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Academic literature on the topic 'Roman haïtien – 20e siècle – Thèmes, motifs'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Roman haïtien – 20e siècle – Thèmes, motifs"
Chemla, Yves. "La question de l'Autre dans le roman haïtien contemporain." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040300.
Full textSince the publication of Gouverneurs de la rosée, the Haitian novel has presented a major paradox. The indigenist movements sought a literary revival by having the land play a more dominant role in literature. Yet day by day this became more difficult, both in its human aspects and in the descriptions of places and landscapes, since the land itself was disappearing. Reflecting this disaster, the pieces of fiction studied testify diachronically to the movement of the peasants toward more cultivable lands, then little by little to the villages and onward to the cities. Until, at last, the flight from Haiti became ineluctable. This movement fits into a particularly complex system of identification and designation of persons, based upon lineage, birthplace, phenotypes, social particularities, age group and nationality. The possible variations in each of these parameters, notably the phenotypes, define the differences that provide analytical materials for the narrators and describers. One of the common narrative initiatives consists of comparing the assignation of the other with its criticism, as if a homo-assignation responded to a hetero-assignation by taking the opposite view. Therefore, major questions such as the conditions under which a book was read and the ideological a priori, especially the prejudices and the effect of resonances, of echoes of other literature, must be taken into account. If, for methodological reasons, it is possible to constitute this literary area as a thing in itself, weaving its own ideological, historical and textual relations, the question of the reader's interest in this literature must not be ignored. Reading a Haitian novel provokes a strange culture warp, based simultaneously on the sense of otherness in this literature and recognition of that least avowed part of the reader: the dark side of occidental cultures and ideologies
Bernard, Philippe. "L'émergence du rêve dans la littérature romanesque haïtienne, de Jacques Roumain au mouvement spiraliste." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040049.
Full textThe Emergence of Dream in the Haytian Novel, from Jacques Roumain up to Spiralist Movement presents a study of all the aspects of Dream in the contemporary haytian writing. It is the essential clue for this long walk throughout the novels produced in the last half century on this ancient land with a chaotic history but spirited by a tremendous strength of life. Considering the work of the two great precursors Jacques Roumain and Jacques-Stephen Alexis as the image of an initial Tree, the varied ramifications, grafts, cuttings, trimmings, are the endless work of the gardeners-writers who went after them in the garden. The dream spread around scattering an ideology, anecdotes, stories of hate and love, testimonies, mixing the pastry of real-marvellous, gleaning its colours in the Creole language, collecting its poetry in the voodoo temples or in the fairy tales of the "composes". Dictatorship and terror tried to suffocate these painters with words. Many of them had to flee away, the dream became compensatory. A few of them could remain to struggle, they still flourish through their pens, eyes starting out of their head. All of them are still screaming their words, for us
Boadas, Aura Marina. "Le réalisme merveilleux dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Jacques Stephen Alexis." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30062.
Full textThe aim is to find what may have at the origin and what later gave a very definite orientation to the works of the haitian writer jacques stephen alexis. The first part studies various literary tendencies that had a common goal: the integration of the "marvellous" in reality. Studies on "surrealisme", "real maravilloso" and "realisme magique" preceding that of "realisme merveilleux", a tendancy which does not appear unexpectedly, but as a result of various factors which affect the haitian literary as well as political words. Once we have established the foundations of the "realisme merveilleux, we will then approach the second part where we directly study the work of alexis to try to discover the way in which the marvellous and the real interpenetrate each other. Progressively differents levels of the work are observed; first of all the linguistics choices: the lexicographicals and syntacticals. Then, we observe how this foundation is used for the creation of a precise universe of images. We attach ourselves longer to the insertion of the alexisian imaginary in a significative time and space, before showing the preexisting structures of the haitian collective memory from which alexis harvests abundantly to desing his works. This analysis allows us in the third part to discover the perception of the world which appears in the works. Strongly optimistic, alexis seas for his compatriots a future of hope where the struggle of classes, brought to its end will give way to total freedom of man, who will them be sole master of his desting
Trobat, Yolanda. "Figures de l'inceste dans le roman hispano-américain du XXe siècle." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040114.
Full textThis research in contemporary literature studies South American narratives written in Spanish. After assessing various aspects of incest in novels and short stories, the ultimate aim of this investigation is to demonstrate that today's novelists criticize humanism, which they carry out a “disconstruction”, that they express the wrill think the relationship between man and interdict, disorder and inhumanity. Two main lines of deconstruction have been set up : the questioning both of moral schemes and of political concepts (such as “the individual”, “the social body”, “freedom”. . . ). Novels and short stories of : Allende, Arenas, Benedetti, Bioy Casares, Cortazar, Garcia Marquez, Eltit, Esquivel, Fuentes, Mastretta, Puig, Sabato, Vargas Llosa, Ocampo. The different aspects of incest demonstrate that all novelists worry about "struggle for recognizability" (Hegel). And, last but not least, that all novels and short stories point out a state of anxiety, of apprehension about identity, in south American Spanish countries and a mental inclination to question identity
Vuong, Hoa Hoi. "La description musicale dans le roman du vingtième siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040191.
Full textKovacshazy, de Rigyicza Cécile. "Un simple dédoublement : le double dans le roman du XXe siècle." Lille 3, 2006. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.15122/isbn.978-2-8124-4036-6.
Full textIn the 19thC, starting with Germany (E. T. A. Hoffmann) before spreading throughout the West, the double was so common as to attain of a literary cliché. In the 20thC, the double was still a lively figure, but in a radically different way : from its erstwhile rooting in the Fantastic of Romanticism, it took on a realist discursivity. The questions is posed regarding identity engendered new forms of narrative : the romantic short story gave way to long, openended texts in which narrative was displaced by the discursive. From the point of view of the present study, what could first appear to be no more than a theme becomes a poetics of the double. And while literary criticism has, to date, made much of the Romantic double, there has been no attempt to offer a synthetic vision of doubling in twentieth century literature, despite the fact that it is very different. Our study begins by laying down the characteristics of the romantic double, and making manifest the rupture opened up by Dostoevsky and Stevenson, before going on to develop the different attempts which were made to lay the figure to rest at the end of the romantic period : through a rationalist discourse with Freud, through a parody of the tradition with Nabokov, or through a declared absence of the motif in the work of Aragon. This diversity of intertextual responses makes it possible to offer a typology of doubling, based upon the four great Graeco-Roman myths of the double : Castor and Pollux, Sosia, Tiresias, and Narcissus. The last part of our study makes clear the narratological specificities of the figure of the modern double : a movement towards an internationalisation of the duplication, coupled with a decentring aesthetic underpinned by an incognito character and a lyrical narration. In conclusion, I underline - without intending any value judgement - the narcissistic content of the twentieth century double : Narcissus ousts Echo. The study terminates with the proposition of a glossary of the double
Zainoun, Ibtisam. "Aspects mythologique, métaphysique et idéologique dans le roman maritime." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030100.
Full textThe Goal of this project is the research of the universal sea novel. We engage therefore in a comparative study of several maritime literary works examining French, English, Arabic and Spanish literature through examples from V. Hugo, J. Conrad, E. Hemingway and H. Mina. The sea novels present several common and fundamental features, that traverse the sociocultural differences of their authors, as well as varying levels of literary talent. They form a genre of literature defined not only by thematic elements, but also by its style, its aesthetic concepts and a common philosophy of life. Aspects of mythology and metaphysics characterise the universal sea novel and a specific psychological profile typifies its characters. This study also highlights the inaptitude of the sea novel for ideological approaches. The sea novel is the product of a language that draws its power from man's primitive reverie and such profound psychic structures as the unconscious. This language spans the centuries and geographical zones for it translates the desires of both modern and archaic men
Haydara, Abou. "La société traditionnelle portugaise vue par les romanciers néo-réalistes (1930-1965)." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030001.
Full textThe neo-realism appeared in portugal during the thirties. It suffered several influences; among them we can cite the marxism, the spanish civil war, the american and bresilian literatures. It was thus a literary movement to denounce and to fight against fascism. It pretended to help the masses. That is why persons coming from poor classes constituted a collective group and became for the first time in portuguese letters the principal novels personages. The traditional society was principally the source of reference of neo-realist novels. Studing social relations in terms of class-war, the neo-realist writers reveal two different social categories : bourgeois in one part, and proletarians in the other. They try especially to show the exploitation and inequalities that lower class were suffering. They underline also the basic disturbs produced in the traditional ways of life after the penetration of industrial progress in rural places. In this field precisely, the difficulties of industrial proletariat are well explained. The personages become marginal and surrender. However the emergence of the positive hero indicates the proletarian consciousness and the message of hope
Kassé, Mallé. "La ville dans le roman congolais contemporain." Rennes 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN20007.
Full textThe town, present in the Angolan novel before and after the independence, is the place of junction between the writer's sensibility and the historical context of colonial rule and political independence. The spatial division of the colonial town accompanied a racial division and written works of denunciation. The political independence makes the situation complex in the urban space. The didactic approach gives precedence to problematic approaches. New writing techniques structure new themes. We studied six Angolan writers, three before and three after the independence
Labarthe, Judith. "La description de peinture dans les romans de 1795 à 1927 : une rhétorique de la vision." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040183.
Full textThe rhetorical figure which consists in describing a painting (the so-called ekphrasis) in fiction, whether in romances or novels, particularly in Germany, France, Great Britain or the United States, happens to be recurrent from the end of the XVIIIth century, with Wilhelm Meister by Goethe (1795), to the first quarter XXth century, with Le temps retrouvé by Proust and to The lighthouse by Woolf (1927), after having disappeared for a long time. It represents a way for the author to challenge one of the sister arts of literature, painting, in a sort of structural oxymoron, as this type of description pretends to put together image and text ; further, it may provide a device by which the author reveals how his vision on the world has basically been made up. Playing a crucial role, ekphrasis creates a “mise en abyme” of the text, in other words a mirror image in which not only the main themes of the story, but also the essential rhetorical figures of the style are reflected. Moreover, this stylistic device comprises the universals, and stereotypes or catchwords, which characterize discourses that are used, in a given period, about painting and artistic creation. It is also a place where variations on ancient or modem myths are always to be found. This reading is applied to six studies, dealing with the use of ekphrasis by German novelists, from Goethe to Keller; by Balzac, especially in Le chef-d'oeuvre inconnu; by French romantics (Stendhal, Musset, Gautier); by novelists after Baudelaire, to the 1890s (Fromentin, J. A E. De Goncourt, Zola, Huysmans, Maupassant and Wilde); by Hawthorne and Melville; and eventually by James, Proust and Woolf
Books on the topic "Roman haïtien – 20e siècle – Thèmes, motifs"
1959-, Chassay Jean-François, ed. Promenades littéraires dans Montréal. Montréal: Éditions Québec/Amérique, 1989.
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