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Journal articles on the topic 'Routage efficace'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

B. Patil, Shailesh, and Milind B. Patil. "To Compare the Efficacy of Pre-Operative Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy Versus Routine Post-Operative Antibiotics in Routine Gynecological Surgeries." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 3 (2018): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.6318.19.

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Canullán, Carlos M., Enrique J. Petracchi, Nicolás Baglietto, Hugo I. Zandalazini, Bernabé M. Quesada, Pablo Merchán del Hierro, and Carlos Ocampo. "Abordaje laparoscópico sistemático de la coledocolitiasis." Revista Argentina de Cirugía 113, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25132/raac.v113.n1.1501.ei.

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Background: The prevalence of common bile duct stones associated with cholelithiasis increases with age and is about 15 % in the 8th decade of life but its management is still controversial. Some surgeons prefer the single-stage approach with laparoscopy while others suggest the two-stage management with preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of feasibility of single-stage laparoscopic surgery in patients with cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective study with prospectively collected data between July 2008 and July 2018. Results: Of 2447 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed during the study period, 416 presented common bile duct stones. The global success of the transcystic approach to clear common bile duct stones was 81.2%, 70.4% in the cases with preoperative diagnosis of choledocholithiasis and 92.9% for other diagnoses. The rate of complications was 4% without deaths or bile duct injuries. Conclusion: Single-stage laparoscopic surgery is an efficient and safe approach based on the high global success of transcystic exploration. The preoperative diagnosis of choledocholithiasis reduces the efficacy of the procedure due to greater indication of choledocotomy, with complications and longer length of hospital stay.

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Akin, B. V., F. A. Hubbell, E. B. Frye, L. Rucker, and R. Friis. "Efficacy of the Routine Admission Urinalysis." Journal of Urology 138, no. 6 (December 1987): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)43684-6.

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AKIN, B. V., F. A. HUBBELL, E. B. FRYE, L. RUCKER, and R. FRIIS. "Efficacy of the Routine Admission Urinalysis." Survey of Anesthesiology 31, no. 6 (December 1987): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-198712000-00033.

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Akin, Barbara V., F. Allan Hubbell, Elizabeth B. Frye, Lloyd Rucker, and Robert Friis. "Efficacy of the routine admission urinalysis." American Journal of Medicine 82, no. 4 (April 1987): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(87)90006-4.

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6

Braunstein, H. "Efficacy of the routine admission urinalysis." American Journal of Medicine 83, no. 2 (August 1987): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(87)90733-9.

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7

Battelino, Tadej. "Continuous Glucose Monitoring Efficacy in Routine Use." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 103, no. 6 (March 30, 2018): 2414–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-00275.

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Tait, Alan R., Harry G. Parr, and Kevin K. Tremper. "Evaluation of the efficacy of routine preoperative electrocardiograms." Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 11, no. 6 (October 1997): 752–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-0770(97)90170-1.

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Berber, Mark J., and Neil Mcfeely. "Efficacy of Routine Admission Urinalyses in Psychiatric Hospitals." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 36, no. 3 (April 1991): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379103600307.

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10

Chung, R. S., J. J. Diaz, and V. Chari. "Efficacy of routine laparoscopy for the acute abdomen." Surgical Endoscopy 12, no. 3 (March 1998): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900638.

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11

Friedman, Richard J. "New Oral Anticoagulants for Thromboprophylaxis after Elective Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty." Thrombosis 2010 (July 29, 2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/280731.

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Anticoagulant drugs reduce the risk of venous thromboembolic events after total hip and knee arthroplasty. However, the use of current drugs, such as low molecular weight heparins, is hampered by their subcutaneous route of administration. The use of vitamin K antagonists is hampered by the requirement for routine coagulation monitoring and dose titration to provide effective anticoagulation without an increased risk of bleeding and numerous food and drug interactions. Clearly, there is a need for new oral, fixed-dose anticoagulant drugs that do not require coagulation monitoring, while demonstrating similar or better efficacy and safety profiles when compared with current agents.

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12

Sakert, Tamara, William Gil, Ian Rosenberg, Deborah Carpellotti, Kathy Boss, Tim Williams, Joseph Ferneding, and Ignacio Christlieb. "Cell saver efficacy for routine coronary artery bypass surgery." Perfusion 11, no. 1 (January 1996): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919601100110.

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A retrospective study was conducted to determine the effect of intraoperative Haemonetics Cell Saver® (HCS) usage on postoperative homologous blood product requirements in CABG patients. From 1 January to 31 December 1993, 516 patients without renal disease or postoperative surgical or gastrointestinal haemorrhage had elective, first-time CABG surgery. The HCS was utilized in 435 of these patients (Group CS) and in 81 patients the HCS was excluded (Group NCS). Preoperative patient variables were similar in the group. We evaluated the HCS effect on blood product transfusion by comparing x units of red blood cells (RBC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelets (PLTS) transfused per patient between groups CS and NCS. There were no differences in the x units of RBC (1.9 ± 2.7 CS vs 1.8 ± 1.5 NCS) or in the RBC transfusion rate (48% CS vs 50% NCS). There were also no significant differences between the groups in x units of FFP (0.9 ± 0.8 CS vs 0.4 ± 0.9 NCS) or PLTS (0.7 ± 3.1 CS vs 0.4 ± 2.5 NCS), or in the percentage of patients receiving these products (12% CS vs 8% NCS). These data provide no evidence that the use of the HCS decreases the amount of homologous blood bank products required postoperatively in patients having routine first-time CABG surgery. The current era of aggressive blood conservation may have limited the role of the HCS in routine CABG surgery.

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Jarde, O., and E. Boccard. "Parenteral versus Oral Route Increases Paracetamol Efficacy." Clinical Drug Investigation 14, no. 6 (December 1997): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00044011-199714060-00005.

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14

McVay, Catherine S., Marisela Velásquez, and Joe A. Fralick. "Phage Therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in a Mouse Burn Wound Model." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 6 (June 2007): 1934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01028-06.

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ABSTRACT Mice compromised by a burn wound injury and subjected to a fatal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa were administered a single dose of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage cocktail consisting of three different P. aeruginosa phages by three different routes: the intramuscular (i.m.), subcutaneous (s.c.), or intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. The results of these studies indicated that a single dose of the P. aeruginosa phage cocktail could significantly decrease the mortality of thermally injured, P. aeruginosa-infected mice (from 6% survival without treatment to 22 to 87% survival with treatment) and that the route of administration was particularly important to the efficacy of the treatment, with the i.p. route providing the most significant (87%) protection. The pharmacokinetics of phage delivery to the blood, spleen, and liver suggested that the phages administered by the i.p. route were delivered at a higher dose, were delivered earlier, and were delivered for a more sustained period of time than the phages administered by the i.m. or s.c. route, which may explain the differences in the efficacies of these three different routes of administration.

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Yosefi, Zahra, Mohammad Afshar, Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz, and Zohre Sadat. "The Effect of Training Based on James Brown Model on Self-efficacy in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus." Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery 31, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.31.2.2048.

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Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most frequent chronic diseases among children and adolescents. Educational strategies underscore patient’s roles in the management of diseases and enhance self-efficacy behaviors. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an educational intervention based on James Brown’s model on self-efficacy in adolescents with T1DM. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 70 participants were selected and assigned to the control and intervention groups by random block. The two groups received routine care for T1DM. The intervention group was also provided with educational sessions, 60 minutes twice a week for 4 weeks, based on the educational model. The participants completed the diabetes management self-efficacy instrument at the beginning, at the end, and a month after the end of the study. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square, Independent samples t-test, Covariance (ANCOVA), and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The mean±SD age of the intervention and control groups was 14.81±2.05 and 15.18±2.11 years, respectively. Before the intervention, the two groups were not different statistically in terms of demographic variables (age, sex, duration of diabetes, insulin intake, etc.) and self-efficacy. The results showed that immediately after the intervention and also in the follow-up stage, the mean scores of self-efficacies and its subscales (nutrition, blood glucose monitoring, physical activity, and medical treatment) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The mean scores of self-efficacies at the beginning, at the end, and a month after the end of the study were 27.97±5.08, 41.46±4.41, and 44.55±4.38, respectively. In the control group, however, these differences were not significant. Conclusion: The education based on James Brown’s model can improve self-efficacy among adolescents with T1DM. It is recommended that nurses use this method to increase self-efficacy in adolescents with T1DM.

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16

Zhu, Dongming, Zhen Zhang, Jie Zhang, Duoyun Chen, Yuzhou Shan, Bin Xie, Pengran Liu, and Lianqi Yan. "The efficacy of 3D printing-assisted surgery in treating distal radius fractures: systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 9, no. 13 (September 2020): 919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0099.

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Aim: To compare the efficacy of 3D printing-assisted surgery with routine surgery in the treatment of distal radius fractures to evaluate whether 3D printing technology has more advantages. Materials & methods: To retrieve all published studies that compared the efficacy of 3D printing-assisted surgery with routine surgery for distal radius fractures. Operation time, frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy, blood loss and other outcomes were assessed. Results: The results suggested that 3D printing-assisted surgery was better than routine surgery in the fields of operation time, frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy, and blood loss. Conclusion: In the treatment of distal radius fractures, 3D printing-assisted surgery may be superior to routine surgery.

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17

Barkham, Michael, Chris Leach, David A. Shapiro, Gillian E. Hardy, Mike Lucock, and Anne Rees. "Rewiring efficacy studies to increase their relevance to routine practice." Mental Health and Learning Disabilities Research and Practice 2, no. 1 (April 2005): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5920/mhldrp.2005.2111.

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Romantsova, Tat'yana Ivanovna. "Sibutramine: efficacy and safety of prescribing in routine clinical practice." Obesity and metabolism 12, no. 3 (November 11, 2015): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2015318-24.

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The 17th European Congress of endocrinology was held in Dublin in May 2015. Within the section «Obesity» the preliminary results of the observational program "PRIMAVERA" in the form of an oral report were presented. This article presents a brief review of the literature, reflecting the issues of mechanism of action, efficacy and safety of sibutramine and also includes an extended version of the main provisions of the report.

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19

Kracunova, K., P. Turcani, F. Cibulcik, and J. Benetin. "2.215 Efficacy and tolerability of rasagiline in routine clinical practice." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 13 (January 2007): S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-8020(08)70626-6.

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20

Ellis, Martin H., Noa Lavi, Elena Mishchenko, Najib Dally, David Lavie, Anna Courevitch, Odit Gutwein, et al. "Ruxolitinib treatment for myelofibrosis: Efficacy and tolerability in routine practice." Leukemia Research 39, no. 11 (November 2015): 1154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2015.08.003.

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21

Jang, Young Jun, Ho Chang Kim, and Eok Soo Suh. "The Efficacy of Preoperative Routine Otorhinolaryngologic Referral Before Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 53, no. 10 (2012): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2012.53.10.1392.

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22

Beer, K. J., A. V. Lombardi, T. H. Mallory, and B. K. Vaughn. "The efficacy of suction drains after routine total joint arthroplasty." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 73, no. 4 (April 1991): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199173040-00015.

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23

Dust, W. "The efficacy of suction drains after routine total joint arthroplasty." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 74, no. 4 (April 1992): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199274040-00020.

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24

Matveev, V. B., and A. S. Markova. "Efficacy and safety of radium-223 in routine clinical practice." Cancer Urology 16, no. 4 (February 10, 2021): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9776-2020-16-4-129-135.

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25

Bashkin, Amir, Eliran Yaakobi, Marina Nodelman, and Ohad Ronen. "Is routine measurement of TSH in hospitalized patients necessary?" Endocrine Connections 7, no. 4 (April 2018): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-18-0004.

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TSH routine testing in hospitalized patients has low efficacy, but may be beneficial in a selected subgroup of patients. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of routine thyroid function tests among patients admitted to internal medicine departments. It is a retrospective study. A randomly selected cohort of hospitalized patients with abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) blood tests drawn as part of admission protocol. Patient data were collected from the electronic medical files and analyzed for its efficacy. TSH as a screening test was proven unnecessary in 75% (174) of the study population. Leading causes were non-thyroidal illness syndrome, drugs affecting the test results and subclinical disorders. TSH testing was found to be clinically helpful in only 9 patients; however, all of them had other clinical need for TSH testing. We found a clinically abnormal TSH in 20 patients, hypothyroidism in 11 patients and thyrotoxicosis in 9 patients. Low efficacy ascribed to TSH screening test by this study correlates with recent recommendations that indicate TSH screening in admitted patients only with accompanying clinical suspicion. Most probably, the majority of patients found by screening to have thyrotoxicosis have non-thyroidal illness or drug effects so the threshold for FT4 to diagnose overt thyrotoxicosis should be higher than that in ambulatory patients. In elderly patients, clinically relevant TSH disturbances are more frequent and are harder to diagnose, therefore, TSH screening in this group of patients might be beneficial.

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26

Foretz, Marc, and Benoit Viollet. "Metformin takes a new route to clinical efficacy." Nature Reviews Endocrinology 11, no. 7 (June 2, 2015): 390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2015.85.

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27

Ajitha, B. "Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Green Route, Antimicrobial Efficacy." International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14741/ijcet/spl.2.2014.56.

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Gogi, Vinay Kumar, Chandrakala Bada Shekharappa, and Sumithra Selvam. "EFFECT OF ROUTINE LACTATION CONSULTANT SUPPORT TO MOTHERS ON BREASTFEEDING EFFICACY." Indian Journal of Child Health 05, no. 08 (January 25, 2018): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32677/ijch.2018.v05.i08.003.

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Khauli, R. B. "Efficacy of extravesical ureteral reimplant and routine stenting in renal transplantation." Transplantation Proceedings 35, no. 7 (November 2003): 2664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2003.09.081.

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SMITH, C., M. HEEREN, J. NICKLIN, L. PERRIN, R. LAND, A. CRANDON, and A. OBERMAIR. "Efficacy of routine follow-up in patients with recurrent uterine cancer." Gynecologic Oncology 107, no. 1 (October 2007): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.06.002.

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Ruediger, Carlee, Leanne Nguyen, Rachel Black, Susanna Proudman, and Catherine Hill. "Efficacy of methotrexate in polymyalgia rheumatica in routine rheumatology clinical care." Internal Medicine Journal 50, no. 9 (September 2020): 1067–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.14779.

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HALL, JESSE B., STEVEN R. WHITE, and THEODORE KARRISON. "Efficacy of daily routine chest radiographs in intubated, mechanically ventilated patients." Critical Care Medicine 19, no. 5 (May 1991): 689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199105000-00015.

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Ely, K., J. Stafflinger, and A. Goldberg. "Efficacy of the Routine Postoperative Visit in Benign Gynecologic Ambulatory Procedures." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 23, no. 7 (November 2016): S169—S170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.589.

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Kamasová, M., J. Václavík, E. Kociánová, P. Gaja, and M. Táborský. "THE EFFICACY OF FIXED TRIPLE COMBINATION THERAPY IN ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE." Journal of Hypertension 36, Supplement 1 (June 2018): e52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000539106.81032.95.

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Craig, Vicki, Harun Fakioglu, and Charles Dadzie. "EFFICACY OF ROUTINE DAILY CHEST RADIOGRAPHS IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PEDIATRIC PATIENTS." Critical Care Medicine 26, Supplement (January 1998): 96A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199801001-00262.

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Wolf-Klein, Gisele P., Timmothy Holt, Felix A. Silverstone, Conn J. Foley, and Murry Spatz. "Efficacy of Routine Annual Studies in the Care of Elderly Patients." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 33, no. 5 (May 1985): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1985.tb07131.x.

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Weiss, William J., Susan M. Mikels, Peter J. Petersen, Nilda V. Jacobus, Panayota Bitha, Yang-I. Lin, and Raymond T. Testa. "In Vivo Activities of Peptidic Prodrugs of Novel Aminomethyl Tetrahydrofuranyl-1β-Methylcarbapenems." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.3.460.

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ABSTRACT A series of novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl (THF)-1β-methylcarbapenems which have excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activities exhibit modest efficacies against acute lethal infections (3.8 mg/kg of body weight against Escherichia coli and 0.9 mg/kg against Staphylococcus aureus) in mice when they are administered orally. In an effort to improve the efficacies of orally administered drugs through enhanced absorption by making use of a peptide-mediated transport system, several different amino acids were added at the aminomethyl THF side chains of the carbapenem molecules. The resulting peptidic prodrugs withl-amino acids demonstrated improved efficacy after oral administration, while the d forms were less active than the parent molecules. After oral administration increased (3 to 10 times) efficacy was exhibited with the alanine-, valine-, isoleucine-, and phenylalanine-substituted prodrugs against acute lethal infections in mice. Median effective doses (ED50s) of <1 mg/kg against infections caused by S. aureus, E. coli,Enterobacter cloacae, or penicillin-susceptibleStreptococcus pneumoniae were obtained after the administration of single oral doses. Several of the peptidic prodrugs were efficacious against Morganella morganii,Serratia marcescens, penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae, and E. coli infections, with ED50s of 1 to 14 mg/kg by oral administration compared with ED50s of 14 to >32 mg/kg for the parent molecules. In general, the parent molecules demonstrated greater efficacy than the prodrugs against these same infections when the drugs were administered by the subcutaneous route. The parent molecule was detectable in the sera of mice after oral administration of the peptidic prodrugs.

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JONES, CALVIN E., and GERALD K. WALTERS. "Efficacy of the Supraclavicular Route for Temporary Hemodialysis Access." Southern Medical Journal 85, no. 7 (July 1992): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199207000-00013.

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Winston, Ken R. "Efficacy of dural tenting sutures." Neurosurgical Focus 6, no. 6 (June 1999): E2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.1999.6.6.2.

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Object The goal of this study was to assess the necessity for the prophylactic use of dural tenting sutures. Methods Data that had been prospectively collected from 369 consecutive cranial operations in adults were analyzed. In this series of patients, dural tenting sutures were used on a judicious "as needed" basis. They were never used to satisfy a procedural routine or for use as a prophylaxis against epidural hemorrhage that was not apparent. The sutures were used for the control of epidural bleeding in 33 patients (8.9%); no tenting was required in 336 patients (91.1%). Reoperation for postoperative epidural hematoma was not required in this series. Conclusions Dural tenting sutures continue to have an important role in neurosurgery; however, there is no compelling evidence to support their traditional prophylactic use in every intracranial operation.

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Winston, Ken R. "Efficacy of dural tenting sutures." Journal of Neurosurgery 91, no. 2 (August 1999): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.91.2.0180.

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Object. The goal of this study was to assess the necessity for the prophylactic use of dural tenting sutures.Methods. Data that had been prospectively collected from 369 consecutive cranial operations in adults were analyzed. In this series of patients, dural tenting sutures were used on a judicious “as needed” basis. They were never used to satisfy a procedural routine or for use as a prophylaxis against epidural hemorrhage that was not apparent. Tenting sutures were used for the control of epidural bleeding in 33 patients (8.9%); no tenting was required in 336 patients (91.1%). Reoperation for postoperative epidural hematoma was not required in this series.Conclusions. Dural tenting sutures continue to have an important role in neurosurgery; however, there is no compelling evidence to support their traditional prophylactic use in every intracranial operation.

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Guo, Jianbo, Xingjiang Xiong, Yu Cao, Yukun Ding, and Qingyong He. "Safety and Clinical Efficacy of Yangxue Qingnao Granules in the Treatment of Chronic Cerebral Circulation Insufficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (August 14, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8484263.

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To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of Yangxue Qingnao (YXQN) granules in the treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI), electronic databases—PubMed, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and Wangfang—were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to January 2019. GRADE and RevMan 5.3.0 were used for grading and analysis, respectively. Fifteen trials involving 1211 CCCI patients were included. Subgroup analysis was performed owing to study heterogeneity. Compared to nimodipine plus routine treatment, YXQN granules plus routine treatment were more effective in increasing basilar artery (BA) blood flow velocity (mean difference (MD) = 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [2.31, 4.37], P<0.00001), vertebral artery (VA) blood flow velocity (MD = 0.52, 95% CI = [0.27, 0.76], P<0.0001), and internal carotid artery (ICA) blood flow velocity (MD = 7.46, 95% CI = [2.01, 12.90], P=0.007). In improving the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and insomnia, YXQN granules plus routine treatment were shown to be superior to the following control treatments: nimodipine plus routine treatment (mean difference (M-H) = 4.21, 95% CI = [2.49, 7.12], P<0.00001), flunarizine plus routine treatment (mean difference (M-H) = 3.92, 95% CI = [1.36, 11.29], P=0.01), troxerutin plus routine treatment (mean difference (M-H) = 4.79, 95% CI = [2.20, 10.42], P<0.00001), and routine treatment (mean difference (M-H) = 6.13, 95% CI = [1.48, 25.34], P=0.01). Risk of bias was assessed in 15 trials. One analysis was graded using GRADE and showed poor results. Adverse events were not reported explicitly in all but one trial. Thus, this meta-analysis suggests that YXQN granules may be beneficial for patients with CCCI. However, owing to the poor quality of the clinical trials and small sample sizes, a definite conclusion on the efficacy and safety of YXQN granules cannot be drawn from existing information.

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Yasuda, Sally Usdin, and Karen J. Tietze. "Nimodipine in the Treatment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage." DICP 23, no. 6 (June 1989): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002808902300602.

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Nimodipine, a calcium-channel antagonist with a relatively selective vasodilatory effect on cerebral blood vessels, has recently been approved for improvement of neurologic deficits due to spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nimodipine has low oral bioavailability (2.7–27.9 percent), a short half-life (2 h), is highly protein bound (98–99 percent), and is hepatically metabolized. Clinical studies have evaluated topical, intravenous, and oral administration of nimodipine for the treatment of cerebral artery spasm associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. These studies document some benefit of the drug in reducing the occurrence of severe neurologic deficit, although this effect is not universal. Few adverse effects have been noted. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic characteristics, the appropriate dose and route of administration, adverse effects, drug interactions, and the therapeutic efficacy of nimodipine before routine use can be recommended.

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Polacino, Patricia, Virginia Stallard, David C. Montefiori, Charles R. Brown, Barbra A. Richardson, William R. Morton, Raoul E. Benveniste, and Shiu-Lok Hu. "Protection of Macaques against Intrarectal Infection by a Combination Immunization Regimen with Recombinant Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmne gp160 Vaccines." Journal of Virology 73, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 3134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.4.3134-3146.1999.

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ABSTRACT We previously reported that immunization with recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmne envelope (gp160) vaccines protected macaques against intravenous challenge by the cloned homologous virus E11S but that this protection was only partially effective against the uncloned virus, SIVmne. In the present study, we examine the protective efficacy of this immunization regimen against infection by a mucosal route. We found that the same gp160-based vaccines were highly effective against intrarectal infection not only with the E11S clone but also with the uncloned SIVmne. Protection against mucosal infection is therefore achievable by parenteral immunization with recombinant envelope vaccines. Protection appears to correlate with high levels of SIV-specific antibodies and, in animals protected against the uncloned virus, the presence of serum-neutralizing activities. To understand the basis for the differential efficacies against the uncloned virus by the intravenous versus the intrarectal routes, we examined viral sequences recovered from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of animals early after infection by both routes. We previously showed that the majority (85%) of the uncloned SIVmne challenge stock contained V1 sequences homologous to the molecular clone from which the vaccines were made (E11S type), with the remainder (15%) containing multiple conserved changes (the variant types). In contrast to intravenously infected animals, from which either E11S-type or the variant type V1 sequences could be recovered in significant proportions, animals infected intrarectally had predominantly E11S-type sequences. Preferential transmission or amplification of the E11S-type viruses may therefore account in part for the enhanced efficacy of the recombinant gp160 vaccines against the uncloned virus challenge by the intrarectal route compared with the intravenous route.

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Siregar, Rinco, Sunantha Stongpat, and Boontuan Wattanakul. "INCREASING SELF-EFFICACY TO REGULATE EXERCISE IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS." Belitung Nursing Journal 4, no. 6 (November 7, 2018): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.586.

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Background: Self-efficacy has been described as dominan factor associated with physical exercise in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but to improve self-efficacy to regulate exercise of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a challenge for health workers.Objective: This study was to determine the effect of exercise consultation program on self - efficacy to regulate exercise adults’ patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: A quasi-experimental study with two comparison groups was purposively designed for pre-test and post-test procedures. Sixty-one patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were allocated into the experimental group (31 patients) and the control group (29 patients). While the experimental group received the exercise consultation for 12 weeks and routine care, the control group received routine care only. Comparative assessments on differences in self-efficacy to regulate exercise were examined both within and between groups using paired or unpaired t-test.Results: After receiving exercise consultation program, self-efficacy to regulate exercise significantly increased within the experimental group (p < .05), but there was no significant change with in the control group. Between groups, there was a significant difference self-efficacy to regulate exercise in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (p < .05).Conclusion: The exercise consultation program could increase self-efficacy to promote the physical exercise among adults patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Harrison, L. D., J. Zhang-Salomons, M. Mates, C. M. Booth, W. D. King, and W. J. Mackillop. "Comparing effectiveness with efficacy: outcomes of palliative chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer in routine practice." Current Oncology 22, no. 3 (March 18, 2015): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/co.22.2419.

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Introduction Randomized controlled trials (rcts) are the “gold standard” for establishing treatment efficacy; however, efficacy does not automatically translate to a comparable level of effectiveness in routine practice. Our objectives were todescribe outcomes of palliative platinum-doublet chemotherapy (ppdc) in non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc) in routine practice, in terms of survival and well-being; andcompare the effectiveness of ppdc in routine practice with its efficacy in rcts.Methods Electronic treatment records were linked to the Ontario Cancer Registry to identify patients who underwent ppdc for nsclc at Ontario’s regional cancer centres between April 2008 and December 2011. At each visit to the cancer centre, a patient’s symptoms are recorded using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (esas). Score on the esas “well-being” item was used here as a proxy for quality of life (qol). Survival in the cohort was compared with survival in rcts, adjusting for differences in case mix. Changes in the esas score were measured 2 months after treatment start. The proportion of patients having improved or stable well-being was compared with the proportion having improved or stable qol in relevant rcts.Results We identified 906 patients with pre-ppdc esas records. Median survival was 31 weeks compared with 28–48 weeks in rcts. After accounting for deaths and cases lost to follow-up, we estimated that, at 2 months, 62% of the cohort had improved or stable well-being compared with 55%–63% who had improved or stable qol in rcts.Conclusions The effectiveness of ppdc for nsclc in routine practice in Ontario is consistent with its efficacy in rcts, both in terms of survival and improvement in well-being.

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Choi, Young Rak. "Efficacy of cap-assisted endoscopy for routine examining the ampulla of Vater." World Journal of Gastroenterology 19, no. 13 (2013): 2037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i13.2037.

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Češková, Eva. "Some issues of antidepressant efficacy and tolerability relevant for routine clinical practice." Psychiatrie pro praxi 17, no. 2 (June 10, 2016): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/psy.2016.013.

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Shin, Chung-Shik, Jin-Hong Kim, Kyung-Jin Song, and Byung-Wan Choi. "Efficacy of Dynamic Radiographs in Routine Evaluations for Degenerative Cervical Spine Disease." Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery 27, no. 4 (2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.4184/jkss.2020.27.4.125.

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Savina, N. M. Savina. "New Evidence of Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban in Routine Clinical Practice." Kardiologiia 2_2016 (February 27, 2016): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/cardio.2016.2.57-62.

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Bosseckert, H., P. Sander, and W. Braun. "Tolerability and Efficacy of Intravenous Administration of Pantoprazole in Routine Clinical Practice." Clinical Drug Investigation 19, no. 2 (February 2000): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00044011-200019020-00003.

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