Journal articles on the topic 'Roman ride'

This article examines Roman Polanski’s film Repulsion from a psychoanalytic perspective by attending Julia Kristeva’s notion of abjection. This paper deals primarily with two main focal points. First, it focuses on the film’s portrayal of the protagonist, Carole’s abjection, her problem of non-differentiation, as evidenced by her relation to the maternal body and to corporeality. Secondly, the article investigates how the film positions its viewers with regard to Carole. It questions how Repulsion impels its spectators to engage Carole with a similar non-differentiation by generating a complex web of ambiguities with regard to the differentiation between external/internal, objective/subjective and reality/fantasy.

This article analyzes the prominent role played by a particular vehicle, the matronly carriage (carpentum), in the construction of Roman gender. Its focus is on the conveyance’s two most significant appearances in literary representation. First, I examine the various accounts of the vehicle’s best-known and most dramatic tableau, Tullia’s use of a carpentum to drive over her dead father king Servius Tullius’ body, arguing that the conveyance functions to articulate the cultural anxiety surrounding the passage from daughter to wife. I suggest that the story of Tullia’s carpentum, as a quasi-mythic exemplum of “feminine transportation,” looms as a dangerous threat in need of accommodation. Next, I examine the story of the Roman matrons’ demonstration in favor of the repeal of the lex Oppia, which had prohibited, among other things, their right to ride in carpenta. I argue that the accounts of Livy and others seek to offer a solution to the challenge posed by the physically protesting women by redefining their vehicular mobility as state-authorized, and as directly tied to their reproductive function. Thus, while Latin literature often articulates urban traffic as a familiarly frustrating system of obstacles, my analysis uncovers a contrasting Roman discourse, one that identifies traffic with the fertility of the city and its ability to reproduce Roman citizens.

Among the artifacts produced by nineteenth-centuryQuellenforschung, few have exerted more influence or endured more censure than the lost Hellenistic epyllion which, as reconstructed by G. Knaack, told of the journey of Phaethon to the palace of the sun-god and his disastrous ride in the solar car. Relying chiefly upon the two versions of the story told by Ovid in hisMetamorphoses(1.747–2.398) and Nonnus in theDionysiaca(38.105–434), and applying techniques comparable to the stemmatic method of textual criticism, Knaack traced every shared feature of these two accounts to the inevitable lost Hellenistic ‘original’. Details from Lucian (Dial. Deor.25) and Philostratus (Imag.1.11), who were also presumed to have read this lost poem, helped to fill in the blanks. Knaack's thesis illustrates the extremes of which source criticism was capable at a time when it was naively assumed that Roman poets were capable of little more than literal translation of their Greek models. In the early part of this century, a reaction set in against Knaack's method, when it was alleged that there was no common source for the two poets and that Nonnus derived his account of Phaethon directly from his reading of Ovid. The case was first made by J. Braune, who examined four episodes common to both works – Phaethon, Cadmus, Actaeon, and Daphne – and argued that correspondences between the two are due to imitation of Ovid by Nonnus. Braune's arguments did not win complete acceptance; it is noteworthy that even his supporters were not entirely convinced by three of his four test passages, for which abundant evidence survives of sources earlier than Ovid.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-GB">This essay analyzes the historical connections that have articulated the foundations of natural sciences and the technology in worldwide ambit during the 20st century. The need to construct new educational and philosophical conceptions compromised with the sustainability and the future of the planet and the humanity is treated in this essay. The limitations of natural sciences in the solution of complex problems of the humanity are questions also shown in this study. </span><span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN">Finally</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN"> <span>the importance</span> <span>of education</span> <span>for the construction</span> <span>of the economic and social development has been emphasized</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-GB">.</span>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="IN">One of the factors that decrease the production of the soybean crop is the low level of soil fertility. Soil fertility can be improved with the use of mulch combined with proper tillage. This Research is needed to determine the dose and the right soil processing combined with optimal doses of straw mulch to improve the growth and yield of soybean.This research conducted wit Split Plot Design with three replication, with soil tillage as main plot and rice straw mulch as sub plot. Soil tillage arranged with 3 level, </span><span lang="PT-BR">O1:</span><span lang="IN"> maximum soil tillage</span><span lang="IN">O2: </span><span lang="PT-BR">minimum</span><span lang="IN"> soil tillage and </span><span lang="PT-BR">O3: </span><span lang="IN">without soil tillage. Rice straw mulch arranged with 4 level, </span><span lang="PL">M₀: </span><span lang="IN">without rice straw mulch </span><span lang="PL">(</span><span lang="IN">c</span><span lang="PL">ontrol)</span><span lang="IN">, </span><span lang="IT">M₁: </span><span lang="IN">rice straw mulch 2 </span><span lang="IT">ton/ha</span><span lang="IN">, </span><span lang="IT">M₂: </span><span lang="IN">rice straw mulch 4</span><span lang="IT"> ton/ha</span><span lang="IN"> and </span><span lang="IT">M₃: </span><span lang="IN">rice straw mulch 6</span><span lang="IT"> ton/ha</span><span lang="IN">. </span><span lang="IN">The results showed there were no significant interactions and influences between pemulsaaan treatment combined with tillage on the growth and yield of soybean.</span></p><pre><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';" lang="IN"><br /></span></pre><pre> </pre><pre style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';" lang="IN">One of the factors that decrease the production of the soybean crop is the low level of soil fertility. Soil fertility can be improved with the use of mulch combined with proper tillage. This Research is needed to determine the dose and the right soil processing combined with optimal doses of straw mulch to improve the growth and yield of soybean.This research conducted wit Split Plot Design with three replication, with soil tillage as main plot and rice straw mulch as sub plot. Soil tillage arranged with 3 level, </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;" lang="PT-BR">O1:</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN"> maximum soil tillage</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">O2: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;" lang="PT-BR">minimum</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN"> soil tillage and </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;" lang="PT-BR">O3: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">without soil tillage. Rice straw mulch arranged with 4 level, </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PL;" lang="PL">M₀: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">without rice straw mulch </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PL;" lang="PL">(</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">c</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PL;" lang="PL">ontrol)</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">, </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT">M₁: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">rice straw mulch 2 </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT">ton/ha</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">, </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT">M₂: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">rice straw mulch 4</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT"> ton/ha</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN"> and </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT">M₃: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">rice straw mulch 6</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT"> ton/ha</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;" lang="IN">. </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';" lang="IN">The results showed there were no significant interactions and influences between pemulsaaan treatment combined with tillage on the growth and yield of soybean.</span></pre><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';" lang="IN">Key words: Soybean, Rice Straw Mulch dan Soil Tillage. </span></p>

This paper explores the interpretations and context of equestrian Greco-Roman engraved gems kept at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem which had never been published prior to this study. It was written on the basis of a study which included photography, description, technical aspects, iconographic and stylistic analysis and, finally, dating the gems. In order to achieve this, they were compared to other known ones that had already been published. The results indicate that horsemen frequently appear as subjects on intaglios. The Roman engraved gems drew their inspiration from established Greek rider imagery. Under the Roman Empire, the rider image became the preserve of that new divine figure, the emperor. The Imperial rider combined the attributes of a Bellerophon or the Dioscuri of the Classical period and an Alexander of the Hellenistic. Also, Gauls are fairly common in art and there are quite a number of Celtic/Gaulish horsemen on gems. Presumably, people wore such gems as a reminder of the iconic defeat of the Northern barbarians by the Attalids and more recent Roman triumphs. In addition, there are several examples of gems, on which appears a rider beneath whose horse a lion or another animal is lying. It is likely that this rider was perceived by the gem engraver and owner as some god or hero. Since these depictions of cavalry on gems are similar to the “Heros Equitans” image, possibly they were inspired by it and so were the depictions of the emperors. Thus it is concluded that applying representations of riders on engraved gems demonstrates the possible wish of affluent, albeit ordinary people to resemble the ruling class as well as heroes through the purchase and use of these gems which also bear additional meanings of bravery and immortality.

Actualmente se está produciendo una transformación de los roles tradicionales asociados a hombres y mujeres, sin embargo, en los contextos desfavorecidos de exclusión social estas desigualdades entre hombres y mujeres sigue siendo muy notable. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la situación de la mujer gitana en contextos desfavorecidos a lo largo de su proceso educativo, así como establecer las estrategias necesarias para favorecer el proceso educativo de estas alumnas. Para ello, aplicamos una metodología mixta basada en cuestionarios y grupos de discusión con profesorado y agentes claves de cuatro centros educativos situados en contextos de exclusión social con alto porcentaje de alumnado gitano. Los resultados obtenidos nos demuestran la percepción del profesorado y agentes claves sobre las dificultades de las alumnas gitanas en el Sistema Educativo, así como las actuaciones que se llevan a cabo desde los centros educativos para favorecer la progresión educativa de las alumnas gitanas. En cualquier caso, es importante señalar que el contexto socioeconómico determina la trayectoria educativa de las alumnas gitanas más que las características culturales, ya que muchas de las dificultades que se encuentran las alumnas están más relacionadas con los contextos de marginación social que con su cultura. Nowadays a transformation in the traditional roles associated to men and women is being produced, however, in disadvantaged contexts of social exclusion these inequalities between men and women are still very notable. The following work aims to reflect on the situation of romani female in disadvantaged contexts throughout their educational process and to establish the necessary strategies to promote the educational process of these students. To do it, we applied a mixed methodology based on questionnaires and focus groups with teachers and key agents from four schools located in contexts of social exclusion with high percentage of romani students. The results obtained show us the perception of teachers and agents about the difficulties of romani female students in the Educational System, and the actions that are carried out from schools to promote the educational progression of romani female students. In any case, it is important to point out that the socio-economic context determines the educational trajectory of romani women students more than the cultural characteristics, since many of the difficulties encountered by the students are more related to the contexts of social marginalization than to their culture.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #000000;">El contexto socioeconómico y el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior han reforzado el papel de las instituciones educativas en la transmisión de valores. Esta investigación pone de manifiesto que la formación en valores en la universidad es un asunto que preocupa a académicos y a importantes organizaciones internacionales, por su repercusión en la transformación de la sociedad y en el desarrollo sostenible. </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #000000;">Mediante la realización de una encuesta se ha obtenido la opinión de alumnos y egresados sobre la importancia de los valores en el desarrollo curricular</span><span style="color: red;">. </span><span style="color: #000000;">Tanto la revisión bibliográfica como el análisis empírico realizado han dado lugar a una serie de conclusiones que permiten emprender acciones de mejora en la acción educativa. El trabajo ha permitido identificar valores consolidados y otros en los que hay que incidir poniendo en marcha nuevas acciones formativas, en las que tienen que implicarse empresas, profesorado y alumnado.</span></span></p>

AbstractIn this paper, the author publishes a Roman funerary stela from Bölcske found in 2015. Only two highly fragmentary rows have survived of its inscription. The execution of the stela (proportions, arrangement, the framing of fields) and the rider scene of the relief field provide more information than the incomplete funerary inscription: based on three analogous tombstones belonging to soldiers of the ala Frontoniana, one may assume that the person mentioned on the Bölcske gravestone had also served in this unit. Unit history, style analysis arguments and palaeographical reasons all point toward the dating of the monument to the early reign of Emperor Trajan.

Whether or not Syme made a convincing case for revolution at Rome, his Roman Revolution did not effect a revolution in Roman history. To be sure, his choice of where to start and where to end his discussion was unorthodox (if orthodoxy was the old edition of the Cambridge Ancient History or Rice Holmes or the periodization of Oxford Greats), but his relentless focus on individual political actors and their relations with one another differs from the emphasis of earlier scholars only in its priorities and intensity. Whether or not Wallace-Hadrill makes a convincing case for revolution at Rome, Rome's Cultural Revolution is revolutionary. To be sure, the individual parts of the book have been variously anticipated in particular studies, but the insistence that what happens in the history of buildings, instrumentum domesticum, dress, and monuments constitutes not simply the background to a political story, but is itself the story of Late Republican Rome — in W.-H.'s own words ‘that the political transformation of the Roman world is integrally connected to its cultural transformation’ (xix) — challenges the assumptions on which Roman historians have built the history of the Republic ever since Asinius Pollio.

<p>A partir de una experiencia como estudiante de intercambio en República Checa en el marco de un convenio de la Facultad de Filosofía de Hradec Kralové y la Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste en el año 2013, realicé un trabajo de indagación sobre el pueblo romaní, haciendo hincapié en las experiencias dos jóvenes: Darb y Filip.</p><p> </p><p>En un primer momento pretendo contextualizar la realidad del pueblo gitano en Republica Checa, retomando los incómodos, las preguntas que me fui haciendo como estudiante para luego detallar los antecedentes y estadísticas que muestran la situación de exclusión que los gitanos viven. A partir de dicha contextualización y en diálogo con lo problematizado por Briones (2001) y Susan Wright (1998) pretendo hacer hincapié en cómo los estados producen sus “otros internos” y cómo “lo cultural” se utiliza como una herramienta política para legitimar y perpetuar desigualdades. </p><p> </p><p>A partir de dicha contextualización pretendo retomar las trayectorias escolares de Darb y Filip, y lo vivenciado en el Festival romaní “Khamoro”, con ánimos de pensar las prácticas (Bourdieu, 2008), la cotidianidad de los sujetos como plantea De Certeau (1996) y darle lugar a aquellas experiencias entendidas como tácticas que en contextos de subordinación aprovechan los vacíos de poder impuestos posibilitando victorias cotidianas. En este caso, la supervivencia y asistencia dentro del sistema escolar. </p>

<span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Hot water- and water-extracted organic matter was extracted from soil samples collected after a 31-year long-term experiment which aimed to assess the effect of different fertilization strategies (inorganic fertilizers and organic matters) commonly used for paddy rice cultivation in Yamagata, northeastern Japan. </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">The ratio of soil to </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">extracted</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> water was 2:3. </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">The amounts of hot water-extracted organic carbon and nitrogen (HWEOC and HWEN) at 80 ^oC and 16 hours, water-extracted organic carbon and nitrogen (WEOC and WEN) at room temperature, and their δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N were measured from the five fertilizer treatment plots as [1) PK, 2) NPK, 3) NPK + 6 Mg ha^-1 rice straw (RS), 4) NPK + 10 Mg ha^-1 rice straw compost (CM1), and 5) NPK + 30 Mg ha^-1 rice straw compost (CM3)], for surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-25 cm) layers. HWEOC and WEOC accounted for an average of about 1.5</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> and 0.66% of SOC, while HWEN and WEN accounted for an average of about 1.09 and 0.40% of soil TN, respectively. About 90% of the extracted N was organic form</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> among all treatments</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">. The values of δ¹³C for HWEOC and WEOC ranged from -28.2 to -26.</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">‰ and from -28.3 to -27.0‰, similar to the original rice straw and rice straw compost</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">, and lower than the value of original soil at -22.5</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">‰. The values of δ¹⁵N of HWEN, WEN and bulk soil ranged from 0.</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> to 3.</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">‰, from 1.0</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">to 4.0‰, and from 0.</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> to 2.</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">‰, respectively. It was clear that δ¹⁵N decreased in RS but increased in CM3 treatments. Our results </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">indicated that the amounts of h</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">ot water- and water-extracted organic matter </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">were affected by long-term </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">application of inorganic fertilizers and organic matter</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">s remarkably. However, the </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">values of δ¹³C for HWEOC</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> and </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">WEOC</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> were not different among 5 treatments, but </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">values</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> of </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">δ¹⁵N </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">of </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">HWEN and WEN </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">were affected by </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">RS </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">and </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">CM3 </span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">applications clearly</span><span style="color: windowtext; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">.</span>

AbstractNemeske still belongs to the sparsely researched area of Baranya County. Here during plowing human bones came to light. Archaeologists of the Janus Pannonius Museum conducted a rescue excavation and an instrumental survey, too. During the excavation three Árpádian period tombs were found. In surway trenches traces of several demolished Roman walls were observed. The most interesting find is a bronze plate depicting an armed rider, a lion and an altar.

AbstractAspects of the geographical setting of Tobruk, the ancient Antipyrgos, are discussed as a context for the publication of a limestone statuette of a horse and rider found in 1991 at Bir el Jeser. Stylistically difficult to date, it is probably of the later Hellenistic or Roman periods.

Ritonga ES, Istina IN, Maizar M. 2019. The performance of the c type of swamp rice line through ratoon technology at Rokan Hilir Regency. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands. 8(2):220-229. To support food security, the government set a national rice production target of 10 million tons in 2014. Its a trigger in agricultural innovation. The utilization of sub-optimal lands such as tidal lowland for the purpose of increasing food production and self-sufficiency and making swamps as a national food barn continue to be pursued, both through innovation and excavation and the development of local wisdom. Various technological innovations have been produced by the IAARD on tidal lowland, including increasing crop intensity (IP), genetic improvement in rice, and ratoon planting systems. The aim of this research was to get the type C tidal rice lines through ratoon technology. The research has been conducted at Pematang Sikek Village, Rimbo Melintang sub District, Rokan Hilir Regency with C type of tidal lowland using a Randomized Group Design with 4 replications. The rice strains tested included 11 tidal rice were with 11 types of tidal rice lines (G1, G3, G4, G6, G7, G8, G17, G20, G23, G45 , G53). The results showed that the best vegetative growth were G3 (118.33 cm), G7 (15.00 stems) Number of productive tillers was G4 (15.33 stems) while for generative growth G4 (2.50 t / ha), G53 ratoon (35.33 cm) 238.00 gram), weight of a thousand grains of G53 ratoon was (26.77 gram). G4 gives the highest production and adapted to Rokan Hilir tidal lowland.

ABSTRACTThe Roman fort at Housesteads on Hadrian's Wall is located on a high ridge formed by an outcrop of the Whin Sill. As a result of this location, the supply of water to the fort using conventional aqueducts does not appear to have been possible, and yet no alternative methods of supply have been identified. This paper, after analysing detailed meteorological records from the site, concludes that the Romans would have been able to supply a garrison of 800 men with water using rainfall harvesting from the roof structures within the fort. Using an estimated runoff rate from the roofs of 65 per cent means that the soldiers could have been supplied with 10 litres/capita/day or 8 tonnes of water in total each day provided that a storage capacity of 300 cubic metres existed within the fort. This storage capacity is believed to have been provided by stone-lined tanks with volumes of around 2 cubic metres. Perhaps four or six of these tanks would be associated with each of the major buildings within the fort. Excess surface drainage and overflow from the storage tanks would have been led to the south-east corner of the site as a result of local topography to be used for flushing the latrines.

Absorption of labor in the agricultural sector in Riau Province in 2019 was around 31.9 %, down from the previous year which reached 55.3 %. The agricultural sector has a high contribution to GDP (in economic terms) in Riau Province. The results of rice production from agricultural activities can affect vulnerability to food security in a province. The research objective is to examine the employment of agricultural sector workers and rice production in Riau Province in 2010-2018. The data used are institutional data. The method used in this research is descriptive with quantitative data support. Generally, in Riau Province, regencies classified as high in human resources (labor) sector A are Indragiri Hilir Regency and Rokan Hilir Regency which produce large amounts of rice production. Regencies that are classified as high in the number of workers are Kampar and Rokan Hulu, but rice production is still relatively low, due to not optimal productivity.

RESUMENEl nacimiento en la Antigua Roma de niños con rasgos sexuales masculinos y femeninos a la vez, los llamados andróginos o hermafroditas, eran considerados como un gravísimo prodigio. Su expiación, necesaria para el restablecimiento de las buenas relaciones entre los hombres y los dioses, quedó en manos exclusivamente de mujeres: ancianas, matronas y virgines.PALABRAS CLAVE: Antigua Roma, Matrona, prodigio, expiación, andróginoABSTRACTThe birth in ancient Rome of children with both male and female sexual features, so-called androgynes or hermaphrodites, was regarded as a an extraordinary phenomenon. Their expiation, necessary for the restoration of good relations between men and gods, remained exclusively in the hands of women: old women, midwives and virgines.KEY WORDS: Ancient Rome, midwife, prodigy, expiation, androgynus BIBLIOGRAFÍAAbaecherly Boyce, A. (1937), “The expiatory rites of 207 B. C.”, TAPhA, 68, 157-171.Allély, A. 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<p><span style="font-size: medium;">There has been an increasing debate on higher education (HE) transformation in developing countries over the past decades. The main assumption underlying this focus often centers on the arguments contrary to the dominant narratives, which have been skeptical that HE plays a considerable role for economic and social transformation. The rise of certain Asian economies including Taiwan and South Korea, which were at the same level in terms of GDP with African nation states such as Nigeria, Tanzania and Ghana in the 1960s, has confirmed the theory that maximization of knowledge is key to achieve development. Furthermore, the successful stories from the newly industrialized countries especially the BRICS</span><a title="" href="file://fclar.unesp.ad/FS/Alunos/pedro/Desktop/HE.docx#_ftn1"><strong><strong>[1]</strong></strong></a><span style="font-size: medium;"> have considerably increased the possibilities that Mozambique can learn from borrowed and contextualized policies from those states. In this article, I highlight the main changes that have recently shaped HE policy and governance including today challenges it faces. In so doing, I outline recommendations for both policy makers and higher education leaders on how they can make appropriation of the experiences that have worked in the global context to ensure the creation of local workforce capable of driving both economic and social development in the country based on knowledge investment. </span></p><div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="file://fclar.unesp.ad/FS/Alunos/pedro/Desktop/HE.docx#_ftnref1"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">[1]</span></a> An acronym applied to refer to the newly emerging economies such as Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa</p></div></div>

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> </p><p class="RESUMENCURSIVA">As in many other European countries also Finnish higher education system has witnessed several reforms over the past decade many of which originate in efforts to make more competitive and affordable higher education system. The aim of this paper is to describe the changes and institutional mergers in particular that have taken place in Finnish higher education and explore what kind of academic identities are constructed amid changes in Finnish higher education. The paper shows that the mergers followed the objectives set by the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture for the structural development of the higher education system and that the creation of a joint culture for merged institutions was important yet challenging. The paper also argues that due to these external changes in Finnish higher education there is a tendency to move from a traditional notion of an academic toward more hybrid and dynamic understanding of what it is being an academic in the 21st century.</p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>

<p>Tidal swampland in Indonesia is potential for cultivation of inbred and hybrid rice. However, rice cultivation in this land can be done only one time annually. Rice cultivation with ratoon system in this land might increase production from both the main crop and their ratoon. The study aimed to evaluate the ability of hybrid and inbred rice to produce ratoon and their grain yield in the tidal swampland of Central Kalimantan. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 12 rice varieties as treatments, namely six hybrids (Hipa 3, Hipa 4, Hipa 5, Hipa 6, Maro and Rokan) and six inbreds (Batanghari, Ciherang, IR42, Margasari, Mekongga and Sintanur); replicated three times. Cultivation of the main crop followed the recommendation. At harvest, the main crops were cut at 20 cm from the ground and fertilized with 100 kg ha-1 urea. The results showed that ratoon crops were emerged at 5–6 days after cutting, with 2–4 leaves per panicle and 5.5–26.0 tillers per clump. Average harvesting age of the ratoon was 69 days. Ratoon yield of the hybrids was better than that of the inbreds; the average was 75.2% of the main crops. Based on the criteria of rice yield, three clusters were identified, i.e. high (&gt;2 t ha-1): Hipa 3, Hipa 4, Hipa 5, Maro, Rokan, Ciherang and Sintanur; medium (1–2 t ha-1): Hipa 6, IR42, Margasari and Mekongga, and low, Batanghari. The study suggests that hybrid varieties could be developed in tidal swamplands.</p>

Abstract Metal jewellery used as votive offerings is discovered at the “barbarian” mountain sanctuary of Eklizi-Burun (the Crimea) and dating from the 1st to the 3rd centuries AD. Most of these items were probably part of female costume known from funerary contexts in the Central Crimea, which differ both regarding their location (in the Crimean Foothills and on the South-Coast), as well as the specific features of the burial rite (“cremation” vs. “inhumation”). A small part of the jewellery is characteristic only for the cemeteries in the South-Coast area containing burials with remains of cremation. An analysis of the cultural environment, in which the jewellery items deposited in the Eklizi-Burun sanctuary of the Roman period were produced and used, suggests that its worshippers came from communities living on the southern macro-slope of the main ridge of the Crimean Mountains and practised cremation of the dead. Apparently, these people appeared in the Graeco-Roman narrative tradition and local epigraphic documents of the Roman period as “Tauri”, “Scythian-Tauri”, and “Tauro-Scythians” inhabiting “Taurica”. They are presumed to have appeared in the Crimean Mountains in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC (migrating from areas with archaeological cultures influenced by the La Tène culture?) and to have maintained their cultural identity until the beginning of the 5th century AD.

Following the rescue excavation of part of the Roman cemetery and a Roman mausoleum (Site 200) on Dhahret Slama, on the SE edge of the ancient town of Leptiminus on the east coast of Tunisia, the continued pressure of modern building led to the discovery of a remarkably well preserved underground burial-complex, as well a considerable extension of the above-ground cemetery which we had previously sampled. The underground burial-complex includes a number of tunnels and chambers, undoubtedly part of a much larger area of catacombs. These underground structures are cut into the sandstone and limestone ridge known as the Formation Rejiche which runs along the coast.3 This geological formation was suitable for the cutting of Punic-type chambers, of which a number have been located on this side of Leptiminus, and for catacombs, of which other examples have been identified in the same region, at Sousse, Sullecthum, and probably Thapsus.The existence of underground structures became clear following enquiries made of local residents, who spoke of substructures and vaults beneath their houses. Residents noted that after heavy rains water vanished rapidly into the ground; we now realize that it disappears into the underground voids of built or carved structures.

Few mythic narratives of the ancient world are more famous than the story of the Colchian princess/sorceress who betrayed her father and family for love of a foreign adventurer and who, when abandoned for another woman, killed in revenge both her rival and her children. Many critics have observed the complexities and contradictions of the Medea figure—naive princess, knowing witch, faithless and devoted daughter, frightened exile, marginalised alien, displaced traitor to family and state, helper-maiden, abandoned wife, vengeful lover, caring and filicidal mother, loving and fratricidal sister, oriental ‘other’, barbarian saviour of Greece, rejuvenator of the bodies of animals and men, killer of kings and princesses, destroyer and restorer of kingdoms, poisonous stepmother, paradigm of beauty and horror, demi-goddess, subhuman monster, priestess of Hecate and granddaughter of the sun, bride of dead Achilles and ancestor of the Medes, rider of a serpent-drawn chariot in the sky—complexities reflected in her story's fragmented and fragmenting history. That history has been much examined, but, though there are distinguished recent exceptions, comparatively little attention has been devoted to the specifically ‘Roman’ Medea—the Medea of the Republican tragedians, of Cicero, Varro Atacinus, Ovid, the younger Seneca, Valerius Flaccus, Hosidius Geta and Dracontius, and, beyond the literary field, the Medea of Roman painting and Roman sculpture. Hence the present volume of Ramus, which aims to draw attention to the complex and fascinating use and abuse of this transcultural heroine in the Roman intellectual and visual world. The present introduction briefly outlines Medea's Greek history before examining in detail her journey through Republican Rome. It concludes with a survey of her imperial configurations and a preliminary framing of the studies which follow.

Research on hybrid rice in Indonesia was initiated in 1983, in collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute. Since 2000 private sector had indicated their interest in hybrid rice seed business. Planted area of hybrid rice in Indonesia was still relatively small of about 658 thousand hectares or about 5.0 percent of the total rice planted area of 13.2 million hectares in 2013. This study was aimed to analyze farmers’ responses and preferences to the development of hybrid rice in East Java, one of the rice production center in Indonesia. Contingent valuation method (CVM) to analyze farmers’ Willingness to Accept (WTA) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) with respect to various factors was then exercised to evaluate constraints and prospect of the future of hybrid rice development in Indonesia. The outputs of this study showed that farmers’ preferences to hybrid rice based on its taste was positive, especially to the newly introduced hybrid rice variety “Hipa Jatim”, when compared with the previous hybrid varieties, such as Maro and Rokan. WTA and WTP also showed significant farmers’ interests to the hybrid variety, due to higher yield and its better taste, similar to that of popular inbred rice. Farmers’ WTAs of hybrid rice was significantly influenced by the productivity, response to pests and deseases, and the total cost of production, while consummers’ WTPs of hybrid rice was significantly influened by the quality of milled rice.

This paper describes a course that I developed and co-taught with Dr. John Hopkins at Rice University in the spring of 2014, entitled “Virtual Reconstruction of Historic Cities.” In this course, student teams worked to digitally reconstruct ancient Roman and Swahili buildings. The final products followed from a semester-long engagement with research on these pasts, working with archaeological and textual sources, draft iterations of buildings, then digitally modelling the structures and building them into 3D worlds in open-source gaming software. In this paper, I describe the background to the course, how it was organized, and how the course unfolded.

<p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Rice panicles which have reached a mature state must be harvested, requiring differently specialized threshing devices and operating parameters to achieve favorable threshing and separating results. The primary objective of this study is to design a transverse multi-cylinders device that operates under the most effective possible variables to harvest rice in different states of maturity. The attachment forces between the grain and pedicel on the panicle were measured at different moisture contents. Based on rice agronomic characteristics, a transverse multi-cylinders device test bench was developed to conduct threshing and separating experiments. The threshing and separating capability of each transverse cylinder was tested, and the operating parameters of each threshing cylinder were investigated. Results showed that detachment force decreased from the bottom to the top of the rice panicle. Optimal harvesting time was identified at moisture content of 29.69%, and the best operating parameters combination was cylinder speed of 600, 650 and 700 rpm, and concave clearances of 40, 35 and 40 mm. Combine harvester of transverse multi-cylinder device test results showed an un-threshed grain ratio of 0.64%, un-separated grain ratio of 0.35%, and broken grain ratio of 0.22%, at a feeding rate of 6 kg/s. This research can be used in the future to successfully design transverse multi-cylinders device for small and medium-sized rice combine harvesters.</span></p>

The present study discusses dietetic qualities of rice and culinary recipes pertaining to its preparation as demonstrated in ancient and Byzantine medical treatises compiled between 1st and 7th cent. A.D. (Dioscurides, Galen, Oribasius, Anthimus, Alexander of Tralles, Aetius of Amida and Paul of Aegina). The evidence (in the part touching on gastronomic applications of rice) also includes De re coquinaria attributed to Apicius. The article consists of three parts. The first analyzes sources and modern literature to assess the impact of rice on the Greco-Roman and Byzantine agriculture. The results of the analysis confirm the scholarly opinion that rice was never popular in the Mediterranean in the ancient and early Byzantine periods. A slow and gradual change in its status appeared along with the Arab agricultural revolution. The second chapter of the study is devoted to dietetic characterizations of rice and presents features attributed to the cereal over the ages. The authors come to the conclusion that the most frequent characteristics of the crop which appear in the analyzed sources are its indigestibility, unwholesomeness, astringency (styptic action) as well as the ability to slow down the work of the alimentary tract. The final part of the article tries to retrieve from medical and culinary writings main culinary guidelines according to which rice was prepared as food. The authors conclude that, as a rule, the cereal was not used for bread baking, though it is likely that it was utilized in making cakes. Rice usually was the basis for preparation thick, gruel-like dishes which were normally compared to chondros or poltos, less thick soups which were said to be similar to ptisane, and watery, thin concoctions called chyloi, created by diluting rice stock.

This study aims to determine farmers' perceptions of the role of agribusiness institutions and shape of roles agribusiness institutions in helping farmers deal with various farming problems and increasing rice productivity in Rokan Hulu Regency. The study was conducted by survey with a qualitative descriptive analysis method. Research respondents were 40 rice farmers scattered in Rokan Hulu Regency. Based on the research results it is known that 1. institute of agricultural inputs available at the village level with the acquisition of a score of 3.75 category of "have a role", especially in providing of inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural equipment at affordable prices for farmers. 2. financial institutions "quite instrumental" in providing of rice farm financing with a score of 2.61, with a lower percentage of farmers participating in accessing finance facilities (22.5%) were affected by the system of repayment the loan, the interest rate and the level of risk faced. 3. The Postharvest Institution received a score of 4.38 in the "very instrumental" category for farmers in managing crop yields, as a milling and marketing service for harvest available in the village by setting prices and payment systems in favor of farmers. 4. Farmers' institutions (farmer groups) in each village "play a role" score of 3.63 in farming activities because by joining into farmer groups farmers have more access in obtaining subsidies for input production and agricultural machinery technology from the government, obtaining information in the application of agricultural cultivation technology innovations renewable effort to improve yield productivity and efficiency in the use of local resources. Paddy farmers in Rokan Hulu Subdistrict stated that the government "has a role to play" score of 3.14 in motivating farmers to increase productivity of their farming products, especially in the aspect of strengthening agricultural infrastructure and revitalizing production inputs. Extension institutions as part of the government increase human resources and strengthen Farmer Institutions "play a role" score of 3.77 in rice farming as a forum for education, facilitation, information / innovation dissemination, consultation and supervision. While the role of research institutes and universities is still not directly felt by farmers in developing farmers to increase farm productivity.

The site (map ref. ST4242 3951) lies on a small line of hills called the Nidons, which run EW along the N edge of the Polden ridge in mid Somerset (fig. 1). The crest of one of the Nidon ‘hills’ runs across the centre of the field containing the site. To the north, the land slopes down to the floodplain of the river Brue, which in the Roman period would have been a raised bog. To the south, the land dips slightly before rising again towards the top of the Polden ridge. The local geology is Jurassic Lower Lias, which is clay with some limestone; the soil (Evesham 1) is a well-drained calcareous clay.On September 14, 1998, two metal detectorists, Martin and Kevin Elliot, found a very large hoard of Roman silver denarii in a ploughed field on this ridge in Shapwick parish. The first coin find was made at the N edge of the field. The same plough furrow was then followed south across the field, yielding small numbers of coins until a group of about 70 coins was found; after half an hour the main body of coins was discovered quite close to the group of 70. The distribution of the coins across the field shows that the hoard had suffered considerable plough damage but some 9000 coins were still in situ with the corrosion products on their surfaces still intact (by contrast, the coins which had been moved by the plough had lost their corroded outer layers and therefore appeared cleaner). No photographs or other records were taken by the finders before they removed the coins, but their verbal description has proved useful. In the undisturbed main body the coins appeared to be arranged in neat individual rows on their sides, suggesting that they may have been deposited in small coin rolls or individually wrapped bundles made of an organic material such as textile or leather (since decayed). The individual rolls were probably contained within a larger sack also made of organic material (the roughly circular shape of the hoard argues against the use of a wooden box).

AbstractStudies of some 70 bore holes around ancient Pompeii, on the southwestern slope of the Somma-Vesuvius volcano, allow the reconstruction of Holocene environments earlier than the A.D. 79 eruption. This eruption produced about 10 km3 of pyroclastic material that buried the Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae and promoted a shoreline progradation of 1 km. The Sarno coastal plain, in a post-Miocene sedimentary basin, has been affected by Somma-Vesuvius volcanic activity since the late Pleistocene. At the Holocene transgressive maximum, the sea reached an area east of ancient Pompeii and formed a beach ridge (Messigno, 5600 and 4500 14C yr B.P.) more than 2 km inland from the present shore. Progradation of the plain due to high volcanic supply during the following highstand resulted in a new beach ridge (Bottaro-Pioppaino, 3600 14C yr B.P.) 0.5 km seaward of the Messigno ridge. Ancient Pompeii was built as the shoreline continued to prograde toward its present position. Deposits of the A.D. 79 eruption blanketed the natural levees of the Sarno River, marshes near the city and on the Sarno's floodplain, the morphological highs of Messigno and Bottaro-Pioppaino beach ridges, and the seashore. That shore was probably 1 km landward of the present one.

Methane emissions of agriculture sector in Indonesia from year to year increase. To reduce the rate of methane emissions increase, the Indonesian government in 2012 through the Ministry of Environment launched the Kampung Iklim program. One of the villages included in Kampung Iklim Program is Mukti Jaya Village, Rimba Melintang Sub-district, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. This research aims to analyze methane emission model of agriculture. The research was conducted through survey by field research method. Research location in Mukti Village Rimba Melintang District Rokan Hilir Regency Riau Province. The value of methane rice land emissions in Mukti Jaya Village from 2011-2015 has increased due to changes in some methane producing parameters. The use of Cisadane varieties produced the highest methane emissions compared to the Ciherang and Dodokan varieties of 0.00029 Gg CH4/year/ ha.

The first use of medicinal plants in the Middle East dates back to the Paleolithic. Travelers and merchants introduced the Greek and Roman treatments to Chinese and Indian physicians, who mixed and practiced these practices with their own. But later, with the establishment of the Cru-sades, Greek (Islamic) medicine also found its way to European medicine. It should also be said that the production of sweat, including rose and rose-making in Iran is very old and has many us-es, such as rose water to perfume people They used it and used it for cooking food and sweets (halva, rice sweets, yellow flakes, minced stew, rice milk) and also used other distillates, for ex-ample, mint juice was mixed with slices of lemon and in summer They were used to prevent heat-stroke and quench thirst, but today these healthy and natural drinks have been forgotten and re-placed by carbonated drinks that eventually cause obesity, high blood sugar and tooth decay. How good it is to live in a time of modern and industrial escape from the lives of our ancestors who lived healthy and without the worries of various diseases.

Abstract The cavalry horse, tactics and training in Western Europe – the Euro-pean provinces of the Roman Empire of the West and the Frankish Empire – du-ring the Early Middle Ages (c. 500-1000) are still subject to many myths in both popular media and academic literature. Source material is admittedly thin, yet it is specific enough to allow us to correct many of these misconceptions and outright errors. The article initially summarises the current state of knowledge on the war horse of the period, by reference to the archaeological record. It then reviews the cavalry’s battlefield tactics, derives the skill level required to execute the manoeuvres described in the sources, and analyses where and how this training could have been provided. The information gleaned provides an insight into the skills and expertise neces-sary to achieve the requisite sophisticated level of horsemanship. We shall argue that these imply a considerable investment in organisational infrastructure, per-sonnel and institutional memory, which has so far not received much academic attention, and has wider implications for our view of the era.

Gives details of the following lectures: 'The Cluniac monastery of Paisley' by John Malden (pp 1193–4) 'The Sculptor's Cave, Covesea, Moray: from Bronze Age ossuary to Pictish shrine' by Ian A G Shepherd (pp 1194–5); 'Digging for flint: the Den of Boddam/Buchan Ridge Gravel Project, Aberdeenshire' by Alan Saville & David Bridgland (pp 1195–6) `'The Discovery Programme: recent developments in Irish archaeological research' by Anne Lynch (pp 1197–8); 'Scotland in the Little Ice Age: the science and the poetry' by Ian Morrison (p 1198); 'Map-making in Roman Scotland: from Marinus to the Military Survey' by Gordon S Maxwell (p 1199) '`Images and artefacts: the material culture of Jacobitism in Scotland and England, 1688–1788' by Eirwen E C Nicholson (p 1200)

In obtaining stable and high rice yields, the leading role belongs to the use of the best varieties, harmoniously combining productivity and technological indicators of grain and milled rice quality, adapted for cultivation in the main rice-growing regions. Therefore, the aim of our research is to evaluate new rice genotypes by a set of economically valuable traits that can replace obsolete varieties in the sowing area of the region and the country as a whole for industry efficiency. Experimental plots of competitive variety testing (CVT) were laid on the territory of the rice irrigation system of the experimental production department of the Federal Scientific Rice Centre, Belozerny, Krasnodar region for three years. The results are processed by analysis of variance and correlation analysis. All new varieties formed dense panicles of 10.0-11.9 pcs / cm with a sufficient number of fertile spikelets 139.7-165.9 pcs. on average, which is responsible for the high grain content of agrophytocenosis 44.1-58.2 thousand units/m2. Hence the high grain yield - 9.2-10.2 t / ha with a good combination of the main technological indicators - the mass of 1000 grains and head rice content. The closeness of the interconnections of the main economically valuable traits and the heat supply of the growing season is determined. Four varieties (except VNIIR 10284) show a neutral yield response to one of the main factors of external influence on the plant - the sum of effective temperatures above 15 ° C. According to the results of the test, for three years in CVT and in the environmental testing, the variety Romans was transferred to State variety testing, VNIIR 10279 is being prepared for transfer.

Water stress is one of factors which causes low yield of lowland. This study aimed to identify and characterize morphology and physiology of drought tolerant rice varieties. Experiments which have conducted: (i) Investigation of rice varieties tolerance to drought stress at early vegetative stage in the laboratory (ii) morphology and physiology characters of rice varieties to drought stress in the paddy field and (iii) determining the character of root of rice tolerant to drought stress. The experimental design used was split plot design with 3 (three) replications, with drought stress as the main plot and the variety as sub-plot. The result of screening test at the laboratory using PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) which could characterize which rice varieties could be considered as drought tolerant varieties. Results showed that periods of drought increasing the proline content at Ciherang (25.38 μmol) and IPB 3S varieties (22.08 μmol) at 13 WAT (Week After Transplanting). The variety that has the highest total sugar content in the flowering stage is Rokan (289.38 mg.g-1DW) followed by Menthik Wangi (230.53 mg.g1DW), while the lowest sugar content in harvest found in Jatiluhur (17.14 mg.g-1DW) followed by Way Apo Buru (46.99 mg.g-1DW). Jatiluhur, Way Apo Buru and IPB 3S varieties have drought tolerant based on the root characteristic. Ciherang, IPB 3S, Way Apo Buru and Jatiluhur varieties were drought tolerant and potential to be used in paddy field.

The objective of this dedication was to prepare the Youth of Karang Taruna Kecamatan Tanah Putih Kabupaten Rokan Hilir as spearhead of poverty eradication toward ability to increase creative economic effort for themselves, organization and the communities around them, to train them to do creative economic business toward converting used goods to be goods having sale value and to help them to build their own creative economic business. The methods applied were presentation, games, case study, question and answer and all methods were applie by using andragogy approach. The result showed that all trainees were enthusiastic to have their own business. It was proved by the plans to set up business they presented. Besides all trainees could concert used goods to be goods having sale value like wallet, tissue box, pencil box, rice box, egg box and bag.

A figura de Jesus Cristo sem dúvida é central na reflexão teológica cristã, oriental e ocidental, ortodoxa e católico-romana, protestante e pentecostal. É central também nas práticas devocionais e piedosas populares, sem embargo da menção desta centralidade nas artes, o que evidentemente inclui a literatura. Muitas obras no estilo “A vida de Jesus” têm sido escritas, nas mais variadas tendências literárias, veiculando diferentes compreensões teológicas. O presente artigo apresenta como estudos de caso as apresentações literárias de Jesus, tal como entendidas pelo escritor espanhol J. J. Benitez e pela escritora estadunidense Anne Rice.

The research was conducted from August 2014 to Januari 2015 in the Ultisol Land, Pematang Berangan Village, Rokan Hulu Regency, Riau Province. The study aims to determine the availability of P, P and Si uptake by upland rice plants granting silicate and phosphate fertilizer on Ultisol land. The form of this research is experimental factorial completely randomized design consist of two factors. The first factor is silicate consists of four levels (0, 50, 75, and 100 kg SiO2/ha), while the second factor is phosphate fertilizer consists of four levels (0, 36, 54, and 72 kg P2O5/ha), each combination was repeated three times. The results showed that administration of silicates and phosphates increase the availability of P, P and Si uptake of upland rice crop. Giving of 100 kg SiO2 and 36 kg P2O5 per hectare increase uptake of P and Si, each respectively increased by 208 % and 218 % compared without silicates and phosphates fertilizer.