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Journal articles on the topic 'Routes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Ahmad, Yusuf Ardiansyah, and Sarno Riyanarto. "Performance analysis of wireless sensor network with load balancing for data transmission using xbee zb module." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS) 18, no. 1 (2020): 88–100. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp88-100.

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In general, research in the field of wireless sensor network (WSN) has never discussed the reliability aspect of network routing with router devices that can find new routes when damage occurs. To date, overloaded routers will be ignored without any response that gives control which can reduce the quality of network performance. Therefore, we propose research using the AODV routing, and Mesh routing algorithm to find other routes as an alternative when problems occur and using the Round Robbin based xbee algorithm on providing load balance control carried out by the router. The experiments on

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2

Khin, Aye Thu, Soe Mon Soe, and Soe Thida. "Configuration of Residential Network using Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 5 (2019): 1076–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3590528.

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A residential area is used in housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas. These include single family housing, multi family residential, or mobile homes. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol EIGRP is a network protocol that is routers exchange information more efficiently than other protocols. EIGRP is an advanced distance vector routing protocol used on a computer network for automating routing decisions and configuration. EIGRP is used to share routes on a router with other routers within the same autonomous system. Unlike other routing protocols, such as RIP,

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3

Çelebi Karakök, Meryem Elif. "Determining the Characteristics of Faith-Themed Routes in Order to Receive an International Certificate: Studies on St. Paul’s Travels." Religions 14, no. 9 (2023): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14091097.

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The religious journeys of humanity and their components are now recognized as cultural heritage values. UNESCO, WHC, ICOMOS, CIIC, and COE are organizations that actively work and issue international certificates for the protection, promotion, and survival of religious routes. These organizations have certified 14 faith-based routes as of 2023. A route’s certification is critical since it allows the route to be recognized globally and accessible to international tourism. However, each institution has its own set of requirements to obtain these certificates. When all religious cultures are exam

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Jin, Wenquan, Azimbek Khudoyberdiev, and Dohyeun Kim. "Visualization and Analysis of Safe Routes to School based on Risk Index using Student Survey Data for Safe Mobility." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 6, no. 3 (2022): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.3.1163.

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Risk analysis is important in heterogeneous industrial domains to enable sustainable development. Data is the basis for emphasizing the potential risk elements for improving efficiency, quality, and safety. For supplying safe routes to schools based on risk analysis, the risk assessment of routes is one of the widely used and very effective methodologies to filter the most dangerous roads, intersections, or specific points on roads. This paper presents a visualization and analysis of the risk assessment approach based on the risk index model using geographical information, including routes, da

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Nagel, Kai, and Christopher L. Barrett. "Using Microsimulation Feedback For Trip Adaptation For Realistic Traffic In Dallas." International Journal of Modern Physics C 08, no. 03 (1997): 505–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183197000412.

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This paper presents a day-to-day re-routing relaxation approach for traffic simulations. Starting from an initial planset for the routes, the route- based microsimulation is executed. The result of the microsimulation is fed into a re-router, which re-routes a certain percentage of all trips. This approach makes the traffic patterns in the microsimulation much more reasonable. Further, it is shown that the method described in this paper can lead to strong oscillations in the solutions.

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6

Dewi, Euis Puspita, I. Gede Agus Suwartane, Siti Komsiah, Rilla Sovitriana, Nana Trisnawati, and Maya Syafriana Effendi. "INTERACTIVE DIGITAL MAPPING OF SENTUL-BOGOR TREKKING TOURISM DESTINATIONS TOWARD ONE STOP SENTUL TOURISM (OSST)." Malaysian Applied Geography 1, no. 1 (2023): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/magg.01.2023.30.37.

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Sentul trekking tourism in Bogor is becoming increasingly popular as it provides many attractive natural sights and is a safe option for tourists during and after the Covid-19 Pandemic. Nevertheless, access to information on the geographical description of tourism destinations is not available. In the context of tourist development, reliable, interactive, and fascinating geographical information regarding hiking routes and tourism objects is required. The purpose of this article is to discuss the development of a interactive digital map containing routes and areas of interest for the Sentul Bo

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7

Mukhlisa, Akromova Saydimuxtor qizi Norboeva Mohinur Akromjon qizi. "THE PURPOSE OF THE TOURIST ROUTE DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY AND ITS TASKS IN ARCHITECTURAL-LANDSCAPE PROJECTS." «Zamonaviy dunyoda innovatsion tadqiqotlar: Nazariya va amaliyot» nomli ilmiy, masofaviy, onlayn konferensiya 1, no. 24 (2022): 182–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7162476.

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In this article, the technologies of development of tourist routes, their integral connection with landscape and road systems, the main concepts were determined and the terminological apparatus was formed. The concept of "tourist route" is defined, the interpretation of the terms "tourist route" and "tourist roads", types of tourist routes and their formation are studied. The planning of tourist routes should be organized in such a way as to create an opportunity to choose routes that effectively use available resources based on tourist routes. On the other hand,

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8

Vakulenko, K., N. Sokolova, E. Lezhneva, J. Vetushka, and N. Shyllye. "ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CITY'S ROUTES’ INDICATORS ON THE DECREASE IN PASSENGER INCOME AS A RESULT OF TRANSPORT FATIGUE." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 163 (2021): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-3-163-179-186.

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One of the requirements of our time is a high-quality public transport service for passengers. Reliability and regularity of traffic, duration and comfort of the trip, traffic safety, availability of equipped and convenient stops - all this and many other factors affect the quality of passenger service. The peculiarities of the organization of passenger transportation, as well as the performance of city routes, affect the psychophysiological state of a person and, as a result, the functional state and the degree of passenger fatigue, which leads to a decrease in his income. The study identifie

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9

Röpke, Leonardo Luís, and Manuel Osório Binelo. "Development of an Artificial Intelligence System (AI) Based on Patterns Recognition for the Analysis of Vehicular Routes." Inteligencia Artificial 23, no. 65 (2020): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4114/intartif.vol23iss65pp67-85.

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This work presents the study and development of an Artificial Intelligence system, with focus on K-means algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks, to assist fleet managers in the identification of routes and route deviations. The developed tool has the objective of modernizing the process of identification of routes and deviations of routes. The results show that the Artificial Neural Networks obtained a 100% accuracy rate in the identification of routes, and in the identification of route deviations the RNAs were able to identify 61% of the routes presented. Therefore, RNAs are an excellent

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Odeh, A. "Analysis of Security Challenges along Commercial Water Routes of Bayelsa State, Nigeria." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (ijasre) 6, no. 3 (2020): 205–16. https://doi.org/10.31695/IJASRE.2020.33775.

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<em>The study examined the security challenges along the commercial water routes of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A total of 320 copies of a questionnaire on the operators and passengers in the study area to elicit information from the operators and passengers in the eight selected Bayelsa waterfronts. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis. Findings showed that the Nembe-Brass route, Oporoma-Yenagoa route, Yenagoa-Brass route and Ogbia-Brass route are commercially viable routes making them enticing routes both for transportation and pirates and robbers atta

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Arion, O., and A. Kulagina. "The role of memory routes in the modern tourist dimension." Constructive geography and rational use of natural resources, no. 4 (2024): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2786-4561.2024.4.special-19/19.

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This article is devoted to memory routes, which open up new opportunities for the tourism industry by transforming ordinary routes into educational and cultural tools. Integrating them into the tourist space enriches visitors' perception of history and culture, while also emphasizing the importance of an ethical approach to presenting historical events. Such routes not only enhance cultural tourism but also contribute to the formation of national identity and the preservation of historical memory. The article explores the role of memory routes in modern tourism. It identifies the content and p

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Kim, Je Min, Hae Jung Baek, and Young Tack Park. "POI Detection and Route Identification Using Smartphone Sensor Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 997–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.997.

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In this paper, we represent approaches for detecting users’ POIs and identifying personal routes based on temporal smartphone sensor data, including GPS. POIs and routes of users are factors that affect prediction of a traveling route. However, recording user destinations and the routes of training data is almost impossible when building a route model. Thus, we propose algorithms that automatically extract the points of destinations and routes using GPS.

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13

Jie, Junwu, and Congjin Miao. "Analysis and Selection of Shipping Route in Ocean." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2029, no. 1 (2021): 012151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2029/1/012151.

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Abstract This electronic document is a “live” template. Ocean navigation is a long-distance cross ocean navigation. There are three kinds of ocean routes in common use: great circle route, rhumb line route and mixed route. The great circle route is usually used when ships are sailing in the ocean, but sometimes in the mid latitude sea area, the rhumb line route is a choice in the mid latitude sea area. Combined with the calculation of a navigation example, this paper makes some analysis on the selection of ocean routes in mid latitude sea area, illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of t

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Krebs, Nathathai, and Boonsub Panichakarn. "Optimal Route in International Transportation of Thailand – Guangxi (China)." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 7, no. 1 (2019): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2019.7.1(5).

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Objective - This study examines the selection of international transportation routes from Thailand to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi), People's Republic of China. Guangxi has been designated a significant role as the gateway to ASEAN and has several land borders and seaports connecting to countries in ASEAN. Methodology/Technique - In this work, we studied 6 connecting routes, 3 of which are road routes, namely routes R8, R9, and R12 and 3 other multimodal (road-sea) routes operating from/to Laemchabang port and Nanning of Guangxi, route through Haiphong port of Vietnam, route throu

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15

Kinney, Mitchell. "Template matching route classification." Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports 16, no. 2 (2020): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jqas-2019-0051.

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AbstractThis paper details a route classification method for American football using a template matching scheme that is quick and does not require manual labeling. Pre-defined routes from a standard receiver route tree are aligned closely with game routes in order to determine the closest match. Based on a test game with manually labeled routes, the method achieves moderate success with an overall accuracy of 72% of the 232 routes labeled correctly.

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Aguilar-Arguello, Samuel, Daniel Gerhard, and Ximena J. Nelson. "Distance assessment of detours by jumping spiders." Current Zoology 66, no. 3 (2019): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoz044.

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Abstract To take an indirect route (detour) in order to reach a specific target requires complex cognitive processes. Yet more demanding, from the cognitive point of view, is when the goal is only visible at the beginning of the detour. In spiders from the family Salticidae, vision is a key sensory modality mediating navigation and prey search. Their acute vision allows them to perform complicated detours, possibly as a consequence of the multitude of potential routes in their typically complex 3-dimensional habitats. We used a 4-route choice test, in which routes differed in being either shor

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Phaiboon, Supachai, and Pisit Phokharatkul. "Accurate Empirical Path Loss Models with Route Classification for mmWave Communications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (October 20, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2780029.

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This paper presents accurate empirical path loss models with route classification for the high band frequency of 5 G wireless. Propagation path routes are mainly classified into line of sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS). The NLOS routes are classified into 2 separate routes, namely, Hard_NLOS and Soft_NLOS. Their path loss models include free-space loss (Lfs) and multiscreen diffraction loss (Lmsd) together with the reflection from the building blocks. However, these NLOS routes can be combined into a single formula. The path loss models were fitted with measured path loss data at frequ

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Hordiienko, V., and O. Gryniuk. "Overview and description of hiking routes of the Bukovel Tourist Center." Constructive geography and rational use of natural resources 3, no. 2 (2023): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2786-4561.2023.3.2-2/13.

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This article focuses on the characteristics of hiking routes developed by the Bukovel Tourist Center. Summarizing the characteristics of the developed hiking routes, the article reveals such basic aspects of active tourism as marked hiking routes, the purpose of marking and the general requirements for marking signs. For a clearer understanding of marking signs, an example of a marking table, which is used in the described hiking routes, was presented. Attention was paid to the analysis of mountain ranges in which hiking routes were developed and their advantages were analyzed. The main part o

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Wuryaningrum, P., I. T. Yunianto, F. Hadi, and I. G. B. Santosa. "Planning on Perintis Shipping Rerouting By Utilizing Commercial Shipping: Case Study of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1298, no. 1 (2024): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1298/1/012030.

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Abstract Perintis shipping is an Indonesian government program that is a domestic subsidized shipping that connects islands in Indonesia to increase the connectivity, especially for underdeveloped, remote, and border areas, or called 3TP. As Perintis shipping services have grown, with more routes and voyages, subsidies have also increased. The aim of this paper is to explore possible solutions for reducing subsidies by analyzing routes that intersect with commercial shipping. The objective is to determine the optimal route by rerouting the current Perintis route and utilizing the commercial ro

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Hu, Wen-Chen, Naima Kaabouch, Hung-Jen Yang, and S. Hossein Mousavinezhad. "Route Anomaly Detection Using a Linear Route Representation." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/675605.

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A location-based service is a service based on the geographical position of a mobile handheld device like a smartphone. This research proposes location-based research, which uses location information to find route anomalies, a common problem of daily life. For example, an alert should be generated when a deliveryman does not follow his regular route to make deliveries. Different kinds of route anomalies are discussed and various methods for detecting the anomalies are proposed in this paper. The proposed method based on a linear route representation finds the matched routes from a set of store

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Deng, Yajuan, Xiaolei Ru, Ziqi Dou, and Guohua Liang. "Design of Bus Bridging Routes in Response to Disruption of Urban Rail Transit." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (2018): 4427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124427.

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Bus bridging has been widely used to connect stations affected by urban rail transit disruptions. This paper designs bus bridging routes for passengers in case of urban rail transit disruption. The types of urban rail transit disruption between Origin-Destination stations are summarized, and alternative bus bridging routes are listed. First, the feasible route generation method is established. Feasible routes for each pair of the disruption Origin-Destination stations include urban rail transit transfer, direct bus bridging, and indirect bus bridging. Then the feasible route generation model w

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22

Ardiansyah, Ahmad Yusuf, and Riyanarto Sarno. "Performance analysis of wireless sensor network with load balancing for data transmission using xbee zb module." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 1 (2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp88-100.

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<p><span>In general, research in the field of wireless sensor network (WSN) has never discussed the reliability aspect of network routing with router devices that can find new routes when damage occurs. </span><span lang="IN">To date, o</span><span>verloaded routers will be </span><span lang="IN">ignored</span><span> without any response that gives control which can reduce the quality of network performance. Therefore, we propose research using the AODV routing</span><span lang="IN">,</span><span> and Mesh rout

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Kwatra, Shubhika, Guncha Taneja, and Nimisha Nasa. "Alternative Routes of Drug Administration- Transdermal, Pulmonary & Parenteral." Indo Global Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 02, no. 04 (2012): 409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35652/igjps.2012.47.

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Oral Route is considered to be the most common route of drug delivery to obtain a systemic effect. However, with the recent developments in the field of drug delivery, it has been found that delivery through alternative routes is sometimes more beneficial. This article deals with the salient features, advantages and disadvantages of some of the alternative routes of drug administration- Transdermal, Pulmonary and Parenteral routes. Though the mechanisms of action of drugs delivered by these routes are different, they offer a common advantage- increased Therapeutic Index with simultaneously dec

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Et.al, Foo Yoke Ling. "Bus Ticketing System with Multiple Routes Suggestion." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (2021): 1816–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1010.

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An important part of the bus ticket booking system is the route. Online bus tickets are systems that integrate all the different bus organization routes. However, the existing online system only provides direct transportation to destinations. In many cases, customers will need to take some connecting buses before reaching their desired destination. Therefore, a multiple routes suggestion for bus ticketing system is introduced using an advance route generation algorithm. In addition to the basic features of the existing online system, the developed system offers recommended routes if the desire

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Laato, Samuli, Sampsa Rauti, Bastian Kordyaka, et al. "Gamification of walking in nature: A field experiment with Pokémon GO Routes." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8, CHI PLAY (2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3677075.

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There are numerous benefits from regularly walking in nature, and today's mobile technologies have the potential to encourage people to do so. Past research has showed that gamified map-based apps and location-based games (LBGs) have the capability to incentivize people to go to nature areas in cities and beyond. In this study, we explored LBGs' potential to bring people to nature by conducting a field experiment with a new mechanic called Routes in the popular LBG Pokémon GO. Prior to the Route feature's launch, we created altogether 13 Routes of various lengths in both city and nature landsc

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Lin, Xinyue, Zhenjiang Shen, Xiao Teng, and Qizhi Mao. "Cultural Routes as Cultural Tourism Products for Heritage Conservation and Regional Development: A Systematic Review." Heritage 7, no. 5 (2024): 2399–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage7050114.

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Cultural routes are a composite set of heritage sites that refer to historical routes of human communication. As key products of cultural tourism, they provide visitors with rich cultural experiences across regions. We systematically review reports and studies related to the tourism development of 38 cultural route cases worldwide, with a special focus on their distribution, typology, planning patterns, and tools for cultural tourism. We summarized eight tools and found some differences in how often these eight tools are used by the different types of routes and different planning patterns for

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Ti, Peng, Ruyu Dai, Fangyi Wan, Tao Xiong, Hao Wu, and Zhilin Li. "Influencing Pedestrians’ Route Choice Using Route Shape Simplification." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 2 (2023): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12020066.

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Pedestrians’ route choice is critical for several purposes, while deliberately changing map representations can influence map users’ route choice. Simplifying routes’ geometric shapes is one way to achieve this. However, the other geometric characteristics of routes (e.g., the relative distance of different routes, differences in initial orientation, the number of intersections, and the direction changes) also influence pedestrians’ route choice, per relevant research. Hence, this study conducted an experimental investigation to examine the influence of route shape simplification on pedestrian

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Horned, Arvid, Zoe Falomir, and Kai-Florian Richter. "Are routes aligned with the street network less complex? A comprehensive analysis." AGILE: GIScience Series 6 (June 9, 2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-6-27-2025.

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Abstract. The routes displayed on maps by navigation support systems are intended to help users to orient themselves towards reaching the destination and to infer information related to their navigation. Inferring how complex a route is, including how well you think you can remember it and the likelihood of getting lost, may influence expectations on how it is navigated. However, it is not well understood when and where a route displayed on a map is perceived as complex and why someone perceives it this way. Current methods for assessing complexity tend to focus either on (i) the complexity of

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KUDRIASHOV, A., A. MAZURENKO, V. KOMAR, and T. HAIDUK. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE ROUTE NETWORK OF THE CITY OF MARHANETS." Transport systems and transportation technologies, no. 24 (January 20, 2023): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/tstt2022/272053.

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Purpose. Carry out the formation of a new route and transport network in the city of Marganets and a comparative assessment of the routes of the existing and proposed route and transport network. Methodology. The design of a rational route transport network was carried out using methods of combinatorial analysis, graph theory was used to develop a topological scheme of routes, the search and final selection of "candidate" routes was performed on the basis of analytical methods. Findings. The formation of the outgoing route transport network of Marganets was completed; precinct routes were chec

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Westebbe, Leo, Yibiao Liang, and Erik Blaser. "The Accuracy and Precision of Memory for Natural Scenes: A Walk in the Park." Open Mind 8 (2024): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/opmi_a_00122.

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Abstract It is challenging to quantify the accuracy and precision of scene memory because it is unclear what ‘space’ scenes occupy (how can we quantify error when misremembering a natural scene?). To address this, we exploited the ecologically valid, metric space in which scenes occur and are represented: routes. In a delayed estimation task, participants briefly saw a target scene drawn from a video of an outdoor ‘route loop’, then used a continuous report wheel of the route to pinpoint the scene. Accuracy was high and unbiased, indicating there was no net boundary extension/contraction. Inte

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Ibrahim, A., B. Michael, Z. A. T. Suleyman, and O. B. Akintuyi. "Geospatial Approach to Route Optimisation for Security Architecture Improvement." Environmental Technology and Science Journal 14, no. 1 (2023): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/etsj.v14i1.8.

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Understanding the complexity of road networks is tiring, especially in finding the optimum routes for emergency response. Dynamic route optimisation is a decision-making process powered by mathematical models to formulate a strong basis for predicting the best path between any two points in a road network. Exploring the numerous interconnected routes in and out of a road network provides a strong foothold for securing lives and properties. This study presents the findings of route optimisation at the Federal University of Technology Minna, Gidan Kwano Campus. High Target Differential Global Po

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Ohn, Sung-Wook, and Ho Namgung. "A Proposal for Alternative Navigation Routes Following the Development of Offshore Wind Farms in the Waters of the Republic of Korea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 5 (2025): 980. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13050980.

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In the future, electricity generation through eco-friendly renewable energy will accelerate. Surrounded by sea on three sides, the Republic of Korea is gaining attention for offshore wind power as a future industry, leveraging advantages of its maritime environment. However, maritime navigation remains active in waters, with maritime transportation being crucial, as it accounts for over 95% of the country’s cargo volume. Therefore, ensuring the safety of vessel operations is vital when constructing offshore wind farms. This study proposed alternative routes to ensure the safety of vessels and

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Agustine, Debby, Ibnu Hadi Hadi, and Devi Eka Wardani Meganingtyas. "Masalah Vehicle Routing Problem Pada Pengiriman Barang di kota Bandung utara dengan menggunakan Kluster KMeans dan Algoritma Nearest Neighbor." JMT : Jurnal Matematika dan Terapan 4, no. 2 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jmt.4.2.1.

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The Vehiscle Routing Problem is an optimization problem in determining the route of packet distribution with limited vehicle capacity. Routing in the distribution of packets is important so that the shortest route will be sought so that the package arrives on time. One of the algorithms that discusses the search for vehicle routes with VRP problems is the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm, as for the stages in finding the best route by enumerating all possible sequences of existing routes and selecting the best set of routes in order to find the shortest route from one node to all other nodes. so it

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Yang, Jie, and Yangsheng Jiang. "Application of Modified NSGA-II to the Transit Network Design Problem." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (August 1, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3753601.

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The transit network design problem involves determining a certain number of routes to operate in an urban area to balance the costs of the passengers and the operator. In this paper, we simultaneously determine the route structure of each route and the number of routes in the final solution. A novel initial route set generation algorithm and a route set size alternating heuristic are embedded into a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II- (NSGA-II-) based solution framework to produce the approximate Pareto front. The initial route set generation algorithm aims to generate high-quality init

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Mhamedi, Tayeb, Henrik Andersson, Marilène Cherkesly, and Guy Desaulniers. "A Branch-Price-and-Cut Algorithm for the Two-Echelon Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows." Transportation Science 56, no. 1 (2022): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2021.1092.

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In this paper, we propose an exact branch-price-and-cut (BPC) algorithm for the two-echelon vehicle routing problem with time windows. This problem arises in city logistics when high-capacity and low-capacity vehicles are used to transport items from depots to satellites (first echelon) and from satellites to customers (second echelon), respectively. The aim is to determine a set of least-cost first- and second-echelon routes such that the load on the routes respect the capacity of the vehicles, each second-echelon route is supplied by exactly one first-echelon route, and each customer is visi

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Schmidl, Martin, Gerhard Navratil, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. "An Approach to Assess the Effect of Currentness of Spatial Data on Routing Quality." AGILE: GIScience Series 2 (June 4, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-2-13-2021.

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Abstract. During spatial decision making, the quality of the utilized data is of high importance. During navigation these decisions are crucial for being routed to the desired destination (usually going by the shortest or fastest route). Road networks, the main data source for routing, are prone to changes which can have a big impact on the computed route and therefore on travel time. For instance, routes computed using an outdated street network can result in longer travel times, in longer distance, as well in cases where the desired destination might not be anymore reachable via the computed

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Shen, Yao. "Review of Material Distribution Route Optimization." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 19, no. 1 (2025): 51–54. https://doi.org/10.54097/8kjb8q97.

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The optimization of material distribution routes is an important research field, aiming to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of material distribution by optimizing the distribution routes. This paper provides a review of the research on the optimization of material distribution routes. Firstly, it introduces the background and significance of the problem. Then, it describes the problem. Subsequently, it reviews and evaluates the research progress on different types of material distribution route optimization problems. Finally, it summarizes the current research status and existing challenges

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Viljoen, Johannes, Francois Viljoen, and Jaré Struwig. "Pro-poor tourism routes: the Open Africa experience." Acta Academica: Critical views on society, culture and politics 42, no. 4 (2010): 65–90. https://doi.org/10.38140/aa.v42i4.1267.

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Tourism development in South Africa has been inconsistent and has failed to fulfil the promises of pro-poor development. Tourism routes have been touted as a promising means of supporting pro-poor tourism. However, in practice, established tourism route models benefit well-resourced establishments and do little to effectively include disadvantaged communities. This article explores the role of tourism routes as a pro-poor tool by outlining the practical problems of both supporting established routes and developing new ones. The Open Africa tourism route development methodology, its limitations

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Kondra, Artur, Valeriia Savchuk, Sergiy Pasichnyk, Nataliia Kunanets, and Hanna Мashika. "Development of information system for planning personalized tourist routes." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 2(75) (2024): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2024.298422.

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The object of research is processes of information and technological planning of tourist trips. The article analyzes the processes of information technology planning of tourist trips and develops an information system for personalized planning of tourist routes using graph theory. The paper describes in detail a new approach to the formation of optimal routes based on graph models and the analysis of personal preferences of users. The developed information system uses graph theory to represent and optimize tourist routes, taking into account various criteria such as distance, travel time, and

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Mouro, Viviane G. S., Ana L. P. Martins, Janaina Silva, et al. "Subacute Testicular Toxicity to Cadmium Exposure Intraperitoneally and Orally." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (November 25, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3429635.

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The toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) on reproductive parameters are widely described in the literature. Experimental models often make use of the intraperitoneal route (i.p.), although human intoxication occurs preferentially by the oral route and can be continuous. However, little is known about the effect of Cd administration routes on the testicular structure. Thus, this study investigated the testicular impact of Cd exposure comparing both i.p. and oral routes, both single dose (SD), in addition to the oral route in fractional doses (FD). Swiss adult male mice received CdCl2 1.5 mg/kg i.p., 3

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Laffey, Stephen C., Louie Nan Liu, and Ed J. Christopher. "Statistical Analysis of Mean Route Travel Times on Seven Primary Arterials in Chicago Metropolitan Region." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1625, no. 1 (1998): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1625-14.

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Presented is a statistical approach for examining multiple years of travel time data to determine if any trends can be quantified reliably by using only 4 years of observed data. Empirical data for 80 routes covering more than 4025 km were collected in the summers of 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997 and compiled into a database for public release in the fall of 1997. From this database, seven routes were selected then sampled over all 4 years. These seven routes are primary arterials of regional significance in northeastern Illinois. A multiple regression analysis was performed on the seven arterial

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Liu, Lu. "Terminal Airspace Capacity Evaluation Model under Weather Condition from Perspective of a Controller." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2018 (June 10, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4728648.

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A route network lays in the terminal airspace. The route network can be divided into multiple subnetworks according to sectors. When severe weather conditions occur, a controller takes measures to obtain safe operation of flights, such as navigation guidance or changing the availability of routes. In such circumstances, the route structure of a subnetwork is changed, and the controller’s attention paid to each route is also changed as well as the unit workload on it. As the subnetwork is handled by one controller, capacities of routes in it are associated. We find the way to determine the “rel

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Zyrianov, Aleksandr I., and Inna S. Zyrianova. "Planning of the Interregional Tourist Route in the Urals." Quaestiones Geographicae 40, no. 2 (2021): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2021-0018.

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Abstract The article aims to attract the attention of geographers to the development of technology for the design of tourist routes. The world and Russian experience of designing long interregional tourist routes is considered. The authors’ approaches to route design are illustrated by the example of the Urals. Interregional tourist routes in Russia are actively developed with the support of the government. They are initiated by interacting regions and especially federal districts. Interregional routes are tours covering several adjacent regions or regions that are close not territorially, but

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Luong, Trang D., Divyakant Tahlyan, and Abdul R. Pinjari. "Comprehensive Exploratory Analysis of Truck Route Choice Diversity in Florida." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 9 (2018): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118784175.

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This study presents a comprehensive exploratory analysis of truck route choice diversity in the state of Florida, for both long-haul and short-haul truck travel segments. It employs six metrics to measure three different dimensions of diversity in truck route choice between any given origin–destination (OD) pair. These dimensions are: (a) number of distinct routes used to travel between the OD pair, (b) the extent of overlap (or lack thereof) among the routes, and (c) the evenness (or dominance) in the usage of different unique routes. The diversity metrics were applied to a large database of

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Arif, Arif Chandra Setiawan, and Suseno Suseno. "USULAN RUTE PENDISTRIBUSI MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA CLARKE AND WRIGHT SAVINGS DAN SEQUENTIAL INSERTION." JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK INDUSTRI DAN INOVASI 2, no. 3 (2024): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59024/jisi.v2i3.727.

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In this research, data was taken from the distribution route which was recorded by the cashier at the Cahaya Kristal Tube Ice Ice Factory which is located on Jl, Damai, Prujakan Tambakan Village, Sinduharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman Yogyakarta. Then the data is processed using the Clarke and Wright Savings Algorithm and Sequential Insertion with the aim of providing the best or most effective route suggestions and then comparing the two methods to produce the Travel Route Distance and Distribution Costs. By using the Clarke and Wright Saving Algorithm, we get 2 vehicle routes which produce a combined r

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Kemp, Peter A. "Escape routes from poverty." Benefits: A Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 13, no. 3 (2005): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.51952/vrwe4908.

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In recent years, researchers have begun to move away from a static, cross-sectional analysis of poverty to examine income dynamics, including routes into and out of poverty. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of what is known from quantitative research on routes out of income poverty. It shows that there is a diversity of routes out of poverty, with some routes being more important for some types of household than for others. The research supports the Labour government’s argument that work is the surest route out of poverty. But it also shows that it is not a guaranteed one, as

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Ayu Trisna Adhiswari Wedagama, Dewa, Ni Putu Delima Yogeswari Saraswati, and Luh Putu Egarustari. "Evaluasi dan Perencanaan Angkutan Sekolah di Kabupaten Gianyar." COMSERVA Indonesian Jurnal of Community Services and Development 2, no. 11 (2023): 2820–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v2i11.687.

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Gianyar got the position of fifth rank from all regencys in Bali Province as the highest number of schools, it has 382 schools. The highest number of schools in one region can make traffic density so it will cause congestion or crowded, because road capacity is inadequate. To overcome this problem, the Gianyar District Transportation Office held a free school transport program in the form of the Trans Harmoni Bus which has been operating since 2016 and Trans Gianyar transportation which was inaugurated on October 19, 2018. This research aims to evaluate the performance of school transport that

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Febriyanti, Dian Erliana, Rangga Primadasa, and Sugoro Bhakti Sutono. "Determination of Distribution Routes Using the Saving Matrix Method to Minimize Shipping Costs at PT. SUKUN TRANSPORT LOGISTICS." Spektrum Industri 20, no. 1 (2022): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/si.v20i1.18.

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PT. Sukun Transport Logistics is a company engaged in shipping,logistics and also transportation vehicle rental services. Theproblems faced by PT. Sukun Transport Logistics is a lack oftransport vehicle capacity, causing the use of transport vehiclesthat are not suitable and the distribution of sub-routes is notbalanced. Therefore, to overcome these problems, it is necessaryto determine the optimal distribution route using the saving matrixmethod. The saving matrix method is a method to shortenmileage, estimate distribution time and minimize shipping costs atPT. Sukun Transport Logistics. From

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Pettit, Benjamin, Andrea Flack, Robin Freeman, Tim Guilford, and Dora Biro. "Not just passengers: pigeons, Columba livia , can learn homing routes while flying with a more experienced conspecific." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1750 (2013): 20122160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.2160.

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For animals that travel in groups, the directional choices of conspecifics are potentially a rich source of information for spatial learning. In this study, we investigate how the opportunity to follow a locally experienced demonstrator affects route learning by pigeons over repeated homing flights. This test of social influences on navigation takes advantage of the individually distinctive routes that pigeons establish when trained alone. We found that pigeons learn routes just as effectively while flying with a partner as control pigeons do while flying alone. However, rather than learning t

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Siahaan, Neagel Banderas Zepanya, Sutan Parasian Silitonga, and Ina Elvina. "Analysis of Student Route Choice Model to University of Palangka Raya Using Multilogit Nomial Method." Sainteks: Jurnal Sain dan Teknik 6, no. 1 (2024): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37577/sainteks.v6i1.618.

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The various types of routes or traffic routes that will be taken to University of Palangka Raya require route selection so that it can be efficient in distance, travel time and cost. In the selection of this road network route, route selection will be analyzed from the results of field calculations with the perceptions of road users. The data is analyzed with the help of the SPSS application so that it can be seen which routes are most attractive to students when traveling to University of Palangka Raya, factors that influence students in choosing routes to University of Palangka Raya, and cha

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