Relevant bibliographies by topics / Route for pipelines

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Route for pipelines'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Route for pipelines"

1

Zhou, Jun, Guangchuan Liang, Tao Deng, and Jing Gong. "Route Optimization of Pipeline in Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Based on Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1640303.

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This paper describes the problems in route optimization of two-phase pipelines. Combining the hydraulic calculation with route optimization theory, this paper establishes an automatic route optimization model and adopts the general genetic algorithm (gGA) and steady-state genetic algorithm (ssGA) to solve the model, respectively, gets the optimal route, and discusses the influence of parameters setting to the result. This algorithm was applied in determining pipelines routes in coalbed methane gathering and transporting system in Shanxi Province, China. The result shows that the algorithm is feasible, which improves the hydraulic properties by reducing the pressure drop along the line while the pipeline length is still acceptable.
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Liu, Jieying, Lingxiao Li, Tianjiao Hou, Xinguo Wu, and Qiao Zhou. "Study on Security Angle of Gas Pipeline Elbow Based on Stress Analysis Method." Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010133.

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The gas pipelines usually undergo complicated and changeable regional environment. As the level of the potential difference or pipeline’s route changes in the space and therefore elastic bending cannot meet the needs when pipe changes its direction, we generally use pipe bend to connect two pipelines with different spatial extend direction during the pipe laying period, and it can reduce the temperature stress. Unreasonable design of elbow will lead to pipeline damage. We established mountain area pipeline model, and conducted analysis on pipeline stress under different elbow angles. Research shows that different angles of the bends suffer different operation stress, and we have come to the conclusion that the angle of pipe bends should not be within the range of 15 degrees to 35 degrees.
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Telman Shahlarli, Telman Shahlarli. "MANAGING TECHNOLOGY IN OIL PIPELINES INDUSTRY." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 07, no. 03 (May 25, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0703202160.

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This study identifies a few technology management issues of operating oil pipelines in oil industry and suggests an analytical framework to resolve those. This study focuses on the pipeline system design, pipeline coating selection, route selection, construction management, and pipeline inspection and maintenance issues. Operating oil pipelines in an optimum capacity through out its life, effective construction management and failure free operations are considered as critical success factors in oil transportation business. Operating oil pipelines in derated capacity due to deteriorating pipeline health or lack of demand, non-ability of augmenting pipeline capacity despite of demand, non-achievement of time, cost, and quality of pipeline construction projects, and many failures of pipelines despite of huge expenditure in inspection and maintenance are the common phenomena in oil pipelines industry. These not only cause business loss, but also increase stakeholders’ concerns for sustainable development. This study addresses the above issues using an analytical framework through stakeholders’ involvement. Keywords: Pipeline operations, technology management issues, analytical frameworks, group decision-making.
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Peletiri, Suoton, Nejat Rahmanian, and Iqbal Mujtaba. "CO2 Pipeline Design: A Review." Energies 11, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092184.

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There is a need to accurately design pipelines to meet the expected increase in the construction of carbon dioxide (CO2) pipelines after the signing of the Paris Climate Agreement. CO2 pipelines are usually designed with the assumption of a pure CO2 fluid, even though it usually contains impurities, which affect the critical pressure, critical temperature, phase behaviour, and pressure and temperature changes in the pipeline. The design of CO2 pipelines and the calculation of process parameters and fluid properties is not quite accurate with the assumption of pure CO2 fluids. This paper reviews the design of rich CO2 pipelines including pipeline route selection, length and right of way, fluid flow rates and velocities, need for single point-to-point or trunk pipelines, pipeline operating pressures and temperatures, pipeline wall thickness, fluid stream composition, fluid phases, and pipeline diameter and pressure drop calculations. The performance of a hypothetical pipeline was simulated using gPROMS (ver. 4.2.0) and Aspen HYSYS (ver.10.1) and the results of both software were compared to validate equations. Pressure loss due to fluid acceleration was ignored in the development of the diameter/pressure drop equations. Work is ongoing to incorporate fluid acceleration effect and the effects of impurities to improve the current models.
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Muravyeva, Liudmila, and Nikolai Vatin. "Risk Assessment for a Main Pipeline under Severe Soil Conditions on Exposure to Seismic Forces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.468.

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Main Pipelines of the Russian Federation are critical energy facilities that make a significant contribution to the operation of power industry as a whole. Earthquakes are almost always followed by an increase in the accident rate on pipelines. Therefore, there is a reason to suppose that seismic forces (even minor ones) accelerate failure occurrence in a number of pipeline sections and serve as “the last straw” that causes accidents. The pipelines incur the most severe damage when the route is co directional to the seismic strain vector.
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Котляревский and Vladimir Kotlyarevskiy. "Condition Forecasting of Underground Main Pipelines in Permafrost Regions." Safety in Technosphere 2, no. 3 (June 25, 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/444.

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The problems relating to assessment of pipelines operated in the permafrost were analyzed and the need to resolve them was justified. Possible methods and software tools allowing the systematic approach implementation to forecasting the stress state of pipelines were presented. The strength prediction algorithm of main pipelines upon deformation due to the soil subsidence in the thawing areoles in permafrost sections was shown. The calculation of thawing and subsidence zone is based on existing rules with adaptation to underground pipelines. For operation safety control the alternative calculations of main oil pipeline durability for real conditions of the route section in the Amur region district have been executed.
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Uspeneva, Marina G., and Andrej M. Astapov. "APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS FOR SURVEYING OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-1-1-50-63.

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During the construction of oil and gas pipelines, a complex of engineering and geodetic works is necessary to ensure the geometric parameters of the designed routes during their laying. Therefore, the development of new methods for performing engineering and geodetic works for tracing linear structures using modern instruments is an urgent task. The purpose of this research is to analyze the modern methodology for the implementation of engineering and geodetic works for surveying and construction of the gas pipeline. The object of surveying is the route of the main gas pipeline «Aikhal-Udachny». The approbation of the methodology for performing engineering and geodetic works surveying for the «Aikhal-Udachny» gas pipeline was carried out and an analysis of the results was given.
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Jonsson, Magnus Thor. "An Approach to Optimum Route and Site Selection of a Steam Gathering System for Geothermal Power Plants Using Multiple Weight Distance Transform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 1386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1386.

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This article proposes a new approach to select the location for separators and routes for two phase flow pipelines in a geothermal steam gathering system. Multiple weight distance transform is presented and used to find the optimum location of site for a steam separator based on the flow capacity of geothermal wells. The routes are monotonic and the incline is slight in order to minimize the pressure drop and the slug flow conditions in the pipeline. A map with weighted distance for five wells shows the accessible area and the route from each well is calculated. The optimum site location reduces the total pipe length from all wells by 9%.
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Polutrenko, M. S., Ya T. Fedorovych, and K. M. Dzudzylo. "Factors of effect on the corrosion destruction of metal of underground pipelines." JOURNAL OF HYDROCARBON POWER ENGINEERING 6, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2311-1399-2019-1(11)-30-33.

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A set of studies was conducted to determine the main factors influencing the corrosion destruction of metal in underground pipelines in two studied sections of the Pasichna-Tysmenitsa gaspipeline, covering definitions of active acidity, mass fraction of moisture, the presence of sulfate ions, and metal weight loss determined by the gravimetric method. It has been established that the pipeline in the studied sections of the route is laid in a soil of uniform acidity, which is low in pH acidic, which indicates corrosiveness of the soil in relation to steel. High soil moisture from the bottom of the pipeline in two sections of the route 18.21and 19.73 %, respectively, contributed to increased corrosion damage of the metal. Corrosion of the studied soils was carried out on the basis of certain metal weight loss. It was established that the soils on the studied sections of the route, the distance between which was about 1000 m, relate to soils with a high and normal degree of corrosivity. High corrosion activity is characteristic of the soil along the lower generatrix of the pipeline, which leads to an increase in the corrosion rate of the metal of underground pipelines in this zone. The intensification of corrosion processes in the soil adjacent to the pipeline, with an increase in metal exposure time in soil, has been established. The presence of sulfate ions in soil water extracts leads to the development of biocorrosion with the participation of sulfate-reducing bacteria, which indicated the formation of biogenic hydrogensulfide.
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Langlet, David. "TRANSBOUNDARY TRANSIT PIPELINES: REFLECTIONS ON THE BALANCING OF RIGHTS AND INTERESTS IN LIGHT OF THE NORD STREAM PROJECT." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 63, no. 4 (September 5, 2014): 977–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589314000232.

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AbstractThe Nord Stream project, which comprises two natural gas pipelines in the Baltic Sea, eminently illustrates several of the ambiguities that pertain to the ability of coastal States to regulate the laying and operation of transit pipelines in their exclusive economic zone and, conversely, the extent of the right of other States to carry out such activities. A highly significant issue is how seabed surveys undertaken in preparation for the laying of pipelines should be characterized, and thus regulated, under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. What is to be considered a ‘reasonable measure’ by a coastal State is another crucial issue which, together with the extent of the requirement for consent by the coastal State for any specific pipeline route, are decisive for defining the balance between potentially competing interests relating to submarine transit pipelines.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Route for pipelines"

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Pawlitko, David. "Návrh mlýnice s kroužkovými mlýny s recirkulací spalin a bez recirkulace spalin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232168.

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This master’s thesis deals with the issue of recirculating of flue-gas of pulverized coal-fired boiler. Part of the thesis are thermal calculations of mills for operational status with and without flue-gas recirculation and design of routes of recirculated flue-gas into the mills at the level of feasibility study.
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SILVA, BARBARA AZEVEDO DA. "SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS ALONG A SUBMARINE PIPELINE`S ROUTE AT CAMPOS BASIN, RJ." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7336@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Neste trabalho são avaliadas as condições de estabilidade do subsolo marinho ao longo da rota de um duto rígido de aço revestido com concreto, de 10 de diâmetro, localizado na Bacia de Campos, RJ. Os dados geológicos e geotécnicos foram adquiridos a partir de um amplo levantamento geofísico e geotécnico realizado na diretriz do duto. Devido as adversidades à estabilidade do fundo marinho, várias análises vêm sendo realizadas de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. Atualmente, por questões ambientais e de segurança de obras de engenharia, busca-se uma avaliação mais quantitativa dos riscos geológicos associados à condição de estabilidade do fundo marinho, pois os escorregamentos de taludes representam o principal risco para estas estruturas. As análises de estabilidade foram feitas a partir da teoria do talude infinito, em metodologia aplicada por Nowacki et al. (2003) nos campos profundos de Mad Dog e Atlantis, no Golfo do México, e comparadas com os resultados encontrados a partir da formulação clássica do talude infinito. Uma integração de dados geotécnicos e geofísicos foi necessária, para que todos os parâmetros utilizados na metodologia pudessem ser obtidos. Os resultados indicaram dois pontos críticos ao longo da rota, ambos associados aos flancos do cânion Itapemirim, que apresentam gradientes altos. Foram realizados breves estudos com o objetivo de se avaliar a possibilidade de ocorrência de mecanismos disparadores (terremotos e ondas de tempestade) nesses pontos críticos mas os resultados descartaram esta possibilidade. Concluiu- se ainda que os dados geotécnicos utilizados neste trabalho não foram suficientes e de certo modo não apropriados para a análise de estabilidade de taludes. Uma nova campanha de ensaios geotécnicos de laboratório foi proposta para futuros estudos.
This research analyses stability conditions of marine sediments superficial layers of along a 10 in. diameter pipeline`s route, located at Campos Basin, RJ. The geological and geotechnical data were obtained during a wide geophysical and geotechnical survey along the pipeline`s route. Due to adversities to botton stability found in the marine environment, several qualitative and quantitative stability analysis have been made. Nowadays, because of environmental and safety issues, the researches are more focused on quantitative analysis of geohazards associated with the stability condition of the sea bottom, since slope slides represent the main risk for those structures. The stability analyses were based on the infinite slope theory. The methodology applied was the same used by Nowacki et al. (2003) at the deep fields of Mad Dog and Atlantis, in the Gulf of Mexico. The results were compared with the results from the classical formulation of the infinite slope. An integration of geotechnical and geophysical data was necessary, in order to obtain all the parameters used in the methodology. The results indicated two critical points along the route, both associated with the flanks of the Itapemirim Canyon, which have steep slopes. Brief studies were made to evaluate the importance of triggering mechanisms (earthquakes and storm waves) at these critical points but the results discard this possibility. It was also concluded that the geotechnical data used in this research were insufficient and in a certain way not appropriate for the slope stability analysis. A new geotechnical lab tests campaign was proposed for future studies.
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Um, Jung-Sup. "Evaluating operational potential of video strip mapping in monitoring reinstatement of a pipeline route." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339908.

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The first part of this study evaluates whether video can be used to provide the information required for pipeline ROW monitoring. Comparisons of information content are made between the aerial photograph (as a representative of typical wide angel sensors) and video. The aerial photographic image had neither the ground pixel size nor inexpensive data within the narrow target due to its wide angle-of-view. The video realistically isolated the major communities of the narrow pipeline ROW by reliable spatial precision due to its narrow angle-of-view. These investigations led to the conclusions that video is the sensor, technically and economically, which can meet the information requirements for the proposed target. The second part of the study develops a digital mosaicking procedure for narrow strip video. Until now, due to the time consuming mosaic requirement, video imagery had tended to be neglected in a digital environment. A reliable mosaic creation method for strip video was developed by incorporating traditional analogue mosaicking and digital image processing. An interactive approach, registering video frames bi-directionally, produced an acceptable positional accuracy. The concept of bi-directional bridging is a major product of this project. Bi-directional bridging, requiring solely end lap, enables VSM to be a powerful remote sensing tool in terms of time and labour. The development of bi-directional bridging breaks down the typical concept of video as being used purely as a snapshot visual assessment tool. The final aspect of the project is related to change-detection of the pipeline ROW recovery. A definite requirement in post-construction management of the ROW site is to detect recovery status on a multi-temporal basis. However, such large-scale video systems are often discussed as being inadequate for a change-detection application due to geometric and radiometric calibration problems. In spite of such limitations, changes to several detailed land cover classes, particularly for the rapid recovered target of the ROW (usually 5-10 years), could be detected successfully by visual or quantitative methods and through further patch dynamics analysis in a GIS environment. The results of this study indicate that such calibration problems are generally not a major drawback in acquiring change-detection information in a practical operational application which requires mostly generalised thematic mapping for relatively simple classes.
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Senterzi, Zahide Tugba. "Visegrad Group Facing The Nord Stream And South Stream Gas Pipeline Projects." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614610/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyzes the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s stance toward the Russian-German Nord Stream and Russian-Italian South Stream gas pipeline projects, which aimed to circumvent the traditional energy routes situated in Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The level of the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s dependency on inherited Soviet gas pipeline routes is examined alongside the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s policy setting ability within the group itself and in the European Union. The thesis also traces the evolution of energy relations between Europe and Russia and Visegrad Group&rsquo
s adaptation to the new state of affairs after the collapse of the Soviet Union, particularly with respect to energy issues. It is argued that despite all differences, Visegrad Group members are able to set a cooperation platform at times of crisis and develop common energy strategies. However, the thesis shows that the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s endeavor has encountered some setbacks at the national level and serious challenges at the European level, largely owing to the lack of a common European energy policy. The thesis concludes that the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s energy policy is both dependent on the stances of Russia and larger EU actors.
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Hrubý, Jaromír. "Čerpání pivovarského mláta." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229065.

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This master´s thesis deals with the utilization of spent grains. It briefly introduces the issue of hydraulic transport settling and non-settling mixtures, pumps, piping design and technology designed for a particular case. After these chapters, the calculations of parts of the technology utilization spent grains follow.
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Potočník, Jan. "Návrh vytápění a vzduchotechniky pro dvoupatrový rodinný dům po rekonstrukci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254402.

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The thesis is focused on the design of the reconstruction of a house built in the 70s of the last century. Part of this work is an introduction with the current state of the object and calculation of the appropriate heat losses. In the next step, renovations containing building insulation, replacement windows and doors, replacement of the heating system and the installation of air conditioning are made. Based on the design of the adjustments are again calculated heat losses and a comparation of energy savings is made. Another part of the proposal focuses in detail on heating system and its regulation. The final chapter deals with the design of the ventilation device using heat recovery. Attachments contain detailed calculations and necessary documentation.
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"Slope stability analysis along a submarine pipelines route at campos basin, rj." Tese, MAXWELL, 2005. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=7336:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.

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Chan, Shih-Min, and 詹士民. "Long-distance pipeline route mapping method." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h63r65.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
104
The most reliable and efficient long-distance pipeline transportation is gas and oil. Due to the prolonged use and the environmental impact of the pipeline, many old underground pipe line is not listed and neglect of maintenance, leading public dangers incident to transportation security issues. The aim of this study is to records and locate the path of the pipeline and the development path records and inspection of pipelines under normal transmission of the pipeline. It will help old underground pipeline maintenance in the future.This study focuses on an automated line positioning systems, including machine vehicles, hardware integration and data analysis pipeline route survey and mapping.This study for the domestic transport of underground oil 4 inch, 6 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch diameter design. Vehicle use it own transport medium pressure pipelines for moving, vehicle body parts produced by a 3D printer. Hardware system using the Arduino Nano with MPU6050 six-axis inertial sensor to consolidate, and the numerical analysis is using mathematical software MATLAB to do numerical analysis.The results of this experimental study for established a three dimensional of route simulation figure, In the experiment of two-dimensional 90 degree bend tube, its total length is 260.5 cm . We measure the average displacement of 260.82 cm, average error is 6.1%, In experiment of three-dimensional 90 degree s and 45 degrees bent tube, its total length is 570 cm. We measure the average displacement of 557.84 cm, average error is 6.8%,vehicle in the pipeline movement speed is 9.5 cm/s . We hope such technology can be applied in the future to find out more of old pipelines buried underground. As a result, we can check and maintain more easily
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HSU, TSUNG-YAO, and 許琮堯. "Long-distance pipeline route mapping and magnetic leak detection system." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26n2wn.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
105
This study establish an intelligent underground pipeline inspection system and the purpose is to use motor drive force and media transmission force in the pipeline to support the carrier movement and we use MATLAB to analyze data about magnetic flux and map pipe diameter route in the 4-inch pipeline for research. In this study, the main principle is to detect magnetic leakage and draw the defect map. We combine the gyroscope and the acceleration sensor to carry out in the pipeline to know the defect location. Carrier is divided into three parts. The first part is that the positioning system equipped with jy61 chip to record carrier operating path and monitor the system location and posture. The second part is that the driving system equipped with micro-motor and battery so that we can control the carrier to move and use the encoder to record walking distance. The third part is that the detection system is equipped with six Hall sensor and servo motor to achieve cyclic inspection and recording in the tube within 180 °. The defects detected in this experiment were blind hole with 2mm,4mm, 6mm,8mm, depth with 2mm, 4mm,6mm.
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Majmudar, Nirav A. "A spotpipe system for planning underground pipeline routes." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26108733.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1992.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-97).
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Books on the topic "Route for pipelines"

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Sira, Enrique. The "Hugo Pipe": The challenging route ahead. Cambridge, Mass: CERA, 2006.

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Board, Canada National Energy. Reasons for decision in the matter of Emera Brunswick Pipeline Company Ltd: Application by Emera Brunswick Pipeline Company Ltd., dated 12 July 2007 and 7 August 2007 for approval of the plans, profiles, and book of reference which detail the proposed route of the Brunswick Pipeline Certificate GC-100 - detailied route hearing. [Calgary, AB]: National Energy Board, 2008.

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Board, Canada National Energy. Reasons for decision in the matter of Emera Brunswick Pipeline Company Ltd: Application by Emera Brunswick Pipeline Company Ltd., dated 12 July 2007 and 7 August 2007 for approval of the plans, profiles, and book of reference which detail the proposed route of the Brunswick Pipeline Certificate GC-100 - detailied route hearing. [Calgary, AB]: National Energy Board, 2008.

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Power, United States Congress House Committee on Commerce Subcommittee on Energy and. H.R. 3, the Northern Route Approval Act: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Power of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, first session, April 10, 2013. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2013.

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Board, Canada National Energy. Compendium of decisions in the matter of Alliance Pipeline Ltd. on behalf of the Alliance Pipeline Limited Partnership, Alliance Pipeline Project: Application dated 18 December 1998 for approval of the plans, profiles, and books of reference respecting the detailed route of the Alliance Pipeline Project, consisting of a mainline pipeline and lateral pipelines, plus related facilities, from Gordondale, Alberta to a point on the Canada/United States border near Elmore, Saskatchewan. [Calgary]: National Energy Board, 2000.

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Beltran, Alain. Les routes du gaz: Histoire du transport de gaz naturel en France. Paris: Cherche midi, 2012.

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Reynolds, Ann. An archaeological assessment of the Camborne-Portreath sewage treatment works and pipeline transfer route. Truro (Planning Directorate, Cornwall County Council, Kennall Building, Old County Hall, Station Road, Truro. TR1 3AY): Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 1998.

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Alaska North Slope natural gas: Hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, to consider the transportation of Alaska North Slope natural gas to market and to investigate the cost, environmental impacts, and energy security implications to Alaska and the rest of the nation for alternative routes and projects, September 14, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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Reynolds, Ann. An archaeological assessment of the Newquay sewage treatment works and pipeline transfer route: A report to Form Design on behalf of South West Water Services Ltd. Truro (Planning Directorate, Cornwall County Council, Kennall Building, Old County Hall, Station Road, Truro. TR1 3AY): Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 1998.

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B, Day Nicholas, and American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on Pipeline Installation and Location., eds. Pipeline route selection for rural and cross-country pipelines. Reston, Va: ASCE, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Route for pipelines"

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Sawant, Suraj, Roshan Kumar, and Rupendra Kumar. "An Intelligent Gas Pipeline Route Alignment System." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 423–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7067-0_33.

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Schwarz, Ludwig, Klaus Robl, Walter Wakolbinger, Harry Mühling, and Pawel Zaradkiewicz. "GIS Based, Heuristic Approach for Pipeline Route Corridor Selection." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 6, 291–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09060-3_48.

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Blais-Stevens, Andrée, Panya Lipovsky, Marian Kremer, Réjean Couture, and Amaris Page. "Landslide Inventory and Susceptibility Mapping for a Proposed Pipeline Route, Yukon Alaska Highway Corridor, Canada." In Landslide Science and Practice, 215–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31319-6_30.

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Haneberg, William C. "Evaluating the Effects of Input Cost Surface Uncertainty on Deep-Water Petroleum Pipeline Route Optimization." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 6, 351–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09060-3_60.

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Ren, Shanshan, Zhiying Wang, Mingche Lai, and Hongyi Lu. "A Low-Latency Virtual-Channel Router with Optimized Pipeline Stages for On-Chip Network." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Human-centric Computing 2011 and Embedded and Multimedia Computing 2011, 459–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2105-0_41.

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Soligo, Ronald, and Amy Myers Jaffe. "The Economics of Pipeline Routes: The Conundrum of Oil Exports from the Caspian Basin." In Energy in the Caspian Region, 109–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230501225_6.

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"Chapter 17 Route optimization, tie-in and protection." In Pipelines and Risers, 305–23. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1571-9952(01)80031-3.

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Bai, Yong, and Qiang Bai. "Route Optimization, Tie-in and Protection." In Subsea Pipelines and Risers, 637–54. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044566-3.50037-3.

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"pipeline route." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1004. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_161969.

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Chang, Claudia. "Archaeological Sites, Cultural Heritage, and Sustainable Development in the Republic of Kazakhstan." In Education, Human Rights and Peace in Sustainable Development. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86916.

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This paper addresses the problem of protecting and preserving archaeological sites from the Bronze Age through the Medieval Period (ca. 2500 BC–1500 CE) as part of sustainable development that includes such economic and social benefits as (1) promoting national status; (2) integrating archaeological sites into the Silk Route narrative; (3) developing tourism related to historic and cultural heritage; and (4) creating a citizenry that values its cultural and historic resources in the face of rapid economic development and changing natural and cultural landscapes. Two UNESCO World Heritage sites will be discussed briefly: Otrar and the surrounding oasis, a medieval complex of sites along the Great Silk Route, and Tamgaly, a petroglyph and archaeological reserve. These two UNESCO World Heritage archaeological sites or preserves will be contrasted with the Talgar Iron Age sites (400 BC–100 CE) situated in a rapidly changing landscape due to economic development and infrastructure (pipelines, railways, roads, and housing) about 12–15 km east of the major city of Almaty. The goal of this article is to discuss the complexity of the entangled sectors of cultural and historic preservation, economic development, tourism, and global transnational heritage within the framework of sustainability.
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Conference papers on the topic "Route for pipelines"

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Kitt, Benjamin J., Aaron Licker, and Joshua Cull. "Pipeline Route Planning for Multiphase Pipelines." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64198.

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Pipelines transporting multiphase products (i.e. mixtures of liquids and gas) are common in the upstream oil and gas industry. However, there are numerous flow assurance challenges to the operation of multiphase pipelines, particularly in hilly terrain. For multi-phase pipelines the flow pattern, pressure drop, and associated liquid hold-up within the pipeline is highly dependent on the elevation profile, the gas to liquid ratio, the fluid properties, and the rate of flow. It is desirable to consider how multiphase pipelines can be routed to minimize these operational challenges. Variation from project to project and the complex nature of multi-phase flow can create challenges to developing common rules of thumb to be used in pipeline routing. There are commercially available software programs that model steady-state and transient flow conditions for multiphase flow, but these programs accept only one set of inputs for a particular routing scenario and the process of finding an optimal pipeline profile through the landscape can become tedious. Consequently, in the author’s experience, it is still common practice to develop pipeline routes for multiphase pipelines using traditional pipeline routing methods that are biased towards pipeline construction rather than operational factors. However, operational cost-savings can be realized through the application of multi-phase flow optimization in early pipeline routing and facility siting. This paper proposes an alternate method to routing multiphase pipelines using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based design tools to simultaneously evaluate route options at a landscape level and model the hydraulic behavior of the multiphase flow to identify optimal pipeline routes that minimize the challenges related to multiphase flow. This method allows for proper consideration of the potential construction and operational challenges of multiphase pipelines to be integrated into the pipeline design and balance against various other factors which includes land use, construction methods, terrain challenges and environmental or social impacts. Considering these challenges early in the conceptual design process will help operators realize capital and operational cost savings while allowing for safer and more reliable pipeline operations. The method uses a multi-criteria approach coupled with a hydraulic model with the ability to balance the influence each factor has on the calculated “least cost path” to route options that improve the flow assurance aspects by strategically navigating the terrain while respecting the host of other factors that contribute or influence the final chosen pipeline route. Using this method, operators can be assured that where opportunities exist to improve the hydraulic performance of a pipeline through route selection, these opportunities will be presented as outputs of the model and expert judgment can be used to determine the final pipeline alignment.
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Wasi, S. Raza, and J. Darren Bender. "Spatially Enabled Pipeline Route Optimization Model." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0362.

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An interesting, potentially useful, and fully replicable application of a spatially enabled decision model is presented for pipeline route optimization. This paper models the pipeline route optimization problem as a function of engineering and environmental design criteria. The engineering requirements mostly deal with capital, operational and maintenance costs, whereas environmental considerations ensure preservation of nature, natural resources and social integration. Typically, pipelines are routed in straight lines, to the extent possible, to minimize the capital construction costs. In contrast, longer pipelines and relatively higher costs may occur when environmental and social considerations are part of the design criteria. Similarly, much longer pipelines are less attractive in terms of capital costs and the environmental hazard associated with longer construction area. The pipeline route optimization problem is potentially a complex decision that is most often undertaken in an unstructured, qualitative fashion based on human experience and judgement. However, quantitative methods such as spatial analytical techniques, particularly the least-cost path algorithms, have greatly facilitated automation of the pipeline routing process. In the past several interesting studies have been conducted using quantitative spatial analytical tools for finding the best pipeline route or using non-spatial decision making tools to evaluate several alternates derived through conventional route reconnaissance methods. Most of these studies (that the authors are familiar with) have concentrated on integrating multiple sources of spatial data and performing quantitative least-cost path analysis or have attempted to make use of non-spatial decision making tools to select the best route. In this paper, the authors present a new framework that incorporates quantitative spatial analytical tools with an Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) model to provide a loosely integrated but efficient spatial Decision Support System (DSS). Specifically, the goal is to introduce a fully replicable spatial DSS that processes both quantitative and qualitative information, balances between lowest-cost and lowest-impact routes. The model presented in this paper is implemented in a four step process: first, integration of multiple source data that provide basis for engineering and environmental design criteria; second, creation of several alternate routes; third, building a comprehensive decision matrix using spatial analysis techniques; and fourth, testing the alternative and opinions of the stakeholder groups on imperatives of AHP model to simplify the route optimization decision. The final output of the model is then used to carry out sensitivity analysis, quantify the risk, generate “several what and if scenarios” and test stability of the route optimization decision.
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Triebel, George, and Todd Crouthamel. "Route Selection Based on a Weighted Ranking Analysis." In Pipelines 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482483.029.

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Bhowmik, Subrata. "Machine Learning-Based Optimization for Subsea Pipeline Route Design." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31031-ms.

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Abstract Optimal route selection for the subsea pipeline is a critical task for the pipeline design process, and the route selected can significantly affect the overall project cost. Therefore, it is necessary to design the routes to be economical and safe. On-bottom stability (OBS) and fixed obstacles like existing crossings and free spans are the main factors that affect the route selection. This article proposes a novel hybrid optimization method based on a typical Machine Learning algorithm for designing an optimal pipeline route. The proposed optimal route design is compared with one of the popular multi-objective optimization method named Genetic Algorithm (GA). The proposed pipeline route selection method uses a Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm, a particular type of machine learning method to train a pipeline system that would optimize the route selection of subsea pipelines. The route optimization tool evaluates each possible route by incorporating Onbottom stability criteria based on DNVGL-ST-109 standard and other constraints such as the minimum pipeline route length, static obstacles, pipeline crossings, and free-span section length. The cost function in the optimization method simultaneously handles the minimization of length and cost of mitigating procedures. Genetic Algorithm, a well established optimization method, has been used as a reference to compare the optimal route with the result from the proposed Reinforcement Learning based optimization method. Three different case studies are performed for finding the optimal route selection using the Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach considering the OBS criteria into its cost function and compared with the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The RL method saves upto 20% pipeline length for a complex problem with 15 crossings and 31 free spans. The RL optimization method provides the optimal routes, considering different aspects of the design and the costs associated with the various factors to stabilize a pipeline (mattress, trenching, burying, concrete coating, or even employing a more massive pipe with additional steel wall thickness). OBS criteria significantly influence the best route, indicating that the tool can reduce the pipeline's design time and minimize installation and operational costs of the pipeline. Conventionally the pipeline route optimization is performed by a manual process where the minimum roule length and static obstacles are considered to find an optimum route. The engineering is then performed to fulfill the criteria of this route, and this approach may not lead to an optimized engineering cost. The proposed Reinforced Learning method for route optimization is a mixed type, faster, and cost-efficient approach. It significantly minimizes the pipeline's installation and operational costs up to 20% of the conventional route selection process.
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Maughn, Scott, Stephanie Jenkins, and Jeff Hogan. "Outside Influences on Large-Diameter Pipeline Route Selection Processes." In Pipelines 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413692.174.

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Huffines, Daniel, and Chris Leathers. "Transmission Pipeline Route Analysis to Support Growing Water Demand." In Pipelines 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481660.023.

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Hutson, Alan, Jeff Payne, and Zachary Huff. "Route Selection for a $2.2 Billion Pipeline." In Pipelines Conference 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412480.053.

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Chwiedosiuk, Jan, David J. Tanzi, Anna B. Pridmore, and Rasko P. Ojdrovic. "Middlesex Water Company 30-Inch Pipeline Upgrade under U.S. Route 1." In Pipelines 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481653.084.

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Bennett, Joelle L., Mike Britch, Tyler Wubbena, and John R. Plattsmier. "Picking a Pipeline Route through a Densely Developed Urban Environment: The Challenges Are Not Technical." In Pipelines 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479360.171.

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Hardin, Drew, Glenn Bridges, and Don Rundell. "Selecting the Best Pipeline Route Based on Facts Not Feelings." In International Pipelines Conference 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40994(321)12.

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Reports on the topic "Route for pipelines"

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Wraight, Sarah, Julia Hofmann, Justine Allpress, and Brooks Depro. Environmental justice concerns and the proposed Atlantic Coast Pipeline route in North Carolina. RTI Press, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.mr.0037.1803.

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This report describes publicly available data sets and quantitative analysis that local communities can use to evaluate environmental justice concerns associated with pipeline projects. We applied these data and analytical methods to two counties in North Carolina (Northampton and Robeson counties) that would be affected by the proposed Atlantic Coast Pipeline (ACP). We compared demographic and vulnerability characteristics of census blocks, census block groups, and census tracts that lie within 1 mile of the proposed pipeline route with corresponding census geographies that lie outside of the 1-mile zone. Finally, we present results of a county-level analysis of race and ethnicity data for the entire North Carolina segment of the proposed ACP route. Statistical analyses of race and ethnicity data (US Census Bureau) and Social Vulnerability Index scores (University of South Carolina’s Hazards & Vulnerability Research Institute) yielded evidence of significant differences between the areas crossed by the pipeline and reference geographies. No significant differences were found in our analyses of household income and cancer risk data.
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Robinson, S. D., and B. J. Moorman. Ground penetrating radar surveys along the Norman Wells Pipeline route, 1989-94: a summary of results. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/203650.

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Koehler, R. D., R. D. Reger, E. R. Spangler, and A. I. Gould. Investigation of potentially active tectonic faults along the route of the proposed Alaska Stand Alone Pipeline, Livengood to Cook Inlet, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29409.

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Robinson, S. D., and B. J. Moorman. Ground penetrating radar surveys along the Norman Wells pipeline route, summer 1994: Part 1 - site descriptions and radar interpretations; Part 2 - radar profiles. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/203625.

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Lavadenz, Magaly, and Anaida Colón-Muñiz. The Latin@ Teacher Shortage: Learning from the Past to Inform the Future. Loyola Marymount University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.5.

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This policy brief explores trends in U.S. K-12 Hispanic student enrollment vs. the Hispanic teacher workforce as a way to call attention to the bilingual teacher shortage. Successful examples of past efforts to increase the number of Latino and bilingual teachers are reviewed and the following policy recommendations are made: 1) expand investment in grow your own initiatives that recruit students in middle and high school students and emerging educational paraprofessionals into the bilingual teacher pipeline; 2) establish regional teacher preparation and professional learning centers and consortia; 3) offer financial supports; and 4) enhance university-based credentialing routes, internship and residency programs.
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McCarthy, Noel, Eileen Taylor, Martin Maiden, Alison Cody, Melissa Jansen van Rensburg, Margaret Varga, Sophie Hedges, et al. Enhanced molecular-based (MLST/whole genome) surveillance and source attribution of Campylobacter infections in the UK. Food Standards Agency, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ksj135.

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This human campylobacteriosis sentinel surveillance project was based at two sites in Oxfordshire and North East England chosen (i) to be representative of the English population on the Office for National Statistics urban-rural classification and (ii) to provide continuity with genetic surveillance started in Oxfordshire in October 2003. Between October 2015 and September 2018 epidemiological questionnaires and genome sequencing of isolates from human cases was accompanied by sampling and genome sequencing of isolates from possible food animal sources. The principal aim was to estimate the contributions of the main sources of human infection and to identify any changes over time. An extension to the project focussed on antimicrobial resistance in study isolates and older archived isolates. These older isolates were from earlier years at the Oxfordshire site and the earliest available coherent set of isolates from the national archive at Public Health England (1997/8). The aim of this additional work was to analyse the emergence of the antimicrobial resistance that is now present among human isolates and to describe and compare antimicrobial resistance in recent food animal isolates. Having identified the presence of bias in population genetic attribution, and that this was not addressed in the published literature, this study developed an approach to adjust for bias in population genetic attribution, and an alternative approach to attribution using sentinel types. Using these approaches the study estimated that approximately 70% of Campylobacter jejuni and just under 50% of C. coli infection in our sample was linked to the chicken source and that this was relatively stable over time. Ruminants were identified as the second most common source for C. jejuni and the most common for C. coli where there was also some evidence for pig as a source although less common than ruminant or chicken. These genomic attributions of themselves make no inference on routes of transmission. However, those infected with isolates genetically typical of chicken origin were substantially more likely to have eaten chicken than those infected with ruminant types. Consumption of lamb’s liver was very strongly associated with infection by a strain genetically typical of a ruminant source. These findings support consumption of these foods as being important in the transmission of these infections and highlight a potentially important role for lamb’s liver consumption as a source of Campylobacter infection. Antimicrobial resistance was predicted from genomic data using a pipeline validated by Public Health England and using BIGSdb software. In C. jejuni this showed a nine-fold increase in resistance to fluoroquinolones from 1997 to 2018. Tetracycline resistance was also common, with higher initial resistance (1997) and less substantial change over time. Resistance to aminoglycosides or macrolides remained low in human cases across all time periods. Among C. jejuni food animal isolates, fluoroquinolone resistance was common among isolates from chicken and substantially less common among ruminants, ducks or pigs. Tetracycline resistance was common across chicken, duck and pig but lower among ruminant origin isolates. In C. coli resistance to all four antimicrobial classes rose from low levels in 1997. The fluoroquinolone rise appears to have levelled off earlier and among animals, levels are high in duck as well as chicken isolates, although based on small sample sizes, macrolide and aminoglycoside resistance, was substantially higher than for C. jejuni among humans and highest among pig origin isolates. Tetracycline resistance is high in isolates from pigs and the very small sample from ducks. Antibiotic use following diagnosis was relatively high (43.4%) among respondents in the human surveillance study. Moreover, it varied substantially across sites and was highest among non-elderly adults compared to older adults or children suggesting opportunities for improved antimicrobial stewardship. The study also found evidence for stable lineages over time across human and source animal species as well as some tighter genomic clusters that may represent outbreaks. The genomic dataset will allow extensive further work beyond the specific goals of the study. This has been made accessible on the web, with access supported by data visualisation tools.
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