Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Romantisme (mouvement littéraire) – Critique et interprétation'
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Lavaud, Martine. "Théophile Gautier, militant du romantisme." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030058.
Full textTo portray gautier as a staunch advocate of romanticism may seem as much of an evidence as a questionable representation - if, on one hand, the "gilet rouge" coined the famous stereotype of the soldier, on the other hand, the writer's rallying to the "second empire", his subservience as a journalist, and more basically the way romanticism resists any definition, put into question such a representation. This multifaceted research takes into account the variety of gander's works whether they are critics, poems, narration, for it attempts to explore the languages of a lively polymorphous, deep-seated militancy. Thus three layers of the militant discourse are being dealt with, from its most visible signs to its most secret forms - first, the highly polemical texts attacking the bourgeois scourge; then the educational articles of gautier as an aesthetical adviser as well as the architect of a reconciliation between the poet and the prince; finally, the deepest layer of the poetical representations where the sublimated expression of his convictions is to be found. Hence, for the most part, my first section shall examine the "jeunes-france" writings, the controversial nature of les grotesques, the insolent mood of mademoiselle de maupin or the figaro. My next section shall reveal a critical outlook on the modem world with its aesthetical and technical achievements. I shall also try to determine to what extent it might be compatible with the "hugolatrie". Finally, in my last section, i shall analyze the poetics of the amoral vision - which is at the basis of the romantic resistance - by digging up the irreducible militancy buried in the deepest strata of capitaine fracasse, tableaux de siege and many other stories
Hautbout, Isabelle. ""Un prédicateur laïque" : didactisme et doute dans la création littéraire d'Alfred de Vigny." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0015.
Full textThough Alfred de Vigny believes that a philosophical literature is crucial to keep the essential ideals of Humanism alive, especially in times of spiritual crisis, he is anxious and cautious mind, thus holding in check the romantic vision of writers as literary ministers. That dual propensity to teach and to doubt makes Vigny's writing nuanced, ambiguous, giving rise to multiple interpretations. As a result, Vigny's works invite us to doubt, not only metaphysical truths, but, more radically, perceptions of the reality and the way one puts them into words. Vigny's ethics and aethetics thus harmonise in his literary works, reflecting the limitations of mankind but spurring empwering critical thinking
Urbanik-Rizk, Annie. "Du romantisme à la modernité : écriture mythologique et transfiguration du quotidien dans l'oeuvre de Michel Tournier." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040153.
Full textIn these words, Michel Tournier does not only sum up his aesthetics, but also suggests the contradictions of his writing. Finding his inspiration at the romantic source - and in particular from german writers - and at the nostalgic quest for essences, he choses narrative patterns similar to those of the german Märchen, and he considers philosophy as the servant of poetry. Tournier's works display modernity based on formal variations, the humoristic distance and the difficulty in grasping the writer's meaning. The concept of "epiphany within triviality" - or Verklärung - throws a light upon those discrepancies common to all naturalist writers. Between romanticism and modernity, they are situated at the very time when one experiences the impossibility of mimesis and its endeavour to find a meaning. Expressing a way of looking kindly at reality in order to celebrate it, in spite of its apparantly unsettling weirdness, the mythological writing of Tournier is not a mere re-writing of myths, but the exaltation of beings and things, bearing within themselves the infinite
Court-Perez, Françoise. "Gautier, un romantique ironique." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040300.
Full textBased on a global view of Gautier's works, this study stipulates that Gautier is not far from an ironic romanticism which implies a permanent critical distance within the creative activity and a constant fight against the serious spirit. It tries to show that, in Gautier’s works, minds constantly used as a joint of different aspects of humor and irony, a thought about language and reality and studies the fact that the author suggests different degrees of mind. It means to show that Gautier has no hesitation in fustigating some symbolic targets by using satire or caricature it studies mind as a consideration on the past or present styles and analyses the link of the author to grotesque, preciosity theatre, which attests a permanent bend to an art of grace, as it is still proved by the eighteenth century's model. It also questions the possibility of something going further humor, analyzing two essential myths which lead up to violence or death and it tries to show that life, in Gautier’s works, always prevails and is always seen through the prism of mind
Orsini, Philippe. "Le poète héros et le poète déchu : romantisme et réalisation de l'idéal chez Lord Byron et Alfred de Musset." Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120047.
Full textByron's influence in France, in particular on Musset, must be reconsidered. This subject has not been renewed for long. The fairly similar fortune of the two poets, especially nowadays, is due to a special conception, shared by both of them, of poetry and its relationships with life, as well as of the links between reality and ideal, action and fiction. The case of Byron and Musset throws light on the nature of romantic poetry in geneal : "byronism" may be considered as one of the four main currents of romanticism, the definition and ambition of which it helps to clarify as the realization of ideal simultaneously in and by poetry, "and" in real life. Poetry and romanticism in Byron and Musset, are essentially the confrontation and the pursuit of harmony between experience and fiction, literature and real life. This attempt, because of the political, artistic, and religious situation of the time, which is for Musset "l'antipode des grands siècle", can take only two forms : the paradoxical idealization of "le mal et le malheur", which provides Byron's and Musset's works with their main characteristics : melancholy, misanthropy, phantasmagoria ; or the necessity for the poet, all by himself, to make up for the lack of poetry of his time. Byron succeeds in realizing more completely the ideal of the poet hero, which makes possible the accomplishment of poetry in real life. Musset rather represents, heroically too, in a way, the decline of poetry in an unpoetic society
Baccelli, Monique. "Landolfi et les romantiques allemands (l'image inversee)." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030041.
Full textTommaso landolfi (pico 1908-1979) "an unclassifiable writer" looks like not belonging to his day and his country. His high knowledge incites us to seek for the source of his strange arabesques in the litteratures of the past. To privilege the german sources is not arbitrary since landolfi translates novalis, e. T. A. Hoffmann, quotes goethe, holderlin, kleist. But punctual influence explains nothingwe'd better seek for coincidences with a common "weltanschauung"; and only the german romanticism one includes an extent and a nobility comparable with those of landolfi's thought : the latter will represent the extreme end of the parable which, from novalis to buchner, through e. T. A hoffmann, goes from positive to negative and from light to darkness. Like his predecessors, "non present" and non realistic, landolfi seeks, in the imaginary and his own ego, for a refuge against a world which he can't put up with. Like them, he tests all the human values with regard to something of the absolute (infinite or nothing). But where the first romanticists find "superabundance of sensu", landolfi, with the last romanticists (and the decadents), sees only "deficiency". Queries are the same, answers seem to be apart. We have still to "decode" those appearances since landolfi hides his deep yearning under numerous masks. No more than the discovery of the influences, the statement of a certain parallelism between the german romantic thought and landolfi's thought can't explain a writer whose art is precisely to be inscrutable. The justification of that search is then to make the dimmed facets of the landolfian genius glitter under the deep light of the german romanticism
Beillacou, Florence. "Tuer l'idéal. L'anti-romantisme de Zola et des naturalistes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA121.
Full textFrom the beginning of his literary career, Zola fought against Romanticism.This opposition allowed him to build the unity of the Naturalist movement, a movement which first sprung into existence with the publication of "Evenings at Médan" (1880), the collection of short stories co-written with Céard, Maupassant, Hennique, Alexis and Huysmans. Naturalist authors, united by their hatred for Romanticism, joined forces against yesteryears’ dominant movement to defend a new aesthetics and a new school of thought: Naturalism. Thanks to Zola’s efforts to publicise this controversy, Naturalists gained visibility in the press and the publishing sector. It is largely through this opposition to Romanticism that Naturalists developed their own, deeply anti-idealistic aesthetics, and defined their positions on issues such as literature’s relation to society and politics. Their anti-Romantic stance further shaped their works of fiction. Naturalist characters often appeared as victims of Romantic culture. Moreover, Naturalist authors developed their critical discourse by dismantling clichés considered as typically Romantic. Through the novel’s metadiscourse, they inserted anti-Romantic polemic in the fiction, in an often critical and self-reflexive way
Cervoni, Aurelia. "Théophile Gautier devant la critique, 1830-1872." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040009.
Full textThe image of Gautier is often reduced to a few clichés : The red vest of the battle of Hernani ; the lampoonist eloquence of the Preface to Mademoiselle de Maupin ; "art for art's sake" ; the "impassive" aesthetics of Enamels and Cameos , which is a precursor of the Parnassus Contemporary; the dedication of the Flowers of Evil to the "perfect magician of French letters". With almost 500 articles, this work shall attempt to clarify these clichés and see how they came about by studying the controversies which Gautier's works brought about, when his first Poems were published, until his death in 1872From 1830 to 1872, Gautier has been the target of conservative Literary Critism, which considered his work as a sign of the loss of moral and religious values, stimulating the image of Literary Decadence. Taking the side of the Conservatives, the Republican critics consider “art for art’s sake” as the product of the 19th century middle-class and mercantile society. The author also has detractors within the Romantic side itself. Except during the publication of Voyage en Espagne in 1843, Gautier’s picturesque style and his indifference in regards to politics are linked to his bantering, his provocation, as well as his antihumanism. His success among the “eccentrics” from 1850 on and the Parnassiens during the following decade continues to deteriorate his image : except for some great critics, like Baudelaire, he is criticized for reducing the literary art to the level of jugglery. In the 1860’s, the aesthetics of Gautier is repulsive to the Realists and the Naturalists
Benhamza, Fatiha. "Théories et pratiques de l’imagination surnaturaliste dans les œuvres de Victor Hugo, Théophile Gautier et Charles Baudelaire." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100129.
Full textThis thesis project aims at studying the theory of surnaturalism in the works of Victor Hugo (1802-1885), Théophile Gautier(1811-1872) and Charles Baudelaire (1821-1827). The matter will be the evaluation of the concrete involvements in their litterary works. Consequently, the goal of this work will be, on one hand, analyzing the sociological, metaphysical and psychological foundations of surnaturalism, on the other hand, the evalutation the esthetic developments on the theorical and practical levels. As a result, the research will constitute three main axis : 1) Upstream, authors studied with the detailed and compared analysis of the various classical doctrines of imagination the romantic writers inherit. 2) The study of the speeches and the representations of the esthetic, contemporaries with these authors who shape the immediate background (in the second-third of the nineteenth century) of “the surnaturalism” according to Victor Hugo, Theophile Gautier and Charles Baudelaire. 3) The intrinsic description of the texts of the operating way of the surnaturalist writing, that will be defined
Girard, Christelle. "La Comédie humaine : une poétique en fictions." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC293.
Full textThe idea of mise-en-abyme in an artistic work - whether formulated by the first German Romantics or, in a different way, by the French Romantics - gained momentum at the end of the eighteenth century and during the nineteenth century. However, paradoxically, its metatextuality did not weaken when Realist aesthetics were imposed later in the nineteenth century. The metadiscourse does not interrupt the fictional immersion, as it does in parodic novels and their avatars, but it remains, albeit in new forms that are incorporated into the fiction. Balzac embodies this trend. In this sense, we support the idea that Balzac was one of the first to transpose into a Realist contract what parodic and eccentric novelists did before him or during his time. Moreover, he assigns a reflexive purpose to the category of the novel, making a specific pact with the reader. The prologue to my thesis notes the inadequacies of the prefatory discourse on the subject of the novel. But an intentional Balzacian reflexivity is palpable through an exhaustive study of the poetic lexicon, in the first part of the thesis. The years 1839 to 1844 appear as the culmination of a meditation on the novel and as a moment when metacritical vocabulary from prefatory discourse moves towards fictional intrigues. The analysis of fictionalizations, which is the subject of the second part, supposes, then, an enrichment of the debate on the novel. The third part observes a crucial shift : Balzac no longer narratizes both the novel's hold over the reader and its reflexive power. The novel thus emancipates the reader, bringing him or her into the metatextual pact
Degout, Bernard. "L'impossible souveraineté : Victor Hugo et la condamnation royaliste du romantisme, 1819-1824." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120003.
Full textThis thesis considers its subject (victor hugo until 1824, strictly) in its relation to the condamnation of romanticism by the societe royale des bonneslettres and the quatre academies, end of 1823 and beginning of 1824. The purpose is to make clear that victor hugo's work has been concerned in the first place by this condamnation, but by no means because of a concealed liberalism. Has been condamned a particular inflection of royalism (built through a rewriting of chateaubriand) that refused to the restauration the fact of being a real restauration. The strong tense of victor hugo's work to the future, the strength found in the certitude that the french revolution was opening a new era, were fought by the also strong certitude that the future was intimately threatened by the bad that had just made a formidable irruption in history ; his royalism tried to base poetically an organical sovereignety of divine law, and in the same time, the poet, whose legitimacy lay in the assomption of his divine destination, was obliged to confess that god stayed hidden to him
Scarpa, Sébastien. "Algernon Charles Swinburne et les enjeux post-romantiques de la création." Grenoble 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE39049.
Full textAn enfant terrible of the Victorian age, Swinburne can be considered the heir of the great Romantic poets. In the wake of Blake, Wordsworth or Shelley, he embodied the spirit of rebellion generated by the structures of the modern world. Be they prophetic or aimed at expressing his longing for communion with the forces of Nature, his poems take us beyond the limits of reality. Yet, his work does not amount to the mere will to transcend life's restrictive boundaries. Shattered by the disrupting event of "God's death", Swinburne would also deal with the end of idealism by re-evaluating the stakes of living in a radically immanent world. Many of his poems thus reveal the foundations of an ethic taking into consideration what is "down below". It can therefore be said that Swinburne's twofold work somehow den ounces the very impossibilities of Romanticism. As far as style is concerned, the disappearance of God was also to have an influence on the poet's aesthetics for two contrary tendencies are once again at work in the typical Swinburnian text. On the one hand, it displays the Romantic desire for expanding the possibilities of signification by turning the lines of the verse into lines of flight, and, on the other hand, Swinburne's Post-Romantic distrust of what remains beyond reach resulted in a poetics based on the notions of completeness and self-sufficiency. Extremely tight and curled upon themselves, his poems are propitious to revealing the powers of a language assuming a material existence independent of what it should signify. Both a poet of constraint and expansion, Swinburne foreshadowed modernism by drawing on the very sources of Romanticism
Schreiber-Di, Cesare Christelle. "José Zorrilla, "trovador romántico" ? : étude de ses Leyendas Tradicionales." Nancy 2, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc254/2006NAN21017.pdf.
Full textJ. Zorrilla is a Spanish poet who declared himself assigned by God with a moral and patriotic mission and contrived legends written in verse from 1837 to 1845 ; they are set in Spain between the 9th century and 1715. In 1884 he had a collection published which included thirteen of these legends entitled Leyendas Tradicionales. Claiming the heritage of the poetry of troubadours J. Zorrilla's narratives take root in spanish medieval culture. Yet he also integrated elements from the poetry of the Golden Age and of the romantic era. J. Zorrilla's writings aimed at obtaining his father's forgiveness, as he didn't share his admiration for Carlism and got no recognition from him for being a writer. Torn between several periods (the Middle Ages, the Golden Age and the 19th century), between two political ideals (Carlism and Liberalism) and two poetical approaches (the Gaya Cienca and Romanticism), J. Zorrilla became an ambiguous and original poet who greatly influenced generations of writers
Raulet-Marcel, Caroline. "Librairie romantique et genre romanesque : l'instauration d'une nouvelle relation entre l'auteur et son lecteur sous la restauration." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070039.
Full textDuring the Restoration in France, under the influence of numerous changes in the book market, the novel brought about a new relationship between authors and readers. Choosing to write novels is often seen as a sacrifice that Romantic writers made to the exigencies of the publishing world, but in fact, such writers wanted to explore the potentialities of a literary form and of a medium - the book - to create a new kind of reader in an increasingly large and anonymous public. The study of the Romantic publishing world and the analysis of the texts and peritexts of novels by Nodier, Hugo, Balzac, Stendhal, Vigny and Mérimée published between 1818 and 1829 cast light on the enunciative modalities of such a process. The Romantic relationship between authors and readers was not based on nostalgia for a declining oral culture. In spite of its rhetorical dimension the novel constructed its reader in the interstices of the enunciative System disclosed by the text. Alternatively didactic, tender, friendly, playful, literary communication was established by undermining established moral certitudes, sharing an "affective vibration" and playing implicitly with commercial novelistic forms. Irony was part of the process : it revealed the author behind the narrator, while nonetheless endangering the author figure itself. Indeed, the construction of the new literary relationship was partly based on the ambiguous search for a "catch-me-if-you-can" author. Thus, Romantic novelists criticized biographical reading, which is usually considered part of what Paul Benichou has called the "sacre de l'écrivain", but they also led the reader to explore the legends of an emerging authorial myth
Levet, Marie-Anne. "Syncrétisme, synergies, synesthésies, mimêsis littéraire et picturale en France à l'articulation des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20020.
Full textBaratin-Lorenzi, Marianne. "Les romans de george sand 1832/1842 : roman et dynamique narrative." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040029.
Full textThis work intends to show the argumentative value of george sand's novels. It is based on the vehemence of the narrative voice which supposes its argumentative vocation. It is also based on the fact that the ideologists of romanticism recognise an ideology of george sand, without relation to the naive and devaluing image generated by our author's novels. Our study concerns the period 1832-1842, when the author was training to write, according to her own testimony. In front of the failure of an analysis based on the narrative dynamics which would define the novel as an apologue, we tried to regard george sand's novels as parables. The parable supposes the transposition of a rule in the fictitious universe of the novel. Our search supposed a preliminary work, covered in the first chapters : identification of george sand's thought, independent of the various influences that were lent to her; analyze - starting from the theoretical works of the author and the classical poetics - of the criteria likely to account for the novel, apart from the only reference to narrative dynamics. We then started the analysis of the novels of 1832 to 1842, namely indiana, valentine, le secretaire intime, andre, leone leoni, simon, mauprat, le compagnon du tour de france, horace. The analysis of george sand's idealism allowed us to specific the place of reality in her works, always absent and existing only in the idealizing mirror which the novel proposes. A simplified reality is thus proposed, whose fantastic dimension makes it possible to indicate at the same time the dissatisfaction of the character and the possibility he has to progress. This progression appears in the descriptions, the iterative narrations, the dialogued scenes and the pictures which mark out george sand's novels. We thus showed a dynamics, distinct from narratives dynamic, which follows the vehement breath of the narrative voice and which is proposed as the initiative quest of the romantic man: permanent search for an obvious and remote truth which it must carry out in the society
Girardey, Pierre. "Figurations du remords dans le récit romantique : Hugo, Balzac, Dumas." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCC022.
Full textOne can define remorse as a feeling of annoyance felt by someone who knows he has acted badly, a pain due to an action which is considered bad. Even though it is a negative and reactive feeling, characterized by its punitive nature, remorse is above all a moral feeling, because the person who experiences it understands the evil he has committed by the painful effects he feels. Frozen in the repetitive logic of bad conscience, the guilty individual has to find the way to convert the remorse which makes him a slave of his crime, into a liberating repentance. This repentance is the only way which leads to atonement. Christianity has put this dialectic at the centre of its soteriology, understanding remorse as a sign of rupture with God. According to Jean Delumeau, « no civilization has given more significance to guilt […] than Western civilization between the 13th and the 18th century.» Although the Enlightenment tends to free the individual from his metaphysical worries by weakening the sense of sin and claiming the original innocence of mankind, it fails at putting an end to the apportionment of blame which remains during the 19th century. This PhD thesis analyzes several representations of remorse in Romantic fiction, especially in Balzac, Dumas and Hugo’s literary works, in order to show its specificities and explain the issues of an affect which is profoundly laicized after the French Revolution
Dahan, Jacques-Rémi. "Culture et écriture dans l'oeuvre de Charles Nodier." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040147.
Full textThe thesis file takes up and scrutinizes elements spread over twenty-five years of research on Charles Nodier. It comprises the documents detailed below. Three typed volumes, numbered from I to III: I -Synthesis note, [2]-56 p. Definition of the method and progression of the research, and general presentation of the elements of the thesis file. II - Articles, [2]-272 p. Consisting of a collection of eleven articles or communications (biography, bibliography, literary history, history of the book, etc), published between 1981 and 2002, followed by a long unpublished study on the issue of education as seen by Nodier. III - Charles Nodier and the sixteenth century, [1]-98-[1]-160 p. Long unpublished study on the place held by sixteenth-century literature in the thought of Nodier, followed by the critical edition of his writings on the subject. Three printed documents: Victor Hugo - Charles Nodier, Correspondance croisée. Bassac, Plein Chant, 1987, 198 p. Critical edition of forty-nine letters exchanged between 1823 and 1835 by these two giants of French romanticism. The volume is supplemented with the articles written by Nodier about Hugo, the mutual correspondence, etc. - Charles Nodier, Correspondance de jeunesse [1793-1813]. Genève, Droz, 1995, 2 vol. First part of a general correspondence, as yet unfinished. This critical edition of three hundred and thirty letters covers the writer's youth, from his adolescence until he settled in Paris. Chronology, bibliographies, index. - Charles Nodier, Le peuple inconnu, followed by Dernières pages d'histoire naturelle. Losne, L'Homme au Sable, Thierry Bouchard & Folle-Avoine, 2003, 87 p. Last writings of natural history (1821-1834), collected around an entomological tale of 1833. Postscript and notes
Rossignot, Olivier. "Petrus Borel, l'écriture du mal." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040029.
Full textLaniel-Musitelli, Sophie. "Science et poésie dans l'oeuvre de Percy Bysshe Shelley." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030109.
Full textThe Romantic era was a time of tremendous change in the relationship between literary creation and scientific knowledge. Scientists framed a specific language and distinctive methods as they moved away from natural philosophy, which had thus far combined physics with metaphysics and united the observation of nature with its celebration. While William Wordsworth stated that « we murder to dissect », thus declaring the secession of poetic writing from scientific discourse, Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) was steadily studying science at Eton and then at Oxford, before embarking on a medical training at Saint Bartholomew’s Hospital in London. This thesis explores the poetic transfiguration of the scientific theories and concepts that Shelley came across in his readings and during his studies. It focuses on the way science is subverted by the poet’s imagination, as scientific representations undergo a fruitful metamorphosis, and become pa! rt of the webs of metaphors woven by the text according to its own laws. Shelley recreates the mythical and imaginary foundations as well as the ethical and metaphysical implications which lie dormant in the scientific writings he looks into. This study examines the encounter of two heuristic endeavours, of two highly formalised ways of writing. Science and poetry are in search of the hidden harmonies which underlie appearances. Measuring the measureless, encompassing absolute beauty within poetic metrics, subsuming the infinite richness of the natural world within the rules of mathematical calculation, such are the parallel endeavours of Shelley’s poetry and the science of his age
Perlwitz, Ronald. "L'invention du Moyen âge dans l'oeuvre d'Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann : des implications romantiques à l'idée d'un Moyen âge révolu." Amiens, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AMIE0014.
Full textRobic, Myriam. ""Retour vers l'Eden perdu" : fonctions et représentations de la Grèce dans les oeuvres poétiques de Théodore de Banville." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/theserobic.pdf.
Full textThéodore de Banville, a little known poet generally associated with the “fantaisiste” current because of his Odes funambulesques, is at last attracting the attention of university criticism since his works provide a new vision of post-romantic poetry. Not only was Banville Baudelaire’s closest friend, he was seen as a master by Mallarmé, Verlaine and Rimbaud. By taking all of Banville’s poetry into account-from Les Cariatides (1842) to Dans la fournaise (1891) –, the intention is to re-situate the poet within the history of the nineteenth-century’s Hellenic rebirth side by side with Hugo, Baudelaire, Gautier, Leconte de Lisle, Ménard…, in a period of crisis during which artists tried to exile themselves from a “prudhommesque” world. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to re-think the aesthetic evolution of Banville’s poetry through Hellenism as well as the complex relationship between Romanticism and the Parnasse, the second being simplistically viewed as a repudiation of the first while Banville was central to both movements. Like Gautier, Banville was as a “bridge” between Romanticism and the Parnasse
Taguchi, Aki. "Recherche de l'autre et conquête de soi le "Voyage en Orient" de Nerval." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040330.
Full textThe present thesis examines the process of literary construction of the Orient of Gérard de Nerval, seen as a meeting place with the other and a stage of self-conquest. Gérard de Nerval wrote, rewrote, and reworked many times the texts that became later the Voyage en Orient. Originally published as a series of articles from 1840 to 1850, partially published as a separate volume in 1848, when the Voyage en Orient appeared in full in 1851, it was a new work. Nerval invents travel-fiction : more than ten years had passed between the real journeys, made in 1839-1840 and in 1842-1843, and the publication of the Voyage en Orient, first as a series of articles, then as a separate volume. The main part of the present thesis starts with the first publications and goes until the Voyage en Orient proper, to which Nerval, after having published an intermediate version of Scènes de la vie orientale, gave a new and subtly unclassifiable form of the travel tale. The thesis is divided into two parts, which correspond to the geography of the narrated journey. The Occidental part, from Paris via Switzerland and Austria (Vienna) to Greece (the islands), serves as an introduction to the Oriental part, from Egypt (Cairo) through Lebanon (Beirut) until Turkey (Constantinople). The thesis aims at demonstrating that, and how, Nerval's subsequent literary work took root in the long development of the Voyage en Orient
Breffi, Ferdinand. "Stendhal, Shakespeare et La Chartreuse de Parme." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL035.
Full textLa Chartreuse de Parme is marked by Shakespearean elements collected by Stendhal in his study of the playwright and his many imitations in the arts. But which Shakespeare(s) is it, between 1800 and 1840? Should we focus on the one translated by Pierre Letourneur, sometimes approximately, or should we focus on Shakespeare read in the original by Stendhal? Or even, on a mythical Shakespeare, constructed by Stendhal throughout his life? What part do these "Shakespeares" play in the intimate thoughts of the writer? Should we limit ourselves to the writer of 1838? How to reconcile the Stendhal of the twilight, with the one of the dawn, when a young Henri Beyle tried to imitate Shakespeare, in his dream of playwriting? How are we to take into account the presence, in the novel, of the pamphlet writer, who, from 1818 to 1825, uses Shakespeare’s name in order to propose an aesthetic freedom of which Paris is notably lacking? How much influence did the world of Shakespeare, as it was perceived by Stendhal, have on the text of La Chartreuse de Parme? In La Chartreuse de Parme, Stendhal uncovers the full extent of his imaginary world. His Shakespeare is made of the many Shakespearean materials he has come across, and he uses them without restraint. Then, the question is raised: how should one read, in La Chartreuse de Parme, the traces, echoes and interplays of Shakespeare's plays?
Thue-Tun, Marie-Carmen. "Vernon Lee (Violet Paget,1856-1935) : une odyssée scripturale entre romantisme et modernité." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00671392.
Full textHamon, Pascaline. "Les antinaturalismes fin-de-siècle de Barbey à Barrès (1877-1908). Exploration d'un labyrinthe critique, sociologique, philosophique, esthétique et moral." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA069/document.
Full textAntinaturalists! This term brings out the figures of critics of the nineteenth century, whose names have remained more or less engraved in memory and in literary history: Barbey d'Aurevilly, Leon Bloy, Leon Daudet, but also Pontmartin, Remy de Gourmont or Jean-Marie Guyau ... fascinating authors by their virulence, their rejection of modernity, their philosophical positions out of norm or innovative ... The present study tends to show the diversity that can animate this group, which is defined by the negative as "those who oppose Zola's literature". This alliance of opposites allows them to constitute themselves in full force on the literary chessboard.To apprehend this tension between the plurality of figures and the strength of a group whose unity is shattered on the Dreyfus affair, a first part will propose some pathways in the sociology and philosophy of the time, which highlight a complex landscape, traversed by strange phenomena of breaks and continuity. Then, questioning the way in which antinaturalists form a critical discourse. A chapter devoted to antinaturalist rhetoric will only reinforce the idea of multiplicity within this group. A double-movement of construction and deconstruction of this concept, will lead to reevaluate some grievances addressed to Zola by his enemies to highlight phenomena of re-borrowing and singular and paradoxical positions, which testify to the importance of the naturalist author in the literary field of the late nineteenth century, both literary and political
Moraes, Rodrigues Ariston. "O romantismo revisitado : Machado de Assis, primeiros romances." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA053.
Full textThis work analyzes the first four novels of the Brazilian writer Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876), and Iaiá Garcia (1978) – aiming to understand the link between these books and the Brazilian romantic movement. Although the novels were written at a time when Romanticism in Brazil was coming to an end, they were classified by critics of the early 20th century as romantic works because they contained recurrent narrative elements based on that movement which began in Brazil in 1836. Nevertheless, although such elements can be observed in the early work of Machado de Assis, they do not meet the technical procedure of the overall romanticist literary movement. It is thus necessary to discuss the extent to which these elements are deployed in the writer's initial novels. In order to do that, this work analyzes the process of creation of the Brazilian romantic movement, which is directly associated with the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889). This is important to understand the role of the local color, and more specifically of the Brazilian landscape, in the aesthetic basis of the Brazilian romanticism. From the outline of this basic structure of Brazilian romanticism, the analysis of the early novels of Machado de Assis shows that the author critically reviewed the romantic tradition to develop an original, creative, independent and universal literature
Este trabalho analisa os quatro primeiros romances do escritor brasileiro Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876) e Iaiá Garcia (1978) – com a intenção de compreender a relação destes livros com o movimento romântico brasileiro. Apesar de terem sido escritos na época em que o romantismo no Brasil chegava ao seu fim, esses livros foram classificados pela crítica do início do século XX como obras românticas dada a recorrência de elementos narrativos aparentados a este movimento que, no Brasil, teve início em 1836. No entanto, ainda que se possa observar a presença de tais elementos nas obras de juventude de Machado de Assis, eles não obedecem ao proceder técnico desse movimento literário. Então, cumpre-se discutir em que medida e de que maneira esses elementos estão presentes nos romances iniciais do escritor. Para tanto, a discussão sobre o processo de criação do movimento romântico brasileiro, diretamente associado à afirmação da identidade nacional e do Império brasileiro (1822-1889), consiste numa questão relevante a fim de se compreender a importância da cor local, e mais especificamente da paisagem brasileira, no cerne estético do romantismo nacional. A partir do delineamento desse elemento estrutural do romantismo no Brasil, a análise dos primeiros romances de Machado de Assis permite constatar de fato o seu intuito de revisitar de forma crítica a tradição romântica no intento de desenvolver uma literatura original, criativa, independente e universal
Folliot, Laurent. "Des paysages impossibles : nature, forme et historicité chez W. Wordsworth et S.T. Coleridge." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881236.
Full textMugnier, Vincent. "Chaos et création dans le Voyage en Orient de Gérard de Nerval." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0039/document.
Full textThe aim of our research has been to demonstrate methodically, following a narratological approach, that the effect of unity achieved in Nerval’s narrative work lies in the fixity of its syntactic structure. In this context, the choice of ‘Voyage en Orient’ to support such an argument might seem paradoxical: enshrined as it is in the largely uncodified genre of the Orient travel, it is subject to all manner of shifts. Yet, it is possible to identify a logical unity behind the surface proliferation, proof that the more Nerval conceals himself, the more he reveals himself. Consequently our consideration has been focused on developing this synergic dimension associating unity with disparity according to three complementary modalities. In the first instance: a syntactic dialectic which articulates the fixity of a single narrative phrase to variables of adjustment while ensuring renewal. Secondly: an actantial dialectic linking the unity of a psychodrama of identity to a series of autofictional modulations. Thirdly: the dynamic of a hermeneutical arc in which the fact of a pathological psyche finds, on the one hand, the beginnings of an understanding in the narrative configuration and, on the other hand, a form of sublimatory quest in a singular poetic art, namely literary rhapsody. Ambiguity moreover of an incomplete narrativity: how can one speak of narrative with a fragmentary text rejecting all idea of closure? Indeed is there any wonder that one should be dealing with such incompleteness when the relativist Oriental utopia of the ‘healing of hearts’ finds it hard, in a psychoanalytical light, to hide an illusory attempt to circumvent the universal taboo of incest?
Levet, Marie-Cécile. "Le paysage dans l'oeuvre romanesque de George Sand." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF20016.
Full textMildner, Susanne. ""L'Amour à la Werther" : le discours amoureux chez Goethe, Villers, Mme de Staël et Stendhal - regards croisés sur un mythe franco-allemand." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030003.
Full text“Ich habe kein Gebet mehr, als an sie; meiner Einbildungskraft erscheint keine andere Gestalt als die ihrige,und alles in der Welt um mich her sehe ich nur im Verhältnisse mit ihr“. With these words Johann Wolfgang von Goethe characterizes the deep sentiment of a heartfelt love in his Leiden des jungen Werthers, which became aworldwide success. For Anne Louise Germaine de Staël the protagonist is the representative of a unique love,Charles François Dominique de Villers admires Werther’s “Sehnsucht, Ahndung, Schwärmerei“, and Stendhal isthe first who specifies the phenomenon of the German love as “Amour à la Werther qui ouvre l'âme à tous lesarts.” In trying to bring forward a model of a supplement, or even, like Villers, of the substitute of the Frenchconcept of love to their native country, these authors assign the “romantic” ideal of Werther to his author and,moreover, to all Germans. However, does it suffice to say that Villers, de Staël and Stendhal havemisunderstood Goethe and his work? With their interpretation of Werther’s love, those authors offer an interesting example of “geistiger Handelsverkehr” between different European countries, i.e. the considerableinteraction between various cultures at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. Themisunderstandings, which are caused by these efforts of the intercultural mediation, are an essential part of theinteraction. They prove to Goethe after all, “dass er selber, wider Willen, romantisch ist.“ And to the author ofthis thesis they prove that love cannot be perceived within the borders of nations, and that it cannot simply bebroken down to stereotypes such as the frivolous Frenchman or the profound German
Veinstein, Léa. "Penser la métamorphose : quatre lectures de Kafka dans la philosophie allemande : (Walter Benjamin, Theodor W. Adorno, Hannah Arendt, Günther Anders)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC035.
Full textWe are focusing on studying four readings of Kafka in german philosophy. Why have these philosophers met and interpreted Kafka ? Our first hypothesis is a biographical one : their reading of Kafka’s books are influenced by the feeling of a proximity between his life and their experiences. Kafka represents a crisis : in his work, the language is not innate anymore, experiencing exile is prevailing, the historical mutations affect the concept of subjectivity. The second hypothesis concerns the philosophy itself : because of these mutations, the traditional metaphysical categories of sense or consiousness are obsolete ideas. The subject is becoming a stranger. Kafka is challenging philosophers to « think out the metamorphosis », the subject’s metamorphosis, the philosophy’s metamorphosis, and finally, the one Kafka invented, which is everpresent in his works, the notion of a « becoming-animal »
Hölzl, Eva. "Le vérisme italien en France et dans les pays germanophones : une étude de réception comparée." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040012.
Full textThe thesis covers the way four Italian writers assigned to the Veristic period (namely Giovanni Verga, Luigi Capuana, Matilde Serao and Antonio Fogazzaro) were approached by the French and German literary systems, in a time period spanning from 1870 till 1914. Through an empirical analysis of a large number of periodicals we pursue the process of diffusion of their texts as well as the accompanying critical discourse. Included there are studies on diffusion of the wellknown theatrical piece Cavalleria Rusticana and the engagement of two mediators, Edouard Rod and Paul Heyse, which provides a deeper understanding of the function of the literary transfer. Further, the empirical part has a particular focus on the engagement of the two periodicals, i. E. Magazin für die Literatur des In- und Auslandes and Bibliothèque Universelle et Revue Suisse, analyzing their specific attitude about the Italian contemporary literature. The last chapter raises questions of taxonomy by evaluating if and how the Italian period name verism was accepted/rejected in the analyzed literary systems. The annex lists the results of the research i. E. Chronological tables of the translations and critical interventions, as well as the complete transcription of the manuscript correspondence between Giovanni Verga and his German speaking correspondents
Hupel, Erwan. "Gwalarn : Histoire d’un mouvement littéraire en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20026.
Full textThis thesis examines the history of the literary movement emerged in Brittany around the revue GWALARN, published from 1925 to 1944. According to the general opinion, the influence of WALARN on the Breton language and Breton literature today is considerable, but very differently appreciated. This thesis emphasizes the collective aspect of the work. It doesn’t deny the overwhelming influence of the editor of the magazine, Roparz Hemon, but intends to propose a detailed structural analysis of the movement as it’s been (and sometimes hasn’t been) in touch with the people of the times. This analysis attempts to describe the origins of the movement, its birth, its assumptions, but also its literary work and its favourite themes, and its sociolinguistic achievements and strategic choices. Therefore, we notice some ideological issues : the gap between localism and universalism, and between tradition and modernism, the different vues about literature, about Breton as a language and about nationalism. . . We’ve tried to study GWALARN not only in the light of the Breton sociolinguistic situation at the time but also in the light of the french one, in a general European movement of nationalist and linguistic demands and in a global geopolitical situation that built the fate of the breton movement from World War I to World War II. Thus, the multiplication of perspectives offers a new look over a key moment in Breton literature and provides contemporary and reflective materials for the history of linguistic minorities in Europe
Watrelot, Martine. "Le rabot et la plume : le compagnonnage littéraire au temps du Romantisme populaire." Lille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL30004.
Full textVincent-Munnia, Nathalie. "Les premiers poèmes en prose : généalogie d'un genre dans la première moitié du dix-neuvième siècle français." Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO20006.
Full textThe expression "prose poem" does not appear in the nineteenth century : throughout the eighteenth century, it is used to distinguish a prose which can pretend to a poetical status, in the same way as verse (that from then on neither systemat ically nor exclusively determines the existence of poetry). But, during the first decades of the nineteenth century, after the more definitive recognition of this prose poetry, the prose can be elaborated more specifically as a poem (in the modern use of the term, and no longer in the classical and analogical sense of "work in poetic style" or "prose epic"). It creates then a new type of poeticity, abandoning the predefined norms and thus benefiting from non predetermined poetic effects which make any systematic and modelising definition of the genre impossible. This kind of original poetic owes its actualization uniquely to the recognition activity of its reader. The prose poem is consequently dependent on its receipt - problematical at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Furthermore, the authors of these first prose poems (ludovic de cailleux, alphonse rabbe, aloysius bertrand, xavier forneret, maurice de guerin and jules lefevre-deumier) not only make this new poetics instrument the object but also the means of a new order poetical quest. The prose poem thus acquires an exploratory and experimental value. Initiator of new types of poeticity, it also elaborates some processes of poetical reflection (by itself and upon itsel), which will determine the subsequent evolutions of poetry. Open and uncertain, the genre therefore also appears as eminently virtual and paradoxical : its generic identity being built upon its capacity to inaugurate new modes of poeticity and genericity, it is doomed to see this generic specificity dissolve at the very moment that it accedes to an entire recognition
Blanchard, Nelly. "Une fiction pour s'inventer : Le Barzaz-Breiz (1839-1845-1867) dans le mouvement romantique." Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES1006.
Full textAlthough often introduced as a commented collection of Breton folk songs, the Barzaz-Breiz (1839-1845-1867) by La Villemarqué is actually a literary text illustrated with songs. La Villemarqué, whose aesthetic values explain both his literary motifs and personal involvement within the text, called to Breton oral litarature and folk culture to put forward a collective identity which sets the Breton people as an organic community naturally harmonious and unscathed. Thus firmly dismissing the middle-class theories of factual history of the time, the Barzaz-Breiz is not the work of an individual "I" who accounts for his community, but rather that of an individual self exols this collective self to illustrate his own Romantic rebellion
Sahin, Can. "L'influence des écrivains français sur les doctrines littéraires des romanciers turcs de la période de la modernisation et les réalisations." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA028.
Full textNovel is a gift to Turkish literature of the period of modernization. Changing social and political events undoubtedly affects on literary form. 19th century in the Ottoman Empire at dizzying speeds where there is a period of development and change. During this period, France is almost like a pop-up window of the Ottoman Empire in Europe. Place a thousand years of classical Turkish literature in the European model is replaced with a new understanding of literature. In this change French literature has been exemplary in litrature. In this study, the period of Reformation French influence in Turkish literature has been examined from a broader perspective. The causes of the French influence in Turkish literature and its reflections have tried to read through the first Turkish novel. For the first time in this process, beginning with the translation of the French novel of French romanticism, French realism and French naturalism led to the Turkish author. This academic endeavour is carried out on the texts of French writer of which direction they affect Turkish writer has been demonstrated in a detailed manner
Madriasse, Sébastien. "La difficulté d'être dans l'oeuvre de Musset." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719715.
Full textRemy-Lacheny, Ingrid. "Etude des « Frères de Saint-Sérapion » d'E.T.A. Hoffmann : discours esthétiques et scientifiques." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030126/document.
Full textUsing the aesthetic theories of the Schlegel brothers, Novalis and Schelling, this thesis examines aesthetic and scientific discourse as it appears in E.T.A. Hoffmann’s The Serapion Brethren and considers to what extent Hoffmann appropriates early Romantic thought or distances himself from it. Faced with the philistinism and maliciousness of others and with his own interior demons, the Serapiontic artist pursues both a social and psychic ideal. Dreamers, madmen, children or those who are under the influence of magnetidm, Hoffmann’s characters are all seeking recognition and an identity. Polymorphous and heterogeneous, centered on artistic interaction and on the work of creation and reception, The Serapion Brethren is a type of ‘total work of art’ before its time in which the sciences and the arts come together
Leroy-Terquem, Mélanie. "La fabrique des "petits romantiques" : études d'une catégorie mineure de l'histoire littéraire." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040270.
Full textThe expression « petits romantiques » refers to a minor and controversial category of literary history. Since its creation at the end of the XIXth century, it gave rise to strong criticism concerning the identity of the authors thus designated and the validity of their gathering. Our study questions such a problematical category by confronting two different perspectives. The first one draws the history of its invention and mutations, from the XIXth century memorialists and bibliophiles to the XXth century historians of literature and surrealist writers. The second one reconsiders the category of « petits romantiques » from a generation angle : the political, economic, social and literary context in which the generation of 1830 appears explains the failure of writers that are doomed to the margins of history
Després, Isabelle. "Théories esthétiques et polémique littéraire dans les revues moscovites de l'époque romantique." Phd thesis, Paris 4, 1994. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01053577.
Full textPatsiou, Vassiliki. "Réalité historique et transcription litteraire : le cas de Constantin Theotokis." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010683.
Full textConstantin Theotokis after writing his early works, abandons the subjectivity of imaginary creation and turns towards the objectivity of historical reality. The production of the text of "the slaves in their chains" constitues the outcome of a persistant work on a project. This project reveals the intention of the writer to expose the bonds of causality, bonds which both determine the sequence of dramatical events and explain the various relationships between the characters. Despite the detailed description of the present of the first decade of the twentieth century, the allusions to historical events go back to earlier times. The evocation of historical events which concern the past more faithfully depicts the actual present and moves the time of the narration six centuries back. Out of the forty-eight characters only thirteen are directly related to the development of the action. These characters which aren't the principal motive forces in the development of the story, embody social types and are bearers of historical information. The life of characters goes beyond the limits of the temporal development of the novel. It is connected with real people and reflects real life situations which both serve as a historical link to the narrative process, although they play no important part in the development of the action
Dufief, Anne-Simone. "Alphonse Daudet romancier." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040323.
Full textThe thesis reconsiders un unsatisfactorily treated aspect of daudet's works : his novels. It aims to determine the relation ship with naturalism, and to understand the reasons why the author has long been considered as a writer for the school, for the youth. A study of the sources of his inspiration leads to analyse the interconnections between short stories and novels. The strong implication of the author in his works justifies a reflection on the ambiguities of the autobiographical vein. There is not only one, but several "midis" of daudet : what is the meaning of such a contrasted representation of proven ce? one chapter attempts to show how daudet creates his characters, how he gives the illusion of life through portrait a nd psychology; it stresses on the very great importance given to private life, which explains that the representation of the family unit is a touch stone in his novels. The sensibility of the novelist is a prism through which reality is distorted. Two tunes are dominant : the burlesque, t ied to parody and the pathos, expressing the pessimism of the writer. The aesthetic of fragmentation characterizes this art which gives priority to the sensation and portrays readily the modern aspects of the world. Daudet's scepticism expresses itself through this "impressionism"
Glencross, James. "Un thème médiéval dans le romantisme français : la "matière de Bretagne" dans la critique littéraire et dans l'érudition de 1800 à 1860." Grenoble 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE39025.
Full textThe thesis aims to examine the views of literary critics and scholars of the first half of the nineteenth century on one of the theree branches of medieval french literature in jehan bodel's classification, the "matter of britain". The study of the contribution of literary criticism to the understanding of medieval and in particular arthurian texts takes as its framework the literary debate on romanticism and its consequences. Against this background it attempts to show how attitudes towards the texts reflect some of the general trends of french romanticism. In relation to works of scholarship of the period the thesis studies to what extent the views of scholars, especially in the areas of the aesthetic value of the texts and the origins of the matter of britain, are also a reflection of concerns which can be called "romantic"
Arnoux-Farnoux, Lucile. "Constantin Théotokis dans le contexte du roman européen (1898-1922)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040237.
Full textPavie, Yann. "Pierre Leroux et la philosophie de l'histoire littéraire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3078.
Full textPierre Leroux used to say: 'Art is life which is speaking to life'. These simple words offer a truly full program. Socialist, philosopher, literary critic and journalist, Pierre Leroux (17971871 developed a theory of vital evolution on all fronts; agriculture, politics, and literature which also obeys the same laws of development, the same doctrine of perfectibility. This thesis aims at explaining how Leroux entered his literary criticism at the core of his philosophy of history, in what he called the philosophy of literary history. This work deals with understanding both the philosophical tradition to which he belongs, comparing with the numerous philosophies of history that have developed in France and in Germany since the eighteenth century. It is about what the ins and outs of this doctrine of perfectibility which has been applied to literature are, as well as its synchrony and diachrony, and about the crucial place literature holds ; and what its impact on the authors at the time was, including George Sand. Pierre Leroux had influenced many of her works from 1837. Thanks to Perrault's, Rousseau's, Germaine de Stael's, and Saint-Simon's legacy, Leroux welcomed in 1830 the romantic call of pain that was heard throughout Europe, and theorized "the symbolic style" while warning them, for instance Victor Hugo and Alphonse de Lamartine, against the drifts that an outdated literature which focused itself on the form could cause. Thus, Pierre Leroux used to preferred to encourage them in order to follow the path of constant improvement, and to make them become the true representatives of their time in a century of pain and desire
Al, Lae Jakeza. "Louis Tiercelin (1846-1915) et le Parnasse breton." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20033.
Full textBains, Christopher. "De l'esthétisme au modernisme : Théophile Gautier, Ezra Pound." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030030.
Full textFrom Aestheticism to Modernism examines the dominant features of Aestheticism and describes their continuation, transformation, and death with regard to the emergence of Anglo-American Modernism. This comparative study focuses on the critical writings and poetry of Théophile Gautier (1811-1872) and Ezra Pound (1885-1972). In spite of bona fide progress in new poetic techniques, the artist reopens many of the same aesthetic questions from the preceding century : the importance of style, poetic voice, technique, and objectivity. If the correspondence between the visual arts and literature remains a fertile terrain of exploration, the arts undergo a crisis of representation, whereby the subject of modernist works is dispersed within form and technique. This study explores the notions of similitude and difference which characterize this period of transition: from art for art's sake to an art of action, from the mot juste to a direct representation of the object, etc. The principal sources used are aesthetic documents from the period as well as the literary works of the two poets
Marcy, Céline. "Les Controverses des sexes masculin et femenin de Gratien du Pont de Drusac : édition et étude critique." Toulouse 2, 2008. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.15122/isbn.978-2-406-05735-2.
Full textThe Controverses des Sexes Masculin et Féminin (Debates on the Male and Female Sex) by Gratien du Pont de Drusac were published in 1534 in Toulouse and ceased to be edited after the 1540's. We have wished to propose in a first volume, a critical edition of the text which is comprised of an established text, transcription, a glossary, and an annotation. A second volume is focused on an analysis of the text. The first part re-situates the work within the context of Toulouse at the time. It strives to restore the good name of an author antagonized by his contemporaries and by the critics, and to deconstruct the idea of a Toulouse-based Querelle des femmes, or “debate over women”. It instead contextualizes the concept of the Controverses within a national movement, and shows the interplay of adaptations and variations to which this work gave rise in order to define it in fine, as a synthesis that appropriates its specific characteristics from a Toulousain context. The second part presents a study of sources. This permits a reappraisal of the invention of the notion of the Controverses, in particular its relation to the universe of the author's epistemological references. It also strives to circumscribe the work within the context of an anti-declamatio which is based on a judicial argumentation. The third part focuses on the study of the poems themselves, whose presence is conceived as an amplification of judicial argumentation within a context of defense and illustration. This amplification operates in the Epideictic mode of the Invective : Drusac's signature strategy, which defines his poetics and whose use results in work concentrated on rhymes and fixed forms