Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Romanian translation'

The aim of this thesis is to develop a theoretical framework that could account for the problems arising in the translation of oral history interviews. While focusing on literary, economic and technical texts, Translation Studies has neglected the examination of Oral History. In order to fill in this major lacuna in the research literature, I ask two fundamental questions: Which are the linguistic problems and challenges (if any) of such texts in translation? How do these translated oral history interviews articulate the communist experience? I do so to call attention to the mutual benefits that can be gained from such an intersectional approach. To instantiate the case, I translate from Romanian into English transcribed interviews given by three categories of people: those involved in the anti-communist armed resistance in the Carpathian Mountains (extracted from the book Memorialul Durerii: Întuneric şi Lumină, by Lucia Hossu-Longin), political prisoners (Supravieţuitorii: Mărturii din temniţele comuniste ale României, by Raul and Anca Ştef) and King Michael I of Romania (Convorbiri cu Mihai I al României, by Mircea Ciobanu). Importing Portelli’s theoretical framework from the field of Oral History allows me to identify the features of historical interviews (orality, narrative, subjectivity, performativity) and account for their difficulties in translation. However, since the Italian researcher negates the orality of transcribed interviews, I manage to solve this problem by proposing the term ‘fictive orality’ (Koch&Osterreicher) and the triad ‘vividness (repetitions/imagery), immediacy (direct speech), fragmentation (ambiguity/ellipsis)’. Defining thus the orality of my written data, I map out the translational problematics of oral testimonies on communism and contend that fragmentation presents the most difficult challenges in translation. Additionally, my results point at the copious use of repetitions, visual/kinaesthetic/organic images, and direct speech. The findings also confirm the effectiveness of a literal translation given the emphatic role acquired by the linguistic strategies previously mentioned. Conclusively, recommendations are made for proximity to the source text as the translational processs assumes the form of a ‘dialogue’ that the translator has to establish with the original, so that he/she could hear all the participants talking. Hence, I rely on foreignization as an over-arching method, demonstrating its compatibility with Oral History on communism. On the one hand, this strategy captures the cognitive and emotive dimensions of the interviewees’ language of suffering and trauma. On the other hand, it preserves the foreignness of the original, by bringing into focus the distinctively Romanian communist experiences.<br>Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

In the world of Descriptive Translation Studies, translationese refers to the specific traits that characterise the language used in translations. While translationese has been often investigated to illustrate that translational language is different from non-translational language, scholars have also proposed a set of hypotheses which may characterise such di erences. In the quest for the validation of these hypotheses, embracing corpus-based techniques had a well-known impact in the domain, leading to several advances in the past twenty years. Despite extensive research, however, there are no universally recognised characteristics of translational language, nor universally recognised patterns likely to occur within translational language. This thesis addresses these issues, with a less used approach in the eld of Descriptive Translation Studies, by investigating the nature of translational language from a machine learning perspective. While the main focus is on analysing translationese, this thesis investigates two related sub-hypotheses: simplication and explicitation. To this end, a multilingual learning framework is designed and implemented for the identification of translational language. The framework is modelled as a categorisation task, the learning techniques having the major goal to automatically learn to distinguish between translated and non-translated texts. The second and third major goals of this research are the retrieval of the recurring patterns that are revealed in the process of solving the task of categorisation, as well as the ranking of the most in uential characteristics used to accomplish the learning task. These aims are ful lled by implementing a system that adopts the machine learning methodology proposed in this research. The learning framework proves to be an adaptable multilingual framework for the investigation of the nature of translational language, its adaptability being illustrated in this thesis by applying it to the investigation of two languages: Spanish and Romanian. In this thesis, di erent research scenarios and learning models are experimented with in order to assess to what extent translated texts can be diff erentiated from non-translated texts in certain contexts. The findings show that machine learning algorithms, aggregating a large set of potentially discriminative characteristics for translational language, are able to diff erentiate translated texts from non-translated ones with high scores. The evaluation experiments report performance values such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure on two datasets. The present research is situated at the con uence of three areas, more precisely: Descriptive Translation Studies, Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing, justifying the need to combine these elds for the investigation of translationese and translational hypotheses.

This thesis focuses on the unusual phenomenon of exile from a frontier land, as it is explored by the work of the Istrian writer Fulvio Tomizza. It deals with the diaspora from Istria, a territory at the intersection of different civilizations – the Italian and the Croat-Slovenian – which has historically shaped a mixture of cultures and languages, remarkable for its hybridity. The massive exile which took place at the end of the Second World War, after the redefinition of the Italo-Yugoslav border, presents original features which, by taking advantage of the narrative tool, overturn traditional parameters attributed to exile. Focusing on Fulvio Tomizza’s novels Materada, La ragazza di Petrovia and L’albero dei sogni, and also on some of his most significant essays, I will seek to outline the specific traits that typify the detachment from one’s own native country. In particular, I shall suggest that identity and idioms are called into question even before characters have left their homeland. In addition, exile begins with a clarification of characters’ sense of belonging, which inevitably leads them to split, making the choice of whether to abandon the home country even more complicated. Once abroad, characters will develop a deep sense of estrangement, dictated by the impossibility of fitting into any other context, which will eventually drive them to a double, parallel, unsuccessful exile. In order to investigate fully the characteristics of Fulvio Tomizza’s exile, I will employ some linguistic postulates to examine the bilingualism and diglossia of the origins. The theoretical approaches of Edward Said, Sigmund Freud and Julia Kristeva will be used to inform my analysis of the more subtle mechanisms which rule exile, starting with doubleness and examining the dynamics which commonly characterize the exilic experience, including those in relation to the elaboration of the narrative itself. The novelty of this work lies in its approach to exile without preconceived arguments, which run the risk of limiting the analysis of the topic, and in the exploration of the most crucial aspects of a frontier land shaken by a territorial redefinition. This thesis also aims to reallocate the figure of Fulvio Tomizza, who has as yet not been investigated in any significant manner, most often being neglected or misunderstood. The aim is also to highlight one of the most European writers of the Italian second Novecento and his relationship with Eastern European languages and literatures.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>The purpose of this thesis is to closely analyze some of the individual authorial voices that have emerged from contemporary Romanian cinema. Billed by the international critical establishment as a "New Wave," the recent slate of Romanian productions, while very successful on the international festival circuit, still lacks an apt conceptualization of the precise characteristics that set these new filmmakers apart, not only from other international directors, but also from one another. The analysis focuses on six recent productions: Stuffand Dough (2001), The Death of Mr. Lazarescu (2005) and Aurora (2010) by Cristi Puiu, 12:08 East of Bucharest (2006) and Police, Adjective (2010) by Corneliu Porumboiu, and The Autobiography of Nicolae Ceausescu (2010) by Andrei Ujica, breaking down the individual authorial characteristics and thematic and stylistic concerns of each filmmaker and contextualizing them within the larger history of Romanian film, as well as the trajectories of international art cinema.

Esta tesis analiza los retos y dificultades de carácter léxico-semántico que supone la traducción literaria de la variante coloquial del español peninsular actual al rumano. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se enmarca en los estudios descriptivos de traducción centrados en el producto, a través del cual se pueden obtener datos relativos al proceso. La investigación se basa en teorías traductológicas orientadas hacia el receptor (Hatim y Mason, 1995 [1990]; Nord, 1997), que hacen hincapié en el papel del traductor como mediador intercultural. El enfoque pragmático-funcional que es adoptado tiene en cuenta teorías y disciplinas complementarias como la teoría del polisistema, la estética de la recepción y el estadio actual de la retórica contrastiva, así como los numerosos trabajos dedicados al español coloquial. El análisis de un amplio corpus literario confirma la hipótesis inicial, según la cual la traducción de un texto literario coloquial presenta a menudo lagunas o pérdidas semánticas o pragmáticas que están relacionadas con las tres categorías de normas formuladas por Toury (1995, 2000), lagunas o pérdidas que se hacen especialmente patentes en la combinación español > rumano. Se desprende, más concretamente, del análisis, cuál de las tres categorías influye más en la traducción y cómo podrían evitarse las deficiencias constatadas en un futuro. Se identifican y describen los principales fenómenos léxicos de carácter coloquial con las estrategias de traducción correspondientes, para acto seguido investigar las causas externas y los mecanismos cognitivos que las han generado, evaluar las soluciones y la gravedad de los errores y, en la medida de lo posible, proponer soluciones alternativas o recomendaciones. Asimismo, se formulan conclusiones con respecto a la sistematicidad de las tendencias traductoras desde la perspectiva de Toury sobre las leyes de traducción.<br>This thesis analyses the lexico-semantic challenges and difficulties posed by the literary translation of colloquial variation from today’s peninsular Spanish to Romanian. From the methodological perspective, it is a product (corpus)-based descriptive research through which data related to the translation process can be obtained. The research is based on receptor-oriented translation theories (Hatim & Mason, 1995 [1990], Nord 1997 etc.) underlying the translator´s intercultural mediator role. The pragmatic-functional approach adopted takes into account complementary disciplines and theories such as the polysystem theory, the aesthetic of the reception, the current state of play of the contrastive rhetoric, as well as numerous works dealing with colloquial Spanish. The analysis of a vast literary corpus confirms the initial hypothesis, according to which the translation of a colloquial literary text often involves semantic or pragmatic lacks and losses which are due to the three types of norms proposed by Toury (1995, 2000); those lacks and losses become especially noticeable in the Spanish-Romanian linguistic combination. The analysis will specifically reveal which of those three types of norms is more influential and how some identified translation shortcomings could be avoided in the future. Therefore, the main colloquial lexical phenomena with their corresponding translation strategies will be identified and described; subsequently, the external causes and cognitive mechanisms leading to those strategies will be studied, an assessment of the translation solutions and the gravity of errors will be carried out and alternative solutions and recommendations will be proposed, if applicable. Furthermore, conclusions regarding the systematic nature of the translation tendencies according to Toury´s translation laws will be drawn up.

À commencer avec les premiers contacts présentés dans le Chapitre 1, jusqu'à l'essor des relations franco-roumaines, nous avons restitué par cette thèse une image sur la manière dans laquelle a été bâtie et développée l'histoire commune des deux peuples, de sorte que nous pouvons parler finalement du franco - roumanisme en tant que phénomène d'ampleur. Le document sur lequel se basent nos études est la première édition du Règlement Organique, rédigé en alphabet cyrillique, mais la variante qui nous a été très utile est la variante bilingue, roumaine - française, préservée dans les Annales Parlementaires de la Roumanie, 1890. Elle a été une source très riche d'exploitation lexicale, stylistique, morphosyntaxique et de la traduction, aspects abordés dans le Chapitre 3. Celui-ci, nous l'avons structuré en deux parties : théorique, comprenant les principes de deux grands noms de la stylistique, Charles Bally, représentant suisse et Tudor Vianu, représentant roumain et des théoriciens de la traduction parmi lesquels : Georges Mounin, Marianne Lederer, John Catford, Henri Meschonnic, Algirdas-Julien Greimas, Eugene Nida, etc. et pratique, avec des analyses contrastives franco-roumaines, sur des exemples de la variante roumaine – le texte source et la variante française – le texte cible. A la fin de notre thèse, dans le Chapitre 4., nous avons exposé quelques aspects du franco - roumanisme actuel et de la variante actuelle de la Constitution roumaine, variante bilingue qui reflète très bien le saut considérable du XIXe siècle à l'époque actuelle<br>Starting with the first contacts mentioned in Chapter 1., to the flourishing of French-Romanian relationships, we have offered through this thesis an image of how has been built and developed the common history of two peoples, so that we can speak afterward of the significant French-Romanian phenomenon. The document that constitutes the basis of our studies is the first edition of the Romanian Constitutional Texts, written in Cyrillic Alphabet, but the version that has been very useful to us is the bilingual French-Romanian version preserved in the 1890 Romanian Parliamentary Annuaries. This has been a very rich source for our lexical, stylistic, morphological, syntactical and translation analysis, aspects presented in Chapter 3. We have structured it into two sections: a theoretical one, having in center two important names in stylistics, Swiss and Romanian representatives, Charles Bally and Tudor Vianu and different translation theoreticians such as: Georges Mounin, Marianne Lederer, John Catford, Henri Meschonnic, Algirdas-Julien Greimas, Eugene Nida, etc.; the second part is a practical one, with contrastive French-Romanian analysis of the two texts: the Romanian text (the source-text) and the French text (the target-text). At the end of our thesis, in Chapter 4, we have detailed some aspects of the nowadays version of the Romanian Constitutional Texts, bilingual version reflecting very well the significant progressive steps taken from the 19th century until now

Dario Fo (Nobelpreis 1997) ist einer der herausragendsten Erneuerer des italienischen Theaters des 20. Jahrhunderts. Ein Überblick über die wichtigsten Stationen seines künstlerischen Schaffens zeugt zunächst von Fos stetem Bemühen um innovative Ansätze in Bezug auf Theaterkonzeption und –praxis: immer gilt es, sich von den Konventionen des literarischen, bürgerlichen, subventionierten, weitgehend passiv rezipierten Theaters abzugrenzen und das Theater für das Publikum wieder ganzheitlich erfahrbar zu machen. Doch nicht selten geraten er und seine Truppe dabei in Konflikt mit den herrschenden politischen und gesellschaftlichen Umständen. Dies trifft auch auf sein Stück "Morte accidentale di un anarchico" (1970) zu, dessen Analyse im Zentrum dieser Arbeit steht. Ein realhistorischer Fall, der "Fall Pinelli" (bzw. "la strage di Piazza Fontana") 1969, diente Fo als Grundlage seiner sehr zeitnah entstandenen grotesken Farce, die aufgrund ihrer politischen Brisanz für Aufruhr sorgte und die auch im Ausland bis heute immer wieder auf den Spielplänen zu finden ist. Die Arbeit geht daher nicht nur auf die Produktion, Inszenierung und Rezeption des Stücks in Italien ein, sondern nimmt auch die Adaptationen und deren Rezeption in Frankreich und Deutschland in den Blick, wobei die italienspezifische Ausrichtung von Fos Theater (Rekurs auf Traditionen des italienischen Volkstheaters, Verarbeitung (tages)politischen Geschehens etc.) eine besondere Herausforderung für die fremdsprachige Bearbeitung des Stückes und seine Inszenierung darstellt. Neben den produktions- und rezeptionsästhetischen Grundbedingungen des Textes von Dario Fo werden in diesem Zusammenhang auch Spezifika der Bühnenübersetzung beleuchtet und Alternativen hierzu aufgezeigt, die auch bereits von Fos Truppe genutzt werden.<br>Dario Fo (Premio Nobel 1997) è uno dei drammaturghi e capocomici più innovatori del teatro italiano del ‘900. Verranno mostrate le tappe più importanti del suo percorso artistico che attestano una ricerca incessante di approcci innovativi per la concezione e la prassi teatrali: una lotta acerrima contro le convenzioni del teatro letterario, borghese, sovvenzionato e fruito in modo passivo. Comunque, cercando di ristabilire l’evento teatrale come esperienza olistica, Fo e la sua compagnia si ritrovano spesso in pieno conflitto con la realtà socio-politica e i suoi rappresentanti. Era anche questo il caso del pezzo "Morte accidentale di un anarchico" (1970) di cui questo lavoro presenta un’analisi. Scritta poco dopo la strage di Piazza Fontana (dicembre 1969) e quindi a quell’epoca di scottante attualità politica, questa farsa grottesca fece sorgere grandi tumulti e rimane finora uno dei pezzi più rappresentati, anche all’estero. Pertanto, questo lavoro contempla non solo la produzione, l’allestimento e la ricezione del pezzo in Italia, ma tiene anche conto degli adattamenti e della loro ricezione in Francia e in Germania. Verrà mostrata la sfida per gli adattamenti stranieri che risulta dall’italianità del teatro di Fo (ricorso alla tradizione del teatro popolare italiano, trattamento di fatti socio-politici quotidiani etc.). In questo contesto verranno spiegati anche elementi specifici della traduzione per la scena e indicata qualche alternativa che anche la compagnia di Fo già utilizza.

Notre thèse étudie les principaux aspects liés au langage juridique, plus particulièrement à la terminologie juridique dans une perspective comparative entre le français et le roumain, et dans ce contexte elle fait une analyse en vue d’élaborer un type de dictionnaire terminologique bilingue des contrats de commerce international. Par cette recherche nous souhaitons contribuer à une meilleure connaissance de la terminologie juridique en roumain. La Roumanie connaît dernièrement, surtout depuis l’adhésion à l’Union Européenne [le 1er janvier 2007] un réel besoin d’études terminologiques, d’élaboration de dictionnaires et de bases de données dans tous les domaines d’activité nécessitant la traduction et l’interprétariat. La thèse est structurée en trois parties marquant une progression : • le cadre théorique — démontrant la nécessité de délimiter et de dénommer notre champ d’étude ; •le cadre méthodologique — justifiant la nécessité d’une ontologie, d’un classement des concepts permettant de préciser la nature et l’utilisation des termes et leur définition dans notre dictionnaire ; •le cadre des applications — illustrant notre travail par l’élaboration d’un type de dictionnaire bilingue du droit des contrats de commerce international [français-roumain et roumain-français] pouvant répondre aux besoins des spécialistes qui, à des titres divers, œuvrent dans le domaine du commerce international, professionnels du droit et traducteurs liés à ces activités<br>Our dissertation is a comparative study investigating the main aspects of legal terminology in French and Romanian. In this context, the analysis aims at elaborating a bilingual, French - Romanian, Romanian - French, terminological dictionary of international commercial contracts. With this study we intend to improve the knowledge of legal terminology in Romanian. Romania has been faced lately, particularly since January 1st 2007, when it joined the European Union, with a real need for terminological studies, for dictionaries and data bases in all fields relating to translation and interpreting. The dissertation is structured in three parts marking a progression: •the theoretical framework - illustrating the need to define and delimit our field of study •the methodological framework - justifying the need for an ontology, for a classification of concepts that would enable the clarification of the nature and usage of the terms and their definition in our dictionary •the sphere of applications - illustrating our work by the elaboration of a bilingual, French - Romanian, Romanian - French, terminological dictionary of international commercial contracts, able to meet the needs of specialists working in the field of international trade, law professionals and translators working in these areas

This thesis defines ‘classical lyricism’ as any mode of appropriation of Greek and Latin monodic lyric whereby a poet may develop a wider discourse on poetry. Assuming classical lyricism as an internal category of enquiry, my thesis investigates the presence of Sappho and Catullus as lyric archetypes in Italian and North American poetry of the 20th century. The analysis concentrates on translations and appropriations of Sappho and Catullus in four case studies: Giovanni Pascoli (1855-1912) and Salvatore Quasimodo (1901-1968) in Italy; Ezra Pound (1885-1972) and Anne Carson (b. 1950) in North America. I first trace the poetic reception of Sappho and Catullus in the oeuvres of the four authors separately. I define and evaluate the role of the respective appropriations within each author’s work and poetics. I then contextualise the four case studies within the Italian and North American literary histories. Finally, through the new outlook afforded by the comparative angle of this thesis, I uncover some of the hidden threads connecting the different types of classical lyricism transnationally. The thesis shows that the course of classical lyricism takes two opposite aesthetic directions in Italy and in North America. Moreover, despite the two aesthetic trajectories diverging, I demonstrate that the four poets’ appropriations of Sappho and Catullus share certain topical characteristics. Three out of four types of classical lyricism are defined by a preference for Sappho’s and Catullus’ lyrics which deal with marriage rituals and defloration, patterns of death and rebirth, and solar myths. They stand out as the epiphenomena of the poets’ interest in the anthropological foundations of the lyric, which is grounded in a philosophical function associated with poetry as a quest for knowledge. I therefore ultimately propose that ‘classical lyricism’ may be considered as an independent historical and interpretative category of the classical legacy.

En aquesta tesi, pretenem analitzar com s’ha traduït una selecció significativa (el 52%) de les parèmies populars (també anomenades clàssiques) del Quijote a les dues versions romaneses integrals que, a dia d’avui, n’existeixen (Ion FRUNZETTI / Edgar PAPU, 1965; Sorin MĂRCULESCU, 2007 [2005]). Per a això, ens basem en el corpus fraseològic de l’obra cervantina establert pels reputats paremiòlegs Jesús CANTERA ORTIZ DE URBINA, Julia SEVILLA MUÑOZ i Manuel SEVILLA MUÑOZ (2005). Després de confessar la magdalena proustiana del treball (“3. A l’ombra de les parèmies en flor”), una breu introducció (“4. Algo va de Paremia a Paremia”) justifica la tria del corpus entre els nombrosos estudis centrats en les unitats fraseològiques. A continuació, abans d’esbossar a grans trets els objectius de l’estudi (“6. Objectius”), comentem la metodologia emprada (“5. Estructura de les fitxes”) en el nucli de la tesi, és a dir, en la redacció de 146 fitxes quixotesques (“7. Fitxes de les parèmies populars del Quijote”), que, entre variants de la parèmia de referència i/o repeticions d’algun refrany al text quixotesc, contempla un total de 202 parèmies populars. A cada fitxa, es procura, en primer lloc, ubicar la parèmia cervantina en els reculls hispànics, així com buscar-li, quan escau, referents romànics, i, àdhuc, anglesos, però, sobretot, l’objectiu principal rau en analitzar ambdues traduccions al romanès en base a les dades espigolades als diversos reculls paremiològics d’aquesta llengua. En la darrera part del treball, gràcies a la informació acumulada al llarg de les fitxes, elaborem una proposta personal de criteris per a una traducció paremiològica ad hoc amb el corpus estudiat (“8. Per a una traducció paremiològica”); i, finalment, en base a aquesta anàlisi, mirem d’escatir (“9. Conclusions”) quin d’aquests criteris va seguir cada traductor a l’hora de traslladar al romanès les parèmies del millor refranyer literari de la literatura hispànica, el Quijote.<br>The purpose of this thesis is to analyse a significant selection (52%) of popular (or 'classical') proverbs contained in the only two complete Romanian translations of Cervantes' Don Quixote (Ion FRUNZETTI / Edgar PAPU, 1965; Sorin MĂRCULESCU, 2007 [2005]). The present research is based on the phraseologic study of Cervantes’ masterpiece (2005) by acknowledged paremiologists Jesús CANTERA ORTIZ DE URBINA, Julia SEVILLA MUÑOZ and Manuel SEVILLA MUÑOZ. After reading the two complete translations, 146 files were created which contain 202 popular proverbs found in Don Quixote, including their variations and repetitions. The criteria for choosing the files to be examined are discussed in the introduction to the thesis; there are in fact a number of phraseologic studies already in existence. In each of the files, there is reference to the origin of the Romanian proverbs; it is interesting to note that some hail from Hispanic, Romance and even English paremiological collections. However, the main purpose of the thesis is to ascertain why the translators chose these particular Romanian proverbs and not others, when translating Don Quixote. In the last part of the thesis, after examining the 146 files, personal suggestions are put forward for the translation of proverbs according to given criteria. The thesis also definitively identifies the criteria FRUNZETTI / PAPU / MĂRCULESCU followed when translating the proverbs for Don Quixote, the paremiological treasure of Hispanic culture.

The project focuses on the study of the language of some of Italian and French tragedies between 1831 and 1865, in the middle period of the modernization process of the Romanian literature. The proposal perspective is historical and linguistic, but at the same time, it intends to contextualize the linguistic and literary alterations that occurred in Romania in those years in both an European and romance vision. The script structure offers two introductory chapters on the historical­literary main issues and historical­linguistic's one. The third section of the doctoral thesis concerns the analysis of a very representative corpus of pièces translations (they were made between 1831 and 1865 in the Romanian Principalities): this corpus, composed of seven pièces, is entirely focused on the tragic repertoire and includes neoclassical tragedy, romantic dramasand and Italian opera libretto. Each piece is analyzed in a dedicated monograph that point out the features of lexical borrowing, in particular by identifying any presence of relationships of direct derivation from the original French or Italian words of neologisms. The final part of the work will place the phenomenon of Romanian pièces translations and the “romance Westernization” of the Romanian language in a romance and European context: Romanian thus fits into a process of linguistic interference ­which took place in Europe in that years­ who sees both in French and in Italian languages its two main cultural points of reference. From the point of view of the study of the lexical, this has meant the circulations of "Europeanisms", a supranational and distinctive of acculturated languages lexicon, based on Latin, Greek, French and Italian, which has put in place the ultimately rediscovery of Latin in the modern Romanian language.<br>Il lavoro è incentrato sullo studio della lingua di alcune traduzioni di teatro tragico italiano e francese realizzate tra il 1831 e il 1865, periodo centrale all’interno del processo di modernizzazione della lingua romena letteraria. La prospettiva proposta è storico­linguistica ma, allo stesso tempo, si intende contestualizzare i cambiamenti linguistici e letterari avvenuti in questo periodo nell’area romena in una visione romanza ed europea. La struttura dell’elaborato propone due capitoli introduttivi dedicati alle principali questioni storico­letterarie e storico­linguistiche. La terza sezione della tesi è dedicata all’analisi di un corpus di traduzioni teatrali rappresentative realizzate tra il 1831 e il 1865 nei Principati Romeni: questo corpus, composto di sette opere teatrali, è interamente centrato sul repertorio tragico e comprende sia tragedie neoclassiche, sia drammi romantici sia un libretto d’opera italiano. Ogni opera viene analizzata in un’apposita monografia evidenziando le caratteristiche dei prestiti lessicali, in particolare individuando l’eventuale presenza di rapporti di derivazione diretta dei neologismi dall’originale francese o italiano. La parte finale del lavoro intende collocare le traduzioni teatrali romene e, più in generale, la modernizzazione del romeno letterario in un contesto romanzo ed europeo: questo si inserisce in un processo di interferenza linguistica europea che vede nel francese e nell’italiano i suoi due principali punti di riferimento. In particolare, dal punto di vista lessicale, questo ha significato la diffusione degli “europeismi”, un lessico sovranazionale e caratteristico delle lingue di cultura, esemplato sul latino, sul greco, sul francese e sull’italiano.

The aim of the thesis is to analyze certain stylistic as well as thematic aspects in prose fiction. The analysis focuses on the representation of relationships and mystique with regard to the use of punctuation, repetition and other forms of figurative language in both original and translation of romances Black Rose (2005) and Red Lily (2007) by Nora Roberts. The analysis is based on the theory of romance novels and the use of stylistic aspects in representation of the themes relationships and mystique. The paper is divided into five parts and includes appendices. Part One introduces the aim of the paper and gives a short summary of the romance novels Black Rose (2005) and Red Lily (2007) by Nora Roberts. Part Two presents the theory of romance as well as the role of mystique in romance, and outlines the theoretical background for the analysis. Part Three focuses on the theoretical aspects of theme and style and the translation problems in prose fiction, namely in the romance novels. An analysis of the cases found in the two romance novels is presented in Part Four where Chapter 4.1 focuses on the use of style in representing the theme of mystique and translation problems. Chapter 4.1 is further subdivided into Section 4.1.1 which dwells on the usage of repetition, Section 4.1.1 analyzes the use of other forms of figurative language, and Section 4.1.3 focuses on the use of punctuation patterns. Chapter 4.2 is devoted to the stylistic aspects representing the theme of... [to full text]<br>Šio darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti tam tikrus stilistinius ir teminius aspektus grožinėje literatūroje. Daugiausia dėmesio skiriama tarpusavio santykių ir mistikos elementų vaizdavimui, naudojant skyrybos, pakartojimo ir kitus vaizdingos kalbos elementus Nora Roberts romanuose “Juodoji rožė” (2005) ir “Raudonoji lelija” (2007). Analizė yra pagrįsta romano teorija ir stilistiniais aspektais, vaizduojant mistikos ir tarpusavio santykių temas. Darbą sudaro penkios pagrindinės dalys ir du priedai. Pirmojoje dalyje pristatomas darbo tikslas ir pateikiamos trumpos knygų santraukos. Antrojoje dalyje pristatoma romano teorija ir mistikos elementų romane reikšmė, o taip pat pateikiama teorinė medžiaga, kuria bus remiamasi praktinėje dalyje. Trečioji dalis dėmesį skiria teoriniams temos ir stiliaus aspektams ir jų vertimo problemoms grožinėje literatūroje, šiuo atveju, romanams. Ketvirtoje dalyje pateikiama pavyzdžių , rastų Nora Roberts romanuose „Juodoji rožė“ (2005) ir „Raudonoji lelija“ (2007), analizė. Skyrius 4.1 dėmesį skiria mistikos temos vaizdavimui ir jo vertimo problemoms. Skyrius 4.1 yra suskirstytas į poskyrius, kur poskyris 4.1.1 nagrinėja pakartojimų naudojimą, poskyris 4.1.2 nagrinėja kitas vaizdingos kalbos formas, o poskyris 4.1.3 dėmesį kreipia į skyrybos problemas. Skyrius 4.2 nagrinėja stilistinius aspektus vaizduojant tarpusavio santykių temą. Poskyriuose 4.2.1, 4.2.2 ir 4.2.3 nagrinėjami pavyzdžiai su pakartojimais, kitomis vaizdingos kalbos formomis ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

This work offers a deep historical and linguistic analysis of the main poetry translations published in Italy from late 20s to early 50s, focussing on pundits and teachers activity that we can include in the Ermertism Fiorentino School as Carlo Bo, Sergio Baldi, Renato Poggioli, Leone Traverso, Oreste Macrì. This study analysizes both antological book and monographic works. Considering the fundamental influence of this group of literati, the goal was first to understand the theory and critical context where they acted. On the metric/linguistic they mainly filter and excluded any contents that was hard to fit into the Italian panorama. The formal analysis started from the metric, the endecasillabe has been mainly used – to confirm the long lasting tradition – anyway the translators shown their capability to respect even the original structures. On the linguistic side, has been adopted a refined and pure language, that has been influenced by the Italian tradition and by the main 20th koinai. The hermetic influence is strong but many stylistic mark are indeed presents on the original texts.<br>Il presente lavoro propone uno studio storico-linguistico e metrico-stilistico delle traduzioni di poesia uscite in Italia dagli anni Trenta agli anni Cinquanta del Novecento. In particolare si concentra sull’attività traduttoria di critici e professori a diverso titolo inquadrabili nell’area dell’ermetismo fiorentino, tra i quali Carlo Bo, Sergio Baldi, Renato Poggioli, Leone Traverso, Oreste Macrì. Il corpus di riferimento comprende sia volumi antologici, sia raccolte monografiche pubblicate nell’arco temporale indicato. Considerata l’importanza culturale della vasta operazione di mediazione letteraria condotta dal gruppo di professori/critici-traduttori, si cercato in primis di coglierne le istanze sottese e i vettori portanti, in modo da delineare un contesto teorico-critico in cui contestualizzare i risultati dell’analisi metrico-lingustica. Ne è emerso un atteggiamento ambivalente di inclusione e reductio ad unum delle variegate voci poetiche straniere e al contempo di minuzioso filtraggio ed esclusione dei contenuti più difficilmente assimilabili dal contesto letterario italiano. L’analisi formale si articola in una prima parte dedicata alla metrica, in cui, a partire da una verifica della tenuta di una consuetudine plurisecolare, ossia l’impiego dell’endecasillabo come verso da traduzione, si sono valutate prima le risposte dei traduttori alle misure versali delle culture di partenza, e poi alle forme metriche. I traduttori dimostrano di maneggiare una tradizione metrico-ritmica complessa e stratificata, in cui le sperimentazioni otto-novecentesche si intersecano con le suggestioni provenienti dalle strutture di partenza generando compagini che rompono il monolinguismo endecasillabico della tradizione. All’interno del compatto gruppo dei fiorentini si stagliano comunque atteggiamenti diversi: se Traverso e Macrì non prescindono mai da una nitida caratterizzazione metrico-ritmica, Parronchi e Bo si avviano sulla la strada del verso informale. Sul piano linguistico, l’ideale di una lingua poetica universale elaborato sulla scorta di Mallarmé si attua tramite l’adozione di una lingua casta ed elegante, che risente sia della plurisecolare tradizione letteraria italiana, sia delle principali koinai novecentesche, quella dannunziano-pascoliana e quella ermetica. L’apporto di quest’ultima, però, è notevolmente inferiore rispetto a quanto ci si potesse aspettare, e molti degli stilemi che vi pertengono sono dovuti al testo originale.

Este trabalho propõe uma leitura em mosaico das Odes, em três níveis: (a) a ordem das palavras, (b) organização do poema e (c) disposição do(s) livro(s). Em seguida, diante dos efeitos produzidos por esses níveis, a tese pretende justifica e apresentar uma tradução poética que tenha a função crítica que elucidar pela prática poética os problemas críticos apontados na parte teórica<br>This work proposes a reading in mosaics of the Odes, in three levels: (a) word-order, (b) organization of the poem and (c) disposition of the book(s). After that, in face of the effects produced by those levels, this thesis aims at justifying and presenting a poetic translation that also bears a critical function through clarifying by the poetical praxis the critical problems pointed in the theoretical section

My work revolves around exploring identity of the in-between, occupying the Venn diagram middle of two cultures. As a Romanian-born, American-raised artist, I want to preserve and broadcast links to the cultures of my upbringing and birthplace. In attempts to ground and define my own “in-between” identity, I look to my parents and grandparents for cues on how they made home for themselves wherever they went, reflecting their experiences with voluntary and involuntary displacement. This text connects the research and influential family practices that shaped its companion exhibition, ranging from the role of portability in emotional transnationalism to the lasting mythology the soap opera “Dallas” holds in Romania.

This thesis deals with Czech translations from Romanian with emphasis on the translatological aspect of the topic. The theoretical part analyzes a list of translations created by the combination of a number of sources according to the original authors, the publishers of the translations, the year of publication of the Czech translation and the translators. The theoretical part also includes the outline of the development of Czech translation theories and a brief summary of modern directions in translatology. The practical part shows, using an analysis of the Czech translation of Țiganiada (Gypsiliad) by Ion Budai-Deleanu, how should look the analysis of the translation before the translator starts translating, or during his work. This part includes a practical analysis model with a division into individual segments. Each segment includes examples of potential problems and suggests a way to deal with them from a theoretical point of view.

Dissertação de mestrado em Português Língua Não Materna (MPLNM) Português Língua Estrangeira (PLE) e Língua Segunda (PL2)<br>O uso das preposições, quer para os falantes da língua romena que tencionem aprender português, quer para os falantes da língua portuguesa que pretendam adquirir a língua romena, é uma questão complexa que apresenta algumas particularidades. Assim, este trabalho debruçar-se-a sobre a utilização desta classe de palavras, através de uma análise bilingue, neste par de línguas. Com o intuito de verificar o emprego, em português, de um grupo específico de dezanove preposições romenas, este estudo serviu-se de ferramentas variadas para investigar e comparar a validez da sua utilização. Assim, para alcançar o primeiro objetivo, o de encontrar equivalentes das preposições em análise, dispomos da aplicação Google Translator. Posteriormente, efetuamos uma análise a um dicionário bilingue, com o propósito de observar a sua qualidade como produto. Finalmente, usamos o corpus paralelo DGT Translation Memory, disponibilizado pela Direção Geral da Comissão Europeia para estudar a veracidade dos equivalentes fornecidos. Com a análise destes três recursos, elaboramos uma observação contrastiva entre a ferramenta física (o dicionário) e o corpus escolhido, tendo por base os equivalentes facultados pelo Google Translator. Durante este trabalho detetamos algumas colocações gramaticais romenas, pelo que explicitamos alguns contextos da sua utilização. Por fim, tomando em consideração as limitações que fomos encontrando no leque dos recursos que utilizamos, foi-nos possível concluir que consultar um corpus linguístico em muito poderá auxiliar o trabalho lexicográfico, na medida em que esta apresenta soluções céleres e fiáveis para as questões de caráter bilingue, nomeadamente, equivalentes na língua de chegada.<br>The use of the prepositions, either by the speakers of the Romanian language who intend to learn Portuguese or by the speakers of Portuguese language who intend to acquire the Romanian language is a complex matter that presents some particularities. As so this work will address the utilization of this class of words, through a bilingual analysis, for this specific pair of languages. With the aim of checking the employment, in Portuguese, of a group of nineteen Romanian prepositions, this study uses various tools to investigate and compare their real use. To reach the first goal, of finding equivalents of the preposition that are being studied, we used the Google Translator web application. Afterwards an analysis to a bilingual dictionary was made, with the intent of observing its quality as a product. Finally, we used the DGT Translation Memory parallel corpus, made available freely by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Translation, to study the use of the obtained equivalents in real world text. With the analysis of these three resources, we elaborated a contrastive study between the physical tool (the dictionary) and the chosen corpus, having as a base the equivalences obtained using the Google Translator. During this study we detected some Romanian locutions as translations for some specific Portuguese prepositions. Therefore we describe some contexts of their use. Lastly, taking into account the limitations found in the used, we conclude that the use of a linguistic corpus helps the lexicographical work, inasmuch as it presents rapid and reliable solutions to the issues of bilingual character particularly, equivalents in the target language.