Dissertations / Theses: 'Route 2030'

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Cunha, Roberto da. "Avaliação dos aspectos tributários do Inovar-Auto: programa de incentivos à indústria automotiva." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19445.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar os aspectos tributários do Programa de Incentivo à Inovação Tecnológica e Adensamento da Cadeia Produtiva – INOVAR-AUTO, sob o ponto de vista das empresas destinatárias dos incentivos, em especial, as fabricantes de veículos. O INOVAR-AUTO foi instituído em 2012 no âmbito do Plano Brasil Maior, conjunto de iniciativas de política industrial do governo brasileiro. Tem como metas o estímulo à inovação, o fortalecimento da cadeia de fornecedores e o aumento de eficiência energética e dos padrões de segurança dos veículos comercializados no país. Suas regras têm validade de 2013 a 2017 e seu mecanismo é a concessão de créditos e isenções tributárias aos fabricantes e importadores de veículos, que em contrapartida têm que assumir compromissos de execução no país de atividades fabris, patamares mínimos de dispêndios com pesquisa, desenvolvimento, engenharia e tecnologia, participação em programa de etiquetagem veicular e atingir metas de melhoria nos padrões de consumo e emissões dos veículos. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o presente estudo é um trabalho exploratório sobre práticas jurídicas, que se utiliza primordialmente de fontes primárias. Examina as regras do INOVAR-AUTO para identificar as atividades necessárias para o cumprimento de seus requisitos e os principais riscos e obstáculos para as empresas participantes. A partir deste exame, o estudo trata em maior detalhe de dois temas: primeiro, a complexidade de operação do sistema desenvolvido pelo governo, em conjunto com o setor automotivo, para apuração do conteúdo nacional nos insumos, fator gerador dos créditos. Segundo, a formatação das metas de eficiência energética, os desafios para atingi-las e os riscos por eventual fracasso. O trabalho avalia as opções disponíveis para as empresas do setor, para concluir pela inviabilidade de não adesão ao INOVAR-AUTO. Também faz um balanço dos benefícios e problemas para as empresas, bem como descreve as bases da nova proposta de política para o setor, denominada Rota 2030 e que substituirá o INOVAR-AUTO a partir de 2018. São discutidos os fatores que podem influenciar o novo regime, tais como os resultados de solução de controvérsia na OMC e as novas tendências tecnológicas para veículos. A pesquisa busca antecipar possíveis impactos da Rota 2030 para as empresas automotivas.
The purpose of this work is to evaluate tax aspects of the Program of Incentives to the Technological Innovation and Enhancement of the Production Chain – INOVAR-AUTO from the point of view of the companies contemplated with such incentives, in special the vehicle manufacturers. INOVAR-AUTO was enacted in 2012 as part of a wider range of industrial policies named Greater Brazil Plan (‘Plano Brasil Maior’) implemented by the Brazilian government. This regime has as objectives to incentive innovation, to strenghten the supply chain and to increase the energy efficiency and safety standards of the vehicles marketed in the country. The incentives are valid from 2013 through 2017 and its mechanism is the grant of tax exemptions and credits to the manufacturers and importers of vehicles, which in exchange have to commit themselves to perform certain manufacturing actitivies in the country, to reach minimum thresholds of spending in research, development, engineering and technology, to adhere to a vehicle labeling program and to achieve improvements on the patterns of consumption and emissions of the vehicles. The methodology of this study is the exploratory work of legal practices, using mainly primary sources. The examination of the INOVA-AUTO rules leads to the identification of the activities necessary for the fulfillment of the program requirements and the main risks and obstacles for the participating companies. From this analysis, the research treats two matters in further detail: first, the complexity to operate the system developed to estimate the national content in the components and raw materials, from where the credits are generated. Second, the design of the energy efficiency targets, the challenges to meet them and the risks of a possible failure. The work evaluates the options available to the automotive companies and concludes for the unfeasibility of not adhering to INOVAR-AUTO. There is also a balance of benefits and burdens to the automotive companies, as well as a description of the drivers of a new policy proposed for the sector, named Route 2030 (‘Rota 2030’), which will replace INOVAR-AUTO from 2018 on. The text assess the factors that may influence the new rules, as the results of the dispute resolution panel at the WTO and the new technological trends for vehicles. This research seeks to anticipate possible impacts of Route 2030 to the automotive companies.

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Bunnell, Timothy Gwyn. "On Route 2020 : Malaysia, modernity and the multimedia super corridor." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297541.

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Wallace, II James Howard. "A Comparison of 2009--2010 Curriculum Test Scores of Students Taught by Alternate Route and Traditional Route Teachers." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/931.

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There is an increase in the popularity of alternative certification programs; however, some administrators are still reluctant to hire these graduates to teach within their schools. With the shortage of certified teachers in Mississippi, some school districts have no choice but to hire alternatively certified teachers. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if students taught by teachers trained in alternative teaching programs had significantly different changes in language arts scores on the Mississippi Curriculum Test 2 nd edition, as compared to fellow students who were taught by teachers trained in traditional teaching programs. Scores from the 2008--2009 Mississippi Curriculum Test 2nd edition were used for base line data. Scores from the 2009--2010 Mississippi Curriculum Test 2 nd edition were used to determine what degree of growth had taken place. The results were analyzed by using the educational software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to conduct independent t tests. Data are presented using descriptive statistics. Results of the t tests confirmed that students taught by both types of teachers had some degree of success. Seventh grade students who were taught by traditional route teachers showed the greatest amount of growth difference. With the continuing debate over teaching certification programs, studies such as this can help create social change by providing statistical evidence of the effectiveness shown by teachers certified through both programs. School officials can use these results to help in making hiring decisions of potential teacher candidates. The end result is to provide students with the best possible teacher regardless of certification type.

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Li, Zhonghao, and Andreas Taubert. "Cellulose/gold nanocrystal hybrids via an ionic liquid/aqueous precipitation route." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4504/.

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Injection of a mixture of HAuCl4 and cellulose dissolved in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [Bmim]Cl into aqueous NaBH4 leads to colloidal gold nanoparticle/cellulose hybrid precipitates. This process is a model example for a very simple and generic approach towards (noble) metal/cellulose hybrids, which could find applications in sensing, sterile filtration, or as biomaterials.

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Boishardy, Vincent. "Utilisation de revêtements économiques pour les routes locales et les routes d'accès aux ressources." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38113.

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Les revêtements économiques représentent des solutions avantageuses, principalement au niveau fonctionnel, pour les routes locales et les routes d’accès aux ressources. Cependant, il existe peu d’outils pour quantifier leurs effets afin d’appuyer les décisions techniques des gestionnaires. L'objectif du projet est de déterminer qualitativement et quantitativement l'avantage socio-économique de la pose d'un revêtement économique sur une chaussée non revêtue. Les chaussées en question sont les routes à faibles volumes, qui représentent plus des trois quarts du réseau routier canadien. Trois types de revêtements économiques sont étudiés : traitement de surface, enrobé coulé à chaux et microrevêtement. L’augmentation de la rigidité octroyée par l’imperméabilisation de la fondation ainsi que la cohésion de surface est déterminée à la suite de cette étude. La rigidité des fondations est mesurée grâce à des essais in situ réalisés avec le pénétromètre dynamique sous différentes conditions hydriques. Ainsi un allongement relatif de durée de vie est quantifié grâce à une modélisation des déformations par éléments finis avec le logiciel Géostudio couplée avec une méthode de prédiction analyste empirique d’endommagement. Une analyse de ces résultats permet de conclure que la mise en place d’un enrobé économique à base d’émulsion bitumineuse, de 20 millimètres d’épaisseur, permet la diminution de la teneur en eau dans la fondation d’au moins 30% et permet l’augmentation de la durée de vie de la chaussée de 58 % à 75 % selon le type de charge. Une comparaison des coûts de cycle de vie est alors réalisée entre une chaussée revêtue de traitement de surface(couche de granulats enrobéesd’émulsion bitumineuse) et une chaussée non revêtue en utilisant des scénarios d’entretien réalistes et cohérents avec le contexte québécois. En prenant en compte les coûts de construction, d’entretien et d’utilisation de ces chaussées : il est démontré que la mise en œuvre d’un revêtementse traduit par un gain financier. Ce gain dépend de beaucoup de paramètres qui sont détaillés. Dans ce contexted’une vaste province comme le Québec où les ressources sont éloignées, la course au développement impose des techniques efficaces et économiquement viablespour augmenter la mobilité des ressources humaines et matérielles. Cette étude montre que certains revêtements minces permettent d’assurer une rigidité structurelle aux chaussées, allongeant ainsi leur durée de vie tout en diminuant les coûts qui leur sont associés.
Economic pavements represent advantageous solutions, especially at the functional level, for local roads and access roads to resources. However, there are few tools to quantify their effects in order to support the technical decisions of managers.The project’s objective is to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the socio-economic advantages of laying an economic pavement on an unpaved roadway. Roads in question are low-volume roads, which represent more than three quarters of Canada’s road network. Three types of economic coatings are studied: chip seal, hot mix asphalt and microsurfacing. The increase of the rigidity granted by the waterproofing of the foundation as well as the surface cohesion is determined as a result of this study. The rigidity of the foundations is measured by in situ tests carried out with the dynamic cone penetrometer under different water conditions. Thus, a relative elongation of a lifetime is quantified by finite element deformation modelling with GeoStudio software coupled with an empirical prediction analyst of damage method. An analysis of these results makes it possible to conclude that the implementation of a bitumen emulsion based economic coating, 20 millimetres thick, allows the reduction of the water content in the foundation by at least 30% and increases the service life of the road from 58% to 75% depending on the type of load. A comparison of life-cycle costs is thus made between a pavement with a chip seal (layer of aggregates coated with bituminous emulsion) and an unpaved surface using realistic maintenance scenarios that are consistent with the Quebec context. Considering the construction’s costs, maintenance and use of these pavements: it is demonstrated that the implementation of a coating results in a financial gain. This gain depends on many parameters that are detailed. In this context of a large Quebec province where resources are far away, the race for development imposes effective and economically viable techniques to increase the mobility of human and material resources. This study shows that certainthin coatings make it possible to ensure structural stiffness of pavements, thus prolonging their service life while reducing the associated costs.

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Croyet, Jérôme Chassagne Serge. "Sous le bonnet rouge." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/croyet_j_notice.

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Remtulla, N. "Feasibility of microfluidic routes to monitor protein stability as a tool for bioprocessing." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/20306/.

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During the bioprocessing of therapeutics, proteins may become damaged leading to modifications and changes in stability. This may, as a consequence, cause serious and potentially fatal side effects when administered to patients making damage assessment crucial. High throughput determination of protein stability has become an important factor in many different areas such as protein engineering, formulation and manufacturing. Microfluidics, defined as micro-scale fluid flow systems, can be used to create high throughput methods to monitor these effects, while reducing reagent consumption without compromising sensitivity. Protein denaturation can be measured in many ways however, fluorescence spectroscopy is thought to be the most adaptable to use with microfluidics. In this thesis the feasibility of using microfluidics to detect protein denaturation using this fluorescence method of analysis adapted from a microplate format assay is examined. Protein unfolding transitions were monitored by detecting tryptophan fluorescence at 340nm upon excitation at 266nm. A laser-excited detection system was optimised to detect minimum concentrations of protein, in both the native and denatured states. The range and limitations of this system were assessed and compared to that of the established microplate reader method. The minimum protein concentration detectable in microfluidics was higher than that of the microplate reader, with a reduction in volume leading to a reduction in reagent consumption (105 molecules) while increasing throughput by 50%. Three representative proteins were assessed in an array of process relevant conditions. The 3D protein response surfaces obtained were characterized by global fitting to provide parameters for assessment of protein stability and assist in the determination of processing conditions.

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Hunter, Nicole Marie. "High-Valent Perfluoronickelacycles: Intermediates for “Green” Routes to Fluorocarbons and Their Derivatives." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20030.

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Fluorocarbons (FCs) and their derivatives (FCDs) are heavily relied on due to their wide range of uses (e.g. solvents, surfactants, refrigerants, and pharmaceuticals). Currently, FCs and FCDs are produced on an industrial scale via energy-intensive processes, using hazardous materials. Hence, new catalytic chemical technologies are required to provide cleaner and greener synthetic routes to partially fluorinated materials. The exploration of fundamental organofluorometallic chemistry of base metals, such as nickel, has potential to advance the development of novel catalytic processes towards this end. It has been established previously that zero-valent nickel complexes have the ability to efficiently catalyze the hydrodimerization of polyfluoroalkenes. The reactivity of the intermediate polyfluoronickelacycles was found to be influenced by modifications in the ligand sphere. Furthermore, an increase in oxidation state of the central metal atom was proposed as an additional strategy to increase the reactivity of the M-RF bond. In this thesis, through variation of the ligand environment and oxidation state of nickel, we have further developed the chemistry of high-valent polyfluoronickelacycles. Synthesis and characterization (NMR, EPR, UV/Vis, IR spectroscopy and electrochemistry) of new trivalent polyfluoronickelacycles are described as well as attempts to generate the corresponding tetravalent cations. Attempts to induce nucleophilic insertion of acetonitrile into the Ni-RF bond were also investigated herein. Challenges were encountered with the isolation of the tetravalent cations due to decomposition to the corresponding divalent nickelacycle.

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Bresse, Marie-Pier. "L'expérience de la relocalisation résidentielle involontaire : le cas du réaménagement de la route 175 à Stoneham." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27020/27020.pdf.

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Bosworth, Andrew. "The march of cities : the evolution of a world-city system from 3000 BC - 2000 AD /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10762.

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Piot, Julien. "Sur la route de l’îlot de stabilité superlourd : spectroscopie prompte des noyaux 246Fm et 256Rf." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/PIOT_Julien_2010.pdf.

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La région des noyaux transfermium (Z = 100 à 104) est la dernière région de la charte nucléaire accessible en spectroscopie. Elle donne ainsi les ultimes points d'ancrage pour les modèles. Elle se situe en outre sur les chaînes de décroissance a des noyaux superlourds. Cette région se situe à la limite des capacité de mesures spectroscopiques actuelles. Elle demande donc des développements technologiques pour passer ces limites. Ma thèse porte sur différents aspects de la spectroscopie des noyaux de la région transfermium. J'ai participé au développement des cartes d'acquisition numériques TNT2D pour détecteurs germanium. J'ai validé leur utilisation sur le spectromètre gamma JUROGAM et quantifié le gain apporté par rapport à un système d'acquisition analogique. Ces tests entraient dans la préparation de l'expérience visant l'étude spectroscopique prompte du noyau 256Rf. Cela m'a également amené à travailler au développement d'un faisceau de 5ari isotopique. Dans cette optique, j'ai étudié et testé l'utilisation de composés organométalliques du titane compatible avec la technique MIVOC. J'ai en parallèle étudié l'utilisation de pastilles de titane métallique ou de dioxyde de titane au moyen d'un four à induction nouvellement développé à l'Université de Jyvaskylà Ces développements nous permettront prochainement d'effectuer l'étude en spectroscopie prompte du 256Rf. En parallèle à ces développement, j'ai eu la chance d'étudier en spectroscopie prompte le noyau 246Fm à l'Université de Jyvaskyla. Les mesures ont permis de mettre en évidence la bande rotationnelle basée sur le niveau fondamental du 246Fm. Cette bande a été observée jusqu'au niveau 16+ et présente un comportement assez similaire aux isotopes pair-pairs voisins hormis le haut de la bande pour lequel une statistique plus forte serait nécessaire pour conclure
The region of transfermium nuclei (Z = 100 to 104) is the last region of the nuclides chart to be accessible to spectroscopie measurements. It therefore provides the ultimate anchor points for nuclear models. This region also lies on the path of the alpha-decay chains of the super- heavy elements. This region represents the limit of today's spectroscopie capabilities. It therefore requires technological developments in order to overcome these limits. My thesis focuses on various aspects of the spectroscopy of transfermium nuclei. 1 took part in the development of the TNT2D digital acquisition cards for germanium detectors. 1 validated their use on the gamma-ray spectrometer JUROGAM during an in-beam experiment and demonstrated the gain compared to an analogue acquisition system. These tests were part of the developments needed to secure a study of the prompt spectroscopy of 2s6Rf. The preparation of this experiment also lead me to work on the development of a sOTi beam. For that purpose, 1 studied and tested the use of titanium organo-metallic compounds compatible with the MIVOC technique. In parallel , 1 studied the use of metallic and oxyde titanium pellets with an inductive oven newly developed at the University of Jyvaskyla. Ln addition to the se developments, 1 had the opportunity to study the in- beam prompt spectroscopy of 246Fm at the University of Jyvaskyla. The measurements yielded a rotational band built on the ground state of 246Fm. This band has been observed up to the level 16+ and shows a behaviour quite similar to the neighbouring even - even isotopes, except for the top of the band for which a wider statistics is necessary in order to conclude

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Gauthier, Roger-François. "« Malgoverno » éducatif et questions curriculaires en France : fil rouge sur travaux (1985-2010)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20001/document.

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Thèse sur travaux, l’ensemble est constitué d’un tome de « fil rouge » de 119 pages et de quatre tomes de travaux, reproduisant successivement (A) des livres, livres collectifs, articles et contributions à un ouvrage collectif, (B) des rapports d’inspection générale dont l’auteur a été le pilote ou le copilote, (C) des articles de revues, (D) des conférences et communications et (E) des interviews publiées. La première partie s’explique sur les circonstances qui ont présidé au cours de la carrière d’un haut-fonctionnaire de l’administration de l’éducation nationale à la production régulière de travaux et sur la constitution progressive d’un corpus tirant sa première cohérence de ses objets. Elle répond aussi à la question des motivations, superficielles ou profondes de la demande de légitimation universitaire de ces travaux dans le cadre d’une thèse de doctorat, de même qu’elle s’interroge sur ce qui peut étayer cette légitimation, en termes de construction d’objet, de raisonnements et de résultats.La deuxième partie reprend des travaux antérieurs ce qui traite de la façon dont le système éducatif français est gouverné, à partir des deux sous-titres « Un ministère de l’ignorance ? » et « Le désordre des pouvoirs éducatifs » : il est montré en quoi la sacralisation de la notion de système éducatif, le discours factice sur l’évaluation, la fermeture hexagonale de l’essentiel du débat sur l’éducation, ainsi que le peu d’intérêt institutionnel vis-à-vis des connaissances sur l’école concourent à renforcer un Etat éducateur central aussi monopoliste qu’impuissant.La troisième partie est plus spécifiquement consacrée à un aspect souvent négligé du système éducatif, à savoir les politiques curriculaires : l’auteur montre non seulement que le concept même de curriculum n’est pas utilisé, mais aussi que le désordre qui caractérise depuis longtemps la « fabrique des contenus » d’enseignement en France fait paradoxalement système avec une indifférence aux apprentissages des élèves qui n’est qu’un aspect du caractère sélectif des traditions éducatives françaises. Il analyse enfin dans quelle mesure le « socle commun de compétences en fin de scolarité obligatoire » inaugure une première « politique curriculaire » dans le cadre de ce pays
This thesis, consisting mainly in submitting a corpus of previous works, is made of one “guiding light” volume (119 pages) and four volumes that reproduce (A) books, collective books, articles and contributions to collective works, (B) official reports of “inspection générale” of which the author was main or associated pilot, (C) articles from reviews, (D) lectures and communications, and (E) published interviews.The first part explains from which circumstances a senior civil servant of the Department of Education regularly produced such works since 1985 and how these works step by step got their first consistency. It also tells from which motivations, be they superficial or deeper, the academic legitimization of these works is aimed for in the framework of a PhD. It also questions the grounds of this academic legitimacy, from the ways the objects were built, the kinds of reasoning that are used and the produced results themselves. The second part starts from what in the previous works dealt with the way the French Educational system is ruled, with two subtitles “A Department of ignorance?” and “Disorder in Educational authorities” : it is shown to what extent the notion of “educational system”, made sacred as it is, together with fallacious political positions about evaluation, with the frequent ignorance of international issues in most educational decisions, and with a weak official interest towards knowledge about education, reinforces the central State, as far as Education is concerned, as an actor paradoxically monopolistic, ignorant and powerless.The third part is more specifically dedicated to one aspect of the educational system that is often ignored and taboo, namely curricular policies: the author does not only show that the concept of curriculum itself is not used, but that the disorder that has for long characterized the way the curricula are produced in France, makes up a system together with a disinterest towards what students actually learn, this disinterest being itself part of the selection-oriented French educational tradition. Eventually, it analyses to which extent the introduction of the “common core of competencies to be reached at the end of compulsory education” (“socle commun”) opens the way for the first curricular policy in this country

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Nan, Hammade Vasilica. "Caractérisation et valorisation des déchets et sous-produits industriels dans le domaine du génie civil et en technique routière." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-9.pdf.

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Ce travail s'inscrit dans la problematique generale de l'evaluation environnementale des dechets solidifies/stabilises utilises dans les materiaux de travaux publics, par substitution partielle ou totale de certains agregats. Il est consacre a l'etude des mecanismes de liberation des polluants a partir d'un dechet, avant et apres solidification, soumis a l'alteration meteorique, ainsi qu'a l'evaluation de la propagation des relargats. Le choix du dechet s'est porte sur des scories de premiere fusion de plomb et de zinc, et leurs solidification a ete assuree par ajout de liants hydrauliques. Apres une etude preliminaire, realisee sur plusieurs dechets et sous-produits industriels provenant de la region nord-pas de calais, un dechet representatif a ete selectionne et l'etude s'est poursuivie par une phase de caracterisation du dechet choisi, qui a permis d'acquerir un maximum de donnees, tant sur le plan chimique que sur le comportement du dechet brut et du dechet solidifie, avant et apres traitement. Le comportement a la lixiviation de polluants des dechets et dechets solidifies a base de ciment a ete etudie en relation avec differents contextes. Un calcul de speciation a ete aussi realise visant a determiner sous quelles especes aqueuses majeures les elements pb et zn etaient mobilisees. Un site experimental a ete mis en place, afin d'evaluer le comportement environnemental de ces scories solidifiees. Le scenario choisi est un scenario fictif qui correspond a une percolation d'eau a travers des dechets granulaires riches en metaux places en depot. L'utilisation des scories dans les sables-ciments n'est pas envisageable dans un type de structure, ou le contact materiau / pluie est favorise et ou aucune couche impermeabilisante n'est disposee (au contraire d'une structure routiere standard).

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Bonton, Alexandre. "Étude spatiotemporelle de la qualité de l'eau souterraine sur l'aire d'alimentation d'un captage municipal en milieu agricole." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27049/27049.pdf.

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L’élaboration de stratégies efficaces de protection des captages d’eau souterraine adaptées à un milieu rural nécessite une bonne compréhension des liens entre la qualité de l’eau captée et les activités agricoles menées à proximité de ces captages. Il est toutefois difficile d’évaluer l’impact de modifications de pratiques agricoles ou les résultats de la gestion du territoire sur l’aire d’alimentation d’un captage municipal. Afin d’apporter des éléments de réponse face à ce constat, une investigation a été réalisée sur l’aire d’alimentation d’un captage municipal d’eau potable en territoire agricole au Québec (Pont-Rouge), faisant appel à des mesures de terrain et des simulations numériques. L’étude a porté principalement sur les ions nitrates et les bactéries indicatrices de contamination fécale, principaux indicateurs de pollution de l’eau souterraine en zone agricole. Une série de 38 piézomètres ont été installés sur l’aire d’alimentation dans le but de mesurer des paramètres physico-chimiques et bactériologiques de la qualité de l’eau. Parallèlement à ce suivi de terrain, un modèle déterministe d’écoulement de l’eau souterraine et de transport des nitrates en aquifère granulaire à nappe libre a été élaboré dans le but d’évaluer l’applicabilité du modèle pour la prédiction des teneurs en nitrates au captage municipal. Le calage du modèle comprend une analyse de sensibilité des principaux paramètres et variables du modèle, une étape d’ajustement à des résultats de terrain pour une période déterminée, ainsi qu’une validation du modèle. Suite au calage du modèle, la simulation de divers scénarios a permis de prévoir les effets de changements des pratiques agricoles et de mieux comprendre les teneurs en nitrates mesurées par le passé au captage de la ville. Les résultats d’analyses physico-chimiques démontrent l’impact significatif des activités agricoles sur la qualité de l’eau souterraine, particulièrement les teneurs en nitrates. Les résultats d’analyses microbiologiques montrent pour leur part la forte variabilité des mesures de bactéries indicatrices de contamination fécale au sein de l’aquifère étudié. Enfin, les résultats de modélisation numérique et des scénarios suggèrent que le modèle est adapté pour la simulation des teneurs en nitrates au captage municipal, et qu’une meilleure gestion des pratiques agricoles peut améliorer significativement la qualité de l’eau au captage.
A sound scientific basis for decision-making about land management and groundwater protection includes a proper understanding of the relationships between agricultural activities and the quality of pumped water at a municipal well. There is a need to assess both nitrate and bacterial contamination in a capture area, and to ensure that regulations through protection areas are adapted to prevent risks to consumer health. For this purpose, field monitoring and numerical simulations were performed on the actual case of a municipal well in an agricultural area in the province of Québec (Canada). A number of 38 piezometers were installed within the capture area in order to monitor physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters in groundwater. At the same time, a three-dimensional Water flow and Nitrate transport Global Model (WNGM) in unconfined aquifer was developed in order to simulate nitrate concentrations in the aquifer and in the municipal well, in relation with agricultural practice. Model calibration was performed using water level and nitrate concentration measured in the aquifer. The simulations of several scenarios provided a better understanding of past trends of nitrate concentrations in the municipal well, as well as predictions of nitrate concentrations in the municipal well assuming different land management practices within the capture area. The results of physico-chemical monitoring demonstrate the impact of agricultural activities on groundwater quality, particularly on nitrate levels. The results of bacteriological monitoring show a significant variability of bacteria content in groundwater. Finally, the results of the numerical simulation demonstrate that modelling is able to provide valid and useful prediction of nitrate levels in the municipal well, and that better agricultural practice can improve significantly groundwater quality at the well.

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Poulin, Philippe. "Étude de la performance de chaussées non revêtues traitées par abat-poussière en contexte nordique canadien." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27071/27071.pdf.

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Les démarches entreprises pour ce travail s’inscrivent dans un vaste programme de recherche visant à l’élaboration d’un guide complet sur la conception, la construction et l’entretien de routes non revêtues en contexte climatique nordique canadien. La poussière qui s’échappe des chemins et routes locales non revêtus par temps sec est une source importante de particules fines dans l’air qui a de nombreuses répercussions environnementales et socio-économiques. En effet, ces particules sont la cause de pollution atmosphérique, elles réduisent la visibilité des conducteurs en plus d’avoir une incidence néfaste sur la santé des usagers. Une grande variété de produits abat-poussière servant à contrôler ce phénomène est actuellement offert sur le marché. Ce travail de recherche porte sur la performance de chaussées non revêtues traitées par abat-poussière dans le contexte climatique nordique canadien. Il inclut notamment une partie expérimentale de terrain qui se déroule sur deux routes forestières du Québec. La nature des produits à l’essai est très diversifiée de même que les critères d’évaluation de performance des chaussées qui couvrent la poussière générée, l’état de la surface de roulement et les impacts environnementaux. Ces critères ont été évalués de façon qualitative et quantitative sur une période de deux ans. Le concept du cycle de vie est également abordé afin de développer un outil d’analyse basé sur les résultats de terrain. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que la famille des produits hygroscopiques est la mieux adaptée au contexte climatique nordique canadien. Le choix final du produit devrait être fait selon les contraintes économiques et environnementales du site d’application. L’analyse du cycle de vie d’une route non revêtue a permis de déterminer que l’utilisation d’un produit abat-poussière et stabilisant réduit les frais d’exploitation ainsi que les émissions polluantes générées.
Conclusions obtained from this research project will be supplemented to a guide which will consider all the relevant parameters in the establishment of design, construction and maintenance guidelines on unpaved roads in northern locations. Dust generation from unpaved roads is a great source of airborne particles which can have environmental as well as economic impacts. These particles are a driving hazard to motorists using the road and are also the cause of many health problems. In addition to atmospheric pollution, the generation of dust also leads to loss of aggregate and road surface deterioration. A wide range of dust suppressants are commercially available to help control this problem. This research project covers the performance of unpaved roads treated with dust suppressant in a northern context. Field testing was conducted on two different forest roads in Québec over a two-year period. Several dust suppressants were evaluated through different criteria of performance including dust abatement, road condition and environmental impacts. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in order to evaluate those performance criterias. The concept of life-cycle assessment was also studied in order to develop an analysis tool for the design and maintenance of unpaved roads. Study results show hygroscopic products will offer a better performance in the Northern Canada context. The selection of the appropriate salt or brine should be made according to the economic and environmental limitations of the location. The life-cycle analysis of an unpaved road allowed us to establish that the use of a dust suppressant or a soil stabilizer will help reducing the costs of operation and the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere.

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Verville, Jean-François. "Paléoenvironnements et fluctuations du niveau marin relatif holocènes dans le bassin versant de la rivière Cap-Rouge, Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27555/27555.pdf.

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Carrez, Stéphanie. "L’œuvre au rouge : alchimie de la création dans la fiction de Nathaniel Hawthorne." Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA3005.pdf.

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Voir ses caractères d’imprimerie en plomb se transformer en or sur la page du livre, tel est le rêve exprimé par le narrateur dans la préface de The Scarlet Letter, l’œuvre la plus emblématique de Nathaniel Hawthorne. Ce détail constitue le point de départ d’un travail visant à démontrer que la référence à l’alchimie n’est pas simplement anecdotique, mais représente au contraire un motif essentiel dans un très grand nombre de textes de Nathaniel Hawthorne. Ce motif se déploie d’abord à partir de sources variées dont l’influence est indéniable et dont Nathaniel Hawthorne propose une synthèse idiosyncrasique. L’étude des personnages se rattachant à cette thématique permet de montrer comment le motif rayonne à partir d’un centre pour baigner finalement l’ensemble du corpus dans une lumière alchimique, dépassant largement les limites thématiques qui lui sont habituellement attribuées. Ce travail pose la thèse selon laquelle l’importance de ce motif dans les œuvres fictionnelles de Nathaniel Hawthorne a pour corollaire la relation qui se tisse entre alchimie et création artistique, voire littéraire, à travers les liens qui unissent personnages d’alchimistes, d’artistes et de narrateurs. La référence à l’alchimie sert de support à l’expression métaphorique du mystère de la création artistique et le symbole lui-même devient alchimique dans des textes pourtant profondément marqués par l’héritage de l’herméneutique puritaine, entraînant alors la mise en œuvre de modalités de lecture elles aussi alchimiques
The narrator mentions in the introductory text of The Scarlet Letter that he dreams of seeing the lead characters of his fiction turn to gold on the page. This reference to alchemy in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writings is not merely anecdotal and should on the contrary be considered as a major motif in many of his writings. The alchemical theme in Hawthorne’s works is shaped by references to various sources but also by a personal synthesis of these influences. The study of the numerous characters related to alchemy in his works demonstrates that an alchemical light radiates from a critically identified centre but illuminates the entire fiction and extends largely beyond the thematic limits within which it is usually kept. This study aims at demonstrating that the pervasiveness of the alchemical motif and its many intersections with the theme of artistic creation point to the metaphorical expression of the alchemical mystery of literary creation. The Hawthornian symbol itself becomes alchemical; though the Puritan hermeneutic method remains a major inheritance, it thereby entails an alchemical form of reading

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Galametz, Audrey. "The environments of AGN out to z = 2." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/GALAMETZ_Audrey_2010.pdf.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à l'identification et l'étude des amas de galaxies à grand redshift. Nous concentrons notre analyse sur l'environnement à grande échelle de radiogalaxies lumineuses et à l'étude des galaxies de la séquence rouge et des noyaux actifs de galaxies détectés dans leur voisinage. Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit étend d'une part les études des amas de galaxies à z<1. 5 sélectionnés dans le visible et les rayons X et d'autre part celles des proto-amas détectés dans le voisinage des radiogalaxies à z>2 grâce aux surdensités d'émetteurs Lyαou de galaxies à discontinuité de Lyman. Cette thèse a permisd'explorer sous de nouveaux angles, la recherche des amas à grand redshift: (i) l'étude du chaînon manquant entre z=1. 4 et z=2 i. E. , entre les proto-amas et amas connus à ce jour (ii) la sélection des galaxies les plus massives, membres d'un amas (i. E. , les galaxies rouges de type primitif) grâce à des critères de couleur adaptés (iii) l'utilisation d'observations grand champ nécessaires à l'étude sur une plus large échelle de structures de galaxies associées aux radiogalaxies (iv) l'étude de la diversité des environnements de radiogalaxies grâce à l'analyse de plusieurs champs (v) l'étude plus spécifique de la population des noyaux actifs de galaxies dans les amas de galaxies et de son évolution en fonction du redshift. De telles études ont été rendues possible grâce à la mise en place de nouveaux instruments comme WIRCam au CFHT et HAWK-I au VLT qui permettent d'étendre l'étude des amas de galaxies à plus grand redshift et sur une plus large échelle. Nous avons étudié les champs de cinq radiogalaxies à 1. 41. 4). Ces critères nous ont permis desélectionner à la fois les galaxies rouges de type primitif et les galaxies plus bleues formant des étoiles. La distribution spatiale des galaxies rouges n'est pas homogène et présente souvent une structure filamentaire qui contient la radiogalaxie. Deux champs, 7C~1756+6520 (z=1. 42) et MRC~0156-252 (z=2. 02) sont surdenses en galaxies rouges, d'un factor 2-4 comparé à des champs de référence. Le premier champ présente une grande concentration de galaxies rouges autour de la radiogalaxie ainsi que plusieurs autres groupes alignés formant une structure filamentaire étendue sur plusieurs Mpc. Le deuxième champ présente un système plus compact de galaxies rouges et bleues concentrées à moins de 1Mpc de la radiogalaxie. Une campagne de spectroscopie a permis de confirmer que notre structure associée à 7C~1756+6520 est en effet un amas de galaxies. 20 galaxies ontété trouvées à un redshift consistent avec celui de la radiogalaxie. Nous avons ainsi montré que, bien que toutes les radiogalaxies ne se situent pas dans des champs surdenses - au moins en ce qui concerne les galaxies rouges -elles ont été toutefois un outil efficace pour la recherche d'amas de galaxies à grand redshift avec la découverte du deuxième amas le plus distant à ce jour à z=1. 42 et la mise en évidence d'un possible amas de galaxies à z~2
This thesis aims to identify and characterise the most distant galaxy clusters by targeting red sequence galaxies and active galactic nuclei in the wide area environment of distant radio galaxies. This study complements both the lower redshift cluster searches which have identified clusters out to z=1. 45 using optical and X-ray selections and the work on protoclusters around z>2 radio galaxies using the Lyα emitters and Lyman break techniques. The new aspects of the work presented in this thesis are: (i) the study of the missing link between clusters and protoclusters known to date bythe investigation of the less studied redshift range 1. 41. 4) to select both red passively evolved and blue star-forming galaxy cluster candidates. The spatial distribution of the red galaxies is clearly non homogeneous and often present a filamentary structure containing the radio galaxies. We found that two of our studied fields, 7C~1756+6520 at z=1. 42 and MRC~0156-252 at z=2. 02, show overdensities of a factor of 2-4 in red sources compared to control fields. The first field shows a high concentration of red galaxies around the radio galaxy and several other aligned clumps forming a large scale filamentary structure of several Mpc. The second field demonstrates a more compact system of both blue and red galaxies concentrated within 1Mpc of the radio galaxy. A spectroscopy campaign confirmed that our suspected structure around 7C~1756-6520 isindeed a galaxy cluster with 20 galaxies found with redshifts consistent with the radio galaxy. We therefore conclude that although not all radio galaxies are found in overdense regions - at least as far as the red population is concerned - they are however a very efficient tool to search for high redshift galaxy clusters with the discovery in this thesis of the second most distant galaxy cluster to date at z=1. 42 and a galaxy cluster candidate at z~2

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Doron, Adrien. "Routes tunisiennes de l’échange marchand : géographie post-révolution d’un réseau de marchés mondialisés." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20039/document.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse à la fabrique des routes marchandes mondialisées en Tunisie, à partir de l’étude des approvisionnements des marchés du commerce dit « parallèle », installés aux débouchés de routes transnationales d’échange de biens banals. Elle explore d’abord le postulat d’une organisation réticulaire et labile de l’économie marchande transnationale en Tunisie. Ce réseau articule des places marchandes, notamment celles situées au centre de Tunis et à Ben Gardane, qui forment des nœuds d’échange nés de processus locaux et territorialisés. Partir de ces lieux permet de mettre en évidence les trajectoires professionnelles des commerçants, modestes à l’origine, et de démontrer comment ces derniers sont parvenus à développer leurs relations d’affaires. La thèse met ainsi à jour un réseau de marchés qui structure l’importation transnationale dans le pays, via ses ports et ses régions frontalières. La thèse examine ensuite les effets de la révolution tunisienne sur ce réseau de marchés, en particulier au niveau des dispositifs de contournement des barrières douanières que les flux de marchandises empruntent. Le changement politique survenu en 2011 agit comme un révélateur des implications du régime de l’ancien président Ben Ali dans une économie marchande pourtant présentée comme « parallèle ». Plus encore, sous l’effet de l’effondrement du régime, les relations marchandes, les activités, et les itinéraires empruntés se recomposent, montrant ainsi que le « commerce parallèle » est devenu un enjeu de gouvernance dans la Tunisie en transition. Enfin, la thèse entreprend une réflexion sur l’analyse formelle de ces réseaux. L’enjeu est alors de poser les jalons d’une géographie des réseaux sociaux et spatiaux, à travers la prise en compte des relations sociales des acteurs dans la structuration des relations commerciales, et l’identification et l’analyse de réseaux de marchés
This thesis focuses on the making of globalized trade routes in Tunisia, based on the study of the supply of marketplaces that are specialized in the so-called “parallel trade”. These marketplaces are located at the end of transnational trade routes which import everyday consumer products in the country. First, it proceeds on the basis that transnational trade economy in Tunisia is organized as a labile network. This network articulates marketplaces, including those located in Central Tunis and in Ben Gardane, two trading hubs that have emerged from local and territorialized processes. Starting from these places makes it possible to highlight the professional trajectories of their tradesmen, and to demonstrate how the latter have developed their business relationships. The thesis thus reveals a network of marketplaces that shapes transnational import into the country, through Tunisian ports and border regions. The thesis then examines the effects of the Tunisian Revolution on this markets network, more closely at the level of customs barrier bypass devices used by the flow of goods. The political change in 2011 thus reveals the participation of former President Ben Ali’s regime in trade economy, yet presented as informal economy. Moreover, with the regime’s collapse, trade relationships, commercial activities and trade routes have been reshaped, thereby pointing out that "parallel trade" has become a governance issue in Tunisia during the period of democratic transition. Finally, the thesis considers the formal analysis of these networks. It thus aims to lay the foundations for a geography of social and spatial networks by taking into account, on the one hand, the actors’ social relationships and their role into the organization of commercial relations, and on the other hand, the identification and analysis of marketplaces networks

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Croyet, Jérôme. "Sous le bonnet rouge : politisation, idéologie et sociologie des militants révolutionnaires de l'Ain : 1788-1800." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/croyet_j_notice.

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"Sous le bonnet rouge" est une étude sociologique des militants révolutionnaires issus des sociétés populaires et des comités de surveillance de l'Ain, sur la période 1788-1815, qui répond à plusieurs questions ; comment devient-on militant de la Révolution dans l'Ain ? L'espace géographique spécifique de l'Ain est-il un facteur ? Quelles sont leurs idées politiques, sociales et culturelles ? Quels sont les moyens utilisés pour parvenir à mettre en oeuvre leurs idées politiques ? Qui sont les militants révolutionnaires de l'Ain ? Axée autour de trois parties et d'un répertoire biographique, la thèse aborde dans un premier temps un contexte historique particulier au département de l'Ain, qui permet de resituer les hommes dans les événements politiques qui touchent le département durant cette période. Ensuite, nous abordons l'idéologie politique, sociale et culturelle des militants révolutionnaires de l'Ain et les moyens mis en oeuvre pour exercer cette idéologie. Enfin, ces recadrages permettent d'aborder l'étude sociologique et anthropologique des militants révolutionnaires de l'Ain : combien sont-ils ?, qui sont-ils ?, d'où viennent-ils ?, quel est leur mode de vie ?, quelle est leur profession ?, leur parcours révolutionnaire et leur parcours directorial et impérial ? Cette étude est la première du genre concernant le département de l'Ain, département frontière, noeud de communication, souvent dans l'ombre de la ville de Lyon ou perdu dans les grandes entités géographiques
"Sous le bonnet rouge", in a sociologique studie on departement de l'Ain citizens who took part at the french revolution in their former departement during the 1788-1815 period. This word tempt to answer to many questions nevers asked for this departement : how do men become revolutionnary partisans? Does the Ain geography have an influence on this adhesion? What are their politics, socials and culturals ideas? Who are these revolutionnary militants? This studie is axed around three parts and a biographie dictionnary. The first part tempt to understand the particular context of the french revolution in Ain. The second one try to understand the ideas of the revolutionnary militants of Ain and the third one is the social studie of these militants on Ain. This studie is the first one of this kind in that departement

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Elessawy, Mohamed [Verfasser]. "Hysterectomy, a comparative study of the different Hysterectomy Routes 2002-2010: a retrospective analysis for 954 patients / Mohamed Elessawy." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045603937/34.

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Auberval, Nathalie. "Prévention du stress oxydant dans le diabète et ses complications par des antioxydants d’origine naturelle." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/AUBERVAL_Nathalie_2010.pdf.

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Le stress oxydant, point commun entre le diabète, l'hypertension ou l'obésité, correspond à un déséquilibre entre les défenses antioxydantes endogènes (enzymes, vitamines. . . ) et la production de molécules pro-oxydantes (espèces réactives de l'oxygène, notamment) au profit de celles-ci. Les patients diabétiques présentent une diminution de leur capacité oxydante. En effet, les cellules β du pancréas sont vulnérables au stress oxydant mais peuvent être protégées par un apport exogène alimentaire d'antioxydants. Ceux-ci peuvent améliorer la glycémie; et la consommation modérée de vin rouge (polyphénols) réduit la mortalité liée aux maladies cardiovasculaires. Le but de ce travail a été de développer des outils de screening et d'analyses d'antioxydants d'origine naturelle et de les tester sur un modèle de rat intolérant au glucose. Deux composés aux effets protecteurs sur le stress induit sur des cellules β de rat (RINm5F) ont été retenus : les extraits de polyphénols de vin rouge Corbières (PP) et l'épigallocatéchine gallate (EGCG) du thé vert. Sur des rats rendus diabétiques par une nourriture hypercalorique et présentant un stress oxydant, ces composés et l'exercice physique ont montré des effets bénéfiques : l'EGCG réduit les marqueurs du stress oxydant alors que l'exercice et les PP diminuent la stéatose. Les trois diminuent l'hyperinsulinisme mais seul l'EGCG améliore la glycémie. La combinaison des trois traitements pourrait améliorer les différents paramètres étudiés. Ainsi des mesures hygiéno-diététiques combinées à une supplémentation antioxydante constitueraient des moyens prophylactiques efficaces pour lutter contre le stress oxydant dans le diabète de type 2
Oxidative stress, common point between endogenous antioxidative defences (enzymes, vitamins. . . ) and free radicals especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) in favour of these. Diabetic patients present a lack in antioxidative capacity. Pancreatic β-cells are very susceptible to oxidative stress but they can be protected by exogenous antioxidative molecules from diet. These antioxidants improve glycaemia and a moderate consumption of red wine, which contains antioxidative polyphenols, is associated to a reduction of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress and diabetes are strongly involved and the aim of my thesis was to develop some screening and analysing tools for natural antioxidative molecules and to test selected molecules on rat model of glucose intolerance. Thanks to these tools, two antioxidants with protective effect against oxidative stress on β-cells line (RINm5F) were selected: red wine polyphenols from Corbières (PP) and EGCG ( EpiGalloCatechin Gallate) from green tea. On rats become diabetic by high fat diet and presenting an oxidative stress, both antioxidants and exercise show benefic effects: EGCG reduces oxidative stress markers while exercise and PP decrease steatosis. All treatment seems to decrease hyperinsulinism while only EGCG improve glycemia. Combination of three treatments could improve more important different studied parameters. Thus, some dietary and lifestyle modifications associated to oxidative supply could be an effective prophylactic means to fight against oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes

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Askerfjord, Christer. "The American Film Musical Genre Today: A New Breed or Just More of the Same? : The Development of the American Film Musical 2000-2013." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för film och litteratur (IFL), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37484.

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Since the introduction of synchronized sound at the end of the 1920s the film musical has had a special place in American film. But even with that special place the interest in the film musical has varied a lot during the 20th century. From the high interest during the “Golden Age” in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, through low interest in the following decades and then renewed interest in musicals with the animated film musicals from Disney in the 1990s. But what has happened after the millennium? Has there been any development in the American film musical genre or is it just more of the same? This thesis tries to answer the question by analyzing three successful film musicals from the period 2001-2013, Moulin Rouge! (Baz Luhrmann, 2001), The Phantom of the Opera (Joel Schumacher, 2004), and Les Misérables (Tom Hooper, 2012) and comparing them to classical traditional musicals. According to this thesis there is a split answer, some areas of the classical American film musical have developed while other areas still remains the same.

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Forgues, Valérie. "Adèle encore une fois, roman ; : suivi de Relations fraternelles et quête identitaire dans trois romans québécois contemporains : L'enfant migrateur (Aude), Après la nuit rouge (Christiane Frenette), Les yeux bleus de Mistassini (Jacques Poulin)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26781/26781.pdf.

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Brechon, Franck. "Réseau routier et organisation de l'espace en Vivarais et sur ses marges au moyen-âge." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/brechon_f.

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L'étude du réseau routier médiéval vivarois au moyen-âge et les liens qu'il entretient avec le peuplement est au coeur de ce travail. Dans un premier temps, nous avons cartographié les principaux itinéraires routiers vivarois. Il s'avère qu'ils sont très largement orientés sur un axe est-ouest, tous reliant le sillon rhodanien au Massif central en traversant le Vivarais. .
This study is about the whale Middle Aged Vivarais roads and his links with populating. The mapping out of the Middle Aged itineraries highlights a main east-west direction from de Rhône valley to the Central Massif through the Vivarais. To explain this peculiarity we have studied the trade development between those two areas, concerning livestocks, wine, salt, wood and grain. .

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El, Gammal Blanche. "L'Orient-Express, configuration littéraire d'un mythe européen (1883-2000)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/235165.

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Cette étude aborde la manière dont l’Orient-Express a été décrit, perçu et imaginé, et s’efforce de mesurer l’écart entre les représentations communes et ce qui se dégage d’un corpus de textes très divers à travers trois grands axes de réflexion :les évocations des itinéraires de l’Orient- Express, les discours tenus sur le train et ses voyageurs, les thématisations et récupérations littéraires dont il a fait l’objet.L’idée directrice du propos est de montrer comment l’Orient-Express, rêve programmé par de très efficaces campagnes publicitaires et suscité par un imaginaire géographique, historique et littéraire puissant, n’a pu pleinement convaincre les voyageurs, mais aussi les écrivains et les lecteurs qui, semble-t-il, ne cessent de déplorer la disparition d’un train et d’un voyage qui n’ont peut-être jamais existé ou qui ne sont jamais vraiment ceux qu’ils imaginaient.
Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Brissonneau, Christophe. "Entrepreneurs de morale et carrières de déviants dans le dopage sportif : prises de position et témoignages vécus dans la médecine du sport et dans deux disciplines sportives, l'athlétisme et le cyclisme sur route (1960-2003)." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100077.

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A partir des travaux menés sur la déviance par Howard Becker, nous avons d'abord étudié ceux qui ont mis en place les normes de la déviance : les médecins du sport. Aidés par l'état français, ils investissent le sous-champ de la haute compétition, à partir du début des années 1960. Ils développent alors une attitude ambivalente en condamnant le dopage (apprécié différemment selon les différents segments du corps médical) et, en même temps, en développant des recherches qui contribuent à pousser les sportifs dans leurs derniers retranchements physiologiques. Ensuite, la mise en perspective de treize récits de vie de sportifs de haut niveau (en cyclisme sur route et athlétisme), actifs entre 1960 et 1997 avec l'évolution structurelle de ces deux sports nous aide à comprendre comment se développent des normes propres au monde "extraordinaire" du haut niveau sportif. Ce travail contribue à mettre en avant un conflit de normes entre deux mondes qui semblent s'éloigner de plus en plus.

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Aqili, Ahmed. "L'information télévisée et la géopolitique de l'Arabie saoudite : le cas particulier des informations diffusées par la chaîne publique Al Saudiya entre 1989 et 2000 concernant les pays du sud de la mer Rouge (Djibouti, l’Érythrée, la Somalie et le Yémen)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020080.

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L’objectif de cette recherche est de mettre en évidence la manière dont les médias d'information de l’Arabie saoudite participent au rayonnement du Royaume dans la région du Sud de la mer Rouge et dans le monde. L’efficacité politique, économique et culturelle du pays repose sur une combinaison intelligente, le smart power selon Joseph Nye, qui allie le hard power, la richesse économique due au pétrole et le soft power (la puissance douce), c’est-à-dire la richesse culturelle et l’influence dans les relations internationales. Dans ce sens, notre recherche a essayé d’identifier les dimensions de ce soft power dans le discours des médias publics en Arabie saoudite, en particulier dans celui de la première chaîne nationale saoudienne Al Saudiya (anciennement Aloula), en se concentrant sur l’analyse des informations diffusées pour couvrir les événements et les actions politiques, économiques, culturelles et humanitaires dans la région du sud de la mer Rouge. La complexité de notre recherche a nécessité de multiples approches. L’investigation empirique s’est appuyée sur des approches d’analyse récentes appliquées au domaine de l’information et de la communication, appelée analyse de contenu médiatique, qui a récemment fait l’objet de grands développements et a connu de nombreuses améliorations méthodologiques.Les résultats de cette thèse montrent que la première chaîne publique a intégré la religion dans son message médiatique, non seulement pour renforcer la position et la place de l’Arabie saoudite comme détenteur des lieux saints de l’islam, la Mecque et Médine, mais aussi pour représenter le monde arabo-musulman dans les relations internationales
The purpose of this research is to highlight how the Saudi Arabian news media are contributing to the Kingdom's outreach in the Southern Red Sea region and around the world. The political, economic and cultural efficiency of the country is based on a smart combination, Nye's smart power, which combines hard power, economic wealth due to oil and soft power, that is, to say cultural wealth and influence in international relations. In this sense, our research has tried to identify the dimensions of this soft power in the public media discourse in Saudi Arabia, especially in that of the first Saudi national channel Al Saudiya (formerly Aloula), focusing on the analysis information disseminated to cover political, economic, cultural and humanitarian events and actions in the Southern Red Sea region.The complexity of our research required multiple approaches. The empirical investigation has relied on recent analytical approaches applied to the field of information and communication, called media content analysis, which has recently undergone major developments and has undergone many methodological improvements. The results of this thesis show that the first public channel incorporated religion into its media message, not only to strengthen the position and place of Saudi Arabia as the holder of the holy places of Islam, Mecca and Medina, but also to represent the Arab-Muslim world in international relations

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Cléroux, Perrault Marie-Pier. "Analyse comparative de la mortalité et de la morbidité par accident de la route au Québec et en Ontario, 2000 à 2010." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20101.

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Biswas, Amitava. "Semantic Routed Network for Distributed Search Engines." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7942.

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Searching for textual information has become an important activity on the web. To satisfy the rising demand and user expectations, search systems should be fast, scalable and deliver relevant results. To decide which objects should be retrieved, search systems should compare holistic meanings of queries and text document objects, as perceived by humans. Existing techniques do not enable correct comparison of composite holistic meanings like: "evidences on role of DR2 gene in development of diabetes in Caucasian population", which is composed of multiple elementary meanings: "evidence", "DR2 gene", etc. Thus these techniques can not discern objects that have a common set of keywords but convey different meanings. Hence we need new methods to compare composite meanings for superior search quality. In distributed search engines, for scalability, speed and efficiency, index entries should be systematically distributed across multiple index-server nodes based on the meaning of the objects. Furthermore, queries should be selectively sent to those index nodes which have relevant entries. This requires an overlay Semantic Routed Network which will route messages, based on meaning. This network will consist of fast response networking appliances called semantic routers. These appliances need to: (a) carry out sophisticated meaning comparison computations at high speed; and (b) have the right kind of behavior to automatically organize an optimal index system. This dissertation presents the following artifacts that enable the above requirements: (1) An algebraic theory, a design of a data structure and related techniques to efficiently compare composite meanings. (2) Algorithms and accelerator architectures for high speed meaning comparisons inside semantic routers and index-server nodes. (3) An overlay network to deliver search queries to the index nodes based on meanings. (4) Algorithms to construct a self-organizing, distributed meaning based index system. The proposed techniques can compare composite meanings ~105 times faster than an equivalent software code and existing hardware designs. Whereas, the proposed index organization approach can lead to 33% savings in number of servers and power consumption in a model search engine having 700,000 servers. Therefore, using all these techniques, it is possible to design a Semantic Routed Network which has a potential to improve search results and response time, while saving resources.

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Chia-Hsin, Tsai, and 蔡佳欣. "Le Petit Chaperon rouge à Taïwan : adaptations et diffusion de 1945 à 2010." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65885634917837729617.

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碩士
國立中央大學
法國語文學系
100
Little Red Riding Hood, which is one of the most popular fairy tales in the market of children’s book, has been circulated for more than one century in Taiwan. The most widely-known editions are based on the Brothers Grimm’s version and the Charles Perrault’s version. During this century of circulation, Little Red Riding Hood could never avoid being labeled as a “Tonghua”.What’s the definition of this term in Taiwan? Is it the same as the western term “fairy tale” ? Dose this label influence the Taiwanese translationof Little Red Riding Hood ? This paper aims to explore the above questions in the following three research directions. In the first direction I explore the origin of circulation of “Tonghua” and explain its development in Taiwan.I also sum up the reasons behind its circulation in Taiwan as “Tonghua” and the possible political, social, and cultural impacts to the publication of Little Red Riding Hood. Second, I aim to examine the problem arose from different editions and how well the book Little Red Riding Hood are preserved. Due to the lack of systematic collection of children’s book in libraries, the researchers have a lot of difficulties to study the “translation of children’s books”. Therefore, in order to make up this deficiency, I collected the translation of Little Red Riding Hood in every different period and summarize this book in a detailed list. In the third part, I analyze the problem of translation with Little Red Riding Hood and the adaptation of local authors. I choose four editions of children’s book Little Red Riding Hood and discuss how the translators rewrite the fairy tale to meet readers’ expectation of “Tonghua”. In addition, some adaptations written by Taiwanese authors are introduced in the end.

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LIN, SHU-MEI, and 林書媺. "Cinéma de/en deuil : Route 132 et la représentation du deuil dans le cinéma québécois dans les années 2000." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76139807734431681060.

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碩士
國立中央大學
法國語文學系
101
In the 2000s, the theme of mourning began to proliferate in the Québécois cinema. The “mourning cinema” (as I term it) often begins with the death of a child or an adolescent, immersing the entire film in a mournful atmosphere. This thesis takes Route 132 (among other mourning films) as the point of departure, to examine the recurrent theme of mourning in the 2000s Québécois cinema. Apart from previous nationalist criticism that perceived tragedy and mourning as the symptom or allegory of national(ist) trauma, this thesis investigates the representation of mourning and its potentiality in the age of globalization. The first chapter traces the role of mourning throughout the history of Québécois cinema. The representation of mourning in the 2000s films, differing from the previous era, is characterized by two motifs – absurd death and home returning. After observing the mourning films that anchors home returning as the ritual of mourning, methodologically I draw on anthropologist Victor Turner’s notion of liminality as the point of departure. Before proceeding to the relationship between man and the land, the second chapter investigates the fleeing from city as the reaction to the absurd death in Route 132. It contours how the exclusive, rationalist oppression of death, absurdity, irrationality, etc. by modernity constitutes the absurd milieu in which the mourner is situated, thus driving him/her out of the city. The third chapter concentrates on the relations between journey, land and mourning, and analyzes how liminality is cinematographically embodied in move- ment and landscape. Although the journey in the mourning cinema passes through the commonsensical origin of the Québécois nation, the films, contrary to convention, are not indulgent in representing an idyllic pastoral image of the tradition life. On the contrary, they would move incessantly representing the destitute (or even dying) state of land in their representations of these places with cultural significance. They incarnate the immanent liminality en route, whereby the dichotomy between city and countryside, between the present and the past could be transcended. Here, besides the concept of liminality, I also draw on François Jullien’s theory of ressourcer, Daniel Sibony’s distinction between being (être) and having (avoir) to elucidate the relations between land, identity and mourning. If the absurd death shatters what one perceived and believed, then journey and land reconstruct, or even heal, the shattered identity, which is juxtaposed with the collective mourning for the land. As a media, cinema creates a liminal time and space at the interval between reality and fiction where the spectators could practice a collective mourning for the dying patrimonial land. In the age of globalization, the challenge posed by the homogenization of culture is confronted by filmic resourcing, through retrospection and integration. If the land is the bearer of time and history – especially when the land(scape) in the mourning cinema is often of great cultural and historical significance – then what chapter four examines is the relations between time and mourning. Identity, as Sibony claims, is a state of being instead of having. Yet to pass from the state of having to that of being requires a process of transmission. In this chapter, through analyzing the representation of the time of mourning, I investigate how this transmission takes place. Drawing on Sylviane Agacinski’s passagereté and Gilles Deleuze’s notion of time- space, the thesis argues that the time (of mourning), after being rid of the customary orientation and purpose, becomes a container that contains multiple time-layers. Here mourning is no longer a process of forsaking and forgetting as it is for Sigmund Freud, but rather a continuation of the bond with the deceased, a way to remember. This applies to individual mourning, yet the integration of collective mourning is also made possible through the reiteration of mourning. Finally, Agamben’s notion of “potentiality” is appropriated to interpret the opening, opaque ending in Route 132, whereby mourning remains in the potential, never realized in the Real, and thus remaining always in reintegration and change.

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Dekker, Joseph Dylan. "Human adenovirus serotype 5 vaccines : routes of delivery and formulations for successful immunization." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-08-1669.

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Delivery of medicinal products to specific targets can be aided by utilizing different routes of administration. Particular routes may be advantageous when delivering products designed for therapeutic drug delivery, gene therapy, or vaccination. Vaccine candidates must remain stable, be delivered to their proper compartments, and promote sufficient immune responses to their delivered antigens, properties that can be modulated by formulation, adjuvants, and alternate routes of administration. Recently, the nasal passageway has been recognized as a promising route, as mucosally delivered vaccines have the advantage of inducing protection at both mucosal surfaces, a common site of infection, and systemically. Human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is a candidate vaccine vector capable of being delivered through several routes and inducing strong immune responses to its delivered transgene. The studies presented include vaccination strategies following different routes of administration with various formulation components to determine the ability of Ad5 to deliver its transgene and induce immune responses. The first study screens formulation candidates’ effects on an Ad5-based vaccine’s transduction in vitro, cellular and humoral immune responses in vivo, and efficacy upon challenge in mice. Screening formulation candidates in vitro can eliminate ineffective formulations, thereby limiting animal testing. An Ad5-based Ebola virus vaccine delivered in a combination of mannitol, sucrose, and the surfactant, pluronic F68, improves survival against lethal Ebola challenge in a mouse model compared to delivery in PBS alone. The second study tests the effect of an intravenously delivered Ad5-based vaccine complexed with anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies on cellular and humoral immune responses. Different antibody ratios complexed to the Ad5 vector are able to induce disparate cellular and humoral responses. Ratios initiating a strong humoral response towards the Ad5 vector correlate with a reduction of the humoral response against the transgene and few transgene targeted effector T cells. Accordingly, ratios leading to minor humoral responses to the Ad5 vector resulted in stronger humoral responses to the transgene and a strong effector memory T cell response. Taken together, these studies provide insight on how to achieve necessary immune responses in vaccine protocols by testing routes of administration, formulations, and surface modifications of the Ad5 vector.
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Stott, Carolyn Anne. "Belleville rouge, Belleville noir, Belleville rose: réprésentations d’un quartier parisien depuis le Moyen Âge jusqu’à l’an 2000." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/50422.

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The suburb of Belleville is situated on the north-eastern outskirts of inner Paris. Its particular blend of social strata, race and architecture has made it a site of interest for historians, writers and artists since the Middle Ages. Thanks in part to the phenomenal success of Daniel Pennac’s six tome Malaussène series, published towards the end of the 20th century and situated in Belleville, the site has continued to enjoy a privileged status among the historical and cultural precincts of Paris. The representation of Belleville in the written and spoken word has a long history, part of which has been told, although in somewhat piecemeal fashion to date. Existing research may be divided into 3 categories, corresponding to the disciplines of history, sociology and literature. Historical studies are extensive and tend to support the suburb’s reputation as a site of revolution and social unrest. The sociological studies focus on immigration to the suburb and on the consequences of its physical transformation over the last half of the 20th century. The overall image presented by sociologists is one of a cosmopolitan suburb whose inhabitants manage to co-exist peacefully despite the multicultural mix; Belleville’s reputation as a melting pot success story sits at odds with that of its image as a centre of rebellion. Literature-based research conducted into the suburb is more sketchy; Belleville’s association with the noir genre and its inherent illicit elements also contrasts with the previous observations. If the existing studies present various pictures of historical and contemporary Belleville, they do not, however, give a comprehensive image of the suburb, nor do they provide an analysis of the role of Belleville in the noir genre, with particular reference to the Malaussène series. I have thus undertaken a multidisciplinary study of the suburb, with the objective of establishing links between the history, sociology and the literature of Belleville, of gaining an understanding of the function of Belleville as a setting for detective fiction and of offering a new explanation of the success of Pennac’s Malaussène series, by relating it to his representation of Belleville. The three focus areas of my research are its history from the Middle Ages until the end of the 20th century, its diverse representations in literature and popular culture, and its connection to a particular literary genre: the noir. The originality of my project lies in the method created to categorise existing research. Belleville rouge presents a view of the site as historically antiauthoritarian in its attempts to promote social justice. Belleville rose incorporates those studies which emphasise the suburb to varying degrees as a utopia, a model of social harmony or a centre of joyful festivities. Belleville noir focuses on the choice of the suburb as backdrop for the noir genre in literature and film; a hub of transgression and criminal activity, the antithesis of the positive space presented in the second category. The first part of my research project looks at the history of Belleville, the changing nature of its borders, which differ greatly from the administrative division according to author and historian, and the creation of a collective Belleville identity. Part two examines the representations of Belleville in literature and popular culture from the Middle Ages until the year 2000, and furthermore attempts to determine to what extent these cultural representations correspond to the suburb’s history. The third section deals with the role of Belleville in noir film and literature. If a single image corresponding to the décor of the neo-polar genre begins to emerge from the representations of Belleville by the film directors and various authors whose texts make up our corpus, this image differs greatly from the nostalgic one offered by Daniel Pennac; his representation of the suburb is hence treated separately. It is this strong sense of attachment to, and identification with, Belleville that is underlined by Pennac in his Malaussène series. Setting himself apart from his néo-polar contemporaries, Pennac draws heavily on all of the three faces of Belleville: the rouge, the rose and the noir. His refusal to adhere strictly to the néo-polar genre and his corresponding tendency to borrow from other genres such as the fairy tale, has resulted in a fusion of the real and the mythological which has engendered in his series a streak of optimism not found in the works of his contemporaries. Pennac draws on the history and traditions of the suburb to thus present an original view of contemporary Belleville as a peace-loving, cohesive community. If we accept that the cultural memory of a site is dictated in part by its inhabitants, and hence is in constant evolution, outlasting its physical appearance, Pennac’s role of guardian of the cultural memory of Belleville may extend to that of the cultural memory of the French nation.
Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 2009

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Morais, Carolina Bárbara Azedo. "Collaborative R&D and technology transfer: a rapid and effective route to the success of innovation?: a system-oriented assessment for Portugal 2020's demonstrator projects." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/19835.

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Technology transfer - defined as the reciprocal movement of know-how between an institutional technological environment and an industrial environment - has operated as an enabler of the business innovation process. Its socio-economic benefits have warranted the interest of organizations, since it allows them to acquire a larger set of skills, to complement their learning and to more rapidly overcome any obstacles that might arise in technology development and commercialization. In this regard, within the 2014-2020 Framework, policy-makers reinforced their innovation support programmes and policies, for the purpose of stimulating this phenomenon and thereby foster a structural transformation based on competitiveness and economy specialization in multiple and interconnected spaces. Nevertheless, a holistic assessment of those instruments, which might foster coherent and transparent decision-making in Portugal, is plainly lacking. In the light of this, the current dissertation puts forwards a systemic assessment methodology and applies it to one of the measures that promotes technology transfer – the Demonstrator projects. This assessment model makes it possible to monitor, inform and disclose the efficiency with which the activities are coordinated, the quality of the processes, the prospective effects and externalities, as well as their market potential, in an accurate and comprehensive way. The results were quite clear: innovation, by means of technology transfer, promotes more qualified employment, dissemination actions, desire for business expansion, international connections, interregional and intersectoral collaboration and, consequently, technologies with larger innovative and commercial capacity. Emphasis is therefore put on fostering its practice in Portugal, which entails the concertation of the existing deficit between all the economic agents comprising it.
A transferência tecnológica - caraterizada como o movimento recíproco de know-how entre um ambiente institucional tecnológico e um ambiente industrial - tem atuado como facilitadora do processo de inovação empresarial. Os seus benefícios socioeconómicos têm despertado o interesse das organizações, uma vez que lhes permite adquirir uma maior base de skills, complementar aprendizagens e mais rapidamente superar quaisquer obstáculos com que se deparem no desenvolvimento e comercialização tecnológica. Neste contexto, no Quadro 2014-2020, os policy-makers reforçaram os seus programas e instrumentos de apoio à inovação, visando estimular este fenómeno e, assim, fomentar uma transformação estrutural baseada na competitividade e na especialização da economia em espaços múltiplos e interligados. Todavia, denota-se a ausência de uma avaliação holística desses instrumentos, com vista a tomadas de decisão coerentes e transparentes em Portugal. Face a esta evidência, a presente dissertação propõe uma metodologia de avaliação sistémica e aplica-a a uma das medidas que promove a transferência tecnológica - os projetos Demonstradores. Este modelo permite monitorizar, informar e divulgar sobre a eficiência com que as atividades são coordenadas, a qualidade dos processos, os possíveis efeitos e externalidades, bem como o seu potencial de mercado, de forma precisa e abrangente. Os resultados foram bastante claros: a inovação, através da transferência tecnológica, promove mais emprego qualificado, ações de difusão, vontade de expansão de negócio, ligações internacionais, colaboração intersectorial e interregional e, por conseguinte, tecnologias com maior capacidade inovadora e comercial. Enfatiza-se, assim, um maior estímulo à sua prática em Portugal, o que implica a concertação do défice existente entre todos os agentes económicos seus constituintes.

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Martinez, Rose Marie 1966. "The road less traveled : factors affecting community college transfer student admission to a public flagship university." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-05-1246.

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Although much has been written about the challenges affecting transfer students, a mixed method study on transfer admission, particularly at the institutional level is an intriguing, albeit unexplored endeavor. In Texas, there is an added dimension of interest given the presence and popularity of the Top 10% Law. This study sought to provide a comprehensive portrait of transfer admission at The University of Texas at Austin from the 1990s to 2007. A sequential explanatory design was employed to identify changes in transfer admission policy and practice and to address if there were differences in admission rates among the major transfer pathways to the state’s largest flagship institution (Creswell, Plano Clark, Gutmann, & Hanson, 2003). Two main conclusions emerged from this study. First, transfer admission became more competitive and selective after the passage of the state’s Top 10% Law in 1997. Second, qualitative and quantitative findings suggested the implementation of a conditional transfer guarantee program for highly selective freshman applicants resulted in significantly less opportunity for transfer applicants from community colleges and other transfer routes to be admitted. Based on these findings, recommendations included reinvesting in a community college transfer student recruitment and scholarship program and significantly reducing the size of the university’s conditional transfer guarantee program for admissible freshmen applicants. A final suggestion was to identify and value the community college route in the holistic transfer admission process given the large proportion of first-generation college, low-income students who comprise this population. To avoid perceptions of sponsored mobility and to promote a social justice rationale, a pre-selection transfer program to prospective freshmen should be revisited given the adverse effects on the community college transfer population. With over 600,000 students enrolled in Texas 2-year colleges, a viable pathway to the state’s most prestigious flagship university provides increased opportunities for social mobility to the many competitively admissible first-generation and low-income students populating public 2-year colleges and seeking a baccalaureate degree from UT Austin.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Route 2030'

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