Academic literature on the topic 'Roman archeology'
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Journal articles on the topic "Roman archeology"
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Del Hoyo Calleja, Javier, and Mariano Rodríguez Ceballos. "Un erudito ignorado, José Martínez Rives. Epigrafía romana procedente de Clunia en un manuscrito olvidado = An Ignored Scholar, José Martínez Rives. Roman Epigraphy from Clunia in a Forgotten Manuscript." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie II, Historia Antigua, no. 32 (November 7, 2019): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfii.32.2019.23907.
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Los autores rescatan del olvido a José Martínez Rives, polifacético escritor del siglo XIX, que elaboró en 1846 un informe sobre la arqueología de la provincia de Burgos, en el que incluyó nueve inscripciones latinas procedentes de la colonia romana de Clunia, de las que una —hoy desaparecida— ha permanecido inédita.AbstractThe authors present José Martínez Rives, a nineteenth-century multifaceted writer, who undertook a report in 1846 about the archeology of the province of Burgos, which includes nine Latin inscriptions from the Roman colony of Clunia, one of which —now gone— has remained unpublished.
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Flores Gutiérrez, Mariano, Álvaro Romero Soria, Juan Martínez García, Sebastián F. Ramallos Asensio, and Alicia Fernández Díaz. "Visualización virtual de la Quintilla." Virtual Archaeology Review 4, no. 9 (November 5, 2013): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2013.4265.
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<p>In this article we give an overview of the production process of the virtual reconstrucción virtual archeology. While Referring to the Roman town of Lorca Limerick show the proper steps virtualizatión purchase.</p>
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Teixeira Bastos, Marcio, Maria Isabel D'Agostino Fleming, and Vagner Carvalheiro Porto. "ARQUEOLOGIA CLÁSSICA E AS HUMANIDADES DIGITAIS NO BRASIL." Cadernos do LEPAARQ (UFPEL) 14, no. 27 (June 29, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/lepaarq.v14i27.10544.
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RESUMO: O artigo aborda os Estudos Clássicos desenvolvidos no Brasil sob a perspectiva das novas tecnologias empregadas no Laboratório de Arqueologia Romana Provincial do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da Universidade de São Paulo (LARP/MAE-USP). Discute a relevância das Humanidades Digitais para a Arqueologia no meio acadêmico e os benefícios da plataforma ArcGis e dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica aliados às questões de pesquisas que lidam com Arqueometria e Ciberarqueologia. Priorizando o conhecimento das províncias romanas através dos seus respectivos desenvolvimentos regionais, o artigo percorre novas vias de diálogo e entendimento das práticas transculturais e transregionais como forma de potencializar a pesquisa arqueológica sobre o Mediterrâneo Antigo no Brasil.ABSTRACT: This paper deals with the development of Classical Archaeology in Brazil from the perspective of the new technologies used in the Laboratory for Roman Provincial Archaeology of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnology of the University of São Paulo (LARP / MAE-USP). It discusses the relevance of the Digital Humanities to Archeology in the Brazilian academic environment and the benefits of the ArcGis platform and the Geographic Information Systems combined with Archeometry and Cyber-Archeology approaches. This paper aims to open new avenues for dialogue by means of enhancing archeological research about ancient Mediterranean in Brazil.
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Bulyk, Natalia. "In Austrian, Polish and Soviet Lviv: prosopographical portrait of Markiyan-Orest Smishko." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 24 (December 24, 2020): 11–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2020-24-11-46.
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This article is dedicated to famous Lviv archaeologist Markian-Orest Smishko, whose 120-th anniversary is celebrated by the scientific community on November 7, 2020. The life and scientific activity of archaeologists during periods of different political regimes are displayed on the basis of a large source base. Lion’s share of the researcher’s archives is preserved in Lviv. However, most of them, in particular, materials from the family archive, were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. M. Smishko was born, lived and worked all his life in Lviv. His formation as an archaeologist can be dated back to the interwar period and is associated with the Polish University of Lviv. Till 1939, he discovered, researched, and put into scientific circulation a large number of archaeological sites that made his name well-known. Special place in his scientific research of this time belongs to sites of the Early Roman period. Simultaneously, M. Smishko conducted classes for students, took part on scientific grants, organized archaeological collection of the University and restored archaeological finds. He was one of L. Kozłowski’s favorite pupils. The next stage of M. Smishko’s life is connected with academic archeology of Lviv. From 1940 to 1961, M. Smishko headed the Department of Archeology, which was a leading academic institution in western Ukraine. Initially, it was Lviv Department of the Institute of Archeology of Academy of Sciences of USSR, and since February 1951 – Department of Archeology of the Institute of Social Sciences of Academy of Sciences of USSR. Here M. Smishko showed himself best as a scientist and organizer of academic activity, carried out his most resonant field research, published most important scientific works, including «Карпатські кургани І тисячоліття нашої ери» («Carpathian barrows of the first millennium AD») (1960) in which he distinguished a separate archaeological culture of Carpathian Tumuli, defended his doctoral dissertation (1965), raised a whole constellation of his pupils and followers. Key words: Markian Smishko, barrows, cemeteries, burial sites, Early Slavic archeology, Roman period, Carpathian Tumuli culture, glass workshop, Komariv.
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Malka, Orit. "Disqualified Witnesses between Tannaitic Halakha and Roman Law: The Archeology of a Legal Institution." Law and History Review 37, no. 4 (July 3, 2019): 903–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073824801900018x.
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Contemporary Western legal systems allow any individual to serve as a witness and to testify in court. However, in legal regimes from late antiquity we find strict limitations on the eligibility of certain types of people to serve as witnesses. Some of the lists of disqualified witnesses are very particular, thus inviting explanation of the reasons for the specific rules of disqualification. Such is the case regarding both Jewish and Roman rules of disqualification, which are the topic of this paper. Tannaitic halakha, composed in Roman Palestine between the first and third centuries CE, includes a list of four characters disqualified from giving testimony, which has long defied interpretation: “a dice player, a usurer, pigeon flyers, and traders in Seventh Year produce”. This paper offers a novel approach to the study of this list, suggesting that the rabbis drew on the Roman legal institution of infamia when constructing their own laws regarding disqualified witnesses. Beyond solving a puzzle relating to Jewish law, the paper also sheds light on the inner logic of Roman law, maintaining that Jewish and Roman rules of disqualified witnesses are commonly grounded in an ethics of self-control. By drawing attention to this previously unnoted theoretical subtext, the paper contributes to a missing chapter in the global history of evidence admissibility rules.
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Calonge Miranda, Adrián. "El mantenimiento del entramado viario romano en época medieval en La Rioja. Algunos casos de estudio = The Survival of the Roman Road Network in Medieval Times in La Rioja. Several Case Studies." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval, no. 33 (April 21, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfiii.33.2020.25532.
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Con la caída política del Imperio Romano de Occidente en el año 476, su entramado viario siguió en servicio y constituyó una de las principales bases económicas y militares de los diferentes poderes que fueron surgiendo. Tomando como ejemplo el valle medio del Ebro (La Rioja y las provincias de Burgos y Álava), se van a estudiar tres calzadas de origen romano que siguieron en uso durante la Edad Media. Así mismo, con el estudio del patrón de asentamiento de las iglesias, las fortalezas con centros religiosos y el hábitat en cuevas, se va a reforzar la tesis de la pervivencia de las calzadas romanas en la región. Para ello se han utilizado fuentes documentales medievales e información procedente de la arqueología.AbstractSince the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, its network of roadways remained in service and became one of the main economic and military pillars of the different powers that were born of it. Focussing on the geographical area of the Middle Ebro valley (La Rioja and part of the provinces of Burgos and Alava) we will study three roadways of Roman origin that continued in use throughout the Middle Ages. By studying the settlement pattern of churches, fortresses with religious centres, and cave dwellings, we may strengthen the theory of the survival of Roman roadways in the region. For this purpose, medieval documentary sources and data provided by archeology will be used.
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Rovira i Juan, Josep Maria. "Web didáctica: “Cabrera de Mar, arqueologia i patrimoni”. Un ejemplo de reconstrucción o anastilosis virtual de yacimientos y paisajes arqueológicos íberos, romanos y medievales. La infografía al servicio de la arqueología, del patrimonio y de la educación." Virtual Archaeology Review 1, no. 2 (May 25, 2010): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2010.4722.
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<p>Presentation of the educational Web www.cabrerademarpatrimoni.cat “Cabrera de Mar, arqueología i patrimoni”. Web whose central objective disclosure (to the general public, but especially to our elementary and secondary students) of archeology and heritage Iberian, Roman, medieval and modern, making it understandable to make the content and value that has no doubt to educate in the values of heritage and its preservation. The thread and the most characteristic element is anastilosis or virtual reconstruction of archaeological sites. Throughout the communication is intended to answer the question "what is, for what it is, and as for who is it? With the teaching’s Web that we present today.</p>
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Martire, Alex Da Silva. "CIBERARQUEOLOGIA: O DIÁLOGO ENTRE REALIDADE VIRTUAL E ARQUEOLOGIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE VIPASCA ANTIGA." Cadernos do LEPAARQ (UFPEL) 14, no. 27 (June 29, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/lepaarq.v14i27.10391.
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RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta os conceitos principais que estão relacionados à área da Ciberarqueologia: um ramo recente dentro da Arqueologia que estabelece o diálogo entre Realidade Virtual e os trabalhos arqueológicos. Primeiramente é apresentado o panorama da história da cibernética a fim de contextualizar a Realidade Virtual. Depois são discutidas as definições de real e virtual. Por fim, é apresentada a prática ciberarqueológica por meio do aplicativo Vipasca Antiga: um simulador interativo sobre uma antiga área de mineração romana hoje pertencente ao território de Portugal. ABSTRACT: This article presents the main concepts that are related to Cyber-Archaeology: a recent development within archaeology that establishes a dialogue between Virtual Reality and archaeological works. First an overview of the history of cybernetics is presented in order to contextualize Virtual Reality. Then the real and virtual definitions are discussed. Finally, the cyberarchaeological practice (i.e. the dialogue between cybernetics and archeology) is presented through the Vipasca Antiga application: an interactive simulator about an ancient Roman mining area now belonging to the territory of Portugal, and the final product of my PhD research.
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Bastos, Marcio Teixeira. "Emerging distribution networks of Roman pottery in the Ancient Mediterranean: the sigillata clay lamps of Proconsular Africa." Heródoto: Revista do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre a Antiguidade Clássica e suas Conexões Afro-asiáticas 3, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 132–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31669/herodoto.v3n2.13.
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This paper surveys the use of Network Science, especially the role of ArchaeologicalNetworks to the study of Archeology and Ancient History. Networkthinking and network science are valuable methodologies and analytical techniquesto apply to the study clay lamps in the framework of Roman economy.The recent application of network analysis in Antiquity and Archaeology hasdemonstrated that there are a variety of approaches to recognizing networkpatterns or thinking about phenomena as products of networked processes.Provincial connectivity is one of the most debated aspects of Roman economics,and ceramic consumption patterns in the interior and coastal regions ofAfrica Proconsularis have proven to be very different. The dominant tendencyto turn to the communities formed and structured around native identities,especially those based in the major urban centers and larger areas, seems toestablish itself as an argument for the economy and exchanges of the RomanEmpire. This types of networks helped to spread ideas and religious symbolsthrough clay lamps. Africa Proconsular demonstrates evidence that the ceramicworkshops emerged as networks in order to established themselves seekingto meet the Mediterranean demand and religious consumption.
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Fragata, Ana, Jorge Ribeiro, Carla Candeias, Ana Velosa, and Fernando Rocha. "Archaeological and Chemical Investigation on the High Imperial Mosaic Floor Mortars of the Domus Integrated in the Museum of Archaeology D. Diogo de Sousa, Braga, Portugal." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 8267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178267.
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This paper intends to characterize the floor mortar layers (nucleus, rudus and statumen) of the high imperial mosaics of the domus integrated in the Museum of Archeology D. Diogo de Sousa, the oldest roman housing testimonies known in Braga, Portugal. It offers an important archaeological and historical contextualization and first chemical characterization attempt on the mortars. The study of 13 mortar samples was carried out at a chemical level through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). All samples presented low lime content when compared to similar studies. A high chemical similarity between nucleus mortars (opus signinum) and chemical composition differences between rudus and statumen mortars was determined, confirmed by statistical analyses. Their composition was distinctly related to the stratigraphic position of each floor mortar layer, following Vitruvius’ model, and to the external conditions and treatments (e.g., capillary rise with soluble salts and application of chemical treatments), to which they were submitted.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Roman archeology"
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Armstrong, Naja Regina. "Round temples in Roman architecture of the Republic through the late Imperial period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6bf53ac0-87a0-443c-8daa-f7b710196c4b.
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Roman round temples are usually discussed either in the context of round buildings like baths and mausolea or on a case-by-case basis. Both approaches fail to reveal what makes round temples a distinct architectural type and moreover, what reasons can account for their use throughout the Roman world. By examining round temples from the Republic, when they are first attested, to the early fourth century AD, this thesis aims to explain why the round form had such a lasting appeal. It follows a chronological approach, discussing the evidence for individual temples and situating them within their historical, social, topographical, and architectural contexts. In a comparative analysis, the building components, materials, techniques, decorative details, and proportions employed by round temples are outlined to reveal influences on their design. The round temples discussed in this study are concentrated in Italy, Greece, and Asia Minor. While the earliest examples in Rome draw on Italic traditions, from the late Republic, round temples begin to reflect Greek trends. Greek tholoi and the Greek decorative repertory, balanced by Roman developments in design, have a lasting influence on round temples. Based on tholoi, scholars have assumed that Roman round temples honored Vesta and divinized heroes. While they were celebrated with a few examples, the majority were dedicated to other gods and goddesses. As a result, religious, social, topographical and aesthetic reasons are proposed to explain the enduring appeal of round temples. Like the motivations behind their foundations, the plans, dimensions, and proportional relationships employed by round temples are noted for their diversity. For their individuality and inventive spirit, round temples make a significant contribution to the Roman architectural repertory.
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Leitch, Victoria. "Production and trade of Roman and Late Roman African cookwares." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:97eb3a98-9cae-4b7a-8035-fcb258b3dc3a.
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This thesis is a comprehensive investigation of Roman African cookwares that examines their contribution to studies on the consequences of the incorporation of Africa into the Roman imperial economy. It aims to synthesise and analyse the most significant evidence and examines how the flow of capital, technical knowledge and people, between provinces and regions, affected production, trade and distribution trends. The technology and organisation of Roman African cookware production are examined first, in order to create a solid foundation for the following distribution study. Scientific analyses of African cookware samples from production and consumption sites offer important additions to our knowledge of the fabric composition, technical superiority, provenance and movement of these wares around the Mediterranean. The key discussion focuses on the commercial dynamics of Roman African cookwares from local, regional and Mediterranean-wide perspectives. Beginning at the production sites, the research investigates the management and transportation of these wares from major ports in Africa Proconsularis to Mediterranean ports, and beyond. A chronological assessment of the evolution of cookware production and trade in relation to periods of political and economic change reveals the significant contribution these wares can make towards tracing and even anticipating major stages in the evolution and eventual decline of Roman economic systems. Other key achievements include the creation of a new illustrated typology with profile drawings of all the cookware forms; a gazetteer of all known African cookware production sites and the forms they produced; and a synthesis and catalogue of African cookware fabrics. The importance of this research lies in the fact that although the abundance of Roman African cookwares on Mediterranean sites is well recognised, a catalogue and analysis of production and trade has never previously been attempted.
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Lodwick, Lisa A. "An archaeobotanical analysis of Silchester and the wider region across the late Iron Age-Roman transition." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fcfc1f93-3f58-405d-a133-4f36fee57627.
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The separation of agricultural practice from urban communities has long been understood as a key defining feature of urban societies. This thesis investigates the relationship between developments in agriculture and urbanisation in Late Iron Age and Roman Britain. The Late Iron Age period saw the rise of oppida, characterised by extensive dyke systems, the presence of elites and imported material culture. Three models of the agricultural basis of oppida are currently available: agricultural innovations, surplus production, and non-arable settlements. These three models have been evaluated through three methods: the analysis of charred, waterlogged and mineralised plant remains from Silchester, an oppidum and civitas capital in southern Britain; the quantitative analysis of secondary archaeobotanical data from the regional area of the Hampshire Downs and the Thames Valley; and the synthesis of archaeobotanical evidence for food and agriculture at oppida and Roman towns in Britain. Key findings are that spelt wheat and barley were cultivated at Late Iron Age Silchester in combination with a new crop (flax), new management techniques (hay meadows) and the consumption of new plant foods (olives, celery and coriander). Following the establishment of the Roman civitas capital, the agricultural basis continued unchanged for several decades before a re-organisation c. AD70/80, whereby crop-processing ceased within Silchester. The regional crop-processing and weed ecology analysis shows that arable farming was conducted at Silchester, and that large-scale handling of cereals was not occurring unlike at earlier hillforts, and later towns. The evidence for animal stabling, flax cultivation, haymaking, and new plant foods from Silchester are interpreted as representing the coalescence of a rural population, developing new farming techniques to cope with the nucleated population, and therefore supportive of internal models of oppida development.
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Nitsch, Erika K. "Stable isotope evidence for diet change in Roman and Medieval Italy : local, regional and continental perspectives." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:35befbc7-3167-4807-8db6-76b517e42ead.
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This thesis investigated dietary change in Roman and Medieval Europe c. AD 1-1500 using stable isotope analysis of humans and animals. Historical and archaeological data present two possibilities for how the social, political and economic changes of this period may have affected food practices. One argument suggests the population collapse and economic depression of the Early Medieval period increased the availability and consumption of meat. The counter- argument suggests that agricultural and economic patterns were constrained by local circumstances, and that no significant dietary change occurred. This study combined local-scale isotopic analysis from central Italy with a meta-analysis of all available previously published data from Europe c. AD 1-1500. Mixed multi-level models were used to control for random inter-site variation, and to investigate the effect of multiple factors (Phase, Location, proximity to coast, Age, Sex, Species) on d13C and d15N. Within central Italy, 430 humans and 29 animals were analysed from eight archaeological sites dating from the 5th century BC to the 15th century AD. There were no significant differences through time, but coastal sites had significantly higher d13C and urban sites had significantly higher d15N. Across Europe, Early Medieval humans (c. AD 500-1000) had slightly but significantly lower d13C and d15N compared to Roman and Late Medieval individuals. This was the opposite of the effect expected due to increasing meat consumption at this time. A number of complicating factors were discussed, including the effect of climate change, changing agricultural practices and uncertainty in estimating animal protein consumption based on d13C and d15N. When these effects are considered, the isotopic changes observed through time do not eliminate the possibility of increased meat consumption in the Early Medieval period. Nevertheless, the data presented from Roman Italy, and new models for estimating animal protein consumption, indicate that Roman historical sources may underestimate the dietary role of animal protein, and that therefore Roman and Early Medieval food production and consumption patterns were similar.
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Walton, Marc Sebastian. "A materials chemistry investigation of archaeological lead glazes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eb3eb473-d434-4f45-ac78-03b6f6de3649.
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In this thesis, the fabrication technology of Roman lead glazes were examined using a number of materials science techniques: namely, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The overall aim of this work was to discern particular technological styles for a wide group of lead glazes by quantifying the chemical and microstructural features of glaze production. Using experimental replication, it was found that two basic methods of glazing could be identified chemically. When applying PbO alone to an earthenware ceramic, the resulting glaze was in equilibrium with the ceramic as indicated by flat compositional profiles obtained along the glaze cross-section. However, when applying PbO·SiO2 mixtures to earthenware ceramics, gradient profiles indicative of diffusive mass transfer were obtained from the glaze cross-section. On the basis of these chemical criteria, these two methods of glazing were identified in archaeological material. It has been determined that the earliest lead glazes from Anatolia and Italy (approximately 1st century B.C.) were made using PbO·SiO2 mixtures applied to calcareous clays with Fe and Cu oxides added as colourants. Later production (post 2nd century A.D.), seems to have employed PbO alone applied to non-calcareous clays with no intentionally added colourants. The Roman production of lead glazes was compared to both those of Late Antiquity (4th – 10th centuries A.D.) which continued to use PbO applied to non-calcareous clays, and to those of Byzantine and Islamic contexts (8th – 14th centuries A.D.) which seem to have used PbO·SiO2 mixtures applied to both calcareous and non-calcareous clays. It is also argued that the technological features of the Byzantine and Islamic glaze production shared more in common with the contemporary Chinese lead glazing tradition (the Sancai wares of the 7th century A.D.) which also used PbO·SiO2 mixtures applied to non-calcareous clays, than with the Late Antique glazing tradition.
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Bell, Tyler. "The religious reuse of Roman structures in Anglo-Saxon England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f631fee6-5081-4c40-af85-61725776cbf6.
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This thesis examines the post-Roman and Anglo-Saxon religious reuse of Roman structures, particularly burials associated with Roman structures, and churches on or near Roman buildings. Although it is known that the Anglo-Saxons existed in and interacted with the vestigial, physical landscape of Roman Britain, the specific nature and result of this interaction has not been completely understood. The present study examines the Anglo-Saxon religious reuse of Roman structures in an attempt to understand the Anglo-Saxon perception of Roman structures and the impact they had on the developing ecclesiastical landscape. In particular, the study reveals how we may better understand the structural coincidence of Roman buildings and early-medieval religious activity in the light of the apparent discontinuity between many Roman and early-medieval landscapes in Britain. The study begins by providing an overview of the evidence for existing Roman remains in the Anglo-Saxon period. It examines the archaeological and historical evidence, and discusses literary references to Roman structures in an attempt to ascertain how the ruins of Roman villas, towns and forts would have been perceived. Particular attention is paid to The Ruin, a poem in Old English which provides us with our only contemporary description of Roman remains in Britain. The first chapter concludes by examining the evidence for the religious reuse of Roman secular structures in Gaul and Rome, providing a framework into which the evidence in the subsequent chapters is placed. The examination the proceeds to burials on or associated with Roman structures. It shows that the practice of interring the dead into Roman structures occurred between the fifth and eighth centuries, but peaked at the beginning of the seventh, with comparatively few sites at the extreme end of the data range. The discussion is based on the evidence of 115 sites that show this burial rite, but it is very apparent that this number is only a fragment of the whole, as these inhumations are often mistakenly identified as Roman, even when the stratigraphy demonstrates that burial occurred after the ruin of the villa, as is often the case. The placement of the bodies show a conscious reuse of the ruinous architecture, rather then suggesting interment was made haphazardly on the site: frequently the body is placed either centrally within a room, or is in contact with some part of the Roman fabric. Some examples suggest that there may have been a preference for apsidal rooms for this purpose. Churches associated with Roman buildings are then examined, and their significance in the development of the English Christian landscape is discussed. Churches of varying status – from minsters to chapels – can be found on Roman buildings throughout the country. Roman structures were clearly chosen for the sites of churches from the earliest Christian period into the tenth, and probably even the eleventh century. Alternatives to the so-called proprietary model are examined, and their origins and development are discussed, particularly in reference to the continental evidence. The end of the study places the thesis into a wider landscape context, and introduces potential avenues of further exploration using GIS. The study concludes that there are a number of causes underlying the religious reuse of Roman buildings, each not necessarily exclusive of the other, and that the study of these sites can further any investigation into the development of the ecclesiastical topography of England, and the eventual development of the parochial landscape.
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Mander, Jason. "Mors immatura : portraits of children on Roman funerary monuments in the west." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0b094a7a-5d36-410e-b3a0-3fe3227e4cb7.
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This thesis examines funerary iconography for evidence of Roman attitudes towards children, childhood and the family. Based on 690 portrait monuments drawn from select areas of the Western Empire, its central hypothesis is that the commemorations are best read as highly artificial constructs which reveal more about the social preoccupations of the commissioners than the lives of the children whom they represent. The first of the seven chapters defines the parameters of the accompanying catalogue and discusses the benefits of studying a diverse range of monuments (rather than isolated "show-pieces"). The methodological section which follows assesses the cultural limitations and identification problems inherent to funerary material and considers how the terms "child" and "portrait" are best defined in this medium. The four subsequent chapters analyse the following key areas: the ages, genders and attributes of children; the presentation and composition of the family; the iconography of surrogate and extended relationships; and the archaeological context of funerary display. In each case any emotional interpretations which surround the material are discussed and then countered with alternative, and better supported, social readings. It is argued that previous research has been based on samples which are too limited in terms of size, genre and geographical scope and influenced too heavily by a desire to prove parental benevolence and the existence of "love" and "affection" within the Roman household. By exposing demographic biases and iconographic problems, it is shown that commissioners were actually using the image of the child for overtly social purposes, with some of the results being subject to substantial, and hitherto unacknowledged, regional variation. The conclusion then reassesses a well-known example to show that while Roman parents did attach importance to their children, funerary evidence can only prove it to be of a social, rather than an emotional, nature.
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Franconi, Tyler Vaill. "The economic development of the Rhine river basin in the Roman period (30 BC - AD 406)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5f6cc4b5-ecb5-4a34-97b6-d5da14073e08.
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The economic development of frontier regions has been neglected in the study of the Roman economy. Traditional core/periphery models suggest that frontiers were marginal zones dependent on a wealthy Mediterranean core, and this view has dominated scholarship for more than thirty years. In light of recent work on the Roman economy, it is clear that many old models need to be reappraised; this thesis examines the economic development of frontiers through the case study of the Rhine River Basin. This region formed one of Rome’s northern frontiers for more than 400 years and has a rich tradition of detailed archaeological and historical research. Using data from the Rhine frontier, this thesis re-examines the nature of frontier economies, arguing that they were dynamic, versatile, and complex rather than subaltern and undeveloped. A new model, based in the analytic framework of economic geography, is suggested as a replacement in order to appreciate the realities and potential of frontier economies.
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Rice, Candace Michele. "Port economies and maritime trade in the Roman Mediterranean, 166 BC to AD 300." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:28fd607b-153c-4567-9302-511df590f6e6.
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This thesis focuses on the economies of Roman ports and their role in the facilitation and organization of maritime trade, combining both terrestrial and maritime archaeological evidence as well as literary and epigraphic material. The first half of the thesis examines Mediterranean ports from a panoptic level in order to address questions of systems of trade, connectivity and economic development. In doing so, I focus on three particular areas of material culture: ceramics, shipwreck cargoes (typically composed of amphorae, metal ingots or stone) and epigraphy. The second half of the thesis focuses on two case studies, southern Turkey and southern France. For each region, I explore the economic factors which led to the development of each region and the ways in which ports enabled this development. I consider the impact of landscape, the usage of natural resources and the extent of production for both local consumption and export. Importantly, I examine the regional connections of the two regions and their interactions within the wider Mediterranean. I develop a model for the development of ports along each coastline and their degree of integration into the trading network of the Roman Mediterranean. Building on this, it becomes possible to assess the extent and scale of extra-regional interaction and market integration. From the evidence presented in this thesis, I argue that ports were at the core of the Roman market economy and that the development of a port network allowed for the integration and interdependence of Mediterranean markets. This allowed for regional economic growth through the specialization in the production of goods for which a region had a comparative advantage.
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Mairat, Jerome. "The coinage of the Gallic Empire." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:58eb4e43-a6d5-4e93-adeb-f374b9749a7f.
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This thesis presents a new systematic arrangement of the coinage of the Gallic Empire as the basis for a revised edition of Roman Imperial Coinage. The coinage of all denominations, gold, silver and bronze, are unified into a single structure of issues. In 260, Postumus revolted against the Roman emperor Gallienus and took control of the Gauls. The chronology of his reign and of his successors is reviewed. The short reign of Domitianus II is interpreted as a revolt against the elevation of Tetricus. A rearrangement of Tetricus’s coinage supported by the epigraphic evidence proves that the elevation of Tetricus II to the Caesarship must be redated from 273 to 272. The location of the mints is discussed. Conclusive hoard evidence proves that the main mint was located at Trier, and not at Cologne. The study of iconography implies that choices were not necessarily made by the imperial authorities, but that more freedom was given to engravers than is usually assumed. The use of earlier coins as an iconographic repertoire strongly suggests that earlier coins were brought to the mint to be melted down. Metrological analyses of gold coins of the Gallic emperors show for the first time that silver was deliberately added to the alloy, following a practice introduced by Valerian and continued by Gallienus. The debasement of the ‘silver’ coinage is studied in parallel with its contemporary evolution within the Central Empire. Coin circulation is used in order to determine the frontiers of the Gallic Empire. It is demonstrated that the Gallic Empire reached its apogee between 262 and 265, ruling over Britain, the Gauls, Hispania and Raetia. The nature of the Gallic Empire is discussed. It is argued that this ‘Empire’ should not be viewed as a form of separatism, as often claimed, but as the unintended result of a status quo following Postumus’s acclamation and the long postponement of a final confrontation against the emperor of Rome.
Books on the topic "Roman archeology"
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Convegno, internazionale di studio su "L'Africa romana" (13th 1998 Ḥawmat al-Sūq Tunisia). L' Africa romana: Atti del XIII Convegno di studio, Djerba, 10-13 dicembre 1998. Roma: Carrocci, 2000.
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van, Ginkel Evert, ed. Romeins Nederland: Archeologie & geschiedenis van een grensgebied. Utrecht: Kosmos, 1993.
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Stasolla, Francesca Romana. Pro labandis curis: Il balneum tra tarda antichità e Medioevo. Roma: F.lli Palombi, 2002.
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Istre, Arheološki muzej, ed. Poluotok uronjen u more: Podmorska arheologija juzne Istre u antici : izložba = Peninsula Imersed in the Sea : Underwater Archeology of Southern Istria in Roman Antiquity : exhibition. Pula: Arheološki muzej Istre, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Roman archeology"
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Nevett, Lisa. "Family and Household, Ancient History and Archeology: A Case Study from Roman Egypt." In A Companion to Families in the Greek and Roman Worlds, 13–31. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444390766.ch1.
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Bucarelli, Ottavio. "Il tempio di Serapide sul Quirinale: note di archeologia e topografia tra Antichità e Medioevo." In The Roman Empire during the Severan Dynasty, edited by T. Corey Brennan and Eric C. De Sena, 207–26. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463214340-010.
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Vallverdú-Poch, Josep, and Marie-Agnès Courty. "Microstratigraphic Analysis of Level J Deposits: A Dual Paleoenvironmental-Paleoethnographic Contribution to Paleolithic Archeology at the Abric Romaní." In Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology, 77–133. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3922-2_4.
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Schwartz, Joshua J. "Archeology and the City,." In The City in Roman Palestine. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195098822.003.0014.
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The complexities of city life in the Roman period and the rich varieties of urban existence during that time have not always been revealed by the spade of the archeologist. Much mentioned in the literary sources of the time has not been uncovered in archeological excavations and even when perchance it has been, it has not always been correctly identified. In any case, the limitations of present-day research often make such identification all but impossible. For example, literary sources, both Jewish and non-Jewish, mention buildings or monuments in Late Roman period Caesarea. We know, however, very little about what this city or the buildings in it looked like. Moreover, there are dozens of unidentified “public buildings” that have been uncovered in the course of archeological excavations that await some shred of additional information or keen analysis to determine or to corroborate their purpose or function. Thus, it would be the lucky archeologist who would discover and excavate a tavern (kapelia) or a prison, for instance, in one of the Roman-period cities of the Land of Israel. And even if by chance he did discover a structure that fulfilled one of these functions, it is doubtful that he would ever really be able to prove it. Moreover, Roman-period cities were built to accentuate the public aspects of city life, and this type of building did not always tell the full story of urban life. Interurban competition and the occasional economic windfall often resulted in spurts of public building activity of a monumental and elaborate nature. There was often more form than substance behind this type of building, and occasionally this form was more vain, sterile, and ostentatious than the actual life of the city. The archeologist by nature, however, gravitates toward excavation of the grand. It is the public life of cities that archeologists try to reveal, and even this might be more fleeting than they are willing to admit. The more private aspects of urban existence often remain hidden or within the realm of the historian, not the archeologist.
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Jillions, John A. "Roman Corinth." In Divine Guidance, 15–30. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190055738.003.0002.
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This chapter gives the historical background of Corinth, its destruction by Roman forces in 146 BCE, and its establishment as a model Roman colony in 44 BCE. When Paul was there in the mid-first century it was a bustling crossroads of commerce and ideas. Archeology shows that Corinthian culture was still feeling the effects of the Roman Revolution under Augustus, which brought a distinctly Roman emphasis to all aspects of religion and society. Augustus himself had been very conscious of divine signs surrounding his elevation and rule. This had a marked effect on attitudes toward divine guidance in public worship and in household piety. In settings both public and private close observance of the religious traditions of Rome (whether or not one believed in them) was viewed as essential to Roman unity and prosperity. This piety was self-consciously Roman, emphasizing simplicity, virtue, and service to the community and state.
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"TABLE OF MONTHS IN THE ROMAN, EGYPTIAN, MACEDONIAN, AND HEBREW CALENDARS." In The Archeology of the New Testament, xxviii—xxix. Princeton University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400863181.xxviii.
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Encarnação, Gisela, and Vanessa Dias. "Povoamento em época Romana na Amadora – resultados de um projeto pluridisciplinar." In Arqueologia em Portugal 2020 - Estado da Questão - Textos, 1361–70. Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses e CITCEM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/978-989-8970-25-1/arqa100.
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The research project “PERA – Settlement in the Roman Period in Amadora” started in 2017, completing the multi-annual cycle in early 2021. The objectives defined for it always included a necessary multidisciplinary approach to the data collected in the archaeological excavations carried out in Roman sites identified in the municipality. The fruitful encounter of archeology and other sciences, such as anthropology, archeobotany, chemistry, geophysics and scientific illustration, allowed a complex knowledge about the chronological marks of occupation, of the populations, of their consumption and daily habits during antiquity in Olisipo ager. In this congress the authors present the results achieved so far based on the objectives initially proposed, reinforcing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches.
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Carvalho, José. "As pinturas murais romanas da Rua General Sousa Machado, n.º51, Chaves." In Arqueologia em Portugal 2020 - Estado da Questão - Textos, 1235–41. Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses e CITCEM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/978-989-8970-25-1/arqa89.
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In the archaeological diagnosis carried out in the pre-construction phase, at Rua General Sousa Machado, 51, in Chaves, as part of a work related to the rehabilitation of a property, the archeology team identified Roman structures belonging to a residential building. In two of the walls belonging to the referenced building, were detected two freshly painted panels (mural paintings). A plan for the conservation and restoration of the paintings was carried out to allow their preservation. The mural contexts under analysis were totally unknown in the current territory of Trás-os-Montes.
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Maggi, Stefano. "The Didactics of Archaeological Landscape." In Developing Effective Communication Skills in Archaeology, 183–99. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1059-9.ch009.
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The object of the Staffora Valley Project is to reconstruct the landscape of the area beyond the river Po in the province of Pavia, during Roman days. While promoting a debate about the Romanization of this territory, the project facilitated the popularization of an archeology of the landscape, meant to foster civics and public spirit. Through a series of archaeology workshops, students of the Lower Staffora Valley discovered the history of their territory, learning to preserve, respect, and appreciate its traditional farming vocation. This experience resonated with families, associations, and public institutions, gradually fostering an awareness for their surroundings, an indispensable basis for responsible land use. Thus, archaeology becomes a privileged path to educate a community to think in terms of history: a guarantee of mindful living, preventing speculation and any other pursuit that may destroy local traditions and alter the balance between economic needs and the quality of life.
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Uggeri, Giovanni. "Il nodo viario di Firenze in età romana." In Archeologia a Firenze: Città e Territorio, 137–40. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43k06.14.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Roman archeology"
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Valero Tévar, Miguel Ángel, and Nuria Huete Alcocer. "LA APLICACIÓN DE NUEVAS TECNOLOGÍAS EN LA DOCUMENTACIÓN ARQUEOLÓGICA DE LA VILLA ROMANA DE NOHEDA Y SU PROYECCIÓN TURÍSTICA DIGITAL." In ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 8th International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2016.3998.
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The Roman villa of Noheda has become one of the crucial site to understand the messages that the high Roman aristocracy intended to convey by the building infrastructure in these large rural complex of Late Antiquity. Therefore, for the application of a correct archaeological methodology we should add the use of the most modern techniques of research and analysis that were within our grasp, in order to document in the best possible detail, the archaeological remains. Understanding that only through a close reading we can get to properly decrypt the data housed in the cluster of structures and artifacts hosted in the stratigraphic sequence. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present concisely, how technological advances have been used such as ground penetrating radar, 3D scanning, laser scanner, photogrammetry, etc. and the best results which have been obtained. In the same way, we will explain that these results are just a first step, because today the project of musealisation of the site has begun in order to be ready for its opening to the public and, within the innovations that bring the new technologies will be taken into account and they will be used in situ with mobile telephony, such as 3D modeling of parts and its Georeferencing, the increased virtual reality, etc. Nonetheless we must not forget other advances which help understand, spread and bring archeology closer to society.