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Journal articles on the topic 'Roman Bridges'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Ball, Larry F., and Colin O'Connor. "Roman Bridges." American Journal of Archaeology 100, no. 3 (July 1996): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/507051.

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2

Dorton, Roger A. "Roman bridges." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 4 (August 1, 1995): 844–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-099.

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3

Arıkan, Refik. "An unknown Roman bridge on sangarius and ancient road system around it." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 873–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v2i1.454.

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Not only do road systems serve dominance claims, but they also occupy a vital place as a power instrument. Road systems, made use of, at war, through transportation of army, are also an indispensable instrument for trade network as well as taking the existence of state back of the beyond. In this context, Roman Empire, while generating one of the most important elements for humankind, was able to take its influence, through these road nets constituted by bridges and milestone, to the lands dominated. Courier service has great importance for the rendering of power. In Roman period, the main road, from Belgrade via Edirne (Adrianople) to Istanbul strait, had been extending to Izmit (Nikomedia), passing to Anatolia side. Thus, Izmit that, until the establishment of Istanbul (Constantinapole), was the center of Roman Empire in Asia Minor had rendered a service as a first distribution point of Anatolian road system. From there, routes, leading to Black Sea (Phontus) coasts, were covering a distance to the territorial enclaves of Anatolia. Hence, the main road, extending from İzmit to Anatolia, was leading to Iznik (Nikaea) and from there via Osmaneli (Lefke) was bifurcating through Ankara (Ancyra) and Eskişehir (Dorylaion). Milestones, bridges and roads fitted with stones, still existent, have the evidences for this road nets. Sakarya River (Sangarios) was one of the obstacles in the proceeding of the road net reaching to Lefke surroundings. It was extremely hard to cross this ferocious river described as a hell by traveler Ibn Battuta. Romans had built enormous bridges to cross this obstacle dominating the main road. Even though none of these bridges reached today, their remnants have certain clues. The bridge, to which we refer, is located close to Selçik Village encountered at 3 kilometers far from and northwest of Osmaneli province. This bridge, following the milestones, is one of the most important points of main road extending to Anatolia. In this context we have determined another bridge remnant in the same place through our field research. This ultimate bridge, constructed by six arches, three of which is under the water, was devastated by this river. In this study, this bridge, having no records in literature, will be dealt with the road net surrounding it, and the remnants of this road net penetrating into Anatolia will, also, be examined.Keywords: Sangarius, The Pilgrim’s Road, Roman Bridges, Lefke, Roman and Byzantine Roads
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4

Moorwood, R. D., and N. Hodgson. "Roman Bridges on the Devil's Causeway?" Britannia 23 (1992): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/526119.

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5

O'Connor, Colin. "Development in Roman stone arch bridges." Endeavour 18, no. 4 (January 1994): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(95)90524-x.

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6

Babic, Marek. "Ancient Roman bridges and their social significance." Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53, no. 1 (March 2013): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aant.53.2013.1.4.

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7

Germano’, Germano. "Ancient metrology in architecture: a new approach in the study of the Roman bridge of Canosa di Puglia (Italy)." ACTA IMEKO 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v11i1.1092.

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<p class="Abstract">The bridge of Canosa di Puglia (Italy) was originally built in the 2nd century CE to cross the Ofanto river along the <em>Via Traiana</em>, the route built at the behest of Emperor Trajan that connected Rome with the port of Brindisi, on the Adriatic Sea. Restorations, collapses and architectural transformations have deeply altered its original structure over the centuries, making it lose the traces of a monumental central arch. Archival and field research, conducted through various surveys, has produced new data that has provided an update of the bridge's history. The aim of this dissertation is to show the results of a research conducted with a new methodological approach to the monument, applying ancient metrology to the interpretation of its architectural evolution. This method has proven to be indispensable to formulate hypotheses about the original configuration of the bridge, whose central arch would result to be one of the widest among the bridges of the Roman architecture.</p>
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8

KROES, Richard. "Woodwork in the foundations of stone-built Roman Bridges." BABESCH - Bulletin Antieke Beschaving 65 (January 1, 1990): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/bab.65.0.2006000.

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9

Floroni, Isabella, and Andreia-Iulia Juravle. "ROMAN BRIDGES ON THE LOWER PART OF THE DANUBE." Zbornik radova Građevinskog fakulteta 35 (2019): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14415/konferencijagfs2019.015.

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10

Krpo, Mirna. "TYPOLOGY OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE - BRIDGES OF OTTOMAN PERIOD IN PICTURE OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 44, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2014.v44.i1.107.

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UDK: 624.21:7.033.39 (497.6) This work primarily aims to capture and analyze selected new bridge stone structures in the image of the cultural landscape, which occurred in the Ottoman period in the territory of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, These bridge structures, regardless of whether they were located directly or connecting routes to the said Roman route, as well as functional - structural miniature sizes or stylish - the aesthetic imbalance have the role specified to fill that void in Bosnia and Herzegovina which is felt in the knowledge of development of those types of buildings. An analysis of the historical development of bridges leads us in history where we can clearly recognize, on what is based, the maximum utilitarianism bridges in general. Through presented examples we confirm the universality of the object that without certain stylistic affiliation, which were built by hands and knowledge of local builders, however, do not disturb the landscape, but on the contrary, they complement each other, and create a special harmony of space.
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11

Lorenz, Wayne F., and Phillip Wolfram. "Valley Crossings and Flood Management for Ancient Roman Aqueduct Bridges." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 137, no. 12 (December 2011): 816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000359.

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12

Pepe, M., D. Costantino, N. Crocetto, and A. Restuccia Garofalo. "3D MODELING OF ROMAN BRIDGE BY THE INTEGRATION OF TERRESTRIAL AND UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS PURPOSE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W17 (November 29, 2019): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w17-249-2019.

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Abstract. The 3D survey of the masonry bridges is rather complex and may require the integration of terrestrial and aerial surveys. In fact, in order to perform the survey of the superstructure of a bridge, the photogrammetric survey may be realized by the use UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) since it allows acquiring all the details of the upper part of the bridge. Indeed, especially the extreme lateral parts of the bridge cannot be performed through a traditional terrestrial survey. In addition, the UAV photogrammetry allows speeding up and optimizing work. As regards the terrestrial survey, instead, it has the advantage of being able to use highly performing optics and cameras (high resolution of the sensor, stabilized optics, etc.). However, these types of sensors are quite heavy and, in general, could not be mounted on an aerial platform on commercial and low-cost drones. In any case, beyond the payload of common commercial drones at low cost, there is also the problem that the digital cameras mounted on the UAV platforms cannot observe the arches of the bridge from the bottom upwards by low-cost tools. Therefore, a simple way to build a unique 3D model consists in the integration of terrestrial and aerial surveys; in this way, using a suitable procedure, sensor and software based on the Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multi View Stereo (MVS) approaches, it was possible to build detailed, precise and textured three-dimensional models of structures, such as the buildings, historical artefact, bridges etc.In this paper, a case study concerning the construction of a three-dimensional model according a photogrammetric method of a Roman bridge is discussed. In particular, the bridge taken under investigation, belong to the Cultural Heritage, is called “San Cono” and is located in south of Italy. After built the 3D model of masonry bridge (3D point cloud and 3D mesh), it was identified a special procedure that allowed to obtain the model of the bridge suitable for a structural analysis within of dedicate software.
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13

Meer, T. P. "CULT OF WATER IN ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME. BRIDGES AND HYDRAULIC STRUCTURESAND." Landscape architecture in the globalization era, no. 4 (2020): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37770/2712-7656-2020-4-43-55.

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Water was the main factor in choosing where to build settlements. Large civilizations - Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek and Roman, settled around the Mediterranean Sea and developed thanks to the waters of rivers and seas. The power of water was embodied by the Greeks in Gods and small deities, such as: Poseidon, Aphrodite, Naiades and others. The heyday of large ancient cities during the Roman period is associated with the construction of bridges and aqueducts. Water was assigned a significant role in the culture of local traditions. Residents of ancient cities have built many technical structures designed for water supply, irrigation of fields, sewerage and simply in honor of the worship of gods, patrons of water.
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14

Taylor, Rabun. "Roman bridges - COLIN O'CONNOR, ROMAN BRIDGES (Cambridge University Press1993). Pp. xvii + 235, 153 black and white ills., 11 maps, 6 tables. ISBN 0-521-39326-4. $100." Journal of Roman Archaeology 8 (1995): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400016214.

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15

Morganti, R., A. Tosone, M. Abita, and D. Di Donato. "THE LOST HERITAGE OF ROMAN IRON AND STEEL BRIDGES. VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION OF TWO CASE STUDIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 23, 2019): 799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-799-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the second half of 19th century the city of Rome knew a period of great urban transformations: the Pope Pio IX and after, the government of the new Kingdom of Italy, strongly pushed the modernization of the ancient and underdeveloped city, trying to follow the examples of the main European capitals. One of the most relevant signs of that period was the construction of multiple iron and steel bridges along the Tiber, that were built to improve the crossing network guaranteed by the old masonry links. Different supporting systems were used and many experimental technologies for the Italian context were tested, representing a crucial phase for the settle of a design and an industrial know-how that was firstly imported from the most advanced countries of the Northern Europe.</p><p> In the 20th century most of these connections were unfortunately replaced, losing this precious heritage which was strongly linked to the technological culture of the time. Garibaldi Bridge, still present but radically transformed, and Alari Bridge, completely demolished, have been accurately modelled thanks to the availability of appropriate archival documentation and on-site tests, applied following a proposed methodology. The virtual reconstruction of the two case studies permits to spread the knowledge of this lost heritage, to ease the divulgation of past technologies and to recover the unusual image of exposed iron and steel structures surrounded by the ancient panorama of the Eternal city.</p>
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16

Ginter, Paula S., and Syed A. Hoda. "Of “Indian files”, “Roman bridges” and “Swiss cheese”: Analogies in breast pathology." Breast 23, no. 6 (December 2014): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2014.10.002.

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17

Bailey, Geoff B., C. Dickson, J. Miller, and P. V. Webster. "Excavations on the Roman temporary camps at the Three Bridges, Camelon, Falkirk." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 130 (November 30, 2002): 469–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.130.469.489.

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18

Pillai, Shanthini, Pauline Pooi Yin Leong, Melissa Shamini Perry, and Angeline Wong Wei Wei. "Dialogical Intersections of Tamil and Chinese Ethnic Identity in the Catholic Church of Peninsular Malaysia." Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/asiatic.v13i2.1675.

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The contemporary Malaysian Catholic church bears witness to the many bridges that connect ecclesial and ethnic spaces, as liturgical practices and cultural materiality of the Malaysian Catholic community often reflect the dialogic interactions between ethnic diversity and the core of traditional Roman Catholic practices. This essay presents key ethnographic data gathered from fieldwork conducted at selected churches in peninsular Malaysia as part of a research project that aimed to investigate transcultural adaptation in the intersections between Roman Catholic culture and ethnic Chinese and Tamil cultural elements. The discussion presents details of data gathered from churches that were part of the sample and especially reveal how ceremonial practices and material culture in many of these Malaysian Catholic churches revealed a high level of adaptation of ethnic identity and that these in turn are indicative of dialogue and mutual exchange between the repertoire of ethnic cultural customs and Roman Catholic religious practices.
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19

De Feo, G., and R. M. A. Napoli. "Historical development of the Augustan Aqueduct in Southern Italy: twenty centuries of works from Serino to Naples." Water Supply 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2007.015.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the historical development of the Augustan Aqueduct Serino-Naples-Miseno in the Campania Region, in Southern Italy. The Serino aqueduct is not well known because there are no remains of spectacular bridges, but it was a masterpiece of engineering and one of the largest aqueduct systems in the whole Roman Empire. The Serino aqueduct was constructed during the Augustus period of the Roman Empire, probably between 33 and 12 BC when Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was curator aquarum in Rome, principally in order to refurnish the Roman fleet of Misenum and secondarily to supply water for the increasing demand of the important commercial harbour of Puteoli as well as drinking water for big cities such as Cumae and Neapolis. The main channel of the Serino aqueduct was approximately 96 km long, and had 7 main branches to towns along its trace such as Nola, Pompeii, Acerra, Herculaneum, Atella, Pausillipon, Nisida, Puteoli, Cumae and Baiae. Since the total length of all the branches was approximately 49 km, the Serino aqueduct complex had a length of around 145 km and therefore it should be considered the largest aqueduct system in the Roman world.
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20

Temporelli, G., and F. De Novellis. "Hydraulic engineering of inverted siphons in Roman age: a review." Water Supply 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.110.

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In this work the authors wish to present a technology, less known if compared with the Roman age arcaded bridges used to cross broad and deep valleys: the inverted siphons. These structures are very complex hydraulic systems: for their good functioning, in fact, not only adequate constructing tricks were necessary, but also good theoretical knowledge, to be applied during the planning stage. In particular the systems that will be examined in this work are the double inverted siphon of the Yzeron aqueduct (Lyon, France) and the triple inverted siphon of Aspendos (Turkey); in both cases the Roman engineers ensured the correct functioning of the systems relying on specific technical solutions. Besides, the Barratina (Termini Imerese, Italy) siphon will be shortly presented, that is a “mixed” siphon whose technical conception distinguished it from the others. The Barratina siphon is the only case so far known in the history of the Roman aqueducts where the receiving tank is above the hydraulic grade line; nevertheless in many cases a precise leveling was not executed. It still possible that in the territory of the Roman Empire, other similar solutions can be found.
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Cortés-Pérez, Juan Pedro, Mario Núñez-Fernández, Alfonso Cortés-Pérez, and Montaña Jiménez-Espada. "First application of reinforced concrete in Spain and first European application in bridges: The rehabilitation of the Roman bridge of Alcántara." Case Studies in Construction Materials 19 (December 2023): e02350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02350.

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22

Ward, Kate, James Crow, and Martin Crapper. "Water-supply infrastructure of Byzantine Constantinople." Journal of Roman Archaeology 30 (2017): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400074079.

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Modern water-supply systems — hidden beneath the ground, constructed, expanded, adapted and repaired intermittently by multiple groups of people — are often messy and difficult to comprehend. The ancient water-supply system we consider here is no different — and perhaps even more complex as it was developed over 1200 years and then had a modern city built on top. Despite this, we are beginning to understand how one of the Roman world's most important cities provided its population with water.The remains of water infrastructure in Constantinople attest to a complex system of water-management and distribution, one that developed from the colony of Byzantium, through the growth and eventual decline of the new capital of the Roman empire, until conquest by the Ottomans. Aqueducts — the system of channels, bridges and tunnels designed to carry water through the landscape — were the focus of infrastructure investment in earlier periods, but cisterns for the storage and distribution of water were constructed throughout the time of Byzantine Constantinople.
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23

Hall, Martin. "Ambiguity and contradiction in the archaeology of slavery." Archaeological Dialogues 15, no. 2 (December 2008): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203808002614.

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Jane Webster has made an eloquent and compelling case for writing slavery – and other forms of unfree labour – back into the historiography of the Roman world. Her argument weaves together questions of the nature of evidence, the principles of comparative study and the politics of disciplinary practice. My own concern has been with the archaeology of European colonialism and the postcolony in South Africa, several oceans and more than a millennium away from the Roman world (Hall 1992; 1999; 2000). Webster bridges this divide through a direct question: ‘it would be interesting to know whether Hall himself would feel that the “fact of slavery” . . . might generate recognizably similar material statements among other slave-owning peoples in other periods, including ancient ones’ (p. 112). This is to respond to this question, and to tease out some of the provocative implications in Webster's sense of the possibilities inherent in a wider archaeological frame of enquiry.
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24

Demirel, Ismail Ozan, and Alper Aldemir. "Simplified Approach for Seismic Performance Assessment of Dry-Joint Masonry Arch Bridges." Buildings 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070313.

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The seismic performance assessment of dry-joint masonry arches is challenging because of their unique structural characteristics. Widely used assessment methods developed for frame-type structures require the use of a material-dependent section response. In contrast, the response of a dry-joint arch is not dependent on the material capacity but characterized by the sustainment of stability, primarily depending on rigid body rotation or sliding motion at the interfaces between the adjacent voussoirs. A hybrid methodology, combining a simple finite element micro model with principles of limit analysis method, is proposed in this work for the seismic performance assessment of these structures. The nonlinearity is concentrated at interfaces of the model by means of shear and compression-only axial springs. Kinematic conditions yielding a possible collapse mechanism were traced at every step of the time history analysis by checking the failure of individual interfaces. The procedure is applied to an ancient dry-joint Roman arch bridge in close proximity to the North Anatolian fault subject to significant seismic risk. Along with the performance of the system in its current state, the effects of retrofitting measures were investigated in the scope of this study.
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25

Moe, David Thang. "Exclusion and Embrace: A Theology of Breaking Boundaries and Building Bridges Between Christianity and Buddhism in Myanmar." Exchange 46, no. 2 (March 24, 2017): 103–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341434.

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Theravada Buddhism is a national religion of the Burman majorities, whereas Christianity is an alienated religion of the ethnic minorities in Myanmar. Failing to embrace one another, ethnic Christians and Burman Buddhists built boundaries of mutual exclusion and hostility. This paper will argue that wrongs are on both sides — for instance, Buddhism becomes an ‘analogy’1 of Judaism in terms of its nationalistic imperialism, whereas Christianity as an analogy of Hellenism in terms of its religious supersessionism. I will employ the idea of embrace as a theological response to the problem of exclusion. In particular, I will explore the boundary breaking of Jesus and the bridge building of Paul in a Greco-Roman context as the contextual models for Myanmar.
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26

Yenigün, Kasım, A. Cihat Kürkçüoğlu, Mustafa S. Yazgan, Reşit Gerger, and Uğur Ülgen. "From ancient times to the present: development of the drinking water supply system of Şanliurfa in south-eastern Turkey." Water Supply 13, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.043.

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In this paper, water supply, distribution and storage structures in Şanlıurfa city that were built since the ancient times are investigated and technological details of some water supply structures are given. The city is one of the oldest cities and has hosted many civilizations throughout the centuries, beginning from 11500 BC. The acquired archaeological heritage shows that the city had important water supply practices. Many water structures, which can be categorized as the structures of the pre-Islamic Period (Roman Period) and post-Islamic Period (Ottoman Period), were constructed in the city. Charity structures and cisterns, Turkish baths, aqueducts and dams, water balance facilities, maksems, bridges, wells, fountains and karliks are among these structures. Roman influence is observed in the water architecture of the Ottoman Empire. The influence is best observed in the hayrats of the city, built in the pre-Islamic and post-Islamic Period. During the history of the city, the settled communities have destroyed many of the cultural structures of previous civilizations; however they have protected and developed water structure systems. This situation has meant that water structures have lasted to the present and it is interesting to note that most of these systems are still in use.
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27

Becker, Marshall Joseph. "Etruscan Gold Appliances: Origins and Functions as Indicated by an Example from Orvieto, Italy, in the Danish National Museum." Dental Anthropology Journal 8, no. 3 (September 8, 2018): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v8i3.243.

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The ancient Etruscans invented the dental bridge over 2,500 years ago. The earliest known example, made from pure gold, was excavated from the ancient site of Satricum in central Italy. it has been dated to ca. 630 BC. At that time this village was within the Etruscan realm. All of the earliest examples of these dental prostheses derive from Etruscan contexts. Study of all of the known dental appliances from this part of the ancient world suggests that their use faded as central Italy came under Roman influence. Among the 19 known prostheses from Etruscan archaeological contexts (Becker, nda) is an outstanding example, believed to be from Orvieto, now in the Danish National Museum in Copenhagen (Figs. 1, 2) (Becker, 1992). A detailed description of the Copenhagen example allows it to be compared with other known pieces. We now have a clear understanding of the various ways in which prostheses were made and used. A significant discovery is that these Etruscan bridges were worn only by females, suggesting that cosmetics and vanity were important dental concerns. The unusal construction technique of the Copenhagen piece and its place within the typology of examples reflects the evolution of this technology over more than 400 years.
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28

Gardner, Gregg E. "Reading Texts with Objects: Rethinking Rabbinic Materiality by the Light of Early Sabbath Laws." AJS Review: The Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies 48, no. 1 (April 2024): 46–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajs.2024.a926057.

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Abstract: Classical rabbinic literature is intensely material, as it invokes numerous objects on seemingly every page. Through the earliest rabbinic discussions on kindling Sabbath lights (M. Shabbat 2), this paper explores new pathways into rabbinic materiality or "talmudic archaeology." Whereas texts can promote a narrow focus on unique or exceptional objects, I argue that they could also provide a promontory to help us see more typical and widely used artifacts, which nets a broader understanding of the material culture that was more likely to be known by most people in Roman Galilee, including rabbis. The "Palestinian Discus Lamp" was the lighting device of choice for most people in the place and time when the Mishnah took shape. Its popularity, I argue, demonstrates the importance of design and practical use, functional aspects that have received insufficient attention. This paper contributes to rabbinics, late antique Judaism, and Jewish material culture studies, while building bridges to design theory, economics, and material religion. Abstract: Classical rabbinic literature is intensely material, as it invokes numerous objects on seemingly every page. Through the earliest rabbinic discussions on kindling Sabbath lights (M. Shabbat 2), this paper explores new pathways into rabbinic materiality or "talmudic archaeology." Whereas texts can promote a narrow focus on unique or exceptional objects, I argue that they could also provide a promontory to help us see more typical and widely used artifacts, which nets a broader understanding of the material culture that was more likely to be known by most people in Roman Galilee, including rabbis. The "Palestinian Discus Lamp" was the lighting device of choice for most people in the place and time when the Mishnah took shape. Its popularity, I argue, demonstrates the importance of design and practical use, functional aspects that have received insufficient attention. This paper contributes to rabbinics, late antique Judaism, and Jewish material culture, while building bridges to design theory, economics, and material religion.
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Kisić, Rade. "Der Serbisch-Orthodoxe Patriarch Porfirije als „Brückenbauer“." Journal of Eastern Christian Studies 74, no. 3-4 (December 28, 2022): 242–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17831520-20220020.

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Abstract The article offers a portrait of Porfirije (Perić), the new patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church, elected in February 2021. Based on Porfirije’s own writings, he is characterized first and foremost as a “builder of bridges” in various senses and contexts of dialogue, concerning ecumenical, but also inter-religious and inter-ethnic dialogue. This corresponds with his conscious self-identification and interpretation of his role as a Christian and as an Orthodox bishop. Main sketches of this image already became visible during Porfirije’s time as Orthodox metropolitan of Zagreb, a position he took over by 2014. Historical burdens from the complex history of the territory of former Yugoslavia form multiple challenges to the conciliatory approach of Porfirije. The Serbian patriarch devotes particular attention to the relationship with the Roman Catholic Church, in Croatia and beyond.
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30

Hazir, Ediz. "Nurturing Faith and Enlightening Minds: Assumptionist Education in the Ottoman Empire." Religions 15, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15010132.

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The text explores the educational activities of French Roman Catholic missions in the nineteenth century, as they evolved from serving local Catholic needs to becoming crucial assets in advancing France’s religious–cultural influences and the Holy See’s efforts to unify Eastern Christian Churches under Rome. Focused on the Mission d’Orient, initiated during Pius IX’s papacy, this study delves into the Assumptionists’ educational activities in the Ottoman Empire (1863–1914), which aimed to inculturate the Christian communities of the Ottoman Empire, achieve union with Rome, and build a bridge of knowledge between the Ottoman Orient and Europe. Employing a transnational historical approach, this research utilizes primary sources from the Holy See and the Assumptionist Order, examining religious and educational interactions with Ottoman millets. This article argues that Assumptionist institutions succeeded in inculturation and acted as bridges for cultural exchange. The context includes the French protectorate of the Ottoman Empire, the protégé system, and the Capitulations of 1740, demonstrating the Holy See’s use of political and religious alliances. The Assumptionists, influential in advancing the Holy See’s interests, are studied regarding their engagement in France and the Orient. Despite valuable insights from existing research, this article seeks to fill gaps by using Assumptionists as a case study, exploring the specific impacts of their education on various religious groups within the context of France’s religious–cultural imperialism.
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Chaudhuri, Joyotpaul. "La forma Chum Kiu del Wing Chun. Un estudio sobre la estabilidad y la movilidad." Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 3, no. 1 (July 19, 2012): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v3i1.348.

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;" lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This article analyzes the keys to motion in the second empty-hand form of Wing Chun gongfu: Chum Kiu. The focus is on the proper maintenance of the body’s central axis and its motions, which helps with the development of Wing Chun power and the foundations of delivering that power. The form includes short bridges, stepping, turning, and kicking. The motions are built on the structural foundations created by regular practice of the first form, Siu Lim Tau.</span></span></span></p>
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Hosne, Ana Carolina. "Matteo Ricci’s Occidental Method of Memory (Xiguo Jifa) (1596): Untranslatable Images of a Classical Art of Memory in Ming China." Journal of Early Modern History 22, no. 3 (June 22, 2018): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-12342554.

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AbstractOne of the attributes of the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci (1552-1610) was his prodigious memory. The humanistic education received at the Roman College enabled him to master the classical art of memory. In China, Ricci discovered that memorization was essential to the learning process required for the civil service examinations to hold posts within the empire, and so he composed the Xiguo Jifa (1596) (Occidental Method of Memory), based on one of the commonest mnemonic systems—the architectural type—to help candidates memorize contents for these examinations. Ricci chose Chinese characters as mnemonic images to be placed in mental structures. This article aims to show how Ricci’s choice of Chinese characters as mnemonic images in China deviated from one of the main functions of an art of memory: to mediate between words and images, creating bridges and modes of translation from one another, thus rendering those images “untranslatable.”
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Barnhill, Gregory M. "Seeing Christ through Hearing the Apocalypse: An Exploration of John’s Use of Ekphrasis in Revelation 1 and 19." Journal for the Study of the New Testament 39, no. 3 (February 20, 2017): 235–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142064x17689986.

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Utilizing rhetorical criticism, this study explores the manner in which Revelation describes two visions of Christ (Rev. 1.12-18; 19.11-16) in order to understand how such descriptions are used in the service of the author’s rhetoric. As a rhetorical technique, ekphrasis mediates what a speaker sees to an audience through descriptive words. A successful ekphrasis bridges the distance between the verbal and the visual, causing hearers to see for themselves, and evokes an emotional response ( pathos) in the audience. The visions of Rev. 1 and 19 are thus understood as poetic-rhetorical acts, or mimesis: representations of life that point toward reality beyond the particulars, intended to evoke an emotional response. Such characterization of Christ through ekphrasis moves the audience to embrace the text’s worldview of a critical distance from Roman imperial ideology and a commitment to Jesus as Lord over against the deceitful powers of empire.
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Hirte, Ricarda. "Wenn sich Geschichte und Fantastik begegnen: Nachts unter der steinernen Brücke von Leo Perutz ." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 29 (2021): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2021.i29.04.

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Leo Perutz’ Roman Nachts unter der steinernen Brücke ist in einem Zwischenbereich von Geschichte und Fantastik angesiedelt. Es ist somit nicht leicht, diesen Roman klar in eine Literaturgattung einzugliedern und diese Eigenschaft bereitete Perutz bei seiner Erstveröffentlichung auch einige Probleme: So konnte er diesen Roman nicht in seinem bevorzugten Verlag in Wien veröffentlichen, sondern er erschien in einem, der bald darauf finanzielle Probleme hatte, weswegen der Roman nur langsam bekannt wurde. Da Perutz den Roman nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg fertigstellte, sah sein Verlag das Thema als zu jüdisch an, da man davon ausging, dass die Gesellschaft nach den Schrecken des Krieges nicht an diesen Themen interessiert war. Perutz verteidigte sich und sah seinen Roman als einen rein historischen an. Beide Ansichten haben Rechtsgültigkeit, und sowohl das Jüdische wie die Geschichte sind Hauptbestandteile des Romans. Die Frage stellt sich allerdings, wie diese Themen verarbeitet worden sind und inwiefern sie sich gegenseitig bedingen
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Swain, S. C. R. "Hellenic culture and the Roman heroes of Plutarch." Journal of Hellenic Studies 110 (November 1990): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/631736.

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Plutarch of Chaeroneia stands almost alone among Greeks of the Roman Empire in displaying in his works an extensive knowledge of, and interest in, Rome and Romans. The knowledge of Roman history and the many notes on Roman institutions and usages seen in the Lives together with the work specifically devoted to Roman customs, the quaest. Rom., and the celebration of Rome's good fortune, the de fort. Rom., testify to his great sympathy with the Roman way of life. For us Plutarch is a unique bridge between Greece and Rome. But what sort of bridge does he himself envisage between Rome and his own world? In particular, how far does Plutarch believe that Romans share his own Hellenic culture? In answering this question I shall argue that in his presentation of Romans Plutarch often shows himself to be conscious that Hellenic culture had been imported to Rome and could never be fully taken for granted among Romans as it could among Greeks, and that as a consequence it is worthwhile for him as a student of character to consider how well and with what benefit Romans absorb it.
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Jelbert, Rebecca. "Illuminating Mithraic Iconography: Mithras, God of Light, as the Milky Way." Culture and Cosmos 26, no. 01 (October 2022): 51–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.0126.0205.

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Although the iconography of the ancient Roman cult of Mithras is not thoroughly understood, it has been suggested by a number of scholars that the image of the deity sacrificing a bull (the tauroctony) referenced two constellations, namely Taurus and Scorpius. Roger Beck, Stanley Insler and others theorise that the animals of the tauroctony scene symbolise a trail of constellations between Taurus (the bull) and Scorpius (the scorpion). Building on the notion that the tauroctony may represent a simplified star map, this article details how Mithras’ body is analogous to the path of the Milky Way that bridges Taurus and Scorpius. This bifurcated section of the Milky Way mirrors the silhouette, scale and centrality of Mithras within the ancient reliefs. The concept of Mithras as the god of light and lord of genesis also resonates with the luminosity of the Milky Way, and with the location of the traditional soul gates at Taurus-Gemini and Scorpius Sagittarius, gates which were believed to represent the celestial portals for the soul at birth and death, respectively.
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Higgins-Stirrup, Brynn. "An index of longing." Drawing: Research, Theory, Practice 9, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/drtp_00131_1.

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Feminist epistemology positions knowledge in relationship to, or as contingent on, its knower. From this framework, drawing can be situated as a relational and embodied form of knowing the phenomenal world. Drawing opens a space in which we can explore the margin between perception and representation as an epistemological problem. It asks: ‘How can we locate the relationship between knowers and what is known across time through the canon of drawing?’. Drawing is the enactment of this problem. It bridges the gap between the phenomenal and the constructed world of knowledge and, in doing so, visualizes the relationship between our senses and our sense of self. My research reflects on the visual history of ‘The Corinthian Maid’, a Roman origin story for the first act of drawing, and on its use in my own creative practice as a framework to explore the evolution of western ideas on gender, embodiment, knowledge and creativity. The Corinthian Maid functions as an access point through which to consider new understandings of the relationship between knowledge and the body, with drawing as our guide.
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Holbrook, Neil. "C. O'Connor, Roman bridges. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Pp. xvii + 235, 153 illus., II maps. ISBN 0-521-39326-4. £65.00." Journal of Roman Studies 85 (November 1995): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/301116.

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Holbrook, Neil. "C. O'Connor, Roman bridges. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Pp. xvii + 235, 153 illus., II maps. ISBN 0-521-39326-4. £65.00." Journal of Roman Studies 85 (November 1995): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435800075341.

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Fonder, N., and S. Xanthoulis. "Roman aqueduct and hydraulic engineering: case of Nîmes aqueduct and its Pont du Gard bridge." Water Supply 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2007.014.

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Romans are considered as the greatest aqueduct builders of the ancient world, though qanat systems were in use in ancient Persia, India, Egypt, and other Middle Eastern countries thousand of years earlier. Based on history documents and civil engineering studies, this paper summarizes hydrology and hydraulics engineering techniques developed by Roman Engineers. The study case is the Nîmes Aqueduct and its Pont du Gard bridge, the most intact aqueduct bridge remaining today. Despite the existence of superb ruins and conducts' frames, little is known of the hydraulic engineering of these Roman aqueducts and on their water supply and flow rates. This paper explains hydraulic structures and regulations used. It demonstrates the expertise of Roman Engineers on hydraulics of open channel flows.
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Abram, Anna. "From Moral Theology to Ecclesial Ethics." Studia Nauk Teologicznych PAN, no. 15 (September 15, 2020): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/snt.9383.

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The paper explores shifts and turns that over the centuries have influenced moral thinking and instructing on moral matters within the Roman Catholic tradition. The purpose of this exploration is to shed light on the current status of moral theology and identify areas for future developments. The paper proposes ‘ecclesial ethics’ as one of such areas. It views moral theology as a dynamic discipline, shaped by pressures, invitations and demands of the day. It claims that for moral theology to be relevant today, some fundamental questions (including the purpose of the discipline) must be revisited. It argues that practical realities in the lives of individuals, communities and the church as well as the Planet must be at the forefront of moral theological considerations. Contemporary moral theologians and/or theological ethicists (the paper considers this distinction) are a diverse and, we dare to add, divided group. The paper argues that building bridges in a polarised world (including the world of moral theology) needs to be a priority. The overall aim of this study is to respond positively to the call for renewal of moral theology as voiced in the ‘Decree on Priestly Formation’ of the Second Vatican Council and in several statements made by Pope Francis.
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Careddu, Nicola, and Silvana Maria Grillo. "“Trachytes” from Sardinia: Geoheritage and Current Use." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (July 6, 2019): 3706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133706.

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Sardinia was affected by an intense igneous activity which generated calc-alkaline products during the Oligo-Miocene period. The volcanic substance shows large variations, ranging from pyroclastic flow deposits, lava flows and domes. By composition, the deposits are all primarily dacites and rhyolites, with subordinate andesites and very scarce basalts. The rhyolite lavas show porphyritic and ash-flow tuffs. Ignimbrite structures are found in the dacitic domes and rhyolitic lavas. These rocks—commercially known as “Trachytes of Sardinia”—used to be quarried in all historical provinces, mainly in the central part of the island to be used as ornamental and building stone. They continue to be commonly used nowadays, but their use dates back to the prehistoric age. They are easily found in many nuraghi, “domus de janas”, holy wells, Roman works (mosaics, paving, roads, bridges), many churches built in Sardinia and practically in all kinds of structural elements in public and private buildings, such as walls, houses, and bridges. Contrary to the granitoid rocks, whose appearance is largely influenced by the mineralogical composition, the aesthetic feature of volcanic rocks is rather affected by the widest range of colors, structure and texture, i.e., shape, size and distribution of mineral components, porphyric index, etc. “Trachyte” is quarried opencast with the “single low step” method, with descending development, with prevalent use of double-disc sawing machines. Whenever the stone deposit allows higher steps, the chain cutting machine, in combination with diamond wire, becomes the preferred extraction solution. This study aims to at look Sardinian “trachytes” from a geoheritage perspective. After a geological-petrographic framework, the paper discusses the historical uses of “trachyte” in Sardinia. The current state of the art of “trachyte” quarrying, processing and usage in the Island is also described. An analysis of the “trachyte” production has been carried out. Finally, a consideration about how to enhance geotourism in the area is suggested.
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Katih, Isma-ie. "Patani Scholars' Views on Tawassul with the Prophet and Righteous: Analysis of Abd al-Qadir bin Wangah's Risalah Irsyad Al-Jawiyīn." International Journal of Nusantara Islam 11, no. 2 (December 13, 2023): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v11i2.30886.

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This study explores the theological concept of Tawassul in the Islamic tradition of the Nusantara region, focusing on Patani scholars' perspectives, particularly in Abd al-Qadir bin Haji Wangah Sela Budi Sekam Fatani's manuscript "Risalah Irsyad Al-Jawiyiin Ili Sabilil Al-Ulama' Al-‘Amilin." The manuscript's context is set in a period of theological debates between the Salaf and Khalaf schools, addressing Quranic interpretations, Hadith studies, and practices like Tawassul. The qualitative research methodology involves transcribing the original Jawi script into the Roman alphabet, translating it into English, and performing a detailed textual analysis. This approach aims to uncover the nuances of Tawassul, as discussed in the manuscript, making it accessible to a broader audience.The study reveals Tuan Guru Haji Abd al-Qadir's in-depth discourse on Tawassul, particularly relating to Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu’ alaihi wasallam and other righteous individuals. It underscores the permissibility and varied forms of Tawassul, reflecting the intricate layers of Islamic jurisprudence and cultural practices in the Nusantara region. The manuscript offers significant insights into the diversity of Islamic thought within the Nusantara region. It bridges historical theological discourse with contemporary religious practices, enriching the understanding of Tawassul's role in Islamic worship and spirituality. The study situates Tuan Guru Haji Abd al-Qadir's perspectives within broader Islamic theological discussions, highlighting the dynamic and interpretive nature of Islamic theology.
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Kleyhons, Ferdinand. "Pons et cella penaria – Die Bedeutung Siziliens für die Entwicklung des Imperium Romanum ausgehend von Ciceros „Verrinen“." historia.scribere, no. 13 (June 22, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/historia.scribere.13.618.

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Pons et cella penaria – The importance of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire on the basis of Ciceros “In Verrem”In the year 70 BCE, one of the most renowned trials in Roman history took place: The lawsuit of Gaius Verres, former propraetor of the Roman province Sicilia. Marcus Tullius Cicero, taking up the role of the claimant in this trial, wrote a series of speeches against Verres (“In Verrem”). Therein he stated, among other things, the importance of Sicily for the Roman Empire. As the first Roman province, it introduced the Romans to a new system of governing foreign territory. It functioned as a “bridge” for the conquest of Carthage and, finally, it fed the Roman population and its army. The following paper will examine each of these three steps, as well as use them as a framework to discuss the role of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire.
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EFFROS, BONNIE. "Berber genealogy and the politics of prehistoric archaeology and craniology in French Algeria (1860s–1880s)." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 1 (February 16, 2017): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000024.

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AbstractFollowing the conquest of Algiers and its surrounding territory by the French army in 1830, officers noted an abundance of standing stones in this region of North Africa. Although they attracted considerably less attention among their cohort than more familiar Roman monuments such as triumphal arches and bridges, these prehistoric remains were similar to formations found in Brittany and other parts of France. The first effort to document these remains occurred in 1863, when Laurent-Charles Féraud, a French army interpreter, recorded thousands of dolmens and stone formations south-west of Constantine. Alleging that these constructions were Gallic, Féraud hypothesized the close affinity of the French, who claimed descent from the ancient Gauls, with the early inhabitants of North Africa. After Féraud's claims met with scepticism among many prehistorians, French scholars argued that these remains were constructed by the ancestors of the Berbers (Kabyles in contemporary parlance), whom they hypothesized had been dominated by a blond race of European origin. Using craniometric statistics of human remains found in the vicinity of the standing stones to propose a genealogy of the Kabyles, French administrators in Algeria thereafter suggested that their mixed origins allowed them to adapt more easily than the Arab population to French colonial governance. This case study at the intersection of prehistoric archaeology, ancient history and craniology exposes how genealogical (and racial) classification made signal contributions to French colonial ideology and policy between the 1860s and 1880s.
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Bulling, Denise, Lyn Carson, Mark DeKraai, Alexis Garcia, and Harri Raisio. "DELIBERATION MODELS FEATURING YOUTH PARTICIPATION." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 4, no. 3.1 (August 21, 2013): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs43.1201312622.

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<p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">There is a growing trend among developed countries to increase the participation of youth in societal and institutional decision-making. The challenge is to move away from an illusion of participation (tokenism) to genuine youth influence. This article transfers knowledge of a relatively new theory to the fields of youth engagement and community development.<span style="color: #ff0000;"> </span>We pose deliberative democracy as a model to build bridges between youth and decision-makers. This concrete approach offers a platform for youth and adults to engage in a learning process as equal citizens and proactive leaders. <span style="color: #000000;">Deliberative democracy can be understood as an umbrella term for different models of public deliberation. These models attempt to create carefully detailed conditions for increasing the legitimacy of decisions made through deliberation. Deliberative models that feature youth participation include youth juries, dialogue days between young people and decision-makers, and adult-youth participatory forums where the youth voice is usually a minority. </span>We explore the role of relationships, collaboration, and leadership in generating democratic spaces for the inclusion of youth in policy formation and reform.<span style="color: #ff0000;"> </span><span style="color: #000000;">The challenges associated with engaging youth are discussed along with examples of models from Australia, Finland, Canada, and the United States that promote effective youth engagement.</span></span></p>
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Jacko, Małgorzata. "The war biography of Stefan Csorich – the Olympian and Polish ice hockey representative." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 4, no. 2 (2021): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2021.04.12.

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The article aims to present the wartime biography of Stefan Csorich, a distinguished Olympian in ice hockey. He was born in Nowy Sącz on September 25, 1921. He grew up in Krynica Zdrój at 422 Lipowa Street. He owes his name to a Hungarian ancestor who was an engineer (built bridges, railway viaducts) and settled in Krynica Zdrój. Until the outbreak of World War II, he managed to graduate from the local primary school, start studying at the newly opened private gymnasium and high school (owned by dr. Roman Molęda). After the Ice Hockey World Championships in 1931 organized in Krynica, he began his adventure with this sport discipline. The war interrupted a brilliantly heralded career. He was a participant in the September 1939 campaign. As a result of the turmoil of war, he was in France, Switzerland and England, among others. After the war, in 1946, he returned to Poland to his hometown. There he continued his career in ice hockey. He appeared 52 times for the Polish national team (1946–1957). He was the scorer of 34 goals. He participated in the World Championships in 1947 (in Prague, where he won the title of the king of goalscorers), 1955 (in the Federal Republic of Germany) and 1957 (in Moscow). He was at the Olympics in St. Moritz (1948) and Oslo (1952). For the 1956 Olympics in Cortina dʼAmpezzo he did not receivea passport for political reasons. He died on July 15, 2008, and was buried in Krynica-Zdrój.
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Arıkan, Refik. "An unknown Roman bridge on sangarius and ancient road system around it." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 19, 2016): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjhss.v2i1.454.

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Kryukova, Irina V. "Russian Urbanonymy in the Spatial and Temporal Dimensions Review of the book: Razumov, R. V. (2022). Russkaia urbanonimiia: polevaia organizatsiia, modeli nominatsii, sotsiolingvisticheskie osobennosti funktsionirovaniia [Russian Urbanonymy: Field Organization, Naming Patterns, Sociolinguistic Peculiarities of Functioning]. Yaroslavl: Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University. 387 p." Вопросы Ономастики 20, no. 2 (2023): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2023.20.2.026.

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The review presents an analysis of Roman Razumov’s monograph which is a comprehensive study of Russian urbanonymy in its synchronic and diachronic aspects. The first chapter of the monograph provides a critical overview of Russian studies on urbanonymy and specifies the onomastic terminology related to the theoretical foundations of this research. In the second chapter, the field approach is applied to a selection of urban names of different types. The structure suggested by the author includes the units of the core (names of streets, squares, and urban districts), near-core (names of buildings and churches), and periphery (names of bridges, parks and green spaces, monuments, fountains). The third chapter describes Russian urbanonymy in synchronic aspect: the author defines the naming patterns typical to Russian urbanonymic system (descriptive, memorial, symbolic, and eusemantic (suggesting positive connotations), and proceeds with comparing their implementation in capital cities, big and small provincial towns, monolingual and polylingual cities. The fourth chapter presents Russian urbanonymy in diachrony. Here, the author explores the tendencies in urban naming in different periods of Russian history: including the naming processes in modern Russian urbanonymy of late 20th — early 21st c. The reviewer’s remarks concern the debatable issues of the use of some terms in the monograph and the typology of the naming patterns. The reviewer also notes a huge impact of this work in generalizing and systematizing such extensive material (urbanonyms of 60 large and small cities of Russia, from the 18th c. to the present), the development of comprehensive methods of analysis of intracity names, both in spatial and temporal aspects, in drawing attention to the problems of urbanonymic terminology and the identification of systemic relationships in urbanonymy.
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Milner, N. P. "A Roman bridge at Oinoanda." Anatolian Studies 48 (December 1998): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3643051.

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An ancient limestone block was brought to our attention in the garden of Mehmet Atçı, the then bekçi of Oinoanda, at his house in the village of İncealiler, below the ancient site, during the site-survey of Oinoanda and its territory led by Professor Stephen Mitchell in 1994. It had been rescued from the nearby small antique site at Kemerarası, which lies at the foot of the Oinoanda hill (Urluca), immediately on the north bank of the upper Xanthos river, at the point where routes ancient and modern from the lower Xanthos valley debouch from the pass of Karabel into the Seki plain. Kemerarası is known to tourists for its Ottoman bridge which still spans the Xanthos (fig 1), and which is now superseded by a modern highway bridge, and to ancient historians chiefly as the findspot of the Demostheneia festival inscription published by Wörrle (1988). The old theory that the site at Kemerarası was a separate city of ‘Termessus Minor” has been scotched by Coulton (1982), who showed that Termessus Minor was the name of Oinoanda itself, viewed as a colony of Termessus Major.
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