benthic organic matter levels, bringing to the observed increased shredder aggregation in leaf packs, thereby accelerating leaf breakdown rates.
Our results demonstrated that the apex consumer was functionally irreplaceable, its local extinction led to the loss of an important functional role that resulted in major changes to the ecosystem's structure and function. Our mesocom experiment showed that Barbus meridionalis absence led to 'mesopredator release, and also to 'prey release despite intraguild predation, which contrasted with traditional food web theory. Top predator extirpation also changed whole macroinvertebrate community composition and increased total macroinvertebrate density. Regarding ecosystem function, periphyton primary production decreased in apex consumer absence. Moreover, we studied the feeding ecology of B. meridionalis from a functional perspective. Our results indicated that prey morphological and behavioral traits may explain prey vulnerability to predation. Specifically, the trait-based analysis showed that 10 of the 13 traits tested significantly influenced food choice (e.g. body size, concealment, locomotion, aggregation tendency, feeding habits). In addition, the leaf bags experiment confirmed that top predator absence enhanced leaf-litter breakdown, which was caused by the increase in shredder and scraper biomass in the absence of the predatory fish top-down control. Fish absence reduced leaf fungal biomass, but did not decrease microbially mediated leaf breakdown. These results suggested that leaf fungal biomass was stimulated from the bottom-up through nutrient recycling by the top predator.
This PhD thesis demonstrated that past fires may have current influence on the structure and function of Mediterranean streams. Moreover, our findings evidenced that intermittent streams can be affected by the consequences of apex consumers’ extinctions, and that the loss of small-bodied top predators can lead to complex ecosystem changes. This PhD thesis interconnected several current topics in ecology research (i.e. fire effects on aquatic systems, top predator declines, and intermittent streams). Its relevance lies in the projected increase in fires in the Mediterranean region and in the current high extinction risk of small-bodied fish in freshwater ecosystems.Debido al cambio climático y a los cambios en el uso y la gestión de la tierra, se espera que la frecuencia e intensidad de los incendios forestales aumenten. La mayoría de los estudios sobre los efectos de los incendios forestales en los ecosistemas acuáticos continentales cubren el corto y medio plazo (<5 años), siendo necesarias series temporales más largas. En este contexto, el objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral fue investigar los efectos a largo plazo de un incendio forestal en ríos mediterráneos. En concreto, esta tesis doctoral se centra en los efectos de dos legados del fuego: (1) la reducción de la cobertura del bosque de ribera y (2) la extinción local del superdepredador en estos ríos, Barbus meridionalis, un pez amenazado de pequeño tamaño. Los resultados de esta tesis doctoral probaron cómo el legado del fuego en el bosque de ribera aceleró la descomposición de la hojarasca en un arroyo mediterráneo intermitente ocho años después del incendio. Nuestros resultados también demostraron que el superdepredador era funcionalmente insustituible. Nuestro experimento de mesocosmos mostró que la ausencia de Barbus meridionalis provocó el incremento de los depredadores y de los consumidores primarios, y redujo la producción primaria del perifiton. El estudio de la ecología trófica de B. meridionalis desde una perspectiva funcional reveló que los rasgos morfológicos y de comportamiento de los macroinvertebrados pueden explicar su vulnerabilidad a la depredación. Esta tesis también confirmó que la ausencia del superdepredador modificó otra función clave del ecosistema, aceleró la descomposición de las hojas. Nuestros resultados también sugirieron que el superdepredador tiene un papel clave en el reciclado de nutrientes. Esta tesis doctoral ha demostrado que los incendios del pasado pueden influir en la estructura y función actual de los ríos mediterráneos. Además, también ha evidenciado que los ríos intermitentes pueden verse afectados por las consecuencias de la extinción de sus superdepredadores. La relevancia de esta tesis doctoral radica en el incremento esperado de los incendios forestales en la región mediterránea y en el alto riesgo de extinción de los peces de pequeño tamaño en los ecosistemas acuáticos continentales.
49
Manning, Kimberley P. E. "Sexual equality and state building : gender conflict in the Great Leap Forward /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10778.
Full text
50
Scarabelot, Maristela. "Construção de cadeias agroalimentares curtas e papel dos atores em Nova Veneza, SC." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61926.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação aborda o tema ‘cadeias agroalimentares curtas’. As dificuldades econômicas vividas pelos agricultores familiares nas últimas décadas os têm feito reagir por meio de iniciativas que comportam produção, processamento e comercialização de alimentos diferenciados a partir de agroindústrias artesanais familiares. O estudo analisa o processo de construção social das iniciativas de produção, industrialização e comercialização de produtos alimentares da agricultura familiar no município de Nova Veneza, sul de Santa Catarina, buscando identificar fatores históricos e conjunturais que contribuíram para seu desenvolvimento. A partir das cadeias do queijo, da farinha de milho e do vinho foi analisado o papel das organizações e, em especial, de que forma instituições como a Epagri e a Prefeitura Municipal têm interagido com esse processo no município. Também foi analisada a relação das cadeias alimentares curtas com os mercados e como formas de organização coletiva têm reconectado consumidores e produtores. Finalizou-se o trabalho analisando a motivação dos consumidores ao optarem por produtos da agricultura familiar e as implicações dos mercados de produtos com qualidade diferenciada para o desenvolvimento local. Para compreender o objeto de estudo, buscou-se uma combinação entre as noções teóricas da construção social de mercados e a perspectiva orientada aos atores. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados no estudo de caso foram levantamento de dados por meio de pesquisa semiestruturada, observação e análise de dados secundários. As conclusões do trabalho apontam que cadeias agroalimentares curtas se caracterizam por novas formas de desenvolvimento rural, porém, apesar de seu viço, apresentam fragilidades e dependem da ação dos atores, especialmente do poder público, comprometendo-se com a regulação de mercados e processos de mediação qualificados. A expansão e a consolidação das cadeias agroalimentares curtas depende da construção da governança.This thesis addresses the issue of short food supply chains to rural development. The economic difficulties experienced by farmers in recent decades have reacted through initiatives that include production, processing and marketing of different foods from small family agribusinesses. The study analyzes the social construction of production initiatives, industrialization and marketing of food from family farms in the municipality of Nova Veneza, south of Santa Catarina, Brazil, seeking to identify historical and situational factors that contributed to its development. From the chains of cheese, corn flour and wine, I analyzed the role of organizations and in particular, how institutions like Epagri and municipal government have interacted with this process in the municipality. I also analyzed the relationship between short food supply chains with markets and how various forms of collective organization have reconnected producers and consumers. The study concludes by analyzing the motivation of consumers to choose products from family farms and the implications of product markets with differentiated quality for local development. To understand the object of study proposed a combination of the theoretical notions of social construction of markets and the actor-oriented approach. The methodological procedures used in the case study were secondary data analysis, data collection through semi-structured research and observation. The conclusions of the study indicate that short food supply chains are characterized by new forms of rural development. However, in despite of its vigor, it presents weaknesses and depends on the action of the actors, especially the government itself to the regulation of markets and skilled mediation processes. The expansion and consolidation of short food supply chains depends on the understanding and construction of the notion governance.