To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Rome Medicine.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rome Medicine'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Rome Medicine.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Jones, Lewis Molly Ayn. "A Dangerous Art: Greek Physicians and Medical Risk in Imperial Rome." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1242865685.
Full text
2
Taylor, Stephanie C. "The bare necessities? : a comparative study of the material evidence for Roman medical practice in urban domestic and army spheres /." St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/400.
Full text
3
Blonski, Michel. "Se nettoyer à Rome (IIème s. av. J.-C. – IIème s. apr. J.-C.) : pratiques et enjeux." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040008.
Full textAbstract:
On étudie ici comment les Romains de la fin de la République et du début de l’Empire envisagent les opérations de nettoyage corporel. En suivant plusieurs questions pratiques (de quoi se nettoie-t-on ? dans quel but ? où le fait-on, avec quels moyens et comment ?) et en se fondant sur des analyses anthropologiques, archéologiques et lexicologiques, on délimite les domaines dans lesquels les Romains rangent les catégories du sale, du soin corporel et de la juste présentation de soi. Le vocabulaire de la saleté, en particulier, permet de circonscrire un ensemble varié de réalités indésirables : il n’y a pas « une » mais « des » saletés – tout est fonction de contextes – et le lexique reflète cette diversité.La justification de la propreté, au contraire, se fonde sur des prescriptions morales remarquables par leur permanence et leur cohérence tout au long de la période. La propreté doit être entendue comme la traduction concrète de la notion plus large de soin ; et réciproquement, la saleté traduit celle de négligence. Par conséquent, être un bon citoyen, et au-delà, un être humain véritable, cela passe par la propreté – avec une insistance telle qu’elle fait de cet état un marqueur de reconnaissance sociale. Plus on est propre et « brillant », plus on se situe en haut des hiérarchies civiques. Ces prescriptions morales aboutissent à l’émergence de cette réalité bien romaine qu’est le balneum : le lieu privilégié de l’entretien de ce modèle civique, au croisement entre univers moraux, cosmétiques et médicaux. Elles sont appuyées par un ensemble de techniques spécifiques accordant une place privilégiée au frottement du corps, à l’aide d’huile ou de détergentsThis thesis investigates how the Romans envision the operations related to body cleansing at the end of the Republic and the beginning of the Empire. Starting from practical questions – What has to be cleaned? For which purpose? Where does this operation take place? How is it completed? – and leveraging on approaches stemmed from anthropology, archeology and lexicology, we delimitate categories that the Romans link to concepts such as dirtiness, body care or appropriate self-presentation. The terminology of dirtiness, in particular, reveals a manifold set of undesired realities, which nonetheless never appears totally consistent; Depending on the context, there is not one, but several types of dirtiness. On the contrary, the justification of cleanliness is based on a whole range of moral prescriptions which are remarkable by their continuity and their consistency throughout the whole period. It appears that the concept of cleanliness should be understood within the frame of the broader notion of self care. Conversely, dirtiness more generally relates to self negligence. Consequently, being a good citizen, or even living as a genuine human being requires to be clean, to a point where cleanliness becomes a social marker: A clean and “shiny” appearance indicates a higher social status. Hence the growing importance of the balneum as a Roman institution – the place where this model is maintained, across civic, medical and cosmetic representations, through the development of techniques primarily based on body rubbing using oil and detergents
4
Tilloi, d'Ambrosi Dimitri. "Cuisine et diététique à Rome ; : IIIe siècle av. J.-C. – IVe siècle ap. J.-C." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3029.
Full textAbstract:
L’historiographie de l’alimentation dans le monde romain a connu ces dernières années un développement considérable. Parmi la multitude de domaines qu’elle recouvre, la médecine représente un vaste champ à explorer tant les interactions avec le monde des cuisiniers sont importantes. La diététique antique s’intéresse de près au choix des aliments, à leur préparation et aux modalités de leur consommation. L’héritage d’Hippocrate dans ce domaine est largement repris par Galien ainsi que par d’autres médecins, encyclopédistes et moralistes d’époque impériale. L’un des enjeux de cette étude est d’abord de définir la meilleure façon de cuisiner et de manger sain pour la médecine, après avoir envisagé les hiérarchies alimentaires de la diététique. L’analyse des critères de choix de la nourriture, des règles pour la cuisiner, du goût qui en résulte doit permettre de mieux comprendre dans quelle mesure la cuisine définie par les médecins correspond à celle appréciée par les gourmets. Le croisement des sources médicales avec les sources littéraires de natures variées (satiriques, romanesques, épistolaires, biographiques) conduira ensuite à évaluer le degré de pénétration des principes de la diététique dans les mentalités et dans les pratiques alimentaires au sein de la société romaine. Les différentes étapes du repas romain peuvent être analysées à la lumière des textes médicaux pour déceler l’influence de l’enseignement des médecins. Au-delà des enjeux diététiques, manger sain relève d’enjeux moraux, culturels et sociaux qu’il convient d’analyser pour déterminer l’articulation entre l’idéal de l’homme romain et le comportement alimentaire. Néanmoins, cuisiner et manger sain dans l’Empire romain n’est pas univoque. Il convient d’envisager également la diversité géographique et sociale par le biais des différentes sources. Les attitudes face aux contraintes du régime peuvent également être contrastées et conduire à la transgression des normes élaborées par la diététiqueThis thesis is about Food and Medicine in Ancient Rome. Food has been a more and more important matter of study for a couple of years. The aristocratic banquet is very often the main point of attention of historians, ancient texts are above all dealing with the upper classes of society. Some aspects like the values of the banquet and sociability, or the composition of the meals, are highlighted. But one domain is very often left aside : the links between food and medicine. Medical treatises are very interesting to study because food is one of the most important aspects of ancient medicine. Dietetics is considered as one of the three main fields of ancient medicine with surgery and pharmacology. Dietetics doesn’t include just food but it is more generally the way of life, and also involves physical exercices for example or sleep. Food, indeed, can be considered as a medicine and a way to protect health and to prevent illness. The most important author on this subject is Galen, a famous doctor from the 2nd century AD, who follows the Hippocratic tradition, but other doctors from the Roman period also have to be considered like Oribasius or Anthimus who lived during the Late Antiquity. Medical theories from Antiquity are well known and studied, so it would be interesting to determine how they can impact food preparation and consumption, but also how ancient recipes could influence medical prescriptions. Medical treatises, texts containing references to food, but also archaeology have to be compared, to see if populations during the Roman Empire respected these prescriptions when they ate. This work will try to show if we can observe an impact on the population’s habits and health, and finally if we can speak of a dietary awareness
5
Slaughter, Megan Michelle. "The Hippocratic Corpus and Soranus of Ephesus: Discovering Men's Minds Through Women's Bodies." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3351.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis addresses what cultural influences and social circumstances shaped the works of the Hippocratic Corpus and Soranus's Gynecology. This thesis will illustrate how these medical texts are representative of how women were viewed by men in Classical Greece and Early Imperial Rome, respectively. It deals additionally with how these gynecological works in turn impacted the way in which society viewed and treated women. In particular, these medical writers' changing views of the act of conception shed light on the differing attitudes of their cultures. Thus far research on these time periods and works has focused too narrowly on one aspect of society to do them justice, nor has there been an effort to separate Soranus's work from the Hippocratic Corpus as representative of a completely different culture and time period. Scholarship has not before discussed the importance of who controls power over conception, men or women, as the key to understanding why women were treated they way they were by men.
Using a feminist approach, this thesis examines the culture, mythology, literature, history, and medicine of these cultures, employing cultural morphology to understand how and why they changed. Greek men feared the women in their lives because they believed that women controlled conception. Roman men did not fear the women in their lives but respected them as mothers, for the important reason that women did not control or contribute to conception. All of the cultural evidence examined inclines one to believe that the way women were treated and viewed by men in the Classical period of Greece and the early Imperial period in Rome, is related directly to who held the power over conception of children, men or women.
6
Ely, Joshua. "Comparison of Focus and Audience Between Seneca’s Natural Questions and Pliny’s Natural History." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2368.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
Around 65 AD, the Ancient Roman philosopher Seneca wrote his only text concerning Natural Phenomenon: Natural Questions. Considered since medieval times as part of a trinity of great thinkers including Plato and Aristotle, Seneca’s work in rhetoric, philosophy, and legal theory still receive praise today. The praise is not replicated for Natural Questions, however. Modern historians who consider the work paint it as uninspiring. Pliny, another Roman author and philosopher, wrote a far more encompassing and detailed work called Natural History, and it is this work that is considered the premier Roman comment on Natural Philosophy. These contemporaneous works become juxtaposed and used to criticize Seneca’s work as inferior. A deeper consideration of the texts --primarily the subject material and use of poetry-- will determine that Seneca and Pliny wrote to different audiences and belong to different genres.
7
Holm, Lovisa. "Focal ischemic reperfusion stroke model in rats and the role of galanin." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Klinisk kemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-68086.
Full textAbstract:
Stroke is the third most common cause for mortality in industrialised countries and amongst the major causes of long- time morbidity. While the mortality due to myocardial infarction has been dramatically reduced during the last 10-15 years, mortality due to stroke remains almost the same, despite the fact that the two share similar basic pathogenic mechanisms including atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes. Treatment modalities of reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke, including the use of tissue plasminogen activator for thrombolysis and endovascular treatments, are eff ective if applied early after onset of the first symptoms. The more frequent use of reperfusion therapy, especially in the most common type of stroke aff ecting the middle cerebral artery (MCA), increase the clinical relevance and demand for experimental models of temporary and focal ischemia of the brain. The primary goal of the present work was to develop a model in rats for studying the mechanisms underlying focal and temporary ischemia in brain regions supplied by the MCA. We have modified the intracranial method of occluding the MCA originally described by Tamura et al. in the early 1980es by introducing a microclip to occlude the artery and induce reperfusion under direct visual control through an operating microscope. The goal was to create a mild ischemia model with low morbidity and mortality, optimizing conditions for the animals postoperatively and allowing longterm (weeks) observation periods of high relevance for human stroke. Morbidity and mortality in experimental stroke models are crucial confounders. Change of anesthesia from intraperitoneally administrated chloral hydrate to isoflurane inhalation anesthesia with endotracheal intubation and controlled ventilation reduced mortality markedly from 25% to ~10%. Improved overall skills in anesthesia and surgical techniques further reduced mortality to <3%. Hypothermia reduces brain lesions caused by ischemia not only when administered before and during the ischemic episode, but also afterwards. Several studies have shown that galanin concentrations are increased in response to various types of lesions to the nervous system, and galanin may be amongst the factors supporting neuronal survival and functions. We therefore investigated whether or not hypothermia-induced alterations in galanin concentrations could constitute a part of the established neuroprotective effect of hypothermia in our rat stroke model. Hypothermia induced an overall increase in the concentrations of immunoreactive galanin (p < 0.001). The elevated galanin levels were predominantly found in the non-ischemic control hemisphere. The galanin concentrations were lower in the ischemic hemisphere in both the normo- and hypothermic animals compared to the corresponding contralateral intact hemisphere (p = 0.049). The hypothermia and not the ischemic/reperfusion lesions explained the major part of the observed changes in galanin concentrations. Hypothermia-induced elevation in galanin concentration is therefore not likely to be amongst the major protective mechanisms of hypothermia. Our results support the notion that hypothermia-induced increase in tissue concentrations of galanin in the brain are the result of changes from optimal homeostatic conditions – the hypothermia-induced stress – rather than the ischemic/reperfusion lesion- induced changes in galanin concentrations. Whether the lesion-induced increase in galanin concentrations is primarily a signal that a lesion has occurred, a consequence of the lesion or a mechanism for facilitating neuronal survival is an open question. We therefore infused three different concentrations of galanin intracerebroventricularly in a direct attempt to investigate whether or not galanin has neuroprotective properties in a rat model of MCA occlusion. Furthermore, we infused the GalR2/3 agonist Gal(2-11) (AR-M1896) shown to subserve neuroprotective functions. The lesion was 98% larger seven days after a 60 min transient MCA occlusion and continuous administration of the GalR2/3 agonist Gal(2-11). No differences were found after seven days in the groups treated with galanin in three different concentrations (0.24, 2.4 and 24 nmol/day; p = 0.939, 0.715 and 0.977, respectively). There was also no difference in the size of the ischemic lesion measured after three days in the galanin-treated group (2.4 nmol/d) compared to artificial cerebrospinal fl uid (p = 0.925). The expression of the galanin, GalR1, GalR2 and GalR3 receptor genes were investigated in the female rat brain seven days after a 60-min unilateral occlusion/reperfusion of the MCA. Galanin gene expression showed a 2.5-fold increase and GalR1 a 1.5-fold increase in the locus coeruleus of the ischemic hemisphere compared to the control side, and the GalR1 mRNA levels decreased by 35% in the cortex of the ischemic hemisphere. Thus, stroke-induced forebrain lesion upregulates synthesis of galanin and GalR1 in the locus coeruleus, a noradrenergic cell group projecting to many forebrain areas, including cortex and the hippocampal formation, supporting the notion that galanin may play a role in the response of the central nervous system to injury and have trophic effects.
8
Hallberg, Charolina, and Marie Rydh. "Barnfetma - sjuksköterskans roll vid behandling/Child obesity - the nurse’s role during treatment." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Teacher Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4601.
Full textAbstract:
Obesity is one of the biggest threats to child- and adolescent health. The amount of obese children is today increasing more in Sweden than in the US. This may in a couple of years have bad consequences for the Swedish children’s quality of life. When a child suffers from obesity it is a big stress on the body and can lead to serious consequences in adulthood. An effective treatment in the early stages is important to prevent further obesity to develop. Purpose: The aim of this study was to bring forward the nurse role during treatment of obese children. Method: A literature study was performed and suitable articles were searched for in different Internet databases of which the result is based on. Result: The result is based on four main categories: inform and educate, recommend and motivate, follow up and co-operation. The result showed that nurses need to develop co-operation with the children’s parents. It is also important that the nurse motivates the children, especially the older ones to change their eating habits and increase their physical activity. Discussion: The nurse’s duty during treatment of child obesity needs to be clarified by for example increased education. The whole family needs to be involved for a succesful change of the child’s eating and physical habits.
9
Vretenbrant, Öberg Karin. "The role of platelet thrombin receptors PAR1 and PAR4 in platelet activation." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Klinisk kemi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-51935.
Full textAbstract:
Platelets play a pivotal role in coagulation and haemostasis. Their most prominent task is to seal damaged blood vessels by the formation of a platelet plug at the damaged area. Once the injury is covered, platelets retract the coagulum to close the wound and allow the blood to flow freely in the vessel. Platelets are strongly activated by the essential enzyme thrombin, formed in the coagulation cascade. Activation of the platelet thrombin receptors PAR1 and PAR4 leads to shape change, secretion of granule content, and aggregation, all of which can be accomplished by each receptor individually. However more and more findings indicate that there are differences between the receptors and that they have different physiological functions. This thesis presents studies performed to elucidate the relative role of PAR1 and PAR4 in platelet activation and coagulation. We have studied the effects on platelet activation and coagulation, and revealed a possible physiological role for PAR4 in the stabilisation of the coagulum. We also investigated the relative role of PAR1 and PAR4 in the cross-talk between thrombin and epinephrine with and without inhibition of COX-1. We demonstrated that PAR4 interacts with adrenergic receptors and causes an aggregation of platelets dependent on released ATP and its receptor P2X1, thereby circumventing the inhibition by aspirin. Not only is this an interesting specific role for PAR4, but it may also be of clinical importance considering that COX-1 inhibition is the most common treatment for patients with cardiovascular disease to prevent thrombosis. We show that the number of PAR1 receptors varied between donors and that this variation was correlated to the response on receptor activation. The number of PAR1 receptors on the platelet surface was decreased after PAR1 stimulation but increased after stimulation of other receptors. In a final attempt to elucidate the nature of PAR1 and PAR4 we used mathematics to evaluate the effect of co-stimulation of the receptors. We found a strong synergistic effect for both platelet activation and aggregation. This indicates that PAR1 and PAR4 interact in a yet unknown way to regulate or amplify the effect of each other rather than merely transmitting the incoming signal the same way.
10
Nylander, Martina. "The role of platelet thrombin receptors PAR1 and PAR4 in health and disease." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Klinisk kemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-71395.
Full textAbstract:
Blood cells are continuously flowing in our systems maintaining haemostasis in the arteries and veins. If a vessel is damaged, the smallest cell fragments in the blood (platelets) are directed to cover the wound and plug the leakage to prevent blood loss. Most of the time platelets stop the blood leak without any difficulties. During other, pathological, circumstances, platelets continue to form a thrombus, preventing the blood flow and may cause myocardial infarction or stroke. Thrombin is the most potent platelet agonist and is a product created in the coagulation cascade. This thesis is focused on the interactions between the two platelet thrombin receptors; protease activated receptors 1 (PAR1) and PAR4 in vitro. We have investigated potential differences between these receptors in several situations associated with cardiovascular disease. First we studied interactions between PAR1 and PAR4 and the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (which secretes enzymes, gingipains, with properties similar to thrombin). Here we showed that P. gingivalis is signaling mainly, but not exclusively, via PAR4. Our second study showed that the cross-talk between the stress hormone epinephrine and thrombin occur exclusively through PAR4 if the key-substance ATP is present and cyclooxygenase-1 inhibited by aspirin. The third study investigated platelet secretion, with focus on the protein plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1), an inhibitor of the fibrinolytic process responsible for dissolving a formed clot. Here we showed that PAI-1 secretion and synthesis was more sensitive to stimulation through PAR1 than PAR4. Finally this thesis describes differences between PAR1 and PAR4 in cell-signaling pathways regulating the stability of a platelet aggregate, where PAR4 seems to be of importance to create stable platelet aggregates and that this stability is dependent on ADP activation via P2Y12 and cell signaling via PI3-kinase. Until now, PAR1 has been considered to be the most important thrombin receptor, due to its high affinity for thrombin. However, there must be a reason why platelets express two different thrombin receptors. This thesis highlights several situations where PAR4 plays a complementary and important role in platelet signaling and haemostasis. In conclusion, this thesis suggests that PAR4 plays a major role in calcium signaling and the induction of sustained aggregation, while PAR1 shows a more prominent role in platelet secretion and synthesis. This thesis also reveals new interactions between platelet thrombin receptors and the ADP-, ATP- and epinephrine receptors. The results described in this thesis contribute to an increased knowledge of the platelet thrombin receptors and their interplay in situations such as infection, stress, fibrinolysis, and platelet aggregation.
11
Abrahamsson, Thomas, Hedvig E. Jakobsson, Anders F. Andersson, Bengt Bjorksten, Lars Engstrand, and Maria Jenmalm. "Reply : Gut microbiota diversity and atopic disease: Does breast-feeding play a role?" Linköpings universitet, Pediatrik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-88363.
Full text
12
Skoglund, Caroline. "Platelets in inflammation : Role of complement protein C1q, C-reactive proteinand toll-like receptors." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Farmakologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-54667.
Full textAbstract:
Platelets are proven essential in haemostasis, however, they are now also increasingly recognized as cells with important immunomodulatory properties, e.g. through interaction with leukocytes and several species of bacteria and by release inflammatory mediators upon activation. Moreover, platelets express receptors involved in immunity and inflammation such as Fcγ‐receptor IIa, complement protein C1q‐receptors (gC1qR, cC1qR, CD93 and α2β1) and toll‐like receptors (TLR‐1, ‐2, ‐4, ‐6 and ‐9). C1q, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and TLRs are all pattern recognition molecules able to recognize non‐self structures and initiate an immune response. Uncontrolled or misdirected activation of platelets and the immune response is involved in the onset and progress of several conditions with an inflammatory component, such as coronary artery disease and autoimmune diseases. Hence, the aims of the present thesis were to investigate the effects and q mechanisms of C1and CRP on platelet activation, and to clarify the intracellular signaling events provoked by TLR‐2 stimulation of platelets. Platelet interaction with immune complexes is poorly understood, however by utilizing well‐characterized model surfaces with adsorbed IgG and microscopy, we show that both C1q and CRP are able to inhibit FcγR‐mediated platelet adhesion and spreading. Using isolated platelets in suspension and flow cytometry, we also found that C1q triggers a rapid, moderate and transient up‐regulation of P‐selectin that is sensitive to blockade of gC1qR and protein kinase C (PKC), but not blockade of α2β1. Additionally, subsequent platelet activation by collagen or collagen‐related peptide (GPVI specific) is inhibited by C1q, suggesting a role for GPVI in C1q‐mediated regulation of collagen‐induced platelet activation. Whole blood studies revealed that C1q inhibits total cell aggregation, formation of platelet‐leukocyte aggregates, and potentiates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), all in a platelet‐dependent manner. Furthermore, using the TLR‐2/1 agonist Pam3CSK4 we found that TLR‐2/1‐activation of platelets is mediated via a P2X1‐dependent increase in intracellular free Ca2+, P2Y1 and P2Y12 –receptor ligation, and activation of cyclooxygenase. We also found that platelets express IRAK‐1, however, without being rapidly phosphorylated upon Pam3CSK4 stimulation and thus probably not involved in the early aggregation/secretion response. Furthermore, TLR‐2/6 stimulation does not lead to platelet activation but instead inhibits TLR‐2/1‐provoked activation. Taken together, these findings further strengthen the role of platelets as key players in inflammatory processes.
13
Portes, Francois-Marie. "Parler de "la Femme" au Moyen-Age. Comparaison épistémologique entre corpus d'auteurs universitaires du XIIIe et XVIème siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL150.
Full textAbstract:
Comment parler de « la femme » ? En effet, ce thème sollicite bon nombre de discours qui n’appartiennent pas au même domaine scientifique et n’ont pas la même méthode. Quelle science doit donc être employée pour déterminer la hiérarchie des discours qui ont la différence sexuelle pour objet ? Quelle est la place de la philosophie dans la constellation des savoirs que le XIIIème siècle a vu se croiser à l’occasion d’un tel « thème » ? Que ce soit dans les discours universitaires d’Albert le Grand, de Thomas d’Aquin, de Bonaventure ou de Gilles de Rome, il appert que l’objet d’étude qu’est la « femme » est épistémologiquement cohésif. Les autorités comme Aristote, Galien, Avicenne et Averroès sont confrontées à Augustin, Pierre Lombard, Paul de Tarse et aux « Saintes Ecritures ». Est-ce donc à la Révélation de donner les principes des discours sur « la femme », ou bien à la médecine de discriminer ou de prouver les thèses morales et politiques concernant la différence sexuelle ? Chaque auteur semble avoir une réponse qui témoigne de son épistémologie sous-jacente et c’est la cohérence scientifique pour parler de la sexuation et, en définitive, de la femme, qui est visée par ces auteurs du Bas Moyen-AgeHow can we speak about « woman »? Indeed, many discourses refer to this subject without belonging to the same scientific field and without sharing the same methodology. Which science should be selected to determine the hierarchy of the discourse about sexual difference? What part did philosophy play in this subject among the manifold fields of knowledge of the 13th century? In the academical corpus of Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas, Bonaventure, Giles of Rome and many others, the study of woman looks epistemologically cohesive. Authoritative voices such as those of Aristotle, Galen, Avicenna and Averroes are confronted with those of Augustine, P. Lombard, Paul, and with the “Holy Scriptures”. Is it hence up to the Book of Revelation to provide the principles underpinning the discourses on “woman”, or up to medical authorities to distinguish between or prove the moral and political theses on sexual difference? Each author’s answer to this question seems to testify to his underlying epistemology and it is the scientific consistency which characterizes the talk about the gender, and ultimately about the woman, which is targeted by these Late Middle Ages authors
14
Gana, Kalliopi. "The role of phytochemicals in preventative medicine." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403279.
Full text
15
Webster, Anthony Lindsay. "The role of hyperbaric oxygen in sports medicine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59697.pdf.
Full text
16
Sousa, Maria Adriana São Marcos. "Ciência e crenças populares nos De Medicina de Celso." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21109.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Estudos ClássicosOs De Medicina libri VIII de Aulus Cornelius Celsus constituem, juntamente com o Corpus Hipocrático e a vasta obra de Galeno, um dos testemunhos mais preciosos para a nossa compreensão da história médica do mundo antigo. A perda substancial da inestimável literatura médica Alexandrina faz de Celso o testemunho cronologicamente mais próximo, ou mesmo único, de um período de intensa produção científica em geral e médica em particular, quer do ponto de vista da elaboração de doutrinas, quer de consciencialização deontológica, quer, ainda, de avanços técnicos, sempre acompanhados de um arreigado olhar crítico sobre tudo o que lhe subjaz, a tudo imprimindo o seu cunho pessoal. Basta-nos que à notória herança hipocrática e Alexandrina, Celso tenha adicionado uma boa dose de originalidade Romana, que não se resume ao óbvio da utilização da língua latina, mas passa também e principalmente, pelas marcas sociológicas e culturais Romanas que o autor harmoniosamente conseguiu imiscuir com a medicina Grega, não se acanhando de referir — apesar do forte espírito científico que se faz sentir desde o primeiro livro — práticas empíricas (mágicas, por vezes), testemunhos de uma medicina popular itálica, a medicina ao cargo do paterfamilias, a medicina povoada de ‘experts’ lado a lado com ‘carniceiros’ que se diziam médicos... Numa época em que o renovado interesse pelas ‘medicinas paralelas’ abonam a favor das terapêuticas antigas, é com curiosidade que embarcamos na análise do que Celso, médico ou enciclopedista que seja, nos pode revelar, no que diz respeito à importância das relações entre médico e paciente, à necessidade de sempre considerar o bem-estar do doente, regimes alimentares, o papel do exercício físico (gestatio), variados medicamentos (de origem vegetal, animal ou mineral, com virtudes reconhecidas experiencial e dedutivamente), assim como sobre técnicas cirúrgicas para a maioria de nós, modernos, tidas como recentes.
Aulus Cornelius Celsus’ De Medicina libri VIII, as well as the Hippocratic Corpus and Galen’s vast work, are undoubtedly one of the most precious legacies to mankind’s knowledge on medical history of the ancient world. The substantial loss of the Alexandrian medical literature made Celsus the most recent, if not only, witness of an intense period of scientific production in general and medical in particular, whether concerning doctrine elaboration, deontological consciousness, or even technical advances, constantly revealing a critical look and stating his own opinion on any topic. Celsus added to this notorious Hippocratic and Alexandrian legacy a considerable amount of Roman originality, which cannot be reduced to the obvious use of the Latin language but, moreover, to the Roman social and cultural patterns, which the author harmoniously tangles into Greek medicine. Inspite of his strong sense of science, from the first book on, Celsus is generous on referring empirical practices, sometimes magical even, proof of a common Italian medical practice, a practice conducted by the paterfamilias, where so called ‘experts’ worked side by side with ‘butchers’, who saw themselves as doctors… In a time where alternative medical practice tends to win over classical therapies, it is with great interest that we endeavour the analysis of what Celsus, whether doctor or encyclopaedist, reveals on the importance of doctor patient relationships, the need for constant concern on the patient’s well-being, nutrition, the role of physical exercise (gestatio), various medicine (vegetal, animal or mineral, of acknowledged experimental or deductive effectiveness) as well as surgical techniques, some of them taken as quite recent by most of us.
17
Hemmings, Diane. "The role of organisational discourse in the geneticisation of medicine:." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490748.
Full textAbstract:
Organizational websites not only provide information but also have the potential to influence societal beliefs and values on contested issues. This study addresses how the rhetoric of two informational websites concerned with genetic testing for breast cancer contributes to the hegemony of geneticisation in medicine. The two sites analysed are CancerBACUP's Genetics from the United Kingdom and Cancer Facts. Genetic Testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2: It's Your Choice, sponsored by the National Cancer Institute in the United States, McGee's (1980) theory of ideographic analysis was chosen as the analytic framework for the study. Ideographs are ordinary language terms that function as the basic structural elements of an ideology. They are crafted in use according the goals and needs of the author and their meanings can be altered in concert with changing conditions within a society. An examination of ideographs offers insight into how organisations use language to encourage public adherence to the values and beliefs that benefit the organisation. Three ideographs commonly used in traditional medical communication, CHOICE, RESPONSIBILITY and PRIVACY, were identified in both websites. The analysis shows that CancerBACUP and the NCI alter the common understandings of these terms to normalize the changes brought about by genetics. CHOICE is reconfigured to limit expectations of genetic testing for breast cancer. The understanding of RESPONSIBILITY in health care is expanded to assume concern for the health of family and future generations and PRIVACY is no longer an individual matter but is seen in terms of the privacy of family. Reconstituting the traditional meanings of these ideographs to accommodate the needs of genetics in medicine allows the organizations to support the current hegemonic paradigm, thus appealing to influential stakeholders, while promoting the geneticisation of medicine in the public sphere
18
Flower, Andrew Mark. "The role of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of endometriosis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515863.
Full text
19
Khalil, Mohamed. "Pharmacoeconomic evaluation in Egypt and its role in the medicine reimbursement." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6385.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Scientiae - MSc (Pharmacy Administration and Policy Regulation)Aim: The purpose of this research was to assess the validity of pharmacoeconomic evaluation in Egypt three years after the guideline was issued and analyse challenges and opportunities for improvement. Objectives: To conduct a literature review of pricing, medicine reimbursement, and pharmacoeconomic evaluation. Examine, in conjunction with relevant stakeholders, the progress of the pharmacoeconomic evaluation. To present examples of pharmacoeconomic evaluation deployment. To propose recommendations on how to optimize the pharmacoeconomic implementation. Methods: A literature review and a qualitative research method that was conducted using a semi-structured interview with stakeholders of the reimbursement process in Egypt. In addition, examples were analysed to determine the impact of pharmacoeconomic methods on medicine reimbursement in Egypt. Results: The Egyptian Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation Unit was established in 2013, it supports various reimbursement decisions, especially for new technologies. The unit evaluations depended mainly on the available international data. However, fragmentation of the health care system in Egypt is a major obstacle to progress. The guidelines are still non-compulsory for implementation, and accordingly some reimbursement committees do not consider its evaluation in its decision making. Conclusion and Recommendations: The pharmacoeconomic evaluation has demonstrated a good start in Egypt. To gain the full benefit of pharmacoeconomic evaluation, authorities need to consider reducing the complexity of health care system, setting clear strategies, building capabilities to improve pharmacoeconomic awareness; endorsing risk sharing strategy and building a proper health related information system along with creation of full Health Technology Assessment program. The above-mentioned recommendations could be associated together under the Universal Health Coverage road map that Egypt committed to achieve by 2030.
20
Maher, John Christopher. "The role of English in medicine and medical education in Japan." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19975.
Full text
21
Huang, Kai. "Oral Medicine: A Role for Spoken Word Poetry in Medical Education." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17295869.
Full textAbstract:
During my time at Harvard Medical School (HMS), I have been fortunate enough to be able to continue pursuing a unique passion of mine. Spoken word poetry is a passion that falls far from the traditional medical school curriculum. In this paper, however, I will argue that this need not be the case. I will argue that spoken word poetry has an important role to play in the education and professional development of physicians and other health care providers.
First, I will present a brief history of spoken word poetry. My intent here is to orient my audience, composed mostly of academic physicians, to this rich and fascinating genre of performance art. Next, I will provide an overview of how poetry and other forms of creative writing are already being used to help train more well-rounded, humanistic physicians. I will describe how the inclusion of spoken word poetry in particular has the potential to enhance these initiatives in unique and powerful ways. Finally, I will present an original curriculum made up of four contiguous spoken word poetry workshops specifically geared towards medical students and physicians. This course will be designed in the spirit of month-long electives at my home institution and at many other medical schools.
It is my hope that through this project, I might help academic physicians gain a greater appreciation for the unconventional art form that is spoken word poetry and for the role it might play in advancing our profession, our relationships to patients, and ultimately our patients’ outcomes.
22
Stanley-Baker, M. "Daoists and doctors : the role of medicine in six dynasties Shangqing Daoism." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1396009/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines the salvific and therapeutic practices of medieval Chinese Daoist organisations. Drawing on the most detailed ethnographic record of medical treatment in early medieval China, the Zhen’gao 真誥 [Declarations of the Perfected], this study examines the work of Yang Xi and the Xus of Jiankang, early members of the Shangqing (Highest Clarity) School. It argues that many of the family’s activities were ultimately concerned with promoting health and curing disease: from tomb-quelling, to divination, to reports on the affairs of deceased relatives. Three main practices form the foci of the analysis: an account of how acupuncture, massage and drugs were entangled with notions of salvation, and how related therapeutic concepts shaped some of the ultimate goals of Shangqing practice. The two research questions addressed are a) how did Shangqing practices function to both cure disease and to grant salvation, and what implications does this question have for modern histories that address religion and medicine as discrete enterprises? By situating the formation of the Shangqing repertoire within the broader context of the religio-medical market, this study maintains that therapeutic competition had formative effects on Chinese religions generally. The artificial and modern division of Medicine and Religion emerge as modern categories with limited value for texturing a history of the healing arts of medieval China. In place of this epistemological cast, this study suggests attention to practice repertoires and the formation of thought-styles as a methodology. Comparing ‘religious’ and ‘medical’ actors in this way allows the uneven contours of local social, geographic and epidemiological conditions to more readily be taken into account in the formation of sectarian identities.
23
Rennick, Agnes. "Church and medicine : the role of medical missionaries in Malawi 1875-1914." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3188.
Full textAbstract:
This is the first systematic account of early mission medical activities in the Malawi Region (comprising present day Malawi, north eastern Zambia and the eastern shore of Lake Malawi). It compares the policies and practices of three missions - Livingstonia, Blantyre and the UMCA - between 1875 and 1914, from pioneering medical provision through to the establishment of hospitals and participation in largescale public health campaigns. The study acknowledges Megan Vaughan's important analysis of the discourse of missionary medicine, but suggests the need to reflect the different religious and professional influences informing the practice of individual mission doctors. The study further suggests that the organisation and professionalising of medicine within the three missions, from 1900, was dependent upon the activities of those doctors who prioritised their professional rather than their evangelising roles. The study also considers the important contribution of missionary nursing personnel and African medical assistants in delivering both hospital and out-patient services, and identifies the professional, gender and racial factors which influenced their status and roles. The study also considers, as far as sources allow, the African patient's experience of missionary medical services. In particular, it identifies the key role of referring agents, such as African medical assistants and European employers, in directing African patients to mission medical services. It suggests that, in contrast to the conflict in belief systems presented by the mission medical discourse, Western medicine was incorporated alongside indigenous treatments within a plurality of healing systems. Finally, the study assesses the impact of missionary medical provision within the Malawi region up to 1914. It demonstrates that, during the period of this study, the Blantyre, UMCA and Livingstonia missions remained the principal sources of both curative and palliative Western medicine for the African sick, contributing towards the wider development of the missions and the European settler economy.
24
Almutairi, Mohammed Mashari. "Role of Bumetanide on Insulin Secretion." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1408377608.
Full text
25
Englund, Ulrika. "The role of ion channels and intracellular metal ions in apoptosis of Xenopus oocytes." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för cellbiologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111045.
Full textAbstract:
Apoptosis is one type of programmed cell death, important during tissue development and to maintain the tissue homeostasis. Apoptosis comprises a complex network of internal signaling pathways, and an important part of this signaling network is the action of voltage‐gated ion channels. The aim of this thesis was to explore the role of ion channels and the role of intracellular metal ions during apoptosis in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The reasons for using these oocytes are that they are large, robust, easy to handle, and easy to study electrophysiologically. Apoptosis was induced either chemically by incubation of the oocytes in staurosporine (STS) or mechanically by centrifugation of the oocytes. Ion currents were measured by a two‐electrode voltage clamp technique, intracellular ion concentrations were measured either directly by in‐house developed K+‐selective microelectrodes or indirectly by the electrophysiological technique, and apoptosis was measured by caspase‐3 activation. Paper I describes that the intracellular K+ concentration was reduced by about 30 % during STS‐induced apoptosis. However, this reduction was prevented by excessive expression of exogenous ion channels. Despite the magnitude of the intracellular K+ concentration, either normal or reduced level, the oocytes displayed normal signs of apoptosis, suggesting that the intracellular K+ reduction was not required for the apoptotic process. Because the intracellular K+ concentration was not critical for apoptosis we searched for other ion fluxes by exploring the electrophysiological properties of X. laevis oocytes. Paper II, describes a non‐inactivating Na+ current activated at positive membrane voltages that was upregulated by a factor of five during STS‐induced apoptosis. By preventing influx of Na+, the apoptotic signaling network involving capsase‐3 was prevented. To molecularly identify this voltage‐gated Na channel, the X. tropicalis genome and conserved regions of the human SCNA genes were used as a map. Paper III, shows that the voltage‐gated Na channel corresponds to the SCN2A gene ortholog and that supression of this SCN2A ortholog using miRNA prevented cell death. In conclusion, this thesis work demonstrated that a voltage‐gated Na channel is critical for the apoptotic process in X. laevis oocytes by increasing the intracellular Na+ concentration.
26
Gautherie, Aurélien. "Rhétorique et thérapeutique dans le "De Medicina" de Celse." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC031.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail de recherche a pour but d'analyser les relations entre le domaine de la rhétorique et les divers aspects de la thérapeutique exposée par Celse, encyclopédiste romain du 1er siècle ap. J. C., dans son livre intitulé De Medicina, ou Sur la Médecine. Il s'agit principalement de tenter d'offrir une approche globale de l'ouvrage celsien, qui prenne en compte tous ses aspects, depuis sa réalisation par l'auteur jusqu'à sa possible mise en pratique par un soignant, professionnel ou amateurThis PhD thesis aims at analyzing the relationship between rhetoric and therapeutiques exposed by Celsus, a Roman encyclopaedist from the 1st century AD, in his De Medieina, or On Medicina. Our main concem is to try and provide with a global approach of Celsus' worlc, taking into account every single aspect of it, from its writing to its putting into practice by a professional or amateur healer
27
Wickkiser, Bronwen Lara 1969. "The appeal of Asklepios and the politics of healing in the Greco-Roman world." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/12602.
Full text
28
Mendonça, Carlos Daniel Teixeira. "Endophthalmitis: what role does vitrectomy play?" Dissertação, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/104148.
Full text
29
Mendonça, Carlos Daniel Teixeira. "Endophthalmitis: what role does vitrectomy play?" Master's thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/104148.
Full text
30
Castanheira, Marta Fagulha. "Pathogenesis of Keratoconus: the role of inflammation." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/128899.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: O queratocone é uma doença ectática caracterizada por uma diminuição da espessura e protusão da córnea resultando numa diminuição da acuidade visual. Contrariamente ao que anteriormente se defendia, têm-se demonstrado que existe um componente inflamatório subjacente à sua patogénese. Uma vez que este mecanismo não é inteiramente conhecido, têm surgido vários estudos focados nesta temática. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma revisão sistemática dos artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos que se focaram na compreensão do papel deste componente na patogénese do queratocone, bem como discutir os seus resultados e contribuição para o aprofundamento do conhecimento do mecanismo desta doença.
Materiais e métodos: Foi feita uma pesquisa na base de dados Pubmed de artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos relacionados com o papel da inflamação na patogénese do queratocone.
Resultados: Foram encontrados 112 artigos e excluíram-se artigos repetidos, de revisão e artigos que não mencionavam aspetos relacionado com a inflamação no queratocone, sendo selecionados, no total, 26 estudos.
Conclusão: Vários estudos evidenciaram o papel da inflamação e o aumento do stress oxidativo no queratocone. Estes estudos contribuíram para o avanço do conhecimento da sua patogénese, sendo essenciais para a elaboração de novos estudos cujo objetivo poderá culminar na formulação de novos biomarcadores para um diagnóstico precoce e desenvolvimento de terapêuticas dirigidas mais eficazes e seguras.
Também, é essencial o desenvolvimento de estudos prospetivos randomizados com amostras maiores para obter evidencia adicional da relação entre as moléculas mencionadas nos vários estudos selecionados e o desenvolvimento e severidade do queratocone.Purpose: Keratoconus is an ectatic disease characterized by corneal stroma thinning and protrusion, which results in visual impairment. Originally it was believed that keratoconus did not have an inflammatory component given the absence of inflammatory clinical signs. However, it has been shown that there is an underlying inflammatory mechanism in keratoconus pathogenesis. Since these mechanisms are not entirely understood, there is an increasingly amount of studies that focus on comprehending this subject. The aim of this article is to systematically review articles published in the last 5 years about the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of keratoconus, discuss its results and contribution to profound the knowledge of the disease's mechanism. Materials and Methods: We searched in Pubmed database, for articles published in the last 5 years related to the role of inflammation in keratoconus pathogenesis. Results: We found 112 articles but repeated articles, review papers or articles that did not mention aspects related to inflammation in keratoconus were excluded, resulting in a total of 26 papers. Conclusion: Additional evidence of increased oxidative status and the role of inflammation have been shown by various studies. These studies contributed to the advance knowledge of keratoconus pathogenesis and may be essential for designing new studies that may culminate on the formulation of new biomarkers to an earlier diagnosis and development of more effective and safe therapeutics. Further randomized prospective studies with larger samples are essential to obtain stronger evidence and evaluate the relationship between these investigated molecules and keratoconus development and severity.
31
Paulo, Núria Alexandra Lopes Figueiredo de Carvalho. "The role of Klotho in CKD progression." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/112198.
Full text
32
Paulo, Núria Alexandra Lopes Figueiredo de Carvalho. "The role of Klotho in CKD progression." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/112198.
Full text
33
Castanheira, Marta Fagulha. "Pathogenesis of Keratoconus: the role of inflammation." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/128899.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: O queratocone é uma doença ectática caracterizada por uma diminuição da espessura e protusão da córnea resultando numa diminuição da acuidade visual. Contrariamente ao que anteriormente se defendia, têm-se demonstrado que existe um componente inflamatório subjacente à sua patogénese. Uma vez que este mecanismo não é inteiramente conhecido, têm surgido vários estudos focados nesta temática. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma revisão sistemática dos artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos que se focaram na compreensão do papel deste componente na patogénese do queratocone, bem como discutir os seus resultados e contribuição para o aprofundamento do conhecimento do mecanismo desta doença.
Materiais e métodos: Foi feita uma pesquisa na base de dados Pubmed de artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos relacionados com o papel da inflamação na patogénese do queratocone.
Resultados: Foram encontrados 112 artigos e excluíram-se artigos repetidos, de revisão e artigos que não mencionavam aspetos relacionado com a inflamação no queratocone, sendo selecionados, no total, 26 estudos.
Conclusão: Vários estudos evidenciaram o papel da inflamação e o aumento do stress oxidativo no queratocone. Estes estudos contribuíram para o avanço do conhecimento da sua patogénese, sendo essenciais para a elaboração de novos estudos cujo objetivo poderá culminar na formulação de novos biomarcadores para um diagnóstico precoce e desenvolvimento de terapêuticas dirigidas mais eficazes e seguras.
Também, é essencial o desenvolvimento de estudos prospetivos randomizados com amostras maiores para obter evidencia adicional da relação entre as moléculas mencionadas nos vários estudos selecionados e o desenvolvimento e severidade do queratocone.Purpose: Keratoconus is an ectatic disease characterized by corneal stroma thinning and protrusion, which results in visual impairment. Originally it was believed that keratoconus did not have an inflammatory component given the absence of inflammatory clinical signs. However, it has been shown that there is an underlying inflammatory mechanism in keratoconus pathogenesis. Since these mechanisms are not entirely understood, there is an increasingly amount of studies that focus on comprehending this subject. The aim of this article is to systematically review articles published in the last 5 years about the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of keratoconus, discuss its results and contribution to profound the knowledge of the disease's mechanism. Materials and Methods: We searched in Pubmed database, for articles published in the last 5 years related to the role of inflammation in keratoconus pathogenesis. Results: We found 112 articles but repeated articles, review papers or articles that did not mention aspects related to inflammation in keratoconus were excluded, resulting in a total of 26 papers. Conclusion: Additional evidence of increased oxidative status and the role of inflammation have been shown by various studies. These studies contributed to the advance knowledge of keratoconus pathogenesis and may be essential for designing new studies that may culminate on the formulation of new biomarkers to an earlier diagnosis and development of more effective and safe therapeutics. Further randomized prospective studies with larger samples are essential to obtain stronger evidence and evaluate the relationship between these investigated molecules and keratoconus development and severity.
34
Gonçalves, Patrícia Maria Ribeiro. "Orbital Pulleys: a pivot role to understand strabismus." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134427.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivos: Revisão da literatura publicada sobre a influência das polias orbitais na oculomotricidade e como tal, na etiopatogenia dos diferentes tipos de estrabismo, bem como esclarecer as implicações para o diagnóstico e tratamento desses pacientes.
Métodos: Uma pesquisa abrangente, baseada na internet, foi realizada usando as bases de dados MEDLINE (PubMed) e Web of Science selecionando artigos desde 2000 até dezembro de 2020 usando a seguinte Query: (active pulley* OR orbital pulley*) AND (Strabismus* OR Eye movement* OR extraocular muscle*).
Resultados: Algumas formas de estrabismo inconcomitante ciclovertical, sendo os mais comuns os padrões A e V, estão associadas a heterotopia de uma ou mais polias dos músculos retos, o que é observado em crianças com estrabismo no contexto de craniossinostose sindrómica bem como em doentes diagnosticados com paralisias do obliquo superior. Surgem ainda evidências que sugerem que o estrabismo inconcomitante observado na alta miopia axial e em idosos é devido ao deslocamento inferior das polias horizontais e degeneração da banda intermuscular entre os músculos reto lateral-superior.
Conclusões: Havendo a evidência de que as polias são a origem mecânica dos músculos extraoculares, distúrbios na sua localização têm impacto na oculomotricidade. A observação clínica por si só pode não ser suficiente na diferenciação desta etiologia de outras, sendo assim cada vez mais importante a realização de exames de imagem, como por exemplo a ressonância magnética da órbita.Purpose: To review the published literature on the influence of orbital pulleys on oculomotricity and, as such on the etiopathogenesis of different types of strabismus, as well as to clarify the implications for the diagnostic and treatment of these patients. Methods: A comprehensive, internet based, search was performed using the MEDLINE(PubMed) and Web of Science databases selecting articles from 2000 up until December of 2020 using the following Query: (active pulley* OR orbital pulley*) AND (Strabismus* OR Eye movement* OR extraocular muscle*). Results: Some forms of incomitant cyclovertical strabismus, the most common being A and V-patterns strabismus, are associated with one or more heterotopic rectus muscles pulleys, which is observed in children with strabismus in the context of syndromic craniosynostosis and patients diagnosed with superior oblique muscle palsy. Moreover, evidence have been made to suggest that the incomitant strabismus observed in axial high myopia and in the elderly is due to the inferior displacement of horizontal pulleys and degeneration of the lateral rectus-superior rectus muscle band. Conclusions: As pulleys proved to be the mechanical origin of the extraocular muscles, disorders in their location will have an impact on oculomotricity. Clinical observation alone cannot differentiate this aetiology from others so, it is becoming fundamental to perform image exams, for instance orbital magnetic resonance imaging.
35
Gonçalves, Patrícia Maria Ribeiro. "Orbital Pulleys: a pivot role to understand strabismus." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134427.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivos: Revisão da literatura publicada sobre a influência das polias orbitais na oculomotricidade e como tal, na etiopatogenia dos diferentes tipos de estrabismo, bem como esclarecer as implicações para o diagnóstico e tratamento desses pacientes.
Métodos: Uma pesquisa abrangente, baseada na internet, foi realizada usando as bases de dados MEDLINE (PubMed) e Web of Science selecionando artigos desde 2000 até dezembro de 2020 usando a seguinte Query: (active pulley* OR orbital pulley*) AND (Strabismus* OR Eye movement* OR extraocular muscle*).
Resultados: Algumas formas de estrabismo inconcomitante ciclovertical, sendo os mais comuns os padrões A e V, estão associadas a heterotopia de uma ou mais polias dos músculos retos, o que é observado em crianças com estrabismo no contexto de craniossinostose sindrómica bem como em doentes diagnosticados com paralisias do obliquo superior. Surgem ainda evidências que sugerem que o estrabismo inconcomitante observado na alta miopia axial e em idosos é devido ao deslocamento inferior das polias horizontais e degeneração da banda intermuscular entre os músculos reto lateral-superior.
Conclusões: Havendo a evidência de que as polias são a origem mecânica dos músculos extraoculares, distúrbios na sua localização têm impacto na oculomotricidade. A observação clínica por si só pode não ser suficiente na diferenciação desta etiologia de outras, sendo assim cada vez mais importante a realização de exames de imagem, como por exemplo a ressonância magnética da órbita.Purpose: To review the published literature on the influence of orbital pulleys on oculomotricity and, as such on the etiopathogenesis of different types of strabismus, as well as to clarify the implications for the diagnostic and treatment of these patients. Methods: A comprehensive, internet based, search was performed using the MEDLINE(PubMed) and Web of Science databases selecting articles from 2000 up until December of 2020 using the following Query: (active pulley* OR orbital pulley*) AND (Strabismus* OR Eye movement* OR extraocular muscle*). Results: Some forms of incomitant cyclovertical strabismus, the most common being A and V-patterns strabismus, are associated with one or more heterotopic rectus muscles pulleys, which is observed in children with strabismus in the context of syndromic craniosynostosis and patients diagnosed with superior oblique muscle palsy. Moreover, evidence have been made to suggest that the incomitant strabismus observed in axial high myopia and in the elderly is due to the inferior displacement of horizontal pulleys and degeneration of the lateral rectus-superior rectus muscle band. Conclusions: As pulleys proved to be the mechanical origin of the extraocular muscles, disorders in their location will have an impact on oculomotricity. Clinical observation alone cannot differentiate this aetiology from others so, it is becoming fundamental to perform image exams, for instance orbital magnetic resonance imaging.
36
Magalhães, Diogo António Moutinho. "Role of epithelial ion transports in inflammatory bowel disease." Dissertação, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/105093.
Full text
37
Lin, Junjie. "Role of Osteopontin in Spinal Pathologies - a systematic review." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134438.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Worldwide, spinal diseases are an increasingly prevalent health problem. Deeper knowledge about the pathophysiology of this complex group of diseases could improve current prevention strategies and treatment options. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein with great interest among the scientific community. The aim of this revision is to appraise the role of osteopontin and its expression in different spinal pathologies.
Methods: A systematic literature review search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases for published studies until 6th October 2020, concerning the role of osteopontin in spinal pathologies.
Results: Among the 674 studies retrieved, 79 were selected for further analysis. A correlation between the expression of OPN and the presence or clinical severity of 8 different spinal pathologies of diverse etiologies was found and analized in this review.
Conclusion: OPN appears to have a broad spectrum of functions in spinal pathologies, mainly as an inflammatory cytokine or as a bone metabolism regulator. In the future, OPN might be a potential target for development of novel therapies or work as a prognostic tool in the onset and progression of spinal diseases.Worldwide, spinal diseases are an increasingly prevalent health problem. Deeper knowledge about the pathophysiology of this complex group of diseases could improve current prevention strategies and treatment options. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein with great interest among the scientific community as it possesses diversified functions which can be therapeutically targeted. In this research we appraised the role of osteopontin and its expression in different spinal pathologies. Thus, a systematic literature review search for published studies concerning the role of osteopontin in spinal pathologies was conducted. An interesting correlation between the expression of OPN and the presence or clinical severity of 8 different spinal pathologies of diverse etiologies was found and analyzed in this review, demonstrating the involvement of this molecule in these diseases. Its levels correlated with the course and outcome in theses diseases. OPN appears to have a broad spectrum of functions in spinal pathologies, including inflammatory and immune response, neural response to injury, abnormal tissue mineralization, osteogenic differentiation, bone metabolism, organ fibrosis and wound healing. Therefore, in the future, OPN might be a potential target for development of novel therapies or work as a prognostic tool in the onset and progression of spinal diseases.
38
Ferreira, José Bernardo Ribeiro. "Role of radiotherapy in the post radical prostatectomy setting." Dissertação, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/104333.
Full text
39
Magalhães, Diogo António Moutinho. "Role of epithelial ion transports in inflammatory bowel disease." Master's thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/105093.
Full text
40
Ferreira, José Bernardo Ribeiro. "Role of radiotherapy in the post radical prostatectomy setting." Master's thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/104333.
Full text
41
Lin, Junjie. "Role of Osteopontin in Spinal Pathologies - a systematic review." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134438.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Worldwide, spinal diseases are an increasingly prevalent health problem. Deeper knowledge about the pathophysiology of this complex group of diseases could improve current prevention strategies and treatment options. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein with great interest among the scientific community. The aim of this revision is to appraise the role of osteopontin and its expression in different spinal pathologies.
Methods: A systematic literature review search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases for published studies until 6th October 2020, concerning the role of osteopontin in spinal pathologies.
Results: Among the 674 studies retrieved, 79 were selected for further analysis. A correlation between the expression of OPN and the presence or clinical severity of 8 different spinal pathologies of diverse etiologies was found and analized in this review.
Conclusion: OPN appears to have a broad spectrum of functions in spinal pathologies, mainly as an inflammatory cytokine or as a bone metabolism regulator. In the future, OPN might be a potential target for development of novel therapies or work as a prognostic tool in the onset and progression of spinal diseases.Worldwide, spinal diseases are an increasingly prevalent health problem. Deeper knowledge about the pathophysiology of this complex group of diseases could improve current prevention strategies and treatment options. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein with great interest among the scientific community as it possesses diversified functions which can be therapeutically targeted. In this research we appraised the role of osteopontin and its expression in different spinal pathologies. Thus, a systematic literature review search for published studies concerning the role of osteopontin in spinal pathologies was conducted. An interesting correlation between the expression of OPN and the presence or clinical severity of 8 different spinal pathologies of diverse etiologies was found and analyzed in this review, demonstrating the involvement of this molecule in these diseases. Its levels correlated with the course and outcome in theses diseases. OPN appears to have a broad spectrum of functions in spinal pathologies, including inflammatory and immune response, neural response to injury, abnormal tissue mineralization, osteogenic differentiation, bone metabolism, organ fibrosis and wound healing. Therefore, in the future, OPN might be a potential target for development of novel therapies or work as a prognostic tool in the onset and progression of spinal diseases.
42
Vieira, Maycoll Ferreira. "The Role of Coffee in Cancer Prevention: A Systematic Review." Dissertação, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/89646.
Full text
43
Coelho, Ana Margarida Nunes Alves. "The Role of Urinary Microbiota in Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction." Dissertação, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/105118.
Full text
44
Lemos, Ana Carolina Basílio Vieira. "The role of infrared thermography in predicting diabetic foot outcomes." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134510.
Full textAbstract:
RESUMO
Introdução: De acordo com a Organização Mundial de saúde (OMS), a diabetes mellitus (DM) tem sido há muito considerada como uma doença multissistémica que pode resultar em complicações muito severas, nomeadamente no pé, incluindo neuropatia e doença arterial periférica. A úlcera do pé diabético representa então um dos mais sérios problemas destes doentes, causando um fardo económico para com a sociedade, bem como a perda de qualidade de vida. Assim sendo, a termografia infra-vermelha consegue obter a imagem da distribuição de temperatura de toda superfície plantar do pé. Além de ser de uso simples, tem um enorme potencial para melhorar a gestão da úlcera do pé diabético. Desta forma, o objetivo deste projeto abrange a revisão da evidência disponível acerca do uso da termografia para a prevenção e gestão do pé diabético.
Métodos: Uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi efetuada em outubro de 2020 nas plataformas MEDLINE para encontrar estudos que sobre a aplicação da termografia infra-vermelha no contexto de pé diabético. Após os títulos relevantes serem identificados, todos os resumos iniciais foram lidos e dos elegíveis como mais pertinentes foram consequentemente recuperados e relidos. Uma segunda pesquisa foi posteriormente realizada, para identificar possíveis estudos que não tivessem sido integrados numa primeira fase.
Resultados: Estudos têm demostrado que o valor de corte da temperatura para deteção de complicações nos pés diabéticos representa-se por uma diferença de 2,2ºC entre os pontos contralaterais (sensibilidade, 76%; especificidade, 40%). Essa diferença pode ser de apenas 2ºC num paciente neuropático. A maioria da evidência disponível está relacionada com o pé neuropático, associando-se a um aumento significativo da temperatura do pé, quando comparado com o membro não afetado. A evidência também mostra que a probabilidade de complicações parece aumentar em 24,7% para cada aumento de 1 ° C na temperatura do pé, sendo que um aumento de temperatura pode ser detetado antes mesmo da recorrência visível de uma úlcera neuropática.
Conclusão: A evidência disponível sugere que a vigilância das regiões contralaterais correspondentes do pé pode ser capaz de alterações antes que outros sinais clínicos de lesão sejam evidentes. A imagem térmica infravermelha tem o potencial de ser usada como uma ferramenta adicional para detetar e prevenir outras complicações de diabetes nos pés. No entanto, há a necessidade de estudos maiores e prospetivos para compreender plenamente o seu papel na gestão do pé diabético.ABSTRACT Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Diabetes mellitus (DM) has long been established as a disease that can lead to numerous severe complications in the foot, including neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) constitute one of the most serious issues of DM, inflicting a major economic burden to society and loss of health-related quality of life for the patients. In this setting, infrared thermographic technology can obtain imaging of temperature distribution of the whole plantar skin. Furthermore, it is a simple tool that has the potential to help improve DFUs management. The objective of this work is to review the available evidence on the use of infra-red thermography for prevention and management of diabetic foot disease. Methods: A literature search was performed on October 2020 in the MEDLINE databases to select studies investigating the use of infra-red thermography in the diabetic foot setting. After relevant titles were identified, all the abstracts were read, and eligible studies were retrieved. A cross-reference search was then performed to identify other studies not found in the primary query. Results: Studies have showed that the cut off skin temperature value for detection of diabetes-related foot complications may be a 2.2ºC difference between contralateral spots (sensitivity, 76%; specificity, 40%). This difference may be only 2ºC when predicting a neuropathic patient. Most of the available evidence is related to the neuropathic foot and it is associated with a significant increase in foot temperature when compared to the non-affected limb. The evidence also shows that the probability of complications seems to increase by 24.7% for every rise of 1°C in temperature. Studies also suggest that a temperature rise may be detectable even before the visible recurrence of a neuropathic ulcer. Conclusions: The available evidence suggest that monitoring of the corresponding contralateral foot regions may be able to provide clinical data prior to other clinical signs of injury can be recognized. Infrared thermal imaging has the potential to be used as an additional tool for detecting and preventing further complications of diabetes on the feet. There is, however, a need for larger and prospective studies to fully comprehend its role on the diabetic foot management.
45
Antão, Maria Leal. "The Role of Atopic Disease in the Progression of Keratoconus." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/128726.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivo: Estudar a influencia da patologia atópica na evolução da ectasia corneana em doentes com queratocone.
Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo com 56 olhos de 56 doentes diagnosticados com queratocone, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 30 anos. A progressão da ectasia corneana foi avaliada entre duas medições com 12±3 meses de intervalo, usando as variáveis tomográficas Kmax, Km, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR e Astigmatismo corneano. Dados relativos a atopia e hábito de coçar os olhos foram retirados dos registos clínicos dos doentes, através do sistema informático SClínico.
Resultados: A prevalência de atopia na coorte foi de 60.7% e a prevalência de eye rubbing foi de 76.8%. Quanto à prevalência de rinite, asma e dermatite atópica, foram de 53.6%, 12.5% e 16.1%, respetivamente. Foi encontrada uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre atopia e eye rubbing (p=0.007), indicando que doentes com atopia têm maior tendência para coçar os olhos. Não foi encontrada uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na variação dos parâmetros Kmax, Km, K1, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR and Astigmatismo entre as duas medições, quando comparados os grupos de doentes atópicos e doentes não atópicos (p=0.821, p=0.759, p=0.794, p=0.883, p=0.969, p=0.747, p=0.442 e p=0.720, respetivamente). Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre progressão de ectasia e atopia, eye rubbing, rinite, asma e dermatite atópica (p=0.300, p=0.573, p=0.765, p=0.071 e p=1.000, respetivamente).
Conclusão: Apesar da ausência de diferença em termos de progressão de ectasia entre pacientes com Queratocone com atopia e sem atopia, um controlo eficaz das doenças atópicas deve ser levado a cabo, de forma a minimizar o eye rubbing, um reconhecido factor de risco para Queratocone.Purpose: To study the influence of atopic conditions in the progression of corneal ectasia in keratoconus patients. Methods: Retrospective study of 56 eyes of 56 patients with Keratoconus, aged from 14 to 30 years old. Ectasia progression was evaluated between two scans separated by 12±3 months, using the tomographic variables Kmax, Km, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR and Corneal Astigmatism. Data regarding atopy and eye rubbing habits were collected from patients' clinical records, accessed through the SClinico System. Results: The prevalence of atopy in this sample was 60.7% and the prevalence of eye rubbing habits was 76.8.6%. As for the prevalence of rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis, it is 53.6%, 12.5% and 16.1%, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between atopy and eye rubbing (p=0.007), indicating that atopic patients have more tendency to rub their eyes. No significant difference was found in the variation of the tomographic indices Kmax, Km, K1, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR and Astig between the two scans, when comparing the atopic and non-atopic groups of patients (p=0.821, p=0.759, p=0.794, p=0.883, p=0.969, p=0.747, p=0.442 and p=0.720, respectively). There were no significant associations between ectasia progression and atopy, eye rubbing, rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis (p=0.300, p=0.573, p=0.765, p=0.071 and p=1.000, respectively). Conclusion: Despite the lack of difference in ectasia progression found between KC patients with and without atopy, an effective control of atopic conditions should be done in order to reduce eye rubbing, a well-stablished risk factor for Keratoconus.
46
Vieira, Maycoll Ferreira. "The Role of Coffee in Cancer Prevention: A Systematic Review." Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/89646.
Full text
47
Coelho, Ana Margarida Nunes Alves. "The Role of Urinary Microbiota in Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction." Master's thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/105118.
Full text
48
Antão, Maria Leal. "The Role of Atopic Disease in the Progression of Keratoconus." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/128726.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivo: Estudar a influencia da patologia atópica na evolução da ectasia corneana em doentes com queratocone.
Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo com 56 olhos de 56 doentes diagnosticados com queratocone, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 30 anos. A progressão da ectasia corneana foi avaliada entre duas medições com 12±3 meses de intervalo, usando as variáveis tomográficas Kmax, Km, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR e Astigmatismo corneano. Dados relativos a atopia e hábito de coçar os olhos foram retirados dos registos clínicos dos doentes, através do sistema informático SClínico.
Resultados: A prevalência de atopia na coorte foi de 60.7% e a prevalência de eye rubbing foi de 76.8%. Quanto à prevalência de rinite, asma e dermatite atópica, foram de 53.6%, 12.5% e 16.1%, respetivamente. Foi encontrada uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre atopia e eye rubbing (p=0.007), indicando que doentes com atopia têm maior tendência para coçar os olhos. Não foi encontrada uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na variação dos parâmetros Kmax, Km, K1, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR and Astigmatismo entre as duas medições, quando comparados os grupos de doentes atópicos e doentes não atópicos (p=0.821, p=0.759, p=0.794, p=0.883, p=0.969, p=0.747, p=0.442 e p=0.720, respetivamente). Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre progressão de ectasia e atopia, eye rubbing, rinite, asma e dermatite atópica (p=0.300, p=0.573, p=0.765, p=0.071 e p=1.000, respetivamente).
Conclusão: Apesar da ausência de diferença em termos de progressão de ectasia entre pacientes com Queratocone com atopia e sem atopia, um controlo eficaz das doenças atópicas deve ser levado a cabo, de forma a minimizar o eye rubbing, um reconhecido factor de risco para Queratocone.Purpose: To study the influence of atopic conditions in the progression of corneal ectasia in keratoconus patients. Methods: Retrospective study of 56 eyes of 56 patients with Keratoconus, aged from 14 to 30 years old. Ectasia progression was evaluated between two scans separated by 12±3 months, using the tomographic variables Kmax, Km, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR and Corneal Astigmatism. Data regarding atopy and eye rubbing habits were collected from patients' clinical records, accessed through the SClinico System. Results: The prevalence of atopy in this sample was 60.7% and the prevalence of eye rubbing habits was 76.8.6%. As for the prevalence of rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis, it is 53.6%, 12.5% and 16.1%, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between atopy and eye rubbing (p=0.007), indicating that atopic patients have more tendency to rub their eyes. No significant difference was found in the variation of the tomographic indices Kmax, Km, K1, K2, PachyMin, D-index, PCR and Astig between the two scans, when comparing the atopic and non-atopic groups of patients (p=0.821, p=0.759, p=0.794, p=0.883, p=0.969, p=0.747, p=0.442 and p=0.720, respectively). There were no significant associations between ectasia progression and atopy, eye rubbing, rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis (p=0.300, p=0.573, p=0.765, p=0.071 and p=1.000, respectively). Conclusion: Despite the lack of difference in ectasia progression found between KC patients with and without atopy, an effective control of atopic conditions should be done in order to reduce eye rubbing, a well-stablished risk factor for Keratoconus.
49
Lemos, Ana Carolina Basílio Vieira. "The role of infrared thermography in predicting diabetic foot outcomes." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134510.
Full textAbstract:
RESUMO
Introdução: De acordo com a Organização Mundial de saúde (OMS), a diabetes mellitus (DM) tem sido há muito considerada como uma doença multissistémica que pode resultar em complicações muito severas, nomeadamente no pé, incluindo neuropatia e doença arterial periférica. A úlcera do pé diabético representa então um dos mais sérios problemas destes doentes, causando um fardo económico para com a sociedade, bem como a perda de qualidade de vida. Assim sendo, a termografia infra-vermelha consegue obter a imagem da distribuição de temperatura de toda superfície plantar do pé. Além de ser de uso simples, tem um enorme potencial para melhorar a gestão da úlcera do pé diabético. Desta forma, o objetivo deste projeto abrange a revisão da evidência disponível acerca do uso da termografia para a prevenção e gestão do pé diabético.
Métodos: Uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi efetuada em outubro de 2020 nas plataformas MEDLINE para encontrar estudos que sobre a aplicação da termografia infra-vermelha no contexto de pé diabético. Após os títulos relevantes serem identificados, todos os resumos iniciais foram lidos e dos elegíveis como mais pertinentes foram consequentemente recuperados e relidos. Uma segunda pesquisa foi posteriormente realizada, para identificar possíveis estudos que não tivessem sido integrados numa primeira fase.
Resultados: Estudos têm demostrado que o valor de corte da temperatura para deteção de complicações nos pés diabéticos representa-se por uma diferença de 2,2ºC entre os pontos contralaterais (sensibilidade, 76%; especificidade, 40%). Essa diferença pode ser de apenas 2ºC num paciente neuropático. A maioria da evidência disponível está relacionada com o pé neuropático, associando-se a um aumento significativo da temperatura do pé, quando comparado com o membro não afetado. A evidência também mostra que a probabilidade de complicações parece aumentar em 24,7% para cada aumento de 1 ° C na temperatura do pé, sendo que um aumento de temperatura pode ser detetado antes mesmo da recorrência visível de uma úlcera neuropática.
Conclusão: A evidência disponível sugere que a vigilância das regiões contralaterais correspondentes do pé pode ser capaz de alterações antes que outros sinais clínicos de lesão sejam evidentes. A imagem térmica infravermelha tem o potencial de ser usada como uma ferramenta adicional para detetar e prevenir outras complicações de diabetes nos pés. No entanto, há a necessidade de estudos maiores e prospetivos para compreender plenamente o seu papel na gestão do pé diabético.ABSTRACT Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Diabetes mellitus (DM) has long been established as a disease that can lead to numerous severe complications in the foot, including neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) constitute one of the most serious issues of DM, inflicting a major economic burden to society and loss of health-related quality of life for the patients. In this setting, infrared thermographic technology can obtain imaging of temperature distribution of the whole plantar skin. Furthermore, it is a simple tool that has the potential to help improve DFUs management. The objective of this work is to review the available evidence on the use of infra-red thermography for prevention and management of diabetic foot disease. Methods: A literature search was performed on October 2020 in the MEDLINE databases to select studies investigating the use of infra-red thermography in the diabetic foot setting. After relevant titles were identified, all the abstracts were read, and eligible studies were retrieved. A cross-reference search was then performed to identify other studies not found in the primary query. Results: Studies have showed that the cut off skin temperature value for detection of diabetes-related foot complications may be a 2.2ºC difference between contralateral spots (sensitivity, 76%; specificity, 40%). This difference may be only 2ºC when predicting a neuropathic patient. Most of the available evidence is related to the neuropathic foot and it is associated with a significant increase in foot temperature when compared to the non-affected limb. The evidence also shows that the probability of complications seems to increase by 24.7% for every rise of 1°C in temperature. Studies also suggest that a temperature rise may be detectable even before the visible recurrence of a neuropathic ulcer. Conclusions: The available evidence suggest that monitoring of the corresponding contralateral foot regions may be able to provide clinical data prior to other clinical signs of injury can be recognized. Infrared thermal imaging has the potential to be used as an additional tool for detecting and preventing further complications of diabetes on the feet. There is, however, a need for larger and prospective studies to fully comprehend its role on the diabetic foot management.
50
Nunes, Fábio Sousa. "The Role of MicroRNAs on Cachexia's Pathophysiology: a Viable Therapeutic Option?" Dissertação, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/112075.
Full text