Journal articles: 'Roughness class measuring system'

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Agoyan, Marion, Gary Fourneau, Guy Cheymol, Ayoub Ladaci, Hicham Maskrot, Christophe Destouches, Damien Fourmentel, et al. "Confocal chromatic sensor for displacement monitoring in research reactor." EPJ Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125304021.

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Confocal chromatic microscopy is an optical technique allowing measuring displacement, thickness, and roughness with a sub-micrometric precision. Its operation principle is based on a wavelength encoding of the object position. Historically, the company STIL based in the south of France has first developed this class of sensors in the 90’s. Of course, this sensor can only operate in a sufficiently transparent medium in the used spectral domain. It presents the advantage of being contactless, which is a crucial advantage for some applications such as the fuel rod displacement measurement in a nuclear research reactor core and in particular for cladding-swelling measurements. The extreme environmental conditions encountered in such experiments i.e. high temperature, high pressure, high radiations flux, strong vibrations, surrounding turbulent flow can affect the performances of this optical system. We then need to implement mitigation techniques to optimize the sensor performance in this specific environment. Another constraint concerns the small volume available in the irradiation rig next to the rod to monitor, implying the challenge to conceive a miniaturized sensor able to operate under these constraints.

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Patel, Rikesh, Matthias Hirsch, Paul Dryburgh, Don Pieris, Samuel Achamfuo-Yeboah, Richard Smith, Roger Light, Steve Sharples, Adam Clare, and Matt Clark. "Imaging Material Texture of As-Deposited Selective Laser Melted Parts Using Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101991.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a production technology where material is accumulated to create a structure, often through added shaped layers. The major advantage of additive manufacturing is in creating unique and complex parts for use in areas where conventional manufacturing reaches its limitations. However, the current class of AM systems produce parts that contain structural defects (e.g., cracks and pores) which is not compatible with certification in high value industries. The probable complexity of an AM design increases the difficulty of using many non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques to inspect AM parts—however, a unique opportunity exists to interrogate a part during production using a rapid surface based technique. Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) is a laser ultrasound inspection technique used to image material microstructure of metals and alloys. SRAS generates and detects `controlled’ surface acoustic waves (SAWs) using lasers, which makes it a non-contact and non-destructive technique. The technique is also sensitive to surface and subsurface voids. Work until now has been on imaging the texture information of selective laser melted (SLM) parts once prepared (i.e., polished with R a < 0 . 1 μ m)—the challenge for performing laser ultrasonics in-process is measuring waves on the rough surfaces present on as-deposited parts. This paper presents the results of a prototype SRAS system, developed using the rough surface ultrasound detector known as speckle knife edge detector (SKED)—texture images using this setup of an as-deposited Ti64 SLM sample, with a surface roughness of S a ≈ 6 μ m, were obtained.

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Cao, Wei, Zhanchuan Cai, and Ben Ye. "Measuring Multiresolution Surface Roughness Using V-System." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 56, no. 3 (March 2018): 1497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2764519.

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Прохорец, Ольга, Olga Prokhorets, Владимир Давыдов, Vladimir Davydov, Вячеслав Языков, and Vyacheslav Yazykov. "Measuring system for 3d measurement of surface roughness." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2015, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22854.

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Considered preparing data for 3D-measurement of surface roughness stylusrip method. To find the plane of the trend apply the method of approximation function made up of equal volumes of peaks and troughs above the plane and below the plane respectively. Developed information-measuring complex and software for 3D-measurement of surface roughness.

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Liu, Zhen, Wei Yang, Minzan Li, Peng Zhou, Xiangqian Yao, Yuqing Chen, and Ziyuan Hao. "Soil Roughness Measuring System Combined With Image Processing." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 17 (2018): 689–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.116.

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Dodda Mallappa, Shivanna, Kiran Mysore Bhaskar, Venkatesh Gude Subbaraya, and Kavitha Shimoga Divakar. "Process Capability Assessment Using Vision System." International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies 13, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2021.13.2.96.

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Surface roughness assessment would help in predicting a component’s functionality. This clearly shows the significance of measuring the surface roughness of machined components. Thus, each machined component, depending upon its intended function, requires a certain surface finish. To predict the surface roughness of a machined component, a detailed understanding of the machining parameters is essential. This is because, surface roughness generated on a component, depends upon machining parameters speed, feed, and depth of cut. A stable manufacturing process gives a consistent surface finish on all the manufactured components. Thus, only by having a stable process, consistent quality of manufactured products is possible. The capability of the machine is defined as the capability of the machine to carry out the set process efficiently and effectively to produce parts as per the specification limits. Machining parameters, tools, coolant flow rate, etc. An effort has been made in this research work, to show how by measuring surface roughness of machined components process capability can be assessed. Thus, the method is a novel technique of assessing the process capability of a given process. A capable process would help a manufacturing company in meeting customer expectations. The proposed method is of non-contact type, quick, and industry-friendly.

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Mazule, L., S. Liukaityte, R. C. Eckardt, A. Melninkaitis, O. Balachninaite, and V. Sirutkaitis. "A system for measuring surface roughness by total integrated scattering." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 44, no. 50 (December 2, 2011): 505103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/44/50/505103.

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Zhu, Ming, Qi Yong Zeng, Kai Wu, Tao Hong, and Xiao Feng Zheng. "Surface Roughness Measuring System Design for Cutting Workpiece Based on Machine Vision Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 128-129 (October 2011): 434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.128-129.434.

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A new method for workpiece surface roughness measuring system based on machine vision technology was designed. A Charge-coupled Device （CCD） camera was used to take workpiece surface image. Then median filtering, image enhancement and image binarization techniques were used for image preprocessing. And then useful information was extracted from image characteristic parameters. The surface roughness of cutting workpiece was calculated out. Researching emphasis was focused on the hardware design and software programming of the main two parts, image acquisition module and image processing module. This measuring system was used to measure cutting workpiece surface roughness, and perform very well.

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García Plaza, Eustaquio, Pedro Jose Núñez López, Francisco Mata, and A. Sanz. "Machining Control of Surface Roughness by Measuring Cutting Forces." Advanced Materials Research 498 (April 2012): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.498.157.

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The primary aim of this study was to design and develop an on-line control system of finished surfaces in automated machining process by CNC turning. The control system consisted of two basic phases: during the first phase, surface roughness was monitored through cutting force signals; the second phase involved a closed-loop adaptive control system based on data obtained during the monitoring of the cutting process. The system ensures that surfaces roughness is maintained at optimum values by adjusting the feed rate through communication with the PLC of the CNC machine. A monitoring and adaptive control system has been developed that enables the real-time monitoring of surface roughness during CNC turning operations. The system detects and prevents faults in automated turning processes, and applies corrective measures during the cutting process that raise quality and reliability reducing the need for quality control.

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Zhao, Yan Ling, Si Hai Cui, Liang Zhu, and Feng Ling Wu. "Design and Realization of Roughness Measurement System Based on DM642." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 1025–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.1025.

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For features of large data, complex operation and high transport in the process of measurement surface roughness, In this paper, roughness measurement system based on TMS320DM642 (DM642) as its core was designed, then established architecture of system and function modules is described in details, on this basis using of regression analysis to calibrate the relationship between image measuring roughness and actual values. Finally, this paper develops DSP software development platform.

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Shi, Xu Dong, Shou Wen Shi, Lu Zhang, and Jian Li Li. "Research on Modeling Method of Runway Frictional Coefficient Measuring Vehicle Based on Impedance Diagrams." Advanced Materials Research 214 (February 2011): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.214.133.

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Airport runway friction coefficient is an important parameter to evaluate the quality of runway which is usually measured by runway friction coefficient measuring vehicle. In order to reduce the airport runway friction coefficient measuring error which comes from runway vibration caused by road roughness and vehicle its own structural characteristics, an impedance diagram is used to model the suspending system and measuring system of the measuring vehicle. The power spectral density of pavement and inverse discrete Fourier transformation are introduced to model runway surface roughness as excitation input. The rationality of the stimulating established model is validated by comparing with an airport runway surface roughness measurement data. Runway friction coefficient measuring vehicle′s measuring error can be reduced and the measurement accuracy can be improved by using the impedance diagram modeling method.

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Uchino, M., W. Fujisaki, E. Kurihara, K. Matsuda, and Toshihiko Koseki. "Characteristics of Laser Speckle Measurement of Tooth Roughness." Key Engineering Materials 261-263 (April 2004): 1581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.261-263.1581.

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This study is concerned with the fundamental characteristics of a new nondestructive measuring technique of the tooth roughness with precisely. In the dental clinics, the estimation of roughness of tooth surfaces with a hand explorer is one of the important tests for the finishing the crown re-shaping and resin fillings. If the tooth surface is rough enough to hold dental plaque, it occasio-nally causes dental diseases around it. Therefore, it is important to measure the roughness of the tooth surfaces for the prevention of furthermore distraction of the tooth. Laser speckle measurement is used as an evaluation method for objectively measuring the surface roughness with non-contact. In this study, a laser speckle measurement system for measuring the surface roughness is constructed. Comparison measurement is carried out for the tooth pieces with the various unidirectional roughness and the metallic test pieces with the standard roughness. The experimental results using the actual measuring system show some important points as follows. Firstly, there is a good correla-tion between the laser speckle pattern and the tooth roughness as well as that of the metallic test pieces. Secondly, the reflection from the tooth shows a different tendency in comparison with the reflection from the metallic test pieces.

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Kuo, Chil Chyuan, and Yi Ruei Chen. "A New Optical Technique for Surface Roughness Measurement of Tio₂ Thin Films." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.831.

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A rapid optical inspection system for rapid measuring the surface roughness of titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films is developed in this work. The incident angle of 60° is a good candidate for measuring surface roughness of TiO2 thin films and y = 90.391x + 0.5123 is a trend equation for predicting the surface roughness of TiO2 thin films. Roughness average (Ra) of TiO2 thin films (y) can be directly deduced from the peak power density (x) using the optical inspection system developed. The results were verified by white-light interferometer. The best measurement error rate of the optical inspection system developed can be controlled about 8.8%.The saving in inspection time of the surface roughness of TiO2 thin films is up to 83%.

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Philpott, M. L., S. E. Mitchell, J. F. Tobolski, and P. A. Green. "Simultaneous In-Process Inspection of Surface Form and Roughness of Machined Sculptured Surfaces." Journal of Engineering for Industry 117, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804351.

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A noncontact measuring system for the simultaneous in-process inspection of surface form and surface roughness of sculptured machined surfaces is described. Previous presented work demonstrated successful algorithms for open-loop and closed-loop convergence to a specified, or desired, surface form. In this paper, results of implementing these algorithms with the new measuring system are briefly described. A new methodology is presented which extends the concept to enable convergence to both the desired surface form and the desired surface roughness. Two scanning procedures for simultaneous form and roughness inspection are presented. Software modules for surface roughness planning and control have been developed and incorporated into an Integrated Mold Production System (or IMPS).

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Tanaka, Mami, Yukinori Fuse, and Seiji Chonan. "Development of a sensor system for measuring skin roughness and softness." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2002.1 (2002): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2002.1.0_247.

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Xiao-rong, Lv, Lv Xiao-lian, and Zhang Li-hua. "Design and Study on Dynamic Measuring System for Field Surface Roughness." International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2016): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijsip.2016.9.1.38.

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Duboust, N., H. Ghadbeigi, C. Pinna, S. Ayvar-Soberanis, A. Collis, R. Scaife, and K. Kerrigan. "An optical method for measuring surface roughness of machined carbon fibre-reinforced plastic composites." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 289–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316644849.

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Characterization of the damage induced by machining of fibre-reinforced composites is usually performed by measuring surface roughness. Contact-based surface profilometers are the most used equipment in industry; however, it has been found that there are performance limitations which may result when used to measure machined heterogeneous composite surfaces. In this research, surface roughness is characterised using a commercial non-contact optical method, and compared with a conventional stylus profilometer. Unidirectional and multidirectional carbon fibre laminates were edge trimmed and slot milled. The variation in surface roughness was compared using different tool types, fibre orientations and cutting parameters. Surface damage and cutting mechanisms were assessed by using scanning electron microscope images, and the suitability of roughness parameters were also analysed including: Sa, Skewness and Kurtosis. Using the optical system allowed accurate roughness calculation of individual plies on a multidirectional laminate with different fibre orientations. The research has also shown that the optical system, including the use of areal roughness parameters, can increase the accuracy of roughness measurement for machined fibrous composite surfaces and is less sensitive to measurement position than the stylus.

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A, Yufrizal, Eko Indrawan, Nofri Helmi, Abdul Aziz, and Yoga Amanda Putra. "Pengaruh Sudut Potong dan Kecepatan Putaran Spindel Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan pada Proses Bubut Mild Steel ST 37." INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional dan Teknologi 19, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/invotek.v19i2.582.

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The surface quality of turning can be influenced by several factors such as determining the spindle rotation speed, determining cutting speed (cutting speed), cut angle. the purpose of this study was to compare the level of surface roughness in the mild steel ST 37 on lathe process. Every surface of the workpiece that undergoes a machining process will experience varying degrees of roughness. This research is an experimental study that compares the level of surface roughness of material material Mild Steel ST 37. Material that is done with a length of 70 mm, and turned into a diameter of 20 mm using 3 kinds of cutting angles and 3 kinds of spindle rotation speed. Measuring the surface roughness of the workpiece, namely surface tester mitutoyo SJ-201P. The results of this study can be concluded that the spindle rotation speed of 740 rpm with 80˚ cutting angle produces a smoother surface that is (∑Rap) = 5.76 μm or in the roughness class N9 while the spindle rotation speed is 440 rpm with 80 potong cutting angle produces a surface coarse (∑Rap) = 11.47 μm with N10 surface roughness class.

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Okuyama, Eiki, Yuichi Suzuki, Masahiro Morikawa, Yuma Suzuki, and Ichiro Yoshida. "Development of a Surface Roughness Measurement System in a Narrow Borehole." International Journal of Automation Technology 10, no. 5 (September 5, 2016): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2016.p0821.

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In industrial fields, it is frequently necessary to measure surface roughness in confined spaces such as boreholes and grooves in workpieces. However, the surface roughness of a narrow borehole can be measured only up to a few millimeters from its end when using a small stylus. Alternatively, destructive measurements must be performed. We previously proposed a novel surface roughness measurement sensor. To make the sensor sufficiently small, we used a stylus with a cylindrical mirror and a lensed fiber instead of a conventional inductive pick-up. The proposed sensor converts the signal used for measuring the surface roughness of a borehole into an optical signal, which is transferred outside the borehole by an optical fiber. The experimental results demonstrate that this system has a measurement range of 8 μm and a sensitivity of 19 nm. In this paper, we propose a carriage that supports the stylus when measuring the surface roughness in a small borehole. The proposed carriage has two degrees of freedom: displacement along the borehole axis and rotation around the borehole axis. In experiments, the surface roughness of standard test pieces was measured using the proposed method and the conventional method. The measurement results obtained by these methods were found to be very similar. Furthermore, a borehole with 2.4 mm diameter was measured. The measurement result included the characteristic wave that was obtained by the conventional method in places. The experiments also revealed some problems of the proposed system. For example, the setting procedure of the measured surface in the 8 μm measurement range was difficult. Consequently, a large measurement range or a null method is required.

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Koblar, Valentin, and Bogdan Filipič. "Evolutionary Design of a System for Online Surface Roughness Measurements." Mathematics 9, no. 16 (August 10, 2021): 1904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9161904.

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Surface roughness is one of the key characteristics of machined components as it affects the surface quality and, consequently, the lifetime of the components themselves. The most common method of measuring the surface roughness is contact profilometry. Although this method is still widely applied, it has several drawbacks, such as limited measurement speed, sensitivity to vibrations, and requirement for precise positioning of the measured samples. In this paper, machine vision, machine learning and evolutionary optimization algorithms are used to induce a model for predicting the surface roughness of automotive components. Based on the attributes extracted by a machine vision algorithm, a machine learning algorithm generates the roughness predictive model. In addition, an evolutionary algorithm is used to tune the machine vision and machine learning algorithm parameters in order to find the most accurate predictive model. The developed methodology is comparable to the existing contact measurement method with respect to accuracy, but advantageous in that it is capable of predicting the surface roughness online and in real time.

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Karlsson, Jussi, Aki Piiroinen, Markus Korpela, and Antti Salminen. "Surface roughness variance on different levels of surface inclination of powder bed fused tool steel 1.2709." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1135, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1135/1/012020.

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Abstract Evolution of additive manufacturing has allowed increased flexibility and complexity of designs over conventional manufacturing e.g. formative and subtractive manufacturing. Restricting factor of laser powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) additive manufacturing is the as-built surface quality. To promote an understanding of the surface roughness and suitable surface measuring technologies octagon shaped tool steel 1.2709 samples was developed and manufactured. Different surface measuring technologies was also literary reviewed. Studied samples were manufactured with commercially available laser-based powder bed fusion system using standard parameter set provided by the system manufacturer. Surface roughness was measured from top and down skins from multiple different building angles in a way that process specific effects, such as direction of movement of the powder re-coater, was considered. Based on these measuring results of the samples the effect surface inclination are discussed. The results show that building angle strongly affects to surface roughness of laser-based powder bed fused parts. Surface roughness was measured to be more than five times worse in unsupported angle manufactured down facing surfaces when compared with vertical walls.

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Balchugov, Evgeniy V. "The Influence of Finish Treatment on the Service Life of the Bearing." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 67, no. 1 (March 28, 2020): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-99-103.

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Roughness in rolling bearings plays a very important role. Improving the reliability of rubbing parts of equipment is an urgent task. Finishing, superfinishing and laping were used as finishing operations. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in investigating the effect of various finishing operations on the durability of the needle bearing of the cardan joint. (Materials and methods) Needle bearings of the GPP 704702K model (with a nominal dynamic load capacity of 160 kilonewtons) were studied. Tests were carried out on a test rig for four cups and spikes of bearings made of 20KhVG high-carbon chromium bearing steel. The article presents the results of measuring the roughness in the axial direction of the spike and the working surface of the bearing, carried out using a T1000 Basic portable semi-automatic device for measuring surface roughness of first accuracy class. (Results and discussion) As the roughness of the raceway increases, the bearing life decreases. It has been noted a difference in the increasing bearing temperature depending on the roughness of the raceway surface and finishing methods. The sample subjected to superfinishing or laping had the smallest temperature increase and there was a tendency to increase the bearing temperature as the surface roughness increased. (Conclusions) The roughness of the raceway has a close relationship with the service life, with a decrease in roughness, the service life increases by about 1.8 times. It was found that superfinishing or lapping with a sand paper after finishing to a certain roughness nmach = 3 micrometers by grinding is more effective than processing a smooth surface by grinding alone. It was found that when the surface roughness of the raceway decreases, the bearing temperature decreases.

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Pancu, Galina, Simona Stoleriu, Nicoleta Tofan, Irina Nica, Cristina Angela Ghiorghe, Gianina Iovan, Antonia Moldovanu, Georgiana Macovei, and Sorin Andrian. "In vitro Assessment of the Effect of Opalustre Bleaching System on Dental Enamel." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 7 (August 15, 2018): 1871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.7.6434.

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The study was performed to investigate the changes induced by mechanical-chemical action of a bleaching product on dental enamel and to assess the effect of some remineralization products containing calcium, phosphate, and fluoride applied in conjunction with the bleaching product by surface roughness analysis using profilometry. Forty tooth samples were randomly divided in three study groups and a control group. In control group (group IV) the samples were maintained in artificial saliva. The study groups were as follows: group I-samples submitted to bleaching procedure using Opalustre (3 times a day, 1minute each), group II-samples submitted to remineralization and then to whitening, group III-samples submitted to remineralization, whitening and then remineralization. The surface roughness was determined in relation to a reference surface using Portable Surface Roughness Measuring Tester SJ-210 (Mitutoyo, America Corporation, USA). The bleaching system Opalustre increased the roughness of enamel and the product that contains calcium, phosphate and fluoride applied before and after bleaching improved the roughness parameters.

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Fu, Shaowei, Fang Cheng, Tegoeh Tjahjowidodo, Yu Zhou, and David Butler. "A Non-Contact Measuring System for In-Situ Surface Characterization Based on Laser Confocal Microscopy." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 2657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082657.

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The characterization of surface topographic features on a component is typically quantified using two-dimensional roughness descriptors which are captured by off-line desktop instruments. Ideally any measurement system should be integrated into the manufacturing process to provide in-situ measurement and real-time feedback. A non-contact in-situ surface topography measuring system is proposed in this paper. The proposed system utilizes a laser confocal sensor in both lateral and vertical scanning modes to measure the height of the target features. The roughness parameters are calculated in the developed data processing software according to ISO 4287. To reduce the inherent disadvantage of confocal microscopy, e.g., scattering noise at steep angles and background noise from specular reflection from the optical elements, the developed system has been calibrated and a linear correction factor has been applied in this study. A particular challenge identified for this work is the in-situ measurement of features generated by a robotized surface finishing system. The proposed system was integrated onto a robotic arm with the measuring distance and angle adjusted during measurement based on a CAD model of the component in question. Experimental data confirms the capability of this system to measure the surface roughness within the Ra range of 0.2–7 μm (bandwidth λc/λs of 300), with a relative accuracy of 5%.

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Drbúl, Mário, Pavol Martikáň, Jozef Bronček, Ivan Litvaj, and Jaroslava Svobodová. "Analysis of roughness profile on curved surfaces." MATEC Web of Conferences 244 (2018): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824401024.

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Production and control of accurate surface bring some issues. There are some technological limits of machining, but we have to know how to control these machined surfaces due to functional and life-time properties, which are affected mainly by roughness surface. Most important part of system of roughness surface measuring is suppression of nominal shape of scanned profile, its filtration according to standard ISO 4288 and evaluation according to the relevant standards. This article described process of filtration of roughness surface profile. If operator of the measuring instrument omits some important aspects at this stage, we obtain incorrect roughness surface profile, which significantly distorts the results of measurement leading to a rough error. The article is aimed at verifying roughness meters and indicates if a certain amount of data would be lost as if this loss affected the measurement result. Objectively, such a loss of data was simulated in the evaluation by considering every 7th scanned point at constant velocity of measurement.

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Kamguem, R., A. S. Tahan, and V. Songmene. "Surface Roughness Estimation of Turned Parts from Optical Image Measurements and Wavelet Decomposition." International Journal of Materials Forming and Machining Processes 1, no. 1 (January 2014): 48–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmfmp.2014010104.

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The surface roughness is very significant information required for product quality on the field of mechanical engineering and manufacturing, especially in aeronautic. Its measurement must therefore be conducted with care. In this work, a measuring method of the surface roughness based on machine vision was studied. The authors' use algorithms to evaluate new discriminatory features thereby than the statistical characteristics using the coefficients of the wavelet transform and used to estimate the roughness parameters. This vision system allows measuring simultaneously several parameters of the roughness at the same time, order to meet for the desired surface function used. The results were validated on three different families of materials: aluminum, cast iron and brass. The impact of material on the quality of the results was analyzed, leading to the development of multi-materials. The study had shown that several roughness parameters can be estimated using only features extracted from the image and a neural network without a priori knowledge of the machining parameters.

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Shi, Xu Dong, Shou Wen Shi, Lu Zhang, and Jian Li Li. "Modeling and Simulation of Airport Runway Frictional Coefficient Measuring Vehicle Based on Bond-Graph Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.49.

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An airport runway frictional coefficient measuring vehicle is the important ground support equipment which is essential to the aircraft safety of taking off and landing. The modeling method of the measuring vehicle affects the measure result directly. The bond-graph modeling method is used to model the hanging system and measuring system of the measuring vehicle, the surface roughness of the runway produced by power spectral density and the discrete Fourier inverse transformation is utilized as the input excitation. The validity of the system models is verified based on the simulation.

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Hanson, Trevor, Coady Cameron, and Eric Hildebrand. "Evaluation of low-cost consumer-level mobile phone technology for measuring international roughness index (IRI) values." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 41, no. 9 (September 2014): 819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0183.

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International roughness index (IRI) values were calculated from multi-step processing of accelerometer data collected using three smartphone devices in three consumer vehicles under 11 test scenarios on a 1000 m stretch of secondary highway in New Brunswick. These data were compared to IRI data from a Class 1 inertial profiler averaged over 1000 m (2.60 m/km, std. dev. = 0.029). The combinations of factors producing average IRI values closest to Class 1 inertial profiler were the compact car, Galaxy SIII, windshield mount, at 80 km/h (2.58 m/km, std. dev. = 0.075) and the SUV, iPhone 5, windshield mount, at 50 km/h (2.63 m/km, std. dev. = 0.054). Changes in device type, vehicle type, and mounting arrangement significantly impacted IRI variance, while vehicle speed (50 km/h and 80 km/h) did not. The development of correction factors and analysis automation could make these devices a low-cost option for real-time network-level pavement management.

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Kłonica, Mariusz. "Analysis of selected surface roughness parameters the AW 6082 T6 aluminum alloy after turning process." Mechanik 91, no. 8-9 (September 10, 2018): 730–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.8-9.117.

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The paper presents selected research results concerning the surface roughness analysis of 2D and 3D after the turning process AW 6082 T6 aluminum alloy. The conical and spherical surfaces were analyzed. Samples made of aluminum alloy were made on a DMG MORI CTX450 numerically controlled lathe equipped with the Sinumerik 840D control system. The Hommel-Etamic T8000 RC-12-40 measuring device with a measuring radius of 2 μm was used to measure the selected surface roughness parameters. The Keyence VHX-5000 microscope was also used in the study to visualize the resulting surfaces.

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Jeong, Dahae, Han Choi, Yong Choi, and Wootae Jeong. "Measuring Acoustic Roughness of a Longitudinal Railhead Profile Using a Multi-Sensor Integration Technique." Sensors 19, no. 7 (April 3, 2019): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071610.

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It is necessary to measure accurately the rolling noise generated by the friction between wheels and rails in railway transport systems. Although many systems have recently been developed to measure the surface roughness of wheels and rails, there exist large deviations in measurements between each system whose measuring mechanism is based on a single sensor. To correct the structural problems in existing systems, we developed an automatic mobile measurement platform, named the Automatic Rail Checker (ARCer), which measures the acoustic roughness of a longitudinal railhead profile maintaining a constant speed. In addition, a new chord offset synchronization algorithm has been developed. This uses three displacement sensors to improve the measuring accuracy of the acoustic roughness of a longitudinal railhead profile, thereby minimizing the limitations of mobile platform measurement systems and measurement deviation. We then verified the accuracy of the measurement system and the algorithm through field tests on rails with different surface wear conditions.

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Kumar, Lohith, Teja Tallam, and C. Naveen Kumar. "Assessment of Ride Quality and Road Roughness by Measuring the Response from a Vehicle Mounted Android Smartphone." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 982, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012062.

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Abstract Road surface roughness is considered as one of the most important aspect in functional condition of roads indicating to riding comfort in both transverse and longitudinal direction. For all highway projects maintaining proper surface evenness has been a mandatory requirement from the government of India. In this study, pavement unevenness was estimated using an android-based smartphone and system rely on the movement of a suspension system in response to the unevenness of the road surface travelled by a vehicle. Roughness index (RI) is an indicator to measure the standard road roughness. Conventional way of measuring RI involves usage of bump integrator, profilometer and roughometer. Present study proposes an alternative method to measure roughness using smartphones. The study was carried out in 2 different locations and 3 different smartphones to obtain the magnitude of deflections. Data collected using standard fifth wheel bump integrator is used for validation. Data collected through smartphone i.e., accelerometer sensor details was given as input to Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) to find the magnitude of deflection on the road. The results obtained from smartphones was then correlated with the existing roughness index data collected by standard fifth wheel bump integrator to establish an equation to predict RI using an android mobile.

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Xue, Jin Lu, Hong Yan Wang, and Bao Shan Chi. "The Structural Refinement and Vibration Analysis of Apparatus Based on Inertia Benchmark for Measuring Road Roughness." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2832.

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The Apparatus for measuring road roughness based on inertia benchmark are usually used with method of “calculation amendment”. The exquisite vibration of sprung mass and double integration of acceleration can bring error to measuring result. The amelioration was took to this kind of device by adding a mass block called measuring benchmark. Vibration characteristic was analyzed through vibration equation. To reduce the error, the perfect combination of system parameters was found to minish the amplitude of measuring benchmark. The analysis indicated that when selecting appropriate system parameters the dimensionless amplitude can be tend to “1”.

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Michalik, Peter, Jana Fabianova, Leopold Hrabovsky, Marinko Maslarić, Luboslav Straka, and Jozef Macej. "Assessment of a robot base production using CAM programming for the FANUC control system." Open Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2021-0085.

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Abstract The subject of the article is the research of the production of a robot base using CAM programming, Autodesk Inventor HSM software, followed by the generation of G code – NC program. The research specifically examined the accuracy of measurement and evaluation of roundness with coaxiality on a 3D measuring device Thome. The surface roughness of the circular holes was measured using a Mitutoyo SJ 400 roughness meter. The maximum deviation of the roundness of the diameter D56H7 measured was 0.011 mm, and the diameter D72H7 measured was 0.013 mm. The coaxiality deviation of the diameters D56H7 and D72H7 measured was 0.017 mm.

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Kubátová, Dana, and Martin Melichar. "Post Processing of Roughness Raw Data." Solid State Phenomena 278 (July 2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.278.15.

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This paper deals with the system of roughness measurement, especially with the problem of data filtering and processing the results. Theoretical part describes shortly terms roughness, waviness and shape as surface integrity parameters. During phase of measuring we obtain all these three constituents in common. The most important task of post processing is separation of them. That is possible due to roughness HW and SW filters. Other parts of this paper contain SW data filtering description and philosophy of HW filtering. Last part of this article describes SW filters with basic mathematical apparatus, areas of usage and limitations.

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Huang, Jing Zhi, Teng Hui Guo, Jiu Bin Tan, and Tao Sun. "Dynamic Calibration for Measurement System of Form Measuring Instruments Based on Elliptical Standard." Applied Mechanics and Materials 870 (September 2017): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.870.203.

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A dynamic calibration method based on elliptical standard was put forward to further improve the calibration repeatability of measurement system of form measuring instruments. In this method, the radius difference of the major axis to the minor axis of elliptic contour acts as the standard value to calibrate the measuring system, and a low pass filter is used to filter the roughness, electrical noise and high frequency vibration signal which mixed into measurement data, the elliptic contour feature can be obtained accurately based on the low order harmonic properties. Compared with the traditional calibration method of flick standard, the proposed method ensure the calibration state is well consistent with the normal measuring state of the measuring system. Experimental results indicate that the calibration repeatability with 10nm can be achieved by measuring an elliptical standard. This method has been used in the calibration of measurement system of self-made ultra-precision cylindricity measuring instrument.

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Lübke, K., C. Pieper, G. Goch, and K. Kammers. "Design of a Universal Software System for Controlling Geometric Measuring Devices." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 7, no. 1 (June 15, 2006): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2410026.

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The research project UP-Prosa, a German acronym for universal and unified platform for planning, programming, controlling and evaluating processes, of measuring, aims at realizing a platform to design and control processes of geometry measurements, which supports a broad variety of measuring devices via one user interface. Based on Windows Operating System (OS) a software was developed able to control inspection devices for different types of geometry measurements (coordinate measuring machine, form, roughness, gear) and manufacturers by one defined communication protocol. This uniform user interface contains the programming of measurement processes, evaluation algorithms with standardized methods, as well as abilities to generate record pages at the users expectations. At the level of geometric measuring devices a universal controlling software called Prosa InterCommunicator (Prosa-ICom) was designed. Prosa-ICom communicates via network with the user interface and translates the defined protocol into a measuring device specific form. The internal structure is extendable and so it seems to be appropriate for both new developments and upgrades (retrofit) for all kinds of geometric measuring devices.

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MAGOSS, ENDRE, SÁNDOR TATAI, ZSOLT MOLNÁR, and INGRID FUCHS. "A calibration method of the laser triangular measuring system to evaluate wood surface roughness." Wood Research 65, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/65.4.555564.

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Poroshin, V. V., D. Yu Bogomolov, and A. G. Kostyuk. "Automated measuring system based on high-precision Talystep profilometer for monitoring surface-roughness standards." Russian Engineering Research 30, no. 6 (June 2010): 642–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x10060262.

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Shiraishi, M., and S. Sato. "Dimensional and Surface Roughness Controls in a Turning Operation." Journal of Engineering for Industry 112, no. 1 (February 1, 1990): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899298.

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Dimensional and surface roughness controls in turning have been achieved by a newly developed measuring system based on an optical technique. The aim of these controls are not only to keep a size deflection within a given tolerance but also to make a smoother surface by removing local irregularities during machining. The control strategy is focused on a Rmax value because of the simplicity of the control system design. The dimensional control is implemented with a reference diameter level of 1/2 Rmax roughness by the regular cutting tool, while in the roughness control a compensatory flat bite tool is used to remove surface irregularities. To begin with the dimensional control is achieved, then the roughness control is followed immediately after the dimensional correction. The control results demonstrate an improvement of surface roughness together with dimensional assurance.

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Volk, Raimund, and Stefan Feifel. "Full Scale Calibration of a Combined Tactile Contour and Roughness Measurement Device." Key Engineering Materials 613 (May 2014): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.613.94.

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In current production metrology contour and roughness of work pieces has to be controlled in demanding small tolerances. It is important that the results not only have to be accurate, but also the measurement has to be performed effective and fast. It would be convenient to have the possibility measuring first a continuous surface profile and than performing different evaluations on adjacent segments. We describe a measurement system which is based on a tactile probe with a diamond tip. The position of each axis is measured by high resolution and high accuracy digital scales. The instrument is calibrated and traced back by only using one precision sphere covering approximately the whole measuring range of 24 mm. It is shown that with only that macroscopic calibration and adjustment the accuracy for roughness measurement in all arbitrary vertical positions is reached in the nm-range. The calibration and adjustment process is described and we show the verification of the accuracy by measuring several surface specimens. The results are compared to a Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) calibration certificates for those surface roughness standards.

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Tominaga, Shoji, and Giuseppe Claudio Guarnera. "Measuring, Modeling, and Reproducing Material Appearance from Specular Profile." Color and Imaging Conference 2019, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-2629.2019.27.50.

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A method is proposed for measuring, modeling, and reproducing material appearance from the specular profile representing reflectance distribution around a specular highlight. Our method is aimed at opaque materials with a highly glossy surface like plastic, ceramic, and metals. Hence, the material surface is assumed to be not a perfect mirror, but a surface with some roughness. We do not use a gonio-spectrophometer nor an image-based measurement setup. Instead, we make use of a gloss meter with a function to measure the specular profile, containing for glossy materials appearance such as roughness, sharpness, and intensity. The surface reflection is represented as a linear sum of diffuse and specular reflection components, the latter described by the Cook-Torrance model. The specular function represents the glossy surface appearance by a small number of control parameters. Mitsuba rendering system is utilized to perform the rendering algorithms. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method is examined using different materials.

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Petrianu, Cristian, Marinela Inţă, Daniel Manolea, and Achim Muntean. "Experimental Study of the Laser Cutting Process on 1C45 - 3 mm Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.266.

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The Paper Presents the Measurement Systems Analysis, System Capability and Optimization of a Laser Cutting System for 3 Mm Alloy Steel. for the Measurement System Analysis and System Capability the Data was Introduced in a Excel Sheet which was Designed According to QS9000 Standard (Measurement System Analysis) to Calculate the Measuring System Repeatability, Reproducibility and Capability. Design of Experiment (DOE) was Used for Process Optimization the Optimization was Conducted in an Operational Manufacturing Environment and was Based on the Design of a 25 Full Factorial Experiment. the Laser Parameters (input) were Feed Rate v, Gas Pressure p, Power P, Frequency F and Efficiency R while the Response was the Roughness Rz. it was Analyzed the Influence of Laser Parameters on Roughness to Obtain a Complex Relationship to Show Roughness Rz Variation According to these Parameters, to Minimize the Rz and Maximize the Feed Rate.

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Shimizu, Motochika, Hiroshi Sawano, Hayato Yoshioka, and Hidenori Shinno. "On-Machine Surface Texture Measuring System Using Laser Speckle Pattern Analysis." International Journal of Automation Technology 10, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2016.p0069.

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Functional surfaces are expected technologies in various industries. However, the efficient generation of microscale surface structures is difficult because the process relies on precision surface texture assessments, which require long measuring times. An on-machine measuring system may solve this issue. In this study, a new on-machine surface texture measuring system based on laser speckle pattern analysis is proposed. The proposed system efficiently assesses various qualities of the surface texture, such as surface roughness, undulation of microscale surface structures, and anisotropy, from a laser speckle pattern obtained from the precision-machined surface. For precise measurements, disturbances caused by the machining system itself and the environment must be avoided. The laser speckle detection unit in the proposed system is supported by non-contact active vibration-isolation units, which reduce the transmission of ground vibrations. From the experimental results, the system indicated high repeatability in measurements and robustness against disturbances.

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KUBO, Masaru, Takeshi OKUYAMA, Daisuke TSUCHIMI, and Mami TANAKA. "F-2-2 Development of a Haptic Sensor System for Simultaneously Measuring Roughness and Stiffness." Proceedings of the Conference on Information, Intelligence and Precision Equipment : IIP 2013 (2013): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeiip.2013.140.

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Kuo, Chil-Chyuan, and Yu-Teng Siao. "High efficiency surface roughness measuring system for hard thin films deposited by cathodic arc evaporation." Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics 124, no. 17 (September 2013): 2993–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.09.014.

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Zhang, Shao Pu, and Tao Feng. "Uncertainty Measure Based on Evidence Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 329 (June 2013): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.329.344.

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Evidence theory is an effective method to deal with uncertainty information. And uncertainty measure is to reflect the uncertainty of an information system. Thus we want to merge evidence theory with uncertainty method in order to measure the roughness of a rough approximation space. This paper discusses the information fusion and uncertainty measure based on rough set theory. First, we propose a new method of information fusion based on the Bayse function, and define a pair of belief function and plausibility function using the fused mass function in an information system. Then we construct entropy for every decision class to measure the roughness of every decision class, and entropy for decision information system to measure the consistence of decision table.

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Shiou, Fang Jung, Hsin Ju Chen, and Chia Hao Hsu. "Development of a Print-Through Phenomenon Measurement System Using the Fringe Reflection Method for the Fiber Reinforced Plastics." Key Engineering Materials 437 (May 2010): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.437.131.

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Precision noncontact measurement of the print-through phenomenon (PTP) of the fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) is an urgent problem to be solved in yacht industry, especially for the quantization of the surface roughness and the profile of the yacht surface with PTP. The study presents the development of a surface profile measurement system using a fringe reflection method on a PC-based 3-axis measuring machine. The developed system mainly consists of a PC-based 3-axis machine, a CCD Camera, a programmable liquid crystal display (LCD) as a fringe projector, a screen on which the reflected fringe would be projected, a set of measurement software, and a PC. The surface roughness and the 2D profile of the flat composite specimens with PTP could be measured simultaneously using the fringe reflection method, based on the calibration results. Two-dimensional profile of a specimen with PTP was determined by the triangulation principle. The surface roughness of a test object was determined based on the scattering principle.

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Shiraishi, M. "A Consideration of Surface Roughness Measurement by Optical Method." Journal of Engineering for Industry 109, no. 2 (May 1, 1987): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3187097.

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A modified reflection theory based on Beckmann and Spizzichino is described which evaluates the surface roughness in connection with Rmax roughness value. Computer simulations due to this theory are relatively in good agreement with the experiments. Further, the simulation results suggest that the reflection characteristics can be freely changed to some extent by varying the incidence and acceptance angles of light. Also, the proposed measuring system is easily applicable to the real-time detection of turned surfaces without affecting its working accuracy.

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Tanaka, Fumiki, Hiroyuki Abe, Shinji Igari, and Masahiko Onosato. "Integrated Information Model for Design, Machining, and Measuring Using Annotated Features." International Journal of Automation Technology 8, no. 3 (May 5, 2014): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2014.p0388.

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Annotations on Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T), surface roughness, etc. are needed for machining or measuring. However, these annotations are not used for the digital format in the product development process, nor is there any clear, explicit relationship between annotation, machining information, and measuring results. In this research, an integrated information model for design, machining, and measuring based on annotated features is proposed. A model for surface texture is also proposed because surface texture parameters are closely related to machining process parameters. A modeling system for the proposed integrated model is also implemented.

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Shivanna, D. M., S. D. Kavitha, and M. B. Kiran. "Texture Feature Analysis of Milled Components Using Vision System." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.745.

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Surface texture assessment is very useful in predicting the functional behaviour of engineering components. Surface texture is composed of three elements-roughness, waviness and form Error. The proposed method analyzes surface texture in two ways-Subjective analysis and Objective analysis. Subjective analysis makes use of histogram and texture spectrum whereas objective analysis uses Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) based standard texture descriptors. Different milled surfaces having different textures are prepared by varying the machining parameters. The proposed method is non-contact in nature and high measuring speeds are possible. The method provides a complete texture description for a given surface.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Roughness class measuring system'

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