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Said, Fadi, and Moti Moskovitz. "Effect of Calcium Hydroxide as a Root Canal Dressing Material on Dentin Fracture Strength In Primary Teeth–In Vitro Study." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 42, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-42.2.11.
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Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of calcium hydroxide as a root canal dressing material on dentin microtensile fracture strength in human primary teeth in vitro. Study design: Thirty primary anterior teeth with root canals packed with calcium hydroxide were divided into groups of ten and immersed in saline at room temperature for 7, 30 and 90 days. Ten teeth with root canals filled with sterile saline were the control group. Microtensile fracture strength was measured in Mechanical tester Lloyd testing machine. Results: There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the fracture strength of the calcium hydroxide-filled teeth after 90 days (19.1 MPa) compared with the control (35.8 MPa). Dentin microtensile fracture strength of the calcium hydroxide-filled teeth decreased at an average of 0.142 MPa per day. Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide placed in root canals for an extended time had a significantly negative effect on root strength. Long-term success of root canal treatment in primary anterior teeth is estimated as 65% with most of the failures result from trauma recurrence. Clinical Relevance: Our results stress the need to evaluate the pros and cons of root canal treatment compared to extractions of non-vital primary incisors.
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Memon, Mahwish, Feroze Ali Kalhoro, Salman Shams, and Suneel Kumar. "ROOT CANAL DENTIN;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 01 (January 18, 2017): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.01.415.
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Objectives: To compare the mean thickness of hybrid layer by using selfetchadhesive at coronal dentin and root canal dentin with scanning electronic microscope.Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences,Jamshoro. Period: July 2009 to 31st December 2009. Material & Methods: Fifty permanentsingle rooted extracted teeth were used in this study. The sample size was divided into twoequal groups of 25 teeth each. Group 1(n=25) self etch adhesive was applied on coronal dentinthen light cured for 10seconds. Group 2(n=25)self etch adhesive to root canal dentin and thenlight cured was applied for 10seconds then 2mm thick layer was placed to adhesive bondedsurfaces of coronal and root canal dentin. Data were analyzed using t-test of significance. p-Value was significant at ≤0.05. Results: The mean ±standard deviation of thickness of hybridlayer was 2.3088 ±1.027 um in coronal dentin; and it was 2.1104 ±1.0316 um in root canaldentin. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant differences in mean thickness of hybridlayer between root canal dentin and coronal dentin with self etch adhesive.
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Nurhapsari, Arlina. "PENATALAKSANAAN GIGI PREMOLAR KEDUA MAKSILA DENGAN SALURAN AKAR VERTUCCI TIPE V - laporan Kasus." ODONTO : Dental Journal 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.1.1.53-56.
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Background: The aim of the case report is to demonstrate the importance of knowing the root canals configuration in the maxillary second premolars. Maxillary second premolars usually have one root canal, however in several cases there is more than one root canal with a variety of configurations. Method: multiple visit root canal treatment with a crown down technique on the maxillary second premolar with unusual root canals configuration which is confirmed using radiograph. Result: Based on radiograph, it was identified Vertucci type V root canal on the maxillary second premolars. After biomechanical preparation, obturation was conducted. When patient controlled, there were not problem and inflammation. Conclusion : This report described and discussed about the possibility of root canals variation on the maxillary second premolars. Careful examination using radiograph and deep knowledge, it is identified by the clinician in treating root canal treatment on that premolars.
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Leonardi, Denise Piotto, Gilson Blitzkow Sydney, Mario Tanomaru Filho, Flares Baratto-Filho, Samantha Schaffer Pugsley Baratto, and Paulo Sergio Cerri. "Performance of RaCe Instrumentation System in Curved Root Canals: A Comprehensive Analysis by Three Study Methods." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 3 (June 2013): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201301920.
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In this study, curved maxillary molar root canals were instrumented with RaCe rotary system to evaluate: 1. the occurrence of canal transportation using a radiographic platform; 2. the action of the instruments on the dentin walls, centering ability and canal enlargement by analysis of digital images; and the percentage of regular dentin surfaces and debris within the canal by histological analysis. Ten mesiobuccal roots of extracted human maxillary molars were embedded in acrylic resin and sectioned at the middle and apical thirds. Root canal shaping was performed using the RaCe rotary system at 250 rpm and 1 Ncm torque. Each instrument set was used five times according to a crown-down technique in the following sequence: 40/0.10, 35/0.08, 25/0.06, 25/0.04, 25/0.02 (working length - WL), 30/0.02 (WL) and 35/0.02 (WL). Each instrument was inserted until resistance was felt and then pulled back, followed by brushing movements towards all canal walls. Each specimen was assessed by three study methods: radiographic platform, digitized image assessment and histological analysis. The radiographic platform showed lack of apical transportation. No statistically significant difference (Wilcoxon test, p>0.05) was found between the middle and apical thirds regarding instrument action on dentin walls, centering ability, area of root canal enlargement, percentage of regular dentin surfaces and debris within the root canal. It may be concluded that RaCe system is a suitable method for the preparation of curved root canals, regarding the maintenance of root canal original path, action on dentin walls, canal enlargement and removal of debris from the root canal lumen.
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Tennert, Christian, Yoana Zinovieva, Kalin Shishkov, Lamprini Karygianni, Makus Jörg Altenburger, Richard J. Wierichs, and Ali Al-Ahmad. "Improving the Efficiency of Photodynamic Chemotherapy in Root Canals against Enterococcus faecalis In Vitro." Antibiotics 9, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9090543.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms in root canals using an 90% isopropanol (IPA)-based photosensitizer and removing excess photosensitizer before light incubation. Three hundred and seven extracted human teeth with one root canal were infected with E. faecalis for 72 h and treated in groups: IPA irrigation; PACT; PACT and final rinse with IPA; PACT with photosensitizer removal using either 0.9% NaCl solution or sterile paper points or both; PACT using IPA-based photosensitizer with and without a final rinse of IPA. Root canals were sampled using sterile paper points and dentin chips collected from the root canal walls. Additionally, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) images of the specimens were taken to evaluate the root canal walls for residue bacterial contamination. In all antimicrobial treatment groups treatments E. faecalis counts were significantly reduced in the root canals. Using IPA-based photosensitizer the antimicrobial effect of PACT was significantly enhanced. Irrigation with IPA alone or after PACT significantly increased the antimicrobial effect compared to PACT alone. The collected dentin chips revealed the highest amount of culture negative root canals (10%) after PACT using IPA-based photosensitizer. In the other groups, the culture negative samples ranged from only 0–2 specimens of 30 specimens. REM images show remaining E. faecalis cells on the root canal wall and inside dentin tubules. Using IPA-based photosensitizer significantly enhanced the antimicrobial effect of PACT against E. faecalis in the root canals.
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Ballal, Vasudev. "Microhardness of root canal dentin." Saudi Endodontic Journal 4, no. 3 (2014): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1658-5984.138154.
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Abbas, Farah Salahalden, Nadeen Jamal Abdulredah, and Amer Salman Hassan. "Effect of Final Irrigation Protocol on Dentin Microhardness." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 2157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1596.
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Endodontic therapy is essentially a debridement procedure that requires the removal of the irritants of the canal and periapical tissue if success is to be gained. The debridement may include instrumentation of the canal, placement of medicament and irrigants. Complete cleaning of the root-canal system requires the use of irrigants that dissolve organic and inorganic material. The study aimed to evaluate changes in dentin microhardness after canal irrigation with different solutions. Twenty four freshly extracted human mandibular molars (distal roots with single canals) were used. 10mm root length was taken as standard length. The roots were embedded into auto polymerizing acrylic resin using plastic molds before the canals preparation and micro hardness test. The distal roots were prepared with one shape rotary file. Before the preparation each root was irrigated with 1ml distilled water. Then the roots were divided into four groups according to the final irrigation protocol: Group A: NaOCl 2.5%, Group B: EDTA 17%, Group C: Citric Acid 40%, Group D: Distilled Water. For (Vicker microhardness test) the same load and time 500 g test load for 20 seconds, will be conducted three times at distance 0.5mm from canal lumen ; thus there will be 9 indentations on each specimen surface. An average of the three readings for each test condition will be recorded as the VHN value of a specimen. Comparing all four groups statistically there was no significant difference among them. The mean values were found more reduced in EDTA group followed by NaOCL group, and then Control and Citric Acid groups. All the groups showed reduction in dentin microhardness. EDTA group showed the maximum reduction followed by NaOCL group, and least with Citric Acid group.
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Abuhaimed, Tariq S., and Ensanya A. Abou Neel. "Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation and Its Effect on Bond Strength to Dentin." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1930360.
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Effective shaping and cleaning of root canals are essential for the success of endodontic treatment. Due to the complex anatomy of root canal spaces, the use of various instrumentation techniques alone is not effective in producing bacteria-free root canal spaces. Irrigation, disinfectants, rinses, and intervisit medications are used in conjunction with the mechanical instrumentation to ensure the success of endodontic treatment. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a halogenated compound, is routinely used to irrigate the root canal during endodontic treatments. NaOCl has been known for its antibacterial action, proteolytic and dissolution capacity, and debridement properties. NaOCl, however, can alter the composition of dentin and hence its interaction with the adhesive resins used to bond the restorative materials to treated dentin. This review therefore covers in depth the action of NaOCl on dentin-adhesive resin bond strength including both enhancement and reduction, then mechanisms proposed for such action, and finally how the adverse action of NaOCl on dentin can be reversed.
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Soares, Janir Alves, Maria Auxiliadora Roque de Carvalho, Suelleng Maria Cunha Santos Soares, Rodrigo Dantas Pereira, Manoel Brito-Júnior, Paula Prazeres Magalhães, Isabel Alessandra Miranda Nunes, et al. "Pattern of Disinfection of Root Canal Dentin by Alternated Acid-Base Irrigating Regimen." Scientific World Journal 2019 (January 1, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9219238.
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Objective. To quantifyEnterococcus faecalisdensity in root canal dentin after chemomechanical preparation (CMP) using alternated irrigating regimen.Methodology. Root canals (RC) were contaminated withE. faecalis(ATCC 19433) for 3 weeks and evident biofilms were obtained. After initial sampling (S1), the CMP was aided by irrigants: saline solution (control; n=12), a conventional regimen (CR) (group 1; n=12) using 5.25% NaOCl and a final rinse with 17% EDTA, and an alternating regimen (AR) of intercalated use of NaOCl and EDTA (group 2, n=12), followed by a second sampling (S2). After 2 weeks, S3 was obtained. Two roots were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Each root was divided into cervical, mild, and apical segments and sampling of the superficial (n=90) and deep (n=90) dentin layers was obtained using Gates-Glidden burs. TheE. faecalisdensity (CFU/mg) in log10was categorized as residual (0 > 0.2), moderate (0.2 ≥ 0.5), or elevated (> 0.5). The prevalence of positive samples in BHI and BHI-A was analyzed by Pearson’s chi-square test. The data were normalized by a log10transformation of CFU and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests.Results. Biofilms were observed only in the control root canal walls. Topographically, the controls and CR showed similar distributions ofE. faecalisin the dentin. Microbiologically positive root canals harbored muchE. faecalisin the adjacent dentin (p< 0.05). Irrigating saline provided moderate density ofE. faecalisin the dentin while CR and AR resulted in a residual density of microorganisms (p< 0.05).Conclusions. TheEnterococcus faecalisdensity in dentin was influenced by the irrigating regimen and the microbiological status of the root canal. The CMP aided by the alternating regimen interfered with the recolonization of the root canal and topographic distribution ofEnterococcusin root dentin.
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Putri, Asri Riany. "CROWN DOWN PREPARATION TECHNIQUE WITH LARGE TAPER ENDODONTIC HAND INSTRUMENT." Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) 17, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46862/interdental.v17i1.2075.
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Introduction: Root canal preparation is an important step in root canal treatment. The use of stainless steel K-Files is time-consuming and causes fatigue to patients and operators. The large taper endodontic hand instrument can be used as an option for another preparation instrument. The purpose of this article is to determine the advantages of using large taper endodontic hand instruments as a preparation instrument compared to conventional stainless steel K-Files. Case: The 24-year-old male patient presented with pain in his lower left tooth even though it was not used. Examination of teeth 35, percussion and press (+), palpation (-), CE (-), exploration of root canals with smooth broach (+). There was a radiolucent image in the distal crown that had reached the pulp chamber, radiolucency with a blurred border of 2 mm in diameter at the periapical area, and the dilation of the periodontal ligaments along with the roots. Tooth 35 diagnosis was partial pulp necrosis with periapical lesions. Case Management: Root canal treatment of teeth 35 using hand-used ProTaper with the crown down technique up to F4 WL = 21 mm. Obturation with single cone technique with Endomethasone as a sealer. Discussion: The large taper instrument is very flexible and easily enters narrow and bent root canals, thus it can shorten the working time, reduce the risk of fatigue for patients and operators, improves the cleaning of the root canal system, and consistent root canal formation. The crown down technique used can reduce the risk of preparation errors, prevent debris extrusion and improve obturation quality. Conclusion: Root canal preparation using a large taper endodontic hand instrument can shorten the working time and reduce the risk of fatigue for patients and operators compared to preparations using conventional stainless steel K-File.
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Kajol Relan, Manoj Chandak, Pooja Chandak, Madhulika Chandak, Chanchal Rathi, and Shruti Mishra. "Antibiotics: A changing scenario in Regenerative Endodontics." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 1453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4321.
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The main aim of Endodontics is to either prevent the endodontic disease or to treat it. This is achieved by maintaining the pulp health in cases of pulp inflammation. If there is pulp necrosis, pulp health can be maintained by regenerating the healthy pulp tissue. Hence various researches and the clinical studies tried to regenerate the healthy functioning pulp-dentin complex. Regenerative dentistry aims to biologically replace the dental tissues along with their supporting structures. Regenerative Endodontics can be defined as “ biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged structures such as dentin, root structures, and cells of the pulp-dentin complex.” Root canal anatomy is complex, hence even after mechanical instrumentation, there exists some portions of the root canal that remain untouched. Only instrumentation cannot completely eliminate the microbes existing into the root canal. Hence there is need to additionally irrigate the canals and also using medicaments is required to disinfect the root canal and promote healing. This article aims at focussing on various antibiotics used and role of these materials to disinfect the canals during revascularization treatment.
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V, ANCHANA, SHENVI AKSHATA AJAY, PRAHLAD GADICHERLA, DHANANJAYA G, and PUSHPALATHA C. "COMPARISON OF MANUAL AND ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES FOR REMAINING DENTIN THICKNESS IN PRIMARY TEETH USING CBCT." British Journal of Dental Science Research and Development 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.35288/bjdsrd/01/01/001.
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the residual dentin thickness after manual and rotary instrumentation technique in primary root canals using CBCT. The null hypothesis was that there is no difference in the cleaning efficiency of both manual and rotary technique. Methodology: Manual filing was performed on 30 root canals using stainless steel S-files. Rotary instrumentation was carried out on a further 30 root canals, using rotary ProTaper files in a 300-rotation per minute (r.p.m.) Handpiece (NSK Endomate DT) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The roots were aligned perpendicularly to the beam, and they were scanned before and after instrumentation by using the CBCT operating at 60 kV and 2.5mA. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation measurements of canals were performed by using the Carestream 3D software. Results: When both the manual and rotary methods of canal instrumentation were compared, it was found that the reduction of dentinal thickness with respect to the manual method was more than the rotary method. Conclusions: There was more dentine thickness reduction in manual instrumentation than rotary instrumentation for root canal preparation in primary teeth.
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Ramanathan, Suhashini, and Pradeep Solete. "Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 11 (2015): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1773.
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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the remaining dentin thickness of teeth after cleaning and shaping the root canal using three rotary instrumentation technique using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods This in vitro study is being done with 30 premolar samples with 20’ curvature. The study is divided into three groups a CBCT was taken to measure the shortest distance from the root canal outline to the closest adjacent root surface was measured at each level from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) (1,3, 5 and 7 mm) before and after root canal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different instruments used to prepare curved root canals on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and total amount of dentin removed from root canals during instrumentation by using multi-slice CBCT. The remaining dentin thickness is very much necessary for the success rate of root canal treatment. However, this study helps to prove that a conservative preparation with a sound remaining dentin thickness is much more advisable. Result It was observed that there was a significant difference at 1 and 3 mm (p < 0.05) and at 5 and 7 mm there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Mtwo has removed less amount dentin when compared to ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next system at 1 and 3 mm. Conclusion Under the conditions of the study, we concluded that ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next should be used judiciously, as it causes higher thinning of root dentin of the root when compared with Mtwo. How to cite this article Ramanathan S, Solete P. Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):869-872.
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Balto, Hanan, Fouad Salama, Sultan Al-Mofareh, and Faisal Al-Yahya. "Evaluation of Different Irrigating Solutions on Smear Layer Removal of Primary Root Dentin." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 3 (2015): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1659.
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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the efficacy of ethanolic extract of Salvadora persica (S. persica) and BioPure MTAD (a mixture of a tetracycline isomer, an acid, and a detergent) in removing the intracanal smear layer of primary teeth. Materials and methods The root canal of 40 extracted human primary anterior teeth were cleaned, shaped and grouped into experimental (n = 30) and control (n = 10). The root canals of the positive (n = 5) and the negative control (n = 5) were irrigated for 3 minutes with 5 ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or saline respectively. The canals in the experimental groups were irrigated for 3 minutes with 5 ml of 1 mg/ml ethanolic extract of S. persica (n = 15) or BioPure MTAD (n = 15) and then flushed with 2 ml of saline. The presence or absence of smear layer at the coronal and middle portion of each canal were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results A significant d ifference (p = 0 .004) i n s mear l ayer removal between S. persica and MTAD at the middle third of the canal was observed. MTAD solution was as effective as 17% EDTA in removing the smear layer. Conclusion MTAD was significantly more effective in smear layer removal than S. persica solution at the middle third of the canal wall. Clinical significance Both tested irrigant solutions have the ability to remove the intracanal smear from primary root dentin following cleaning and shaping of the root canal and could be an alternative to EDTA. How to cite this article Balto H, Salama F, Al-Mofareh S, Al-Yahya F. Evaluation of Different Irrigating Solutions on Smear Layer Removal of Primary Root Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):187-191.
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Apostolska, Sonja, Elizabeta Gjorgievska, Vasilka Rendzova, Marina Eftimoska, Rade Zivkovic, and Ivica Stancic. "Adaptability of different canal sealers to the root canal dentin - scanning electron microscopy analysis." Medical review 70, no. 5-6 (2017): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1706141a.
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Introduction. The aim of this in vitro study was to test and analyze the sealing ability of three endodontic materials used for permanent obturation, in between the dentin walls and the gutta-percha points, using a scanning electron microscope. Material and Methods. Forty-five recently extracted single-root teeth, treated by a step-back technique, were divided into three groups (15 teeth in each); the canals were filled with three different permanent obturation materi?als: N2 - zinc oxide root canal cement, Gutta Flow (Coltene), and Endomethasone N (Septodont). Their sealing ability and adhesive properties were analyzed using field emission gun scanning electron microscope, at the time when they were applied between the dentin walls of the canal and the gutta-percha. Results. The results of the scanning electron microscope analysis have shown that all the three sealers have good adhesion properties when used over the root canal walls in the apical third. Good adaptation of the filling used for the root canal walls in the middle and the cervical third was found only in teeth obturated using Gutta Flow, while samples obturated by N2 - zinc oxide root canal cement and Endomethasone showed the weak?est adhesion, and greatest number of cracks between the sealer and the canal wall. Conclusion. When using a single-cone obturation technique, compared to other obturation materials, Gutta Flow shows considerably better adaptation to the root canal wall and the gutta-percha points in the apical, middle, and the cervical third of the root.
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Mitic, Aleksandar, Nadica Mitic, Ilijana Muratovska, Vera Stojanovska, Lidija Popovska, and Vladimir Mitic. "Ultrastructural investigation of root canal dentine surface after application of active ultrasonic method." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, no. 5-6 (2008): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0806226m.
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INTRODUCTION The basic work principle of all ultrasonic techniques is the piezoelectric effect of producing high frequency ultrasounds of small length, which are transmitted over the endodontic extensions or canal instruments into the root canal. When in contact with the tissue, ultrasonic vibrations are converted into mechanical oscillations. Ultrasonic waves and the obtained oscillations along with the synergic effect of irrigation bring about the elimination of smear layer from the root canal walls. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to ultrastucturally examine the effect of smear layer removal from the walls of canals by the application of the active ultrasonic method without irrigation, that is by the application of ultrasound and irrigation using distilled water and 2.5% NaOCl. METHOD The investigation comprised 35 single-canal, extracted human teeth. After removal of the root canal content, experimental samples were divided into three groups. According to the procedure required, the first group was treated by ultrasound without irrigation; the second one by ultrasound with irrigation using distilled water; and the third group was treated by ultrasound and irrigation using 2.5% NaOCl solution. The control samples were treated by machine rotating instruments (Pro-File) and were rinsed by distilled water. RESULTS The obtained results showed that the ultrasonic treatment of the root canal without irrigation did not remove the smear layer. The dentine canals are masked, and big dentine particles are scattered on the intertubular dentine. The ultrasonic treatment by using irrigation with distilled water provides cleaner dentine walls and open dentine tubules but with smaller particles on the intertubular dentine. The ultrasound treatment by using irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl solution provides a clean intertubular dentine surface without a smear layer and clearly open dentine tubules. CONCLUSION Instrumentation of the root canal by application of ultrasound by using NaOCl as irrigation provides a clean dentine surface of the root canal without a smear layer.
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Rosenthal, Sidney, Larz Spångberg, and Kamran Safavi. "Chlorhexidine substantivity in root canal dentin." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 98, no. 4 (October 2004): 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.07.005.
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Yalniz, Hatice, Mehrdad Koohnavard, Aysenur Oncu, Berkan Celikten, Ayse Isil Orhan, and Kaan Orhan. "Comparative evaluation of dentin volume removal and centralization of the root canal after shaping with the ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Gold, and One-Curve instruments using micro-CT." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 15, no. 1 (February 13, 2021): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/joddd.2021.009.
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Background. The main goal of our study was to assess the volume of dentin removed and transportation in root canals using ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Gold (PTG) and One-Curve (OC). Ni-Ti rotary instruments in extracted human teeth using by micro-CT. Methods: Thirty human upper 1st premolar teeth with two separate root canals and sturdy, mature root tips were used in the present study. Specimens were decoronated and root length was standardized for micro CT scanning before root canal preparation done. The teeth were randomly separated into three categories (n = 10) according to the rotary NiTi system used for canal instrumentation, i.e., PTU (Dentsply, Maillefer), PTG (Dentsply, Maillefer), and OC (Micro-Mega SA). After root canal preparation, samples were scanned again on micro-CT by the same scanning parameters. Surface area, canal volume, structure model index (SMI), percentage of uninstrumented area and transportation parameters were obtained for each sample before and after micro-CT analyse. Results: No significant differences between the PTG and PTU in terms of the total volume of removed dentin, surface area and percentage of uninstrumented areas were found. However, regarding to parameters above, OC showed a lower efficacy than PTG and PTU in coronal section. Regarding canal transportation, PTG and OC showed lower mean transportation values at all levels. Conclusion: This paper demonstrated the root canal shaping abilities of the PTU, PTG, and OC NiTi file systems. The PTG and OC systems were associated less canal transportation and a better ability to preserve dentinal walls than PTU. There was no significance different between all rotary file systems for SMI values however, PTU and PTG showed greater canal volume and surface area change than OC file systems in coronal section.
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Hama faraj, Bnar O., and Raid F. Salman. "Root Dentine Strain Generation during Root Canal Instrumentation with Rotation and Reciprocation Motions." Polytechnic Journal 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v10n2y2020.pp66-70.
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The aim of the study is to measure and compare strain generated on root dentine surface by two different instrumentation motions. Thirty extracted single canal premolars were used in this study which randomly was divided into two groups, one group was prepared with ProTaper NEXT X2 file in rotation motion, and the second group was prepared by WaveOne GOLD primary file in reciprocation motion, the canals were irrigated during canal preparation by 2 ml of sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA gel was used. Strain measurement was performed by strain gauges and a digital strain output reader, data were recorded every 5 s for 50 s. The results of this study have shown that WaveOne GOLD had higher mean 0.7308±0.41106 than ProTaper next 0.5385±0.39904 which means WaveOne GOLD generates greater strain than ProTaper NEXT. However, according to Student’s t-test between two groups there is no statistical difference between them. Based on the results of this study, there was no difference between the two motions; both motions generated strain on root dentine surface.
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Somalinga Amardeep, Nikhita, Sandhya Raghu, and Velmurugan Natanasabapathy. "Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Maxillary and Mandibular Canines in Indian Population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography." Anatomy Research International 2014 (May 6, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/731859.
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Aim. To investigate the root canal anatomy of single-rooted permanent maxillary and mandibular canines in an Indian population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methodology. A total of 250 permanent maxillary canines and 250 permanent mandibular canines were selected and scanned using CBCT. The root anatomy of each tooth was evaluated for the following parameters: the pattern of the root canals, anatomic length of the crown and the root, the presence of accessory canals, the shape of the access cavity, the position of the apical foramina, root diameter, and dentin thickness of the root. Results. Majority of the teeth had a Type I canal configuration in both maxillary canines (81.6%) and mandibular canines (79.6%). In maxillary canine the other canal patterns found were Type III (11.6%), Type II (2.8%), Type V (2%), Type XIX (1.2%), and Type IV (0.8%). In mandibular canines the various other canal patterns found were Type III (13.6%), Type II (3.2%), Type V (2%), and Type XIX (1.6%). Apical foramina were laterally positioned in the majority of the teeth, 70.4% and 65.6% in maxillary and mandibular canines, respectively. 12% of the maxillary canines and 12.8% of the mandibular canines had accessory canals. Conclusion. The root canal anatomy of permanent maxillary and mandibular canines varied widely in an Indian population.
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Limongi, Orlando, Diana Santana de Albuquerque, Flares Baratto Filho, José Roberto Vanni, Elias P. Motcy de Oliveira, and Fernando Branco Barletta. "[NO TITLE AVAILABLE]." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 4 (2007): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000400003.
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This in vitro study compared, using computed tomography (CT), the amount of dentin removed from root canal walls by manual and mechanical rotary instrumentation techniques. Forty mandibular incisors with dental crown and a single canal were selected. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups, according to the technique used for root canal preparation: Group I - manual instrumentation with stainless steel files; Group II - mechanical instrumentation with RaCe rotary nickel-titanium instruments. In each tooth, root dentin thickness of the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal surfaces in the apical, middle and cervical thirds of the canal was measured (in mm) using a multislice CT scanner (Siemens Emotion, Duo). Data were stored in the SPSS v. 11.5 and SigmaPlot 2001 v. 7.101 softwares. After crown opening, working length was determined, root canals were instrumented and new CT scans were taken for assessment of root dentin thickness. Pre- and post-instrumentation data were compared and analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test for significant differences (p=0.05). Based on the findings of this study, it may be concluded that regarding dentin removal from root canal walls during instrumentation, neither of the techniques can be considered more effective than the other.
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Eid, Mohamed, Hassan Elsayed, and Medhat Kataia. "THE EFFECT OF THREE ROOT CANAL SEALERS TO ROOT CANAL DENTIN WALLS." Egyptian Dental Journal 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/edj.2016.92646.
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Talabani, Ranjdar Mahmood, Shawbo Muhamad Ahmad, and Arass Jalal Noori. "Conservation of dentin thickness in the root canals orifice following two preparation techniques." Sulaimani dental journal 1, no. 2 (December 2, 2014): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/sdj.10025.
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De, Lima, Giselle Nevares, Felipe Xavier, Ferraz Gominho, and Albuquerque de. "A comparative study of protaper and twisted file nickel titanium instruments in curved canals preparation." Serbian Dental Journal 60, no. 4 (2013): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs1304175d.
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Introduction. Root canal instrumentation is performed to achieve cleaning and shaping with maximum preservation of its original anatomy. However, in curved canals this approach may cause excessive damage or canal transportation. The present study aimed to evaluate changes in dentin wall caused by instrumentation of curved canals using two nickel titanium rotary systems, ProTaper and Twisted File. Material and Methods. Twenty five extracted human mandibular first molars with two separated mesial root canals were selected. Distal roots were amputated and 50 canals (25 mesiobuccal and 25 mesiolingual) were randomly assigned into two groups: group 1 - ProTaper, and group 2 - Twisted File. All files were used with torque control engine, following the manufacturer instructions. The final instruments were F3 (group 1) and #30/.06 (group 2). Pre and postoperative cross sections were obtained from coronal, middle, and apical portions. Changes in dentin wall were measured and evaluated using Bramante method and digital image software. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann Whitney U test (p<0.05). Results. The ammount of dentin removed by ProTaper in cervical and middle canal thirds was significantly greater than with Twisted File (p=0.040 and p=0.043). ProTaper eliminated significantly greater ammount of dentin than Twisted File from mesial wall in coronal sections (p=0.039). Mean differences in distance from the center to other walls were not statistically significant in the middle and apical thirds of both groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. ProTaper system produced greater changes in cross sectional area of the root canal compared to Twisted File system.
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Chersoni, S., G. L. Acquaviva, C. Prati, M. Ferrari, S. Grandini, D. H. Pashley, and F. R. Tay. "In vivo Fluid Movement through Dentin Adhesives in Endodontically Treated Teeth." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 3 (March 2005): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400303.
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Fluid transudation through simplified dentin adhesives can occur in bonded vital crown dentin, since these adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. The effect of adhesive permeability in endodontically treated teeth is unknown. This study examined the hypothesis that in vivo fluid movement through simplified adhesives occurs when they are applied to root canals. Dowel spaces were prepared in endodontically treated teeth with single root canals. Six adhesives were applied to the intra-radicular dentin of canal walls. Impressions were obtained with polyvinyl siloxane, and replicas were fabricated with the use of polyether impression material. Replica hemisections were gold-coated for SEM examination. Fluid transudation was evident on the adhesive surfaces of all simplified total-etch and self-etch adhesives. Conversely, most of the specimens bonded with the control three-step total-etch adhesive were devoid of fluid droplets. Permeability of simplified adhesives results in water movement, even in root-treated dentin. This may adversely affect the coupling of auto-/dual-cured resin cements.
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Goray, Maryna A., Nataliia G. Gadzhula, Olena V. Muntian, Olena L. Cherepakha, and Larysa F. Kurdysh. "COMPARATIVE QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF ROOT CANAL PREPARATION WITH DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF ENDODONTIC INSTRUMENTS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 6 (2020): 1145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202006112.
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The aim: To compare the quality of root canal system preparation with the use of manual K-files, machine Protaper Universal and Silk files by in vitro studies. Materials and methods: Root canals preparation in 45 extracted premolars was performed in three groups with 15 teeth in each with K-files, Protaper Universal and Silk files. Transverse sections of the dental root were prepared. Histologically were assessed: amount of sawdust and predentin remaining, the purity degree of root canal walls. Results: When calculating the sawdust amount at the distance of 3 mm from an apex, a high degree of contamination was observed in the manual K-file group: 53.3% versus 33.3% in the Protaper Universal group and against 20.0% in the Silk file group. The amount of predentin after root canal treatment with manual files reached 25-30%. At the distance of 5 mm from the apex the root canals with high and medium purity degree were detected in 86.7% with Silk files and 80.0% with Protaper Universal files used. All predentin was removed when working with Protaper Universal and Silk files. Conclusions: In the histological sections of the root canals treated with K-files, the larger amount of dentine particles and predentin has been revealed than when using machine tools. The largest amount of predentin and dentine were removed with Protaper Universal files. Silk endodontic system is better for treatment of the root canals dentine surface in the apical area compared to Protaper Universal and K-files.
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Putri Kusuma, Andina Rizkia. "PENGARUH LAMA APLIKASI DAN JENIS BAHAN PENCAMPUR SERBUK KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP KEKERASAN MIKRO DENTIN SALURAN AKAR." ODONTO : Dental Journal 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.3.1.48-54.
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Background: Calcium hydroxide (Ca(0H)2) has a beneficial biological properties as intracanal medicament. However, the direct contact of Ca(OH)2 with the root canal dentine can affect the physical properties and increasing the root fracture risk of treated tooth. This study aimed to determine the effect of application periods Ca(OH)2 mix with glycerin and chlorhexidine digluconate 2% on the micro hardness of root canal dentine.Method: Thirty extracted mandibular first premolars were use in this study. The crowns of the teeth were removed and the canals were prepared with crown- down technique. Each root was sectioned transversely on cervical third of 5 mm thickness and then they were mounted on acrylic resin. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 root segments each. In group IA, IB and IC Ca(0H)2 — glycerin mix were applicated during in a row two weeks contact, four weeks contact and twelve weeks contact. Whereas in group IIA, IIB and IIC Ca(0H)2 - chlorhexidine digluconate 2% mix were applicated during in a row two weeks contact, four weeks contact and twelve weeks contact. During the treatment period, the subjects were kept in an incubator at 37 ° C. Vickers Indenter Microhardness Tester was used to measure the micro hardness of root canal dentine after direct contact with Ca(OH)2 paste.Result: The results showed that the contact periods were effected on dentin micro hardness, while the type of vehicle was not significant.Conclusion: Greatest dentin micro hardness value shown on the application Ca(OH)2 – glycerine paste during two weeks, while the smallest value shown on the application pasta Ca(OH)2 -glycerine during twelve weeks.
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Zivkovic, Slavoljub, Tatjana Brkanic, Dragoslav Dacic, Vanja Opacic, Violeta Pavlovic, and Milica Medojevic. "Smear layer in endodontics." Serbian Dental Journal 52, no. 1 (2005): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0501007z.
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Modern methods of root canal cleaning and filing are causing formation of the smear layer on treated surfaces. The aim of this paper was to review clinical aspect of smear layer in endodontics. Smear layer is the consequence of instrumentation of root canal walls and is consisted of organic and inorganic particles of cut dentine, necrotic and/or vital pulp fragments, microorganisms and their products. Existence of smear layer is affecting permeability of the radicular dentine, thus decreasing effects of canal medicaments and impairing adhesion of obturation materials in root canal. Removal of the smear layer from canal walls is possible with use of various chemical agents, ultrasonic or laser techniques. Regardless to contradictory attitudes and opinions, removing the smear layer is required for possible bacterial contamination, compromised effects of root canal medication and in order to obtain better obturation of canals 'system. .
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Lee, JongKi, Shin-Hoon Lee, Jong-Rak Hong, Kee-Yeon Kum, Soram Oh, Adel Saeed Al-Ghamdi, Fawzi Ali Al-Ghamdi, Ayman Omar Mandorah, Ji-Hyun Jang, and Seok Woo Chang. "Three-Dimensional Analysis of Root Anatomy and Root Canal Curvature in Mandibular Incisors Using Micro-Computed Tomography with Novel Software." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 4385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124385.
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Root canal treatment of mandibular incisor is difficult because of the narrow pulp space and apical curvature. The aim of this study was to measure the anatomical indicators of the mandibular incisors in Koreans using micro-computed tomography (MCT) with novel software (Kappa 2). The MCT-scanned data from 27 mandibular incisors were reconstructed and analyzed. For each canal, 3-dimensional (3D) surface models were re-sliced at 0.1 mm intervals perpendicular to the central axis of the root canal. Root canal width, dentine thickness, and direction and degree of root canal curvatures were measured automatically on each slice. Measurements were analyzed statistically with Bhapkar test, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Labial and lingual dentine thicknesses were significantly larger than mesial and distal thicknesses (p < 0.001). The thinnest dentine was mainly located on the mesio-lingual side of the canals in the apical third. The mean narrowest and widest canal width in the apical sixth were 0.22 mm and 0.40 mm, respectively. The canal curvature abruptly increased in the apical 0.5-mm portion. MCT with novel software provided useful anatomical information for root canal instrumentation.
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Brkanic, Tatjana, Ivana Stojsin, Karolina Vukoje, and Slavoljub Zivkovic. "Scanning electron microscopy investigation of canal cleaning after canal preparation with nickel titanium files." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, no. 9-10 (2010): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1010551b.
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Introduction. Root canal preparation is the most important phase of endodontic procedure and it consists of adequate canal space cleaning and shaping. In recent years, rotary instruments and techniques have gained importance because of the great efficacy, speed and safety of the preparation procedure. Objective. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of different NiTi files on the canal wall cleaning quality, residual dentine debris and smear layer. Methods. The research was conducted on extracted human teeth in vitro conditions. Teeth were divided in 7 main groups depending on the kind of instruments used for root canal preparation: ProTaper, GT, ProFile, K-3, FlexMaster, hand ProTaper and hand GT. Root canal preparation was accomplished by crown-down technique. Prepared samples were assessed on scanning electron microscopy JEOL, JSM-6460 LV. The evaluation of dentine debris was done with 500x magnification, and the evaluation of smear layer with 1,000 times magnification. Quantitive assessment of dentine debris and smear layer was done according to the criteria of Hulsmann. Results. The least amount of debris and smear layer has been found in canals shaped with ProFile instruments, and the largest amount in canals shaped with FlexMaster instruments. Canal cleaning efficacy of hand GT and ProTaper files has been similar to cleaning efficacy of rotary NiTi files. Statistic analysis has shown a significant difference in amount of dentine debris and smear layer on the canal walls between sample groups shaped with different instruments. Conclusion. Completely clean canals have not been found in any tested group of instruments. The largest amount of debris and smear layer has been found in the apical third of all canals. The design and the type of endodontic instruments influence the efficacy of the canal cleaning.
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Cabanillas, Cristina, Manuel Monterde, Antonio Pallarés, Susana Aranda, and Raquel Montes. "Assessment Using AutoCAD Software of the Preparation of Dentin Walls in Root Canals Produced by 4 Different Endodontic Instrument Systems." International Journal of Dentistry 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/517203.
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Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of four instrument systems for preparing oval root canals: manual instrumentation (Step-Back technique), ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and Wave One.Material and Methods. For the purpose of this assessment, 60 teeth extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons, specifically canines and premolars with full coronal and root anatomy, were used and 15 samples were assigned to each group. The section of the canals was compared before and after instrumenting and the section of untouched canal wall was measured using AutoCAD software. The data was analysed by means of Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.Results. In the apical third, 100% of the canals were prepared with all the systems. In the middle third, apvalue of 0.5989 in the Kruskal-Wallis test was obtained, which indicates no significant difference between the groups. At the coronal third level, the results obtained revealed that Wave One had a significantly lower mean average than the rest (p<0.05).Conclusions. There are no differences between the various root canal instrument systems in the apical and middle thirds. At the coronal third level, Wave One system showed performance significantly worse than the rest, among which there were no differences.
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Bojar, Witold, and Witold Walke. "FEM Analysis of Lower Premolar Root Canal Filling." Solid State Phenomena 183 (December 2011): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.183.17.
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Materials utilizing dentin adhesive technology were developed to provide more effective seal of a root canal. The combined use of new bondable root filling materials and self-adhesive sealers may increase the fracture resistance of filled canals. The null hypothesis of a positive influence on tooth biomechanics by a modern root canal filling material was tested in this study. In order to determine the strength characteristics of the analyzed endodontically treated human tooth the FEM (finite element method) was applied. Lower premolar was used to create a three dimensional model. Its canal was obturated using vertical compaction technique, gutta-percha and resin sealer, access opening was filled with composite resins. Strain analysis of the several elements of the tooth restoration does not allow attributing positive influence of contemporary obturating materials on mechanical properties of root canal dentin. Hypothetically, such an influence would have a filling material with comparable to dentin modulus of elasticity and flexural strength. It was also stated that loading the tooth with 250 N had an effect on increasing the tensions on the interface between filling material – sealer – canal wall. The stresses exceeded 4 MPa, reaching in extreme areas 10 MPa, what practically outweigh adhesion strength of modern root canal sealers. This phenomenon may provoke detachment of a filling from canal walls and therefore led to bacterial leakage. Results of this biomechanical analysis of the endodontically treated human premolar are valuable for a proper evaluation of mechanical properties of modern endodontic filling materials.
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Iwanami, Makiko, Takatomo Yoshioka, Mitsuhiro Sunakawa, Chihiro Kobayashi, and Hideaki Suda. "Spreading of root canal irrigants on root dentine." Australian Endodontic Journal 33, no. 2 (August 2007): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4477.2007.00051.x.
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ERDEMIR, A., H. ARI, H. GUNGUNES, and S. BELLI. "Effect of Medications for Root Canal Treatment on Bonding to Root Canal Dentin." Journal of Endodontics 30, no. 2 (February 2004): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200402000-00013.
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Gutie´rrez, J. H., E. Donoso, F. Villena, and A. Jofre´. "Diffusion of medicaments within root canal dentin." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 72, no. 3 (September 1991): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(91)90232-2.
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She, C. M. L., G. S. P. Cheung, and C. F. Zhang. "Long-Term Follow-Up of a Revascularized Immature Necrotic Tooth Evaluated by CBCT." Case Reports in Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4982458.
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This case study reports the successful treatment of an immature upper premolar with periapical pathosis and sinus tract using revascularization technique. Clinical and radiographic examination demonstrated the recovery of vitality, continued root development, and periapical healing at the 7-month follow-up. In addition, severe calcification of the canal was noted at the 36-month follow-up. At the 66-month follow-up, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed complete periapical healing, apical closure, increase in root length and thickness of dentin, and severe calcification of the root canal. Even though the nature of tissue within the root canal is unknown, revascularization appears to give good clinical and radiographic success. This case report highlights that severe calcification of the canal is one of the long-term outcomes of revascularized root canals.
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Jadhav, Sameer, Shweta Bagmar, Vignesh Dixit, and Vijay Kumar L. Shiraguppi. "To Evaluate and Compare Effect of Calcium Hydroxide with Different Vehicles on the Mineral Content of Root Dentin: An EDAX Analysis." World Journal of Dentistry 5, no. 3 (2014): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1282.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare effect of calcium hydroxide with different vehicles on the mineral content of root dentin—an EDAX analysis, after 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Materials and methods Seventy-five freshly extracted single rooted teeth were selected for study and randomly divided into 5 groups. An access to the root canal of all teeth was prepared using a round and cylindrical bur (Mani Inc.). Canals were instrumented with stainless steel K file (Dentsply Maillefer, Johnson City, TN) so that the file extended beyond the apical foramen by 1 mm. And then canals were prepared to a size F2 with hand proTaper (Dentsply Maillefer, Johnson City, TN). Copious irrigation with sterile saline was done. Sample of group 1—were sealed apically with bonded composite resin and coronally with cotton pellet and bonded composite resin. Samples of group 2—were filled with thick slurry made with calcium hydroxide and saline using lentulo spiral (Henry Schein). To ensure intimate contact with the canal walls, excess calcium hydroxide was intentionally extruded past the apex. Root canals were sealed apically and coronally in the same manner as in previous group. Samples of group 3—Calcigel (water based calcium hydroxide, Prevest Denpro Ltd), group 4—Metapex (oil based calcium hydroxide, Meta BioMed) and group 5—Calcium hydroxide and propylene glycol, were prepared in the same manner as previous group. The samples were maintained at room temperature and 100% humidity in incubator. After 7 days, 5 samples from each group were removed from incubator and the roots were vertically sectioned into 1 mm thick specimen with water cooled diamond disk. Each section of sample was then evaluated under EDAX. After 14th and 21st day 5 samples of each group were removed and tested in same manner as mentioned previously. How to cite this article Bagmar S, Jadhav S, Hegde V, Dixit V, Shiraguppi VKL. To Evaluate and Compare Effect of Calcium Hydroxide with Different Vehicles on the Mineral Content of Root Dentin: An EDAX Analysis. World J Dent 2014;5(3):170-173.
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Aslan, Tuğrul, Yakup Üstün, Burak Sağsen, İbrahim Şener, Eda Biricik, and Şifa Tatlı. "The Effects of Antioxidant Application and Time Factor on Fiber Post Bonding to Root Dentin after Intracoronal Bleaching." International Dental Research 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2018.vol8.no1.4.
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Aim: The aim was to evaluate the effects of antioxidant application and delayed cementation on the bond strength of fiber posts after intracoronal bleaching.
Methodology: Fifty-five maxillary central incisors were used. Root canals were enlarged using Reciproc system up to R40 instrument. Root canals were irrigated, dried with paper-points, and obturated with gutta-percha and a sealer. In 44 teeth, root canal fillings were removed 2-mm coronally and canal orificies were sealed with glass-ionomer-cement. A 37% CP gel was used to bleach the teeth. Five experimental groups were defined (n=11). G1: No bleaching, G2: Immediate FPC, G3: Immediate FPC after SA application, G4: 14-days delayed FPC, G5: 14-days delayed FPC after SA application. Push-out tests were performed. Statistical interpretations were made (α=0.05).
Results: There was no significant difference among the groups in apical thirds (p>0.05). However, significant differences were detected among the groups in middle and coronal thirds (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The 14-days delayed cementation seems to be a more reliable method than the SA application before FPC procedure after intracoronal bleaching.
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Anbari, Fahimeh, Mehrnaz Asfia, Gelareh Forouzani, and Katayoun Talebi Rafsanjan. "Effect of an 810 nm Diode Laser on the Healing of a Periapical Abscess." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 12 (February 14, 2021): e3-e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.03.
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Introduction: The golden standard of the treatment of radicular cysts is mainly root canal therapy or surgical excision with apicectomy. The root canals are usually disinfected by the mechanical and chemical actions of instruments and chemical irrigating solutions respectively. To improve the efficacy of the root canal disinfection process, many techniques have been used and many researchers are still trying to reach the quickest and most convenient way to achieve this goal. Diode lasers have shown antibacterial activity on dentinal tubules, and they can penetrate more than 1000 μm into the dentin. Case Presentation: Our patient was a 25-year-old female with an infraorbital abscess caused by a non-vital maxillary canine with periapical radiolucency. After completing the conventional treatment, the optical fiber was inserted into the canal according to the working length previously measured. An 810 nm diode laser at the output power of 4 W was used to irradiate the root canals, with a 300 μm fiber. The patient was free of pain within a few days. The lesion was resolved in radiographic follow-ups, 3 and 6 months after the root canal treatment. Conclusion: A combination of conventional root canal therapy and an 810 nm diode laser is an effective treatment for non-vital teeth with periapical lesions.
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Sadeghi Mahounak, Farzaneh, Mahdi Abbasi, Naghmeh Meraji, Maryam Rezazadeh Sefideh, Mohammad Javad Kharrazi Fard, Elham Ahmadi, and Ladan Ranjbar Omrani. "Effect of Root Dentin Pretreatment on Micro-Push-Out Bond Strength of Fiber Posts to Root Canal Dentin: Cold Atmospheric Argon Plasma (CAAP) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA)." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (May 28, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571480.
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Purpose. Debonding from the root canal dentin is the most common failure mode of fiber posts. This study aimed to assess the effects of cold atmospheric argon plasma (CAAP) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on micro-push-out bond strength of fiber posts to root canal dentin. Materials and Methods. Forty maxillary canine teeth were decoronated, underwent endodontic treatment, and were stored in an incubator for 7 days. After post space preparation, the teeth were randomly divided into four groups for different surface treatments: (I) saline, (II) 17% EDTA, (III) CAAP, and (IV) 17% EDTA + CAAP. Fiber posts (Whitepost no. 2, FGM) were cemented into the root canals using Panavia F2.0 resin cement, and 1 mm-thick sections were made at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the roots. The samples underwent micro-push-out bond strength test. The mode of failure was also determined under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). The mode of failure data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results. The mean micro-push-out bond strength of fiber posts was not significantly different in the four groups ( P > 0.05 ). However, the bond strength values in the coronal third were significantly higher than the corresponding values in the apical third ( P = 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in the modes of failure between the groups ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Application of CAAP alone or in combination with 17% EDTA could not successfully increase the bond strength of fiber posts to root canal dentin.
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Prati, Carlo, Fausto Zamparini, Andrea Spinelli, Gian Andrea Pelliccioni, Chiara Pirani, and Maria Giovanna Gandolfi. "Secondary Root Canal Treatment with Reciproc Blue and K-File: Radiographic and ESEM-EDX Analysis of Dentin and Root Canal Filling Remnants." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (June 18, 2020): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061902.
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Secondary root canal treatment requires the complete removal of filling materials with different chemical-physical properties. A newly developed single-use NiTi instrument (Reciproc Blue, RB) may be more effective in root canal retreatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate morphology and composition of remnants after retreatment with RB compared to traditional K-File technique, in canals obturated with Thermafil/AH Plus. Twenty-four single-rooted human teeth were shaped with NiTi obturated with AH-Plus/Thermafil and retreated using RB NiTi instruments or manual K-Files. Radiographs were taken to evaluate endodontic space and radiopacity of residual filling-material before/after procedures. After retreatment, samples were longitudinally split and observed by environmental scanning electron microscopy connected to energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (ESEM-EDX) to analyze the debris/remnant position, microchemistry, and dentinal surface morphology. Time for retreatments was recorded and compared using one-way ANOVA (p-value = 0.05). Radiopaque filling residuals were found in both groups. RB system resulted statistically faster than manual K-File in retreatment procedure (p < 0.001). Root canal space radiographic appearance obtained after retreatment with RB was wider than K-File (p < 0.05). ESEM-EDX revealed 4 different morphological dentin area. Area-1: debris-free with typical Ca, P, and N composition of dentin and detected in 70% of the surface. Area-2: presence of deproteinized smear layer free from N and debris in 15% of the surface. Area-3: a thick packed smear layer N-free and with fine debris consisting of trace elements from sealer in 10% of the surface. Area-4: packed with debris and trace elements. No difference was observed between both instruments regarding root canal space appearance and ESEM-EDX analysis. Both systems were able to remove filling material but created a dentine morphology composed of packed debris and filling materials embedded into the smear layer. Dentin surface composition resulted in collagen depleted by irrigation procedures. The reciprocating system required less time to complete retreatment.
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Singh, Prabath, Madhu Hariharan, Anju Varughese, Arjun B. Ravi, Kaushik Haridas, and Krishnan Venugopal. "Comparative Evaluation of Microcrack Formation in Different Kinematics Using Rotary and Reciprocating File Systems: An In Vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 21, no. 12 (2020): 1389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2981.
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ABSTRACT Aim and objective To compare root microcrack formation after root canal preparation using ProTaper Next in rotation or forward reciprocation and Waveone gold in reverse reciprocating motion. Materials and methods Buccal roots of 60 maxillary premolars with mature apices were selected, for different instrumentation techniques and divided into three groups. Coronal access was achieved and the canals were confirmed for apical patency. The canals were then instrumented using the following instrumentation techniques: ProTaper Next in rotation or forward reciprocation or Waveone gold in reverse reciprocation. The tooth was then subjected to sectioning using a diamond saw under water cooling and then was visualized under the stereomicroscope for dentinal microcrack. Results The results showed that the maximum dentinal microcrack formed at apical 3 and 6 mm was in Waveone gold in reverse reciprocation followed by ProTaper Next in forward reciprocation and rotation. However, the p value was found to be not significant at 3 and 6 mm (p value—0.082 and 0.23). Conclusion Nickle titanium rotary instruments tend to induce varied degrees of root dentinal damage during canal instrumentation. ProTaper Next files in rotation as well as forward reciprocation presented with minimal microcrack defects when compared with Waveone gold. Clinical significance Root canal preparation, when performed by manual or engine-driven techniques, has shown to produce structural defects in the root dentin. One of the causes of failures in root canal treatment is because of fracture in the dentin that occurs due to these procedures. Though all the motion kinematics caused microcracks in this study, it was seen that rotational motion produced the least structural damage to the dentin. How to cite this article Haridas K, Hariharan M, Singh P, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Microcrack Formation in Different Kinematics Using Rotary and Reciprocating File Systems: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(12):1389–1392.
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Abada, H. M., A. M. Farag, H. A. Alhadainy, and A. M. Darrag. "Push-out bond strength of different root canal obturation systems to root canal dentin." Tanta Dental Journal 12, no. 3 (September 2015): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tdj.2015.05.006.
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Abu Zeid, Sawsan T. H., Monazah G. Khafagi, and Ensanya A. Abou Neel. "Effect of root canal medications on maturation and calcification of root canal dentin’ hydroxyapatite." Spectroscopy Letters 49, no. 2 (October 23, 2015): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00387010.2015.1099109.
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Subroto, Monika Prima Dewi Ayuningtyas, Ema Mulyawati, and Pribadi Santoso. "Pasak Customized Fiber Reinforced Composite Indirect pada Gigi Incisivus Lateralis Kiri Atas dengan Dinding Saluran Akar yang Tipis." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.9030.
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Gigi pasca perawatan saluran akar (PSA) biasanya mengalami kehilangan struktur gigi yang luas oleh karena karies, faktor iatrogenik, restorasi sebelumnya dan fraktur. Pengurangan dentin di dalam saluran akar akan menyebabkan saluran akar menjadi tipis, sehingga restorasi konvensional dengan pasak logam dapat menyebabkan fraktur akar. Untuk meminimalkan fraktur akar tersebut, telah dikenal pasak fiber yang memiliki modulus elastisitas yang sama dengan dentin. Pada saluran akar yang lebar dan ireguler serta struktur mahkota yang minimal, dibutuhkan pasak customized fiber reinforced composite dengan inti yang dapat memperkuat struktur gigi yang sudah lemah. Studi kasus ini melaporkankasus restorasi gigi non vital pasca PSA dengan dinding saluran akar tipis, yang berhasil dirawat dengan customized fiber reinforced composite indirect. Seorang pasien wanita usia 27 tahun dirujuk ke Bagian Konservasi Gigi karena mengalami over instrumentasi saluran pasak pada gigi incisivus lateralis kiri atas. Pada pemeriksaan radiograf, tampakdinding saluran akar sangat tipis. Restorasi ini dilakukan dalam 3 kali kunjungan. Pada kunjungan pertama dilakukan pencetakan saluran pasak dengan teknik double impression. Pasak customized fiber reinforced composit indirect, dibuat dalam cetakan saluran pasak menggunakan resin komposit Premise Indirect (Kerr) yang diperkuat dengan pita fiber (Construct, Kerr). Inti dan pasak yang sudah dibentuk, disinar menggunakan Light Cure selama 20 detik di setiap sisi, lalu polimerisasi disempurnakan dengan oven selama 20 menit. Pada kunjungan kedua dilakukan insersi pasak dan pencetakan mahkota jaket dengan teknik double impression. Pada kunjungan ketiga dilakukan insersi mahkota jaket. Gigi non vital pasca PSA dengan dinding saluran pasak yang tipis dapat direstorasi dengan customized fiber reinforcedcomposite indirect dengan baik. Indirect Customized Fiber Reinforced Composite Post In Upper Left Lateralis Incisivus With Thin-Walled Root. Excessive tooth structure loss after root canal treatment is usually present due to caries lesion, iatrogenic factor, previous restoration, and fracture. Intra-radicular dentin removal during root canal treatment may result in thin root canal wall structures, therefore conventional restoration using metallic post frequently leads to irreparable root fractures. In order to minimize the root fracture risk, fiber post has been known as an ideal choice because of its similar modulus elasticity characteristic to dentin. The wide and irregular root canal accompanied with minimum remaining tooth structure needs a customized fiber reinforced composite post to strengthen the preserved tooth structure. This article reports a succesfulrestoration of a non vital post root canal treatment tooth with thin root canal walls using indirect customized fiber-reinforced composite post. A 27-year-old female patient with over instrumentation in root canal of the upper left lateral incisor was referred to the Department of Conservative Dentistry. The radiograph examination finds that there was a very thin wall of the remaining root canal structure. The restoration was carried out in 3 visits. In the first visit, post canal impression was obtained using double impression technique. Indirect customized fiber reinforced composite post was made in the mold using composite resin Premise Indirect (Kerr) reinforced with fiber band (Construct, Kerr). The formed post and core were light cured for 20 seconds, and then refined by oven polymerization for 20 minutes. In the second visit, the post was inserted and crown impression was obtained using double impression technique. In the third visit, the jacket crown was inserted. The root canal treated tooth with remaining thin post canal wall could be restored with indirect customized fiber reinforced composite.
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Yuanita, Tamara. "The cleanliness differences of root canal walls after irrigated with East Java propolis extract and sodium hypoclorite solutions." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 50, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i1.p6-9.
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Background: Root canal instrumentation produces smear layer that covers dentine tubules of the root canal surface. Smear layer is organic and inorganic particles that have to be removed. East Java propolis extracts contais of saponin components used as a natural surfactant. 2.5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl solutions have been widely used for irrigation in root canal treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the cleanliness of the root canal walls, irrigated with aquadest, 8% East Java propolis extract, 2.5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl. Method: Forty extracted teeth with straight single root canals were randomly divided into four groups(n=10). The specimens were prepared with ProTaper. During instrumentation, the root canals were irrigated with different solutions: Control Group irrigated with aquadest; Group 1 irrigated with 8% East Java propolis extract; Group 2 irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and Group 3 irrigated with 5% NaOCl. The root canals were cut at apical third and SEM scores were tested by using Mann-Whitney test at the significance level of p=0.05 and Median Control test. Result: The results of Mann-Whitney Test, there were significant differences between control group with Group 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Based on the Median Control test, the value of 8% East Java propolis extracts was 1,000, which was the best value compared to 2.5% NaOCl, 5% NaOCl and aquadest. Conclusion: It can be concluded that 8% East Java propolis extract is the most effective solution for cleaning root canal walls compared with 2.5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl.
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Webber, Mariana Benedetti Ferreira, Paula Bernardon, Fabiana M. G. França, Flávia L. B. Amaral, Roberta T. Basting, and Cecilia Pedroso Turssi. "Oval Versus Circular-Shaped Root Canals: Bond Strength Reached with Varying Post Techniques." Brazilian Dental Journal 29, no. 4 (August 2018): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201801937.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the bond strength (BS) of glass fiber posts (GFP) luted to oval and circular-shaped root canals rehabilitated using varying post techniques, at different intraradicular levels. Ninety 16-mm-long roots of human mandibular premolars, classified either as having oval or circular-shaped canals, were endodontically treated and prepared for restoration using one of three different post techniques (n=15): 1) single GFP; 2) resin-relined GFP; 3) main GFP associated with accessory posts. GFPs were luted with a dual polymerizing resin cement (RelyX ARC) after the canal had been treated with a 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Adper Scothbond Multipurpose). The samples were sectioned into three 1-mm-thick sections, which were differentiated by the root level (cervical, middle and apical) and tested for push-out BS. Assessment of failure mode was made under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using repeated measures three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. The root canal cross-section had a significant influence on BS (p<0.001), with the lowest values being observed in oval-shaped canals. The post technique also significantly affected the BS (p=0.018), with the resin-relined GFPs providing the highest BS values in both oval and circular-shaped canals. Irrespective of the cross-section of the root canal and post technique, there was no significant difference in BS in the cervical, middle and apical third of the root canal (p=0.084). In oval-shaped canals, the BS to intraradicular dentin at cervical, middle or apical level could be increased when the GFPs posts were relined.
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Deardorf, Kevin A., Marjorie L. Swartz, Carl W. Newton, and Cecil E. Brown. "Effect of root canal treatments on dentin permeability." Journal of Endodontics 20, no. 1 (January 1994): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-2399(06)80017-8.
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Mishra, Navin, and Isha Narang. "Bio-reconstruction of root canal using dentin post." Saudi Endodontic Journal 3, no. 2 (2013): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1658-5984.118158.
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Deepak, BS, T. Sophia, J. Deepa, and GK Mallikarjun. "The concept of monobloc in Endodontic - A review." CODS Journal of Dentistry 6, no. 2 (2014): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/cods-6-2-83.
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Abstract The creation of a homogenous filling within the root canal has always been one of the most sought after objectives in the field of Endodontics. While conventional root canal filling materials have given predictable results, the pursuit of developing alternative sealers or techniques that bond simultaneously to canal wall dentin as well as filling materials has continued. Breakthroughs in dentin adhesive technology in the recent past have built a new generation of bondable root canal sealers and post systems. Thus arose the concept of monoblocs, with its purported advantages of simultaneously improving the seal and fracture resistance of the filled canals. The added advantages of reduced application steps and overall improvements in their user friendliness led to the aggressive marketing of materials claiming to achieve the ‘monobloc effect’. On the other hand the credibility of this concept in practice has launched controversial discussions. This review attempts to throw light on the various dimensions of the concept of monoblocs as well as to scrutinize the potential of various root canal filling materials to create monoblocs. How to cite this article Sophia T, Deepak BS, Deepa J, Mallikarjun GK. The concept of monobloc in Endodontics - A review. CODS J Dent 2014;6;83-89