Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rothamsted agricultural experiments

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Academic literature on the topic 'Rothamsted agricultural experiments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Rothamsted agricultural experiments"

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Powlson, David, and Phil Brookes. "David Stewart Jenkinson. 25 February 1928 — 16 February 2011." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 63 (January 2017): 377–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2017.0007.

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David Jenkinson was one of the most influential soil scientists of his generation, bringing new insights into the transformations of organic matter and nitrogen in soil. He spent the majority of his career at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK. His studies were influential regarding the role of soil carbon stocks in the context of climate change and the role of nitrogen fertilizer in delivering adequate supplies of food for a growing world population. His research encompassed both fundamental studies on soil processes and immensely practical applications of this knowledge, often utilizing the Rothamsted long-term experiments that have run for over 170 years. He is particularly well known for his development of a method for determining the quantity of organic carbon held in the cells of living micro-organisms in soil, termed the ‘soil microbial biomass’. This breakthrough opened the way for a new wave of soil biological research. David developed one of the earliest computer models for the turnover of organic carbon in soil, known as the Rothamsted Carbon Model, RothC. This model, conceptually very simple, has proved highly successful in simulating and predicting changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) content under different management practices worldwide, being used by over 2600 people in 115 countries. His research using the stable isotope of nitrogen, 15 N, in large-scale field experiments drew attention to the factors leading to inefficiencies in the use of nitrogen fertilizer but also demonstrated that it is possible to achieve high efficiency if good agricultural management practices are followed. It also demonstrated, more clearly than previously, the great importance of soil organic matter as a source of nitrogen for crops and the role of the soil microbial biomass both in immobilizing a proportion of applied fertilizer nitrogen and also in causing confusion in the interpretation of such experiments. By calculating nitrogen budgets for the Rothamsted long-term experiments he quantified the deposition of nitrogen compounds from atmosphere to land, laying foundations for later studies concerning the ecological and agricultural impacts of this significant input of nitrogen.
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2

Powlson, D. S., and P. R. Poulton. "Using the long‐term experiments at rothamsted to address current agricultural and environmental issues." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 42, no. 6 (March 1998): 455–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650349809385747.

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3

Poulton, PR. "The importance of long-term trials in understanding sustainable farming systems: the Rothamsted experience." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 7 (1995): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950825.

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This paper gives examples of how long-term experiments can be used t o improve our understanding of sustainable farming systems. Rothamsted conducts more than 20 long-term (>20 years) experiments in south-eastern England; several were started in the middle of the last century. Some have continued with minor changes, others have been modified considerably t o ensure their continuation and relevance. Examples are given of the effect on soils and crop yields of organic matter, the availability of P, and acidification. The use of archived material in addressing problems not even considered when the experiments began is also discussed. Long-term experiments are essential in determining the factors affecting soil fertility and sustainable production. In many cases, effects may only be observed or interactions become apparent over an extended time. Full use should be made of existing experiments and data; in particular, those on different soil types and under different climatic conditions should be compared so that the information is valuable to farmers, advisers, legislators, and other scientists in both the local and wider community.
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4

Poulton, P. R. "Management and modification procedures for long-term field experiments." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): 587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-106.

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Long-term experiments like those at Rothamsted in southeast England offer the best practical means of studying the effects of land management or global change on soil fertility, sustainability of yield or wider environmental issues. For the data from such experiments to be of use, farmers, scientists and policy makers must be certain of their validity. This is best assured by the rigorous management of the experiment, by ensuring that any changes are carefully considered and that all operations are well-documented. A steady flow of well-interpreted, published data is also essential. This paper gives examples of how the long-term field experiments at Rothamsted have been managed and how modifications have been made to ensure their relevance to modern agriculture. Key words: Rothamsted, sustainability, long-term experiments, global change
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Poulton, P. R. "The Rothamsted long-term experiments: Are they still relevant?" Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): 559–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-103.

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Maintaining soil fertility and sustaining or increasing crop yield is of worldwide importance. Many factors impact upon the complex biological, chemical and physical processes which govern soil fertility. Changes in fertility caused by acidification, declining levels of organic matter, or P and K status may take many years to appear. These properties can in turn be affected by external influences such as atmospheric pollution, global change, or changes in land management practice. Long-term experiments provide the best practical means of studying changes in soil properties and processes and providing information for farmers, scientists and policy makers. This paper shows how the experiments run at Rothamsted in southeast England continue to provide data which are highly relevant to today's agriculture and wider environmental concerns. Examples are given of how crop yield is affected by soil organic matter, by pests and disease and by P nutrition. The effect of atmospheric pollution on soil acidity and the mobilization of heavy metals are also examined. The need for making better use of existing long-term experiments is stressed. Key words: Soil fertility, sustainability, long-term experiments, global change
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6

Catt, John A., and Ian F. Henderson. "Rothamsted Experimental Station – 150 Years of Agricultural Research The Longest Continuous Scientific Experiment?" Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 18, no. 4 (December 1, 1993): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/030801893789766609.

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7

Catt, John A., and Ian F. Henderson. "Rothamsted Experimental Station – 150 Years of Agricultural Research The Longest Continuous Scientific Experiment?" Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 18, no. 4 (December 1993): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.1993.18.4.365.

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8

Johnston, A. E., and P. R. Poulton. "The importance of long-term experiments in agriculture: their management to ensure continued crop production and soil fertility; the Rothamsted experience." European Journal of Soil Science 69, no. 1 (January 2018): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12521.

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9

Potts, J. M. "Methods for Estimating Common Parameters in Dependent Regressions Applied to Data from the Rothamsted Park Grass Experiment." Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics 1, no. 3 (September 1996): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1400522.

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10

Thomas, Cathy L., Gifty E. Acquah, Andrew P. Whitmore, Steve P. McGrath, and Stephan M. Haefele. "The Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Soil and Crop Nutrient Concentrations." Agronomy 9, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120776.

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At present, organic fertilizers are not widely used in intensive arable agriculture, and not much is known about their effects on crop nutrition. In a field experiment at Rothamsted, UK, anaerobic digestate (AD), compost, farmyard manure (FYM), straw, and mixes of amendment + straw, were applied at: 1, 1.75, 2.5 or 3.5 t carbon ha−1, with all plots receiving the same input of mineral fertilizer. After five seasons of application, plots receiving non-straw amendments had greater straw and grain yield of 28% and 18% respectively, and plots receiving the highest amendment rate had a 37% higher straw and 23% higher grain yield, compared to control plots. Whereas, the straw-only amendment did not increase yield compared to the control. The concentrations of secondary and micro nutrients in the crop, particularly P, Ca, and S in the straw, and P and Fe in the grain, were significantly greater in the crop receiving non-straw amendment compared to the control. Interestingly K, Fe, and Zn were greater in the crop straw treated with the straw-only amendment. Therefore ‘biomass dilution’ of secondary and micro nutrients did not occur in the higher-yielding amended plots after five seasons, and organic fertilizers would improve the quality of high-yielding, intensively produced crops. The study also demonstrates that portable x-ray fluorescence (pXRF) could be a reliable, cost-effective tool for screening potential organic fertilizers.
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Books on the topic "Rothamsted agricultural experiments"

1

A, Leigh R., Johnston A. E, C. A. B. International, and Rothamsted Experimental Station, eds. Long-term experiments in agricultural and ecological sciences: Proceedings of a conference to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Rothamsted Experimental Station, held at Rothamsted, 14-17 July 1993. Wallingford: CAB International, 1994.

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2

Aslin, Mary S. Catalogue of the Printed Books on Agriculture: Published Between 1471 and 1840. Martino Publishing, 2002.

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3

Gilbert, Joseph Henry, Sir, 1817-1901. and American Association for the Advancement of Science., eds. Determinations of nitrogen in the soils of some of the experimental fields at Rothamsted: And the bearing of the results on the question of the sources of the nitrogen of our crops. London: Harrison, 1985.

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4

Gilbert, J. H. Sir, 1817-1901. and American Association for the Advancement of Science., eds. Determinations of nitrogen in the soils of some of the experimental fields at Rothamsted: And the bearing of the results on the question of the sources of the nitrogen of our crops. London: Harrison, 1985.

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