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Journal articles on the topic 'Root-canal Walls'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Poornima, Prabhavathi. "An In Vitro Comparison of Different Irrigants Used for the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide from Root Canal Walls." RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences 14, no. 2 (2022): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/rjds.14_2_11.

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Aim: This study was aimed to appraise the effectiveness of different activated irrigants in removing the inter appointment calcium hydroxide dressing from the walls of root canal system. Methodology: Forty single rooted premolars were collected and instrumented using ProTaper rotary files, followed by the application of calcium hydroxide dressing. After incubating for a week, the teeth were randomly allocated into four experimental groups (n= 10), based upon the irrigant used: saline, sodium hypochlorite, 70% ethanol, 10% citric acid. The sample teeth were then cleaved buccolingually and the a

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Eid, Mohamed, Hassan Elsayed, and Medhat Kataia. "THE EFFECT OF THREE ROOT CANAL SEALERS TO ROOT CANAL DENTIN WALLS." Egyptian Dental Journal 62, no. 1 (2016): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/edj.2016.92646.

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Leonardi, Denise Piotto, Gilson Blitzkow Sydney, Mario Tanomaru Filho, Flares Baratto-Filho, Samantha Schaffer Pugsley Baratto, and Paulo Sergio Cerri. "Performance of RaCe Instrumentation System in Curved Root Canals: A Comprehensive Analysis by Three Study Methods." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 3 (2013): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201301920.

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In this study, curved maxillary molar root canals were instrumented with RaCe rotary system to evaluate: 1. the occurrence of canal transportation using a radiographic platform; 2. the action of the instruments on the dentin walls, centering ability and canal enlargement by analysis of digital images; and the percentage of regular dentin surfaces and debris within the canal by histological analysis. Ten mesiobuccal roots of extracted human maxillary molars were embedded in acrylic resin and sectioned at the middle and apical thirds. Root canal shaping was performed using the RaCe rotary system

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Muller, Gabriela Guardiola, Anielle Pinheiro Schonhofen, Patricia Maria Poli Kopper Mora, Fabiana Soares Grecca, Marcus Vinicius Reis So, and Augusto Bodanezi. "Efficacy of an Organic Solvent and Ultrasound for Filling Material Removal." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 6 (2013): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302252.

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether a final rinse with Endosolv R® solvent and ultrasound resulted in cleaner root canal walls during endodontic retreatment. A total of 56 extracted premolar teeth were manually instrumented using a step-back flare technique and filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. After 9 months, the canals were retreated by removing the gutta-percha and sealer with ProTaper Universal Retreatment and rotary preparation with ProTaper Universal System up to an F5 file. As a final step, the teeth were randomly divided in 4 groups (n=14) and were subjected to

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Stanusi, Adrian Ştefan, Andreea Stănuşi, Oana Gîngu, et al. "STEREOMICROSCOPIC ASPECTS OF ROOT CANAL WALLS AFTER CONVENTIONAL LASER ENDODONTICS – A PRELIMINARY STUDY." Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 16, no. 1 (2024): 79–95. https://doi.org/10.62610/rjor.2024.1.16.6.

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Bacterial decontamination of root canals can be improved by directly irradiating the dentinal walls with dental lasers or by irradiating/activating the irrigation solutions, the laser having an indirect clinical action. Inside the root canal, laser irradiation produces a thermal effect on the dentine walls and bacteria, which generates unwanted side effects, if the therapeutic protocol is not followed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal walls by stereomicroscopic ex-amination, after their chemo-mechanical instrumentation and conventional laser irradiation. For this study, 35

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Apostolska, Sonja, Elizabeta Gjorgievska, Vasilka Rendzova, Marina Eftimoska, Rade Zivkovic, and Ivica Stancic. "Adaptability of different canal sealers to the root canal dentin - scanning electron microscopy analysis." Medical review 70, no. 5-6 (2017): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1706141a.

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Introduction. The aim of this in vitro study was to test and analyze the sealing ability of three endodontic materials used for permanent obturation, in between the dentin walls and the gutta-percha points, using a scanning electron microscope. Material and Methods. Forty-five recently extracted single-root teeth, treated by a step-back technique, were divided into three groups (15 teeth in each); the canals were filled with three different permanent obturation materi?als: N2 - zinc oxide root canal cement, Gutta Flow (Coltene), and Endomethasone N (Septodont). Their sealing ability and adhesi

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Dennis D, Winda Fatika Sari, Trimurni Abidin, and Widi Prasetia. "Potential of mangrove (Acanthus Ilicifolius) leave extract as an alternative root canal irrigation in removing smear layer (in-vitro study)." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 4 (2019): 2869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i4.1566.

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Factor that should be considered in the use of irrigation is the loss of the smear layer on root canal walls. Therefore the prepared root canal can be irrigated using materials, such as EDTA 17% and 2,5% NaOCl and of extract Acanthus ilicifolius 7,5% and 10%. To determine the potential of extract Acanthus ilicifolius leaves as an alternative of root canal irrigation in removing smear layer at a concentratiom of 7,5% and 10%. The type of this study is a laboratory experimental with post-test only control group design. The total sample is 24 teeth samples that have been prepared and irrigated co

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N, Amalia Dara, Ira Widjiastuti, and Laksmiari Setyowati. "Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) sebagai Bahan Pembersih Saluran Akar Gigi (The Effectiveness of Wuluh Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) Leaf Extract as Root Canal Cleaner)." Conservative Dentistry Journal 6, no. 2 (2016): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/cdj.v6i2.2016.82-86.

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Background: Preparation is one of the stages in endodontic treatment that always produce debris as a result of intrumentation on root canal walls. Debris consist of organic and inorganic materials. Debris will impede the penetration of disinfection materials and reduce attachment of the root canal filling material, therefore needed root canal irrigant which can remove the debris. Wuluh starfruit leaf extract (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) contain various active compound, such as saponin. Saponin act as “surfactants” which can remove the debris. Purpose: This study was to determine the cleaning effect

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Zivkovic, Slavoljub, Tatjana Brkanic, Dragoslav Dacic, Vanja Opacic, Violeta Pavlovic, and Milica Medojevic. "Smear layer in endodontics." Serbian Dental Journal 52, no. 1 (2005): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0501007z.

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Modern methods of root canal cleaning and filing are causing formation of the smear layer on treated surfaces. The aim of this paper was to review clinical aspect of smear layer in endodontics. Smear layer is the consequence of instrumentation of root canal walls and is consisted of organic and inorganic particles of cut dentine, necrotic and/or vital pulp fragments, microorganisms and their products. Existence of smear layer is affecting permeability of the radicular dentine, thus decreasing effects of canal medicaments and impairing adhesion of obturation materials in root canal. Removal of

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Gari, Wijaya, Abidin Trimurni, Dennis, Agusnar Harry, and A. Gani Basri. "Adhesive Strength of Endodontic Sealer Epoxy Resin with Addition of Nano Chitosan High Molecular in Root Canals." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 8 (2022): 638–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7036590.

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Root canal treatment is performed to repair and increase the resilience of the tooth. Using a suitable sealer material can increase penetration and adhesion to the root canal wall. Epoxy and chitosan resins have been reported to act as endodontic sealers with good penetration and adhesive properties. The evaluation of the penetration and adhesion properties of epoxy resin sealer and nano chitosan high molecular on the tubules dentin in root canal. The absorption and penetration assay of sealer used to the methylene blue dye assessment, while the confirmation the adhesive strength using SEM (Sc

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Thakur, Vivek. "Modified single-step apexification and strengthening of thin dentinal walls with Biodentine." Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 27, no. 2 (2024): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcde.jcde_239_23.

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Abstract Apexification is a technique used to create a mineralized barrier in a root having an open apex or to continue the apical growth of a root that is still not fully developed in teeth with necrotic pulps. Biodentine is a versatile material which can help in achieving apical closure as well as reinforcement of thin dentinal walls, thus improving the overall prognosis and preserving the natural dentition. In the present case, the radiographic evaluation showed thinner dentinal walls and an open apex with periapical radiolucency in relation to the upper right central incisor. The large ope

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Chen, Huan, Xinyuan Zhao, Yu Qiu, Dengyou Xu, Li Cui, and Buling Wu. "The Tubular Penetration Depth and Adaption of Four Sealers: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2946524.

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Background. The tubular penetration and adaptation of the sealer are important factors for successful root canal filling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tubular penetration depth of four different sealers in the coronal, middle, and apical third of root canals as well as the adaptation of these sealers to root canal walls. Materials and Methods. 50 single-rooted teeth were prepared in this study. Forty-eight of them were filled with different sealers (Cortisomol, iRoot SP, AH-Plus, and RealSeal SE) and respective core filling materials. Then the specimens were sectioned and scanning

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Cañadas, Piedad S., Ester Berástegui, Patrícia Gaton-Hernández, Léa A. B. Silva, Giselle A. Leite, and Roberto S. Silva. "Physicochemical Properties and Interfacial Adaptation of Root Canal Sealers." Brazilian Dental Journal 25, no. 5 (2014): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300037.

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This study compared the physicochemical properties and interfacial adaptation to canal walls of Endo-CPM-Sealer, Sealapex and Activ GP with the well-established AH Plus sealer. The following analyses were performed: radiopacity, pH variation and solubility using samples of each material and scanning electron microscopy of root-filled bovine incisors to evaluate the interfacial adaptation. Data were analyzed by the parametric and no-parametric tests (α=0.05). All materials were in accordance with the ANSI/ADA requirements for radiopacity. Endo-CPM-Sealer presented the lowest radiopacity values

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Pentelescu, Carola, Loredana Colceriu, Ovidiu Pastrav, Carina Culic, and Radu Chisnoiu. "In vitro evaluation of root canal preparation with two rotary instrument systems – Pro Taper and Hero Shaper." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 88, no. 3 (2015): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-454.

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Background and aims. The purpose of this study was to compare several parameters of root canal preparation using two different rotary Nickel-Titanium instruments: Pro-Taper (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballagigues, Switzerland) and Hero-Shaper (Micro Mega, Besancon, France).Methods. Twelve extracted maxillary premolars were randomly divided into two groups and embedded into a muffle system. All root canals were prepared to size 25 using Pro-Taper or Hero-Shaper rotary instruments. The following parameters were evaluated: root canal form, centering capacity of the instrument, the presence of residual d

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Bolli, Rashmi V., and Aanchal M. Agrawal. "Management of a Flared Root Canal with an Iatrogenically Widened Apex." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 6, no. 3 (2016): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1172.

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ABSTRACT Overinstrumentation during root canal treatment is one of the causes for iatrogenic enlargement of the root apex. It also leads to unwarranted coronal third widening, which results in thinning of the dentinal walls and makes the tooth susceptible to fracture. Another difficulty arises during control of obturation material within the canal. Such cases can be managed with obturation using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) followed by of root reinforcement for the weakened dentinal walls. In the present case, a 5mm MTA plug was placed and root reinforcement was done with the help of Giome

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Limongi, Orlando, Diana Santana de Albuquerque, Flares Baratto Filho, José Roberto Vanni, Elias P. Motcy de Oliveira, and Fernando Branco Barletta. "[NO TITLE AVAILABLE]." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 4 (2007): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000400003.

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This in vitro study compared, using computed tomography (CT), the amount of dentin removed from root canal walls by manual and mechanical rotary instrumentation techniques. Forty mandibular incisors with dental crown and a single canal were selected. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups, according to the technique used for root canal preparation: Group I - manual instrumentation with stainless steel files; Group II - mechanical instrumentation with RaCe rotary nickel-titanium instruments. In each tooth, root dentin thickness of the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal surfaces in the a

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Soni, Ankita, Pradeep Jain, Pallav Mahesh Patni, et al. "Comparison of various methods for removing double antibiotic paste from root canal walls during regenerative endodontic therapy." Endodontology 35, no. 4 (2023): 338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_60_23.

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ABSTRACT Aim: This study investigated the efficacy of Endoactivator, Pro-agitator tip system (PATS) Vario, BF brush, and dual side-vented needle irrigation to remove double antibiotic paste (DAP) from the root canal. Methods: Biomechanical preparation till size #25 (F2) was carried out utilizing the Protaper Universal System on 92 extracted teeth with single root and root canal. All the canals were filled with DAP for 21 days, and the roots were split into two halves (n = 20) and divided into four groups randomly based on the irrigation method, using either dual side-vented needle irrigation,

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Abdelrahman, Mai H., and Mohamed Y. Hassan. "Comparison of root canal walls cleanliness obturated with two commercially available; calcium silicate sealers and a resin sealer after retreatment." International Journal of Dentistry Research 5, no. 1 (2020): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/dentistry.2020.5105.

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Background: Despite improvements and advances in materials and methods, root canal treatment is not always satisfactory. After completing the obturation procedures, retreatment might be mandatory in cases of reinfection or inappropriately cleaned root canal. Retreatment strategy involves elimination of the obturating material, and then the whole mechanical and filling procedures are repeated again. Thus, root canal sealers removal shouldn’t represent an obstacle. Objective: The current study aimed is to investigate and observe the cleanliness of root canal walls that were previously obturated

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Soh, Yoichiroh, Junroh Tahara, Masatoshi Hitaka, Kohzoh Kubota, Kazuo Yasumoto, and Hakubu Yamamoto. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Root Canal Walls after Root Canal Preparation and Irrigation (part 1)." Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society 39, no. 6 (1985): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2504/kds.39.847.

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Soh, Yohichiroh, Junroh Tahara, Masatoshi Hitaka, and Hakubu Yamamoto. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Root Canal Walls after Root Canal Preparation and Irrigation (Part 3)." Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society 40, no. 6 (1986): 1413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2504/kds.40.1413.

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Soh, Yohichiroh, Junroh Tahara, Masatoshi Hitaka, Kohzoh Kubota, and Hakubu Yamamoto. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Root Canal Walls after Root Canal Preparation and Irrigation (Part 2)." Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society 40, no. 3 (1986): 677–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2504/kds.40.677.

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Soh, Yohichiroh, Junroh Tahara, Masatoshi Hitaka, Hakubu Yamamoto, and Hideo Miyazaki. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Root Canal Walls after Root Canal Preparation and Irrigation (part 4)." Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society 41, no. 1 (1987): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2504/kds.41.406.

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Pavlovic, Violeta, and Slavoljub Zivkovic. "Chlorhexidine as a root canal irrigant: Antimicrobial and scanning electron microscopic evaluation." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, no. 9-10 (2010): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1010557p.

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Introduction. Selection of irrigant is very important for longterm success of root canal therapy. Objective. This study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution (CHX) against five selected microorganisms and to evaluate its efficacy in root canal cleaning. Methods. In this study, by agar diffusion test, were evaluated antimicrobial effects of three root canal irrigants: 5.25% NaOCl, 2.5% NaOCl and 2% CHX. The microorganisms tested in this study were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Cand

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Mitic, Aleksandar, Nadica Mitic, Ilijana Muratovska, Vera Stojanovska, Lidija Popovska, and Vladimir Mitic. "Ultrastructural investigation of root canal dentine surface after application of active ultrasonic method." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, no. 5-6 (2008): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0806226m.

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INTRODUCTION The basic work principle of all ultrasonic techniques is the piezoelectric effect of producing high frequency ultrasounds of small length, which are transmitted over the endodontic extensions or canal instruments into the root canal. When in contact with the tissue, ultrasonic vibrations are converted into mechanical oscillations. Ultrasonic waves and the obtained oscillations along with the synergic effect of irrigation bring about the elimination of smear layer from the root canal walls. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to ultrastucturally examine the effect of smear layer rem

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Amda, Nurni, Juni Jekti N, Aries Chandra Trilaksana, Christine Anastasia Rovani, Nurhayaty Natsir, and Indrya Kirana Mattulada. "Penilaiankebersihansepertigaapikaldindingsaluranakardarismearlayer dengan menggunakan rotary instrument dengan disain convex triangular dan rectangular cross section (Hygiene assessment on apical third of root canal wall of smear layer using rotary instrument design convex triangular and rectangular cross section)." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 14, no. 1 (2015): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v14i1.429.

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This study aim to compare the smear layer clearance on the apical third of the root canal walls instrumented withconvex triangular cross- section designed hand instruments, rectangular cross-section and convex triangular crosssectiondesigned rotary instruments. Mandibular premolars that met the inclusion criteria were divided into 3 groupsof 10 samples, and prepared using convex triangular cross section design hand instruments, convex triangular crosssectionandrectangularcross-section design rotary instruments. After preparation and drainage, the sample was cutinto halves using a stainless ste

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Mamede-Neto, Iussif, Alvaro Henrique Borges, Orlando Aguirre Guedes, Durvalino de Oliveira, Fábio Luis Miranda Pedro, and Carlos Estrela. "Root Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments in Mandibular Premolars Assessed Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography." Open Dentistry Journal 11, no. 1 (2017): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601711010071.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), transportation and centralization of different nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments. Methods: One hundred and twenty eight mandibular premolars were selected and instrumented using the following brands of NiTi files: WaveOne, WaveOne Gold, Reciproc, ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold, Mtwo, BioRaCe and RaCe. CBCT imaging was performed before and after root canal preparation to obtain measurements of mesial and distal dentin walls and calculations of root canal transportation and centralization. A no

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Estrela, Carlos, Mike Reis Bueno, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele, et al. "Method to determine the root canal spatial geometry using an algorithm of the e-Vol DX CBCT software." Brazilian Dental Journal 34, no. 6 (2023): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305661.

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Abstract This study evaluated a method to determine the spatial geometry of root canal preparation (RCP) using navigation dynamics and a specific algorithm from a new CBCT software (e-Vol DX). CBCT scans of 168 root canals of mandibular molars were acquired before and after RCP, using nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments (ProTaper Next, BioRace, Reciproc Blue, and WaveOne Gold). The spatial geometry of the root canals and the operative risk of disproportional wear of dentinal walls after RCP were evaluated using a new CBCT software. A 3-point scoring system was used after the measuring of cement

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Taufik Teguh Samudera, Muhammad, Sri Lestari, and Erawati Wulandari. "Effectiveness of Green Okra Fruit Extract (Abelmoschus esculentus) 12.5% in Removing Smear Layer of Root Canal Walls." International Journal of Research and Review 12, no. 5 (2025): 673–79. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20250571.

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Smear layer is a thin layer formed due to friction of endodontic instruments during preparation. The smear layer must be removed with root canal irrigation material, namely 2.5% NaOCl. However, 2.5% NaOCl causes toxic effects when pushed into the periapical, so natural materials are needed as an alternative, one of which is green okra fruit extract. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of green okra fruit extract to remove the smear layer on the root canal wall. This study was an experimental laboratory study with a posttest only control group design. There were two test groups

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Meurer Luiz, Caroline, Taynara Santos Goulart, Ketillyn da Silva Magalhães, Gilmar da Rosa Souza Junior, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, and Josiane de Almeida. "Do Ultraconservative Access Cavities Hinder Endodontic Reintervention in Mandibular Incisors? A Laboratory Investigation." International Journal of Dentistry 2024 (February 3, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/5516067.

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This study assessed the influence of the type of endodontic access cavity on endodontic reintervention. Twenty mandibular central incisors were distributed into two groups (n = 10): TradAC group—traditional access cavities and UltraAC.Inc group—ultraconservative access cavities. After endodontic access, the root canals were prepared and obturated by the single cone technique. The filling material was removed with the Reciproc R25 instrument, followed by reinstrumentation with the R40 instrument. Images acquisition of each root canal hemisection was performed in a stereomicroscope to quantify t

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Sachdeva, Jyoti, Chetan R. Patil, Venugopal Thangala, Pabbati Ravi Kumar, and Akash Krishna. "To Evaluate and Compare the Efficacy, Cleaning Ability of Hand and Two Rotary Systems in Root Canal Retreatment." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no. 3 (2013): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1341.

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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate and compare the efficacy, cleaning ability of hand and two rotary systems in root canal retreatment. Methodology Sixty extracted premolars were retreated with following systems: Group 1—ProTaper Universal retreatment files, Group 2—ProFile system, Group 3—H-file. Specimens were split longitudinally and amount of remaining gutta-percha on the canal walls was assessed using direct visual scoring with the aid of stereomicroscope. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA test. Results Completely clean root canal walls were not achieved with any of the techniques inv

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Sahota, Dr Jagriti, Dr Vijay Kumar, Dr Shweta Verma, Dr Neeraj Sharma, Dr Shilpa Kumari, and Dr Shobhita Garg. "Comparative Evaluation Of Retrievability Of Calcium Hydroxide From Apical Third Of Root Canal With Commercially Available Root Canal Irrigants: An InVitro Study." IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 23, no. 10 (2024): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0853-2310055159.

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Context: Calcium hydroxide is the most widely used intracanal medicament to aid chemomechanical preparation to thoroughly clean the root canal system. However, it is important to completely remove the medicament for predictable success of the root canal treatment. Aim: This study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of irriganting solutions and irrigation methods to remove calcium hydroxide from the root canal system. Material and Methodology: Eighty extracted single rooted teeth were selected and instrumented using ProTaper Gold rotary files, followed by application of calcium hydroxide. Af

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Chatterjee, Srishti Songsoya, and Shashirekha Govind. "A Comprehensive Guide to Root Canal Treatment." Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research 13, no. 5 (2024): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32553/jbpr.v13i5.1171.

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Traditional protocols involve cleaning the pulp chamber and root canals and removing the bacteria and the smear layer. Several globular and non-globular dentine types are revealed when the smear layer is removed. The dentinal walls should be cleaned before the lumen is chemically or mechanically enlarged. Apexogenesis and apexification are the sources of emerging pulp therapies that use totipotent, multipotent, or unipotent stem cells to help regenerate the tooth pulp. Keywords: Root Canal Treatment, Contemporary techniques, Benefits of RCT

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Adi Santoso, Cornelia Melinda, Karlina Samadi, Eric Priyo Prasetyo, and Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum. "The differences between mangosteen peel extract irrigant and NaOCl 2.5% on root canal cleanliness." Conservative Dentistry Journal 10, no. 1 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/cdj.v10i1.2020.40-43.

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Background: Preparation, one of the stages in root canal treatment, always producesdebrisas aresultof instrumentation onroot canalwalls. Debrisconsistsoforganicand inorganicmaterials. Irrigation need to be performed in every preparation so that debrisandmicroorganisms can be removed from root canal wallsthrough flushingmechanism. NaOCl 2.5% is the most popular irrigant used in root canal treatment. However, NaOCl2.5% onlyworks onorganic tissue. Mangosteenpeel extractcontainsvariousactive compounds, such as saponin. Saponin acts assurfactantso as tolower thesurface tension and remove debris fro

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Yuanita, Tamara. "The cleanliness differences of root canal walls after irrigated with East Java propolis extract and sodium hypoclorite solutions." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 50, no. 1 (2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i1.p6-9.

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Background: Root canal instrumentation produces smear layer that covers dentine tubules of the root canal surface. Smear layer is organic and inorganic particles that have to be removed. East Java propolis extracts contais of saponin components used as a natural surfactant. 2.5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl solutions have been widely used for irrigation in root canal treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the cleanliness of the root canal walls, irrigated with aquadest, 8% East Java propolis extract, 2.5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl. Method: Forty extracted teeth with straight single root c

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Dagna, Alberto, Riccardo Beltrami, Stefano Bianchi, Claudio Poggio, and Giulia Gastaldo. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Root Canal Walls after shaping with Different Single-use Rotary Systems." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 5, no. 2 (2016): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1133.

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ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate the cleaning efficacy of four new single-use rotary nickel–titanium (NiTi) systems. A total of 48 single-rooted freshly extracted teeth were divided into four groups. Root canals were shaped with the single-use NiTi systems (ProTaper Next, F360, OneShape and F6 SkyTaper) using 5.25% NaOCl and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions. Specimens were fractured longitudinally and prepared for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis at standard magnification of 2,500?. The presence/absence of debris smear layer and smear lay

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Velozo, Christianne, and Diana Albuquerque. "Microcomputed Tomography Studies of the Effectiveness of XP-endo Shaper in Root Canal Preparation: A Review of the Literature." Scientific World Journal 2019 (August 19, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3570870.

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The aim of this study was to undertake a literature review on the use of XP-endo Shaper (FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) for root canal preparation evaluated using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) technology, with emphasis on the analysis of untouched canal walls. We searched the PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO, and MEDLINE databases for articles published from 2017 to 2019 using the following keywords: micro-CT, untouched walls, XP shaper, and XP endo. Articles without an abstract were excluded. Five papers were selected. Few studies on this topic are available. The studies

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Plascencia, Hugo, Álvaro Cruz, Mariana Díaz, Ana Laura Jiménez, Rodrigo Solís, and Cesar Bernal. "Root Canal Filling after Revascularization/Revitalization." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, no. 6 (2016): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.6.445.

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Introduction: Revascularization/revitalization therapy is considered an alternative procedure for management of teeth with an immature apex and necrotic pulp, mainly when root development is interrupted in the early phases of formation. However, this clinical treatment protocol should be considered a permanent procedure? Method: A maxillary central incisor with a previous and successful RR treatment was intentionally filled with a biocompatible material with the periapical tissues due to the patient's lack of adherence to the follow-up protocol. Results: The 20-month follow-up showed absence o

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Hristov, Krasimir, Liliya Doitchinova, and Natalia Gateva. "Regenerative endodontic treatment of immature permanent teeth after mechanical instrumentation with XP-Endo Finisher." Folia Medica 65, no. 3 (2023): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.65.e80063.

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Introduction: The traditional treatment of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp involves creating an apical barrier by using calcium hydroxide or an MTA plug for an extended period of time. A novel therapeutic approach called regenerative endodontic procedures (REP) is used to allow root development to continue. Aim: To investigate the response of immature permanent teeth and necrotic pulp to REP using a modified clinical protocol involving minimal mechanical instrumentation and irrigation with 10% citric acid. Materials and methods: We treated 30 immature permanent teeth with necrotic

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Sakko, Marjut, Leo TjÄDerhane, and Riina Rautemaa-Richardson. "Microbiology of Root Canal Infections." Primary Dental Journal 5, no. 2 (2016): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/205016816819304231.

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Inflammatory reaction in the periapical tissues is induced by microbial infection in the root canal system. The aim of root canal treatment is to preserve healthy periapical tissues or to provide healing of them in restorable teeth, which have sufficient periodontal support. The amount of microbial cells in the root canal system and their virulence as well as host responses influence on the degree of periapical inflammation and symptoms. Microbial biofilm formation is typically seen on root canal walls but some microbial species are able to invade the dentine tubules to varying depth. In prolo

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Lee, Chaehwan. "The endodontic treatment for immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis." Journal of The Korean Dental Association 59, no. 6 (2021): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2021.59.6.005.

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Root canal treatment of immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis presents clinical difficulties due to wideroot canals and apical foramen. In addition, there is a high risk associated with a potential cervical fracture due to the thin dentinal walls even after successful root canal treatment. Thus, a notion of continued root development of the immature tooth has continuously explored. Regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) provides a biological treatment approach based on regeneration and revascularization principles. Unlike conventionalapexification, RET promotes the growth and developmen

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Tennert, Christian, Yoana Zinovieva, Kalin Shishkov, et al. "Improving the Efficiency of Photodynamic Chemotherapy in Root Canals against Enterococcus faecalis In Vitro." Antibiotics 9, no. 9 (2020): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9090543.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms in root canals using an 90% isopropanol (IPA)-based photosensitizer and removing excess photosensitizer before light incubation. Three hundred and seven extracted human teeth with one root canal were infected with E. faecalis for 72 h and treated in groups: IPA irrigation; PACT; PACT and final rinse with IPA; PACT with photosensitizer removal using either 0.9% NaCl solution or sterile paper points or both; PACT using IPA-based photosensitizer with and without a

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Henrique Chagas Silva, Mauro, Celso Neiva Campos, and Marcelo Santos Coelho. "Revascularization of an Immature Tooth with Apical Periodontitis Using Calcium Hydroxide: A 3-year Follow-up." Open Dentistry Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601509010482.

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Root canal treatment of teeth presenting immature development is a great challenge for both the patient and the professional. The thinness of the root canal walls of immature teeth may lead to root fracture and thus the outcomes of such treatments are uncertain. Revascularization is based on root canal decontamination followed by the induction of blood migration from the periapical tissues and the development of new vascular tissue in the canal space. The principle of disinfection in regenerative endodontics is that it should be achieved with minimum root canal instrumentation; an intracanal m

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Mônika, Chaves Medici, and Izabel Cristina Fröner. "A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of different root canal irrigation regimens." Brazilian Oral Research 20, no. 3 (2006): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242006000300010.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endodontic irrigants in removing the smear layer from instrumented root canal walls using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The endodontic irrigants used were: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 1% NaOCl mixed to 17% EDTAC; 2% chlorhexidine gel; and Ricinus communis gel. Photomicrographs of the middle and apical thirds were evaluated with the aid of the Fotoscore - v. 2.0 software. The results indicated that the mixture of sodium hypochlorite and EDTAC completely removed the smear layer from dentinal walls. The other endodontic irriga

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Gomes, Brenda P. F. A., Emelly Aveiro, and Anil Kishen. "Irrigants and irrigation activation systems in Endodontics." Brazilian Dental Journal 34, no. 4 (2023): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305577.

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Abstract Root canal infections are typically polymicrobial and involve strong bacterial interactions. The goal of endodontic treatment is to remove infected content from the root canal system to allow the healing of a pre-existing periapical lesion or to prevent infection of the periradicular tissues. Instrumentation alone is not capable of touching all of the root canal walls. Therefore, the irrigation process is an essential step in the endodontic treatment. However, due to the complex anatomy of the root canal system, this cleaning is very challenging. Although syringe and needle irrigation

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Souza, Ronaldo Araújo, Yara T. Corrêa Silva-Sousa, Suely Colombo, Maurício Lago, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, and Jesus Djalma Pécora. "Healing of a tooth with an overinstrumented apex, extensive transportation and periapical lesion using a 5 mm calcium hydroxide apical plug: an 8-year follow-up report." Brazilian Dental Journal 23, no. 5 (2012): 608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402012000500024.

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Besides the risk of filling material extrusion throughout the apex, a satisfactory apical seal can be difficult to achieve in canals with open apices or iatrogenic enlargements of the apical constriction. These situations pose a challenge to root canal filling. This paper describes the root canal filling of a maxillary right canine with an overinstrumented apex, complete loss of the apical stop, extensive canal transportation and apical periodontitis. A 5 mm calcium hydroxide apical plug was placed before root canal filling. The plug was made by soaking paper points with saline, dipping the po

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Zongova-Adem, Sherihan E., Irina Kalinova Tsenova-Ilieva, Violeta Dimitrova Dogandzhiyska, Snezhanka Zaprinova Topalova-Pirinska, and Emilia Goshova Karova. "ProTaper universal retreatment retreatment potential in oval-shaped canals filled with different obturation techniques—A micro-computed tomography study." Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry 14, no. 2 (2024): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_2_24.

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Abstract Aim: The objective of this in vitro micro-computed tomography investigation is to assess the efficacy of the ProTaper Universal Retreatment System in retreating oval-shaped root canals filled with three obturation procedures. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six lower incisors with a single oval root canal were prepared using XP-Endo Shaper up to size 30/0.04, and allocated into three equal groups based on the filling technique: Group 1: Warm vertical condensation technique; Group 2: GuttaCore obturators; Group 3: Cold lateral condensation technique. All samples were further retreated us

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Siddiqua, Fahmida. "Pulp Revascularization of an Immature Anterior tooth using Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF): A Pediatric Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education 13, no. 2 (2023): 45–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14047172.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction:</strong> Revascularization is an alternative treatment for immature necrotic teeth, with biological basis. Unlike techniques of artificial apical barrier, it allows the continuation of root development and recovery of pulp vitality.<strong>Objective:</strong> To present the importance of diagnosis and treatment plan, and present a treatment protocol that includes pulp revascularization, through a clinical case of an immature necrotic tooth.<strong>Case report:</strong> After passive instrumentation of root canal walls and medication wit

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Estrela, Carlos, Daniel de A Decurcio, Fernando B. Barletta, et al. "Presence of Metallic Microfragments on Dentinal Walls and Instrument Defects following Root Canal Preparation." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 4 (2017): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2030.

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ABSTRACT Aim To determine the presence of metallic microfragments and their elemental composition in the dentinal walls of root canals following preparation using different endodontic instruments and to assess the active cutting edges of instruments with regard to structural defects. Materials and methods A total of 108 molar teeth were selected and prepared using different endodontic instruments. Teeth were randomly divided into nine groups of 12 teeth each, according to the instruments employed: Manual systems – K-FlexoFile, K-File, and Hedstroem; rotary systems – ProTaper Next, Mtwo, BioRaC

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Manwar, Narendra, Sumeet Darda, and D. D. Shori. "An In Vivo Evaluation of Two Types of Files used to Accurately Determine the Diameter of the Apical Constriction of a Root Canal: An In Vivo Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 10, no. 4 (2009): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-10-4-43.

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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to compare sizes of the first instrument with or without a taper that binds at the apical constriction of a root canal after coronal flaring. Methods and Materials A total of 310 canals were evaluated in patients presenting for root canal therapy. Canals with intact apices were selected. After gaining straight line endodontic access, the coronal third was flared using Gates-Glidden drills. Working length was determined using an apex locator. ISO Standard K-files (tapered) were passively introduced into the canals starting with a No. 15 file. The first K-f

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Asthana, Geeta, Sadhna Manglani, and Rajashree Tamuli. "Improving fluid dynamics during root canal irrigation." Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 28, no. 6 (2025): 595–97. https://doi.org/10.4103/jcde.jcde_223_25.

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Abstract The primary aim of root canal therapy is to thoroughly remove infection and prevent its recurrence in the root canal system. Irrigation plays a pivotal role in this process by removing both organic and inorganic debris, as well as microorganisms and their biofilms. For irrigants to achieve their maximum efficacy, they must reach and disrupt the biofilm adhering to the canal walls. To enhance the effectiveness of irrigants, various activation systems are employed, each operating through distinct mechanisms. It is crucial to understand the interplay between different irrigants and activ

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