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Journal articles on the topic 'Romanian geography'
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1
URSU, Vasile-George. "FROM THE SEINE BANK TO THE CARPATHIAN RIDGES: FRENCH GEOGRAPHER EMMANUEL DE MARTONNE AND THE ROMANIAN ACADEMIC RECOGNITION." Akademos 2 (August 9, 2019): 83–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3364339.
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In this article, our aim is to redrawn the connections between the French geographer Emmanuel de Martonne, the one that was claimed to have had an academic life worthy of an adventure novel, and the Romanian Academy, the representative institution of the Romanian intelligentsia. Formed in the French academic environment, this geographer devoted a considerable part of his scientific activity, beginning with the end of the 19th century, to the Romanian geography. In this process, if we were to analyze statistically these points in his scientific work, we mention two doctoral theses and between 60-70 studies and articles. These works are really astonishing, and the Romanian geography has not had such a personality. However, the academic recognition of these merits came relatively late in 1912, being the result of a process of promotion involving the geographers S. Mehedinti and Stefan C. Hepites. After the first discussions, the election was unanimous, Em. de Martonne becoming from this moment a corresponding member of the academic institution. Later, in 1919, after the First World War, in the context of the visit of the French university mission, the teachers: Em. by Martonne, L. Poincaré, C. Diehl, Gustave Fougères, Victor Balthaz, Daniel Berthelot, Paul Janet, Joseph Bédier and Eugène Meynal were declared honorary members of the Romanian Academy as a recognition of their efforts to promote abroad the Romanian environment, ideas and ideals. These two moments are significant for the connections between the French geographer Emmanuel de Martonne and the Romanian Academy, and in the following period there is a strengthening of the geographic collaboration between the Romanian and the French geographic school.
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OPRICA, Lorena. "The symbolic geography of brașov in the online environment." SERIES VII - SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LAW 13(62), no. 2 (2020): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.ssl.2020.13.62.2.10.
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This paper analyzes how a city that seems to have had a great potential to develop more complex associations, being, the city where the first Romanian school developed and which later offered the first printing house in Romania, the first grammar in Romanian (and many other "first" objects of culture), is associated almost exclusively with an (especially) extrinsic feature - that of the beauty of nature and, only centrally, the beauty of the old city.
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Solonari, Vladimir. "From Silence to Justification?: Moldovan Historians on the Holocaust of Bessarabian and Transnistrian Jews." Nationalities Papers 30, no. 3 (2002): 435–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0090599022000011705.
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The Holocaust was one of the major experiences of the populations, both Jewish and non-Jewish, of those European countries that were either part of the Axis or occupied by Nazi Germany. This was certainly the case for the inhabitants of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and Transnistria. These regions remained under Romanian administration from June/July 1941 to spring/summer 1944. The Soviets had seized Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina from Romania in June 1940 under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. These territories were then reoccupied (“liberated”) by the Romanian and German armies after the German attack against the Soviet Union in June 1941. From 1941 to 1944 they were Romanian provinces ruled by separate highly centralized administrations. Transnistria (meaning literally “territory across the Dniester” in Romanian), which lies between the Dniester and Bug rivers, though never formally incorporated into Romania, was ruled by the Romanians during this period under the agreement with Hitler. Romanian authorities deported practically all Jews from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to Transnistria, accusing them of both treason and collaboration with the Soviets in 1940–1941 during the Soviet occupation and hostility towards the Romanian state in general. Some Roma, together with other “hostile elements” from other Romanian provinces, were also deported to Transnistria.
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Leon, Crina. "Svanhild Naterstad, “To me Romania is magic!”." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 9, no. 1 (2017): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v9i1_7.
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Svanhild Naterstad has worked as a journalist for the Norwegian newspaper Adresseavisen in Trondheim since 2002. In addition to journalism studies at the Bodø University College, she holds a Magister’s degree (corresponding to the PhD) in Romanian literature from the Institute of Classical and Romance Studies of the University of Oslo (1996). In the period January 2009-October 2010, she was employed at the Department of Modern Foreign Languages of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), which at that time hosted the only Romanian Lectureship in Norway, with financial support from Romania’s honorary consul in Trondheim, Mr. Terje Roll Danielsen. In 2012 she published the book Romania in Norwegian, at the Akademika Publishing House. After her first visit to Romania in 1988, she lived in Bucharest, during a research visit (1990-1991) and in Copşa Mică, where she worked as an interpreter between 1991-1992. Moreover, she had other stays of 1-3 months in Romania, related to her university studies and the research for the book Romania. This is an extensive book of 456 pages, which offers the Norwegian readers various information about Romania’s history, geography, nature, economy, culture, religion etc.
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Solonari, Vladimir. "“Model Province”: Explaining the Holocaust of Bessarabian and Bukovinian Jewry." Nationalities Papers 34, no. 4 (2006): 471–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990600842106.
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Romanian war-time policy towards Jews presents a paradox. In the summer and fall of 1941 Romanian military and police were killing the Jews of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina indiscriminately. In late fall of the same year, those Jews who survived the first wave of killings were forcibly deported further to the east—this time not only from Bessarabia and the northern part of Bukovina but from the whole of the latter's province. In the late fall of 1941, Jews from Odessa were once again murdered en masse and any survivors deported from the city. At this time, i.e. in the summer and fall of 1941, Romanian policy was at least as radical and brutal as the Germans', perhaps surpassing it in its brutality, a fact that elicited Hitler's delight and commendation. But then Romanian policy underwent a gradual but more and more pronounced change. Though Romanian authorities took part in the preparations for the deportation of Romanian Jews to the Nazi concentration camps in the summer and early fall 1942, in October of that year the Romanians abruptly terminated their participation in all preparations. In 1943 and 1944 the Romanian government even took measures to protect Romanian Jewish citizens residing in the German-ruled territories by demanding that those Jews were exempt from deportation to concentration camps and facilitated Jewish emigration to Palestine from Romania. Inside Romania, Jews were still heavily discriminated against, exposed to various vexations and harsh confiscatory taxation, but the majority of them survived the war.
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Jucu, Ioan Sebastian. "Rethinking Geography in Romanian Schools: Curricular Changes in Geography Learning in Post-Socialist Romania." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 46 (2012): 5440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.454.
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GAVRIȘ, Alexandru. "DRIVING FACTORS TO SELF-MARGINALITY BY IDENTITY EROSION WITHIN ROMANIAN GEOGRAPHICAL HIGHER EDUCATION." Revista Română de Geografie Politică 26, no. 2 (2024): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/rrgp.262102-377.
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The landscape of Geography within Romanian Higher Education might be at a crossroad. This is due to the over-focus on scientometric evaluations and the lack of tradition coupled to international research. In this context, we aim to highlight the role of Romanian geographers in the decline of their societal relevance, which is partly driven by an erosion of their internal identity. We identify the key factors contributing to Geography's marginalization within the Romanian academic framework and societal interests. Our analysis reveals a fragmentation of Geography as a discipline and scientific field, driven by centrifugal forces and a neglect of its foundational practices as parts of political influences.
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ILOVAN, Oana-Ramona. "Constructing the Socialist Homeland and Patriotism with Geography." Romanian Review of Geographical Education 14, no. 1 (2025): 29–40. https://doi.org/10.24193/rrge20253.
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The Romanian socialism spanned over a long period (1948-1989), transforming and shaping the education system so as to accommodate and promote communist ideology. Drawing on expert advice from several didactics of geography published during socialist Romania, on how to use propaganda information in geography classes, I employed discourse analysis to show that this process of ideologizing education was a conscious endeavour of didactics of geography authors. One of their aims was to enable geography teachers to construct discursively and visually the socialist nation and socialist patriotism during geography classes. Moreover, propaganda, according to the analysed sources, considered Geography of Romania classes as the main means to present socialist achievements to students and further introduce political messages to them.
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Light, Duncan, and Craig Young. "Urban space, political identity and the unwanted legacies of state socialism: Bucharest's problematic Centru Civic in the post-socialist era." Nationalities Papers 41, no. 4 (2013): 515–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2012.743512.
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This paper explores the relationship between the urban cultural landscape of Bucharest and the making of post-socialist Romanian national identity. As the capital of socialist Romania, central Bucharest was extensively remodelled by Nicolae Ceauşescu into the Centru Civic in order to materialize Romania's socialist identity. After the Romanian “Revolution” of 1989, the national and local state had to deal with a significant “leftover” socialist urban landscape which was highly discordant with the orientation of post-socialist Romania and its search for a new identity. Ceauşescu's vast socialist showpiece left a difficult legacy which challenges the material and representational reshaping of Bucharest and constructions of post-socialist Romanian national identity more broadly. The paper analyzes four attempts to deal with the Centru Civic: developments in the immediate post-1989 period; the international architectural competition Bucureşti 2000; proposals for building a Cathedral of National Salvation; and the Esplanada project. Despite over 20 years of proposals central Bucharest remains largely unchanged. The paper thus deals with a failed attempt to re-shape the built environment in support of national goals.
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Yeremiia, Hanna. "Contribution of Romanian speaking scientists in the development of geographic researches in Bukovina." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 49 (December 30, 2015): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2015.49.8610.
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The research and discovery of unknown pages of Ukrainian geography is an essential condition for the development of all areas of scientific and geographical process. The study and research of scientific heritage of Romanian speaking geographers is one of the modern trends in the history of geographic science. The article is devoted to the investigation of the contribution of Romanian speaking scientists in the development of geographical researches in Bukovina. Also are analyzed their scientific achievements in this branch, are made translations of the works and is described the content of main publications. The purpose of the article is to describe the scientific achievements of outstanding Romanian speaking scientists working in the field of geography, to analyze their main researching works and reveal the results of the scientific researches. The researches and discoveries of unknown pages of Ukrainian geography is essential condition for the development of all areas of scientific and geographical process. The study and research of scientific heritage of Romanian speaking geographers is one of the modern trends in the history of geography. Among the not much explored pages of scientific heritage of Ukrainian speaking geographers are Romanian scientists who have made significant contributions to the development of geographical researches in Bukovina and Chernivtsi National University: Evhen Botezat, Traian Shtefuryak, Yemil Pop, Orest Marku, George Buzhoryan and others. The direction of their researches was diverse. The scientists analyzed the influence of various factors on the environment, characterized the importance of pests for forest and aquatic ecosystems. Also, Romanian speaking scientists have also contributed to the restoration of protected areas in the Chernivtsi region, proposed new experimental measures for environmental protection, environmental reconstruction of the regions affected by human activities and more. Thus, the article described the main areas of research Romanian speaking scientists in Chernivtsi University and their contribution to the development of geographical science in Bukovina, as the need to study and to use the results of scientific research in order to enrich the modern Ukrainian geography. Key words: geographical science, research, scientists, publications, ecosystem conservation activities
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Rusu, Mihai S. "Emplacing Eminescu: The Memorial Spatialization of Romania’s National Poet in Urban Street Nomenclature." Journal of Romanian Studies 6, no. 1 (2024): 95–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jrns.2024.6.
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Besides being canonized as Romania’s “national poet,” Mihai Eminescu was hailed as the “complete man of Romanian culture” and the “absolute Romanian,” among a profusion of encomiastic praises. Eminescu was immortalized in myriads of ways, from the most solemn and official (e.g. state-run rituals) to the most prosaic and banal (e.g. banknotes). In this article, I investigate the spatial dimension of Eminescu’s memory by charting the commemorative landscape defined by toponymy and public monuments honoring the national poet in Romania. Particular attention is given to Eminescu’s presence in urban street nomenclature and its regional distribution across the country. Drawing on several datasets of spatial information, I use statistical modeling techniques to examine the factors underpinning Eminescu’s memorial namescape. Employing logistic regression analyses, the article highlights an uneven geography of Eminescu’s memory and points out the variables structuring its particular spatial patterning. This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .
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Light, Duncan, and Daniela Andone. "The Changing Geography of Romanian Tourism." Geography 81, no. 3 (1996): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20436564.1996.12452546.
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Matley, Ian M. "SIMION MEHEDINŢI AND MODERN ROMANIAN GEOGRAPHY." Professional Geographer 37, no. 4 (1985): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1985.00452.x.
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BRUSTUR, Titus. "IN MEMORIAM: DR. EMIL AVRAM (24.06.1937 – 16.08.2023)." Geo-Eco-Marina 30 (November 27, 2024): 173–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14229041.
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The month of August 2023 brought sad news to the Romanian geological community, the passing of the research geologist Dr. Emil Avram, a member of the Geology-Geography Institute of the Romanian Academy and the Geological Institute of Romania, for 35 years. He was devoted for a long period of time mainly on paleontological studies, starting with the bachelor‘s thesis on fossil traces from Vrancea, presented in 1961 at the University of Bucharest. Following that year, as a co-author, he published the first paleontological monograph on vertebrate traces from the Miocene of the Romanian Subcarpathians, which became a classic and indispensable work for paleoichnological research all over the world.
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Drăguleasa, Ionuț-Adrian, Amalia Niță, Mirela Mazilu, and Gheorghe Curcan. "Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Trends of Major Agricultural Crops in Romania Using Interactive Geographic Information System Mapping." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (2023): 14793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014793.
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This research study presents the spatio-temporal distribution of the main agricultural crops in Romania using a modern digitalisation technique, namely interactive GIS mapping. Interactive GIS mapping includes various features specific to the development of sustainable Romanian agriculture, including the arable area of Romania, information on the area (hectares) cultivated with corn, wheat, sunflower, and rape during the 1990–2018 period, the degree of mechanisation, the number of tractors, and information regarding the landforms, a natural factor in relation to cultivated surfaces. Agricultural land should be properly used based on its ability to meet the demands of consumers of traditional Romanian products with an ecological label, but also the needs of the local population, and, at the same time, to ensure the sustainability of the natural environment through the practice of ecological agriculture. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the current state of the main agricultural crops in Romania. From a theoretical but also practical point of view, this research presents, for the first time, a retrospective analysis of each county in Romania in terms of the geospatial distribution of major agricultural crops using interactive GIS mapping. Geospatial data were processed in ArcGIS Geographic Information System 10.7.2. The results of this study show that the most extensive cereal areas at the county level in Romania are corn and wheat. The largest areas cultivated with corn and wheat in 2018 were recorded in the Western Plain, the Romanian Plain, and the Moldavian Plateau. For wheat, increases were also recorded in the Dobrogea Plateau. The intensification of labour productivity and the promotion of the sustainability of the natural environment in Romania is presented through the main indicator (the number of tractors) of the degree of mechanisation of agriculture. The higher values of this indicator are in the counties of Bihor, Timiș, and Maramureș. Limitations in Romania’s agricultural data present substantial challenges to the sector’s development and sustainability. Addressing these challenges is essential for informed decision making, policy formulation, and effective resource allocation.
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Jugrin, Rodica. "Dimitrie Onciul (1856-1923)." Analele Bucovinei 60, no. 2 (2023): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.56308/ab.2023.2.02.
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Dimitrie Onciul was born in 1856 in Straja, in the present day county of Suceava. He attended the Orthodox primary school, the high school and the university (specializing in history and geography) in Chernivtsi. In Vienna he attended the Faculty of Philosophy, specializing in Latin epigraphy, diplomatic, palaeography and sigillography. In 1884, he obtained his PhD in history at the University of Chernivtsi. Since 1885, he has been a secondary professor of history and geography in Chernivtsi. In 1895, Onciu decided to leave Bukovina and go to Romania, the decision being made following the conflict with the school inspector Carl Tumlirz. In Bucharest he knew the full consecration of his activity: He became the holder of the Chair of Old History of Romanians until the End of the 17th Century of the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the University of Bucharest (1896–1923) and then dean of this faculty (1919–1923). Since 1900 he has been the director general of the archives, being involved in the organization on a modern basis of this institution, following the model of those from other European centres. As president of the Commission of Historical Monuments (1919) he inaugurated medieval archaeological research, and in 1922 he founded the Heraldic Consultative Commission, of which he was the first president. Dimitrie Onciu’s scientific activity was rewarded by his election, first as a corresponding member (1889) and then as a titular member of the Romanian Academy (1905). He was vice-president (1913–1916) and president (1920–1923) of the Academy, and president of the historical department of the Romanian Academy (1911–1914, 1919–1922). Dimitrie Onciul focused his research mainly on two major themes: ethnogenesis and Romanian continuity in the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic space and and the way of formation of the Romanian principalities as independent states. Based on the thorough study of historical sources, Dimitrie Onciu’s studies have been pioneering future research. Dimitrie Onciul did not draw up an edition of his writings, most of them, except for a few studies that were printed in the form of extracts, being published in the press of the time. Over time, several editions of the writings of the Bukovinian historian appeared. He was a member or president of cultural societies (“Arboroasa”, “Junimea”, “România Jună”, the Society for Romanian Culture and Literature in Bukovina, “The Romanian School”, the National Orthodox Society of Romanian Women, the League for Cultural Unity of All Romanians), He contributed, through public conferences and university lectures, to the spiritual training of the Great Union generation, being confident in the triumph of the national cause. On March 20, 1923, suffering of a disease he had since childhood, Dimitrie Onciu passed away. He was buried in the Horecea Central Cemetery, in Chernivtsi. He remained in the memory of posterity as a tireless researcher of the history, being considered the one who introduced the concept of „critique” in the Romanian historiography. Along with other great personalities, such as Ioan Bogdan, A. D. Xenopol, Nicolae Iorga or Vasile Pârvan, he made valuable contributions to the progress of Romanian historical science.
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Fichter, Madigan. "Rock ‘n’ roll nation: counterculture and dissent in Romania, 1965-1975." Nationalities Papers 39, no. 4 (2011): 567–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2011.585146.
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A vibrant countercultural and dissident movement developed in Romania between 1965 and 1975. Young Romanians combined elements of the global youth movement with local cultural and political practices. Thus, Romanian counterculture and dissent shared the era's hippie aesthetic and anti-authoritarianism, but was highly isolationist, vehemently antisocialist and heavily couched in the language of the nation and nationalism. Furthermore, during this early Ceauşescu period, the socialist regime attracted some level of nonconformist support through a program of reform, opposition to Soviet interference, and nationalist rhetoric. These conclusions demonstrate that the rubric of 1960s counterculture needs to be extended to include a variety of ideological and cultural positions beyond the New Left that scholars generally emphasize. Furthermore, scholarly avoidance of Ceauşescu's early period has obscured the existence of an alternative culture, and has led to an un-nuanced interpretation of Romania's postwar history.
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Plesca, Ecaterina. "Substrate Words Examined from the Perspective of Linguistic Geography (III)." Philologia, no. 2(320) (August 2023): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/1857-4300.2023.2(320).05.
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In this article we have proposed to present results of the research of the layer of autochthonous words from the Romanian language, namely the letter C (căciulă – ciucă). It is about research from the perspective of the linguistic geography of the substrate words căciulă, călbează/gălbează, căpuşă, cătun, ceafă, cioară, cioc, ciucă in the Romanian language spoken east of the Prut, according to the data provided by linguistic atlases (ALM, ALRR. Bas., ADCC/ОКДА), dialect texts, the dialectological archive/Dialectal dictionary, etc., elaborated by researchers from Chisinau. The identification of native words from the Romanian-speaking area in the east of the Prut with those from the vocabulary of the Daco-Romanian dialects on the right of the Prut, but also with those from the southern dialects – Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, IstroRomanian – allow us to note some similarities regarding their character as preservers of old elements in the lexical field.
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MARINESCU, Valentina. "A (not so) distant mirror: Koreans’ opinions about the impact of Korean culture in Romania." Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series IV: Philology and Cultural Studies 14 (63), no. 1 (2021): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.1.5.
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The present paper aimed to identify the ways in which the members of the Korean diaspora in Romania assessed the Romanian economy and society. The research project used the method of interview applied on a sample of seven Koreans settled in Romania. As the analysis showed, the image of the Romanian economy and society among members of Korean diaspora in Romania is a balanced one. It contains both positive and negative elements. ‘Respect’ was the main value that was assessed as important to be ‘exported’ from South Korea to Romania. Mass media were recognised as the main ‘vehicles’ for the introduction of South Korean popular culture. The success of Hallyu also had a positive influence on the economic relation between Romania and South Korea.
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Mândru, Anca Maria. "“Nationalism as a national danger?” Early Romanian socialists and the paradoxes of the national question (1880–1914)." Nationalities Papers 43, no. 2 (2015): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2014.973389.
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This article traces the gradual accommodation of early socialists in Romania with the predicament of nationalism in the period between 1880 and 1914. The attitudes of Romanian socialists evolved from initial ambivalence toward nationalism to staunch commitment to internationalism in the 1890s, and an inadvertent but unmistakable growing engagement with nationalism after the turn of the century. Locating socialism in the broader political and cultural debates of the time, this article argues that belonging to the Romanian public arena forced socialists to become increasingly more sensitive to the challenges of nationalism. Especially after 1900, the rise of very influential competing nationalist ideologies, as well as the necessity to address the Jewish question and the problem of ethnic Romanians living abroad, turned Romanian socialists into opponents but also implicit partners of dialogue in debates on nationalism. In the long run, however, socialists failed to find a persuasive alternative to nationalism and eventually resorted to the same language, concepts, and imagery they were so vocally dismissing. Engaging the popular nationalist trends of the time required socialists to reevaluate their own theoretical tenets and to put forward different, but essentially no less nationalistic, projects for the future.
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Ianoş, Ioan, Radu Săgeată, and Anthony Sorensen. "Simion Mehedinţi's Contribution to Modern Romanian Geography." Professional Geographer 70, no. 3 (2018): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2018.1432365.
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Voiculescu, Sorina. "Teaching gender and geography in Romanian universities." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 20, no. 3 (2011): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2011.588497.
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Gatejel, Luminita. "A Socialist–Capitalist joint venture: Citroën in Romania during the 1980s." Journal of Transport History 38, no. 1 (2017): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526617698150.
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After summarising 1960s first Romanian industrial deals with the West countries, this paper explores the 1976–94 cooperation with the French automobile manufacturer Citroën to build a new automotive plant in Romania. The contract with Citroën established a joint venture in Romania to produce the Citroën Axel for Western markets (branded Oltcit in Romania, after the name of the Romanian company). The deal highlighted the importance of transport for state-building processes and for creating a modern society in socialist Romania through industrial capacity building. Citroën was instead looking for peripheral production centres to lower production costs and boost sales. Unmet production volumes and standards, and shaky supply lines, gradually undermined the project. The Oltcit–Citroën deal failed because, even with Citroën’s assistance, Romanian car manufactures proved incapable of producing flawless cars and of meeting delivery terms.
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ILOVAN, Oana-Ramona, and Florentina-Cristina MERCIU. "Building Visual Intertextuality and Territorial Identities for the Romanian Danubian Settlements during Socialism." Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning SI, no. 7 (2021): 15–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jsspsi.2021.7.03.
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The politics of symbolic representation is uncovered by our examining the represented cultural landscape. In this process, semiotics and discourse analysis were the methods complementing each other and enabling us to underline how Romanians’ understanding of power relations, of past and present events and ultimately of reality was shaped by signs, symbols, and stories in official visual materials. This research aims to discuss the geography of Romania’s southern border during the socialist period (1948-1989). This geography is made of the Danube and of the Danubian settlements as represented in images within Geography of Romania school textbooks and picture postcards. Thus, the aim of our article is to decode the visual construction of territorial identity of the Danubian settlements in Romania. To reach this aim, we considered the following research questions: Is the Danube the main subject in these representations or a secondary one? How is the Danube represented? What are the key-themes of its representation? How is the past of the settlements on the Danube integrated into the visual discourse during the socialist period? What was the role played by the Danube in the history of these settlements according to these representations (i.e. textbooks and picture postcards)? Results show that the Danube is a liminal space, changing functions depending on historical, political, economic, and social circumstances. The Danube is represented as landscape, defined through its economic (i.e. transport, commerce) or historical functions (i.e. border to the south or communication route with the west). Due to its representations, also the other elements seem truthful and “natural”. The presence of people and activities in the displayed places inform and educate visitors and inhabitants how to use space (contemplative, for entertainment, for relaxation, to learn, etc.). We provide an informed understanding of Romania through visual imagery: representations are singling out its uniqueness and achievements, fitting into the metanarrative of socialist propaganda.
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Rakočević, Selena. "Dancing in the Danube Gorge: Geography, dance, and interethnic perspectives." New Sound, no. 46 (2015): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/newso1546117r.
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This paper will look at dance practices of Romanian and Serbian villagers along the Danube Gorge which historically functioned as a natural and political boundary. Opportunities for dancing in all villages in the Gorge are still very common and frequented especially during the summer time. Based on my field research, carried out since 2011, the paper examines the contemporary dance practice of this region. My methodological orientation will be based on the ethnochoreological investigation of diverse repertoires, but also diverse dance structures as "predictable" dance texts designated during previous times as Romanian or Serbian, which are interpolated by the villagers. The notion of geographical place considered in the sense of a distinct "culture area", which, according to Bruno Nettl is grounded in the history of ethnomusicology, but also ethnochoreology, will be challenged by applying Martin Stokes' concept of (geographical) place as a social construction which involves notions of difference and social boundary. The following question will be raised: In what way does contemporary village dancing in the Danube Gorge correspond to the idea of establishing Romanian society as a part of the New Europe? In what way does the current (re)positioning of this historically and geographically distinct territory influence its contemporary dance practice? How is the concept of the ethnic dance (Romanian and Serbian) recognized both by insiders (villagers) and outsiders (the State institutions and scholars) and does this correspond to the new social and political context of contemporary Romanian society?
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Korkut, Umut. "Nationalism versus Internationalism: The Roles of Political and Cultural Elites in Interwar and Communist Romania." Nationalities Papers 34, no. 2 (2006): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990600617698.
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This paper has two main goals. First, it illuminates continuities between the ideas of “true Romanian-ness” as held by both the Romanian cultural elite and the Romanian political regimes in the interwar and communist periods. A manufactured definition of a “true” Romanian—as a Romanian Orthodox Christian, natively Romanian-speaking, and ethnically Romanian—formed the core of Romanian nationalism, regardless of the ruling ideology. This definition did not include the Roman and Greek Catholics of Romanian ethnicity on the grounds that they were not Orthodox Christians. It goes without saying that these criteria also excluded Hungarians, Germans and other ethnic minorities on the basis of ethnicity, language and religion. Second, the paper demonstrates that the principal ideas of Romanian nationalism developed in overt contrast to the internationalist ideological movements of both periods. Both the liberals and the Marxists misunderstood nationalism, claimed Ernest Gellner in 1964: liberals assumed that nationalism was a doomed legacy of outmoded irrationalism, superstition and savagery, and Marxists considered it a necessary but temporary stage in the path to global socialism. Gellner's comments are evidently appropriate to Romania, where nationalist responses developed first to the Westernization of the interwar period and second to communist internationalism after 1948.
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Crişan, Vlad, Lucian Dincă, Dumitru Târziu, Aurelia Oneţ, Cristian Oneţ, and Ilie-Cosmin Cântar. "A Comparison between Uneven-Aged Forest Stands from the Southern Carpathians and Those from the Banat Mountains." Sustainability 16, no. 3 (2024): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16031109.
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In this paper, uneven-aged stands from two important Romanian mountain areas—the Southern Carpathians and Banat Mountains—are compared with the purpose of studying the stationary conditions of uneven-aged forest stands in order to determine which management strategies are best suited to these forests and other Romanian forests with a similar structure. The study is based on silvicultural practices and natural growth conditions related to uneven-aged forest stands. The analysed surface represents 20% of Romania’s forests and includes all uneven-aged forest stands in the Southern Carpathians and half of the Romanian Western Carpathians. It has been concluded that the Southern Carpathians and Banat Mountains contain a relatively reduced percentage of uneven-aged stands compared with the total number of stands due to their composition and less favourable stationary conditions of the stands. This section highlights the novelty of the work carried out in this study on uneven-aged forest stands from two landscape reliefs in Romania.
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Cozma, Ioan, Angelica Federici, Maria Chiara Giorda, and Silvia Omenetto. "From Secular Spaces to Religious Places: The Case of the Romanian Orthodox Place of Worship of Lunghezza (Rome, Italy)." Religions 14, no. 1 (2023): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14010100.
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The purpose of this article is to study the Romanian Orthodox place of worship of Lunghezza in Rome, utilizing the expression ‘shared religious place’ and thus referring to the shift from secular to religious and asserting that it is now a camouflaged religious place. Using GIS mapping and Digital Humanities methods and tools, the paper analyses the geographical presence of Orthodox Romanians in the Metropolitan City of Rome territory and the architectural typologies of their places of worship. The history and geography of the church in Lunghezza, a former stable converted into a house of worship, reveals the form of the resilience of the Romanian Orthodox parishes, forced to find various and compelling solutions in order to survive as places of worship.
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ILOVAN, Oana-Ramona. "MAKING SPACE AND NATION MEANINGFUL THROUGH BORDERS AND THEIR REPRESENTATIONS IN ROMANIAN GEOGRAPHY TEXTBOOKS, DURING THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Territorial Identity and Development 5, no. 1 (2020): 79–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.23740/tid220205.
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Lately, in Romania and abroad, research about the hidden agendas of educational discourses circulated by school textbooks has become richer. This research focuses on the process of bordering that took place in 1918 and the creation of Greater Romania and on the new borders and their representations in Geography school textbooks before and after that year. These representations are considered in the form of both text and images. First, I describe these representations and, secondly, I uncover and explain their intentions in the respective historical and geographical contexts. As History and Geography have been always viewed among the most influential subject matters in school, I employed visual methodology and discourse analysis to study Geography of Romania school textbooks – officially accepted products. The research material is made of Geography school textbooks. From a temporal perspective, my research material includes textbooks that were circulated starting with 1902 and in the 1930s. In addition, I assessed the degree to which Geography education was politicized. Results showed that, in the first half of the 20th century, the wished-for or newly-established and contested borders of Romania generated a lengthy and argumentative discourse about state borders and about the history and geography of the territories inhabited by Romanians. Ethnocultural identity concepts and conceptions of national identity were provided for the young and not only. Geography of Romania school textbooks were not apolitical, but reinforced a socio-spatial consciousness, based on the natural and anthropic features of the borders and on how they were represented, revealing the social practice of the educational discourse about border areas.
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Rusu Gheorghieș, Daniela-Livia, Mirela Oltei, and Mihaela Oltei. "Teaching and Evaluation of Online Geography Lessons During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Geographia 65, no. 1-2 (2020): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbgeogr.2020.05.
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"Today, primary, middle and secondary schools in Romania access eLearning from different educational platforms, students manage connecting to virtual classes, sending/receiving emails, watch PowerPoint presentations, taking online tests. All these take place in the context of the pandemic determined by COVID-19. The authors tried to point out some observations to all the changes generated in the traditional Romanian schools, because of the generalized digitalization. Geography teachers try to make the necessary changes in their teaching and evaluation methods, to keep up with the digitalised demands of nowadays society. Keywords: digitalisation, online classes, COVID-19, Google Classroom, SWOT analysis. "
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UNGUREANU, Cornel. "Mihai Eminescu. Center and the path to it." Dialogica 2 (August 13, 2019): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3366944.
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The text is part of a “Literary Geography of Romania”, in work. Literary works have the strength and ability to survey the territories and draw cultural maps of the world. Mihai Eminescu’s poetic work is analyzed from the perspective of literary geography. Some of the moments of his formation are in Botoşani, Ipoteşti, Cernăuți, Blaj, Timişoara, Arad, Oraviţa. The roads of the adolescent highlight the valences of the original space. Next comes Vienna, Berlin, where the poet gathered his knowledge of the traditional civilizations regarding the “Center of the World”. Very few of the Romanian writers can be subordinated to the concept of spiritual geography as Mihail Eminescu. Eminescian geography is always linked to unpredictable passages and settlements, to searches and discoveries that the collective imaginary enhances with a happy generosity.
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Balan, Emilia Mary, and Cristina Georgiana Zeldea. "Bioeconomy in Romania: Investigating Farmers’ Knowledge." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (2023): 7883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15107883.
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The approach of studying the perceptions of Romanian farmers regarding the bioeconomy brings an element of novelty, and the study intends to add value to works in the field. The literature regarding the attitudes of farmers towards the adoption of new bioeconomic practices is quite limited at the European level and even more so in Romania. However, Romania’s agricultural potential is recognized nationally and internationally. This article aimed to explore the attitudes of Romanian farmers towards the bioeconomy and to take a step forward in determining a set of scientific actions necessary for the initiation of a national strategy dedicated to the bioeconomy. The quantitative research presented is based on a comprehensive survey. The analysis revealed the role of the bioeconomy in agricultural activities and the expectations of respondents in relation to the main aspects addressed by the concept of bioeconomy. The findings pointed out the contribution of Romanian public institutions in explaining and promoting this complex phenomenon to agricultural workers. The results led to three main conclusions: (i) farmers’ attitudes towards the bioeconomy are generally positive, although their knowledge is limited; (ii) public authorities are not sufficiently involved in supporting and promoting the bioeconomy; (iii) the bioeconomy is underfinanced at the national level. The findings draw attention to a great investment potential in the agricultural field that could foster job creation and regional development in Romania. A closer collaboration between researchers, decision-makers, local authorities, and farmers as well as the expansion of technological research are the conditions needed for the development of the bioeconomy in the agriculture of Romania.
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Ciscel, Matthew H. "A Separate Moldovan Language? The Sociolinguistics of Moldova'sLimba de Stat." Nationalities Papers 34, no. 5 (2006): 575–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990600952988.
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The politics of language identity have figured heavily in the history of the people of the Republic of Moldova. Indeed the region's status as a province of Russia, Romania, and then the Soviet Union over the past 200 years has consistently been justified and, at least partially, manipulated on the basis of language issues. At the center of these struggles over language and power has been the linguistic and cultural identity of the region's autochthonous ethnicity and current demographic majority, the Moldovans. In dispute is the degree to which these Moldovans are culturally, historically, and linguistically related to the other Moldovans and Romanians across the Prut River in Romania. Under imperial Russia from 1812 to 1918 and Soviet Russia from 1944 to 1991, a proto-Moldovan identity that eschewed connections to Romania and emphasized contact with Slavic peoples was promoted in the region. Meanwhile, experts from Romania and the West have regularly argued that the eastern Moldovans are indistinguishable, historically, culturally, and linguistically, from their Romanian cousins.
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Mocanu, Irena, Radu Săgeată, Nicoleta Damian, Bianca Mitrică, and Mihaela Persu. "The Chinese minority in Bucharest: A case study of Chinese children raised and cared for by Romanian nannies." Geographia Polonica 94, no. 4 (2021): 609–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/gpol.0223.
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Since 1990, many Chinese immigrants have come to Romania. These Chinese persons are full time involved in the profitable wholesale and retail trade activities; they have families and children, cared for by Romanian nannies. The study is focused on the particularities of an intercultural dialogue, unique and recenlty highlighted in the Romanian society: between the Romanian nannies and Chinese children, located in a representative urban area for the Chinese minority. The aim of paper is to analyses how two cultures have interacted for the purpose of child care, focusing on the ways in which the life, experiences, attitudes and opportunities of Chinese children are socially and spatially shaped, influenced and structured by cultural features of the Romanian nannies.
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Purcărea, Theodor, Valeriu Ioan-Franc, Ştefan-Alexandru Ionescu, et al. "Major Shifts in Sustainable Consumer Behavior in Romania and Retailers’ Priorities in Agilely Adapting to It." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (2022): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031627.
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The sustainable consumption and integration of digital solutions with respect to sustainable consumption have been encouraged by the new European circular economy action plan. Digital adoption has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic; companies have been challenged to rapidly adapt to the constant evolution of consumer needs and expectations, leading to valuable insights into the advancement of green business practices and a consequent rethinking of their business model. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the major shifts in sustainable consumer behavior on the Romanian retail market within the context of the Green European Deal, and retailers’ priorities in agilely adapting to these significant evolutions. Based on a comprehensive literature review on these major shifts and significant evolutions at the national and international levels, a quantitative study was carried out to evaluate the Romanian retail market and identify the major challenges faced by retailers in dealing with the new set of priorities. The data collection was conducted via a survey used in the retail environment, applied within a Romanian supermarket chain. The Romanian retail sector has a particular configuration, which may have an impact upon the study’s generalizability. Located in Central and Eastern Europe at the crossroads of the EU, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), and the Middle East, Romania is a leading destination for foreign direct investment, and it is recognized for the similarities of its distribution and sales channels, the range of its retail outlets, and the local retail market dominance on the Big Box segment by reputed major retailers. A spectacular evolution is recorded in Romania’s e-commerce market, including from the point of view of the long-standing and memorable traditional relationship between Romania and China which was confirmed more recently by Romanian consumers who prefer to buy online from stores in China. Our consumer research provides retailers with deep consumer insights with regard to their priorities in their agile adaptation. According to our research, Romanian consumers are environmentally concerned consumers, displaying an increased awareness about the important role they play with respect to impacting sustainable production and consumption by adopting green purchase behavior. Our study also points to the fact that retailers, although faced with challenges in targeting consumers with customized messages to reinforce their brand perception on sustainability issues, do pay considerable attention to sustainability as a personal value embraced by consumers and are willing to focus on digitizing their business processes to enable new, sustainable business models.
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HERMAN, GRIGORE VASILE, MIHAELA SIMONA BIRIȘ, DORINA CAMELIA ILIEȘ, et al. "The perception of geography in school and society." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 12, Special Issue 1 (2020): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.12.spec.iss1.13.
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Background: The profound changes that the Romanian society has experienced, at the background of its transition to an information and knowledge-based society, have imposed new directions and perspectives in the field of study of Geography at school and in the society. In this context, the present study aims to know the perception of the student-teacher-parent triad regarding the role of Geography at school and in the society. Material and methods: Using the method of questionnaire, a number of 927 participants were consulted, of which 421 were students, 357 teachers and 149 parents from Bihor county, Romania. Results: The research focused on three basic pillars that targeted the role and importance of Geography for society, Geography in the current education system and the perception of Geography, from the perspective of career success. Conclusions: The role of geography at school and in the society is known to the respondents. However, the current education system gives it a small importance in the instructional-educational training with repercussions on the perception of the usefulness of geography in the labor market.
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Cassidy, Kathryn. "Everyday Re-Bordering and the Intersections of Borderwork, Boundary Work and Emotion Work amongst Romanians Living in the UK." Migration Letters 17, no. 4 (2020): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v17i4.839.
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This article explores the intersections of borderwork and boundary work in everyday encounters in the UK. It focuses on the experiences of Romanian nationals, who between 2007 and 2014 were subject to transitional controls, which are understood as a form of everyday re-bordering of the de-bordered space of the EU that denied equal access to the labour market and state support. These controls were accompanied by a range of bordering discourses in the media and political circles that firmly situated Romanians outside of the UK’s contemporary political project of belonging. This article argues that in order to understand borderwork in everyday life, we need to explore how it relates to boundary work, i.e. the differential positionalities of Romanians within social hierarchies, as well as their experiences of and engagement with emotion work. The data analysed comes from participant observation with Romanian communities in London and the North East of England in the period from 2009 to 2014.
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OPRIȘ, Ioan. "Basaraban realities before union." Dialogica 3 (December 15, 2019): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3549734.
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The article briefly describes the period 1914–1918, which preceded the moment of the union of Bessarabia with Romania. The turmoil and disorder in Russia, the political and military confrontations that reached the borders of the former Tsarist empire and the the civil war erupted inside of it directly affected all its neighbours. Of course, they also spread over Romania, but especially in Bessarabia. Thus, the Bessarabian subject imposed itself in the general attention, as one who, in particular, opening the area of self-determination, altered political geography, undoing an alienated Romanian population, with those of a language and faith, and thus repairing the iniquices of the past.
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Păcurar, Alexandru. "Înființarea secției de geografie și a institutului său din cadrul Facultății de Științe de la Universitatea Daciei Superioare din Cluj." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Geographia 65, no. 1-2 (2020): 41–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbgeogr.2020.02.
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"The setting up of the Geography Department and its Institute within the Faculty of Sciences at the Upper Dacia University of Cluj. On 16 August 1919, the University Board, the organ created for the organization and employment of teaching staff for the Upper Dacia University of Cluj after its transition to Romanian administration (12 May 1919), presented and proposed the organisational chart by departments, seminars, laboratories and institutes of the future Faculty of Sciences, by means of the Board rapporteurs, scientists Gheorghe Țițeica, Ludovic Mrazec and Alexandru Borza. At the express request of professor George Vâlsan, the tertiary geographical education was also included in this Faculty, as an independent department, the Department of Geography, consisting of two sections and an Institute of Geography. This was a new situation, different from the study of Geography at the universities in Iași and Bucharest. The organisational chart of Cluj University, made according to the ”German model”, was kept until the Stalinist reform of the Romanian education on 3 August 1948. By means of suggestive examples, the main Romanian university institutions newly-created at Cluj University are illustrated and described, some of them under the auspices of the Royal Foundations, such as the Astronomic Observatory and the Institute of Chemistry and Physics, as well as others, like the Sports Park, the new Botanical Garden with the Botanic Museum, the Palace of University Clinics, the Academic College and the Ethnographic Park and Museum. The materialization of George Vâlsan’s concept regarding the study of Geography and its relations to the other departments of Cluj University, as well as the their scientific and logical foundation within the double specialization, are extensively presented, as a proof of the scientist’s determination to lay solid grounds to the Romanian tertiary geographical education at Cluj University. Keywords: Upper Dacia University of Cluj, Geography Department, Faculty of Sciences. "
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Geacu, Sorin. "Unele aspecte referitoare la geografia universitară clujeană din perioada 1940-1947." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Geographia 66, no. 2 (2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbgeogr.2021.2.04.
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"Some aspects related to Geography in the Cluj University between 1940 and 1947. The study includes a series of information that came out from the research of the archives belonging to the Romanian National Archives in Bucharest, regarding the troublesome period when the Cluj School of Geography and its Institute took refuge in Sibiu and Timișoara, and then came back to Cluj. The paper approaches several aspects concerning the organization and framing of the School of Geography departments, promotions that took place during that time, but also purges made on political criteria, as well as the involvement of staff members of the Institute of Geography within the Cluj University in the national action to support the territorial integrity of Transylvania, by means of their scientific research and studies. Keywords: „King Ferdinand I” University, refuge, Centre of Transylvanian Studies, Scientific sessions of Geography professors, Romanian Geographical Review, Transylvania, studies, territorial integrity. "
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Tanase, Mircea. "Simion Mehedinți – a Scholar Minister in a Sacrificial Government." Dialogica. Revistă de studii culturale și literatură, S(1) (November 2023): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/dia.s.2023.1.08.
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Simion Mehedinți was Minister of Education and Cults in the government of Alexandru Marghiloman (March – October 1918), when the great politician from Buzău was called by King Ferdinand I to form a new government and sign the Peace Treaty with the Central Powers. Simion Mehedinţi studied in Bucharest, Paris, Berlin and Leipzig, where he obtained the degree of doctor of philosophy (geography specialty), with the qualification “Summa cum laude”. In 1900, he taught the first university geography course in Bucharest, which constitutes the act of birth of this science in our country, Simion Mehedinţi being considered the founder of Romanian geography, recognized as one of the greatest theorists of this science worldwide. In 1905 he was elected a member of the Romanian Geographical Society, in 1908 he became, at only 40 years old, a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy, and in 1915, at 47 years old, a full member of it. As the Minister of Education and Religion, Simion Mehedinţi promoted two education laws, through which he pursued the reform of rural education. Between 1919–1939 he was a teacher at the Superior War School in Bucharest, where he taught General Geography. He died on December 14, 1962, in Bucharest, in total anonymity, at the age of 96.
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Vermeșan, Horațiu, Alexandrina Mangău, and Ancuța-Elena Tiuc. "Perspectives of Circular Economy in Romanian Space." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 6819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176819.
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The circular economy (CE) is a popular concept in the European Union (EU) space, which has been the subject of numerous research and substantiation activities. In the last years, there has been a growing interest in Romania regarding the characteristics of this new economic model and the principles on which it works. Referring to Romanian specialized literature currently available regarding the submitted topic, we consider that the theoretical part is insufficiently structured. In addition, by pointing out the applicability of the circular economy in Romanian space, we consider this to be represented mainly by the fragility of its effective and practical implementation. The examples of Romanian successes in the field of circular economy are limited, a fact that can be explained—from our perspective—through the aspect that in other EU countries, the process of development of CE has some precedents, a stronger background and a ”self-constructed” history in the topic. There is undoubtedly a necessity for adopting this new economic model, considering that, for the most part, Romanian economy is still dependent on the linear economic system. Starting from these arguments, the proposed article uses a thematic debate of the notion of circular economy, presenting, at the beginning, an incursion into the predominantly European variety of theoretical approaches. The selection of definitions and conceptualization is continued with an analysis of the stage of implementation of CE in Romania. The purpose of this approach is to investigate a niche identified in the Romanian space, not covered in the specialized scientific research and to expose the specificity of the process of transition of Romania to a circular economy, of the barriers encountered—namely, the problem related to the attitude and mentality regarding this new concept. We also point out that the intention of the study is to integrate a ”different” contemporary and very current economic concept into a real economy, and at the same time, to increase the visibility of its application at the level of a member country of the EU. The challenges encountered in the context of the increasingly present tendency in Romania of assimilating and complying with the precepts of the circular economy are also detailed, proposing, at the end of the study suggestions for improving the gaps identified at this level. The most realistic implementation of the circular model in Romania represents a qualitative plus for the human-society factor, as well as for the environment. In conclusion, we note that, despite the evolution of the number of theoretical approaches and concerns, the field of circular economy and the perspectives it proposes, continues to offer a favorable ground for further research.
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OANA-RAMONA , ILOVAN, PÉTER , BAGOLY-SIMÓ, and GEORG , HERBSTRITT. "VISUAL DISCOURSE IN ROMANIAN GEOGRAPHY TEXTBOOKS DURING SOCIALISM (1948-1989)." Romanian Review of Geographical Education, no. VII/2 (August 2018): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23741/rrge220185.
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Csata, Zsombor, and László Károly Marácz. "Prospects on Hungarian as a Regional Official Language and Szeklerland’s Territorial Autonomy in Romania." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 23, no. 4 (2016): 530–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02304005.
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This article analyses two options the Hungarian ethno-linguistic community in the Transylvanian region of Romania has in order to preserve its ethno-linguistic identity. Firstly, there is the option of unrestricted language use in the public domain. At present the Romanian legal framework assigns members of the Hungarian speaking community in Transylvania individual linguistic and cultural rights only. The Romanian language policy is further restricted by a threshold rule. The ratio of minority must number 20 per cent of the total inhabitants of a certain administrative-territorial unit in order to have their language recognised officially. The second possibility is that historical territories where Transylvanian Hungarians statistically form a dominant majority (i.e. Szeklerland) are granted territorial autonomy. The territoriality principle would secure linguistic minority rights. We will conclude that the prospects for Hungarian as a regional language in Romania are more realistic than the recognition of Szeklerland’s territorial autonomy.
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SOFRONICIU, OANA PUSA. "IMPEDIMENTS IN IMPLEMENTING LOCAL AGENDA 21 IN ROMANIA: A CASE STUDY OF RAMNICU VALCEA STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 07, no. 01 (2005): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333205001931.
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This article identifies and discusses the difficulties the main actors involved in the process of Local Agenda 21 implementation are confronted with in countries in transition as Romania. These are mainly the lack of financial resources, a weak connection of the academic world with the policy-making process, difficulties in adopting a "multistakeholders" strategy and sometimes a weak legal framework. However, specific problems characteristic for a country in transition and reminiscences of the communist regime imprint a special profile to the process of implementation of Local Agenda 21 in Romania. The solution to these problems may reside in the opening of the Romanian society to an external flux of funds and information, as well as in surpassing the weak communist thinking, which has unfortunately been maintained over years. To reach its purpose, the paper analyses the instrument for Local Agenda 21 implementation in a Romanian municipality, Ramnicu Valcea.
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Rosenthal, Denise. "“The Mythical Jew”: Antisemitism, Intellectuals, and Democracy in Post-Communist Romania." Nationalities Papers 29, no. 3 (2001): 419–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990120073681.
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A mentally healthy human being can go insane if suddenly diagnosed with leprosy. Eugen Ionescu finds out that even the “Ionescu” name, an indisputable Romanian father, and the fact of being born Christian can do nothing, nothing, nothing to cover the curse of having Jewish blood in his veins. With resignation and sometimes with I don't know what sad and discouraged pride, we got used to this dear leprosy a long time ago.With these words, the Romanian–Jewish writer Mihail Sebastian expresses within his private diary some of the darkest moments of a World War II “transfigured” Romania, populated as they are by the gothic characters of legionaries, Nazis, and antisemitism. His death soon followed in 1945, when Romania was at the threshold of fascism and communism. However, with the discovery and the subsequent publishing of Sebastian's diary in 1996, and following 50 years of communist mystification of the Jewish Holocaust, the entire chaotic war atmosphere with the fascist affections of the Romanian intellectual elite was once again brought to light with all the flavor and scent of the dark past. In this entry from Sebastian's diary he speaks of his friend, Eugen Ionescu who, born of a French-related mother and a Romanian father, was living in Bucharest at that time. He would later become known to the world as Eugène Ionesco, the famous French playwright and author of the well-known playsThe Bald SopranoandThe Rhinoceros.The above quote from Sebastian's journal, predating the international fame of Ionesco, but already marking the end of Sebastian's career under fascism, remains a traumatizing testimony of the Jewish Kafkian torment as “guilt,” a deeply claustrophobic identity that many Eastern European Jewish intellectuals have learned to internalize. Beyond this symbolism, the publishing of Sebastian's diary in Romania unintentionally challenged an existent post-communist tendency of legitimizing inter-war fascist personalities within the framework of a general lack of knowledge about the Jewish Holocaust in both the communist and post-communist periods.
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Morariu, David. "The Affective Geography of Paris in the 19th Century Romanian Novel: Between Admiration and Aversion." Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 6, no. 2 (2020): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2020.10.07.
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Based on “The Emotions of London”, a research project initiated at the Stanford Literary Lab, my article focuses on two relevant issues. First of all, I aim to demonstrate, as the “geography of emotions” experiment has already proved, that distant reading approaches and big data interpretation do not necessarily have to replace traditional methods of analysis. In other words, by using a corpus of 157 texts, I intend to outline the affective image of Paris as presented in the nineteenth century Romanian novel. Secondly, the aspect that makes my article different from “The Emotions of London” is that my purpose does not lie in analysing emotions associated with certain place-names in Paris, but with the overall image of the city, because Paris is an “abstract”, rather than a “concrete”, presence in the Romanian novel of this period. Another hypothesis that I will address is the interpretation of the emotions towards Paris, taking into account the two tendencies characteristic for the Romanian culture of the nineteenth century, namely the self-colonial tendency and the anti-colonial one.
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Schipor, Bogdan-Alexandru. "The German Invasion of Norway, April-June 1940: Romanian Echoes." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 10, no. 2 (2018): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v10i2_5.
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We can all agree that World War II, beyond its military, political or economic coordinates, countless tragedies, convulsions propagated around the world, tensions and dramas often felt to our day, was for all of us a lesson of geography. From this perspective, the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by the German and Soviet troops was a first lesson, continued on another level by the Soviet-Finnish Winter War. The invasion of Norway (and Denmark) by the Germans in April 1940, followed by the allied reaction and the transformation of the Scandinavian states into a theatre of military operations, was monitored with distinct interest in Romania, at political, diplomatic and military level, but also at the level of general perception of a society that was both worried and avid, in the context of the European (for the time being) war, of information on the evolution of the conflict and not only. Names such as Oslo, Narvik, Trondheim, Åndalsnes, Namsos, Bergen, Lillehammer, Stavanger or Tromsø become familiar to the Romanian public. We find, especially in the Romanian media of the time, a luxurious abundance of accounts, commentaries, editorials, telegrams or interviews related to the conduct of military operations in northern Europe, beyond the censorship and restrictions imposed by the conditions of the war. From this perspective, we find it difficult to attempt even to pursue the conflict in Norway in April-May 1940 only in the light of articles in the Romanian press. Central newspapers, in the first place, abound with telegrams that alternately feature views, news, and information from both camps. Inevitably there were various denials, rumors, or what we call today “fake news”, often taken over by the sensational rush, even by big press agencies of the time, without mentioning newspapers in European capitals including Bucharest. For this reason, our objective is to identify and analyze some of the Romanian echoes generated by the invasion of Norway, both in the Romanian media, but also at a diplomatic or military level, in a context in which Romania, as a neutral state, lived its own tensions and worries about its future fate as the war spread across the old continent.
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Popescu, Claudia. "Romanian industry in transition." GeoJournal 29, no. 1 (1993): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00806864.
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Ioanid, Alexandra, and Nistor Andrei. "ChatGPT in Education: Challenges in Local Knowledge Representation of Romanian History and Geography." Education Sciences 15, no. 4 (2025): 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15040511.
Full textAbstract:
The integration of AI tools like ChatGPT in education has sparked debates on their benefits and limitations, particularly in subjects requiring region-specific knowledge. This study examines ChatGPT’s ability to generate accurate and contextually rich responses to assignments in Romanian history and geography, focusing on topics with limited digital representation. Using a document-based analysis, this study compared ChatGPT’s responses to local archival sources, monographs, and topographical maps, assessing coverage, accuracy, and local nuances. Findings indicate significant factual inaccuracies, including misidentified Dacian tribes, incorrect historical sources, and geographic errors such as misplaced landmarks, elevation discrepancies, and incorrect infrastructure details. ChatGPT’s reliance on widely digitized sources led to omissions of localized details, highlighting a fundamental limitation when applied to non-digitized historical and geographic topics. These results suggest that while ChatGPT can be a useful supplementary tool, its outputs require careful verification by educators to prevent misinformation. Future research should explore strategies to improve AI-generated educational content, including better integration of regional archives and AI literacy training for students and teachers. The study underscores the need for hybrid AI-human approaches in education, ensuring that AI-generated text complements rather than replaces verified academic sources.