Relevant bibliographies by topics / RothC model

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Academic literature on the topic 'RothC model'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 20 February 2023
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "RothC model"

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Paul, K. I., and P. J. Polglase. "Calibration of the RothC model to turnover of soil carbon under eucalypts and pines." Soil Research 42, no. 8 (2004): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr04025.

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Abstract The FullCAM model was developed for full carbon accounting in agriculture and forests at project and national scales. For forest systems, FullCAM links the empirical CAMFor model to models of tree growth (3PG), litter decomposition (GENDEC), and soil carbon turnover (RothC). Our objective was to calibrate RothC within the FullCAM framework using 2 long-term forestry experiments where productivity had been manipulated and archived and new soil samples were available for analysis of carbon within the various pools described by RothC. Inputs of carbon to soil at these trials were estimated by calibrating FullCAM to temporal data on above-ground growth, litterfall, and accumulation of litter. Two alternative submodels are available in FullCAM (CAMFor and GENDEC) for predicting decomposition of litter, and thus the input of carbon into the soil. Calibration of RothC was most sensitive to the partitioning of carbon during decomposition of debris between that lost as CO2 and that transferred to soil. Turnover of soil carbon was best simulated when the proportion of carbon lost to CO2 from relatively labile pools of debris was 77% (when simulated by CAMFor) and 95% (when simulated by GENDEC), whereas resistant pools of debris lost about 40% to CO2 during decomposition. Although rates of decomposition of pools of soil carbon were originally developed in RothC for agricultural soils, these constants were found to be also suitable for soils under plantation systems.
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Diele, Fasma, Carmela Marangi, and Angela Martiradonna. "Non-Standard Discrete RothC Models for Soil Carbon Dynamics." Axioms 10, no. 2 (April 8, 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10020056.

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Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) is one of the key indicators of land degradation. SOC positively affects soil functions with regard to habitats, biological diversity and soil fertility; therefore, a reduction in the SOC stock of soil results in degradation, and it may also have potential negative effects on soil-derived ecosystem services. Dynamical models, such as the Rothamsted Carbon (RothC) model, may predict the long-term behaviour of soil carbon content and may suggest optimal land use patterns suitable for the achievement of land degradation neutrality as measured in terms of the SOC indicator. In this paper, we compared continuous and discrete versions of the RothC model, especially to achieve long-term solutions. The original discrete formulation of the RothC model was then compared with a novel non-standard integrator that represents an alternative to the exponential Rosenbrock–Euler approach in the literature.
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GONZÁLEZ-MOLINA, L., J. D. ETCHEVERS-BARRA, F. PAZ-PELLAT, H. DÍAZ-SOLIS, M. H. FUENTES-PONCE, S. COVALEDA-OCÓN, and M. PANDO-MORENO. "Performance of the RothC-26.3 model in short-term experiments in Mexican sites and systems." Journal of Agricultural Science 149, no. 4 (March 10, 2011): 415–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000232.

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SUMMARYInformation on the performance of the Rothamsted organic carbon turnover model (RothC model) in predicting changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) in short-term experiments is scarce. In Mexico, it was found that these experiments covered not more than 20 years. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate short-term SOC prediction performance of the RothC model in the following systems: (1) farming with residues added (A+R), (2) farming with no added residues (A−R), (3) pure forest stands (F), (4) grasslands (GR) and (5) rangeland (RL). Work was done in five experimental sites: Atécuaro, Michoacán; Santiago Tlalpan, Tlaxcala; El Batán, State of Mexico; Sierra Norte, Oaxaca; and Linares, Nuevo León. Carbon (C) inputs to the soil were plant residues and organic fertilizers, which need to be known to operate the RothC model. The adjustment coefficients for site modelling had R2 values of 0·77–0·95 and model efficiency (EF) was −0·60 to 0·93. When RothC performance was evaluated by a system, R2 values were 0·06–0·92 and EF was −0·24 to 0·90. The low R2 and EF values in rangelands were attributed to the fact that these systems are complex because of heterogeneous vegetation, soil and climate. In general, the evaluation of the RothC model indicates that it can be useful in simulating SOC changes in temperate and warm climate sites and in farming, forest and grassland systems in Mexico.
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D’Avino, Lorenzo, Claudia Di Bene, Roberta Farina, and Francesco Razza. "Introduction of Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) in a Rainfed Rotation to Improve Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Marginal Lands." Agronomy 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10070946.

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The production of a biomass as a feedstock for biorefinery is gaining attention in many agricultural areas. The adoption of biorefinery crops (i.e., perennial cardoon) can represent an interesting option for farmers and can contribute to increase soil organic carbon stock (SOCS). The study aimed to assess the potential effect on long-term SOCS change by the introduction of cardoon in a Mediterranean marginal area (Sassari, Italy). To this end, three process-oriented models, namely the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories (Tier 2), a humus-balance model (SOMBIT) and Rothamsted carbon model (RothC), were used to compare two scenarios over 20 years. The traditional cropping system’s faba bean–durum wheat biennial rotation was compared with the same scenario alternating seven years of cardoon cultivation. The model’s calibration was performed using climate, soil and crop data measured in three cardoon trials between 2011 and 2019. SOMBIT and Roth C models showed the best values of model performance metrics. By the insertion of cardoon, IPCC tool, SOMBIT and RothC models predicted an average annual SOCS increase, whereas, in the baseline scenario, the models predicted a steady state or a slight SOCS decrease. This increase can be attributed to a higher input of above- and belowground plant residues and a lower number of bare soil days (41 vs. 146 days year−1).
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Jebari, Asma, Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes, Guillermo Pardo, María Almagro, and Agustin del Prado. "Estimating soil organic carbon changes in managed temperate moist grasslands with RothC." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): e0256219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256219.

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Temperate grassland soils store significant amounts of carbon (C). Estimating how much livestock grazing and manuring can influence grassland soil organic carbon (SOC) is key to improve greenhouse gas grassland budgets. The Rothamsted Carbon (RothC) model, although originally developed and parameterized to model the turnover of organic C in arable topsoil, has been widely used, with varied success, to estimate SOC changes in grassland under different climates, soils, and management conditions. In this paper, we hypothesise that RothC-based SOC predictions in managed grasslands under temperate moist climatic conditions can be improved by incorporating small modifications to the model based on existing field data from diverse experimental locations in Europe. For this, we described and evaluated changes at the level of: (1) the soil water function of RothC, (2) entry pools accounting for the degradability of the exogenous organic matter (EOM) applied (e.g., ruminant excreta), (3) the month-on-month change in the quality of C inputs coming from plant residues (i.e above-, below-ground plant residue and rhizodeposits), and (4) the livestock trampling effect (i.e., poaching damage) as a common problem in areas with higher annual precipitation. In order to evaluate the potential utility of these changes, we performed a simple sensitivity analysis and tested the model predictions against averaged data from four grassland experiments in Europe. Our evaluation showed that the default model’s performance was 78% and whereas some of the modifications seemed to improve RothC SOC predictions (model performance of 95% and 86% for soil water function and plant residues, respectively), others did not lead to any/or almost any improvement (model performance of 80 and 46% for the change in the C input quality and livestock trampling, respectively). We concluded that, whereas adding more complexity to the RothC model by adding the livestock trampling would actually not improve the model, adding the modified soil water function and plant residue components, and at a lesser extent residues quality, could improve predictability of the RothC in managed grasslands under temperate moist climatic conditions.
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Mondini, Claudio, Maria Luz Cayuela, Tania Sinicco, Flavio Fornasier, Antonia Galvez, and Miguel Angel Sánchez-Monedero. "Modification of the RothC model to simulate soil C mineralization of exogenous organic matter." Biogeosciences 14, no. 13 (July 10, 2017): 3253–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3253-2017.

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Abstract. The development of soil organic C (SOC) models capable of producing accurate predictions for the long-term decomposition of exogenous organic matter (EOM) in soils is important for the effective management of organic amendments. However, reliable C modeling in amended soils requires specific optimization of current C models to take into account the high variability in EOM origin and properties. The aim of this work was to improve the prediction of C mineralization rates in amended soils by modifying the RothC model to encompass a better description of EOM quality. The standard RothC model, involving C input to the soil only as decomposable (DPM) or resistant (RPM) organic material, was modified by introducing additional pools of decomposable (DEOM), resistant (REOM) and humified (HEOM) EOM. The partitioning factors and decomposition rates of the additional EOM pools were estimated by model fitting to the respiratory curves of amended soils. For this task, 30 EOMs from 8 contrasting groups (compost, anaerobic digestates, sewage sludge, agro-industrial waste, crop residues, bioenergy by-products, animal residues and meat and bone meals) were added to 10 soils and incubated under different conditions. The modified RothC model was fitted to C mineralization curves in amended soils with great accuracy (mean correlation coefficient 0.995). In contrast to the standard model, the EOM-optimized RothC was able to better accommodate the large variability in EOM source and composition, as indicated by the decrease in the root mean square error of the simulations for different EOMs (from 29.9 to 3.7 % and 20.0 to 2.5 % for soils amended with bioethanol residue and household waste compost, respectively). The average decomposition rates for DEOM and REOM pools were 89 and 0.4 yr−1, higher than the standard model coefficients for DPM (10 yr−1) and RPM (0.3 yr−1). The results indicate that the explicit treatment of EOM heterogeneity enhances the model ability to describe amendment decomposition under laboratory conditions and provides useful information to improve C modeling on the effects of different EOM on C dynamics in agricultural soils. Future research will involve the validation of the modified model with field data and its application in the long-term simulation of SOC patterns in amended soil at regional scales under climate change.
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Barančíková, G., J. Halás, M. Gutteková, J. Makovníková, M. Nováková, R. Skalský, and Z. Tarasovičová. "Application of RothC model to predict soil organic carbon stock on agricultural soils of Slovakia." Soil and Water Research 5, No. 1 (February 26, 2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/23/2009-swr.

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Soil organic matter (SOM) takes part in many environmental functions and, depending on the conditions, it can be a source or a sink of the greenhouse gases. Presently, the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock can arise because of the climatic changes or changes in the land use and land management. A promising method in the estimation of SOC changes is modelling, one of the most used models for the prediction of changes in soil organic carbon stock on agricultural land being the RothC model. Because of its simplicity and availability of the input data, RothC was used for testing the efficiency to predict the development of SOC stock during 35-year period on agricultural land of Slovakia. The received data show an increase of SOC stock during the first (20 years) phase and no significant changes in the course of the second part of modelling. The increase of SOC stock in the first phase can be explained by a high carbon input of plant residues and manure and a lower temperature in comparison with the second modelling part.
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Pulcher, Roberta, Enrico Balugani, Maurizio Ventura, Nicolas Greggio, and Diego Marazza. "Inclusion of biochar in a C dynamics model based on observations from an 8-year field experiment." SOIL 8, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-199-2022.

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Abstract. Biochar production and application as soil amendment is a promising carbon (C)-negative technology to increase soil C sequestration and mitigate climate change. However, there is a lack of knowledge about biochar degradation rate in soil and its effects on native soil organic carbon (SOC), mainly due to the absence of long-term experiments performed in field conditions. The aim of this work was to investigate the long-term degradation rate of biochar in an 8-year field experiment in a poplar short-rotation coppice plantation in Piedmont (Italy), and to modify the RothC model to assess and predict how biochar influences soil C dynamics. The RothC model was modified by including two biochar pools, labile (4 % of the total biochar mass) and recalcitrant (96 %), and the priming effect of biochar on SOC. The model was calibrated and validated using data from the field experiment. The results confirm that biochar degradation can be faster in field conditions in comparison to laboratory experiments; nevertheless, it can contribute to a substantial increase in the soil C stock in the long term. Moreover, this study shows that the modified RothC model was able to simulate the dynamics of biochar and SOC degradation in soils in field conditions in the long term, at least in the specific conditions examined.
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Fantin, Valentina, Alessandro Buscaroli, Patrizia Buttol, Elisa Novelli, Cristian Soldati, Denis Zannoni, Giovanni Zucchi, and Serena Righi. "The RothC Model to Complement Life Cycle Analyses: A Case Study of an Italian Olive Grove." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010569.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a fundamental role in soil health, and its storage in soil is an important element to mitigate climate change. How to include this factor in Life Cycle Assessment studies has been the object of several papers and is still under discussion. SOC storage has been proposed as an additional environmental information in some applications of the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF). In the framework of wider activity aimed at producing the PEF of olive oil, the RothC model was applied to an olive cultivation located in Lazio region (Italy) to calculate the SOC storage and assess four scenarios representing different agricultural practices. RothC applicability, possible use of its results for improving product environmental performance, and relevance of SOC storage in terms of CO2eq compared to greenhouse gas emissions of the life-cycle of olive oil are discussed in this paper. According to the results, in all scenarios, the contribution in terms of CO2eq associated with SOC storage is remarkable compared to the total greenhouse gas emissions of the olive oil life-cycle. It is the opinion of the authors that the calculation of the SOC balance allows a more proper evaluation of the agricultural products contribution to climate change, and that the indications of the scenarios analysis are useful to enhance the environmental performance of these products. The downside is that the application of RothC requires additional data collection and expertise if compared to the execution of PEF studies.
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Scharnagl, B., J. A. Vrugt, H. Vereecken, and M. Herbst. "Information content of incubation experiments for inverse estimation of pools in the Rothamsted carbon model: a Bayesian perspective." Biogeosciences 7, no. 2 (February 25, 2010): 763–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-763-2010.

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Abstract. A major drawback of current soil organic carbon (SOC) models is that their conceptually defined pools do not necessarily correspond to measurable SOC fractions in real practice. This not only impairs our ability to rigorously evaluate SOC models but also makes it difficult to derive accurate initial states of the individual carbon pools. In this study, we tested the feasibility of inverse modelling for estimating pools in the Rothamsted carbon model (ROTHC) using mineralization rates observed during incubation experiments. This inverse approach may provide an alternative to existing SOC fractionation methods. To illustrate our approach, we used a time series of synthetically generated mineralization rates using the ROTHC model. We adopted a Bayesian approach using the recently developed DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm to infer probability density functions of the various carbon pools at the start of incubation. The Kullback-Leibler divergence was used to quantify the information content of the mineralization rate data. Our results indicate that measured mineralization rates generally provided sufficient information to reliably estimate all carbon pools in the ROTHC model. The incubation time necessary to appropriately constrain all pools was about 900 days. The use of prior information on microbial biomass carbon significantly reduced the uncertainty of the initial carbon pools, decreasing the required incubation time to about 600 days. Simultaneous estimation of initial carbon pools and decomposition rate constants significantly increased the uncertainty of the carbon pools. This effect was most pronounced for the intermediate and slow pools. Altogether, our results demonstrate that it is particularly difficult to derive reasonable estimates of the humified organic matter pool and the inert organic matter pool from inverse modelling of mineralization rates observed during incubation experiments.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RothC model"

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Karunaratne, Senani Bandara. "Modelling soil organic Carbon in space and time." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10289.

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In recent times there is an increasing interest in the quantification of the variation in soil organic carbon (SOC) in space and time. Quantification of this variation is important since SOC is important for many soil physical, chemical and biological properties and soil processes which lead to sustainable crop production in agricultural soil. In addition, SOC also helps to reduce the impacts of climatic change if it can be stored in soil for the long term in what is called “soil carbon sequestration”. The focus of the work included in this thesis is to model the space and time variation using both statistical as well as process/mechanistic models of SOC. In process modelling of SOC, the Rothamsted carbon model (RothC model) was used to assess the spatial and temporal changes in SOC. The RothC model can be used to simulate the variation of SOC over the time using readily available spatial data. Therefore, this research has (a) tested the application of mid infra red / partial least-square regression models (MIR/PLSR models) in predicting SOC in archived soil data in combination with newly collected SOC data; (b) assessed changes in SOC using legacy soil data as the baseline survey; (c) mapped the measurable SOC fractions related to RothC model at the catchment scale; (d) simulated SOC across a catchment with the RothC model using readily available spatial data; (e) calibrated the rate constants of the RothC model at the catchment scale using Bayesian inverse modelling. The first research chapter (chapter 3) concentrates on the development of MIR/PLSR models to predict total SOC in archived soil datasets in relation to legacy soil datasets. The legacy soil information can be used to assess the temporal changes of SOC if they are considered to be the baseline survey. However, the use of legacy soil data directly for comparison will not be possible due to differences in the laboratory method used to measure SOC (analytical) and in the sampling support (see chapter 4 for more details). Therefore, an attempt was made to predict total SOC for archived soil data which corresponds to a legacy soil dataset collected in year 2000 in combination with newly collected data in year 2010. A total of eight (8) different MIR/PLSR calibration models were developed to predict SOC in archived soils. In development of these models an attempt was made to select samples (n = 24) from archived soil data using different sampling strategies which were used in combination (spiking) with the newly collected dataset for year 2010. It was found that all developed calibration models performed well based on internal cross validation. However, the independent validation results revealed sample selection through the Kernnard Stone algorithm performed best compared to other approaches, e.g. conditional latin hypercube sampling. In practical terms, it is not possible to analyse a large number of soil samples in archives with traditional lab based methods. Therefore, development of effective and practical oriented MIR/PLSR models will be cost effective and save laboratory processing time in relation to the determination of total SOC in archived soil properties. Chapter 4 is focused on the assessment of the change in SOC at the catchment scale using legacy soil data as the baseline survey. In this chapter two main approaches were used to assess the change in SOC namely; design-based inference methods and model-based inference methods. It also demonstrated “how to get design-based estimates when the sampling design is non-probabilistic” which is common for most legacy datasets. Design-based inference was carried out to see the change in SOC after calculating the 95 % confidence interval around the mean for the considered soil-land use complexes (SLU). If the 95 % confidence intervals for a considered SLU complex overlap each other, then it was concluded that the change is statistically not significant at the 0.05 probability level. In the model-based approach digital soil mapping (DSM) techniques were utilized where linear mixed models (LMM) were used to map the changes in SOC across the catchment. This chapter also reported issues with legacy soil data when they are used as the baseline survey and some of the ways to overcome those issues. Both statistical inference methods revealed that there is a drop in SOC between the two surveys (year 2000 and year 2010). However, that drop was not reported as statistically significant at the 0.05 probability level for both inference methods. Chapter 5 is focused on mapping measurable fractions of the RothC model at the catchment scale. The measurable fractions of the RothC model were predicted based on MIR spectra acquired for the 2010 dataset using newly developed MIR/PLSR models from the Australian carbon research programme (SCaRP) lead by CSIRO (2009 – 2012). Even though there are many papers related to mapping SOC there are only very few papers that are available related to mapping of SOC fractions. According to the reviewed literature this is the first time that measurable fractions of SOC related to the RothC model have been mapped. For the mapping purposes three separate LMMs were used and developed models were validated with leave-one-out-cross validation. In addition, conditional sequential Gaussian simulations were carried out to assess the uncertainties related to predicted maps. Throughout this chapter it is discussed how these DSM outputs can be used as inputs to the RothC model in order to run it spatially. Finally chapter 6 and 7 are focused on process modelling of SOC with RothC model. Chapter 6 highlights different ways of running RothC model spatially across a catchment. As the first step, the RothC model was initialized across the landscape using different initialization methods. A novel approach was tested where temporal C inputs were predicted from MODIS derived NPP data. Once data is prepared simulations across landscapes were carried out with 50 model combinations. These different model combinations consisting of different rate constants (2 levels), methods of initialization (5 levels) and sources of C inputs (5 levels) were compared (2 × 5 × 5 = 50 model combinations). It was found that different methods of initialization resulted in statistically significant initial SOC pools that are used as part of the RothC model. Further, it revealed that at the end of the simulations, (after 10 years) total SOC was statistically different at the 0.05 probability level based on different combinations. Results highlighted that there is great potential to use satellite derived products as drivers for future modelling of SOC. In chapter 7 Bayesian inverse modelling was utilized to estimate the uncertainty of the rate constants of the RothC model. The RothC model was re-programmed and calibrated in a Bayesian context using the “DREAM” algorithm. Once the posterior probability density functions (PDF) for the four (4) rate constants were obtained, they were used to carry out simulations using the entire PDF. Simulated results show the uncertainty created due to uncertainty about the model rate constants. This is an important step since process models such as RothC are widely applied to assess the impact of future climatic scenarios in relation to SOC without any calibration or assessment of uncertainties of the simulations. According to reviewed literature this is the first application of DREAM algorithm in calibration of RothC model rate constants for a catchment scale dataset.
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Gonçalves, Daniel Ruiz Potma. "Soil carbon balance in long-term no-till in a sub-tropical environment." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2018. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2525.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Solos podem ser uma fonte ou um dreno de CO2 atmosférico, dependendo do seu sistema de manejo. Atualmente, o uso do solo e mudança de uso do solo emitem 1,3 ± 0,5 Pg C ano-1, equivalente a 8% das emissões globais. Técnicas como a agricultura de baixa emissão de C têm sido desenvolvidas para sequestrar C nos solos e reduzir a emissão de gases do efeito estufa. Porém, além dos desafios políticos e sociais envolvendo a doção destes sistemas, ainda há muita incerteza sobre o seu real potencial de mitigação. Assim, os objetivos desse estudo foram: i) Quantificar as fontes históricas e atuais de emissão de gases do efeito estufa na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná, Brasil; ii) quantificar o potencial das melhores práticas de manejo agrícola baseadas nos três pilares da agricultura de conservação: Solo permanentemente coberto, plantio direto e rotação de culturas, em longo prazo (30 anos) para sequestrar carbono no solo, utilizando a fazenda Paiquerê (localizada na região dos Campos Gerais) como um modelo de sucesso; iii) estimar o impacto da adoção das melhores práticas de manejo nas áreas agrícolas da região e globalmente onde adequadas pelos próximos 100 anos utilizando os modelos Century e Roth-C. As fontes de gases do efeito estufa foram apresentadas como um inventário e mostraram que as emissões históricas (1930 – 2017) foram 412,18 Tg C, no qual as mudanças de uso do solo contribuíram com 91% (376,2±130 Tg C). As florestas sequestraram 51.7 ± 23.9 Tg C em 0.6 Mha em 47 anos (1.8 Tg C Mha-1 ano-1) e o plantio direto sequestrou 30.4 ± 23.9 Tg C em 1.9 Mha em 32 anos (0.5 Tg C Mha-1 ano-1). Ambos os modelos tiveram uma boa performance e o modelo Century foi mais eficiente em simular os estoques de carbono do solo, o resíduo médio da simulação foi 10 Mg C ha−1 (13%) para n = 91. O resíduo do modelo aumentou com a quantidade de óxidos no solo, sugerindo que a inclusão do controle mineralógico pode reduzir o viés de simulação. As predições do Century mostraram que o sistema tem potencial para mitigar 13 anos de emissões regionais (330 Tg C em 100 anos) ou 105 anos de emissões do setor agricultura, floresta e pecuária (40 Tg em 100 anos) na região. Da mesma forma, globalmente o sistema apresenta um potencial para sequestrar 2,5 ± 0.02 Pg C na profundidade 0–20 cm e 11,7 ± 3 Pg C na profundidade 0-100 cm em 86 milhões de ha distribuídos por todo o mundo. Este valor é equivalente à 11% das emissões globais dos setores agricultura, floresta e pecuária e mudanças de uso do solo. Assim, a nossa metodologia possa ser utilizada como um modelo para divulgar o potencial da agricultura conservacionista em sequestrar C nos solos e suportar políticas públicas que visem à mitigação das emissões de gases do efeito estufa.
Soils can be a source or sink of atmospheric CO2, according to land use and management. Currently the land use and land use change (LULUC) emits 1.3 ± 0.5 Pg carbon (C) year-1, equivalent to 8% of the global annual emission. Techniques such as low carbon agriculture, has been developed to sequester C in soils and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, besides political and social challenges for the system adoption, there’s still great uncertainty related to its real mitigation potential. This study aimed: i) Quantify the historical and current main sources of GHG emissions for Campos Gerais region in Paraná state, Brazil; ii) quantify the potential of long term (30 years) agricultural best management practices, based on the three pillars of conservative agriculture: permanent soil cover, crop rotation and no-till, to sequester C in soils, using Paiquerê farm (located in Campos Gerais region) as a successful model; iii) estimate the impact of best management practices adoption in the region croplands and globally for the next 100 years where is suitable using Century and Roth-C models. The GHG emission sources were presented as an inventory and showed that historical (1930 – 2017) GHG emissions in the region was 412.18 Tg C, in which LULUC contributes 91% (376.2±130 Tg C). Forestry sequestered 51.7 ± 23.9 Tg C in 0.6 Mha in 47 years (1.8 Tg C Mha-1 year-1) and no-till sequestered 30.4 ± 23.9 Tg C in 1.9 Mha in 32 years (0.5 Tg C Mha-1 year-1). Both models performed well, and Century was more efficient for simulate the SOC stocks, the mean residue was 10 Mg C ha−1 (13%) for n = 91. The model residue increased along with the oxides content in the soil clay fraction, suggesting that mineralogical control inclusion can reduce the model simulation bias. Century predictions showed that the system currently practiced at Paiquerê farm have the potential to mitigate 13 years of regional total emissions (330 Tg C in 100 years) or 105 years of agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector emissions (40 Tg in 100 years) in the region. In the same way, it has the potential to sequester 2.5±0.02 Pg C at 0-20 cm and 11.7±3 Pg C at 0-100 cm soil depth in 86 million ha globally. This is equivalent to 11% of global annual emissions from LULUC sector. In this way, our methodology can be used as a model to access the potential of conservation agriculture to sequester C and support public policies aiming to mitigate GHG emissions.
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Hart, Derrick N. "Finite Field Models of Roth's Theorem in One and Two Dimensions." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11516.

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Recent work on many problems in additive combinatorics, such as Roth's Theorem, has shown the usefulness of first studying the problem in a finite field environment. Using the techniques of Bourgain to give a result in other settings such as general abelian groups, the author gives a walk through, including proof, of Roth's theorem in both the one dimensional and two dimensional cases (it would be more accurate to refer to the two dimensional case as Shkredov's Theorem). In the one dimensional case the argument is at its base Meshulam's but the structure will be essentially Green's. Let Ϝⁿ [subscript p], p ≠ 2 be the finite field of cardinality N = pⁿ. For large N, any subset A ⊂ Ϝⁿ [subscript p] of cardinality ∣A ∣≳ N ∕ log N must contain a triple of the form {x, x + d, x + 2d} for x, d ∈ Ϝⁿ [subscript p], d ≠ 0. In the two dimensional case the argument is Lacey and McClain who made considerable refinements to this argument of Green who was bringing the argument to the finite field case from a paper of Shkredov. Let Ϝ ⁿ ₂ be the finite field of cardinality N = 2ⁿ. For all large N, any subset A⊂ Ϝⁿ ₂ × Ϝⁿ ₂ of cardinality ∣A ∣≳ N ² (log n) − [superscript epsilon], ε <, 1, must contain a corner {(x, y), (x + d, y), (x, y + d)} for x, y, d ∈ Ϝⁿ₂ and d ≠ 0.
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Stopper, Daniel [Verfasser], and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth. "Structure and Dynamics of Model Fluids with Anisotropic Interactions / Daniel Stopper ; Betreuer: Roland Roth." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200916859/34.

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Arzhanov, Alexander [Verfasser], Gabriel [Akademischer Betreuer] Martínez-Pinedo, and Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth. "Microscopic nuclear mass model for r-process nucleosynthesis / Alexander Arzhanov ; Gabriel Martínez-Pinedo, Robert Roth." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166850994/34.

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Alexa, Stefan Vasco Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] [Roth, and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Braun. "Continuum Systems in the No-Core Shell Model / Stefan Vasco Alexa ; Robert Roth, Jens Braun." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220031283/34.

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Alexa, Stefan Vasco [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth, and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Braun. "Continuum Systems in the No-Core Shell Model / Stefan Vasco Alexa ; Robert Roth, Jens Braun." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220031283/34.

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Roth, Sascha [Verfasser], Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Matthes, and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Frank. "Federated Enterprise Architecture Model Management : Conceptual Foundations, Collaborative Model Integration, and Software Support / Sascha Roth. Gutachter: Ulrich Frank ; Florian Matthes. Betreuer: Florian Matthes." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1074999592/34.

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Spies, Helena [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth, and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Braun. "Importance-Truncated No-Core Shell Model for Fermionic Many-Body Systems / Helena Spies ; Robert Roth, Jens Braun." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1127729225/34.

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Asaadi, Shima [Verfasser], Sebastian [Gutachter] Rudolph, and Michael [Gutachter] Roth. "Compositional Matrix-Space Models : Learning Methods and Evaluation / Shima Asaadi ; Gutachter: Sebastian Rudolph, Michael Roth." Dresden : Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1231846348/34.

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Books on the topic "RothC model"

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Richard, Johnson. Portfolio choice in tax-deferred and Roth-type savings accounts. Kansas City [Mo.]: Research Division, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 2003.

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Archisculptures: Über die Beziehungen zwischen Architektur, Skulptur und Modell : Jürgen Albrecht, Achim Bitter, Rita McBride, Manfred Pernice, Alexandra Ranner, Daniel Roth, Johannes Spehr. Hannover: Kunstverein, 2001.

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Trültzsch-Wijnen, Christine, and Gerhard Brandhofer, eds. Bildung und Digitalisierung. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748906247.

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This volume discusses the challenges posed by digitalisation in the field of education from different professional perspectives. Authors from various disciplines analyse general theoretical questions, present current empirical findings, discuss didactic models and projects, and consider the use of digital media in tertiary education. In addition, they present specific projects from educational practice. With contributions by Alessandro Barberi, Gerhard Brandhofer, Josef Buchner, Markus Ebner, Martin Ebner, Nicole Duller, Walter Fikisz, Sonja Gabriel, Barbara Getto, Nina Grünberger, Elke Höfler, Fares Kayali, Michael Kerres, Philipp Leitner, Peter Micheuz, Marlene Miglbauer, Thomas Nárosy, Daniel Otto, Alexander Pfeiffer, Claudia Schreiner, Carmen Sippl, Elke Szalai, Caroline Roth-Ebner, Karin Tengler, Manfred Tetz, Christine W. Trültzsch-Wijnen, Thomas Wernbacher, Christian Wiesner
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Roach, Rebecca. Uncreative Writing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825418.003.0008.

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This chapter demonstrates that, thanks to the heavy reliance of publishers’ marketing departments on author interviews as a means of promotion, today interviews are increasingly conceived through their opposition to creative writing. Drawing on the examples of Philip Roth, Toni Morrison, and J. M. Coetzee, the chapter demonstrates that interviews have become the quintessential example of uncreative, instrumental, authorial labour. However, in a time in which literature is frequently conceived in opposition to information, interviews also become a productive site for authors to reflect on the nature of literary representation and contemporary creative work. In their opposition to creative writing, interviews can also become an example of ‘uncreative writing’. As information surplus and networked digital computing make traditional, primarily print-based, norms of authorship, creativity, and inscription less tenable, for some of the authors discussed here the interview offers a generative site for exploring new modes of creative expression fit for the twenty-first century.
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Book chapters on the topic "RothC model"

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Coleman, K., and D. S. Jenkinson. "RothC-26.3 - A Model for the turnover of carbon in soil." In Evaluation of Soil Organic Matter Models, 237–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61094-3_17.

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Xu, Minggang G., Jinzhou Z. Wang, and Chang’ai A. Lu. "Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration Under Long-Term Manure and Straw Fertilization in North and Northeast China by RothC Model Simulation." In Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment, 407–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5634-2_74.

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Dibuz, Sarolta, and Péter Krémer. "Framework and Model for Automated Interoperability Test and Its Application to ROHC." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 243–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44830-6_18.

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Nieto, O. M., J. Castro, and E. Fernandez. "Long-Term Effects of Residue Management on Soil Fertility in Mediterranean Olive Grove: Simulating Carbon Sequestration with RothC Model." In Principles, Application and Assessment in Soil Science. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/31064.

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Bruzzone, Agostino, and Lucia Pusillo. "Perspective about Medicine Problems via Mathematical Game Theory: An Overview." In Systems of Systems - Engineering, Modeling, Simulation and Analysis [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94488.

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This chapter provides an overview of Game Theory with applications to medicine problems, including evolution of tumor cells and their competition, applications to neocortical epilepsy surgery and schizophrenic brain. Recent studies related to microarray games for cancer problems will be considered. These models may be used for applications to neurological and allergic diseases. At the end, the model of kidney exchange via the Matching Theory proposed by Alvin Roth, Nobel prize 2012, will be discussed.
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Sánchez-Fernández, María Dolores, José Ramón Cardona, and Valentín-Alejandro Martínez-Fernández. "Comparative Perspectives on CSR 2.0 in the Contexts of Galicia and North of Portugal." In CSR 2.0 and the New Era of Corporate Citizenship, 165–86. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1842-6.ch009.

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The social responsible behavior of three, four- and five star hotels located in two different regions belonging to two adjacent countries, Galicia (Spain) and Northern Portugal (Portugal) are compared in this investigation. A factor analysis technique along with the Structural Equations Models (SEM) methodology was applied in order to carry out this research. It is a quantitative study which measures the relationship between CSR (Gallardo, Sanchez, & Corchuelo, 2013) and the institutional context (Kostova & Roth, 2002; Llamas-Sanchez, García-Morales, & Martin-Tapia, 2013; Vargas-Sánchez & Riquel-Ligero, 2015) which relate on the basis of a model proposed for this research. The main conclusions show that the hotels under study have different social responsible behavior depending on their location and the institutional context. The regions under study are delimited by the unequal influence of institutional pressures.
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Sánchez-Fernández, María Dolores, José Ramón Cardona, and Valentín-Alejandro Martínez-Fernández. "Comparative Perspectives on CSR 2.0 in the Contexts of Galicia and North of Portugal." In Corporate Social Responsibility, 378–99. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6192-7.ch021.

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The social responsible behavior of three, four- and five star hotels located in two different regions belonging to two adjacent countries, Galicia (Spain) and Northern Portugal (Portugal) are compared in this investigation. A factor analysis technique along with the Structural Equations Models (SEM) methodology was applied in order to carry out this research. It is a quantitative study which measures the relationship between CSR (Gallardo, Sanchez, & Corchuelo, 2013) and the institutional context (Kostova & Roth, 2002; Llamas-Sanchez, García-Morales, & Martin-Tapia, 2013; Vargas-Sánchez & Riquel-Ligero, 2015) which relate on the basis of a model proposed for this research. The main conclusions show that the hotels under study have different social responsible behavior depending on their location and the institutional context. The regions under study are delimited by the unequal influence of institutional pressures.
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"3.4 Das Ornament in der Mode in Grete Meisel-Hess Fanny Roth." In Ornament und Mode bei Kafka, Broch und Musil, 60–66. transcript-Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839449158-009.

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"3.4 Das Ornament in der Mode in Grete Meisel-Hess Fanny Roth." In Ornament und Mode bei Kafka, Broch und Musil, 60–66. transcript Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783839449158-009.

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Behari, Suren, Aileen Cater-Steel, and Jeffrey Soar. "Data Science and Big Data Analytics in Financial Services." In Web Services, 1301–29. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7501-6.ch067.

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The chapter discusses how Financial Services organizations can take advantage of Big Data analysis for disruptive innovation through examination of a case study in the financial services industry. Popular tools for Big Data Analysis are discussed and the challenges of big data are explored as well as how these challenges can be met. The work of Hayes-Roth in Valued Information at the Right Time (VIRT) and how it applies to the case study is examined. Boyd's model of Observe, Orient, Decide, and Act (OODA) is explained in relation to disruptive innovation in financial services. Future trends in big data analysis in the financial services domain are explored.
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Conference papers on the topic "RothC model"

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Kaur, Jaspreet, Dheeraj Gupta, and Manushri Chaturvedi. "Performance enhancement of ROHC U-Mode in wireless links." In 2015 International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaccs.2015.7324071.

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Ruiz-Potosme, Norlan Miguel, Luis Fernando Sánchez-Sastre, Pablo Martín-Ramos, Carmen T. Bravo Sánchez, Mercedes Sánchez Báscones, Salvador Hernández-Navarro, and Jesús Martín-Gil. "Predicción de la dinámica del carbono orgánico en suelos agrícolas del Cerrato Palentino (España) aplicando el modelo RothC." In X Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería = X Congresso Ibérico de Agroengenharia. Zaragoza: Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/c_agroing.2019.com.3695.

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Maeder, Andreas, and Arne Felber. "Performance Evaluation of ROHC Reliable and Optimistic Mode for Voice over LTE." In 2013 IEEE 77th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2013.6692704.

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Jiang, Chen, Wenhao Wu, and Zhi Ding. "The Design of Transport Block-Based ROHC U-Mode for LTE Multicast." In GLOBECOM 2018 - 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2018.8648067.

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Feres, Carlos, Wenhao Wu, and Zhi Ding. "A Markovian ROHC Control Mechanism Based on Transport Block Link Model in LTE Networks." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2018.8422165.

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Hu, Jingwen, Zhigang Li, and Jinhuan Zhang. "Development and Preliminary Validation of a Parametric Pediatric Head Finite Element Model for Population-Based Impact Simulations." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53166.

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Head injury is the leading cause of pediatric fatality and disability in the United States (1). Although finite element (FE) method has been widely used for investigating head injury under impact, there are only a few 3D pediatric head FE models available in the literature, including a 6-month-old child head model developed by Klinich et al (2), a newborn, a 6-month-old and a 3-year-old child head model developed by Roth et al. (3, 4, 5), and a 1.5-month-old infant head model developed by Coats et al (6). Each of these models only represents a head at a single age with single head geometry. Nowadays, population-based simulations are getting more and more attention. In population-based injury simulations, impact responses for not only an individual but also a group of people can be predicted, which takes into account variations among people thus providing more realistic predictions. However, a parametric pediatric head model capable of simulating head responses for different children at different ages is currently not available. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a fast and efficient method to build pediatric head FE models with different head geometries and skull thickness distributions. The method was demonstrated by morphing a 6-month-old infant head FE model into three newborn infant head FE models and by validating three morphed head models against limited cadaveric test data.
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Lin, Fang, Xu Guoliang, Xiaoming Huang, Huang Hao, Du Yang, Zhu Yiping, and Yang Wenjian. "A New Effective Numerical Method for Leakage Rate Prediction of the Metal Gasket Sealing Assembly." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67739.

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In order to evaluate the effect of roughness surface and its mechanical deformation on the leakage rate of gasket seal structure, the concept of effective separation height was introduced to characterize the characteristic scale of interface leakage channel. The effective separation height can be achieved by finite element analysis of the mechanical contact deformation of a single rough peak combined with the Roth contact model. The numerical results show that the leakage rate obtained by parabolic roughness is close to the experimental value, and the influence of the roughness angle on the settlement is very small. On the basis of the effective separation height, this paper realizes the theoretical prediction of the leakage rate by combining the rough surface computer generation technology and the numerical simulation of the leakage channel flow. The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The research of this paper has important guiding significance for the optimization design of the sealing performance of metal gasket.
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Inkermann, David. "What Happened to Roth’s Design Catalogues? - A Review of Usage and Future Research." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71746.

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Abstract In 1971, Roth and his group first proposed an algorithmic selection procedure for the design of mechanical systems using catalogues. Core element were Design Catalogues that provide established solution elements, models and operations for different engineering tasks. In different books and guidelines, the theory of Design Catalogues was promoted and comprehensive catalogues were elaborated. These works highlight the basic character as structured information bases, with knowledge and access criteria tailored to the needs of engineering tasks. An essential characteristic is the consequent classification of solutions, objects, and operations and thus a complete exploration of the area of interest. In science and industrial practice, Design Catalogues were recognized as tools to structure knowledge and improve reuse of solutions, operations or objects that are frequently used in the design process. This contribution analyses the use and evolution of Design Catalogues in the past 50 years. Main objective is to point out how Design Catalogues and underlying principles and tools to structure design knowledge were used in different fields of application. Moreover, future fields of research to classify knowledge elements and identify suitable access criteria to build up Design Catalogues will be pointed out.
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Zhong, Qiang, and De-yu Wang. "Dynamic Ultimate Strength Characteristics of Stiffened Plates Subjected to the In-Plane Impact Load and Lateral Pressure." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-62663.

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Abstract Dynamic capacity is totally different from quasi-static capacity of ship structural components, although most ultimate strength analyses at present by researchers are performed under quasi-static conditions. To investigate the dynamic ultimate strength characteristics, the dynamic ultimate strength analyses of stiffened plates subjected to impact load were studied based on a 3-D nonlinear explicit finite element method (FEM) in this paper. The impact load in the present work is characterized as a half-sine function. A series of nonlinear finite element analyses are carried out using Budiansky-Roth (B-R) criterion. The influence of impact durations, model ranges, boundary conditions, initial imperfections and impact loads on the dynamic ultimate strength of stiffened plates are discussed. In addition, the ultimate strength of stiffened plates under the in-plane impact combined with lateral pressure was also calculated, which shows lateral pressure has a negligible effect on the dynamic ultimate strength of stiffened plates subjected to the impact load with short durations. Other important conclusions can be obtained from this paper, which are useful insights for the development of ultimate strength theory of ship structures and lay a good foundation for the study of dynamic ultimate strength in the future.
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Zhang, Bin, Min Yu, Huayong Yang, and Haocen Hong. "Research on Sealing Structure and Ground Test of Lunar Sample Return Devices." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62747.

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This article is in the background of lunar exploration program, which requires unmanned operation in the environment of ultra high vacuum, extreme temperature, strong radiation and lunar dust. Seal reliability of lunar sample return devices should be guaranteed as well. Principal prototype devices of explosive welding seal and brazing seal are analyzed separately when applied to lunar program, both of their advantages and disadvantages are indicated, and improved schemes are given as well. Besides, a redundant seal combined with o type rubber ring and knife edge indium alloy is put forward, to validate its reliability, a mathematical model based on Roth theory has been developed to describe sealing mechanism and predict the variable leakage, and the ground tests on leak detection for rubber seal and knife edge seal have been set up separately through helium mass spectrometer. According to the test results, nitrile rubber is proved to be better because of its resilience in alternative temperature, lower leakage and permeation. The knife edge indium seal has lower leak rate, and the welding joint quality of indium alloy itself can be guaranteed as well. The redundant seal is considered to have preliminary feasibility while the test environment for leak detection is required to simulate lunar surface still further.
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Reports on the topic "RothC model"

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Liu, Z., and K. Le. Zero-byte Support for Bidirectional Reliable Mode (R-mode) in Extended Link-Layer Assisted RObust Header Compression (ROHC) Profile. RFC Editor, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3408.

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Kelkar, Sharad. Addendum to the Rainier Mesa/Shoshone Mountain Flow and Transport Model Report, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada (Rev. 1 with ROTC 1). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1532762.

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