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Journal articles on the topic 'Route for pipelines'
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1
Zhou, Jun, Guangchuan Liang, Tao Deng, and Jing Gong. "Route Optimization of Pipeline in Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Based on Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1640303.
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This paper describes the problems in route optimization of two-phase pipelines. Combining the hydraulic calculation with route optimization theory, this paper establishes an automatic route optimization model and adopts the general genetic algorithm (gGA) and steady-state genetic algorithm (ssGA) to solve the model, respectively, gets the optimal route, and discusses the influence of parameters setting to the result. This algorithm was applied in determining pipelines routes in coalbed methane gathering and transporting system in Shanxi Province, China. The result shows that the algorithm is feasible, which improves the hydraulic properties by reducing the pressure drop along the line while the pipeline length is still acceptable.
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Liu, Jieying, Lingxiao Li, Tianjiao Hou, Xinguo Wu, and Qiao Zhou. "Study on Security Angle of Gas Pipeline Elbow Based on Stress Analysis Method." Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010133.
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The gas pipelines usually undergo complicated and changeable regional environment. As the level of the potential difference or pipeline’s route changes in the space and therefore elastic bending cannot meet the needs when pipe changes its direction, we generally use pipe bend to connect two pipelines with different spatial extend direction during the pipe laying period, and it can reduce the temperature stress. Unreasonable design of elbow will lead to pipeline damage. We established mountain area pipeline model, and conducted analysis on pipeline stress under different elbow angles. Research shows that different angles of the bends suffer different operation stress, and we have come to the conclusion that the angle of pipe bends should not be within the range of 15 degrees to 35 degrees.
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Telman Shahlarli, Telman Shahlarli. "MANAGING TECHNOLOGY IN OIL PIPELINES INDUSTRY." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 07, no. 03 (May 25, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0703202160.
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This study identifies a few technology management issues of operating oil pipelines in oil industry and suggests an analytical framework to resolve those. This study focuses on the pipeline system design, pipeline coating selection, route selection, construction management, and pipeline inspection and maintenance issues. Operating oil pipelines in an optimum capacity through out its life, effective construction management and failure free operations are considered as critical success factors in oil transportation business. Operating oil pipelines in derated capacity due to deteriorating pipeline health or lack of demand, non-ability of augmenting pipeline capacity despite of demand, non-achievement of time, cost, and quality of pipeline construction projects, and many failures of pipelines despite of huge expenditure in inspection and maintenance are the common phenomena in oil pipelines industry. These not only cause business loss, but also increase stakeholders’ concerns for sustainable development. This study addresses the above issues using an analytical framework through stakeholders’ involvement. Keywords: Pipeline operations, technology management issues, analytical frameworks, group decision-making.
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Peletiri, Suoton, Nejat Rahmanian, and Iqbal Mujtaba. "CO2 Pipeline Design: A Review." Energies 11, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092184.
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There is a need to accurately design pipelines to meet the expected increase in the construction of carbon dioxide (CO2) pipelines after the signing of the Paris Climate Agreement. CO2 pipelines are usually designed with the assumption of a pure CO2 fluid, even though it usually contains impurities, which affect the critical pressure, critical temperature, phase behaviour, and pressure and temperature changes in the pipeline. The design of CO2 pipelines and the calculation of process parameters and fluid properties is not quite accurate with the assumption of pure CO2 fluids. This paper reviews the design of rich CO2 pipelines including pipeline route selection, length and right of way, fluid flow rates and velocities, need for single point-to-point or trunk pipelines, pipeline operating pressures and temperatures, pipeline wall thickness, fluid stream composition, fluid phases, and pipeline diameter and pressure drop calculations. The performance of a hypothetical pipeline was simulated using gPROMS (ver. 4.2.0) and Aspen HYSYS (ver.10.1) and the results of both software were compared to validate equations. Pressure loss due to fluid acceleration was ignored in the development of the diameter/pressure drop equations. Work is ongoing to incorporate fluid acceleration effect and the effects of impurities to improve the current models.
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Muravyeva, Liudmila, and Nikolai Vatin. "Risk Assessment for a Main Pipeline under Severe Soil Conditions on Exposure to Seismic Forces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.468.
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Main Pipelines of the Russian Federation are critical energy facilities that make a significant contribution to the operation of power industry as a whole. Earthquakes are almost always followed by an increase in the accident rate on pipelines. Therefore, there is a reason to suppose that seismic forces (even minor ones) accelerate failure occurrence in a number of pipeline sections and serve as “the last straw” that causes accidents. The pipelines incur the most severe damage when the route is co directional to the seismic strain vector.
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Котляревский and Vladimir Kotlyarevskiy. "Condition Forecasting of Underground Main Pipelines in Permafrost Regions." Safety in Technosphere 2, no. 3 (June 25, 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/444.
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The problems relating to assessment of pipelines operated in the permafrost were analyzed and the need to resolve them was justified. Possible methods and software tools allowing the systematic approach implementation to forecasting the stress state of pipelines were presented. The strength prediction algorithm of main pipelines upon deformation due to the soil subsidence in the thawing areoles in permafrost sections was shown. The calculation of thawing and subsidence zone is based on existing rules with adaptation to underground pipelines. For operation safety control the alternative calculations of main oil pipeline durability for real conditions of the route section in the Amur region district have been executed.
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Uspeneva, Marina G., and Andrej M. Astapov. "APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS FOR SURVEYING OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-1-1-50-63.
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During the construction of oil and gas pipelines, a complex of engineering and geodetic works is necessary to ensure the geometric parameters of the designed routes during their laying. Therefore, the development of new methods for performing engineering and geodetic works for tracing linear structures using modern instruments is an urgent task. The purpose of this research is to analyze the modern methodology for the implementation of engineering and geodetic works for surveying and construction of the gas pipeline. The object of surveying is the route of the main gas pipeline «Aikhal-Udachny». The approbation of the methodology for performing engineering and geodetic works surveying for the «Aikhal-Udachny» gas pipeline was carried out and an analysis of the results was given.
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Jonsson, Magnus Thor. "An Approach to Optimum Route and Site Selection of a Steam Gathering System for Geothermal Power Plants Using Multiple Weight Distance Transform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 1386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1386.
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This article proposes a new approach to select the location for separators and routes for two phase flow pipelines in a geothermal steam gathering system. Multiple weight distance transform is presented and used to find the optimum location of site for a steam separator based on the flow capacity of geothermal wells. The routes are monotonic and the incline is slight in order to minimize the pressure drop and the slug flow conditions in the pipeline. A map with weighted distance for five wells shows the accessible area and the route from each well is calculated. The optimum site location reduces the total pipe length from all wells by 9%.
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Polutrenko, M. S., Ya T. Fedorovych, and K. M. Dzudzylo. "Factors of effect on the corrosion destruction of metal of underground pipelines." JOURNAL OF HYDROCARBON POWER ENGINEERING 6, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2311-1399-2019-1(11)-30-33.
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A set of studies was conducted to determine the main factors influencing the corrosion destruction of metal in underground pipelines in two studied sections of the Pasichna-Tysmenitsa gaspipeline, covering definitions of active acidity, mass fraction of moisture, the presence of sulfate ions, and metal weight loss determined by the gravimetric method. It has been established that the pipeline in the studied sections of the route is laid in a soil of uniform acidity, which is low in pH acidic, which indicates corrosiveness of the soil in relation to steel. High soil moisture from the bottom of the pipeline in two sections of the route 18.21and 19.73 %, respectively, contributed to increased corrosion damage of the metal. Corrosion of the studied soils was carried out on the basis of certain metal weight loss. It was established that the soils on the studied sections of the route, the distance between which was about 1000 m, relate to soils with a high and normal degree of corrosivity. High corrosion activity is characteristic of the soil along the lower generatrix of the pipeline, which leads to an increase in the corrosion rate of the metal of underground pipelines in this zone. The intensification of corrosion processes in the soil adjacent to the pipeline, with an increase in metal exposure time in soil, has been established. The presence of sulfate ions in soil water extracts leads to the development of biocorrosion with the participation of sulfate-reducing bacteria, which indicated the formation of biogenic hydrogensulfide.
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Langlet, David. "TRANSBOUNDARY TRANSIT PIPELINES: REFLECTIONS ON THE BALANCING OF RIGHTS AND INTERESTS IN LIGHT OF THE NORD STREAM PROJECT." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 63, no. 4 (September 5, 2014): 977–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589314000232.
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AbstractThe Nord Stream project, which comprises two natural gas pipelines in the Baltic Sea, eminently illustrates several of the ambiguities that pertain to the ability of coastal States to regulate the laying and operation of transit pipelines in their exclusive economic zone and, conversely, the extent of the right of other States to carry out such activities. A highly significant issue is how seabed surveys undertaken in preparation for the laying of pipelines should be characterized, and thus regulated, under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. What is to be considered a ‘reasonable measure’ by a coastal State is another crucial issue which, together with the extent of the requirement for consent by the coastal State for any specific pipeline route, are decisive for defining the balance between potentially competing interests relating to submarine transit pipelines.
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Jones, Jeff. "Challenges in applying AS 2885 to aging oil and gas pipelines." APPEA Journal 56, no. 1 (2016): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15011.
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Oil and gas transmission pipelines in Australia are licensed under state-based pipeline acts and regulations, or a safety case regime for offshore pipelines. Both approaches deal with requirements for the design, construction and operation of a pipeline. A core requirement of a licensee’s pipeline management system—as required by AS 2885.3 (Operation and Maintenance)— is to maintain a live view of the failure threats to a pipeline. AS 2885 also requires licensees to undertake a regular review of the pipeline safety management study (SMS), to examine the effectiveness of existing threat controls, and to ensure existing and any new threats to the pipeline are being managed to ALARP using the prescribed risk assessment process and societal risk appetite defined in AS 2885.1. The SMS review is complemented with a similar periodic review of the location class of the pipeline route, often challenged by ever-changing urban development and encroachment. The location class determines design requirements for pipeline wall thickness, external interference protection measures, depth of cover, fracture control, isolation valve spacing and field signage, and is often difficult to comply with or retrofit to existing operational pipelines. Retrospective requirements also require assessment of highconsequence areas for no-rupture and maximum energy discharge rates. This paper explores the application of the SMS process and the challenges faced by licensees of ageing existing onshore pipelines in complying with AS 2885, and illustrates an array of pragmatic lessons, and the approach taken by the author—in the SMS facilitator role—in assisting licensees to undertake SMS and location class reviews.
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Kapitonova, T. A., G. P. Struchkova, and A. I. Levin. "Assessment of the geocryological risks of the route of the linear part of the underground pipeline laid in permafrost soils." Issues of Risk Analysis 16, no. 4 (September 1, 2019): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2019-16-4-24-31.
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The problem of forecasting and assessing the condition of underground pipelines laid in the cryolithozone is among the most urgent, priority areas of fundamental and applied research, as the violation of their work aff ects the security of the region. The real danger for underground pipelines laid in the cryolithozone is the change in the state of frozen soil around the pipeline, which can lead to uneven subsidence or buckling of the soil and, as a result, to bending and damage to the pipeline. One of the methods of detection and identifi cation of dangerous geocryological processes is geotechnical monitoring, in which the state of the natural and technical system is estimated as a result of various surveys. Geotechnical monitoring materials are heterogeneous, dependent on many factors, interrelated data. As a result of the analysis of literature, statistical data on accidents and failures of similar pipelines, experts ‘ knowledge, the factors (concepts) obtained from the materials of geotechnical monitoring and aff ecting the dynamics of geocryological processes aff ecting the pipeline route were determined. Analysis of such weakly structured data is associated with many diffi culties and can be performed using cognitive modeling methods and technologies. In this paper we consider the evaluation of the probability of activation of geocryological processes in the pipeline section and ranking of pipeline sections according to the degree of danger of geocryological processes using fuzzy logic and geotechnical monitoring data. The proposed model is performed in Fuzzy Logic MATLAB using the Mamdani algorithm. The results show that the proposed model can be used as a tool for the analysis of geocryological risks in the problems of ranking sections of the long-distance trunk pipeline in terms of the degree of danger on permafrost soils.
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Gökkus, ümit. "Computer-aided design of submarine pipelines." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 2 (July 1, 1995): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0109.
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The computerization of pipeline design is relatively important for the engineering feasibility of submarine pipelines. The changing environmental conditions make difficulties for the stability calculation of each pipe segment on line. For this reason, the computer study will provide many advantages during the design of pipeline. The different environmental and functional parameters can be easily tried on line and the most suitable size of structure against the extreme environmental conditions can be determined. This study deals with the general design principles especially including the engineering studies, i.e. wave statistical analysis, transformation of waves, stability analysis, and developed computer program to achieve both the stabilization of pipeline and aid for drawing the route together with user in some stages of the design. Finally, the outline of the program is briefly described and a flow chart is presented.
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Toropov, E. S., S. M. Dorofeev, T. G. Ponomareva, and S. Yu Toropov. "Repair-and-renewal operations of pipelines from the data on their maintenance." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 5 (November 12, 2020): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2020-5-94-103.
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Maintaining of the pipeline system in an operational condition can't be achieved without solving the problem of their protection from internal corrosion as the main factor that leads to numerous accidents. In conditions of limited funding, the creation of scientifically based methods that regulate repair work on difficult areas [1] or those that are not repairable using "classical" methods is a very urgent task. In this way, the use of repair methods without stopping product pumping, in terms of justifying the placement of technological equipment, even more increase the importance of the problem being solved. Research methods are experimental and theoretical character and based on the analysis and processing of statistical data received during the experimental studies of field objects. The result of this work was the creation of a methodology that allows determining the order of repair work on pipelines with different degrees of corrosion damage and its speed on different sections of the route [2]. And as a result, reasonable placement of technological equipment along the pipeline route for in-line pipeline repair, without stopping the pumping of the transported product.
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Redding, J. H. "Route selection for natural gas pipelines in Ireland." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.56.
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AbstractBy the end of 1986, over 400 km of high pressure (70 bar) natural gas pipeline will have been constructed in the Irish Republic, much of it laid in sparsely populated rural areas where topography, hydrology, near surface geology and ground conditions can significantly influence construction feasibility and cost. Identifying, quantifying and (where possible) avoiding areas of potential difficulty or hazard are aspects of route selection to which engineering geology can make an important contribution. This contribution is discussed in relation to the Cork-Dublin pipeline completed in 1982, and the Limerick, Waterford and Mallow lines due for completion this year. In particular, the application and merits of stereo aerial photographic interpretation, superficial geological mapping and field study are outlined, together with the use of more traditional methods of site investigation. Attention is focussed on indigenous engineering geological problems associated with shallow rock, limestone karst, peat bog and poorly drained alluvial and morainic soils. Data acquisition and presentation are discussed within the overall context of civil engineering contract preparation and administration. The usefulness of this approach, particularly for predicting and minimising construction costs, forestalling claims and generally facilitating on-site supervision, is emphasised.
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Medvedeva, O. N., and A. Yu Chilikin. "The Route Selection Method for Natural Gas Pipelines." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1079, no. 4 (March 1, 2021): 042073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1079/4/042073.
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Baioco, Juliana Souza, Mauro Henrique Alves de Lima, Carl Horst Albrecht, Beatriz Souza Leite Pires de Lima, Breno Pinheiro Jacob, and Djalene Maria Rocha. "Optimal Design of Submarine Pipelines by a Genetic Algorithm with Embedded On-Bottom Stability Criteria." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1781758.
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This work describes a computational tool, based on an evolutionary algorithm, for the synthesis and optimization of submarine pipeline routes considering the incorporation of on-bottom stability criteria (OBS). This comprises a breakthrough in the traditional pipeline design methodology, where the definition of a route and the stability calculations had been performed independently: firstly, the route is defined according to geographical-topographical issues (including manual/visual inspection of seabed bathymetry and obstacles); afterwards, stability is verified, and mitigating procedures (such as ballast weight) are specified. This might require several design spirals until a final configuration is reached, or (most commonly) has led to excessive costs for the mitigation of instability problems. The optimization tool evaluates each candidate route by incorporating, as soft and hard constraints, several criteria usually considered in the manual design (pipeline length, bathymetry data, obstacles); also, with the incorporation of OBS criteria into the objective function, stability becomes an integral part of the optimization process, simultaneously handling minimization of length and cost of mitigating procedures. Case studies representative of actual applications are presented. The results show that OBS criteria significantly influences the best route, indicating that the tool can reduce the design time of a pipeline and minimize installation/operational costs.
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M. Kvinikadze, D. Kuparadze, V. Kirakosyan, and D. Pataridze. "GEO-ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF CENTRAL PIPELINE CORRIDORS IN GEORGIA." World Science 1, no. 2(42) (February 28, 2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022019/6347.
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At present, the main pipelines represent the most profitable economic means in terms of transportation, supply and exploitation of energy resources. Since their laying is associated with a change in the natural environment, the ecological study of these corridors is a prerequisite. Geo-ecological study of the main pipelines is divided into three stages. This is the study of the pipeline route, to establish the existing background before the work begins. The second stage is the establishment of environmental impact during the laying of the pipeline. The third step is to monitor the environmental problems encountered during exploitation.The presented article gives a geo-ecological study of the corridors of gas pipelines in the section 1200, 1000 and 700 mm on the Kazbegi-Red Bridge (North-South) section. Carried out works represents the first stage of the study, and we have identified the physical and biological characteristics of the pipeline corridors. It was determined the purity of air, noise, chemical composition of soil, water and vegetation cover, as well as engineering and geological conditions of gas pipeline corridors. The results obtained do not exceed the values of the maximum permissible concentrations adopted in Georgia and in European countries, although Pl, Co, Ni and Cd show increased values directly near the gas pipeline.
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Marinos, V., G. Stoumpos, G. Papathanassiou, N. Grendas, D. Papouli, and C. Papazachos. "LANDSLIDE GEOHAZARD FOR PIPELINES OF NATURAL GAS TRANSPORT." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 2 (July 27, 2017): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11791.
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Landslides represent a significant hazard for pipelines because they can generate permanent ground displacement and tend to result in complete failure or significant leaks, major environmental impacts and long periods of service disruption. Hence, landslide-related incidents are regarded as a significant operational risk. The paper mainly focuses on the assessment of landslide hazard along or across a natural gas pipeline project and on the identification of these hazards, mostly in the field. Whether the “expected” landslide event reaches the Right of Way (RoW) and impacts the pipeline, is influenced by the nature and size of the expected landslide event, controlled by the site geology and geomorphology, the proximity of the existing landslide feature to the pipeline and the position of the pipeline relative to the landslide. Landslide hazard assessment is used to identify “hot spots” along the pipeline route where re-routing or risk reduction measures must be prioritised. When landslides that can threat the pipeline integrity cannot be avoided, more detailed site evaluation is required to support the design and construction of mitigation measures.
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Bayburova, Minsariya, and Zulfiya Ismagilova. "Using the Mathematical Criterion of Gas Pipeline Failure to Determine the Remaining Operation Life." EPJ Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124804021.
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During the years of operation, underground pipelines deteriorate because of aging, wear, damage, and destruction. A comprehensive inspection of the main pipeline revealed various defects on a certain pipeline route section. To identify the remaining operation life of the pipeline, a number of hydraulic tensile strength tests were performed using the cyclic loading method. The authors propose to calculate the minimum allowable wall thickness capable of withstanding the maximum internal pressure, as an alternative to cyclic hydraulic tests. The strength calculations were performed using the well-known mathematical strength criteria proposed by K.V. Zakharov and I.I. Goldenblatt and V.A. Kopnov.
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Amin, Makeen M., Abdul Hadi, and Mohd Fairusham Ghazali. "Leakage Detection in Pipeline Using Synchrosqueeze Wavelet Transform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.467.
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The detection of water leakages in water distribution system has always been a challenge in the water industry as most water pipelines are laid foot underground which are normally unseen to human naked eyes until water starts to flow out from roads and creates puddles. The age in pipelines network is a major problem and the reduction of these has become a major priority for pipeline authorities around the world. This project method are developed based on pressure transient by using single pressure transducer and analyses on newly method of analyzing called synchrosqueeze wavelet transform (SWT) which is viable approach to detect and locate the leak in pipeline system. Transient analyses offer a plausible route towards leak detection due to their robustness and simplicity. The result show that newly developed techniques, SWT appears to improve the ability of the method to identify features in the signal.
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Grigoryan, L. R., and N. M. Bogatov. "NEW TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS IN THE PRACTICE OF OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE OF PIPELINE INSULATION." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 265 (July 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.07.pp.028-034.
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These volumes explore method for the rapid assessment of the insulation resistance of underground pipelines in order to reduce the duration and complexity of route work in the process of electrometric inspection of utilities. The idea of the method is based on the representation of a pipeline in the form of a metal-electrolyte electrochemical system, along the boundary of which a double layer of charged particles is formed, which can be logically represented as an equivalent electrolytic capacitor. This allows you to use the push-pull controlled discharge of the capacitor followed by mathematical processing of the two discharge equations and determine the absolute value of the insulation resistance of the pipeline in almost real time. The work provides a theoretical evaluation of the method and conducts a constructive and technological analysis of its practical implementation. The engineering calculation of the discharge resistance values confirmed the reliability of the proposed method for assessing the insuation resistance of pipelines.
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Grigoryan, L. R., and N. M. Bogatov. "NEW TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS IN THE PRACTICE OF OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE OF PIPELINE INSULATION." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 265 (July 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.07.pp.028-034.
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These volumes explore method for the rapid assessment of the insulation resistance of underground pipelines in order to reduce the duration and complexity of route work in the process of electrometric inspection of utilities. The idea of the method is based on the representation of a pipeline in the form of a metal-electrolyte electrochemical system, along the boundary of which a double layer of charged particles is formed, which can be logically represented as an equivalent electrolytic capacitor. This allows you to use the push-pull controlled discharge of the capacitor followed by mathematical processing of the two discharge equations and determine the absolute value of the insulation resistance of the pipeline in almost real time. The work provides a theoretical evaluation of the method and conducts a constructive and technological analysis of its practical implementation. The engineering calculation of the discharge resistance values confirmed the reliability of the proposed method for assessing the insuation resistance of pipelines.
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Shukla, P. R., and Subash Dhar. "Regional cooperation towards trans‐country natural gas market." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 3, no. 3 (September 11, 2009): 251–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506220910986798.
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PurposeIndia began gas imports since 2004 through liquified natural gas (LNG) route. Imports through trans‐country gas pipelines could help in bringing gas directly into the densely populated Northern part of India, which are far from domestic gas resources as well as coastal LNG terminals. The purpose of this paper is to report scenarios, which quantify the impacts for India of regional cooperation to materialize trans‐country pipelines. The analysis covers time period from 2005 to 2030.Design/methodology/approachThe long‐term energy system model ANSWER‐MARKAL is used for the analysis.FindingsTrans‐country pipelines could deliver direct economic benefit of US$310 billion for the period 2010‐2030. Besides these, there are positive externalities in terms of lower greenhouse gas emissions and improved local environment, and enhanced energy security. However, the benefits are sensitive to global gas prices as higher gas prices would reduce the demand for gas and also the positive externalities from using gas.Practical implicationsTrans‐country pipelines are of great importance to India as they add 0.4 per cent to gross domestic product over the period besides yielding positive environmental externalities and improved energy security.Originality/valueQuantification of benefits from trans‐country pipeline proposals till 2030.
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Arya, Adarsh Kumar. "Optimal operation of a multi-distribution natural gas pipeline grid: an ant colony approach." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 11, no. 10 (August 25, 2021): 3859–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01266-3.
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AbstractThe enormous cost of transporting oil and gas through pipelines and the operational benefits that the industry receives through optimization has incited analysts for decades to find optimization strategies that help pipeline managers operate pipeline grids with the least expense. The paper aims to minimize the pipeline grids' operating costs using an ant colony optimization strategy. The article constructs a multi-objective modeling framework for a natural gas pipeline grid based on data from the French gas pipeline network corporation 'Gaz De France,' using pipeline and compressor hydraulics. The gas pipeline grid comprises seven gas supply nodes and nineteen gas distribution centers. Seven compressor stations provided at various locations on the pipeline route raise the gas pressure. Two competing objectives of reducing fuel usage in compressors and increasing throughput at distribution centers are acknowledged to reduce the pipeline's operating cost. The 'multi-objective ant colony optimization (MOACO)' approach is implemented to the pipeline transportation model to reduce the natural gas pipeline grid's operating cost. The process variables include the amount of gas flowing through the pipe and the pressure at pipe nodes. This method provides the optimum solution for each fuel consumption level on each compressor, and it does so by producing a Pareto front for each of the nineteen gas distribution points. The blueprints of the methodology used and the findings collected intend to guide pipeline managers and select the best of the most preferred solutions.
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Fidan Ismayilova, Fidan Ismayilova. "GRAPHO-ANALYTICAL ANALYSIS OF OIL SPILLS WITH GRAVITY FLOW FROM MULTIPHASE PIPELINES." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 07, no. 03 (May 25, 2021): 04–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0703202104.
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It is important to determine the amount of oil spilled in order to assess the losses and environmental impacts caused by accidents during the operation of oil pipelines. In the article it was proposed a grapho-analytical method based on the analysis of accidental oil spills from pipelines for the correct determination of the amount of hydrocarbons released into the environment in different modes. It has been proved that the assumption that the flow of oil into the environment due to the fact that the atmospheric pressure during the accident is not at the maximum point of the route profile, but at the accident site (hole) is not correct. At present, in normative documents and literature sources, unlike monophasic flows, there are almost no correct methods for estimating and calculating oil and gas spills for multiphase flows. Considering the importance of determining in which part of the pipeline the oil will leak in case of real accidents, the studies were carried out on the basis of the compacted profile of the pipeline. In the article, it was identified oil spills, as well as the fact that the gravity-flow regime is 3-5% of the volume of the pipeline and the conditions under which the complete unloading of the pipeline is possible. Keywords: oil spill, gravity-flow, hydrostatic pressure, vapor pressure, compacted profile, grapho-analytical method.
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Matsiuk, R. A., and V. V. Ulanov. "Study of contact forces in the bearing part of the protective coating of underground pipelines in gravel and cobbles." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126601024.
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In the construction and operation of underground pipelines, the feasibility of engineering methods of protecting the insulation coating from external mechanical impacts should be based on the existing loads. When an underground pipeline is laid on coarse gravel and very coarse soil, the analysis of the support forces at the base of the pipeline is a pressing issue. In particular, the difficult conditions for the construction, reconstruction, repair and operation of underground pipelines include cases when the pipeline route passes through sections of rocky soils. Discrete rocky conditions include large grain content in the form of coarse gravel, cobbles, and boulders. The article analyzes the influence of the size of foundation soil components on the magnitude of force arising in the protective coating of the support part of an underground pipeline depending on the unevenness of the soil and its granulometric composition. One of the directions for studying the distribution of contact-mechanical interaction in granular soils is a discrete model. The distinction of the discrete medium model is that individual elements of its structure are viewed as mechanically interacting bodies. Structural elements are particles of bulk material that can be considered as spheres. The results of modeling the contact problem using the discrete (granular) model of the base of the pipeline are presented. It was found that with the same diameter size and depth of burial, the force varies depending on the pipe diameter chosen in the project (for a pipe of 1420 mm, the maximum difference was 23%). In the case of unevenness of the ground, the force in the supporting part can increase by 3-5 times. The conditions of stability and strength of underground pipelines are formulated taking into account the discreteness of the base particles.
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Marinos, Vassilis, Georgios Stoumpos, and Costas Papazachos. "Landslide Hazard and Risk Assessment for a Natural Gas Pipeline Project: The Case of the Trans Adriatic Pipeline, Albania Section." Geosciences 9, no. 2 (January 28, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9020061.
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The paper focuses on the assessment of landslide hazard and risk along or across the Trans Adriatic Pipeline (TAP) natural gas pipeline project in Albania. TAP is a natural gas pipeline that will transport gas from the Caspian Sea to Europe, crossing Northern Greece and Southern Albania. It has long been recognised that landsliding is a major factor for TAP’s pipeline route selection in mountainous regions, especially the challenging area of central Albania. Experience from similar major pipelines has shown that hazard avoidance is generally the most cost- and time-efficient strategy to minimise the landslide risk since geohazard-related decision-making is usually risk-based. For landslides, the risk profile is expected to be dominated by the upslope expansion of existing landslides, resulting in a loss of ridge crest (where the Right of Way (RoW) is usually located), possibly leading to pipeline rupture. However, it is still possible that new landslides could develop under static and/or seismic conditions, especially on steep ridge flanks along the route. An expert determination approach was adopted to define a consensus for the estimate of the risk (i.e., chance of rupture) for the pipeline at eighty-two (82) identified landslide sites in Albania, to identify “hot spots” along the route, where risk-reduction measures could be prioritised. Ten landslides were characterised as “High Risk”, fifteen as “Medium Risk” and nineteen as “Low Risk”. Following this risk assessment, two large re-routings, as well as several local re-routings, were considered. Further investigation was required to identify the site-specific geotechnical conditions and probable remedial measures in cases where landslides could not be avoided by rerouting.
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Bolonnyi, V. Т. "Modification of Mode Parameters of Main Oil Pipelines under the Condition of Depressurizing." Prospecting and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, no. 1(74) (March 31, 2020): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9973-2020-1(74)-26-35.
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The characteristics of Ukrainian oil transportation system are presented; the emergency risks of Ukrainian oil pipelines are established. The analysis of the accident rate of oil pipeline transportation in Ukraine, Russia and the USA was carried out. The processes of initiation and progression of man-made emergencies in Ukraine during the oil pipelines operation are considered. The article presents the technique of specifying the incidental pressure in a pipeline, depending on the amount of oil loss at the site of oil leaks. It gives an opportunity to calculate the amount of oil loss and to evaluate the environmental hazards caused by oil pipeline transportation emergencies. It is based on the equations of motion and continuity of fluid flow. This technique makes it possible to calculate the pressure at each point of a pipeline in transient mode caused by changes in pressure at the beginning and at the end of the section and the emergence of concentrated oil offtake. It also gives an opportunity to monitor the change in mode parameters along the pipeline under conditions of pipeline depressurization. Maximum discrepancy in calculation results becomes typical when the range of fluctuations is maximal. It has been established that discrepancy increases when the distance from the source of perturbation becomes bigger. The discrepancy in calculation results is practically non-existent for the pressure fluctuations at the point of perturbation start (). Based on the results of calculations, the author constructs a graph of pressure change of the oscillatory process in the oil pipeline caused by the jump in the pressure at the beginning and at the end of the section, and the presence of probable leaks at the certain point of the pipeline route. The line section of the main oil pipelines is the most dangerous part since all emergencies are associated with emergency processes of different intensity in the form of outflow of oil into the environment, and are dangerous because of system breakdowns can take place. Both the process of the generation of the oil pollution zone and its time period depend on the amount of oil leakage, its intensity and depth of the oil pipeline.
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D, Vijayalakshmi, and Kalaivani R. "A STUDY ON FUZZY SHORTEST ROUTE ALGORITHM FOR TELEPHONE LINE CONNECTION." Kongunadu Research Journal 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj66.
Full textAbstract:
In computer science, there are many algorithms that finds a minimum spanning tree for a connected weighted undirected fuzzy graph. The minimum length (or cost) spanning tree problem is one of the nicest and simplest problems in network optimization, and it has a wide variety of applications.The problem is tofind a minimum cost (or length) spanning tree in G. Applications include the design of various types of distribution networks in which the nodes represent cities, centers etc.; and edges represent communication links (fiber glass phone lines, data transmission lines, cable TV lines, etc.), high voltage power transmissionlines, natural gas or crude oil pipelines, water pipelines, highways, etc. The objective is to design a network that connects all the nodes using the minimum length of cable or pipe or other resource.In this paper we find the solution to the problem is to minimize the amount of new telephone line connection using matrix algorithm with fuzzy graph.
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Velikotskij, Michael A., and Vadim P. Marakhtanov. "Corrosion Of The Gas Pipelines Of The Field Medvezhiye In The Different Landscape Types." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, no. 3 (October 2, 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2019-80.
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A forecast of the corrosion activity within different landscapes of the cryolithozone is poorly studied previously. This study represent a close correlation between the proportion of corroded sections of the gas pipeline route of the gas field Medvezhye (the North of Western Siberia, Russia) and the deviation of the redox potential of soils (ΔEh) depending on the specific landscape types (tract groups). Our study revealed that the maximum value of the standard deviation of the redox potential (ΔEh) predetermines the maximum currents of the differential pairs aeration of soils that activate electrochemical corrosion processes in pipelines. The value of ΔEh is proposed to use as the main indicator of the activity of corrosion of the landscape types in the permafrost region.
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Windarto, Agus Perdana, and Sudirman Sudirman. "Penerapan Algoritma Semut Dalam Penentuan Distribusi Jalur Pipa Pengolahan Air Bersih." JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS 8, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.21456/vol8iss2pp123-132.
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In general, the shortest path search can be divided into two methods, namely conventional methods and heuristic methods. Conventional methods tend to be more easily understood than heuristic methods, but when compared to the results obtained, heuristic methods are more varied and the time required for calculation is shorter. In the heuristic method there are several algorithms, one of which is the ant algorithm. An ant algorithm is an algorithm that is adopted from the behavior of ant colonies. Naturally ant colonies are able to find the shortest route on the way from the nest to the food sources. Ant colonies can find the shortest route between the nest and the source of food based on footprints on the trajectory that has been passed. The more ants that pass through a path, the more obvious the footprints will be. Ants Algorithms are very appropriate to be applied in solving optimization problems, one of which is to determine the shortest path. This study aims to facilitate the Development of Drinking Water Treatment Performance to make decisions in determining the point where the installation of water distribution pipelines that will be distributed to residents' homes. This study took 8 points of clean water treatment pipeline with starting point A and point N. Based on the calculation of clean water pipeline between A and N by using ant algortima, from two cycles passed, it is proven that the shortest path is only one pipeline, pipe N as destination with route length 4 as V1 → V2 → V3 → V4 → V8.
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Windarto, Agus Perdana, and Sudirman Sudirman. "Penerapan Algoritma Semut Dalam Penentuan Distribusi Jalur Pipa Pengolahan Air Bersih." JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS 8, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21456/vol8iss2pp9-18.
Full textAbstract:
In general, the shortest path search can be divided into two methods, namely conventional methods and heuristic methods. Conventional methods tend to be more easily understood than heuristic methods, but when compared to the results obtained, heuristic methods are more varied and the time required for calculation is shorter. In the heuristic method there are several algorithms, one of which is the ant algorithm. An ant algorithm is an algorithm that is adopted from the behavior of ant colonies. Naturally ant colonies are able to find the shortest route on the way from the nest to the food sources. Ant colonies can find the shortest route between the nest and the source of food based on footprints on the trajectory that has been passed. The more ants that pass through a path, the more obvious the footprints will be. Ants Algorithms are very appropriate to be applied in solving optimization problems, one of which is to determine the shortest path. This study aims to facilitate the Development of Drinking Water Treatment Performance to make decisions in determining the point where the installation of water distribution pipelines that will be distributed to residents' homes. This study took 8 points of clean water treatment pipeline with starting point A and point N. Based on the calculation of clean water pipeline between A and N by using ant algortima, from two cycles passed, it is proven that the shortest path is only one pipeline, pipe N as destination with route length 4 as V1 → V2 → V3 → V4 → V8.
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Matsiuk, R. A. "Research of conditions of supporting underground pipeline and loads on protective coating." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 4 (September 22, 2019): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2019-4-130-139.
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During the construction and operation of underground pipelines, there is a need to develop projects for the engineering protection of insulation coatings from the mechanical effects of coarse soil. The task is most relevant with significant variability of the laying conditions along the length of the route. In particular, the difficult laying conditions include the passage of the route in the areas of distribution of rocky, gravelly and permafrost soils. The appropriateness of applying the methods of engineering protection of the insulation coating from mechanical stress should be justified both economically and in terms of technical and operational indicators. Therefore, the task of analyzing the conditions of support of the underground pipeline and the study of the created forces in the supporting part of the pipeline is very relevant and characterized by insufficient knowledge. The article analyzes the effect of bedding soil and backfill on the amount of force arising in the protective coating of the supporting part of the pipeline in the presence of unevenness of the base and its particle size distribution. The results of modeling the contact problem using models of a discrete (granular) medium at the base of the pipeline are presented. The wall thickness of the pipes affects the change in created force in the supporting part of the pipeline (for pipes are 1 420 mm the maximum difference is 22 %). In the presence of unevenness of the base, the force in the supporting part can increase by 3–5 times.
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Xinjing, Huang, Chen Guanren, Zhang Yu, Li Jian, Xu Tianshu, and Chen Shili. "Inversion of magnetic fields inside pipelines: Modeling, validations, and applications." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921716684563.
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Spherical detector is a novel and promising approach for pipeline inspections with high signal-to-noise ratio and low risk of blockage. As the magnetic signals are recorded in a rotating frame by the rolling spherical detector, it is difficult to directly deploy the raw periodic signals for magnetic inspections, such as pipeline orientation calculations and the identifications of girth welds, turning points, and other pipe features. Against this backdrop, a magnetic inversion approach for transforming the measured magnetic signals from the rotating sensor frame into the stationary pipe frame is developed and demonstrated both analytically and experimentally. By comparing the transformed values with that measured by a sensor moving on a straight route, the inversion approach is proven to hold for an arbitrary fixed rotation axis, with the average and maximum errors mostly less than 1 and 2 µT, respectively. Field experiments demonstrate that the magnetic inversion can expose and enhance hidden or imperceptible magnetic anomalies and pipeline turning points and improve pipeline route calculation accuracy via secondary alignments. The results will promote the spherical detector to play a greater role in pipeline inspections.
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Kaufman, Asher. "BETWEEN PERMEABLE AND SEALED BORDERS: THE TRANS-ARABIAN PIPELINE AND THE ARAB–ISRAELI CONFLICT." International Journal of Middle East Studies 46, no. 1 (February 2014): 95–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074381300130x.
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AbstractThe Trans-Arabian Pipeline (Tapline), which extended from Dhahran in Saudi Arabia to Zahrani in Lebanon and operated from 1950 to 1982, was haunted by the Arab–Israeli conflict throughout the years of its operation. The route of the pipeline—which traversed Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon—was chosen so as to circumvent Palestine/Israel. However, following the Israeli occupation of the Golan Heights in the 1967 war, Israel became an active participant in this project, with the full consent of the transit states and Egypt. This article uses Tapline as a means to analyze the interconnected world facilitated by oil pipelines, which defies common wisdom about state sovereignty or the function of interstate boundaries. In addition, Tapline demonstrates how this interconnected network created possibilities for Arab–Israeli cooperation that might have seemed inconceivable initially, given the hostile dynamics of the conflict.
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Rauf Huseynli, Rauf Huseynli. "PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPRESSOR STATION." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 06, no. 02 (April 9, 2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei0602202153.
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All work on the construction of pumping and compressor stations is usually divided into two groups of zero cycle work and ground cycle work. The work of the zero cycle includes the preparation of the construction site, earthworks, work on the construction of foundations for buildings, pumping units and technological equipment, work on the construction of underground pipelines and utilities. The work of the ground cycle includes work on the construction of buildings for pumping and compressor shops and auxiliary buildings, installation work on installation and fixing on the foundations in the design position of pumping units. Compressor stations (CS) have been installed along the pipeline route to maintain a certain flow rate of the transported gas and to ensure optimal pressure in the pipeline. A modern compressor station is a complex engineering structure that provides the basic technological processes for the preparation and transportation of natural gas. Keywords: compressor stations, gas pipeline, building structure, Booster compressor stations.
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Huseynli, E. I. "ABOUT LIDAR USE FOR RESEARCH OF LITHOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION MAIN PIPELINES ROUTE." Problems of Gathering, Treatment and Transportation of Oil and Oil Products, no. 4 (August 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2019-4-95-103.
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D, Vijayalakshmi, and Kalaivani R. "FUZZY SHORTEST ROUTE ALGORITHM FOR TELEPHONE LINE CONNECTION USING THE LC-MST ALGORITHM." Kongunadu Research Journal 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj93.
Full textAbstract:
In computer science, there are many algorithms that finds a minimum spanning tree for a connected weighted undirected fuzzy graph. The minimum length (or cost) spanning tree problem is one of the nicest and simplest problems in network optimization, and it has a wide variety of applications. The problem is tofind a minimum cost (or length) spanning tree in G. Applications include the design of various types of distribution networks in which the nodes represent cities, centers etc.; and edges represent communication links (fiber glass phone lines, data transmission lines, cable TV lines, etc.), high voltage power transmissionlines, natural gas or crude oil pipelines, water pipelines, highways, etc. The objective is to design a network that connects all the nodes using the minimum length of cable or pipe or other resource in this paper we find the solution to the problem is to minimize the amount of new telephone line connection using matrixalgorithm with fuzzy graph.
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Sal'va, Andrei Mikhailovich. "Engineering and geological features of the soil section of the main water pipeline route in Central Yakutia." Арктика и Антарктика, no. 1 (January 2020): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8922.2020.1.32055.
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The object of this study is the permafrost soils of the section of the route of the main water pipeline «Tabaga-Byuteidyakh» in rural areas of Central Yakutia, spanning approximately 28 kilometers. Permafrost soils are widely developed in the Southeastern part of Central Yakutia, and are located on the Leno-Amginsky interfluve. They lie in the upper part of the geological section and are underlying on the lane of the main water pipeline route, as well as fall into the foundations of engineering structures of industrial facilities and hydraulic engineering construction. The study is based on a complex of field engineering and geological surveys, as well as laboratory studies of the physical and mechanical properties of rocks. The article discusses the features of the composition, structure and properties of rocks in this area. It is noted that among the considered soils, there is a variety of granulometric types, cryogenic texture from massive to layered, with clay soils usually of higher ice content than sandy ones. Technogenic loads are also mentioned in the form of objects of the main water supply system, consisting of pumping stations, pipelines, reservoirs and channels, which lead to significant changes in the geocryological environment and surrounding landscapes.
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Niu, Wentie, Haiteng Sui, Yaxiao Niu, Kunhai Cai, and Weiguo Gao. "Ship Pipe Routing Design Using NSGA-II and Coevolutionary Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7912863.
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Pipe route design plays a prominent role in ship design. Due to the complex configuration in layout space with numerous pipelines, diverse design constraints, and obstacles, it is a complicated and time-consuming process to obtain the optimal route of ship pipes. In this article, an optimized design method for branch pipe routing is proposed to improve design efficiency and to reduce human errors. By simplifying equipment and ship hull models and dividing workspace into three-dimensional grid cells, the mathematic model of layout space is constructed. Based on the proposed concept of pipe grading method, the optimization model of pipe routing is established. Then an optimization procedure is presented to deal with pipe route planning problem by combining maze algorithm (MA), nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), and cooperative coevolutionary nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (CCNSGA-II). To improve the performance in genetic algorithm procedure, a fixed-length encoding method is presented based on improved maze algorithm and adaptive region strategy. Fuzzy set theory is employed to extract the best compromise pipeline from Pareto optimal solutions. Simulation test of branch pipe and design optimization of a fuel piping system were carried out to illustrate the design optimization procedure in detail and to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
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Eminov, R. A., and E. I. Huseynli. "LASER SCANNING OPTIMIZATION TO DETERMINE THE ROUTE OF LAYING OIL AND GAS PIPELINES." Problems of Gathering, Treatment and Transportation of Oil and Oil Products, no. 2 (May 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2019-2-91-96.
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Neganov, D. A., N. G. Goncharov, A. A. Yushin, and O. I. Kolesnikov. "Thermal processing of pipelines welding joints on the route and in factory conditions." Neftyanoe khozyaystvo - Oil Industry, no. 9 (2018): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2018-9-134-137.
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Augustijn, Ries, João Gonçalves, and Joost Haaksman. "Cost-effective ultrasonic inspection of large diameter pipelines." Pipeline Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (May 31, 2020): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2514-541x-2020-4-2-108-116.
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To be successful in the ILI business, organization require the right mix of technological capabilities, operational agility and quality standards. The business is fairly competitive, and often technological capabilities are pivotal in the customer proposition of the company. However, the best technologies are not solely required for successful ILI companies. Robustness of the system, operability by the ILI inspector, fitness of the product with commercial route to the market all contribute to a rapid return on investment. Providing a robust, versatile, high-resolution and cost-effective method to inspect large diameter pipelines was recognized as a challenge and opportunity. For that, a Large Diameter Ultrasonic Inspection tool capable of inspecting pipelines of 20 inch to 64 inch with high resolution was developed. The tool is always bi-directional and capable of mitigating 1.5D bends. Gathered data can be reviewed real-time during the inspection. The operating envelope of the tool is such that it can cope with various products in the pipeline, varying from (high salinity) water, crude oil and a multitude of refined products. Despite the fact that product properties (e.g. speed of sound, attenuation, temperature, etc) vary, the tool is designed such that this is not a limiting factor for the operating envelope. The application of advanced ultrasonic beam forming methodologies and signal generation and -processing ensure that the system is versatile and robust for these types of real-life operating conditions. This presentation will provide an overview of the utilization of these technologies, the validation program that has been used to demonstrate tool specifications and the experiences gained at successful projects.
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Chupin, Viktor R., and Denis I. Maisel. "Management of development and conservation of oil and gas fields." E3S Web of Conferences 219 (2020): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021902002.
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The purpose of the work is to develop a methodology for managing the development and conservation of fields of field gas-oil pipelines. The analysis showed that the solution of this problem is not paid attention, both on the part of designers and specialists in the automation of design solutions. Although this is one of the most important design problems, on the solution of which the rationality of capital investments depends, the optimality of subsequent periods of operation. Traditionally, this operation is performed manually. The designer, using his experience and intuition, outlines several alternative options, which are then evaluated automatically, including for reliability, hydraulic stability and operational controllability (for example, using the OLGA software package). Methods. For optimal control of these processes, a methodology for indicative and adaptive management of the development and conservation of the field is proposed, which allows taking into account the uncertainties that arise in the future stages of the field operation. At each stage of this technique, it is proposed to carry out a comprehensive optimization of the main field pipelines and use the technique of redundant design schemes with the solution of circuit-structural and circuit-parametric optimization problems, including the stages of conservation of deposits. The numerical experiments carried out have confirmed the high computational and economic efficiency of the proposed approach and method. Conclusions. The proposed method and its software implementation are an effective computational tool for justifying the route and parameters at all stages of management of the development and conservation of field gas-oil pipelines and is recommended for use in the practice of designing the corresponding pipeline systems.
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Adi Jatmoko, Faisal, and Eny Kusrini. "Analysis of CO2 transmission pipelines for CO2 enhanced oil recovery networks: gas field X to oil field Y." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186704009.
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The aim of this study is to analyze the CO2 transmission pipeline from gas field X to oil field Y by comparing alternative routes, CO2 phases, design parameters, equipment used and economic aspects, with the objective of identifying the most efficient transmission system. The 100 MSCFD of CO2 that is normally removed from gas field X will be used and transmitted to oil field Y for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). CO2 can be transported in three phases - gas, fluid or dense vapour. Because of the corrosive properties of CO2 when in contact with water, materials with high corrosion resistance, such stainless steel or reinforced carbon, should be used. Stainless steel is commonly used for the transport of corrosive fluids such as CO2 but is expensive, while the least expensive material commonly used is reinforced fibre; however, this material has low strength at high pressure. On the other hand, while carbon steel is known for its high strength and durability it has poor resistance to corrosion. Therefore, the selection of materials for pipeline construction and the design parameters applied will be studied here to determine the best option for CO2 transmission. For comparison, two alternative routes, one with existing rights of way (the ROW route) and one all-new route, will be compared with each other. Then, CO2 phase transmission will be compared for liquid, gas and dense vapour phases, together with the design parameters applied and required equipment. Pipe diameter will be calculated along with pipe wall thickness and other requirements of parameter design for transmission of CO2. Economic analysis will then be performed for each scenario to ascertain the minimum cost while still meeting necessary technical requirements. Capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX) and other variables will be investigated and analyzed using sensitivity testing to determine the influence of each component variation on each CO2 transmission pipeline. From the analysis applied to each scenario the optimal pipeline transmission scenarios in terms of design and cost to meet the CO2 enhanced oil-recoverynetwork needs for gas field X to oil field Y will be obtained.
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Kudriavtcev, Sergei, and Viacheslav Kovshun. "The investigation of load-bearing capacity of soil base for oil pipeline depending on local geocryological conditions." MATEC Web of Conferences 265 (2019): 02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926502019.
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Weak thawing soils around the metal piles pose the main danger when constructing oil pipelines or other engineering structures located in the cryolithozone. The occurrence of ice inside soil causes thermokarst dips and settlement while thawing. High-precision calculations of the load-bearing capacity of soils and accurate forecasts of the amount of thawing in summer are necessary for improving the reliability of engineering structures. Thermopiles are used to prevent thawing of soils around piles and thermally stabilize the permafrost condition. In this article, one of such decisions is considered on the example of oil pipeline along «Kuyumba – Taishet Kozmino» route in Russia. There are permafrost and deformations of the soil body in the base of oil pipeline. The proposed method implies the joint operation of holding soils in frozen state with help of season-cooling devices or thermopiles. It was concluded that special geotechnical engineering for permafrost projects is necessary to avoid the main problems. In order to achieve the goals of the present investigation, the geotechnical software complex «FEM-models» with «Termoground» was used.
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Struk, A. B., M. I. Vaskovskyi, I. P. Shatskyi, and M. V. Makoviichuk. "STATIC STRAINING AND LONGITUDINAL OSCILLATIONS OF UNDERGROUND PIPELINE BUILT ON BLOCK FOUNDATION." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Number, no. 1(59) (January 28, 2021): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2020-1(59)-123-133.
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The article considers the issues of forecasting the strength of underground pipelines, which are operated on seismically active sections of the route, composed of relatively rigid mobile blocks. According to the literature, the problems of the influence of the interaction of base faults on the stress state of the pipeline have not been studied to date. The aim of the work is to develop a model for the analysis of abnormal stresses in the underground pipeline on a damaged basis caused by static or time-harmonious mutual movement of its blocks along the axis of the pipe in the presence of several faults. Boundary value problems for differential equations of static tensile-compression and steady-state longitudinal oscillations of a tubular rod with discontinuous right-hand sides are formulated. Based on the analytical solutions of these problems for the cases of antisymmetric and symmetric displacement of the foundation blocks, the distributions of axial displacement and equivalent stress in the pipe, depending on the distance between faults and the frequency of forced oscillations, are investigated.
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Kumar Dey, PROF Prashant. "Quantitative Decision Making: A Case of Route Selection for Laying Cross Country Petroleum Pipelines." Paradigm 3, no. 1 (January 1999): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971890719990117.
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Surikov, Vitaly I., Eduard R. Ibragimov, and Alexey Y. Gunar. "Technique of route selection and technical solutions for main pipelines laying in permafrost areas." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2018-8-3-254-263.
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