Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Route for pipelines'

This master’s thesis deals with the issue of recirculating of flue-gas of pulverized coal-fired boiler. Part of the thesis are thermal calculations of mills for operational status with and without flue-gas recirculation and design of routes of recirculated flue-gas into the mills at the level of feasibility study.

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Neste trabalho são avaliadas as condições de estabilidade do subsolo marinho ao longo da rota de um duto rígido de aço revestido com concreto, de 10 de diâmetro, localizado na Bacia de Campos, RJ. Os dados geológicos e geotécnicos foram adquiridos a partir de um amplo levantamento geofísico e geotécnico realizado na diretriz do duto. Devido as adversidades à estabilidade do fundo marinho, várias análises vêm sendo realizadas de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. Atualmente, por questões ambientais e de segurança de obras de engenharia, busca-se uma avaliação mais quantitativa dos riscos geológicos associados à condição de estabilidade do fundo marinho, pois os escorregamentos de taludes representam o principal risco para estas estruturas. As análises de estabilidade foram feitas a partir da teoria do talude infinito, em metodologia aplicada por Nowacki et al. (2003) nos campos profundos de Mad Dog e Atlantis, no Golfo do México, e comparadas com os resultados encontrados a partir da formulação clássica do talude infinito. Uma integração de dados geotécnicos e geofísicos foi necessária, para que todos os parâmetros utilizados na metodologia pudessem ser obtidos. Os resultados indicaram dois pontos críticos ao longo da rota, ambos associados aos flancos do cânion Itapemirim, que apresentam gradientes altos. Foram realizados breves estudos com o objetivo de se avaliar a possibilidade de ocorrência de mecanismos disparadores (terremotos e ondas de tempestade) nesses pontos críticos mas os resultados descartaram esta possibilidade. Concluiu- se ainda que os dados geotécnicos utilizados neste trabalho não foram suficientes e de certo modo não apropriados para a análise de estabilidade de taludes. Uma nova campanha de ensaios geotécnicos de laboratório foi proposta para futuros estudos.
This research analyses stability conditions of marine sediments superficial layers of along a 10 in. diameter pipeline`s route, located at Campos Basin, RJ. The geological and geotechnical data were obtained during a wide geophysical and geotechnical survey along the pipeline`s route. Due to adversities to botton stability found in the marine environment, several qualitative and quantitative stability analysis have been made. Nowadays, because of environmental and safety issues, the researches are more focused on quantitative analysis of geohazards associated with the stability condition of the sea bottom, since slope slides represent the main risk for those structures. The stability analyses were based on the infinite slope theory. The methodology applied was the same used by Nowacki et al. (2003) at the deep fields of Mad Dog and Atlantis, in the Gulf of Mexico. The results were compared with the results from the classical formulation of the infinite slope. An integration of geotechnical and geophysical data was necessary, in order to obtain all the parameters used in the methodology. The results indicated two critical points along the route, both associated with the flanks of the Itapemirim Canyon, which have steep slopes. Brief studies were made to evaluate the importance of triggering mechanisms (earthquakes and storm waves) at these critical points but the results discard this possibility. It was also concluded that the geotechnical data used in this research were insufficient and in a certain way not appropriate for the slope stability analysis. A new geotechnical lab tests campaign was proposed for future studies.

The first part of this study evaluates whether video can be used to provide the information required for pipeline ROW monitoring. Comparisons of information content are made between the aerial photograph (as a representative of typical wide angel sensors) and video. The aerial photographic image had neither the ground pixel size nor inexpensive data within the narrow target due to its wide angle-of-view. The video realistically isolated the major communities of the narrow pipeline ROW by reliable spatial precision due to its narrow angle-of-view. These investigations led to the conclusions that video is the sensor, technically and economically, which can meet the information requirements for the proposed target. The second part of the study develops a digital mosaicking procedure for narrow strip video. Until now, due to the time consuming mosaic requirement, video imagery had tended to be neglected in a digital environment. A reliable mosaic creation method for strip video was developed by incorporating traditional analogue mosaicking and digital image processing. An interactive approach, registering video frames bi-directionally, produced an acceptable positional accuracy. The concept of bi-directional bridging is a major product of this project. Bi-directional bridging, requiring solely end lap, enables VSM to be a powerful remote sensing tool in terms of time and labour. The development of bi-directional bridging breaks down the typical concept of video as being used purely as a snapshot visual assessment tool. The final aspect of the project is related to change-detection of the pipeline ROW recovery. A definite requirement in post-construction management of the ROW site is to detect recovery status on a multi-temporal basis. However, such large-scale video systems are often discussed as being inadequate for a change-detection application due to geometric and radiometric calibration problems. In spite of such limitations, changes to several detailed land cover classes, particularly for the rapid recovered target of the ROW (usually 5-10 years), could be detected successfully by visual or quantitative methods and through further patch dynamics analysis in a GIS environment. The results of this study indicate that such calibration problems are generally not a major drawback in acquiring change-detection information in a practical operational application which requires mostly generalised thematic mapping for relatively simple classes.

This thesis analyzes the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s stance toward the Russian-German Nord Stream and Russian-Italian South Stream gas pipeline projects, which aimed to circumvent the traditional energy routes situated in Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The level of the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s dependency on inherited Soviet gas pipeline routes is examined alongside the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s policy setting ability within the group itself and in the European Union. The thesis also traces the evolution of energy relations between Europe and Russia and Visegrad Group&rsquo
s adaptation to the new state of affairs after the collapse of the Soviet Union, particularly with respect to energy issues. It is argued that despite all differences, Visegrad Group members are able to set a cooperation platform at times of crisis and develop common energy strategies. However, the thesis shows that the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s endeavor has encountered some setbacks at the national level and serious challenges at the European level, largely owing to the lack of a common European energy policy. The thesis concludes that the Visegrad Group&rsquo
s energy policy is both dependent on the stances of Russia and larger EU actors.

This master´s thesis deals with the utilization of spent grains. It briefly introduces the issue of hydraulic transport settling and non-settling mixtures, pumps, piping design and technology designed for a particular case. After these chapters, the calculations of parts of the technology utilization spent grains follow.

The thesis is focused on the design of the reconstruction of a house built in the 70s of the last century. Part of this work is an introduction with the current state of the object and calculation of the appropriate heat losses. In the next step, renovations containing building insulation, replacement windows and doors, replacement of the heating system and the installation of air conditioning are made. Based on the design of the adjustments are again calculated heat losses and a comparation of energy savings is made. Another part of the proposal focuses in detail on heating system and its regulation. The final chapter deals with the design of the ventilation device using heat recovery. Attachments contain detailed calculations and necessary documentation.

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
104
The most reliable and efficient long-distance pipeline transportation is gas and oil. Due to the prolonged use and the environmental impact of the pipeline, many old underground pipe line is not listed and neglect of maintenance, leading public dangers incident to transportation security issues. The aim of this study is to records and locate the path of the pipeline and the development path records and inspection of pipelines under normal transmission of the pipeline. It will help old underground pipeline maintenance in the future.This study focuses on an automated line positioning systems, including machine vehicles, hardware integration and data analysis pipeline route survey and mapping.This study for the domestic transport of underground oil 4 inch, 6 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch diameter design. Vehicle use it own transport medium pressure pipelines for moving, vehicle body parts produced by a 3D printer. Hardware system using the Arduino Nano with MPU6050 six-axis inertial sensor to consolidate, and the numerical analysis is using mathematical software MATLAB to do numerical analysis.The results of this experimental study for established a three dimensional of route simulation figure, In the experiment of two-dimensional 90 degree bend tube, its total length is 260.5 cm . We measure the average displacement of 260.82 cm, average error is 6.1%, In experiment of three-dimensional 90 degree s and 45 degrees bent tube, its total length is 570 cm. We measure the average displacement of 557.84 cm, average error is 6.8%,vehicle in the pipeline movement speed is 9.5 cm/s . We hope such technology can be applied in the future to find out more of old pipelines buried underground. As a result, we can check and maintain more easily

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
105
This study establish an intelligent underground pipeline inspection system and the purpose is to use motor drive force and media transmission force in the pipeline to support the carrier movement and we use MATLAB to analyze data about magnetic flux and map pipe diameter route in the 4-inch pipeline for research. In this study, the main principle is to detect magnetic leakage and draw the defect map. We combine the gyroscope and the acceleration sensor to carry out in the pipeline to know the defect location. Carrier is divided into three parts. The first part is that the positioning system equipped with jy61 chip to record carrier operating path and monitor the system location and posture. The second part is that the driving system equipped with micro-motor and battery so that we can control the carrier to move and use the encoder to record walking distance. The third part is that the detection system is equipped with six Hall sensor and servo motor to achieve cyclic inspection and recording in the tube within 180 °. The defects detected in this experiment were blind hole with 2mm,4mm, 6mm,8mm, depth with 2mm, 4mm,6mm.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1992.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-97).

The routing of the Trans-Anatolian Pipeline plays an important role in the future energy security of the European Union. The natural gas pipeline is planned to run from the natural gas fields in the Caspian Sea through Turkey. This project is a case study for a Geographic Information System (GIS) least-cost route analysis of a section of the proposed pipeline in Western Turkey. The route analysis comprised of weighting multiple types of criteria in a compiled risk assessment map that was analyzed by a least-cost algorithm to display the least hazardous route through the study area. Multiple varieties of criteria were considered such as, lithology, slope of terrain, environmental and social risk factors, e.g. proximity to natural reserves and urban centers, to provide the least hazardous route through the region. The derived least cost paths were more efficient than the proposed route in the relative cost associated with each route.

The Keystone XL has a big role for transforming Canadian oil to the USA. The function of the pipeline is decreasing the dependency of the American oil industry on other countries and it will help to limit external debt. The proposed pipeline seeks the most suitable route which cannot damage agricultural and natural water recourses such as the Ogallala Aquifer. Using the Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, the suggested path in this study got extremely high correct results that will help in the future to use the least cost analysis for similar studies. The route analysis contains different weighted overlay surfaces, each, was influenced by various criteria (slope, geology, population and land use). The resulted least cost path routes for each weighted overlay surface were compared with the original proposed pipeline and each displayed surface was more effective than the proposed Keystone XL pipeline.

M.A.
The study of the two possible routes for the magnetite slurry pipeline between Phalaborwa and Maputo was motivated because of the impact it can have on the environment. Since the early 1970's the environment has become more and more important to the people that live in it. By law any development should by forgone by an Environmental Impact Assessment, and for that reason this study was undertaken. Environmental Impact Assessment (E.I.A.) measures impacts of one or more environmental indicators on the environment. Further more an Environmental Impact Assessment means a national procedure for evaluating the likely impact of a proposed activity on the environment. It is thus a tool used to minimise the impacts of human development on the environment. This tool will be used to compare the two routes and to identify the route with less Environmental Impact. Within the growing field of environmental science and engineering, there is increasing interest in and use of Environmental Assessment (EA). In this form of assessment, the experts evaluate the probable impact of a range of alternative actions that have been proposed in response to a problem, in this case the placing of a pipeline from Phalaborwa to Maputo. Environmental Impacts may be considered in light of economic, social, or security constraints; hence the lightest impact is not necessarily always chosen by planners.

碩士
國立清華大學
電機工程學系
103
Previously, a fast and accurate static NoC timing simulator was proposed to calculate packet-arrival times. It can support different models of worm-hole switching, Global Asynchronous Local Synchronous (GALS) schemes, and Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS). However, the NoC simulator is limited to static simulation, i.e., packet injection times were known before simulation starts. Besides, the simulation time grows more than linearly as the number of injected packets increases, because the implementation scan all previous packets to make sure later packets do not interfere previous calculations. In this thesis, we first adapt the NoC timing simulator to support dynamic simulation, which use a windowing technique to detect and recovery the timing errors caused by newly-injected packets. In the mean time, we improve the performance of simulation significantly under large workloads. Also, we extend our NoC timing simulator to support most of the important NoC design parameters, including router pipeline architectures and several arbitration policies. Lastly, we wrap the simulator with SystemC TLM-2.0 (IEEE 1666) sockets for modeling compatibility with other IPs. The results of the proposed simulator are verified with NoC implementations (cycle-accurate RTL-level) created by a NoC compiler from Arteris. All timing results match perfectly with packet waveforms generated by above NoCs. We also achieve significant speed up when comparing with existing NoC simulators. As a reference, the simulator is about 2 times faster than a TG2 NoC model, which is a SystemC and cycle-based model without timing accuracy (due to worm-hole traffics). For other accurate models, the proposed dynamic simulator is 4 times faster than the static version, and about 188 times faster than a Arteris cycle-accurate model.