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1
Nanavati, Komal, Farhin Katge, Manohar Poojari, Shilpa Shetty, and Aishwarya Kamble. "Comparative Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris during Pulpectomy Procedure in Primary Molar Teeth Using Two Different Rotary Systems and Hand Files: An In Vitro Study." International Journal of Dentistry 2022 (June 6, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9433225.
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Background. Successful outcome of endodontic treatment depends on chemomechanical preparation of the tooth. However, during canal preparation, debris may extrude through the apical foramen causing postoperative complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the amount of apically extruded debris during the pulpectomy procedure in primary molar teeth using two different rotary files and hand files. Materials and Methods. Distal roots of sixty extracted primary molars were divided into three groups: group A: Prime Pedo™ pediatric rotary files, group B: DXL-Pro Pedo™ pediatric rotary files, and group C: hand files. Myers and Montgomery experimental model was used. Preweighed Eppendorf tubes were used to collect apically extruded debris. The tubes were then placed in an incubator at 70°C for 5 days. The weight of the debris attained was determined. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test. Results. Hand files produced more apical debris extrusion ( P < 0.05 ). Prime Pedo™ pediatric rotary files produced the least debris ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Prime Pedo™ and DXL-Pro Pedo™ pediatric rotary files extruded significantly lower amount of debris apically during pulpectomy as compared to hand files. Rotary files can be considered an alternative to hand files in pediatric endodontics.
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Pitchiah, Pragadeesh A., and Prathima G. Shivashankarappa. "Rotary Files in Pediatric Dentistry: From Then Till Now." Journal of Scientific Dentistry 10, no. 2 (2020): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10083-0926.
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ABSTRACT The introduction of adult NiTi rotary file system for children was a revolution in the field of pediatric endodontics. With the use of these files, cost-effective, consistent obturations were made possible in shorter instrumentation time. The various restraints of adult rotary files such as file length and taper created the need for newer rotary file system. These voids were fulfilled with the advent of exclusive pediatric rotary file—Kedo-S file system. In this article, we have discussed how the innovative pediatric rotary files have made its mark overpowering the limitations of the existing adult rotary file system in children. How to cite this article: Pitchiah PA, Shivashankarappa PG. Rotary Files in Pediatric Dentistry: From Then Till Now. J Sci Dent 2020;10(2):55–57.
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Rajkhan, Wael Hisham, Abdullah Hussain Alasmari, Abduljalil Bader Alhadi, Abrar Zainalabiddin Alharbi, Nwaf Mohammed Khwaji, Remaz Fahad Alannaz, Hassan Awadh Alshehri, et al. "Rotary endodontic files versus manual files for root canal treatment." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 10 (September 27, 2021): 5113. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213688.
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Many studies have been published to compare the efficacy of root canal filling with either rotary and manual instrumentation. The most commonly reported factors included instrumentation, obturation time and to obturation quality. Besides, the different studies in the literature have used different assessment tools and parameters of their outcomes. In addition, to using different rotary instrumentation techniques. In thisliterature review, we have formulated strong evidence regarding the effectiveness of rotary and manual instrumentation files for root canal filling based on the findings from the current studies in the literature. Our results indicate the effectiveness of rotary instrumentation in reducing the root canal instrumentation time and enhancing the obturation and filling quality as compared to the manual instrumentation techniques. Our findings also indicate the potential variability in the effectiveness between the different rotary instrumentation techniques. However, it was not an area of concentration among the different studies in the literature. Thus, to formulate such evidence, further relevant investigations to this topic might be required. Finally, we recommend that rotary endodontic files should be indicated for the root canal filling settings to obtain better outcomes and alleviate the associated quality of work.
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Amit Gandhi and Taru Gandhi. "Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of hand Protaper files and rotary Protaper files by using micro computed tomography." RSBO 8, no. 4 (December 28, 2012): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v8i4.1085.
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Introduction and objective: The aim of the present study was to compare root canal preparation with rotary ProTaper files and hand ProTaper files to find a better instrumentation technique for maintaining root canal geometry with the aid of computed tomography. Material and methods: Twenty curved root canals with at least 10 degree of curvature were divided into 2 groups of 10 teeth each. In group I the canals were prepared with hand ProTaper files and in group II the canals were prepared with rotary ProTaper files. Image analysis was performed at four levels 4mm, 6mm, 9mm, and 12mm from the root apex to assess changes in canal transportation and centering ratio using computed tomography (CT). Results: Data suggest that rotary ProTaper files presented the best outcomes for both variables evaluated. Rotary ProTaper files caused lesser transportation and remained better centered in the canal than hand ProTaper files. Conclusion: The canal preparation in natural teeth with rotary Protaper files showed lesser transportation and better centering ration than hand ProTaper files.
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Dr, Neeta S. Padmawar, Aparna Palekar Dr, Savita Thakkannavar Dr, Shridhar Shetty Dr, Shilpa Pharande Dr, and Swati Pustake Dr. "Pediatric Rotary Files: Evolution to Revolution." International Journal of pharma and Bio Sciences 11, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22376/ijpbs/lpr.2021.11.6.l14-19.
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The main goal of pulp therapy in primary dentition is to preserve the primary tooth thus protecting future normal occlusion. Routinely, pulp debridement and canal shaping are done by manual H-files, K-files, Broach, etc. Manual instrumentation may be time- consuming, thus impacting the behaviour of the child negatively. Thus arises the need for alternate instrumentation which will reduce the time required for treatment with better treatment outcomes. In 1988, Walia et al. introduced Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti), which revolutionized the discipline of Endodontics. These Ni-Ti files have advantage of shape memory and super elasticity thus improving the canal preparation and resulting in better shaped canals. In 2002, for first time Barr et al reported the use of rotary Ni-Ti files for the therapeutic purpose during Pulpectomy procedure in pediatric patient. He observed better acceptance by pediatric patient and good quality obturation. Till 2016, pulpectomy procedures were accomplished by the combination of hand files and adult rotary files. Adult rotary files are designed according to the morphology for permanent teeth and adult jaw size, thus the use of adult rotary files are in primary teeth may result in lateral perforation due to softer dentine of roots of primary teeth and may cause discomfort to the child thus making child unco-operative. But in 2016, Ganesh et al., pioneered the specialization of Paediatric Endodontics with his invention of specially designed rotary files. Their shape was specially designated for application in tortuous canals of primary teeth. Presently, a variety of pediatric rotary files like Kedo-STM (India), Pro AF Baby GoldTM (India),PrimePedoTM (India), DXL-ProPedoTM (India), NeolixTM (France),Denco® Kids files (China) and, Sani® Kid rotary files (China). This review is an album of these newer files and clinical and in-vitro research on them.
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Faus-Llácer, Vicente, Nirmine Hamoud-Kharrat, María Teresa Marhuenda Ramos, Ignacio Faus-Matoses, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, Celia Ruiz Sánchez, and Vicente Faus-Matoses. "Influence of the Geometrical Cross-Section Design on the Dynamic Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of NiTi Endodontic Rotary Files—An In Vitro Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 4713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204713.
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The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the influence of the geometrical cross-section design on the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of NiTi endodontic rotary files. Materials and Methods: Forty sterile endodontic rotary files were selected and distributed into the following study groups: A: 25.06 double S-shaped cross-section NiTi alloy endodontic rotary files (Mtwo) (n = 10); B: 20.04 rectangular cross-section NiTi alloy endodontic rotary files (T Pro E1) (n = 10); C: 25.04 convex triangular cross-section NiTi alloy endodontic rotary files (T Pro E2) (n = 10); and D: 25.06 triangular cross-section NiTi alloy endodontic rotary files (T Pro E4) (n = 10). A cyclic fatigue device was used to conduct the static cyclic fatigue tests with stainless steel artificial root canal systems with 200 µm and 250 µm apical diameter, 60° curvature angle, 3 mm radius of curvature, 20 mm length, and 4% and 8% taper. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA test and Weibull statistical analysis. Results: All the pairwise comparisons presented statistically significant differences between the time to failure and number of cycles to failure for the cross-section design study groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: the double S-shaped cross-section of Mtwo NiTi endodontic files shows higher cyclic fatigue resistance than the rectangular cross-section of T Pro E1 NiTi endodontic files, the convex triangular cross-section of T Pro E2 NiTi endodontic files, and the triangular cross-section of T Pro E4 NiTi endodontic files.
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Srinivas, Abhinaya, LGanesh Jeevanandan, Lavanya Govindaraju, and Erulappan Muthu Ganapathi Subramanian. "Comparative Evaluation of The Efficacy Of Rotary file system (Kedo-S) Vs Hand K-Files In Root Canal Preparation Of Primary Teeth Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) - An In Vitro Study." Brazilian Dental Science 22, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2019.v22i2.1705.
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Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of rotary Kedo-S and hand K-files in shaping ability in primary canines using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted primary maxillary and mandibular canines were selected. Using cone beam computed tomography the teeth were scanned before instrumentation. In Group I, the teeth were prepared using stainless steel K file up to the size of 40. In the Group II teeth, U1 size Kedo-S rotary file was used in crown down technique. The instrumented teeth were scanned again with cone beam computed tomography and the images were compared. Results: The canal taper was more conical for rotary Kedo-S files as compared to K-files, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Canal preparation with Rotary files resulted in more conical canals when compared to manual instrumentation in primary teeth that contributes to more uniform obturation.KeywordsCBCT; Hand K-files; Kedo-S file system; Primary teeth; Pulpectomy; Rotary instrumentation.
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Jeevanandan, Ganesh, and Eapen Thomas. "Volumetric analysis of hand, reciprocating and rotary instrumentation techniques in primary molars using spiral computed tomography: An in vitro comparative study." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 01 (January 2018): 021–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_247_17.
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ABSTRACT Objective: This present study was conducted to analyze the volumetric change in the root canal space and instrumentation time between hand files, hand files in reciprocating motion, and three rotary files in primary molars. Materials and Methods: One hundred primary mandibular molars were randomly allotted to one of the five groups. Instrumentation was done using Group I; nickel–titanium (Ni-Ti) hand file, Group II; Ni-Ti hand files in reciprocating motion, Group III; Race rotary files, Group IV; prodesign pediatric rotary files, and Group V; ProTaper rotary files. The mean volumetric changes were assessed using pre- and post-operative spiral computed tomography scans. Instrumentation time was recorded. Statistical analysis to access intergroup comparison for mean canal volume and instrumentation time was done using Bonferroni-adjusted Mann-Whitney test and Mann–Whitney test, respectively. Results: Intergroup comparison of mean canal volume showed statistically significant difference between Groups II versus IV, Groups III versus V, and Groups IV versus V. Intergroup comparison of mean instrumentation time showed statistically significant difference among all the groups except Groups IV versus V. Conclusion: Among the various instrumentation techniques available, rotary instrumentation is the considered to be the better instrumentation technique for canal preparation in primary teeth.
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Roda-Casanova, Victor, Antonio Pérez-González, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, and Vicente Faus-Matoses. "Fatigue Analysis of NiTi Rotary Endodontic Files through Finite Element Simulation: Effect of Root Canal Geometry on Fatigue Life." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 5692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235692.
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This article describes a numerical procedure for estimating the fatigue life of NiTi endodontic rotary files. An enhanced finite element model reproducing the interaction of the endodontic file rotating inside the root canal was developed, which includes important phenomena that allowed increasing the degree of realism of the simulation. A method based on the critical plane approach was proposed for extracting significant strain results from finite element analysis, which were used in combination with the Coffin–Manson relation to predict the fatigue life of the NiTi rotary files. The proposed procedure is illustrated with several numerical examples in which different combinations of endodontic rotary files and root canal geometries were investigated. By using these analyses, the effect of the radius of curvature and the angle of curvature of the root canal on the fatigue life of the rotary files was analysed. The results confirm the significant influence of the root canal geometry on the fatigue life of the NiTi rotary files and reveal the higher importance of the radius of curvature with respect to the angle of curvature of the root canal.
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Panda, Anup, Krishna Shah, Varsha Budakoti, Krishna Dere, Mira Virda, and Jina Jani. "Evaluation of microcrack formation during root canal preparation using hand, rotary files and self-adjusting file in primary teeth: An in vitro study." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 15, no. 1 (February 13, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/joddd.2021.007.
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Background. Pediatric endodontics is a field with constant evolution, resulting in the shifting of paradigms from the use of conventional hand files to rotary files for biomechanical preparation in primary teeth. Biomechanical preparation plays a crucial role in the success of root canal treatment. Primary teeth need special attention since they differ from permanent teeth in root canal morphology. Cleaning and shaping of the canals damage the root dentin, leading to dentinal cracks. Newer techniques for root canal preparation, including Ni-Ti rotary files and SAF system, have been developed for use in pediatric endodontics to overcome the drawbacks of conventional methods. The present study compared dentinal defects formed by rotary systems in primary teeth. Methods. Eighty primary teeth were included. The teeth were decoronated with a diamond disc. All the roots were inspected for any pre-existing cracks or craze lines under transmitted light under a stereomicroscope. The specimens were then divided into four groups (n=20): group 1: control, group 2: hand files (HF), group 3: ProTaper files, and group IV: SAF files. The samples were instrumented according to the group they were assigned to. Results. The HF and SAF groups exhibited fewer microcracks. Dentinal microcracks were observed in roots prepared with rotary ProTaper files. There were significant differences between HF/SAF and rotary files (P<0.05). Conclusion. Stainless steel hand K-files and SAF instruments resulted in fewer dentinal damage than the ProTaper Universal files. SAF exhibited satisfactory results with minimal or no crack formation.
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Faus-Matoses, Vicente, Raúl Pérez García, Vicente Faus-Llácer, Ignacio Faus-Matoses, Óscar Alonso Ezpeleta, Alberto Albaladejo Martínez, and Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho. "Comparative Study of the SEM Evaluation, EDX Assessment, Morphometric Analysis, and Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Three Novel Brands of NiTi Alloy Endodontic Files." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 4414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074414.
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In this study, we compare and analyze the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), morphometry and cyclic fatigue resistance of Endogal, PathMax, and Smarttrack novel brands of nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy endodontic files. Material and Methods: Thirty sterile NiTi endodontic rotary files were randomly selected and assigned to one of the following study groups: A: 25.08 F2 Endogal (EDG) (n = 10); B: 25.08 F2 Path Max Pro (PMP) (n = 10); and C: 25.06 Smarttrack (ST) (n = 10). Dynamic cyclic fatigue tests were conducted using a cyclic fatigue device in stainless steel artificial root canal systems with an apical diameter of 250 µm, curvature angle of 60°, radius of curvature of 3 mm, and taper of 6%. Additionally, we analyzed the NiTi endodontic rotary files using EDX, SEM, and morphometry after micro-CT scanning. The results were analyzed using Weibull statistical analysis and ANOVA testing. Results: SEM, EDX, and morphometric analyses showed differences between the three novel brands of NiTi endodontic rotary files. Moreover, statistically significant differences were observed between the number of cycles to failure and time to failure of the three novel brands of NiTi endodontic rotary files (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Smarttrack NiTi alloy endodontic reciprocating files display greater resistance to cyclic fatigue than Endogal and Path Max Pro NiTi alloy endodontic rotary files, due to the reciprocating movement and metallurgical composition.
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Subramaniam, Priya, KL Girish Babu, and TA Tabrez. "Effectiveness of Rotary Endodontic Instruments on Smear Layer Removal in Root Canals of Primary Teeth: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.2.141.
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Aim : The present SEM study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of root canal instrumentation using both manual and rotary files in the root canals of primary anterior teeth. Study design: Thirty freshly extracted primary maxillary incisors were divided into 3 groups of 10 teeth each. In Group I, root canals were instrumented with rotary NiTi files; in Group II, the root canals were instrumented using manual NiTi K files and; in Group III, manual instrumentation was done with stainless steel K files. Longitudinal sections were prepared and processed for observation under SEM at the coronal, middle and apical thirds. Scoring of smear layer was done according to Hulsmann and the data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Rotary files cleaned the coronal and middle thirds of root canals more effectively. Statistically there was no significant difference between the groups. Lowest score of 2.6 in the apical third of root canals was seen with hand NiTi files. Conclusion: Rotary instrumentation was as effective as manual instrumentation in removal of smear layer in the root canals of primary anterior teeth.
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Singh, Harpreet. "Redefining the new generation endodonticsGenEndo Files: cases reports and review." Journal of Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy 13, no. 1 (2022): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jdhodt.2022.13.00564.
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While there is a plethora of rotary endodontic files available to dental professionals, the need of a simple, easy to use and yet efficient rotary file system is still felt at times. The scientists and researchers are in constant quest, designing new systems which can fulfil all the criteria of a perfect rotary file system. Lately, a new system GenENDO™ rotary endodontic files has been launched, the features of which seem promising enough to satisfy the requirements of a dentist, when it comes to choosing an ideal rotary file system.
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Gkampesi, S., Z. Mylona, T. Zarra, and T. Lambrianidis. "Assessment of Apical Extrusion of Debris during Endodontic Retreatment with 3 Rotary Nickel-Titanium Retreatment Systems and Hand Files." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2016-0003.
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SummaryAim: to evaluate the amount of debris extruded apically as well as the time needed for removal of root canal filling material using ProTaper, MTwo, REndo NiTi rotary retreatment systems and hand files.Materials and methods: 60 freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth were instrumented with Protaper files and obturated with gutta-percha and MTA Fillapex sealer with the cold lateral compaction technique. Teeth were then randomly assigned to 4 groups. ProTaper, MTwo, REndo rotary retreatment systems and Hedstroem hand files were utilized for root canal filling removal. Debris extruded apically was collected into pre-weighed vials. The weight of the dry extruded debris was established by subtracting the pre-retreatment and post-retreatment weight of vials. Time needed for reaching WL, complete removal of gutta-percha and total retreatment time were also recorded with a stopwatch. The data obtained were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (the level of significance was set at P=0.05).Results: Hand instrumentation caused significantly more debris extrusion compared with rotary systems (P<0.001). There was no significant difference among the other groups (P>0.05). Hedstroem hand files needed significantly more time for the completion of the retreatment procedure than rotary systems (P<0.001). Among rotary retreatment files, ProTaper completed the procedure significantly quicker than MTwo and REndo (P<0.001).Conclusion: Rotary retreatment files caused less apical extrusion of debris and needed less time for the completion of the retreatment procedure compared to hand files.
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Faus-Llácer, Vicente, Nirmine Hamoud Kharrat, Celia Ruiz-Sánchez, Ignacio Faus-Matoses, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, and Vicente Faus-Matoses. "The Effect of Taper and Apical Diameter on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Rotary Endodontic Files Using an Experimental Electronic Device." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020863.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the taper and apical diameter of nickel–titanium (NiTi) endodontic rotary files on the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance. A total of 50 unused conventional NiTi wire alloy endodontic rotary instruments were used in this study. All NiTi endodontic rotary files were submitted to a custom-made dynamic cyclic fatigue device until fracture occurred. The time to failure, the number of cycles to failure, the number of pecking movements, and the length of the fractured file tip were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. In addition, the Weibull characteristic strength and Weibull modulus were also calculated. The paired t-test revealed statistically significant differences between the time to failure, number of cycles to failure, and number of cycles of in-and-out movement of both the apical diameter (p ˂ 0.001) and the taper (p ˂ 0.001) of NiTi endodontic rotary files; however, the results did not show statistically significant differences between the mean length of the fractured files regarding the apical diameter (p = 0.344) and taper study groups (p = 0.344). Increased apical diameter and taper of NiTi endodontic rotary files decreased their dynamic resistance to cyclic fatigue.
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Ashraf, Fauzia, Pushpa Shankarappa, Abhinav Misra, Asheesh Sawhney, Nandamuri Sridevi, and Anu Singh. "A Stereomicroscopic Evaluation of Dentinal Cracks at Different Instrumentation Lengths by Using Different Rotary Files (ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and HyFlex CM): An Ex Vivo Study." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8379865.
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Introduction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dentinal cracks after root canal preparation with rotary files: Gates Glidden, ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and HyFlex CM at different instrumentation lengths.Methodology. Sixty-five mandibular premolars were mounted in the acrylic tube with simulated periodontal ligaments and the apex was exposed. The root canals were instrumented with different rotary files, namely, ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and HyFlex CM, to the major apical foramen (AF), short AF, and beyond AF. The root apex was stained with 1% methylene blue dye and digital images of apical surface of every tooth were taken and development of dentinal defects was determined by using stereomicroscope. Multinomial logistic regression test was performed to identify influencing factors.Results. Instrumentation with rotary files terminated 2 mm short AF and did not cause any cracks. Significantly less cracks were seen when instrumentation with rotary files terminated 1 mm short apical foramen when compared with the instrumentation terminated at or beyond apical foramen (p<0.05).Conclusion. ProTaper Universal rotary files caused more dentinal cracks than ProTaper Next and HyFlex CM. Instrumentation short AF reduced the risk of dentinal defects.
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Choudhary, Bharat, Atul Jain, Kanchan Bhadoria, and Nakul Patidar. "Comparison of Dentinal Defects induced by Hand Files, Multiple, and Single Rotary Files: A Stereomicroscopic Study." World Journal of Dentistry 8, no. 1 (2017): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1409.
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ABSTRACT Aim This study was carried out to compare the dentinal defects induced by single rotary file system, multiple rotary file system, and hand files. Materials and methods Sixty single-rooted premolars were selected based on predetermined criteria. They were divided into three groups: Group I (hand K files), group II (Hero Shaper), and group III (One Shape). Biomechanical preparation was carried out as per the manufacturer's instructions. Each specimen was sectioned horizontally and divided into apical, middle, and coronal sections. These sections were visualized under stereomicroscope to evaluate the dentinal defects using predetermined criteria. Results Roots prepared with Hero Shaper showed more number of defects than One Shape, whereas in roots prepared with hand files lowest percentage of dentinal defects were present. There was statistically significant difference between the Hero Shaper group and the One Shape group (p < 0.05). Conclusion All rotary files induce defects in root dentin, whereas the hand instruments induce minimal defects. Clinical significance With single rotary file system, preparation time is reduced and it is easier for patients to accept the treatment. Moreover, the potential of root fracture is reduced. How to cite this article Jain A, Bhadoria K, Choudhary B, Patidar N. Comparison of Dentinal Defects induced by Hand Files, Multiple, and Single Rotary Files: A Stereomicroscopic Study. World J Dent 2017;8(1):45-48.
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Zubizarreta-Macho, Álvaro, Jesús Mena Álvarez, Alberto Albaladejo Martínez, Juan José Segura-Egea, Javier Caviedes Brucheli, Rubén Agustín-Panadero, Roberto López Píriz, and Óscar Alonso-Ezpeleta. "Influence of the Pecking Motion Frequency on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Endodontic Rotary Files." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010045.
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Purpose: To analyze the influence of the pecking motion frequency on the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic rotary files. Material and Methods: Sixty PlexV 25.06 endodontic rotary files were selected and distributed into three groups: 30 movements/min (n = 20), 60 movements/min (n = 20), and 120 movements/min (n = 20). A dynamic cyclic fatigue device was designed using Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Engineering (CAD/CAE) technology and manufactured by 3D impressions to simulate the pecking motion performed by an operator. Failures of the endodontic rotary files were detected by a Light-Emitting Diode (LED)/Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) system controlled by an Arduino-Driver complex and management software. Endodontic rotary files were tested on an artificial root canal manufactured by wire electrical discharge machining (EDM), with similar dimensions to those of the instrument under examination. Endodontic rotary files were used following the manufacturer’s recommendations. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Weibull statistics. Results: All pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences in all three variables, except for the difference in the number of cycles between the groups with 60 and 120 movements/min (p = 0.298). The scale distribution parameter of Weibull statistics showed statistically significant differences in all three variables, except for the differences in the number of cycles between groups with 30 and 60 movements/min (p = 0.0722). No statistically significant differences in the three variables were observed for the shape distribution parameter. Conclusion: A low frequency of pecking motion is recommended to reduce the risk of failure of endodontic rotary files associated with cyclic fatigue.
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Crespo, S., O. Cortes, C. Garcia, and L. Perez. "Comparison Between Rotary and Manual Instrumentation in Primary Teeth." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 32, no. 4 (July 1, 2008): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.32.4.l57l36355u606576.
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The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency in both, preparation time and root canal shape, when using the Nickel Titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary and K-Files hand instrumentation on root canal preparation of single rooted primary teeth. Material and methods: Sixty single rooted primary teeth were selected and divided into two equal groups: Group (I) 30 teeth instrumented with manual K- files and group (II) 30 teeth instrumented with Ni-Ti rotary files (ProFile 0.04). Instrumentation times were calculated and root canal impressions were taken with light bodied silicone in order to evaluate the shape. The data was analyzed with SPSS program using the t-test and the Chi-square test to compare their means. Results: The preparation time with group (I) K- files was significantly higher than in group (II) rotary files (ProFile 0.04), with a p= .005. The ProFile system showed a significantly more favorable canal taper when compared to the K-files system (P= .002). Conclusions: The use of rotary files in primary teeth has several advantages when compared with manual K files: the efficiency in both, preparation time and root canal shape. 1. A decreased working time, that helps maintain patient cooperation by diminishing the potential for tiredness. 2. The shape of the root canal is more conical, favoring a higher quality of the root canal filling, and increasing clinical success.
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Kaur, Artinder, Devendra Chaudhary, Navneet Kukreja, Abhishek Bansal, Jyoti Bansal, and Urvashi Kukreja. "The Battle in Endodontics: A Review." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 02, no. 02 (August 2014): 059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1671987.
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AbstractNickel titanium rotary shaping files fundamentally changed everything in endodontics; conceptually, procedurally and economically as well. NiTi rotary files made root canal therapy more accessible and kind of fun for dentists, and dental companies were loved for making files that cost four times more than stainless steel hand files but delivered a ten times improvement. The single file systems need no disinfecting, cleaning, sterilizing and organizing the NiTi files, provide optimal cutting efficiency along with better control of file breakage and thus increased patient safety and no risk for cross contamination.
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Subramaniam, Priya, Neetu Raveendran, and Madhusudhan K.S. "Comparative evaluation of two pediatric rotary file systems in primary teeth: A scanning electron microscope study." Contemporary Pediatric Dentistry 3, no. 1 (2022): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51463/cpd.2021.93.
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Aim: The objective of this in-vitro study was to evaluate and compare the smear layer formed using Kedo-S, Pro AF Baby Gold rotary files and manual Ni-Ti files in the root canals of primary anterior teeth. Methods: Sixty primary maxillary incisors which fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 20 teeth each; Group 1: Kedo-S rotary files, Group 2: Pro AF Baby Gold rotary files and Group 3: manual Ni-Ti K files. The root canals in each group were instrumented for 3 minutes and irrigated intermittently with 0.9% saline. The teeth were then longitudinally sectioned and examined under a scanning electron microscope for smear layer formation at different thirds of the root canals. Scores obtained were then subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Inter-group comparison showed a significant difference between the coronal and middle third in all three groups. A statistically significant difference was also noted in the three groups at the different thirds of the root canals on the intra-group comparison. Conclusions: Both Kedo-S and Pro AF Baby Gold rotary files were significantly better than manual Ni-Ti K files in effectively debriding the root canal walls of primary teeth as evaluated by the smear layer. Keywords: Deciduous Tooth; Pulpectomy; Root Canal Therapy; Smear Layer
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Neha, Shetty, Priya Subramaniam, and Megha Gupta. "Comparative assessment of cleaning efficacy of Kedo-SH manual and Kedo-S rotary endodontic files in deciduous molars - an in-vitro study." International Journal of Pedodontic Rehabilitation 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56501/intjpedorehab.v7i2.684.
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Introduction: Preparation of root canals in deciduous molars can be challenging due to their inherent anatomy. Endodontic files were introduced recently for exclusive use in deciduous dentition. Hence, the aim of the present comparative study was to assess the cleaning efficacy of manual and rotary endodontic files in deciduous molars. Methods and materials: Sixty canals of recently extracted deciduous molars were selected which did not have more than one-third of their root length resorbed. Following working length determination, India ink dye was injected into all the canals. They were arbitrarily allocated into two groups; Group I: Kedo-SH manual files (n=30) and Group II: Kedo-S rotary files (n=30), for the purpose of instrumentation. The root canals were cleared of debris and sections prepared. The sections were examined under a stereomicroscope under 40X magnification for removal of India ink at different thirds and given scores. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using Student t test and ANOVA. Level of significance was 5%. Results: Both file systems resulted in superior cleaning of the coronal and apical section of the canals. The average scores for coronal and middle sections of the root canals with Kedo-SH manual files (9.5 ± 8.062; 10.75 ± 10.31, respectively) were significantly higher than that of Kedo-S rotary files (5± 6.63; 6.05 ±7.5, respectively) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Root canals prepared with Kedo-S rotary files showed significant superiorly clean root canals than those prepared using Kedo-SH manual files. Keywords: Kedo-S, Kedo-SH files, deciduous molars, pulpectomy, root canal instrumentation.
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Rosa, Ricardo Abreu da, Manuela Favarin Santini, Bruno Cavalini Cavenago, Jefferson Ricardo Pereira, Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte, and Marcus Vinícius Reis Só. "Micro-CT Evaluation of Root Filling Removal after Three Stages of Retreatment Procedure." Brazilian Dental Journal 26, no. 6 (December 2015): 612–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300061.
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The aim of this study was to quantify the residual filling material after filling removal, re-preparation with rotary or reciprocating files and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Twenty maxillary molars were prepared using ProTaper instruments up to F1. The teeth were filled with AH Plus and ProTaper gutta-percha points using the single-cone technique. Thereafter, the specimens were scanned using a micro-computed tomography system (Micro-CT #1). Then, the root canal filling was removed using ProTaper Retreatment files, and a new scan was performed (Micro-CT #2). The specimens were divided into two groups according to the instrument used for re-preparation: ProTaper rotary or WaveOne reciprocating files (Micro-CT #3). Finally, PUI was performed, and a new micro-CT scan was performed (Micro-CT #4). Intragroup and intergroup analyses were performed using Friedman and Dunn's post hoc test and the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc tests, respectively. Palatal canal presented the highest volume of residual filling material in all stages of endodontic retreatment (p<0.05). The main reduction of filling volume was achieved after using ProTaper Retreament (p<0.05). The amount of remaining filling material after using ProTaper Retreatment was similar to that achieved with rotary and reciprocating files and after PUI (p>0.05). Rotary and reciprocating files achieved similar removal of the root canal filling (p>0.05). The greatest reduction in filling material was achieved after using ProTaper Retreatment files. Rotary and reciprocating instruments and PUI did not improve the removal of root canal filling materials.
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Sekar, Vadhana, Ranjith Kumar, Suresh Nandini, Suma Ballal, and Natanasabapathy Velmurugan. "Assessment of the role of cross section on fatigue resistance of rotary files when used in reciprocation." European Journal of Dentistry 10, no. 04 (October 2016): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.195171.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the role of cross section on cyclic fatigue resistance of One Shape, Revo-S SU, and Mtwo rotary files in continuous rotation and reciprocating motion in dynamic testing model. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 new rotary One Shape, Revo-S SU, and Mtwo files (ISO size 25, taper 0.06, length 25 mm) were subjected to continuous rotation or reciprocating motion. A cyclic fatigue testing device was fabricated with 60° angle of curvature and 5 mm radius. The dynamic testing of these files was performed using an electric motor which permitted the reproduction of pecking motion. All instruments were rotated or reciprocated until fracture occurred. The time taken for each instrument to fracture was recorded. All the fractured files were analyzed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to detect the mode of fracture. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference post hoc test. Results: The time taken for instruments in reciprocating motion to fail under cyclic loading was significantly longer when compared with groups in continuous rotary motion. There was a statistically significant difference between Mtwo rotary and the other two groups in both continuous and reciprocating motion. One Shape rotary files recorded significantly longer duration to fracture resistance when compared with Revo-S SU files in both continuous and reciprocating motion. SEM observations showed that the instruments of all groups had undergone a ductile mode of fracture. Conclusion: Reciprocating motion improved the cyclic fatigue resistance of all tested groups.
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Jayasenthil, Athikesavan, Emmanuel Solomon Sathish, and Prashanth Prakash. "Evaluation of Manual and Two-Rotary Niti Retreatment Systems in Removing Gutta-Percha Obturated with Two Root Canal Sealers." ISRN Dentistry 2012 (September 10, 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/208241.
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Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two retreatment NiTi systems (protaper universal retreatment files, R-Endo), when compared to manual technique in removing Gutta-percha obturated with two sealers. Study Design. Sixty extracted single-rooted premolars were instrumented with Protaper rotary files till F3. The specimens were divided into six groups. Groups 1, 2, 3 were obturated with Gutta-percha and zinc oxide eugenol and Groups 4, 5, 6 were obturated with Gutta-percha and AH-plus. The retreatment was carried out in groups 1 and 4 with H-files and GGdrills, groups 2 and 5 with R-endo retreatment files and groups 3 and 6 with Protaper retreatment files. The roots were sectioned and evaluated under optical stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keul's test at . Results. The manual technique resulted in cleaner canal walls when compared with both rotary retreatment systems. Conclusion. NiTi rotary retreatment files can be used to remove the filling material quickly, but it should be followed by hand instruments to obtain better canal wall cleanliness.
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Ashkar, Israa, José Luis Sanz, and Leopoldo Forner. "Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Glide Path Rotary Files: A Systematic Review of in Vitro Studies." Materials 15, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 6662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196662.
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The aim of the present systematic review was to perform a qualitative synthesis of in vitro studies that assess the cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary glide path (GP) files of endodontic applications. Systematic electronic searches were performed in the Medline, Embase, Scopus, SciELO, and Web of Science databases on 15 February 2022, and were last updated on 1 April In vitro studies that evaluated and compared the cyclic fatigue resistance of at least one rotary GP file system with another rotary GP file system were included. A total of 25 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. All studies assessing the difference in the cyclic fatigue resistance between continuous and reciprocating rotation in rotary glide path files found that the latter resulted in a significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance, as evidenced by a higher number of cycles until fracture and/or time until fracture. Within the limitations of this review and the in vitro nature of the included studies, the results indicate that the cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary GP files may be influenced by several intrinsic factors of the files, such as their taper, cross-sectional design, alloy properties, kinematics, and external factors, such as the curvature and radius at which the file is activated, the irrigation or lubricant used, and the temperature.
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Kumar, Sudhir, P. Ratnakar, NV Murali Krishna Chakka, Sanjib Das, Anandamy Bagchi, and Lavanya Anumula. "Do NiTi Instruments show Defects before Separation? Defects caused by Torsional Fatigue in Hand and Rotary Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Instruments which Lead to Failure during Clinical Use." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 6 (2012): 867–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1243.
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ABSTRACT Aims Visual and microscopic evaluation of defects caused by torsional fatigue in hand and rotary nickel titanium (NiTi) instruments. Materials and methods Ninety-six NiTi greater taper instruments which were routinely used for root canal treatment only in anterior teeth were selected for the study. The files taken include ProTaper for hand use, ProTaper Rotary files and Endowave rotary files. After every use, the files were observed visually and microscopically (Stereomicroscope at 10×) to evaluate the defects caused by torsional fatigue. Scoring was given according to a new classification formulated which gives an indication of the severity of the defect or damage. Statistical analysis Data was statistically analyzed using KruskallWallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Results Number of files showing defects were more under stereomicroscope than visual examination. But, the difference in the evaluation methods was not statistically significant. The different types of defects observed were bent instrument, straightening/stretching of twist contour and partial reverse twisting. Endowave files showed maximum number of defects followed by ProTaper for hand use and least in ProTaper Rotary. Conclusion Visible defects due to torsional fatigue do occur in NiTi instruments after clinical use. Both visual and microscopic examinations were efficient in detecting defects caused due to torsional fatigue. This study emphasizes that all files should be observed for any visible defects before and after every instrumentation cycle to minimize the risk of instrument separation and failure of endodontic therapy. How to cite this article Chakka NVMK, Ratnakar P, Das S, Bagchi A, Kumar S, Anumula L. Do NiTi Instruments show Defects before Separation? Defects caused by Torsional Fatigue in Hand and Rotary Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Instruments which Lead to Failure during Clinical Use. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):867-872.
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Govindaraju, Lavanya, Ganesh Jeevanandan, and E. M. G. Subramanian. "Comparison of quality of obturation and instrumentation time using hand files and two rotary file systems in primary molars: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 03 (July 2017): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_345_16.
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ABSTRACT Objective: In permanent dentition, different rotary systems are used for canal cleaning and shaping. Rotary instrumentation in pediatric dentistry is an emerging concept. A very few studies have compared the efficiency of rotary instrumentation for canal preparation in primary teeth. Hence, this study was performed to compare the obturation quality and instrumentation time of two rotary files systems – Protaper, Mtwo with hand files in primary molars. Materials and Methods: Forty-five primary mandibular molars were randomly allotted to one of the three groups. Instrumentation was done using K-files in Group 1; Protaper in Group 2; and Mtwo in Group 3. Instrumentation time was recorded. The canal filling quality was assessed as underfill, optimal fill, and overfill. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square, ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey test. Results: No significant difference was observed in the quality of obturation among three groups. Intergroup comparison of the instrumentation time showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups.Conclusion: The use of rotary instrumentation in primary teeth results in marked reduction in the instrumentation time and improves the quality of obturation.
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Bueno, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira, Maraisa Greggio Delboni, Roberta Aranha de Araújo, Hilton José Carrara, and Rodrigo Sanches Cunha. "Effectiveness of rotary and hand files in gutta-percha and sealer removal using chloroform or chlorhexidine gel." Brazilian Dental Journal 17, no. 2 (2006): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402006000200011.
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The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the efficacy of nickel-titanium K³ rotary files and hand files for removal of gutta-percha and sealer from obturated root canals using either chloroform or chlorhexidine as solvents. Sixty extracted single-rooted bovine teeth with straight, large canals were prepared, obtured and randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=20). The teeth were stored at 37ºC for 1 month and then the gutta-percha and sealer were removed using different techniques, as follows. Group I: size 3 Gates-Glidden drills plus size 30 hand K-files and Hedström files and chloroform; Group II: K³ NiTi rotary files and chloroform; and Group III: K³ NiTi rotary files and 2% chlorhexidine gel. Radiographs were taken and scanned and the images were digitized. The total area of the canal and the area with remaining obturation material were measured in millimeters using a computed image analysis system (ImageLab). Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% significance level. The groups differed statistically (p<0.05) with respect to the average percentage of remaining gutta-percha and sealer, presenting the following sequence of effectiveness (from most to least effective): Group I (15.48%), Group II (28.42%) and Group III (35.96%). The findings of this study showed that, despite the technique used for removal of filling material, none of the retreated canals were completely free of gutta-percha and sealer remnants. The use of stainless steel hand files resulted in a lesser amount of filling debris than the use of nickel-titanium rotary instruments.
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Monea, Monica, Carmen Biris, Edwin Sever Bechir, Nicoleta Suciu, Anca Maria Pop, and Peter Olah. "Effectiveness of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments on Smear Layer Removal from Radicular Dentin. A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 11 (December 15, 2017): 2519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.11.5919.
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The aim of our study was to evaluate the cleaning effect of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files on the smear layer formed on the radicular dentine walls during endodontic procedures. We used 50 freshly extracted maxillary permanent teeth divided in two study groups according to the instruments used for cleaning: Group 1 with ProTaper Ni-Ti rotary files, Group 2 with manual Ni-Ti files. Longitudinal sections of root canals from each group were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the apical, middle and coronal sections. Representative microphotographs were taken and double blind scoring was performed by calibrated examiners. The amount of smear layer was measured according to Hulsmann scoring system and the data were statistically analyzed. There were statistically significant differences between instruments in the apical root canal sections (p[0.05), where the manual Ni-Ti files gave the best cleaning scores. There were no differences between groups for the middle and coronal thirds. In conclusion, the best approach for an effective removal of smear layer is to combine manual files with rotary Ni-Ti instruments during the endodontic treatment.
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Faus-Matoses, Vicente, Eva Burgos Ibáñez, Vicente Faus-Llácer, Celia Ruiz-Sánchez, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, and Ignacio Faus-Matoses. "Comparative Analysis of Ease of Removal of Fractured NiTi Endodontic Rotary Files from the Root Canal System—An In Vitro Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020718.
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This study aimed at analyzing and comparing the ease of removal of fractured nickel–titanium (NiTi) endodontic rotary files from the root canal system between the ultrasonic tips and the Endo Rescue appliance removal systems, as well as comparing the volume of dentin removed between ultrasonic tips and the Endo Rescue appliance using a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan. Material and Methods: Forty NiTi endodontic rotary files were intentionally fractured in 40 root canal systems of 20 lower first molar teeth and distributed into the following study groups: A: Ultrasonic tips (n = 20) (US) and B: Endo Rescue device (n = 20) (ER). Preoperative and postoperative micro-CT scans were uploaded into image processing software to analyze the volumetric variations of dentin using an algorithm that enables progressive differentiation between neighboring pixels after defining and segmenting the fractured NiTi endodontic rotary files and the root canal systems in both micro-CT scans. A non-parametric Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test or t-test for independent samples was used to analyze the results. Results: The US and ES study groups saw 8 (1 mesiobuccal and 7 distal root canal system) and 3 (distal root canal system) fractured NiTi endodontic rotary files removed, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in the amount of dentin removed between the US and ER study groups at the mesiobuccal (p = 0.9109) and distal root canal system (p = 0.8669). Conclusions: Ultrasonic tips enable greater ease of removal of NiTi endodontic rotary files from the root canal system, with similar amounts of dentin removal between the two methods.
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Al-Hashimi, Yasir, Ahmed Abyad, Ahmed Abyad, and Yasir Al-Hashimi. "A review on the effect of using rotary hyflex electrical discharge machining endodontic files on the formation of dentinal microcracks in straight root canals." Journal of Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy 12, no. 4 (July 28, 2021): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jdhodt.2021.12.00551.
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Endodontic therapy is based on cleaning and shaping the canal system till the apex with total obturation of the canal. However, it is not always straightforward. Endodontics specialists face many complicated cases as sever curved canals, calcified canals and canals with previously initiated therapy which require to deal with. dental professionals pay attention to create new methods or to improve the already developed equipment and procedures to facilitate their work. Rotary endodontics files are in the center of attention. nowadays, recent files with extraordinary properties have been revolutionized. The standard Nickel Titanium rotary endodontic files are not always preferred. It cannot serve well in the aforementioned complex cases due to its larger tapers and unique shape memory property. Moreover, these files have led to several dentinal microcracks formation during canal preparation using the flaring instruments. Microcracks are evaluated through the accurately presented sliced images using Micro-Computer Tomography (micro-CT) done before and after root canal preparation. This has led to the invention of new generations of rotary endodontics files, with unique properties improving its behavior during the instrumentation, including Controlled Memory (CM) files and Electrical discharge Machine (EDM) files, opening the door for a new era in the field of endodontics dentistry. The present study aims to review HyFlex EDM files, including their properties, clinical dental usage, and the role of micro-CT in analyzing dentinal micro cracks formed with HyFlex EDM files.
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Kesim, Bertan, Burak Sagsen, and Tugrul Aslan. "Evaluation of dentinal defects during root canal preparation using thermomechanically processed nickel-titanium files." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 02 (April 2017): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_254_16.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of root cracks after root canal instrumentation with thermomechanically processed nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) files with different instrumentation kinematics. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 extracted mandibular premolars with mature apices and straight root canals were divided into five groups and used in this study. In Group 1, 30 teeth were prepared using hand K-files and assigned to control group, Group 2 was instrumented using K3XF Rotary files (SybronEndo, Glendora, CA, USA) with continuous rotary motion. The teeth in Group 3 were instrumented by ProTaper Next (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) rotary files which make asymmetric rotary motion, In Group 4, teeth were instrumented by RECIPROC (VDW, Munich, Germany) with reciprocation motion and in Group 5, teeth were instrumented by Twisted File (TF) Adaptive (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA) files that use combination of continuous rotation and reciprocation motion (n = 30/per group). All the roots were horizontally sectioned 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex with a low speed saw under water cooling. Then, the slices were examined through a stereomicroscope to determine the presence of dentinal microcracks.Results: For the apical (3-mm) and coronal (9-mm) sections, the ProTaper Next and TF Adaptive produced significantly more cracks than the hand files, RECIPROC, and K3XF (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the experimental groups and control group at the 6-mm level (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, all thermal-treated Ni-Ti instruments and hand files caused microcracks in root canal dentin.
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Uppin, Veerendra, Vinaya Varghese, Madhu Pujar, Nirmal Kurian, and Hemant Vagarali. "Comparison of Canaltransportation and Centering Ability of Protaper Next, Hyflex Cmandwave One System Using Cone - Beam Computed Tomography-an in-Vitro Study." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 04, no. 02 (August 2016): 088–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672052.
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Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the canal transportation and centering ability of Rotary ProTaper Next, Hyflex CM and Wave One primary systems using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in curved root canals. Materials and Methods: Total 30 freshly extracted maxillary first molars having root canals with curvature between 10°- 20° were divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. All teeth were scanned by CBCT to determine the root canal shape before instrumentation. In Group 1, the canals were prepared with ProTaper Next files, in Group 2 with Hyflex CM files and in Group 3 with Wave One files. After preparation, post-instrumentation scan was performed. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation images were obtained at 3 mm and 6 mm above the apical foramen and were compared using CBCT software. The amount of canal transportation and centering ability were assessed and statistically compared with one way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant test. (p<0.05). Results: All instrumentation systems used resulted in some amount of canal transportation. Data obtained suggested that Wave One files caused significantly lesser transportation and remained better centered in the canal than Hyflex CM and Rotary ProTaper Next files. Conclusion: The canal preparation with Wave One files results in lesser transportation and better centering ability than Hyflex CM and ProTaper Next rotary files in curved root canals.
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Nair, Manisha, Ganesh Jeevanandan, Vignesh R, and Subramanian EMG. "Comparative evaluation of post-operative pain after pulpectomy with k-files, kedo-s files and mtwo files in deciduous molars -a randomized clinical trial." Brazilian Dental Science 21, no. 4 (October 24, 2018): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i4.1617.
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<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Despite the tortuous course of primary root canal system, a paradigm shift occurred from conventional hand files to rotary system, which lead to faster, cost-effective, uniform and predictable fillings. One of the many advantages being, reduction in post-operative pain with the use of rotary system. Many rotary file systems were introduced, with the recent one, the Kedo-S. So the present study aimed to compare and evaluate the post – operative pain after pulpectomy using K-files, MTwo files and Kedo-S files in deciduous molars. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> 75 teeth were randomly divided into three groups (group A – K-files, group B - Kedo-S files and group C - MTwo files) for pulpectomy of primary molars. Post – operative pain was assessed every 6,12,24,48 and 72 hours using facial pain scale. <strong>Results:</strong> 44% of volunteers in K-file group had moderate pain followed by Kedo-S group that is 8% and then MTwo files that is 4%. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The least post-operative pain was found in Mtwo group followed by Kedo-S group and K-file group.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Pulpectomy; Post-operative pain; MTwo; Kedo-S.</p><p> </p>
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Yahya, Eman M., Ali M. Al Naimi, and Abduladheem R. Sulaiman. "Quantitative evaluation of debris extruded apically using reciprocating versus continuous rotation single file with rotary and hand glide path file." Journal of Oral Research S, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2019.088.
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Chemomechanical root canal preparation (CMRCP) is an important step in root canal treatment. However, one of its negative consequences is apical extrusion of debris of the root canal system contributing to treatment failure and flare-ups. Glide path preparation (GPP) is the initial phase of CMRCP and is crucial for assessing root canal anatomy and establishing unobstructed access to the apical part of the canal. Materials and methods: Forty human mandibular permanent central and lateral incisors were selected; the debris collection apparatus was prepared and the teeth were then divided into four groups: Group 1: Rotary glide path preparation with ProGlider followed by instrumentation with Wave One files. Group 2: Rotary glide path preparation with ProGlider followed by instrumentation with One Shape files. Group 3: Hand glide path preparation with K-file followed by instrumentation with Wave One files. Group 4: Hand glide path preparation with K-file followed by instrumentation with One Shape files. The collected debris was weighed in an analytical digital balance and the collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: No significant difference was present between groups with the same method of glide path preparation or between Wave One and One Shape files. Rotary glide path preparation produced less debris than hand preparation (p≤0.05). Conclusions: Extrusion of debris was observed in all test groups. Rotary glide path preparation could be preferred in clinical practice as it is associated with less debris extrusion than the manual method.
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Patturaja, Kiruthika, L. Leelavathi, and Jayalakshmi S. "Choice of Rotary Instrument Usage among Endodontists – A Questionnaire Study." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 2 (May 15, 2018): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1441.
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The aim of the study is to find the rotary instrument usage and preferred brand of rotary instrument among endodontists working in dental colleges, Chennai. A rotary instrument is used to remove or reduce tooth matter and to shape teeth during endodontic procedure. Rotary instrument includes burs and endodontic files. Various brands of rotary instruments are currently available in the market which includes dentsply protaper, Mtwo, endostar, k3 XF files, Heroshaper etc. The choice of rotary instrument by a dentist is governed by various factors like their efficiency, ductility, sharpness, cross section and flexibility. An online questionnaire based study was conducted among 97 endodontists working in dental colleges in Chennai. A total of 10 questions consisting of both open ended and close ended questions related to usage, preferred brand and properties were included in the questionnaire . Datas were collected from the filled questionnaire and analysed. Descriptive statistics was used. From the study it was reported that 88% of endodontists use rotary instruments for endodontic procedures in their clinical practice. The most preferred brand of rotary instrument used by endodontists is Mtwo (40%) because of its good cutting ability and shaping followed by 20% k3, 18% protaper, 6% heroshaper and 36% combination of different rotary instruments. Majority of the endodontists preferred using rotary instruments and nearly half of them opt to use mtwo file in their clinical practice.
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Shubhashini, N., Gourav K. Sahu, Shivani Consul, KJ Nandakishore, and Md Idris. "Rotary Endodontics or Reciprocating Endodontics: Which is New and Which is True?" Journal of Health Sciences & Research 7, no. 2 (2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10042-1035.
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ABSTRACT In the past, shaping of root canals was done using stainless steel (SS) hand files. The introduction of rotary instrumentation has revolutionized the art and science of endodontic practice in the last decade with predictable success. The rotary files have been subjected to constant evolution in the form of metallurgy, design features, and the manner in which these instruments are driven (rotary/reciprocation), etc., resulting in revolution, both within the canal and in the area of contemporary endodontics. The purpose of this review is to identify publications regarding the evaluation, to present comprehensive and critical summaries of current knowledge, and to provide an update of the rotary and reciprocating concept, which is new and which is true. How to cite this article Sahu GK, Consul S, Nandakishore KJ, Shubhashini N, Geeta IB, Idris Md. Rotary Endodontics or Reciprocating Endodontics: Which is New and Which is True? J Health Sci Res 2016;7(2):51-57.
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V, ANCHANA, SHENVI AKSHATA AJAY, PRAHLAD GADICHERLA, DHANANJAYA G, and PUSHPALATHA C. "COMPARISON OF MANUAL AND ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES FOR REMAINING DENTIN THICKNESS IN PRIMARY TEETH USING CBCT." British Journal of Dental Science Research and Development 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.35288/bjdsrd/01/01/001.
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the residual dentin thickness after manual and rotary instrumentation technique in primary root canals using CBCT. The null hypothesis was that there is no difference in the cleaning efficiency of both manual and rotary technique. Methodology: Manual filing was performed on 30 root canals using stainless steel S-files. Rotary instrumentation was carried out on a further 30 root canals, using rotary ProTaper files in a 300-rotation per minute (r.p.m.) Handpiece (NSK Endomate DT) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The roots were aligned perpendicularly to the beam, and they were scanned before and after instrumentation by using the CBCT operating at 60 kV and 2.5mA. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation measurements of canals were performed by using the Carestream 3D software. Results: When both the manual and rotary methods of canal instrumentation were compared, it was found that the reduction of dentinal thickness with respect to the manual method was more than the rotary method. Conclusions: There was more dentine thickness reduction in manual instrumentation than rotary instrumentation for root canal preparation in primary teeth.
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Bruno Carvalho-Sousa, José Ribamar Costa-Filho, Fábio de Almeida-Gomes, Cláudio Maníglia-Ferreira, Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho, and Diana Santana de Albuquerque. "Evaluation of the dentin remaining after flaring using Gates Glidden drills and Protaper rotary files." RSBO 8, no. 2 (June 29, 2012): 194–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v8i2.1058.
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Introduction: The application of rotary instruments for root canal preparation requires a safe, not harming procedure to the root structure remaining. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the root thickness in 28 mesial canals of lower permanent first molars before and after flaring using two rotary instruments: Gates-Glidden drills and ProTaper rotary files. Material and methods:Teeth were embedded into a muffle system. Samples were obtained by cutting 2mm below the furcation. The images were captured by a digital video system (8X and 12X magnification). For image analysis and processing, Pro-Image Plus 4.1 software was used. Each image captured by the computer was gauged, eliminating any possible distortion. Gates-Glidden drills were used in decreasing order of size (GG#4, GG#3, GG#2). ProTaper was used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, with hand-piece powered by an electric motor with low torque. 5.25% sodium hypochlorite was utilized as irrigant. Results: The average thickness between the canal and furcation before and after use of rotary instruments were: 0.857 mm and 0.561 mm for Gates-Glidden drills, and 0.858 mm and 0.486 mm for ProTaper, respectively. No statistical differences were found in the root thickness of specimens shaped with ProTaper rotary files and Gates Glidden drills. Conclusion:The use of Gates-Glidden drills is as safe as ProTaper rotary files with respect to danger of perforation on the distal side of the mesial roots of lower molars.
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Ahmed, Riaz, Ziaullah Choudhry, Fazal Ur-Rehman Qazi, Sofia Malik, Shahbaz Ahmed, Sohail Saadat, Ahmed A. AlMokhatieb, et al. "Influence of 17% EDTA and Sapindus mukorossi on the Surface Property of Protaper Gold Rotary Endodontic Instruments." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 18, 2022): 7208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147208.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and ethanolic extract of Sapindus mukorossi (S. mukorossi) in combination with canal shaping on surface properties of ProTaper Gold rotary endodontic file. Sixteen F1 ProTaper Gold rotary files underwent the standard protocol for root canal treatment using two irrigants (S. mukorossi and 17% EDTA) in single-rooted decoronated teeth. Eight unused files were used as a control. All files were examined under an atomic force microscope (AFM) to evaluate surface roughness (Ra) and root mean square (RMS). Data were analyzed using the t-test. RMS and Ra values of the control file were 1.37 and 0.607, respectively. The mean RMS (3.70 ± 1.41) and mean Ra (2.89 ± 1.41) in EDTA group were significantly higher than the control file (p < 0.05). The mean RMS in the S. mukorossi group (1.77 ± 0.66) did not show any significant difference with the control (p > 0.05). The Ra of S. mukorossi group (1.09 ± 0.05) was significantly higher than the control file (p < 0.05). Moreover, the mean RMS and Ra were found to be significantly higher in the EDTA group compared to the S. mukorossi group (p < 0.05). The mean Ra and RMS values of the ProTaper Gold files used to prepare canals using 17% EDTA and S. mukorossi irrigation were significantly higher than the control files. The EDTA-treated ProTaper Gold rotary files demonstrated higher surface Ra and RMS than the S. mukorossi files.
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Brkanic, Tatjana, Slavoljub Zivkovic, and Milan Drobac. "Root canal preparation techniques using nickel-titanium rotary instruments." Medical review 58, no. 3-4 (2005): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0504203b.
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Introduction The main purpose of endodontic treatment is to clean the root canal system, eliminate the infected and toxic contents, and shape it in order to get a tridimensional obturation. The aim of this paper is to inform dental practitioners about crown-down techniques for root canal preparation using nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Root canal preparation Today most endodontists believe that root canal preparation is more officious, cleaning and shaping are better, if pre-enlargement of coronal two thirds is performed first, and shaping of the apical part later. Machine driven rotary instruments provide much quicker and better root canal preparation. Conclusion Contemporary endodontic rotary files vary in regard to their taper, cutting blades, guiding tip and material they are made of. The usage of rotary nickel-titanium files adds a new quality to root canal preparation.
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Jindal, Varun, and Ajay Chhabra. "Effectiveness of Three Rotary Niti Instruments and Hand Instrumentation in Removing Gutta Percha from Root Canals: an in vitro Study." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 03, no. 03 (December 2015): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672031.
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Abstract Objectives: The study aimed to assess variation in the remaining filling material by radiographic analysis and the time taken for retreatment system, with H-files; the ProTaper Universal Retreatment System; Mtwo retreatment system and the SybronEndo K3. Methods: 120 human mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were prepared with rotary twisted files (up to size 40/0.04) using the crown down technique and filled by cold lateral condensation and the radiographs were taken. After one week, teeth were divided into four groups (n = 30). Gutta-percha was removed using H-files, the ProTaper Universal Retreatment System, Mtwo system and the K3 System. After retreatment radiographs were taken for each sample and the remaining material was calculated for each canal third. Results: Rotary NiTi instruments were significantly faster than the hand instrumentation technique in performing the retreatment. In radiographic analysis there was significant difference in between the groups for coronal third in ProTaper group and for apical third in H-file group. Conclusions: In the radiographic analysis the ProTaper Universal System left less filling material in the coronal third and the H-files left less filling material in apical third as compared to other groups. Rotary instruments worked faster than H files.
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Chianello, Giovani, Vivyane Leal Specian, Lilian Cristina Fucuda Hardt, Denise Pontes Raldi, José Luiz Lage-Marques, and Sandra Márcia Habitante. "Surface finishing of unused rotary endodontic instruments: a SEM study." Brazilian Dental Journal 19, no. 2 (2008): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402008000200004.
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During endodontic therapy, cleaning of root canals is performed using endodontic files and auxiliary chemical substances, and it is important that the endodontist be familiar with the instruments used in daily practice. This study evaluated, under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the quality of the surface finishing of unused rotary endodontic instruments. Fifty sizes 20, 25 and 30 rotary files from different commercial brands (ProFile, Protaper, Race, Hero and K3 Endo) were removed directly from their packages and had their final 3 mm examined with a scanning electron microscope at x190 magnification with no previous preparation. The images were evaluated by 3 skillful, calibrated, blinded observers according to the following criteria: cutting edge, debris, grooves, microcavities, tip shape, tip position, scraping and transition angle. Data were recorded in worksheets designed for the study. Irregular edges were observed in 50-100% of the files. Except for ProFile, all commercial brands presented surface debris in 100% of samples. Only Race files showed no grooves or microcavities. K3 Endo files presented the best tip centralization. Excetp for ProTaper files, all commercial brands presented blunt-cutting edges in 100% of samples. All types of files presented surface scraping. K3 Endo files and Protaper had a high percentage of transition angle. Based on the evaluation criteria used in the present study, most samples presented a minimum of 2 alterations and a maximum of 7 alterations per instrument. Under the tested conditions, the quality of the surface finishing of the examined instruments was not as expected, given that no instrument was free of imperfections and most of them presented at least 2 and up to 7 types of surface defects. These results suggest that the manufacturing process and the packaging conditions of rotary endodontic instruments are far from ideal.
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Eliasz, Wojciech, Kinga Kubiak, Wojciech Poncyljusz, and Anna Surdacka. "Root Canal Transportation after Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next, WaveOne Gold, and Twisted Files." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 11 (November 14, 2020): 3661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113661.
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Background: Root canal preparation during endodontic treatment may be associated with various complications, including a change in the original pathway of the root canal lumen. The aim of our study was to determine whether files of similar sizes that use various movement kinematics (rotary, reciprocal, adaptive motion) cause root canal transportation, and whether the differences between such systems are statistically significant. Methods: The degree of root canal transportation (DT) was calculated with the use of computed tomography scans for 3 groups of teeth (for each group: n = 20) in which the root canals were prepared using either rotary (ProTaper Next—PTN), reciprocal (WaveOne Gold—WOG), or adaptive movement (Twisted Files—TF) instruments. Results: For rotary ProTaper Next instruments, the mean value of the DT index was 0.0795 (SD = 0.0179) for 3 mm from the apex, 0.09 (SD = 0.0262) for 6 mm from the apex, and 0.106 (SD = 0.0221) for 9 mm from the apex. For reciprocal WaveOne Gold Primary instruments, the mean value of the DT index was 0.0355 (SD = 0.015) for 3 mm from the apex, 0.061 (SD = 0.02) for 6 mm from the apex, and 0.08 (SD = 0.25) for 9 mm from the apex. For Twisted Files, the mean value of the DT index was 0.05 (SD = 0.03) for 3 mm from the apex, 0.092 (SD = 0.17) for 6 mm from the apex, and 0.08 (SD = 0.02) for 9 mm from the apex. Conclusions: The use of PTN, WOG, and TF files resulted in root canal transportation to a different degree. The use of rotary PTN files produced the most transported preparation, whereas the use of WOG files produced the conservative root canal preparation that allowed the retention of the original shape of the root canal.
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Chang, Seok-Woo. "Safe way for using NiTi rotary files." Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 40, no. 1 (2015): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.96.
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Pawar, Ajinkya M., Unmesh Khanvilkar, Shivani Mallishery, Kashmira Sawant, Ricardo Machado, Gianluca Plotino, Alexander Maniangat Luke, Simy Mathew, Musab Hamed Saeed, and Krishna Prasad Shetty. "Cyclic Fatigue, Torsional Resistance, and Angular Deflection of Two Heat-Treated Files: M-Wire Versus New F-Wire Technology." Metals 10, no. 10 (October 12, 2020): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101359.
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The cyclic fatigue, torsional resistance, and angular deflection of a new Fire-Wire rotary file (CricENDO) were compared. A total of 20 files of each type were tested. Cyclic fatigue testing was performed for each group (n = 10) by measuring the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) in an artificial stainless-steel canal (60° angle of curvature, with a 6-mm radius) for each group. The torque and angle of rotation at the failure of each group (n = 10) were measured according to ISO 3630-1. The fractured surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analysis was carried out utilizing Student’s t-test at a significance level set at 5%. The Fire-Wire CricENDO rotary files were associated with a significantly higher number of cycles to fracture and time to failure (in seconds) compared to the M-Wire Protaper Next (p < 0.05). A significantly higher angular deflection to fracture was observed for CricENDO compared to Protaper Next (p < 0.05). The new Fire-Wire CricENDO rotary files exhibit higher cyclic fatigue resistance and angle of rotation to fracture than M-Wire Protaper Next. Without warning, file fracture may occur as a result of cyclic fatigue, torsional stress, or a combined effect of both. CricENDO rotary files may be an effective alternative in curved root canals as they exhibited elevated cyclic and torsional resistance. It will be helpful in eliminating one of the reasons for file fracture during the root canal treatment.
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Hamdy, Tamer M., Manar Galal, Amira Galal Ismail, and Rasha M. Abdelraouf. "Evaluation of Flexibility, Microstructure and Elemental Analysis of Some Contemporary Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 21 (October 13, 2019): 3647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.811.
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BACKGROUND: Contemporary nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary endodontic instruments had a revolutionary impact on the success of root canal treatment.
AIM: To evaluate the flexibility, microstructure and elemental analysis of four different recent NiTi rotary instruments, namely; Wave One Gold, TF adaptive, HyFlex EDM and Gr_Reciproc Blue compared to conventional Protaper Universal (F2).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The NiTi rotary files were subjected to cantilever bending test to evaluate their flexibility. The microstructural characteristics and elemental analysis were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX).
RESULTS: The TF adaptive, HyFlex EDM and Wave One Gold endodontic files showed significantly lower cantilever bending values (i.e., higher flexibility) than Protaper F2 and Gr_Reciproc Blue (p < 0.05). The SEM micrographs showed that the bulk of all examined files showed multiple striations due to the cutting process, on the other hand, their external surfaces were different: The Protaper Universal F2 showed multiple voids, while the TF Adaptive surface exhibited more uniform structure. The Hyflex EDM had a crater-like surface, whereas Wave one Gold showed machining grooves with minimum defects, while Reciproc Blue displayed machining grooves with random scratch lines. There was a significant difference in bulk and surface elemental analysis of the various examined files, yet composed mainly of the same elements.
CONCLUSION: Chemical composition, heat treatment, manufacturing process and geometrical design of the NiTi rotary instrument have a great influence on their flexibility and microstructure.
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Ruiz-Sánchez, Celia, Vicente Faus-Llácer, Ignacio Faus-Matoses, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, Salvatore Sauro, and Vicente Faus-Matoses. "The Influence of NiTi Alloy on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Endodontic Files." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 11 (November 21, 2020): 3755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113755.
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Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of NiTi alloy in endodontic rotary instruments on cyclic fatigue resistance. Methods: One hundred and sixty-four (164) sterile endodontic rotary files were selected and distributed into the following study groups: A: 25.08 F2 ProTaper Universal (PTU) (n = 41); B: 25.06 X2 ProTaper Next (PTN) (n = 41); C: 25.08 F2 ProTaper Gold (PTG) (n = 41), and D: 25.06 ProFile Vortex Blue (PVB) (n = 41). A cyclic fatigue device was designed to conduct the static cyclic fatigue tests with stainless steel artificial root canals systems with 250 µm apical diameter, 60° curvature angle, 5 mm radius of curvature, 20 mm length, and 6% (25.06) and 8% taper (25.08). Failure of the endodontic rotary instrument was detected by a single operator through direct observation and was also filmed to allow measurement of the exact time to failure. Results were analyzed using the ANOVA test and Weibull statistical analysis. Results: All pairwise comparisons presented statistically significant differences between the time to failure for the NiTi alloy study groups (p < 0.001), except between the PTN and PVB study groups (p = 0.379). In addition, statistically significant differences between the number of cycles to failure for the NiTi alloy study groups (p < 0.001) were also observed. Conclusions: The NiTi CM-Gold wire alloy of the ProTaper Gold endodontic rotary files resulted in greater resistance to cyclic fatigue than ProFile Vortex Blue, ProTaper Next, and ProTaper Universal endodontic rotary files.
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Shahi, Shahriar, Mahmoud Bahari, Mohammad Samiei, Hamidreza Yavari, and Shabnam Mohammadzadeh. "Effect of RaCe, ProTaper, and V-Taper rotary systems on dentinal crack formation during endodontic treatment: An in vitro study." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 15, no. 4 (December 5, 2021): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/joddd.2021.041.
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Background. Prevention of dentinal crack formation is of utmost importance in endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RaCe, ProTaper, and V-Taper rotary systems on dentinal crack formation in three root regions during endodontic treatment. Methods. Seventy human mandibular first molars were selected randomly, and their distal roots were used. Ten samples were assigned to the control group, and sixty samples were assigned to three groups (n=20). Each group was prepared with RaCe, ProTaper, or V-Taper rotary files according to the manufacturers’ instructions. A stereomicroscope was used to view cracks at ×40 magnification. Friedman’s, chi-squared, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis of data (P<0.05). Results. A comparison of the three rotary systems did not reveal any significant differences in the number of cracks between the three root thirds evaluated (P>0.05). A comparison of the number of cracks in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds in each rotary system showed that the number of cracks in the middle third was fewer than that in the two other thirds only in the V-Taper group (P<0.05), with no significant differences in the ProTaper and RaCe groups between the different root regions (P>0.05). Conclusion. The application of RaCe, ProTaper, and V-Taper rotary files resulted in a similar rate of crack formation in endodontic treatment. V-Taper files created the minimum number of cracks in the middle third.