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Academic literature on the topic 'Routes d'accès'
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Journal articles on the topic "Routes d'accès"
Tacnet, Jean-Marc, Elodie Forestier, Eric Mermet, Corinne Curt, and Frédéric Berger. "Résilience territoriale : du concept à l'analyse d'infrastructures critiques en montagne." La Houille Blanche, no. 5-6 (October 2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2018047.
Full textDesroches, Jean-François, Frederick W. Schueler, Isabelle Picard, and Louis-Philippe Gagnon. "A Herpetological Survey of the James Bay Area of Québec and Ontario." Canadian Field-Naturalist 124, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v124i4.1101.
Full textCantara, François. "Les routes à Sillery sous le régime français." Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française 49, no. 4 (August 26, 2008): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/305464ar.
Full textMarcoux, Nancy, Lucien Tessier, and Yves Bégin. "Répartition estivale du dioxyde d'azote et de l'ozone dans une vallée alpine, Chamonix, France." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 52, no. 2 (October 2, 2002): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004848ar.
Full textSelassie, Bereket Habte. "The Bumpy Road from Accra to Addis Ababa: Recollections of an Observer/Participant La route bosselée d'Accra vers Addis Ababa El camino bacheado de Accra a Addis Ababa." Societies Without Borders 2, no. 1 (2007): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187188607x163257.
Full textAmrane, Ahmed Youssouf, and Fares Boubakour. "Towards Reforming Fossil - Fuel Subsidies in Algeria : Evaluation Test of Road Users’ Reactions in Terms of Private Cars Use and Ownership Intensity = Vers une Réforme de la Subvention du Carburant Fossile en Algérie : Essai d'Évaluation des Réactions des Usagers de la Route en Termes d'Intensité d'Usage et d'Accès aux Voitures Particulières = نحو إصلاح دعم الوقود الأحفوري في الجزائر : محاولة تقييم ردود أفعال مستخدمي الطريق فيما يتعلق بكثافة استعمال وامتلاك السيارات الشخصية." التواصل N.A., no. 51 (September 2017): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0047931.
Full text"Champ d'application. Création d'une station de ski nordique en deux phases : construction d'une voie d'accès, aménagement des pistes et équipements d'accueil. Programme général d'un montant supérieur à six millions de francs. Nécessité d'une étude d'impact. Annulation de l'arrêté préfectoral ayant déclaré d'utilité publique la construction de la route sans étude d'impact. Conseil d'État, 24 février 1993 Mlle Descours et autres." Revue Juridique de l'Environnement 18, no. 2 (1993): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rjenv.1993.2963.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Routes d'accès"
Boishardy, Vincent. "Utilisation de revêtements économiques pour les routes locales et les routes d'accès aux ressources." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38113.
Full textEconomic pavements represent advantageous solutions, especially at the functional level, for local roads and access roads to resources. However, there are few tools to quantify their effects in order to support the technical decisions of managers.The project’s objective is to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the socio-economic advantages of laying an economic pavement on an unpaved roadway. Roads in question are low-volume roads, which represent more than three quarters of Canada’s road network. Three types of economic coatings are studied: chip seal, hot mix asphalt and microsurfacing. The increase of the rigidity granted by the waterproofing of the foundation as well as the surface cohesion is determined as a result of this study. The rigidity of the foundations is measured by in situ tests carried out with the dynamic cone penetrometer under different water conditions. Thus, a relative elongation of a lifetime is quantified by finite element deformation modelling with GeoStudio software coupled with an empirical prediction analyst of damage method. An analysis of these results makes it possible to conclude that the implementation of a bitumen emulsion based economic coating, 20 millimetres thick, allows the reduction of the water content in the foundation by at least 30% and increases the service life of the road from 58% to 75% depending on the type of load. A comparison of life-cycle costs is thus made between a pavement with a chip seal (layer of aggregates coated with bituminous emulsion) and an unpaved surface using realistic maintenance scenarios that are consistent with the Quebec context. Considering the construction’s costs, maintenance and use of these pavements: it is demonstrated that the implementation of a coating results in a financial gain. This gain depends on many parameters that are detailed. In this context of a large Quebec province where resources are far away, the race for development imposes effective and economically viable techniques to increase the mobility of human and material resources. This study shows that certainthin coatings make it possible to ensure structural stiffness of pavements, thus prolonging their service life while reducing the associated costs.
Rai, Idris A. "Support de la qualite de service dans les routeurs d'acces de l'internet." Paris, ENST, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000848.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to investigate scheduling mechanisms that allow to offer service differentiation in the Internet. For this purpose and by being motivated by high variability property of Internet traffic, we study least attained service (LAS) scheduling policy. The analysis of LAS shows that its performance highly depends on the variability of a flow size distribution. Particularly, LAS slightly penalizes a small percentage of the largest flows when a flow size distribution shows the high variability property. We also use simulations to investigate the performance of LAS in the Internet. We find that LAS has quite interesting features that cause it to reduce the transfer time and loss rate for short TCP flows without penalizing large flows a lot. Simulation results also show that LAS allocates bandwidth {\em equally} among competing TCP connections in congested heterogeneous networks. We also propose a family of new LAS-based scheduling policies that differentiate service in order to improve the performance of long-lived TCP and UDP flows that can be penalized under LAS at high network load above 75%. Evaluation of the proposed policies shows that they notably improve the performance of long-lived flows in terms of reducing their mean transfer time, average jitter, and loss rate while affecting the rest of flows in a minor way. We also develop analytic models for FCFS, LAS, and new LAS-based policies to compute the mean flow transfer time for TCP flows that share a single bottleneck link. Over a wide range of settings , we show that the analytic models agree with the ns2 simulation of the policies in packet networks when loss rates are low
Kamel, Boumediene. "Gestion de trafic : controle d'accès et limitation dynamique de la vitesse." Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0204/document.
Full textThe highways congestion is a problem which appears in a recurring way and which has a wide economic, environmental and social impact. This problem can be resolved by increasing the highways capacity or by decreasing the traffic demand. These solutions are long to operate and are very expensive. An accessible solution in the shorter run consists in implementing a traffic management system.In this optics, several actions and control measures were developed to improve the efficiency of highways. Among these actions, we can quote the ramp metering control and the dynamic speed limits.The ramp metering consists of a regulation of the vehicles flow wishing to enter on a highway from an on-ramp. We developed the DFC strategy (Différence de Flux Characterisée par une densité désirée). It aims at maintaining on the main road, at the vicinity of the on-ramp, a density lower than a target beforehand determined by means of simulations. This new strategy was compared with the existing strategies such as ALINEA and PI-ALINEA. The DFC strategy presents the interest not to generate oscillatory phenomena in the trajectories of flow and not to require parameters to be adjusted. The dynamic speed limits imposes on several sections of the main road a speed limit which depends on traffic conditions. The objective is to avoid the congestion at a downstream bottleneck. We proposed several strategies of dynamic speed limits. They use quite the METANET model of traffic. Two of the proposed methods exploit the model METANET anticipation term and the third is based on the flow. Finally, the various strategies of dynamic speed limits were used in coordination with the DFC ramp metering. The coordination allows to obtain the results better than ramp metering used only or dynamic speed limits used only
Francomme, Jackson. "Propositions pour un protocole déterministe de contrôle d'accès et de routage avec économie d'énergie dans les réseaux ZigBee." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00324196.
Full textMajid, Hirsh. "Contribution à l'estimation et à la commande des systèmes de transport intelligents." Thesis, Artois, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ARTO0203/document.
Full textThe works presented in this PhD dissertation fit into the framework of Intelligent TransportationSystems. Although the beginnings of these systems have started since the 60s, their development, basedon information and communication technologies, has reached maturity during the early 80s. The ITS usesthe intelligence of different systems (embedded systems, intelligents sensors, intelligents highways, etc.)in order to optimize road infrastructures performances and respond to the daily problems of congestions.The dissertation presents four contributions into the framework of road traffic flow and tackles theestimation and control problems in order to eliminate or at least reduce the “recurrent" congestionsphenomena. The first point treats the problem of traffic state estimation which is of most importance inthe field of ITS. Indeed, the implementation and performance of any control strategy is closely relatedto the ability to have all needed information about the traffic state describing the dynamic behavior ofthe studied system. Two estimation algorithms are then proposed. The first one uses the “metanet"model and high order sliding mode techniques. The second is based on the so-called Cell TransmissionModels. Several comparative studies with the Kalman filters, which are the most used in road traffic flowengineering, are established in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Thethree other contributions concern the problem of traffic flow control. At first, the focus is on the isolatedramp metering using an algorithm based on the high order sliding mode control. The second contributiondeals with the dynamic traffic routing problem based on the high order sliding mode control. Such controlstrategy is enriched by introducing the concept of integration, in the third contribution. Indeed, integratedcontrol consists of a combination of several traffic control algorithms. In this thesis the proposed approachcombines an algorithm of on-ramp control with a dynamic traffic routing control. The obtained results arevalidated via numerical simulations. The validated results of the proposed isolated ramp metering controlare compared with the most used ramp metering strategy : ALINEA. Finally, the last contributiontreats the coordination problems. The objective is to coordinate several ramps which cooperate andchange information in order to optimize the highway traffic flow and reduce the total travel time in theapplied area. All these contributions were validated using real data mostly from French freeways. Theobtained results show substantial gains in term of performances such as travel time, energetic consumptiondecreasing, as well as the increasing in the mean speed. These results allow to consider several furtherworks in order to provide more interesting and efficient solutions in the ITS field
Books on the topic "Routes d'accès"
Ontario. Ministère des richesses naturelles. Directives environnementales pour la construction de routes d'accès et de traversées de cours d'eau. Toronto, Ont: Ministère des richesses naturelles, 1990.
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