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Journal articles on the topic 'Route surveying'
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Morgan, Kenneth. "Navigating the Great Barrier Reef: The Inner and Outer Routes, 1815-1860." International Journal of Maritime History 33, no. 1 (March 2021): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871421991164.
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This article examines naval surveying voyages undertaken between 1815 and 1860 by Phillip Parker King, Francis Price Blackwood, Owen Stanley and Henry Mangles Denham to discuss the improvements to the navigation of the Inner and Outer shipping routes along the Great Barrier Reef. The Inner Route lay between Australia’s east coast and the western edge of the reefs while the Outer Route was situated in open sea beyond the eastern edge of the reefs. These were some of the most dangerous waters for ships in the Pacific off Australia’s east coast. The article analyses the improvements to both routes resulting from the surveying of the naval commanders referred to above; it explains why the choice between the Inner and Outer routes was difficult to make; and it shows that the Outer Route was increasingly favoured by merchant vessels.
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Uspeneva, Marina G., and Andrej M. Astapov. "APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS FOR SURVEYING OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-1-1-50-63.
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During the construction of oil and gas pipelines, a complex of engineering and geodetic works is necessary to ensure the geometric parameters of the designed routes during their laying. Therefore, the development of new methods for performing engineering and geodetic works for tracing linear structures using modern instruments is an urgent task. The purpose of this research is to analyze the modern methodology for the implementation of engineering and geodetic works for surveying and construction of the gas pipeline. The object of surveying is the route of the main gas pipeline «Aikhal-Udachny». The approbation of the methodology for performing engineering and geodetic works surveying for the «Aikhal-Udachny» gas pipeline was carried out and an analysis of the results was given.
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Desa, Hazry, Mohd Azizi Azizan, Safwan Suhaimi, Zulaiha Ramli, Mohamad Syafiq Abdul Khadir, and Zainuddin Hat. "Feasibility Study of UAV Implementation In Route Surveying." Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics 24 (January 10, 2019): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5954/icarob.2019.gs5-8.
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Randi, Judy. "Final Choices: Surveying Career Options." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 119, no. 14 (November 2017): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811711901403.
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This article follows the 25 exemplar elementary, secondary English, and math teachers prepared in New Jersey's alternate route program (AR) or college-based programs (CB) through their 11th year. The article examines retention and attrition patterns, including moving from school to school or to education-related positions outside of K–12 classroom settings. The article presents data on teachers’ reasons for staying or leaving, including their career aspirations. The article concludes with a discussion of the findings and the implications for teacher education.
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Jaferi, Fatemeh, and Seyed Mojtaba Sajadi. "Finding the shortest route surveying through proposed genetic algorithm." International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management 16, no. 4 (2015): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpqm.2015.072416.
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Cao, Xian Ge, Jin Ling Yang, Xiang Lai Meng, and Wei Cheng Zhang. "Subway Tunnel Cross-Section Surveying Based on Ground 3D Laser Scanning Data." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.296.
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Afterthe construction of subway main structure, in order to realize route adjustmentof alignment and gradient, it needs to survey the cross-section of subwaytunnel. Compared with conventional measuring methods, 3D laser scanning has thecharacteristics of non-contact measurement and can collect space 3D point clouddata with high density, this can improve the working efficiency for the subwaycross-section surveying. Based on the Leica Scanstation 2 scanners this paperanalyzed the 3D laser scanning point cloud data collection procedures and dataprocessing, expounded the subway cross-section surveying method based on pointcloud data; analyzed the feasibility of 3D laser scanning technology in theapplication of tunnel cross-section surveying based on the field validationdata. The results show that the cross-section measured by this method can meetthe technical requirements of route adjustment of alignment and gradient.
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Busby, Roswell F. "Ocean Surveying from Manned Submersibles." Marine Technology Society Journal 40, no. 2 (May 1, 2006): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533206787353358.
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The performance of the bathyscaphes and second generation manned submersibles has generated considerable speculation concerning the merits of these platforms as undersea surveying tools. Although a wide variety of tasks have been successfully performed, the manned submersible is still too new a tool to have firmly established its role in oceanographic/engineering surveys. Undersea navigation, launch/retrieval methods and surveying sensors designed for submersible use are, in the main, unsatisfactory, but their development is being pursued. Preliminary observations indicate that the following surveying missions could benefit most highly through employment of a Deep Ocean Survey Vehicle, (DOSV): (1) Site Surveys of small ocean bottom areas for installation of hardware or habitats; (2) Bottom Truth Surveys of representative areas for verification of surface-obtained data; (3) Route Selection Surveys of prospective cable or pipeline routes; (4) Biological Surveys for quantitative and qualitative assessment of marine biota; and (5) Geological Surveys of bottom sediments, structures and depositional/erosional processes. Although little, if any, ocean surveying per se has been performed from submersibles, sufficient observations exist to indicate that surface-conducted surveying may produce an erroneous impression of the bottom and near-bottom environment. Wide beam (60° cone) echo-sounding in the Bahamas completely missed 3 to 150 meter (10-500 ft.) high near-vertical cliffs and outcrops which have been observed from submersibles. Near-bottom current speeds have been observed to vary from essentially zero to 20 cm/sec (0.5 kns.) within a lateral distance of less than 1 meter. Zonation of currents along the bottom was observed in the Straits of Florida which would have been virtually impossible to observe and interpret with conventional measuring techniques. Abrupt changes in bottom sediment grain sizes have been observed which would lead to erroneous impressions if sampled from the surface. Preliminary tests have indicated that sediment bearing strengths measured from surface-collected cores may be in error by several orders of magnitude from measurements taken by manned submersibles in situ.
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Weis, Claude, Matthias Kowald, Antonin Danalet, Basil Schmid, Milenko Vrtic, Kay W. Axhausen, and Nicole Mathys. "Surveying and analysing mode and route choices in Switzerland 2010–2015." Travel Behaviour and Society 22 (January 2021): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2020.08.001.
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Yang, Jiachen, Tianlei Ni, Lin Liu, Jiabao Wen, Jingyi He, and Zhengjian Li. "The Sea Route Planning for Survey Vessel Intelligently Navigating to the Survey Lines." Sensors 22, no. 2 (January 9, 2022): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020482.
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Marine surveying is an important part of marine environment monitoring systems. In order to improve the accuracy of marine surveying and reduce investment in artificial stations, it is necessary to use high-precision GNSS for shipborne navigation measurements. The basic measurement is based on the survey lines that are already planned by surveyors. In response to the needs of survey vessels sailing to the survey line, a method framework for the shortest route planning is proposed. Then an intelligent navigation system for survey vessels is established, which can be applied to online navigation of survey vessels. The essence of the framework is that the vessel can travel along the shortest route to the designated survey line under the limitation of its own minimum turning radius. Comparison and analysis of experiments show that the framework achieves better optimization. The experimental results show that our proposed method can enable the vessel to sail along a shorter path and reach the starting point of the survey line at the specified angle.
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Mustafa M Amami, Ali M El-Turki, Asim I Rustum, Ibrahim M El-Amaari, and Tariq A Jabir. "Topographic Surveying using Low-Cost Amateur Drones & 4K Ultra-High-Definition Videos." Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 072–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2022.4.2.0040.
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These days, the science of photogrammetry is frequently used in a wide range of applications, including engineering geology, medication, security, navigation, and topographic surveying works. Drones have gradually become an effectual and frequent technique for obtaining a number of photogrammetric products, such as ortho-mosaics, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and land detailed topographic maps. This paper investigates the possibility of employing low-cost amateur drones with 4K Ultra-High-Definition (UHD) video for topographic surveying works and creating DEM's. DJI Mavic 2 PRO drone with Hasselblad L1D-20C 20 MP camera has been used for covering an expected gas & oil pipeline route in the South of Libya with length of nearly 15 km and width of 200 m. 60 well-distributed high-quality 3D ground points, divided as 30 Ground Control Points (GCP's) and 30 check points, have been used for more stable and robust photogrammetric processing and for reliable evaluation, respectively. The camera has been calibrated twice, before and after executing the flight mission for trustworthy Interior Orientation Elements (IOE's). The recorded video has been split into smaller videos based on the capturing time of the required frames, and the small videos have been extracted to individual UHD photos using Matlab image tools. Leica Photogrammetric Suite (LPS) software has been used for all processing steps, except the automatic filtration of the generated tie points, which has been carried out using self-developed Matlab algorithm for epipolar geometry and 2D transformation based filters. Results show that DEM's with quality of nearly 1.2 to 2 decimeter in plane and elevation, respectively can be obtained using DJI Mavic 2 PRO drone, 4K UHD video taken by Hasselblad L1D-20C 20 MP camera, pixel ground footprint of 8 cm, and flight height of 350 m. This level of accuracy is appropriate for many engineering applications, such as initial-planning projects stretched on huge areas, urban development plans, GIS data collection, inventory of earth works materials, and 3D modeling. The obtained quality of the generated DEM depends on the flight height and the camera quality, IOE's, and resolution. Tests show that using 4K UHD video for photogrammetric applications can provide UHD extracted frames, similar to that captured singly, especially with fit flight speed and camera settings, namely: ISO sensitivity, shatter speed, and aperture size. Also, using video facilitates the aerial photography process, overcoming the difficulties of determining the suitable capturing time and location of individual photos in site. The other advantage is the ability of taking alternative frames if the selected images are not suitable for photogrammetric works in terms of tilting and blurring. The opportunity of changing the overlapping rates across the route is another important advantage of using video, especially for curvy routes. Moreover, using different groups of overlapped images for the same route helps for creating different DEM's for the same area, resulting more precise and dense topographic surveying works.
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Pannara, Tanaporn, and Karuna Raksawin. "The physical factors comparison on running-bicycle route in Chiangmai." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 4, no. 11 (July 14, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1718.
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This research focus on the recreation route around Chiang Mai International Exhibition and Convention Centre – 700th anniversary Chiangmai Stadium - Huay Tung Tao Lake. The main question is how to develop this route to support people's activities. The results from 400 users show that the users use the trail for other purposes beyond the primary intention, exercising such as recreation, transportation, travel. It can reveal that the need for two different types of users will make the future development of the route concerns more about multi-dimension along with exercise.Keywords: bicycle route; running route; 700th Chiangmai Anniversary Stadium; route environmental factoreISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1718
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Shavyraa, Ch D. "RESULTS OF PASSENGER RESOURCES EXAMINATIONS IN KYZYL CITY OF THE TYVA REPUBLIC." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 15, no. 5 (November 11, 2018): 718–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2018-5-718-724.
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Introduction.The paper considers the results of surveys taking into account the efficiency increase of passenger traffic in a small town. The need to regulate the work of carriers of various ownership forms, taking into account the characteristics of urban routes, determines the relevance of the research in this area. Therefore, the purpose of the survey is to clarify the total size of the movement of the zones and the city as a whole for the further projects’ development of the road network planning and for the passenger traffic development.Materials and methods.The paper considers alternatives to passenger surveys, i.e. application of the most optimal variants of the transportation plan. The characteristics of the route and load on the routes of Kyzyl are also illustrated. The author uses the methodology of surveying the population transport needs in a small town, in particular, the counting of passengers.Results.As a result, the author conducts the survey of passenger traffic, taking into account the city specific. The characteristics of the route and the load on the routes of Kyzyl are studied. It is important to use the methodology of the transport needs and transport services for population in a small town.Discussion and conclusions. On the basis of the conducted surveys of passenger traffic, the average hourly volume of transportation on routes is revealed and the unevenness of traffic volume is calculated.
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Zahorianskyi, Volodymy. "Application of Statistical Methods of Scientific Researches in the Surveying of Passengers Flows of Urban Road Transport." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 2, no. 6(37) (2022): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2022.6(37).2.82-89.
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The purpose of the paper is to propose scientific and methodological approaches to the generalization of passenger flow survey methods, the formation of the route transport network of the city, the calculation of the required type and number of rolling stock of passenger road transport, the formation of a list of preferential routes. The paper examines applied aspects of the application of the theory of urban passenger transportation in relation to transportation by means of passenger road transport of the city (PRTC). The main concepts of the theory of urban passenger transport and the issue of interaction between urban passenger transport and the city being served are analyzed on the basis of system concepts. An analysis of the main factors that affect the quality of planning, control and regulation of passenger road transport in the transport systems of cities has been carried out. Aspects of the theory of urban transport systems and design calculations of passenger transport by road are also considered. The research was carried out by the formation of new scientific and methodological approaches and scientific argumentation proposed on the basis of numerous works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of passenger transportation organization. Research method are mathematical statistics and modeling. The solution to the tasks of urban transport service is divided into two main complexes: the design of urban transport systems, and the organization of urban transport traffic. To form an optimal or rational route network, as well as to effectively use rolling stock and ensure a high level of passenger service, it is necessary to know the directions, sizes and degree of unevenness of passenger flows, the specific values of which are established during certain surveys. When surveying passenger flows, it is necessary to obtain reliable data in order to use them in solving problems of improving the quality of passenger service. But when choosing a survey method, it is necessary to take into account the complexity of the method and the costs of its implementation.
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Shukina, Olga, Azizjon Ruziev, and Mansur Ergashev. "Use of UAV Geoscan 201 for surveying a linear object of the Khiva–Urgench highway." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 1 (2022): 430–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-430-440.
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The aim of this work is to perform a linear aerial survey of the Khiva–Urgench highway using the Geoscan 210 UAV, the results of which will create orthophotomaps at a scale of 1:1 000, which are necessary for designing bicycle and sidewalk paths along this route. Surveyors of the Applied Geodesy Department of UZGASHKLITI performed a field planned-altitude reference at this object. 48 control points were determined. Characteristic solid contours along the route were chosen as reference points. The binding of control points was carried out from the starting points of the State Geodetic Networks, using satellite receivers (SN 5242498595, 5243499034, 4827155394) in the RTK mode in a radial way, by the calibration method on the ground. The coverage area was 17.4 sq. km. Aerial photography was carried out at a height of 211 m by a Geoscan 201 unmanned aerial vehicle at a scale of 1:500 with a DSC RXIR digital camera with a focal length of 35 mm. Forward overlap of aerial photographs was 70 %, and lateral—50 %. 4 aerial routes were made at this facility, the photography basis was 42 m. The number of aerial photographs at the facility was 3 868 pieces, and the coverage of aerial photography was 300 m. The images and their EXIF files were georeferenced by performing field processing using the Geoscan Planner program. Before the start of field work, the GNSS receiver (Trimble R6) was installed at a known point on the ground and started in static mode (10 Hz). The aircraft has a GNSS receiver (Topcon) operating in fast static mode (10 Hz). The GNSS data on the ground and on board the aircraft are balanced. Image center coordinates are calculated from the base station GNSS receiver data using MAGNET Tools software. Then the data is imported into Agisoft Metashape software for automatic processing. In this case, the coordinates of the image centers were recalculated from the WGS-84 system into the SK-42 (Pulkovo 1942) system adopted in our country. The process of optimization and alignment of aerial photographs was carried out. After that, in order to obtain a high image quality, the orthophoto map was built using a height map built on the basis of a dense point cloud. The result of the work performed are orthophoto maps for the Khiva–Urgench highway, which will be used to design the location of bicycle and sidewalk paths.
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Keymanesh, Mahmoudreza, Hasan Ziari, Samira Roudini, and Ali Nasrollahtabar Ahangar. "Identification and Prioritization of “Black Spots” without Using Accident Information." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1832654.
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It is attempted to identify and prioritize the accident prone points (black spots) in “Iraanshahr-Sarbaaz-Chabahar” road located in Baluchistan, Iran, without no use of accident data but rather using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is the enhanced procedure of road safety audit technique. First, by surveying the whole route, all factors that could influence accidents in this road were specified; then the route was divided into eight sections; this division was performed based on the uniformity and homogeny of each section in terms of geometric design and regional conditions. In each section, potentially hazardous locations were identified and some questionnaires were prepared, which were filled by 5 road traffic experts familiar with the route; then the collected data were analyzed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) using Expert Choice Software and the black spots were identified and prioritized. Finally, these black spots were compared with the black spots that had been obtained by traffic police based on accident data.
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Jamali, Ali, Alias Abdul Rahman, and Pawel Boguslawski. "A Hybrid 3D Indoor Space Model." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W1 (October 26, 2016): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w1-75-2016.
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GIS integrates spatial information and spatial analysis. An important example of such integration is for emergency response which requires route planning inside and outside of a building. Route planning requires detailed information related to indoor and outdoor environment. Indoor navigation network models including Geometric Network Model (GNM), Navigable Space Model, sub-division model and regular-grid model lack indoor data sources and abstraction methods. In this paper, a hybrid indoor space model is proposed. In the proposed method, 3D modeling of indoor navigation network is based on surveying control points and it is less dependent on the 3D geometrical building model. This research proposes a method of indoor space modeling for the buildings which do not have proper 2D/3D geometrical models or they lack semantic or topological information. The proposed hybrid model consists of topological, geometrical and semantical space.
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Doig, J. E., D. E. Woolnough, D. F. Woolnough, and Demitris Delikaraoglou. "Book Reviews." Canadian Surveyor 40, no. 2 (June 1986): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcs-1986-0018.
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In August 1985 Canadian hydrographers broke new ground by being the first to use airborne laser scanning techniques to locate and survey shipping channels through parts of the southern route of the Northwest Passage. This survey is a landmark event in hydrographic surveying as it signals the first time that an active airborne sensor was used for chartmaking purposes. Laser soundings were acquired in two of the highest priority areas and the processed results will be used in the compilation of new nautical charts of these two areas.
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Casey, M. J., and J. Vosburgh Terra. "CHARTMAKING WITH LARSEN." Canadian Surveyor 40, no. 3 (September 1986): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcs-1986-0020.
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In August 1985 Canadian hydrographers broke new ground by being the first to use airborne laser scanning techniques to locate and survey shipping channels through parts of the southern route of the Northwest Passage. This survey is a landmark event in hydrographic surveying as it signals the first time that an active airborne sensor was used for chartmaking purposes. Laser soundings were acquired in two of the highest priority areas and the processed results will be used in the compilation of new nautical charts of these two areas.
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Leurs, Rob, Henry F. Vischer, Maikel Wijtmans, and Iwan J. P. de Esch. "En route to new blockbuster anti-histamines: surveying the offspring of the expanding histamine receptor family." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 32, no. 4 (April 2011): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2011.02.004.
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Thielmann, Tristan. "The bicycle at the end of the 19th century: An instrument for land surveying and mapping." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-129-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> At the end of the 19th century, the bicycle was a medium used for land development, connection, sensing and routing. This article explores these features of the bicycle based on the League of American Wheelmen bulletins that were published between 1880 and 1902. The enquiry shows that the bicycle constitutes a rural geomedium since the first cyclists regarded themselves as land surveyors. Furthermore, the bicycle, as a vehicle that is connected to an individual, links the starting and end points of a route &ndash; without stops on the way and without changing vehicles. This continuity of movement is a highly essential property of the medium ‘bicycle’. Being awheel and making the countryside accessible cartographically are therefore closely linked to each other; they take place in one and the same procedure as part of the joint practice of land surveys. During this process, the bicycle proves to be an ideal instrument for the sensing of road surface conditions and therefore functions as a mediator between the road and the cyclist. It also serves as a mediator between urban and rural areas and as a connected device: the bicycle is the condition for cooperation for Bicycle Clubs, which enjoyed enormous popularity at the end of the 19th century. It facilitated the cooperative experiencing and exploring of the land that had yet not been documented cartographically and, in turn, yielded its own new form of representation: navigable maps in the form of route guides.</p>
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BAI, Lin, and Satoshi Nasu. "CCRC Common Facility Spatial Structure: A Study by Space Syntax." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 2, no. 5 (October 24, 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v2i5.203.
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Spatial structure of 56 CCRCs(Continue Care Retirement Committee) which are mainly selected from AIA contest project are analyzed by using space syntax theory. Based on the result of common facility allocation and spatial centrality, three common facility allocation types and six route space integration models are defined. While the analysis shows the central allocation with route connected to a common facility being the highest integration place is the predominant spatial structure of common facility in US CCRCs, the combination of each common facility allocation type and route space integration models provide the fashion of common facility spatial structure in US CCRCs today.
Keywords: CCRC, common facility, common space, space syntax.
eISSN 2514-751X © 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Hanapi, Nurul Liyana, Sabarinah Sh Ahmad, and Azli Abd Razak. "Evaluation of Escape Route Design in Public Multi-Storey Housing in Malaysia for Elderly Occupants." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, SI2 (December 27, 2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5isi2.2521.
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Public multi-storey residential buildings in Malaysia are dependent on the passive design approach to ensure maximum safety during an emergency. Elements of escape route design include corridors, exits and staircases. This paper evaluates the escape route distance and duration for the elderly to evacuate the building to safety using Pathfinder simulations. The results show that the staircase has a significant contribution towards providing fast evacuation. Meanwhile, varying the width of the exit doors and corridors had minimal impact on evacuation. On average, the elderlies took longer to evacuate due to their slow speed of movement and limited physical capability. Keywords: Multi-Storey, Escape Route Design, Evacuation, Simulation eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/110.21834/ebpj.v5iSI2.2521.
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Gawałkiewicz, Rafał. "Electronic Visualization of Underground Tourist Routes on the Example of the Route in Sandomierz." Geoinformatica Polonica 20 (December 30, 2021): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/21995923gp.21.006.14977.
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For many years in Poland, anthropogenic objects constructed underground have been very popular with tourists. In the past they fulfilled various functions (historic mines, underground merchant warehouses, military objects, special objects, caverns and grottoes). Many of them were secured and rebuilt in such a way that a new form was created. They make interesting tourist offers and still more objects can be made available to tourists. An example of strongly modified underground anthropogenic objects of very complex geometry and extremely interesting architectural form is the Underground Tourist Route (Polish: Podziemna Trasa Turystyczna – PTT) in Sandomierz. Owing to much effort and financial means, in 1960s many interesting cellars and merchant warehouses were saved from destruction – and – with the application of mining techniques, they were joint into attractive spatial forms. So far, few publications give the full characteristic and parametric data of this object. Today’s possibilities of available measurement and information technologies allow comprehensive inventory of complicated engineering constructions, as well as the 3D visualization, regarding even tiniest elements of small architecture (doors, lattice, lamps, etc.). The article presents the results of the visualization and parameterization based on the data from integrated surveying (levelling, transects, total stations, laser scanning and other direct measurements). ELEKTRONICZNA WIZUALIZACJA PODZIEMNYCH TRAS TURYSTYCZNYCH NA PRZYKŁADZIE TRASY W SANDOMIERZU W Polsce dużą popularnością turystyczną od lat cieszą się obiekty antropogeniczne wzniesione pod powierzchnią ziemi, pełniące różnorodne funkcje użytkowe w przeszłości (zabytkowe kopalnie, podziemne składy kupieckie, obiekty militarne, obiekty specjalne, jaskinie i groty). Wiele z nich zostało w stopniu istotnym zabezpieczone i przebudowane w taki sposób, by nadać im nową formę. Udostępnione, dziś stanowią ciekawe oferty turystyczne, a ich liczba stanowi dziś zbiór otwarty. Przykładem mocno przetworzonego podziemnego obiektu antropogenicznego o bardzo zróżnicowanej geometrii i niezwykle ciekawej formie architektonicznej jest Podziemna Trasa Turystyczna w Sandomierzu. Dzięki zaangażowaniu wielu środków udało się w latach 60. XX w. ocalić od zniszczenia wiele interesujących piwnic i składów kupieckich i połączyć je z zastosowaniem technik górniczych w atrakcyjne formy przestrzenne. Dotychczas powstało niewiele opracowań, które ukazałyby w pełni ich charakterystykę oraz sparametryzowały obiekt. Możliwości dostępnych dzisiaj technik pomiarowych oraz informatycznych pozwalają na kompleksową inwentaryzację skomplikowanych budowli inżynierskich, a także wizualizację przestrzenną z uwzględnieniem nawet najdrobniejszych elementów małej architektury (drzwi, kraty, lampy itp.). W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki wizualizacji i parametryzacji na podstawie danych zintegrowanych pomiarów geodezyjnych (niwelacji, poligonizacji, tachimetrii elektronicznej, skaningu laserowego i innych pomiarów bezpośrednich).
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Shariff, S. Sarifah Radiah, Noraimi Azlin Mohd Nordin, Mohd Omar, and Siti Suzlin Supadi. "Modelling the Inner Warehouse Shortest Route Planning using Dynamic Programming Block." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 7, SI9 (October 30, 2022): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7isi9.4314.
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Fulfilling the customer requirement has always been of utmost concern to logistics service companies, namely those providing warehouse and transportation services. In the warehouse, inner transportation problem affects its performance. Order picker problem is one of the problems that involves the transportation problem within the warehouse. The problem can be handled properly by having proper storage assignment, proper tasking allocation and optimal routing for inner warehouse vehicles’ movement. This study proposed a modified Dynamic Programming model to determine the shortest route for the order pickers in completing and fulfilling the customers’ orders. The model shows stable solutions for numerous orders.
Keywords: Order picking, dynamic programming, inner warehouse transportation
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI
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Zięba, Jakub, and Mirosława Bazarnik. "Geotechnical aspects of locating the Łagiewnicka Route on the area of the “White Seas” in Kraków." E3S Web of Conferences 36 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183603006.
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The article presents the results of field studies and laboratory tests of the subsoil of the section of the „Łagiewnicka” route located on the area of so-called “White Seas” [1] in Kraków-Łagiewniki. The analysed samples come from the layer of anthropogenic soils being the result of the operation of the Solvay Sodium Plant in the 20th century. The results of the geotechnical and land-surveying studies served as the basis for developing a numerical model to determine the pressure on the walls of the planned tunnel and the horizontal thrust in the planned excavation. Besides, the study and test results were used to perform an analysis of the excavation’s stability and to check the impact of the sheet pile on land deformations near the John Paul II Centre in Kraków.
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Patel, Kajal S., and Jagdish S. Shah. "Analysis of Existing Trust Based Routing Schemes Used in Wireless Network." International Journal of Information Security and Privacy 10, no. 2 (April 2016): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisp.2016040103.
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Wireless networks are vulnerable to many security attacks as they use wireless media and a node has to depend on unknown intermediate nodes for data transmission. Cryptographic algorithms used for wired network cannot work efficiently in wireless network, as in wireless network nodes are mobile and battery operated. Nodes may also have limited resources available. So, to detect malicious activities on node and improve stability of route while routing in mobile ad hoc network, trust-based routing is used. Communication parameters used in calculating trust value in most of existing trust based protocol (wireless network) are number of successful session or packet forwarded between two nodes, number of packet dropped or delayed, response time, battery life, mobility of node etc. This paper provides analysis of existing trust based routing by surveying current “sate of the art” work in this area. This paper also proposed a new parameter (number of route error message sent by a node) of a wireless node which can affect the network performance and can be used to calculate trust value.
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Specht, Cezary, Piotr Chrostowski, Paweł Dąbrowski, Jacek Szmagliński, Mariusz Specht, Marcin Dera, Władysław Koc, and Marcin Skóra. "Mobile satellite measurements on the Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2016, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_16_05_03.
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This paper presents the process of organization and execution of the mobile satellite measurements conducted on the tracks of the Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway before officially entry the line into operation. These measurements allowed for the accurate identification of the actual geometric shape of the line. In the paper the issues of both design and construction phase of this railway line has been described. Moreover, the geodetic works during implementation of the investment has been introduced. The analysis of the surveying results was focused on the issues like transformation the measured data to the local system of coordinates called Gdańsk '70, repeatability of measurement's results and comparison of measured route with the designed geometrical layout.
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Тихомиров, П. В., А. В. Скрыпников, Е. В. Чернышова, А. Б. Бондарев, М. Н. Казачек, and А. Н. Брюховецкий. "Analysis of modern methods of surveying logging roads." Известия СПбЛТА, no. 242 (April 24, 2023): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2023.242.179-188.
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Рассматриваются методы изыскания лесовозных автомобильных дорог в пространстве и обоснование выбора наиболее эффективного для конкретных условий метода. Современные автомобильные дороги в общем и лесовозные в частности характеризуются комплексом инженерных сооружений, где наиболее ответственными являются криволинейные участки, во многом определяющие уровень технико-экономических показателей и безопасности движения транспорта. Наиболее сложными из этих сооружений являются развязки в разных уровнях. Разбивке подлежат, в числе прочих элементов транспортных развязок, петлеообразные и прямые левоповоротные съезды, характеризующиеся сложным сочетанием горизонтальных и вертикальных кривых. В качестве вертикальной кривой чаще всего здесь применяется квадратная парабола, горизонтальными кривыми являются круговые кривые, клотоиды, биклотоиды, лемнисканты и наиболее отвечающие реальным условиям движения на лесоповоротных съездах тормозные кривые. Последние служат для смягчения влияния центробежой силы на автомобиль, двигающийся с плавным замедлением, переходя с прямолинейного участка на кривую, или с ускорением, выезжая на прямую. Тормозные кривые применяются в практике дорожного строительства. Несмотря на это, они еще недостаточно изучены и описаны в специальной литературе. Расчетные формулы для проектирования и разбивки тормозных переходных кривых требуют существенного изменения и дополнения с целью более плавноговписывания автомобиля в кривую и повышения безопасности движения. Представляют интерес плоские пространственные закругления, являющиеся воплощением прогрессивной взаимосогласованности плана и профиля дорожной трассы, благоприятно влияющие на условия видимости и общее зрительное восприятие дороги. Эти участки образованы соединением горизонтальной и вертикальной кривых в единую плоско-пространственную кривую. Разбивка таких закруглений непроизводительно делится на вертикальную и горизонтальную. Очевидно, что новая прогрессивная методика проектирования требует новых, более совершенных методов разбивочных работ. The paper discusses the methods for finding logging roads in space and the rationale for choosing the most effective method for specific conditions. Modern highways in general and logging roads in particular are characterized by a complex of engineering structures, where the most important are curved sections, which largely determine the level of technical and economic indicators and traffic safety. The most complex of these structures are interchanges at different levels. Among other elements of transport interchanges, loop-like and straight left-turn ramps, characterized by a complex combination of horizontal and vertical curves, are subject to breakdown. As a vertical curve, a square parabola is most often used here, horizontal curves are circular curves, clothoids, biclotoids, lemniscants, and braking curves that best meet the real conditions of movement at forest turning ramps. Braking curves serve to mitigate the effect of centrifugal force on a car moving with a smooth deceleration, moving from a straight section to a curve, or with acceleration, leaving a straight line. Braking curves are used in the practice of road construction. Despite this, they are not yet sufficiently studied and described in the specialized literature. Calculation formulas for designing and splitting brake transient curves require significant changes and additions in order to more smoothly fit the car into the curve and improve traffic safety. Of interest are flat spatial roundings, which are the embodiment of a progressive mutual consistency of the plan and profile of the road route, favorably affecting the visibility conditions and the overall visual perception of the road. These sections are formed by connecting the horizontal and vertical curves into a single plane-spatial curve. The breakdown of such roundings is unproductively divided into vertical and horizontal. It is obvious that the new progressive design methodology requires new, more advanced methods of layout work.
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Kampczyk, Arkadiusz, Wojciech Gamon, and Katarzyna Gawlak. "Integration of Traction Electricity Consumption Determinants with Route Geometry and Vehicle Characteristics." Energies 16, no. 6 (March 13, 2023): 2689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062689.
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Traction electricity (TE) consumption in rail transportation (rail transport) is determined by factors (determinant) related to the characteristics of railway lines and vehicles. They have an impact on driving speeds, which, in turn, affect energy consumption. The scientific research presented here combined the results of expert, direct and indirect measurement methods, including brainstorming, mind mapping, system approach, heuristics, failure mode and effect analysis. The main objective was to demonstrate the influence of the determinants of TE consumption, depending on the route (road) geometry and characteristics of the traction of electric vehicles and whole trains (catenary-supplied electric vehicles, non-autonomous electric vehicles, and network traction vehicles, especially electric locomotives and electric multiple units, electric multiple-units (EMUs)). Using a new approach, the TE consumption equation, we applied values for the movement resistances of electric locomotives during braking for a jointed railway track Mres JRT braking and continuous welded rail tracks Mres CWRt braking. The values of the movement resistances of the electric locomotives during startup on the jointed railway track Mres JRT startup and continuous welded rail tracks Mres CWRt startup were also applied. They showed a strong correlation with the existing speeds of catenary-supplied electric vehicles. The implementation of the new innovative approach is an important contribution to the development of engineering and technical sciences, in particular, the disciplines of civil engineering, surveying/geodesy, and transport.
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Golovanev, Yu I. "The Unevenness of the Footing And Its Impact on the Results of Photogrammetric Transformation." Geodesy and Cartography 921, no. 3 (April 20, 2017): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2017-921-3-43-47.
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The article deals with the fact, that the state or special geodetic networks points identified on the aerial photographs, control network and aerial photographs field control surveys points including contour points with coordinates taken from the topographic map of larger scale and defined when creating topographic maps can be used for exterior orientation of photogrammetric networks during the implementation of works on topographic maps revision. Besides planimetric points of the map that has been revising can also be used. The ground control point (reference point) coordinates are not of equal accuracy, as their values were got from the sources that have different plane coordinates accuracy. This fact has a significant influence on the point coordinates planimetric position of the route photogrammetric network that is developed. There is some information in the article about the control points unequal accuracy influence on the point planimetric position of the route photogrammetric network. This fact occurs when part of control points was obtained by means of accurate surveying methods but other control points plane coordinates due to their unavailability have to be obtained from the topographic map. The results of the experiment are given as evidence.
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Hanapi, Nurul Liyana, Sabarinah Sh Ahmad, and Azli Abd Razak. "Travelling Distance for Evacuee in Multi-Storey Residential Building." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, SI3 (December 28, 2020): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5isi3.2549.
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The study on evacuation safety often an emphasis on the total evacuation time where only few research consider the distance and path needed for evacuee to evacuate the building. Thus, this study focuses on the maximum and average travelling distance need for the elderly and other evacuees in the multi-storey residential building. Pathfinder software is used in this study, and 162 simulations were tested. Results show that the escape route design and staircase condition plays a significant contribution towards occupant travel distance. Other factors such as occupancies and elderly resident also contribute to the increase in travelling distance. Keywords: Multi-Storey, Escape Route Design, Evacuation eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.2549
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Wójcik, Sebastian. "Through a Random Route to the Goal: Theoretical Background and Application of the Method in Tourism Surveying in Poland." Statistics in Transition New Series 21, no. 3 (2020): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/stattrans-2020-051.
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Rich, B. Ruby. "Geoblocking Fall 2020." Film Quarterly 74, no. 3 (2021): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2021.74.3.76.
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FQ editor-in-chief B. Ruby Rich presents her take on festival-going in the time of COVID. While noting the challenges posed by geoblocking and navigating festival schedules across multiple time zones, along with the absence of the excitement and comradeship that provide live festivals with their momentum, she observes that virtual festivals—liberated from geography—offer advantages in terms of access. Surveying the offerings at the Toronto Film Festival, New York Film Festival, and DOK Leipzig, Rich highlights feature films and documentaries that offered a welcome escape from her COVID-demarcated existence, from critical favorites such as Nomadland (dir. Chloe Zhao, 2020 ) and Steve McQueen’s “Small Axe” anthology series, to discoveries such as Hong Sang-soo’s Domangchin yeoja (The Woman Who Ran, 2020) and En route pour le milliard (Downstream to Kinshasa, 2020), by the young Congolese documentarian Dieudo Hamadi.
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Zemerova, Angelina A. "METHODOLOGY FOR CREATING DIGITAL PROJECTS FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR OF RAILWAY TRACKS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1 (May 21, 2021): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-1-130-136.
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The article describes a universal technique for creating digital projects for any road construction equipment equipped with an automated control system (SAU-3D), which includes surveying the repair route with the hardware and software complex (APK) "Profile" and a mobile laser scanner (MLS) "Scanput", data processing of a traditional project for repairs (longitudinal profile, straightening diagram), and adjustment of the digital basis of the existing railway track with design data from traditional projects. When using this technique, the transition to coordinate methods is carried out, linear-angular parameters are excluded due to the use of coordinates. The specifics of creating digital track models and digital projects at Russian Railways have been studied. An assessment of the accuracy of design solutions using SAU-3D and their compliance with regulatory requirements for the reconstruction and repair of railway tracks is given.
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Jia, Gui Xi, Hong Chao Dong, Dan Dan He, and Hong Da Zhang. "Application of Artificial Potential Fields in the Hydrographic Measurement Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 1288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.1288.
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This paper describes a new navigational algorithm that combines Artificial Potential Fields with PID controller to realize accurate channel survey, automatic obstacle avoiding, optimal route search et al. A set course can be obtained through this new algorithm and the steering of the unmanned survey ship will be worked out by closed-loop control. In test system, the location of the ship is obtained by GPS, and the error of electric steering gear angle controls PWM pulse signal, which drives servo motor by power amplifying device, thus making the electric steering gear to turn as expected. Communication between upper and lower computer is realized by C language and serial port communication, so as to get parameter information and track images of the ship in a real-time manner. The result shows that the new navigational algorithm more efficient and precise, and can be widely used in fairway surveying engineering.
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Bello Caballero, L., D. Mezzino, A. Federman, and M. Santana Quintero. "FROM FIELD WORK TO DELIVERABLES. EXPERIENCES ON THE TIN HOUSE COURTYARD DOCUMENTATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 18, 2017): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-77-2017.
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The Tin House Courtyard is a property of the National Capital Commission (NCC) in Ottawa, Canada. The site is located within the ‘Mile of History’, a historical route running from Parliament Hill to the Governor General’s residence. Currently, existing assets are under intervention works that include several preservation and renewal actions. Within the broader project, one of the tasks before construction works started was the documentation of the set of facades. The Carleton Immersive Media Studio (CIMS) at Carleton University in Ottawa was commissioned by NCC to conduct the recording of the area. This paper describes the process undertaken from field work to the final deliverable to the client, as well as the issues faced in between. Nowadays, up to date surveying technologies have revolutionized the methodologies for cultural heritage documentation. In this regard, the recording strategy employed encompassed the use of photogrammetry, laser scanner, total station, as well as different pre and post processing software in order to generate the desired outcomes.
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Mohd Asmawi, Ummi Mohlisi, Mohammad Nazmul Hasan Maziz, Mohammad Abdur Rashid, and Jamal Houssaini. "Human Behaviour and Responses Challenge towards Emergence of Infectious Diseases: E.coli clinical isolate." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 1, no. 1 (June 26, 2016): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v1i1.208.
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Consumption of undercooked ground beef is the most common route of transmission of verotoxin-producing E.coli. It is estimated that non-O157 verotoxigenic E.coli (VTEC) can cause diarrhea.The sample was isolated from Universiti Malaya Medical Centre. All the isolates were identified using agarose gel electrophoresis method. This study aims to detect the verotoxin genes and detect the link or involvement of plasmids with these verotoxin genes. Therefore, this study will contribute to shed new light on resolving the significant and global problem of diarrheal disease caused by this particular pathogenic organism and help in improvising novel therapeutic approaches to improve human healthcare.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: E.coli; non-0157; plasmid profile
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Rogavichene, L. I., and S. B. Paramonov. "COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR ANALYZING PASSENGER TRAFFIC OF THE ROUTE NETWORK AND STOPPING POINTS." Scientific Review: Theory and Practice 10, no. 5 (May 29, 2020): 911–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2020-10-5-911-922.
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The article presents a study to study various instrumental methods for analyzing passenger traffic in public transport on route networks and stopping points, including video analysis, a method based on contactless smart cards, a weight method, a method based on infrared sensors, a natural method and an electronic registration turnstile. To achieve the goal of the study, an analysis of domestic and foreign sources of scientific literature was used, as well as a comparative and logical analysis of methods for examining passenger traffic for their subsequent assessment. Tasks were performed, such as analyzing the most common methods for surveying passenger traffic, identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each method, as well as comparing the methods with each other using the index approach. For the study, the parameters were identified, which were used for comparison: cost, complexity, accuracy, frequency, efficiency of data acquisition, determination of the direction of movement, coverage, length, possibility of use, independence, labor intensity. According to the results of the analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the studied methods were revealed in the form of assigned points. Due to the unevenness of the estimates in the parameters, the usual scoring system was not suitable for presenting the results of comparison of methods, therefore the index approach was applied. As a result of the study, a universal method for examining the passenger traffic of the route network and stopping points in the form of video analysis was revealed. The device for weight analysis showed the worst indicator of versatility. Based on the results obtained, it can be assumed that for different purposes they may turn out to be completely different. In addition, innovative solutions that are currently available in the field of transportation can be applied to reduce the number of disadvantages to the traditional methods described in this article, which means that further research is possible.
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Burlyaeva, M. O., G. A. Gridnev, and E. V. Miroshnichenko. "MOBILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FROM THE TERRITORY OF ASTRAKHAN PROVINCE, RUSSIA." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 180, no. 4 (January 8, 2020): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2019-4-9-26.
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Background. The vegetation in Astrakhan Province has for a long time attracted the interest of natural scientists. However, due to inaccessibility of a number of habitats and ‘landscape ϐluidity’ in the Volga-Akhtuba ϐloodplain and the Volga estuary, not all of its areas have been explored comprehensively enough. The local vast resources of useful plants of arid steppes and deserts, including crop wild relatives (CWR), have until now remained unused. Studying and mobilizing valuable plant samples, forms and species from natural communities would help to preserve the bioresources of desertiϐied steppes and deserts, and enhance their utilization in arid areas.Methods. The collecting mission’s route passed through Chernoyarsky, Yenotaevsky, Narimanovsky, Krasnoyarsky, Kharabalinsky, Akhtubinsky, Privolzhsky, Kamyzyaksky, Limansky and Ikryaninsky districts of Astrakhan Province. With the itinerary-based method of surveying, the explorations were carried out from August 12 through August 30, 2017. The length of the route was 2,467 km. Coordinates of the collecting sites and altitudes above sea level were identiϐied with a Garmin etrex 20x navigation device.Results. The diversity of CWR and landraces was explored in various natural ecosystems of the Volga river basin. Sixty-eight phytocenoses were described, and 160 seed samples of 39 plant species (25 genera) were collected, representing old landraces and wild relatives of fodder, fruit, cereal, vegetable and ϐiber crops. Many of the collected plant forms and populations with valuable biological traits deserve to be included in introduction trials and breeding programs, especially those that may serve as sources of heat, drought and salt tolerance.
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Felski, Andrzej, and Karolina Zwolak. "The Ocean-Going Autonomous Ship—Challenges and Threats." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010041.
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Unmanned vehicles have become a part of everyday life, not only in the air, but also at sea. In the case of sea, until now this usually meant small platforms operating near shores, usually for surveying or research purposes. However, experiments with larger cargo vessels, designed to operate on the high seas are already being carried out. In this context, there are questions about the threats that this solution may pose for other sea users, as well as the safety of the unmanned vehicle itself and the cargo or equipment on board. The problems can be considered in the context of system reliability as well as the resilience to interference or other intentional actions directed against these objects—for example, of a criminal nature. The paper describes the dangers that arise from the specificity of systems that can be used to solve navigational problems, as well as the analysis of the first experiences of the authors arising from the transit of an unmanned surface vessel (USV) from the United Kingdom to Belgium and back, crossing the busiest world shipping route—the English Channel.
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Said, Shahrul Yani, and Zalina Samadi. "Melaka Streetscape Evolution: The six years journey." Asian Journal of Quality of Life 3, no. 11 (May 21, 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i11.125.
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The study looks at the six years changes made to the streetscape of Melaka to adapt to the requirement of a better quality of life for the occupants. The different approach to regeneration scheme of Melaka could provide insight into modern demands for the city. The idea of integrating all the streets within the historic core area to form a synchronised pedestrian route system is plausible as it will help the users to experience the historic area as a whole may portray the trend of local economic growth and provide opportunities for improvement of the area. Keywords: heritage; streetscape evolution; regeneration; MelakaeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i11.125
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Chen, Chih-Hung, Ting-Ju Lin, and Chih-Yu Chen. "From Isovist to Spatial Perception: Wayfinding in Historic Quarter." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 1, no. 3 (August 3, 2016): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v1i3.374.
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Based on the assumption that human behaviours are mainly affected by physical and animate environments, this empirical research takes the changeful and complex historical district in Tainan to observe wayfinding behaviours. An a priori analysis of the isovist fields is conducted to identify spatial characteristics. Three measures, the relative area, convexity, and circularity, are applied to scrutinize the possible stopping points, change of speed, and route choices. Accordingly, an experiment is carried out to observe spatial behaviours and different influences of social stimuli. Results show that social interactions afford groups and pairs to perform better than individual observers in wayfinding.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creative commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: wayfinding; isovist; spatial perception and social stimuli; historic quarter
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Puttipakorn, Pakachart, and Prapatpong Upala. "Environmental Graphic Design and the Travelers’ Perception on the Exit Patterns of Subway Stations in Bangkok." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 2, no. 5 (March 19, 2017): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v2i5.620.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the design of the exit of MRT Subway, Chalerm Ratchamongkol route. The physical analysis indicated that the station could be grouped the physical design into four categories of total 18 stations. Which have evidence many differences in physical characteristics and may cause problem and confusion in gestalt theory routing for passengers. These finding showed that the graphic design and elements which will lead to the displaying of directional information to guide the path for travelers to decide to the exit of each side.Keywords: Environmental Graphic Design; Signage; Way-finding; Mass transit station.ISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Bartonek, Dalibor, Jiří Bures, and Otakar Svabensky. "Optimization of Process Field Measurement GNSS-RTK for Railway Infrastructure." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.481.
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The paper describes optimized measurements in field on points of railway control by the GNSS-RTK method. The purpose of measurement is to monitor the status of railroad track geometry. Good geometry extends the life of superstructure, reduces tracks and sleepers material wear during passing of the trains, and thus lowers the overall maintenance demands. In the model each of these points can be represented by node in graph and evaluation of graph edges corresponds to the distance between individual nodes. The task is to measure on every node even one times and to absolve the total route with minimal sum of distance. In fact it is searching of the Hamilton's path in a graph. The situation is complicated because the conditions for GNSS surveying in nodes are suitable only at certain time intervals during the day. Generally the above mentioned is difficult task, which is solved in the practice in many cases by heuristic methods. The authors proposed the optimization method based on Floyd algorithm and dynamic data structure - events list. The optimization of field measurement solves the time demands and brings economic effectiveness.
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Chen, Chih-Hung, Ting-Ju Lin, and Chih-Yu Chen. "An Isovist Study for Wayfinding in Historic Quarter." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 13 (August 25, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.139.
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Based on the assumption that human behaviours are mainly affected by physical and animate environments, this empirical research takes the changeful and complex historical district in Tainan to observe wayfinding behaviours. An a priori analysis of the isovist fields is conducted to identify spatial characteristics. Three measures, the relative area, convexity, and circularity, are applied to scrutinize the possible stopping points, change of speed, and route choices. Accordingly, an experiment is carried out to observe spatial behaviours and different influences of social stimuli. Results show that social interactions afford groups and pairs to perform better than individual observers in wayfinding.Keywords: wayfinding; isovist; spatial perception and social stimuli; historic quarter.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.139
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Sham, Rohana, Norlida Abdul Hamid, Suhana Mohamed, and Razifah Othman. "Crime and Routine Activity." Asian Journal of Quality of Life 3, no. 9 (January 6, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i9.78.
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Routine activity and crime are much related to one another. When a women is on their routine trip, the possibility of crime to happen along the routine route is high. Therefore examining the exact routine activities of women travelers is needed by transport operators so that transport services can be offered accordingly to their needs. This paper examine the detail of women routine especially those involve in occupation or working group who are highly depending on public bus to commute. Therefore, the objective of the research is to determine the factors of trip chain, travel distance and time of travelling that affect women’s travelling safety issues in an urban area.Keywords: Crime, Working women, Routine Activities, Trip Chain, Quality of LifeeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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M. Nasir, Rizal E., Firdaus Mohamad, A. Hussein A. Hamid, and M. Hafiz M. Noh. "Blended Wing-Body Unmanned Aerial Transport Aircraft: A conceptual design." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 7, SI9 (October 30, 2022): 601–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7isi9.4313.
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UAVs have advantages for tasks like aerial surveillance, agriculture, and transportation because of their low operating costs and the ability to automate the work. This paper introduces a conceptual design of a parcel transport UAV called Baseline-X BWB that carries two kilogrammes of payload for inter-city transport. The scope of discussion is limited to aerodynamic estimation, flight performance, and monetary cost. This UAV prototype has a longer battery charge range, a larger and heavier payload capacity, and a lower operating cost-per-mile and fleet cost per route than conventional designs of the same size, making it feasible and profitable for operators. Keywords: Air Transport; Blended Wing-Body; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle eISSN: 2398-4287© 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI9.4313
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Leurs, Rob, Henry F. Vischer, Maikel Wijtmans, and Iwan J. P. de Esch. "Erratum to “En route to new blockbuster anti-histamines: surveying the offspring of the expanding histamine receptor family” [Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 32 (4) (2011) 250–257]." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2011.10.003.
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Dada, Joshua Oluwasuji, and Nofiu Abiodun Musa. "Key factors affecting the competence of quantity surveyors." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 14, no. 3 (July 4, 2016): 461–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-09-2014-0060.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors affecting quantity surveyors’ competence with a view to reducing them to key components. Design/methodology/approach The research adopts a data reduction system using the factor analysis statistical technique. A structured questionnaire was administered among major stakeholders in the Nigerian construction industry. The respondents were asked to give ratings on a 5-point Likert scale on factors affecting the competence of quantity surveyors. Based on the identified 11 factor variables, factor analysis was used to explore and detect the underlying relationship among the identified variables. Important measures such as Bartlett’s test of sphericity, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling accuracy and measure of sampling adequacy were used to test the appropriateness of the factor extraction. Findings The data reduction results in three key factor components: organization structure and team development, industrial exposure and route of educational training. Practical implications The findings provide a considerable insight into the issue of factors affecting quantity surveyors’ competence and could have considerable implications on the training of quantity surveyors in Nigeria. Originality/value The paper provides information on major factors influencing the competence of quantity surveyors and the resulting implications on the training, development and practice of quantity surveying in Nigeria.
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Ashkenazi, V., C. J. Hill, T. Moore, W. Y. Ochieng, J. Storey, R. Rawlings, and C. V. Cleasby. "The Use of Airborne Differential GPS to Detect Coordinate and Calibration Errors in DME Navigation Aids." Journal of Navigation 48, no. 1 (January 1995): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300012455.
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In May 1993, in support of Eurocontrol's WGS 84 Implementation Programme, a project was undertaken to assess the accuracy of navigation aid coordinates. The exercise involved flying a route over a number of European countries, in an aircraft which was equipped for multi-DME ‘data puddle’ position updating, and which also carried Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. This test flight, carried out under contract to Eurocontrol, involved two parties, namely the Defence Research Agency (DRA) Bedford, who provided the airborne trials facility and DME data, and the Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy (IESSG) at the University of Nottingham, who provided an analysis of the DME coordinate accuracy.The aim of this test flight was to assess whether it is possible to determine independently the (WGS 84) coordinates of DME ground stations from the air, by using the same DME range measurements which are used to update aircraft position information in-flight. The procedure used to determine DME coordinates involves reversing the position updating principle. Instead of taking the DME ground station coordinates as known points and using the DME range measurements to determine the aircraft's position, the aircraft's position is independently determined (from DGPS) and the range measurements are used to estimate the coordinates of the DME ground stations.