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4
Der König an der Haustür: Die Rolle des ägyptischen Herrschers an dekorierten Türgewänden von Beamten im Neuen Reich. Wien: Afro-Pub, 2001.
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Vickery, Amanda. Behind closed doors in Georgian England. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.
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Francesco, Sedita, and Dower Laura, eds. A candy apple collection: The accidental cheerleader ; The boy next door ; Miss Popularity. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2008.
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Revolving doors: Sex segregation and women's careers. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1989.
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Jacobs, Jerry A. Revolving doors: Sex segregation and women's careers. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1989.
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Vickery, Amanda. Behind closed doors: At home in Georgian England. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.
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The stranger next door: The story of a small community's battle over sex, faith, and civil rights. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press, 2001.
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Brides and doom: Gender, property, and power in medieval German women's epic. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994.
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Jewish responsibility for the death of Jesus in Luke-Acts. Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1994.
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Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame induction dinner 1993. [New York, N.Y.]: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation, Inc., 1993.
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Salzano, Tammi. Scooby-Doo! Cheese Mystery: Sight Words Book 4. New York, USA: Scholastic, Inc, 2011.
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Brewster, Joy. Roller-Ghoster: Junior Chapter Book (Scooby-Doo). Scholastic Paperbacks, 2004.
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Newcomb, John Timberman. Poetry’s Opening Door. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036798.003.0003.
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This chapter examines how the New Verse movement achieved spectacular success by focusing on the role played by Poetry: A Magazine of Verse, particularly in creating a space for contemporary American verse where none had been. Poetry, founded by Harriet Monroe in Chicago in 1912, exemplifies the productive intersection between twentieth-century artistic avant-gardes and the forces of modern disciplinary specialization. This chapter looks at how Monroe and others forged Poetry's identity through antagonistic opposition to such “standpatters” as the “quality magazines,” transforming it into a pioneering endeavor in the rhetorical self-fashioning of a twentieth-century American avant-gardism. It also considers Poetry's feud with The Dial, which still saw poetry as an instrument of moral uplift that was now menaced by what it called “Futurism.” Finally, it discusses Poetry's advocacy of institutional support for contemporary poets, and especially how it reformulated central concepts of literary value—genius, masterpiece, tradition, form, audience—into a forceful poetics of avant-garde progressivism. The chapter argues that Poetry's avant-garde experiments have a transformative impact upon American poetry, and literary culture more generally.
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Shiffrin, Seana Valentine. Lies and the Murderer Next Door. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157023.003.0002.
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This chapter considers some issues about our individual duties of sincerity and promissory fidelity, with particular emphasis on the role the stricture on lying plays in maintaining reliable channels of communication between moral agents. It defends a qualified absolutism about lying that distinguishes the wrong of the lie from the wrong involved in deception (when it is wrong). In particular, it examines Immanuel Kant's absolutism about lying, building upon the themes Kant adduces in the opening passage of the selection from the Lectures on Ethics. It also explores the problem of the Murderer at the Door and connects it to other issues about our moral relations with wrongdoers and the process of their moral evolution. Finally, it looks at the active, affimative misrepresentation that one is telling the truth rather than operating in a suspended context and relates it to the basic conditions of interpersonal moral agency.
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Langford, Malcolm, Daniel Behn, and Runar Lie. The Revolving Door in International Investment Arbitration. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816423.003.0008.
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It is often claimed that international investment arbitration is marked by a revolving door: individuals act sequentially and even simultaneously as arbitrator, legal counsel, expert witness or tribunal secretary. If this claim is correct it has implications for which individuals possess power and influence within this community; and ethical debates over conflicts of interests and transparency concerning ‘double hatting’—when individuals simultaneously perform different roles. In this chapter we offer a comprehensive empirical analysis of the individuals that make up the entire investment arbitration community; and provide the first use of social network analysis to describe the full community and address key sociological and normative questions in the literature. Our results partly contradict recent empirical scholarship as we identify a different configuration of central ‘power brokers’. Moreover the normative concerns with double hatting are partly substantiated. A select but significant group of individuals score highly on our double hatting index.
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Gonick, Marnina. Between the door of the unknown and the book of old plots: Ambivalence, femininity and identificatory practices. 2000.
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Revolving Doors: Sex Segregation and Women's Careers. Stanford University Press, 1990.
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Vickery, Amanda. Behind Closed Doors: At Home in Georgian England. Yale University Press, 2019.
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Wijdicks, Eelco F. M. Procurement after Brain Death. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190662493.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses the practice of organ procurement, including the family’s, physician’s, and organ procurement organization’s roles in this process. Procurement of donated organs is a major clinical undertaking requiring close monitoring and treatment by transplantation coordinators. Most importantly, consent for organ donation is discussed with the family, after the patient has been declared brain dead, and this chapter provides a thorough summary of these discussions. There are many physiological challenges to maintaining the viability of the organ donor, and these are discussed in detail. Each of the major physiological derangements and respective care are discussed. Medical management of the donor is aimed at anticipating the normal physiological changes with brain death and achieving optimal organ perfusion and minimizing ischemic injury.
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Allen, Richard D. M., and Henry C. C. Pleass. Donor and recipient kidney transplantation surgery. Edited by Jeremy R. Chapman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0278_update_001.
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Kidney transplant surgery is for thinking surgeons who enjoy being part of a multidisciplinary transplant team. Good ones recognize the small margin for error and avoid difficulties by careful preparation and anticipation of potential pitfalls. Progressively, their role has gained in significance and is now the most important variable in kidney graft loss in the first 6 months after transplantation. Deceased organ donation is complex, expensive, and insufficient in numbers to meet the demand for kidney transplantation. Living donor surgery is therefore a procedure of necessity. Laparoscopic approaches have obvious benefits to the patient but are not operations for the beginner. There are few remaining stalwarts of the open nephrectomy procedure. Because of the limited length of the donor ureter, kidney transplant procedures involve placement of the donor kidney into a heterotopic position with vascular anastomoses to the iliac vessels. No two procedures are the same. Observation of the transplanted kidney changing from a flaccid and pale appearance to one that is firm and pink, and within seconds of removing vascular clamps, is an unforgettable experience for the first timer. Even better is the sight of urine, minutes later. Good transplant centres select their new surgeons carefully!
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Rose, David C. The Fall of Flourishing Societies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199330720.003.0007.
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This chapter explains why as free market democracies grow and support ever more mass flourishing, both the abuse and the neglect problems associated with the cultural commons intensify. As the abuse problem gets harder to recognize, the neglect problem worsens even further. Falling trust opens the door to redistributive and regulatory favoritism which, in turn, actuates political tribalism that is shown to reduce trust in the democratic system. The theory of market failure is shown to produce an important distinction in the proper role of government that helps avoid this downward spiral whereby democracy sows the seeds of its own demise. This has important implications for the emergence of new beliefs that are deleterious to high-trust societies and that allow the proliferation of corruption and points to a civic role for trust-producing moral beliefs.
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Matthew Carnes, S. J. Contributions of Contemporary Political Science to an Understanding of the Common Good. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190670054.003.0002.
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The transformation of political science in recent decades opens the door for a new but so far poorly cultivated examination of the common good. Four significant “turns” characterize the modern study of politics and government. Each is rooted in the discipline’s increased emphasis on empirical rigor, with its attendant scientific theory-building, measurement, and hypothesis testing. Together, these new orientations allow political science to enrich our understanding of causality, our basic definitions of the common good, and our view of human nature and society. In particular, the chapter suggests that traditional descriptions of the common good in Catholic theology have been overly irenic and not sufficiently appreciative of the role of contention in daily life, on both a national and international scale.
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Decoeur, Henri. The Potential Role of the UN Security Council in the Suppression of State Organized Crime. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823933.003.0008.
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Chapter 7 discusses the potential role of the UN Security Council in the suppression of state organized crime. It suggests that in situations involving armed violence or a terrorist threat, state organized crime can be characterized as a threat to the peace, which opens the door for the adoption by the Security Council of coercive measures under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. It proposes that the Security Council require UN member states to establish state organized crime as a criminal offence in their domestic law and to cooperate to bring offenders to justice. It also proposes that the Security Council require member states to freeze the assets owned by state officials suspected of being involved in state organized crime.
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Dorr, Lisa Lindquist. A Thousand Thirsty Beaches. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469643274.001.0001.
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Lisa Lindquist Dorr tells the story of the vast smuggling network that brought high-end distilled spirits and, eventually, other cargoes (including undocumented immigrants) from Great Britain and Europe through Cuba to the United States between 1920 and the end of Prohibition. Because of their proximity to liquor-exporting islands, the numerous beaches along the southern coast presented ideal landing points for smugglers and distribution points for their supply networks. From the warehouses of liquor wholesalers in Havana to the decks of rum runners to transportation networks heading northward, Dorr explores these operations, from the people who ran the trade to the determined efforts of the U.S. Coast Guard and other law enforcement agencies to stop liquor traffic on the high seas, in Cuba, and in southern communities. In the process, she shows the role smuggling played in creating a more transnational, enterprising, and modern South.
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Horne, Gerald. World War Looms. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252041198.003.0004.
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This chapter describes how Claude Barnett began to collect material on racial problems in South America. It was at this point that Barnett and the Associated Negro Press (ANP) assumed more forcefully the role of the Negro's State Department, inquiring persistently about barriers strewn in the path of African Americans who sought to travel abroad. The ANP contacted the Brazilian embassy in Washington about the alleged barring of U.S. Negroes, though their charges were met with denials. Furthermore, the Mexican government irritably denied that it barred African Americans from arriving south of the border, after being accused thusly by Barnett. Meanwhile, the ANP did not necessarily come to this issue with clean hands, for it could be accused easily of falling victim to nativist bias in objecting to Latin American migration to the United States, as it demanded an open door for African Americans to enter other nations.
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Wingard, John R. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199938568.003.0300.
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This chapter starts by explaining that the goal of allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the establishment of donor hematopoiesis and immunity in the recipient to treat an antecedent marrow failure disorder or to achieve a graft-versus-cancer effect to treat a neoplastic disease. The goal of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is very different from allogeneic HSCT. In autologous HSCT, the goal of the graft is simpler: it is to rescue the myelotoxic effects of high-dose chemotherapy. Neutropenia is shorter, cellular immunodeficiency is less profound, and immune reconstitution is quicker. Infectious exposures before transplant play an important role after transplant. Although an infection may be effectively treated and under good control before transplant, reactivation may occur after transplant. The search for risk factors that can identify individuals at greatest risk for various types of infection has led to the identification of neutropenia, lymphopenia (or low CD4+ cell counts), low levels of immunoglobulin, and GVHD, prior infection by organisms that may persist in the recipient or donor, and a number of other factors in certain situations. The chapter concludes that one of the biggest challenges is distinguishing infection from some other noninfectious etiology of a syndrome.
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Fonneland, Trude. The Festival Isogaisa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678821.003.0005.
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In this chapter, I examine stories, products, and services that take shape as a Sámi shaman festival opens its doors to the public for the first time. I ask what is included in the marketing of the Isogaisa festival as an appealing happening. I further explore the role the past and Sámi indigenous religion play in the production of experiences that takes place, and examine how what is distinctly local at Isogaisa is highlighted on the basis of global structures and organizations to create interest for a chosen product and a specific destination.
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Ackerly, Brooke A. The Rights Kind of Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0008.
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Just responsibility is a way of taking responsibility for all forms of global injustice (not just women’s human rights) and to all people, even those who consider themselves removed from the politics of global injustice (though they want to be engaged). Chapter 7 applies the theory to taking responsibility through the enactment of roles in the political economy—those of consumer, donor, worker, and activist—and beyond. It summarizes the view of political community, accountability, and leadership essential to transformative politics. Just responsibility is more than a normative theory of human rights principles. It is also a normative political theory of how to carry out those principles not only in the practices proscribed by our roles in the political economy, but also in imaginative practices that defy the boundaries of those roles in order to transform the political economy. Just responsibility is a human rights theory of global justice.
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Ledger, Alison. Developing New Posts in Music Therapy. Edited by Jane Edwards. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639755.013.18.
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Many music therapists join an organization as the first employee in the role, and consequently are the first music therapist that many of their new colleagues will have met. This chapter provides information about the challenges of introducing music therapy to established workplaces, securing funding and resources, gaining acceptance from interprofessional team members, and determining a role for music therapy. The ways in which music therapy can become an integral part of a healthcare or education organization are explored. Published accounts indicate that the development of music therapy posts can be facilitated or restricted by a range of complex forces, such as historical factors, power dynamics, organizational cultures, and a music therapist’s relationships with other workers. From the sparse information available about music therapy start up, it is not possible to establish clear causal links between influential factors. It is likely that successful start-up depends on a complex range of context-based factors, and the key to gaining entry in one practice setting may not necessarily open the door in another. Furthermore, the development of new posts may be influenced by power dynamics within the organization, and a music therapist’s relationships with other workers. Literature that describes how music therapists have navigated this complexity are reviewed and discussed.
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Muthukumar, Thangamani, Darshana Dadhania, Choli Hartono, and Manikkam Suthanthiran. Immunology, sensitization, and histocompatibility. Edited by Jeremy R. Chapman. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0279.
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Allograft rejection of the histo-incompatible allograft involves a highly orchestrated action of multiple cell types and mediators, with lymphocytes responsible for the identification of the foreignness of the allograft. The immune response directed against the donor is primarily, but not exclusively, directed at the donor’s major histocompatibility complex region class I and class II proteins. This chapter describes the immunobiology of the T cell and the role of human leucocyte antigens in clinical transplantation, thus identifying the targets for manipulation of the immune response by immune suppressants and through strategies designed to create a state of tolerance of the allograft.
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Sandford, Richard. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0308_update_001.
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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a diagnosis typically made following imaging of the renal tract. The characteristic features of enlarged bilateral polycystic kidneys with or without liver cysts and a positive family history allow a secure diagnosis to be made for the majority of affected individuals. Other conditions may mimic ADPKD and features of these diseases should always be sought before making a diagnosis. Genetic testing for ADPKD is now widely available and its use in clinical practice is being evaluated. It is likely to have a role in cases with diagnostic uncertainty, living related donor assessment, and pre-symptomatic testing in addition to reproductive planning.
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Kim, Hyunsoon. Korean speakers’ perception of Japanese geminates. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754930.003.0015.
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This chapter investigates whether the grammar of a recipient language (L1) plays a role in borrowing words of a donor language (L2), by exploring Korean (L1) speakers’ perception of Japanese (L2) geminates. Eighty Seoul Korean subjects were asked to listen to Japanese words with the voiceless geminates [p:, t:, k:, s:], which are grouped as frequently and infrequently used in Korea. It was found that the Japanese geminates were mainly perceived either as the coda fricative /s/ and an onset fortis consonant or as an onset fortis with no coda. The results provide empirical evidence for an L1 grammar-driven borrowing process with the three intermediate steps of L1 perception, L1 lexicon, and L1 phonology between L2 acoustic input (= L1 input) and L1 output.
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Hall, David D. The Puritans. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691151397.001.0001.
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This book is a sweeping transatlantic history of Puritanism from its emergence out of the religious tumult of Elizabethan England to its founding role in the story of America. Shedding critical new light on the diverse forms of Puritan belief and practice in England, Scotland, and New England, the book provides a multifaceted account of a cultural movement that judged the Protestant reforms of Elizabeth's reign to be unfinished. The book describes the movement's deeply ambiguous triumph under Oliver Cromwell, its political demise with the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, and its perilous migration across the Atlantic to establish a “perfect reformation” in the New World. It examines the tribulations and doctrinal dilemmas that led to the fragmentation and eventual decline of Puritanism. It presents a compelling portrait of a religious and political movement that was divided virtually from the start. In England, some wanted to dismantle the Church of England entirely and others were more cautious, while Puritans in Scotland were divided between those willing to work with a troublesome king and others insisting on the independence of the state church. The book traces how Puritanism was a catalyst for profound cultural changes in the early modern Atlantic world, opening the door for other dissenter groups such as the Baptists and the Quakers, and leaving its enduring mark on what counted as true religion in America.
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Patibandla, Murali. International Trade and Investment Behaviour of Firms. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190126865.001.0001.
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During last four decades the world has been significantly impacted by globalization and rapid technological changes. This in turn had major effects on the global economy. Several developing and socialist economies that earlier followed closed door and import substitution policies started to open their economies to world trade and investments. Some such countries, as India, managed to achieve a degree of economic prosperity over the last few years after opening their economy. The analyses in this book show that there are significant benefits from international trade and investment to emerging economies that possess critical-level initial conditions in technology, infrastructure, and ease of doing business, and have friendly policies. Focusing on Indian firms, the book spans the period from the pre-reform era to the post-reform era, when the market was responding to policy reforms and global market dynamics. It analyses firm-level behaviour with systematic theory and corresponding rigorous econometrics and qualitative information from field study across the country. In the Pre-reforms era, it was mostly small and medium scale firms that contributed to exports while most large firms were inward oriented in search of monopoly profits. This changed significant in the Post-reform era owing increased competitive conditions especially multinational firms. Large firms started to play important role in international trade and investment behaviour by acquiring world class technology and organizational practices.
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Senior, Donald. The Bible and Catholicism. Edited by Paul C. Gutjahr. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258849.013.13.
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The role of the Bible in Roman Catholicism in the United States has been shaped both by the history and teaching of the universal Catholic Church and by the particular social and religious context of North America. Catholic religious authorities in Europe viewed modern historical-critical methods of biblical interpretation with suspicion, a stance that also roiled the study and use of the Bible in American Catholicism. The impact of the Second Vatican Council opened the doors to the use of modern methods in biblical interpretation and sparked a strong biblical renewal in American Catholicism. The Protestant appeal to scripture (widespread in the United States) and the advent of ecumenism in Catholicism also contributed to an ever-growing popular use of the Bible in Catholic theology, catechesis, and devotional life.
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Buchman, Andrew. “Growing Pains”. Edited by Robert Gordon. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195391374.013.0007.
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Revised drastically while in production in 1981, cast with actors aged sixteen to twenty-six, the tuneful, experimental musicalMerrily We Roll Along, adapted from an unsuccessful play by Kaufman and Hart from 1934, closed after fifty-two previews and sixteen performances. Major revisions and fine-tunings madeMerrilymore accessible, but less avant-garde. Early revisions to the Faustian central character in the original opening scene (here examined via archival scripts, scores, and video) were not sufficient to solve the show’s dramaturgical conundrums, and the scene was reworked into a choral prologue. The latest version examined here is a well-cast 2002 revival archived on video. The tour de force (and largely unaltered) scena “Opening Doors,” the only song Sondheim has acknowledged as autobiographical, illuminates the complex, yet often hummable songs and ensembles that constituteMerrily’s enduring glories.
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Harp, Gillis J. Protestants and American Conservatism. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199977413.001.0001.
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Protestant beliefs have made several significant contributions to conservatism, both in the more abstract realm of ideas and in the arena of political positions or practical policies. First, they have sacralized the established social order, valued and defended customary hierarchies; they have discouraged revolt or rebellion; they have prompted Protestants to view the state as an active moral agent of divine origin; and they have stressed the importance of community life and mediating institutions such as the family and the church and occasionally provided a modest check on an individualistic and competitive impulse. Second, certain shared tenets facilitated this conjunction of Protestantism and conservatism, most often when substantial change loomed. For example, common concerns of the two dovetailed when revivals challenged the religious status quo during the colonial Great Awakening, when secession and rebellion threatened federal authority during the Civil War, when a new type of conservatism emerged, and dismissed the older sort as paternalistic, when the Great Depression opened the door to a more intrusive state, when atheist communism challenged American individualism, and, finally, when the cultural changes of the 1960s undermined traditional notions of the family and gender roles. Third, certain Christian ideas and assumptions have, at their best, served to heighten or ennoble conservative discourse, sometimes raising it above merely partisan or pragmatic concerns. Protestantism added a moral and religious weight to conservative beliefs and helped soften the harshness of an acquisitive, sometimes cutthroat, economic order.
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Saugera, Valérie. From English to French. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625542.003.0003.
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The chapter presents a brief history of the contact of French with English, from 18th-century Anglomania to the global English of the turn of the 21st century, in order to contextualize the singularity of the latest contact period. It then chronicles the changes that commonly occur as donor words become new French words. These changes, illustrated with many borrowed items from the period of virtual contact (1990–2015), can be classified as grammatical shift, semantic shift, stylistic shift, and connotative shift. Beyond demonstrating that an English etymon masks heterogeneous types of French Anglicisms, an up-to-date typology shows how English morphemes are used in novel word-formation devices, such as serial bilingual compounds. The borrowing of phrases plays a marginal yet innovative role in French, including emphasis and punning, and raises the issue of typologies for borrowed/neological phrases.
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Oriolo, Anna. Introductory Note. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190848194.003.0025.
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With the completion of the Appeals Chamber’s Nyiramasuhuko et al. (or Butare) case, the ICTR formally closed its doors on 31 December 2015 with a verdict that has gone down in history on the grounds that Pauline Nyiramasuhuko, the only female to be indicted by the ICTR, is the first woman to be charged (and convicted) for genocide and rape as crimes against humanity before an international court. Since its opening in 1995, the Tribunal has indicted ninety-three individuals comprising high-ranking military and government officials, politicians, businessmen as well as religious, militia and media leaders, concluding proceedings for eighty-five accused. Throughout its two decades of work, the Tribunal produced a substantial body of jurisprudence on genocide and other serious violations of international humanitarian law, playing a pioneering role in establishing a credible international criminal justice system.
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McCleary, Richard, David McDowall, and Bradley J. Bartos. Internal Validity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190661557.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 begins with an outline and description of five threats to internal validity common to time series designs: history, maturation, instrumentation, regression, and selection. Given the fundamental role of prediction in the modern scientific method, scientific hypotheses are necessarily causal. After an outline of the evolving definition of “causality” in the social sciences, contemporary Rubin causality or counterfactual causality is introduced. Under the assumption that subjects were randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups, Rubin’s causal model allows one to estimate the unobserved causal parameter from observed data. Control time series are chosen so as to render plausible threats to internal validity implausible. An appropriate control time series may not exist, however, an ideal time series may be possible to construct. Synthetic control group models construct a control time series that optimally recreates the treated unit’s preintervention trend using a combination of untreated donor pool units.
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Marshall, Katherine. Religion, Politics, and Economic Development. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.3.
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This article explores the interrelationships among religion, politics, and economic development, with emphasis on the transnational dimensions of religious interactions with development institutions and thinking. It highlights the disconnects and tensions between the worlds of development and faith, as well as their synergies. It shows how the political dimensions of religious and development politics take very different forms in different parts of the world by citing the experiences of a number of countries such as the Philippines, Guatemala, Kenya, Morocco, and Cambodia. The focus is on the role of religion in international relations and in the broader politics of development. Two major religious actors that are especially visible and have a major transnational influence are the Catholic Church and Islam. The article also considers events that have opened eyes and doors on how faith and development are intertwined, particularly the HIV and AIDS pandemic.
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Frey, Bruno S., and Jana Gallus. Types of Awards. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798507.003.0003.
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Awards serve to honour and motivate performance that goes ‘beyond the call of duty’ and thus indicates extra-role behaviours. Recipients may be persons, organizations, or even cities. Awards establish a special relationship between the recipient and the donor. Confirmatory awards are given based on clearly defined and observable achievements. They are similar to bonus pay. In contrast, discretionary award givers enjoy leeway in deciding whom to honour. This type of award acknowledges laudable behaviour ex post and is not a reward individuals normally expect to receive. Discretionary awards allow the givers to respond to the unexpected. Awards are highly appreciated by most recipients and, under most circumstances, are therefore in high demand. They signal appreciation and recognition, and may provide social status and entail material advantages. Awards may also raise the prospect of a more successful career and higher future income. There is an almost limitless demand for honours.