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Journal articles on the topic 'Rotor windings'
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1
Liu, Guohai, Wenxuan Li, Qian Chen, and Yanxin Mao. "Analysis and Application of Two-Layer Unconventional Windings for PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 3447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123447.
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This paper presents a new winding configuration theory of conventional and unconventional slot-pole combinations that can be used to configure windings with any slot-pole combination. First, various two-layer windings can be divided into conventional balanced winding (CBW), unbalanced winding (UBW), unconventional even slot winding (UESW) and unconventional odd slot winding (UOSW). In addition, the winding configuration can be divided into two steps—slot sorting and slot distributions to phases—and the rule of winding distribution and connection of the four kinds of windings is given. Moreover, there are four models established corresponding to the four kinds of windings. The air-gap flux density and harmonic of models with double layer flux-barrier PM-assisted rotor and without flux-barrier rotor are analyzed and compared using two-dimensional transient finite element analysis (FEA). The effect of stator magneto motive force (MMF) on torque performance affected by winding configuration is analyzed by comparing air gap magnetic density under two kinds of rotors. The simulation of torque shows that UBW, UESW, and UOSW have a certain reducing effect on torque ripple in PMASynRM. Meanwhile, a brief comparison is made in terms of radial forces and power losses; the effects produced by UBW, UESW, and UOSW compared to CBW in these two aspects are acceptable.
2
Ouamara, Daoud, Frédéric Dubas, Sid Ali Randi, Mohamed Nadjib Benallal, and Christophe Espanet. "GENERAL CALCULATION OF WINDING FACTOR FOR MULTI-PHASE/-LAYER ELECTRICAL MACHINES IRRESPECTIVE OF POLES NUMBER." Acta Polytechnica 59, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2019.59.0153.
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In this paper, a method to calculate the winding factor by only considering stator parameters without the rotor ones is developed. This is interesting because it allows the separation of the stator and rotor design, unlike the existing methods in the literature. A general method based on the matrix representation of a winding is presented. This approach requires the knowledge of four parameters : i) slots number, ii) phases number, iii) layers number, and iv) single-phase spatial distribution. A new feature of the multi-layer windings is introduced, it is called false-zero windings, which is divided into two categories: i) α-windings (i.e., odd false-zero windings), and ii) β-windings (i.e., even false-zero windings). The windings having no false-zero are categorized as γ-windings. The calculations are applied for single and multi-phase/-layer windings. The results of the comparison are satisfactory. The code used for the calculation is given in Appendix.
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Bukhari, Syed Sabir Hussain, Qasim Ali, Jesús Doval-Gandoy, and Jong-Suk Ro. "High-Efficient Brushless Wound Rotor Synchronous Machine Topology Based on Sub-Harmonic Field-Excitation Technique." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 4427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154427.
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This paper presents a new high-efficient three-phase brushless wound rotor synchronous machine (BL-WRSM) based on a sub-harmonic field excitation technique. In the proposed machine topology, the stator is equipped with two different three-phase windings: (1) main armature winding, and (2) additional armature winding. The main armature winding is based on a 4-pole winding configuration, whereas the additional armature winding is based on a 2-pole winding configuration. Both windings are supplied current from two different inverters, i.e., inverter-1, inverter-2, and simultaneously. Inverter-1 provides the regular input current to the main armature winding, whereas inverter-2 provides a three-phase current of low magnitude to the 2-pole additional armature winding. This generates an additional sub-harmonic component of MMF in the airgap beside the fundamental MMF. On the other side, the rotor is equipped with (1) harmonic, and (2) field windings. These windings are electrically coupled via a rectifier. The fundamental component of MMF produces the main rotating magnetic field, whereas the sub-harmonic MMF gets induced in the harmonic winding to produce harmonic current. This current is rectified to give DC to the rotor field winding to attain brushless operation. To authenticate the operation and analyze its performance, the proposed BL-WRSM topology is supported using 2-D finite element analysis (FEA) in JMAG-Designer. Later on, the performance of the proposed brushless topology is compared with the customary BL-WRSM topology to verify its high efficiency, high output torque, low torque ripple, and low unbalanced radial force on the rotor.
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F. Omar, M., E. Sulaiman, H. A. Soomro, G. M. Romalan, and S. M. N. S. Othaman. "Preliminary Design Analysis of a New Field Excitation Flux Switching Machine with Segmental Rotor and Non-overlap Winding." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (April 20, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.11906.
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Recently, a three-phase Field Excitation Flux Switching Motor (FEFSM) with salient rotor structure has been introduced with their advantages of easy rotor temperature elimination and controllable FEC magnetic flux particularly meet for high torque, high power as well as high speed diverse performances. Nevertheless, the salient rotor structure is found to lead a longer magnetic flux path between stator and rotor producing weak flux linkage along with low torque performances. Therefore, a new structure of a single-phase FEFSM using segmental rotor with non-overlap windings is proposed. Segmental rotor and non-overlap windings are the clear advantages of these topologies as the copper losses gets reduce and rotor becomes less weight as well as more robust. Detailed analysis on winding arrangement test analysis, armature and FEC flux linkage, back-EMF and average torque characteristics have been performed by using 2D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) through JMAG version 15 software. The results show that the proposed motor with segmental rotor and non-overlap windings produce short flux path, high flux linkage and the highest torque capability achieved is 0.91 Nm.
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Liu, Nai-Wen, Kuo-Yuan Hung, Shih-Chin Yang, Feng-Chi Lee, and Chia-Jung Liu. "Design of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Motor Considering Rotor Radial Force and Motor Losses." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 10, 2020): 5872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13225872.
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Different from the design of conventional permanent magnet (PM) motors, high-speed motors are primarily limited by rotor unbalanced radial forces, rotor power losses, and rotor mechanical strength. This paper aimed to propose a suitable PM motor with consideration of these design issues. First, the rotor radial force is minimized based on the selection of stator tooth numbers and windings. By designing a stator with even slots, the rotor radial force can be canceled, leading to better rotor strength at high speed. Second, rotor power losses proportional to rotor frequency are increased as motor speed increases. A two-dimensional sensitivity analysis is used to improve these losses. In addition, the rotor sleeve loss can be minimized to less than 8.3% of the total losses using slotless windings. Third, the trapezoidal drive can cause more than a 33% magnet loss due to additional armature flux harmonics. This drive reflected loss is also mitigated with slotless windings. In this paper, six PM motors with different tooth numbers, stator cores, and winding layouts are compared. All the design methods are verified based on nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA).
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Diļevs, Guntis, and Edgars Jakobsons. "The generated power of multipole induction generator with secondary winding on the stator." Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University. Power and Electrical Engineering 25, no. 25 (January 1, 2009): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10144-009-0006-2.
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The generated power of multipole induction generator with secondary winding on the statorThis paper posses the construction of induction generator, which has the ability to operate at a low rotation speed. This generator can be applied for directly driven turbine without using the gearbox. The generator is multi pole with all of the windings placed on the stator. Rotor is tooth-like and has no windings on it. Primary winding is three phase, secondary winding is two phase.
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Shangguan, Ming Zhu, Hui Juan Liu, Xin Xiao Song, and Hong Lin Lv. "Radial Force Analysis of Radial Laminated Magnetic-Barrier Rotor Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.454.
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In this paper, the respective harmonic magnetic field generated by the two sets of stator windings of radial laminated magnetic-barrier rotor brushless doubly-fed machine has been analyzed with the winding function method, the calculations of the radial forces on stator’s inner edge which are resulted from the fundamental and harmonic magnetic field that generated by the two sets of stator windings have been made, and the radial forces of three kinds of such machines with different rotor pole numbers have been compared, all the above can provide theoretical guidance for optimized design of radial laminated magnetic-barrier rotor brushless doubly-fed machine.
8
Hsiao, Yung Chia. "Control and System Integration of a Small Vertical-Axis Wind Rotor Coupled a Generator Having Two Windings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1072–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1072.
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Increase in the efficiency of a small vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) elevates its potential that compares with a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT). The efficiency does not only depend on the power coefficient of the wind rotor but also on the efficiency of the generator. A permanent magnet synchronous generator having two windings keeps high efficiency in both of low rotor speed regime and high rotor speed regime. To maximize the electricity output of the VAWT, this study directly coupled a generator having 1kW winding and 3kW winding with a straight wing vertical-axis wind rotor as a 4kW VAWT. Meanwhile, system integration and control systems of the wind power system were developed to make sure the operation and the safety of the VAWT. The average efficiency of the wind power system is 0.32 through field tests. The results demonstrated that the small VAWT has the same potential in comparison with two small HAWTs via using the electrical generator having two windings.
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Omar, M. F., E. Sulaiman, H. A. Soomro, and L. I. Jusoh. "Performance Comparison between Salient and Segmental Rotors Single-Phase FEFSM Using Non-Overlap Windings for Home Appliances." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.30 (November 30, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.30.22111.
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Field excitation flux switching machines (FEFSMs) in which their torque performance produced by interaction between armature and field excitation (FE) coils have been widely designed for various applications. In this regard, three-phase salient rotor FEFSM with overlap windings is considered the most suitable candidate for high speed applications because of their advantages of flux controllability, and robust due to single piece of rotor structure. However, the overlap windings cause a high copper loss, hence efficiency of the motor becomes low and higher stack length. Besides, the salient rotor structure is found to produce low torque performance due to the longer flux path in stator and rotor yielding weak flux linkage. In this paper, a new single-phase FEFSM using non-overlap windings between armature coils and FE coils is proposed. Both non-overlap windings FEFSMs with salient and segmental rotors have been designed using JMAG Designer version 15 and the investigation process is conducted via 2D finite element analysis. The proposed motor performances verification has been done by comparing the results of flux linkage, flux line and distribution, flux strengthening, various torque capability, and torque-power versus speed characteristics. As a conclusion, single-phase non-overlap windings FEFSM using segmental rotor with power, torque and speed capabilities of 277.5 W, 0.91 Nm and 2,899 rpm, respectively considered as the best candidate for low torque high speed applications.
10
Qiao, Zhaowei, and Yutian Sun. "Analysis of Electromagnetic Force on Rotor End Windings of a 300 MW Variable-Speed Generator Motor for Pumped Storage." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (May 5, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6493581.
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The variable-speed generator motor (VSGM) for pumped storage has a cylindrical rotor with three-phase lap or wave windings distributed in slots evenly and fed by a converter. For a large-scale VSGM, the electromagnetic force (EMF) on rotor end windings is an important contributor to distortion, vibration, and even damage of rotor end windings. A 3D finite element model of rotor end region of a 300 MW VSGM is set up. The distribution map of EMF density on involute and nose parts of rotor end windings, under rated load and three-phase short circuit at supersynchronous and subsynchronous speed, is drawn. Furthermore, the amplitude of EMF is calculated, and the radial, tangential, and axial components of EMF are analyzed. The results in this paper will lay a foundation for design of rotor end windings and their support structure.
11
Khamidov, Otabek. "Mathematical modeling of asynchronous squirrel-cage locomotive propulsion engine." Bulletin of scientific research results, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2019-1-41-49.
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Objective: To analyze processes in asynchronous engines in case of failure occurrence in rotor winding. Methods: Mathematical model of asynchronous locomotive propulsion engine with cage rotor (AD) was applied. Model calculations applied for the solution of the differential equation system by means of numerical integration were given. Results: The presented AD mathematical model makes it possible to assess the influence of engine’s parameters and load on transient behavior of motor start, as well as to conduct the research in an asynchronous engine in case of balanced and unbalanced operation modes in a three-phase system of coordinates. The latter allow for an adequate description of physics in stator windings in case of failures of rotor bar windings of AD locomotives. Basic equations for the locomotive propulsion engine stator and rotor of different coordinate systems were presented. A structural computational scheme of a three-phase asynchronous engine with a squirrel-cage rotor was developed, making it possible to calculate AD transients. The mathematical model was implemented with MATLAB Simulink software package. Practical importance: The results obtained by means of locomotive asynchronous engine simulation in case of failures of rotor bar windings, as well as AD twisting moment alteration in time demonstrated the possibility of using such a model in order to detect the specific features of failure occurrence in AD.
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Mustafayev, Rauf, Nurali Yusifbayli, and Laman Hasanova. "Matrix structure of unified mathematical model of electric AC machines at control." E3S Web of Conferences 209 (2020): 02023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020902023.
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The matrix structure of the equations of a generalized electric alternating current machine is proposed, which, based on the Parke equations, is written in the coordinate axes of the machines rotating with the rotor speed. In the matrix structure, the column matrices of the derivatives of the stator, excitation and rotor windings are equal to the product of diagonal matrices consisting of the machine parameters and the column matrices of the flux links themselves and the sum of the matrix columns of the control parameters which are the matrix columns of the stator voltage, excitation voltage, and rotor voltage. It is shown that the matrix structure of a generalized controlled AC machine is transformed into mathematical models of almost all encountered AC electric machines, namely, into a synchronous machine with two excitation windings - a longitudinal and a transverse one; in a synchronous machine with a longitudinal field winding (classic); in an asynchronous machine with a squirrel-cage rotor; into an asynchronous machine with a phase rotor. It has been shown that the matrix structure includes the controls of these machines both from the stator and from the rotor. On the stator side for synchronous machines, it is a frequency control that regulates both the amplitude and frequency of the applied voltage, and on the rotor side, a constant voltage control is supplied to the longitudinal and transverse windings. For asynchronous machines, the stator and rotor are frequency-controlled. The following are examples of frequency control of an asynchronous machine both from the stator and from the rotor.
13
Anthony, Zuriman, and Erhaneli Erhaneli. "A New Windings Design of 24 Slot Capacitor-Start Capacitor-Run Induction Motor." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 3463. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3463-3470.
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The conventional method of a single phase induction motor windings design usually constructed the main and auxiliary windings in both slot. So, there was a complicated winding design if that compare to the three-phase induction motor. Because of that, this study was aimed to design a new windings design of a single phase induction motor that construction like a three-phase induction motor. This study was focused to design a 24 slot capacitor-start capacitor-run induction motor. The windings in the motor are divided in 3 group like a three-phase induction motor. The two windings act as a main windings and the other winding act as auxiliary winding. The current rating of the winding of the proposed single-phase induction motor was 2.74A. The performances of the proposed method were compared with the performances of a three-phase induction motor that had the same current rating. The motor used as a comparator was a three-phase induction of 380/220V, 2.74/4.7A, Y/Δ, cage rotor, 4 poles, 1.5 HP, 1400 RPM, 50Hz. The result of this study showed that the proposed design of single phase induction motor could be operated with better performances than the three-phase comparator induction motor’s.
14
Naim, Muhammad. "Pengaruh Modifikasi Belitan Stator Motor Induksi Satu Phasa Starting Kapasitor Pada Mesin Bor Meja Terhadap Arus dan Daya listrik serta Putaran Motor." VERTEX ELEKTRO 12, no. 2 (July 13, 2020): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/jte.v12i2.4228.
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A 1-phase 4-pole starting capacitor induction motor which is used as an activator of the table drilling machine has a more complicated construction because it has a centrifugal switch which is connected in series with the capacitor for its initial start and a high rotational speed of the stator field, which is 1500 rpm. While a 3-phase 6-pole induction motor has a much simpler construction because it does not require a centrifugal switch and a capacitor for its initial start with a low rotational speed of the stator field, which is 1000 rpm. This study discusses the effect of modifying the stator winding in a 1-phase 4-pole starting capacitor induction motor on the table drilling machine into a stator winding of 3-phase 6-pole induction motor on the rotation of the rotor. Modifications are carried out on the stator winding of a 1-phase induction motor by changing the number of phases, number of poles, type of winding, wire diameter and number of windings per groove. Modifications are carried out on the windings to obtain a 3-phase 6-pole 24-groove induction motor with 200 windings per groove, a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, and a winding type of spiral double layer. In our trials without a load on the induction motor the rotor rotation decreased by 33.71% from 1498 rpm to 993 rpm, and with a load decreased by 36% from 1450 rpm to 927 rpm.
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Khrebtova, O. A., and N. V. Zachepa. "Thermal modes of the automated electric drive system during burning under load." Electrical Engineering and Power Engineering, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-6761-2020-3-2.
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Purpose. Conducting experimental studies of temperature regimes of an induction motor during start-up on a laboratory complex. Obtaining real characteristics of the heating process during the start of the start, assessing its impact on the insulation state of the induction motor, confirming the adequacy of the indirect method of determining the heating temperature of the induction motor windings during the formation of the cyclic starting torque during the start.
Methodology. To solve these problems, we used mathematical modeling based on the first mathematical expressions that calculate the temperature of the stator winding during start-up, taking into account the influence of the frequency of the supply voltage on the parameters of the induction motor. Physical modeling on the developed laboratory stand of modes of movement on fixing of temperature during each stage of experiment for confirmation of theoretical researches of movement at pulse character of the starting moment.
Findings. The use of different methods of constructing equivalent thermal circuits (ETS) to calculate the temperature of an induction motor requires significant resource consumption, which is unprofitable when the rotor of the machine is stationary as in the case of failure. Using the method of determining losses in steel in the deep saturation mode, the mathematical dependences of the calculation of the temperature regime during the algorithm, taking into account the change in the properties of the stator winding during heating, calculated the allowable current overload parameters taking into account the allowable heating of stator windings. The paper obtains mathematical dependences for calculating the temperature regimes of the stator windings during the formation of the cyclic starting torque for the movement, taking into account the change of the initial conditions of the movement for each cycle and the change in the properties of the stator windings during heating. The developed laboratory complex allows to carry out research of temperature modes of a stator winding at movement of the induction motor with the braked rotor, at assignment of various values of amplitude and frequency of supply voltage. The results of research indicate that the mathematical dependences derived in the work allow to control the heating temperature by the analytical method. Analysis of the modes of operation of the induction motor during the execution of the movement confirmed the need to control the temperature of the stator windings to prevent accidents. In general, when starting with a step-by-step supply of low frequency supply voltage to obtain increased starting torque, the heating of the stator windings is slower compared to heating during prolonged operation of an induction motor with a braked rotor, which allows multiple attempts to move at low frequency. nutrition.
Originality. For the first time, mathematical dependences for calculating the temperature of stator windings during start-up with a braked rotor of an asynchronous machine are obtained and experimentally confirmed, which take into account the change in stator winding properties during heating and the influence of supply voltage frequency.
Practical value. For the first time, an indirect method of controlling the heating temperature of the stator windings of an asynchronous machine during start-up is proposed to prevent emergencies on process equipment that is started under load.
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Skowron, Maciej, Marcin Wolkiewicz, Teresa Orlowska-Kowalska, and Czeslaw Kowalski. "Application of Self-Organizing Neural Networks to Electrical Fault Classification in Induction Motors." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040616.
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Electrical winding faults, namely stator short-circuits and rotor bar damage, in total constitute around 50% of all faults of induction motors (IMs) applied in variable speed drives (VSD). In particular, the short circuits of stator windings are recognized as one of the most difficult failures to detect because their detection makes sense only at the initial stage of the damage. Well-known symptoms of stator and rotor winding failures can be visible in the stator current spectra; however, the detection and classification of motor windings faults usually require the knowledge of human experts. Nowadays, artificial intelligence methods are also used in fault recognition. This paper presents the results of experimental research on the application of the stator current symptoms of the converter-fed induction motor drive to electrical fault detection and classification using Kohonen neural networks. The experimental tests of a diagnostic setup based on a virtual measurement and data pre-processing system, designed in LabView, are described. It has been shown that the developed neural detectors and classifiers based on self-organizing Kohonen maps, trained with the instantaneous symmetrical components of the stator current spectra (ISCA), enable automatic distinguishing between the stator and rotor winding faults for supplying various voltage frequencies and load torque values.
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Gulzoda, Mustafaquliva, Maxmadiyev Giyos, Zaripov Odiljon, and Zaripova Shaxlo. "Experimental study of the field in the gap of synchronous machine with the use of sinusoidal turns." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601109.
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The paper deals with experimental study of the gap of a synchronous machine with using sinusoidal turns. The characteristics of a three-phase short circuit and the current dependence of the winding excitation are presented. Static modes of operation of synchronous machines in the stationary state of the rotor by supplying the stator and rotor windings with a direct current conducted by means of sinusoidal and cosine-shaped turns with respect to the transverse axis established in the air gap on the rotor surface along the longitudinal and transverse axes, respectively.
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Novoselov, E. M., D. A. Polkoshnikov, V. A. Savelyev, A. S. Strakhov, and A. A. Skorobogatov. "Method of condition monitoring of rotor windings of the medium voltage induction motors of power plant auxiliaries in start-up modes." Vestnik IGEU, no. 4 (2019): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2019.4.031-044.
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A promising method of monitoring rotor winding condition of induction electric motors ensuring higher reliability of their operation is spectral analysis of the external magnetic field signal. Modern methods of external magnetic field analysis use only the spectrum of this signal in the steady-state operation mode, which does not allow effective monitoring on a number of medium voltage electric motors of power plant auxiliaries operating with long start-ups (for example, machines with variable load, with a double squirrel cage, etc.). It is possible to evaluate the rotor winding condition of such machines in start-up modes, which means that an important task is to study the frequency-time spectra of the external magnetic field of the above-mentioned electric motors and to develop a method for monitoring the state of their rotor windings in the startup mode. In the study, the authors used two-dimensional models of two different types of motors representing drives of the mechanisms of draft systems at power stations. Both models are developed in the ANSYS software package. The calculation of the external magnetic field was carried out using the finite element method. The modelling was done for cases with or without defects. Signal processing was per-formed using the Fourier window transform method in the MatLab software package. Frequency-time spectra of the external magnetic field were built in the start-up mode on models of the investigated induction motors with the following defects: with dynamic eccentricity, with one broken bar of the rotor winding and without the indicated defects. The research results allowed us to develop a method for monitoring the rotor winding state of medium voltage electric motors of power plant auxiliaries operating with long start-ups. The method is based on detecting lower side frequencies of the fictitious rotor winding harmonics in the frequency-time spectrum during the startup. Their specific feature is «reflection» in the spectrum from the time axis. The developed method of monitoring rotor winding condition of the above-mentioned induction electric motors allows increasing the reliability of their operation by timely detection of faults in the rotor windings.
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Zhang, Yucheng, and Zenghuan Sun. "Analysis and location of Turn-To-Turn short circuit of rotor windings in generator." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123304018.
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With the increase of generator running time, the probability of generator rotor problems increases constantly. In this paper, a generator is taken as an example. During maintenance, the generator is found to have the evidence of turn-to-turn short circuit of rotor windings by the repetitive surge oscilloscope method, which is verified by the AC impedance power loss test of the rotor winding. The position of turn-to-turn short circuit is determined by the inter-pole voltage method and the coil voltage method. The accuracy of the test method is further verified by the generator rotor’s return repair.
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Sikora, Andrzej, and Marcin Woźniak. "Impact of Current Pulsation on BLDC Motor Parameters." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020587.
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BrushLess Direct-Current (BLDC) motors are characterized by high efficiency and reliability due to the fact that the BLDC motor does not require power to the rotor. The rotor of the BLDC motor consists of permanent magnets. When examining the waveform of the current supplied to the motor windings, significant current ripple was observed within one power cycle, where the optimum value would be the constant value of this current during one power cycle. The variability of this current in one motor supply cycle results from the variability of the electromotive force induced in the motor winding. The paper presents a diagram of the power supply system consisting of an electronic commutator and a DC/DC converter made by the authors, and a proposed modification of the power supply system reducing the current pulsation of the motor windings and thus the possibility of reducing energy losses in the motor windings. The paper presents numerous results of measurements which showed a significant reduction in energy losses in the case of low-load operation.
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Tang, Y., J. J. H. Paulides, and E. A. Lomonova. "Winding topologies of flux-switching motors for in-wheel traction." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2013-0377.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate winding topologies for flux-switching motors (FSMs) with various segment-tooth combinations and different excitation methods. Design/methodology/approach – For the ac winding of FSM, two winding topologies, namely the concentrated winding and the distributed winding, are compared in terms of the winding factor and efficiency. For the field winding of dc-excited FSM (DCEFSM), another two winding topologies, namely the lap winding and the toroidal winding, are compared in terms of effective coil area, end-winding length, and thermal conditions. Analytical derivation is used for the general winding factor calculation. The calculation results are validated using finite element analysis. Findings – Winding factors can be used as an indication of winding efficiency for FSMs in the same manner as done for synchronous motors. For FSMs with concentrated windings, the winding factor increases when the rotor tooth number approaches a multiple of the stator segment number. For FSMs with certain segment-tooth combinations, e.g. 6/8, the theoretical maximum winding factor can be achieved by implementing distributed windings. Furthermore, the toroidal winding can be an efficient winding topology for DCEFSMs with large stator diameter and small stack length. Research limitations/implications – This work can be continued with investigating the variation of reluctance torque with respect to different segment-tooth combinations of FSM. Originality/value – This paper proposes a general method to calculate the winding factor of FSMs using only the phase number, the stator segment number, the rotor tooth number, and the skew angle. Using this method, a table of winding factors of FSMs with different segment-tooth combinations is provided. Principle of design of FSMs with high-winding factors are hence concluded. This paper also proposed the implementation of distributed windings for FSM with certain segment-tooth combinations, e.g. 6/8, by which means a theoretical maximum winding factor is achieved. In addition, different winding topologies for the field winding of DCEFSM are also investigated.
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NIEMTSEV, E. "Analysis of operating modes of squirrel-cage induction motors in the presence of damage to the rotor rods." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 23, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-2-59-64.
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The article determines that the main faults in induction motors are damage to the stator and rotor windings, which occur due to changes and distortions in the shape and amplitude of the supply voltage, technological overheating of the windings, mechanical damage. These factors lead to accelerated wear of the insulation of the windings, structural components of the motors, increased values of power losses and the occurrence of pre-emergency and emergency situations. Among the specified diagnostic parameters of engine operation it is possible to consider separately existence of damages of cores of a short-circuited rotor which timely diagnostics demands removal of the engine in repair and will allow to avoid emergency situations with induction motors. To diagnose the control of the rotor rods are quite diverse: determining the amplitude-frequency spectrum of stator currents, detecting the presence of current ripples in an artificial short circuit in the stator winding, the use of diagnostic curves, the selection of appropriate harmonic oscillations in the vibration of the rotor. To reduce or eliminate the negative impact of various factors on the course of technological processes, the best approach at present is the use of tools and measures to diagnose the operation of engines using modeling methods. Based on the model of an induction motor with a short-circuited rotor created in the MATHCAD software environment, graphical dependences were obtained that reflect the change of the main parameters of the induction motor operation and allow to analyze their change during the modulation time. The presence of pulsations of regime parameters and aperiodic components caused by transients was shown. Studies of the process of starting the engine without load and under load showed an increase in start-up time, and the pulsating nature of the studied parameters is observed only in the initial section. The engine start time also increases in the presence of damaged rods in the short-circuited rotor. The pulsating nature of the main diagnostic parameters can be used as a criterion for determining the presence of damage in the short-circuited winding of the rotor of an induction motor.
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Yang, Yan, Zeyuan Liu, Zhiquan Deng, and Xin Cao. "Design and Characteristic Analysis of a Novel Bearingless SRM considering Decoupling between Torque and Suspension Force." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/101626.
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A Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor (BSRM) has a complicated character of nonlinear coupling; therefore, it is a hard work to operate BSRM stably. In this paper, a new type of BSRMs with novel rotor structure is proposed by analyzing relationships between motor structure and theoretical formulae of levitation force and torque. The stator structure of this new motor is same as that of traditional BSRM and each stator pole can coil one winding or two windings, while the pole arc of rotor is wider. In order to analyze the characteristics of the proposed BSRM, finite-element (FE) models are used and a 12/4 one-set-winding BSRM and a 12/8 two-sets-windings BSRM are taken as examples. The analysis results indicate that the new scheme is effective for a stable levitation. It can realize decoupling control of torque and radial force, thus simplifying its control strategy and improving the use ratio of winding currents. A control system is designed for the 12/8 BSRM based on deducing its mathematical model. Compared with traditional BSRM, the proposed scheme is easier to be implemented.
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Ur Rahman, Lutf, Faisal Khan, Muhammad Afzal Khan, Naseer Ahmad, Hamid Ali Khan, Mohsin Shahzad, Siddique Ali, and Hazrat Ali. "Modular Rotor Single Phase Field Excited Flux Switching Machine with Non-Overlapped Windings." Energies 12, no. 8 (April 25, 2019): 1576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12081576.
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This paper aims to propose and compare three new structures of single-phase field excited flux switching machine for pedestal fan application. Conventional six-slot/three-pole salient rotor design has better performance in terms of torque, whilst also having a higher back-EMF and unbalanced electromagnetic forces. Due to the alignment position of the rotor pole with stator teeth, the salient rotor design could not generate torque (called dead zone torque). A new structure having sub-part rotor design has the capability to eliminate dead zone torque. Both the conventional eight-slot/four-pole sub-part rotor design and six-slot/three-pole salient rotor design have an overlapped winding arrangement between armature coil and field excitation coil that depicts high copper losses as well as results in increased size of motor. Additionally, a field excited flux switching machine with a salient structure of the rotor has high flux strength in the stator-core that has considerable impact on high iron losses. Therefore, a novel topology in terms of modular rotor of single-phase field excited flux switching machine with eight-slot/six-pole configuration is proposed, which enable non-overlap arrangement between armature coil and FEC winding that facilitates reduction in the copper losses. The proposed modular rotor design acquires reduced iron losses as well as reduced active rotor mass comparatively to conventional rotor design. It is very persuasive to analyze the range of speed for these rotors to avoid cracks and deformation, the maximum tensile strength (can be measured with principal stress in research) of the rotor analysis is conducted using JMAG. A deterministic optimization technique is implemented to enhance the electromagnetic performance of eight-slot/six-pole modular rotor design. The electromagnetic performance of the conventional sub-part rotor design, doubly salient rotor design, and proposed novel-modular rotor design is analyzed by 3D-finite element analysis (3D-FEA), including flux linkage, flux distribution, flux strength, back-EMF, cogging torque, torque characteristics, iron losses, and efficiency.
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Ludwinek, Krzysztof, Roman Nadolski, and Jan Staszak. "Comparison of higher harmonic contents in salient pole synchronous generator with different rotor construction." Archives of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2017-0009.
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Abstract The paper presents a comparison of higher harmonics in induced phase voltages of a stator winding in the no-load state of a three-phase 5.5 kVA salient pole synchronous generator. The comparison is carried out for the synchronous generator with different salient pole rotor constructions: a non-skewed solid rotor, a non-skewed solid rotor with radial incisions, and a laminated electrotechnical steel rotor with skewed slots and damping bars. The calculations of higher harmonics are based on the magnetic field distributions in the air gap, which are carried out in a 2D model in a FEMM program and on the induced voltage waveforms in the stator windings registered during experimental investigations of the 5.5 kVA salient pole synchronous generator in the no-load state.
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Jurkovic, Sinisa, and Elias G. Strangas. "Comparison of PMAC Machines for Starter-Generator Application in a Series Hybrid-Electric Bus." International Journal of Vehicular Technology 2011 (April 6, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/275785.
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This paper presents a comparative study of outer rotor PMAC machine candidates for starter-generator application in hybrid bus with series power train configuration. PMAC machines with interior and surface mount permanent magnets are considered and compared, although a complete analysis is only carried out for the SPM. Different design aspects such as concentrated versus distributed windings as well as interior and exterior rotor structures are evaluated. Different slot numbers per pole per phase configurations for concentrated winding PMAC machines are also examined. Comparison and evaluation of the machines is based on their performance which included evaluation of winding and iron losses, magnet losses, and maximum torque capability as well as the size and weight of the machines.
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Kalsi, Swarn, Kent Hamilton, Robert Buckley, and Rodney Badcock. "Superconducting AC Homopolar Machines for High-Speed Applications." Energies 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010086.
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This paper presents a novel high-speed alternating current (AC) homopolar motor/generator design using stationary ReBCO excitation windings. Compact, lightweight, high-efficiency motors and generators are sought for a multitude of applications. AC homopolar synchronous machines are an ideal choice for such applications as these machines enable very high rotational frequencies. These machines include both AC armature winding and direct current (DC) excitation winding within the stationary part of the machine. The stationary excitation winding magnetizes a solid steel rotor, enabling operating speeds limited only by the mechanical stress limit of the rotor steel. The operating speeds are many multiples of conventional power 50/60 Hz machines. Significant cooling requirements limit machines of this type utilizing copper excitation windings to only a few kilowatts. However, megawatt ratings become possible when superconductor coils are used. This paper describes the design and analysis of an AC homopolar machine in the context of developing a 500 kW flywheel system to be used for energy recovery and storage in commuter rail subway systems. Different approaches are discussed for an AC armature employing conventional copper coils. Challenges of building and cooling both armature and field coils are discussed and preferred approaches are suggested. Calculations of the machine performance are then made.
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Li, Yong Gang, Jie Jia, and Liu Wan. "The Research and Identify on Hydro Generator Rotor Windings Short-Circuit Fault." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 1343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.1343.
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Hydro-generator unit is the most important energy conversion device in the hydropower, which is directly related to the safety and reliability and stable operation of the hydroelectric power plant. When the turbine generator rotor winding inter-turn short circuit occurs, the proposed method using load curve electromagnetic characteristics analysis, the use of before and after the failure to find the relative change in the excitation current failure rate as the identification method, the criterion may reflect the severity of the failure, perform theoretical calculations, and thus the inter-turbine generator rotor windings short circuit simulation, consistent with the conclusions of the theoretical analysis.
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Safaryan, V. S. "STUDY OF TRANSIENT AND STATIONARY OPERATION MODES OF SYNCHRONOUS SYSTEM CONSISTING IN TWO MACHINES." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 60, no. 3 (May 17, 2017): 228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2017-60-3-228-236.
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The solution of the problem of reliable functioning of an electric power system (EPS) in steady-state and transient regimes, prevention of EPS transition into asynchronous regime, maintenance and restoration of stability of post-emergency processes is based on formation and realization of mathematical models of an EPS processes. During the functioning of electric power system in asynchronous regime, besides the main frequencies, the currents and voltages include harmonic components, the frequencies of which are multiple of the difference of main frequencies. At the two-frequency asynchronous regime the electric power system is being made equivalent in a form of a two-machine system, functioning for a generalized load. In the article mathematical models of transient process of a two-machine system in natural form and in d–q coordinate system are presented. The mathematical model of two-machine system is considered in case of two windings of excitement at the rotors. Also, in the article varieties of mathematical models of EPS transient regimes (trivial, simple, complete) are presented. Transient process of a synchronous two-machine system is described by the complete model. The quality of transient processes of a synchronous machine depends on the number of rotor excitation windings. When there are two excitation windings on the rotor (dual system of excitation), the mathematical model of electromagnetic transient processes of a synchronous machine is represented in a complex form, i.e. in coordinate system d, q, the current of rotor being represented by a generalized vector. In asynchronous operation of a synchronous two-machine system with two excitation windings on the rotor the current and voltage systems include only harmonics of two frequencies. The mathematical model of synchronous steady-state process of a two-machine system is also provided, and the steady-state regimes with different structures of initial information are considered.
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Bukhari, Syed Sabir Hussain, Ali Asghar Memon, Sadjad Madanzadeh, Ghulam Jawad Sirewal, Jesús Doval-Gandoy, and Jong-Suk Ro. "Novel Single Inverter-Controlled Brushless Wound Field Synchronous Machine Topology." Mathematics 9, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 1739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9151739.
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This paper proposes a novel brushless excitation topology for a three-phase synchronous machine based on a customary current-controlled voltage source inverter (VSI). The inverter employs a simple hysteresis-controller-based current control scheme that enables it to inject a three-phase armature current to the stator winding which contains a dc offset. This dc offset generates an additional air gap magneto-motive force (MMF). On the rotor side, an additional harmonic winding is mounted to harness the harmonic power from the air gap flux. Since a third harmonic flux is generated in this type of topology, the machine structure is also modified to accommodate the third harmonic rotor winding to have a voltage induced as the rotor rotates at synchronous speed. Specifically, four-pole armature and field winding patterns are used, whereas the harmonic winding is configured for a twelve-pole pattern. A diode rectifier is also mounted on the rotor between the harmonic and field windings. Therefore, the generated voltage on the harmonic winding feeds the current to the field winding for excitation. A 2D-finite element analysis (FEA) in JMAG-Designer was carried out for performance evaluation and verification of the topology. The simulation results are consistent with the proposed theory. The topology could reduce the cost and stator winding volume compared to a conventional brushless machine, with good potential for various applications.
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Adamczyk, Dominik, Andrzej Wilk, and Michal Michna. "Model of the double-rotor induction motor in terms of electromagnetic differential." Archives of Electrical Engineering 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 761–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2016-0053.
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AbstractThe paper presents a concept, a construction, a circuit model and experimental results of the double-rotor induction motor. This type of a motor is to be implemented in the concept of the electromagnetic differential. At the same time it should fulfill the function of differential mechanism and the vehicle drive. One of the motor shafts is coupled to the direction changing mechanical transmission. The windings of the external rotor are powered by slip rings and brushes. The inner rotor has the squirrel-cage windings. The circuit model parameters were calculated based on the 7.5 kW real single-rotor induction motor (2p = 4). Experimental verification of the model was based on comparison between the mentioned single-rotor motor and double-rotor model with the outer rotor blocked. The presented results showed relatively good compliance between the model and real motor.
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Stephen Ejiofor, Oti, Ugwu Justin, Nnadi Damian Benneth, and Ogbuefi Uche. "Development and thermal modeling of an induction machine." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 8, no. 4 (November 5, 2019): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v8i4.29727.
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In induction machines, the major concern is the temperature rise since it determines the maximum loading, in an attempt to avoid insula-tion deterioration and eventual loss of motor life. The effect of excessive heat in the motor stator and rotor windings and the stator mag-netic circuit can degrade the developed performance of the machine and also affect the motor loading and life span if not dispensed properly. This research work examines the thermal model for estimating the stator and rotor temperatures in cage induction motor. A state-variable model of the induction is used. The twin-axis stator reference frame is used to model the motor’s electrical behavior, because physical measurements are made in this reference frame. The thermal model is derived by considering the power dissipation, heat transfer and rate of temperature rise in the stator and rotor. The non-linear equations for electrical behavior of the motor and the thermal state equations for the stator and the rotor are solved using the MATLAB/Simulink blocks. This is to give room for the determination of the temperature of the stator and rotor windings inside the induction machine so as to evaluate the thermal stability of the induction motor and to check whether the insulation of the copper windings is sufficient at different operating conditions. It was found out from the thermal model analysis that the temperature of the stator and rotor windings increases due to stator and rotor copper losses which depend on the stator current. As the stator current is increased by increasing the torque, the temperature of each element is consequentially made to increase.
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Ramirez-Nino, J., and A. Pascacio. "Detecting interturn short circuits in rotor windings." IEEE Computer Applications in Power 14, no. 4 (2001): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/67.954526.
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Goolak, Sergey, Juraj Gerlici, Viktor Tkachenko, Svitlana Sapronova, Tomas Lack, and Kateryna Kravchenko. "Determination of Parameters of Asynchronous Electric Machines with Asymmetrical Windings of Electric Locomotives." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 21, no. 2 (May 24, 2019): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2019.2.24-31.
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This article is devoted to development of a method for calculating the parameters of an asynchronous motor of an electric locomotive with asymmetrical windings of stator and rotor. A method for determining self and mutual inductances of the stator and rotor phases of an asynchronous motor with asymmetric windings and their relations to mechanical variables is proposed. It is based on comparing two equations of stored magnetic energy, one equation calculated through induction, magnetic field strength and geometrical dimensions and another equation calculated through the parameters of the motor circuits. It is shown that the obtained solutions correspond to the previously existing methods, but they give the additional possibilities in mathematical modeling. The proposed technical solution allows higher accuracy developing of a mathematical model of a drive with an asynchronous motor having asymmetrical stator and rotor windings for studying dynamic processes during the operation of the specified drive, in particular, the drive of auxiliary machines for electric locomotive, where an asynchronous motor with asymmetrical stator windings is used as a phase release.
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Orlova, S., V. Pugachov, and R. Otankis. "Active Zone of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with a Non-Overlapping Concentrated Winding." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 55, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2018-0024.
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Abstract The research is devoted to the investigation of NdFeB permanent magnet (PM) based synchronous generators with non-overlapping concentrated windings. The rotor of such a generator has 10 pole pairs (PMs), which is dictated by the nominal voltage frequency (f=50 Hz) and the rotational speed (n=300 RPM). Comparison is made for four generators with three-phase winding coils and stator tooth numbers 18, 21, 24 and 27.
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Allam, S. M., A. M. Azmy, and M. A. El-Khazendar. "A General Model for Describing the Performance of Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Machines." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol7iss2pp1-9.
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This paper presents a generalized model, by which the dynamic and steady-state behaviour of the Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Machine (BDFIM) can be precisely predicted. The investigated doubly-fed machine has two sets of three-phase stator windings with different pole numbers. The rotor is a squirrel-cage type with a simple modification in order to support the two air-gap rotating fields that are produced by the stator windings and have different pole numbers. The machine model is derived in the qdo-axis variables. The qdoaxes are attached to rotor and hence, it rotates at the rotor speed (
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Fairoz Omar, Mohd, Erwan Sulaiman, Hassan Ali Soomro, Faisal Amin, Laili Iwani Jusoh, and Enwelum I Mbadiwe. "Optimal design of single-phase 12S-6P FEFSM using segmental rotor and non-overlap windings." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i2.pp735-743.
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<span>Recently, a three-phase Field Excitation Flux Switching Motor (FEFSM) using salient rotor has been introduced, suitable for high torque, high power as well as high speed diverse performances due to their advantages of easy rotor temperature elimination and controllable field excitation (FE) flux. However, existing FEFSMs are found to have low torque performance as the salient rotor structure has caused longer flux path, and consequently weak flux linkage. Therefore, a new structure of a single-phase FEFSM using segmental rotor and non-overlap windings is proposed. There are two valuable findings found in this topology, first is less copper loss due to the non-overlap windings between armature and FE coils, and secondly the segmental rotor structure has produces shorter flux path to produce high torque, less rotor weight as well as robust rotor at high speed condition. Flux linkage, back-emf, average torque and output power characteristics of the initial and optimized designs have been investigated and compared using 2D Finite Element Analysis (2D-FEA) through JMAG Designer version 15. Based on the 2D-FEA analysis, the average torque has increased by 81.3% to 1.65 Nm, while the output power of 466.5 W, increased of 68.2%. In conclusions, a FEFSM using segmental rotor and non-overlap windings is considered as the best single-phase motor due to their optimal performances and less copper loss.</span>
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Li, Zhenming, Xuefan Wang, Lezhi Ou, Xinmai Gao, and Fei Xiong. "Research of the Fundamental Wave of Wound-Rotor Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 26, 2019): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061172.
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The brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) is a special type of machine with two sets of stator windings and one set of rotor winding. The magnetic field of the BDFM is considered to be complex with no regularity. To study the principles of magnetic fields for the BDFM, a general expression of the fundamental wave is deduced, which shows that the fundamental wave can be regarded as a standing wave when it is observed from rotor reference; also, some discussions about the characteristics of the fundamental wave are presented in the paper. Next, a model of wound-rotor BDFM prototype is established, and the enveloping line and the relations between rotor position and its electrical angle of the magnetic field are figured out in the paper. Finally, after detecting the induced electromotive force (EMF) of measurement coils embedded in the corresponding prototype machine, the validity of the proposed conclusions is verified.
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Huang, Yi, and Clemens Gühmann. "Wireless Sensor Network for Temperatures Estimation in an Asynchronous Machine Using a Kalman Filter." ACTA IMEKO 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v7i1.509.
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<p class="Abstract">A 4<sup>th</sup>-order Kalman filter (KF) algorithm is developed based on the thermal model of an asynchronous machine. The thermal parameters are identified and KF is implemented in a wireless sensor network (WSN) to estimate the temperatures of the stator windings, the rotor cage, and the stator core of an asynchronous machine. The rotor speed, coolant air temperature, and the effective current and voltage are acquired by a WTIM (wireless transducer interface module) separately and transmitted to a NCAP (network capable application processor) where the KF algorithm is implemented. Losses of the stator windings and the rotor cage are copper losses, and the stator core losses are iron losses. The losses of the stator windings, the rotor cage and the stator core are calculated from the measurements and are processed with the coolant air temperature by KF. As the resistance varies from temperature, the estimated temperature of the stator windings is used for compensating the rising of resistance. Simulations and experiments on the test bench were performed before the KF algorithm is implemented on a wireless sensor node. The real-time temperature estimator on WSN is independent of control algorithm and can work under any load condition with very high accuracy.</p>
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Xu, Pei Feng, Xian Xing Liu, Kai Shi, and Yi Du. "Design of Dual-Rotor Radial Flux Permanent-Magnet Generator for Wind Power Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.9.
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Wind energy is being widely developed to replace the fossil energy and protect the environment against pollution. This paper proposes a novel dual-rotor radial flux permanent-magnet (DRRFPM) wind turbine with the toroidally-wound windings which can apparently improve the utilization coefficient of wind energy. Two concentric surface-mounted PM rotors are located inside and outside of a cup stator with back-to-back windings, respectively. The configuration, features, and design principle of the proposed machine are introduced. The magnetic circuit approach is used to analyze the machine with a simplified motor topology. To verify the accuracy of the present model, two-dimensional finite element method (FEM) is conducted for the modeled machine to validate the characteristics and performances of the proposed DRRFPM wind turbine.
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Raschepkin, A. P., I. P. Kondratenko, O. M. Karlov, and R. S. Kryshchuk. "MAGNETO-ELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERTER OF SEA WAVES." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2021, no. 4 (June 17, 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2021.04.025.
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To convert the energy of sea waves, the use of cylindrical (with a radial magnetic flux) three-phase magnetoelectric generators with a permanent magnet rotor using a mechanical gearbox to increase the rotor speed is considered. Given the real rotor motion, a mathematical model has been developed to calculate the distribution of magnetic fields in the gap of the generator, and functional dependences of the flux linkage of the winding and the electromagnetic moment of the generator on its design and the parameters of permanent magnets have been obtained. For the adopted design, the electromagnetic moment, the distribution of phase currents in the windings, the power and voltage of the generator are determined. A comparison is made of the energy performance of generators with a traditional float drive and using a ratchet to ensure one-sided rotation of the rotor. The expediency of using a ratchet generator to convert the energy of sea waves is considered. References 6, figures 7.
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Sirewal, Ghulam Jawad, Muhammad Ayub, and Byung-il Kwon. "Design and analysis of a PM-assisted brushless WRSM for improving torque characteristics." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 1127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209429.
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This paper proposes a permanent magnet assisted brushless wound rotor synchronous machine (PMa–BL–WRSM) design. The proposed machine has the advantage of a high starting torque compared to existing BL–WRSM topologies. Additionally, the average torque increases and the torque ripple is reduced when the permanent magnet assisted machine structure is used. PMa–BL–WRSM operates on the principle of brushless excitation using zero-sequence, third-harmonic current generation in the stator windings. The third harmonic component is harnessed to induce a voltage in the harmonic winding which is mounted on the rotor. As there is no flux generated from filed winding in the starting, the starting torque of the machine is also zero. To overcome the problem, permanent magnets (PMs) are inserted in each field tooth to provide the initial source of flux on the rotor. Finite element analysis is performed with the PM–BL–WRSM, and the elicited results are compared with the basic machine structure. The proposed machine operation is verified using 2-D finite element analyses using the ANSYS Maxwell analysis tool.
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F. Omar, M., E. Sulaiman, H. A. Soomro, L. I. Jusoh, and F. Amin. "Slot Pole Study of Field Excitation Flux Switching Machines Using Segmental Rotor and Non-Overlap Windings." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (April 20, 2018): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.15333.
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Field excitation flux switching machines (FEFSMs) in which their torque performance generated by interaction between armature and field excitation (FE) coils have been widely designed and developed for various applications. In this regard, FEFSM with salient rotor is considered the most suitable candidate for high speed applications because of their advantages of flux controllability, and robust due to single piece of rotor structure. However, the existing FEFSM with overlapped armature and FEC windings lead to increment of copper loss, motor size and material cost. In addition, the declination of torque and power densities due to high rotor weight needs to be improved. In this paper, performance comparisons of four FEFSM topologies particularly emphasis on non-overlap armature coil and FEC windings placed on the stator with segmental rotor are investigated. The performances, including flux linkage, back-emf, flux strengthening, flux line, flux distribution, cogging torque, torque and power of the proposed motor are analysed and compared using 2D finite element analysis (FEA) thru JMAG Designer version 15. As a result, segmental rotor has produced shorter flux paths, while non-overlapping windings has reduced the copper consumption. Finally, the best combination of stator slot-pole configurations is 12S-6P which provide high flux linkage, high torque and power of 0.0412 Wb, 0.77 Nm and 0.26 kW, respectively.
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Meshcheryakov, V. N., D. V. Lastochkin, Z. M. Shakurova, and S. Valtchev. "Energy saving system of cascade variable frequency induction electric drive." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 01037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912401037.
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This paper discusses the wound rotor induction motor and variable-frequency drive (VFD) that regulates the stator voltage frequency. The stator and rotor windings are connected to a common electrical circuit. The slip energy of the motor goes to the DC link and feeds the stator winding of the motor. The block diagram of the electric drive, the equivalent circuit and the basic characteristic of the cascade VFD are considered. It is shown that the energy-saving mode with a minimum ratio “stator current/torque” is achieved at an angle between vectors of the stator current and the excitation current at the level of 45 degrees. The experimental static mechanical characteristics of the electric drive were obtained. These characteristics provide a limitation of the starting torque.
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Li, Gui Dan, Jian Chun Cao, Bin Li, and Hong Feng Li. "Control of Permanent Magnetic Spherical Motor Based on Torque-Sharing Strategy." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 1512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.1512.
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In permanent magnet spherical motor control system, in order to obtain control current of the stator winding, it is required to solve the generalized inverse of the torque matrix of high dimension, which increases the computational burden of the control system. To solve this problem, the torque-sharing strategy of double-pole structure of PMSM was discussed. The target torque was decomposed into the rotation torque and the tilting torque through comparing the torque component of different stator windings. The set of control winding is divided. Further, according to the torque characteristics of a collection of internal stator winding and rotor position, an energizing strategy of the windings was developed, and the rotation and tilt torque control matrix were obtained, and two dimensional reduction matrixes reduced the computational burden. On this basis, the dynamics model and electrical model of PMSM were established, and the control system consisted of position loop and current loop. Control torque was obtained by the calculation of the torque method, and control current was obtained by torque-sharing strategy. Simulation results show that the system is able to achieve independent control of rotation and tilt and track the desired trajectory.
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Kwon, Jung-Woo, Jin-hee Lee, Wenliang Zhao, and Byung-Il Kwon. "Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machine with Phase-Group Concentrated-Coil Windings and Cogging Torque Reduction Technique." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 15, 2018): 2758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102758.
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We herein propose a novel high-torque-density flux-switching permanent magnet machine (FSPMM) which adopted phase-group concentrated-coil (PGCC) winding and a cogging torque reduction technique. The PGCC winding was applied to increase the torque density. In order to maximize the torque of the FSPMM that utilizes the PGCC windings, the performance according to stator slots/rotor poles combinations were compared. A machine which had 12 stator slots and 13 rotor poles (12S13P) was selected for its top average torque value. However, the 12S13P PGCC FSPMM contains high cogging torque that must be reduced. The cogging torque reduction technique is applied, and the parameters used in the technique are further optimized to achieve the target average torque, while suppressing the cogging torque as much as possible. The optimization process was performed with a collaboration of the genetic algorithm and Kriging method. The analysis results of the optimized design exhibited huge reductions in the cogging torque and eventually in the torque ripple from the initial machine, with reasonable average torque reduction. The entire work was evaluated experimentally using a manufactured prototype.
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Sun, Yukun, Qiang Cui, Yonghong Huang, and Ye Yuan. "A High-Precision Rotor Position and Displacement Prediction Method Specially for Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (December 9, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9602426.
Full textAbstract:
The high performance sensorless performance of the bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor is the main direction to improve the reliability of the drive system and reduce the cost of the system, and the high-precision rotor position and displacement prediction method is the key technology to realize the high performance sensorless operation. In view of the above problems, a rotor displacement and position prediction method based on kernel extreme learning machine is studied in this paper. On the basis of the mathematical model of BPMSM, this method predicted the position and displacement of the rotor according to the current and flux linkage of suspension windings and torque windings by KELM. The construction method of rotor position and displacement prediction model was described; meanwhile the implementation steps of offline training and online prediction were given. Finally, the error between the method and the actual value was compared by simulation and experiment. The results showed that the proposed method had high accuracy and could achieve real-time rotor position and displacement and then provides the basis for realizing sensorless operation control of BPMSM.
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Ai, Chengliu, Christopher H. T. Lee, James L. Kirtley, Yuanfeng Huang, Haifeng Wang, and Zhiwei Zhang. "A Hybrid Methodology for Analyzing the Performance of Induction Motors with Efficiency Improvement by Specific Commercial Measures." Energies 12, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 4497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234497.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a hybrid methodology to analyze the commercial measures of changing stator windings and adjusting air gap length to upgrade efficiency of typical three-phase direct-on-line induction motors with die-cast copper rotor (DCR). The calculation is carried out through combining the time-stepping and time-harmonic finite element analysis (FEA) and the circuit equivalent circuit model. Typical full-load performance of stator windings with different air gap lengths are computed by MATLAB invoking the 2D transient and eddy current field analysis in ANSYS/MAXWELL. Then, MATLAB scripts about post-processing of the FEA results are used to obtain the full-load running performance including the loss distribution and circulating current. The MATLAB scripts of circuit model built based on the FEA results is used to compare the overload and starting performance. After that, four stators with the four windings and three DCRs with different air gap of an 11 kW motor are fabricated and tested to validate the calculations. By comparing results from both calculations and measurements, it is shown that the factors of stator windings and air gap length can effectively improve the efficiency of the 11 kW DCR induction motor without the addition of extra materials. The motor with the 11/12 pitch Y-Δ series winding and 0.6 mm air gap has the best performance, in terms of efficiency, overloading capability and starting performance. Its efficiency can increase from 90% to the highest 92.35% by sole adjustment of stator winding and air gap length.
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Freese, Michael, and Stefan Kulig. "Influence of constructional turbo-generator end region design on end winding inductances." Archives of Electrical Engineering 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10171-012-0017-z.
Full textAbstract:
Influence of constructional turbo-generator end region design on end winding inductancesThe paper introduces a comprehensive investigation in end winding inductances of large two-pole turbo-generators. With the aid of an analytic-numeric approach, where Neumann's formula is applied, the influence of geometric characteristics of double-layer stator end windings with involute shape is analysed. This parameter study results in approximation formulas for the stator self and mutual inductances at strand level as well as for the common used end winding leakage inductance. In order to consider field affecting components as pressure plate, flux shield, rotor shaft and rotor retaining ring, finite elements models for two machines (250 MVA and 1150 MVA) are created and computed. The results are integrated in the developed approximation formulas. Finally the simulation results of machine 1 are compared to the data of two different measurements. All approaches introduced in this paper show good correlation. The high speed of the analytic-numeric calculation is combined with the accuracy and opportunity to consider field affecting components within the extensive finite element computation successfully.
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Sadeghian, Omid, Sajjad Tohidi, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, and Fazel Mohammadi. "A Comprehensive Review on Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 16, 2021): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020842.
Full textAbstract:
The Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine (BDFRM) has been widely investigated in numerous research studies since it is brushless and cageless and there is no winding on the rotor of this emerging machine. This feature leads to several advantages for this machine in comparison with its induction counterpart, i.e., Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Machine (BDFIM). Less maintenance, less power losses, and also more reliability are the major advantages of BDFRM compared to BDFIM. The design complexity of its reluctance rotor, as well as flux patterns for indirect connection between the two windings mounted on the stator including power winding and control winding, have restricted the development of this machine technology. In the literature, there is not a comprehensive review of the research studies related to BDFRM. In this paper, the previous research studies are reviewed from different points of view, such as operation, design, control, transient model, dynamic model, power factor, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), and losses. It is revealed that the BDFRM is still evolving since the theoretical results have shown that this machine operates efficiently if it is well-designed.