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Journal articles on the topic 'Routine analyses'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Cohen, Matthew, Rao S. Mylavarapu, Ismail Bogrekci, W. S. Lee, and Mark W. Clark. "REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR ROUTINE AGRONOMIC SOIL ANALYSES." Soil Science 172, no. 6 (2007): 469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ss.0b013e31804fa202.

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Porcel, Jose M. "HANDLING PLEURAL FLUID SAMPLES FOR ROUTINE ANALYSES." Plevra Bulteni 7, no. 2 (2013): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/pb.2013.06.

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Lindbäck, Bengt, Evi Ullsten, and Ingemar Björkehem. "Is accuracy of clinical chemical routine analyses increasing?" Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 48, no. 4 (1988): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365518809167510.

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Havskum, H., L. Schlüter, R. Scharek, E. Berdalet, and S. Jacquet. "Routine quantification of phytoplankton groups—microscopy or pigment analyses?" Marine Ecology Progress Series 273 (2004): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps273031.

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Nowak, J. Joshua, Paul M. Lukacs, Mark A. Hurley, et al. "Customized software to streamline routine analyses for wildlife management." Wildlife Society Bulletin 42, no. 1 (2017): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.841.

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Dodd, James P., and Ian N. James. "Diagnosing the global hydrological cycle from routine atmospheric analyses." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 122, no. 535 (1996): 1475–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712253502.

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Villela, Darine, Patricia C. Mazzonetto, Michele P. Migliavacca, et al. "Congenital chromoanagenesis in the routine postnatal chromosomal microarray analyses." American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 185, no. 8 (2021): 2335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.62237.

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Halley, Scott. "Mapping Magmatic and Hydrothermal Processes from Routine Exploration Geochemical Analyses." Economic Geology 115, no. 3 (2020): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4722.

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Abstract Analytical methods used by commercial assay laboratories have improved enormously in recent years. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry methods now report analyses for half of the periodic table with exceptional detection limits and precision. It is becoming commonplace for mining companies to use such methods routinely for the analysis of drill samples throughout mineral deposits. Improvements in software and computing power now allow rapid interrogation of upward of 100,000 assay samples. Geochemical analyses are quantitative, are independent of observer bias, and can form the basis for robust geologic and mineralogical models of mineral deposits, as well as shed light on scientific questions. In particular, consistently collected, high-quality geochemical analyses can significantly improve and systematize logging of lithological and hydrothermal alteration mineralogic changes within drill core. In addition, abundant, high-quality geochemical data provide insights into magmatic and hydrothermal processes that were previously difficult to recognize and that have obvious applications to mineral exploration and improved genetic models of ore deposits. This paper describes a workflow that mining industry geologists can apply to their multielement analysis data to extract more information about magma compositions and gangue mineralogy.

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Kosova, Sercin, and Merve Koca Kosova. "The effect of score types on total score in trampoline gymnastics: Example of the European Championship in Sochi 2021." Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports 25, no. 6 (2021): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2021.0602.

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Background and Study Aim. Trampoline gymnastics has a versatile scoring system that has evolved and become more complex over the years. This study aimed to find the effect of the difficulty (D), execution (E), time of flight (TOF), and horizontal displacement (HD) scores on the total score in male and female trampoline gymnasts. Material and Methods. The results of the first round in the qualification round in the individual senior category of the 27th European Championships in Trampoline Gymnastics were used for evaluation. Multiple regression analysis (the enter method) was performed to build a model between the total score and D, E, TOF, and HD scores. Results. According to multiple regression analyses, respectively E, TOF, D, and HD scores were predictors of the total score in the men’s first routine, and D, E, TOF, and HD in the men’s second routine (p<0.05). Although women have the same ranking as the men of the second routines, respectively E, D, TOF, and HD scores were predictors of the first routine (p<0.05). Conclusions. The results show that the E score is critical for the first routines and the D score is critical for the second routines. The fact that the first and second routines were constructed with different strategies as per the competition rules may have caused this result. By reminding coaches and athletes of the fact that the types of scores can affect each other, it can be suggested that they adjust their target scores according to the type of routine and the stage and type of competition.

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Gallacher, Daniel, and Felix Achana. "Assessing the Health Economic Agreement of Different Data Sources." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 18, no. 1 (2018): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x1801800114.

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In this article, we present a simple-to-use framework for assessing the agreement of cost-effectiveness endpoints generated from different sources of data. The aim of this package is to enable the rapid assessment of routine data for use in cost-effectiveness analyses. By quantifying the comparability of routine data with “gold-standard” trial data, we inform decisions on the suitability of routine data for cost-effectiveness analysis. The rapid identification of informative routine data will increase the opportunity for economic analyses and potentially reduce the cost and burden of collecting patient-reported data in clinical trials.

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Ehlermann, D. A. E. "Comparison of ESR/TLD analyses for quartz as routine dosimeter." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 47, no. 11-12 (1996): 1547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(96)00207-2.

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Minkkinen, Pentti. "Monitoring the precision of routine analyses by using duplicate determinations." Analytica Chimica Acta 191 (1986): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)86322-9.

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Yu, Li‐Rong, Haleem J. Issaq, Thomas P. Conrads, et al. "Evaluation of Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Routine Proteome Analyses." Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 26, no. 20 (2003): 3331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/jlc-120025593.

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Bhat, S. P. "DNA Sequencing on Minigels: An Alternative Technique for Routine Analyses." Analytical Biochemistry 212, no. 2 (1993): 560–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.1993.1369.

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Gunneberg, A., M. G. Gillett, and D. J. Goldie. "A High Serum Concentration of Azlocillin Affects Routine Biochemical Analyses." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 30, no. 3 (1993): 329–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329303000319.

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Robinson, T. N., W. L. Biffl, E. E. Moore, J. K. Heimbach, C. M. Calkins, and J. Burch. "Routine preoperative laboratory analyses are unnecessary before elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy." Surgical Endoscopy 17, no. 3 (2003): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-002-8540-4.

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Asmerom, Y., V. Polyak, J. Schwieters, and C. Bouman. "Routine high-precision U–Th isotope analyses for paleoclimate chronology." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, no. 18 (2006): A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.061.

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Lund, Allan Meldgaard, Flemming Wibrand, Kristin Skogstrand, et al. "Use of Molecular Genetic Analyses in Danish Routine Newborn Screening." International Journal of Neonatal Screening 7, no. 3 (2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijns7030050.

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Historically, the analyses used for newborn screening (NBS) were biochemical, but increasingly, molecular genetic analyses are being introduced in the workflow. We describe the application of molecular genetic analyses in the Danish NBS programme and show that second-tier molecular genetic testing is useful to reduce the false positive rate while simultaneously providing information about the precise molecular genetic variant and thus informing therapeutic strategy and easing providing information to parents. When molecular genetic analyses are applied as second-tier testing, valuable functional data from biochemical methods are available and in our view, such targeted NGS technology should be implemented when possible in the NBS workflow. First-tier NGS technology may be a promising future possibility for disorders without a reliable biomarker and as a general approach to increase the adaptability of NBS for a broader range of genetic diseases, which is important in the current landscape of quickly evolving new therapeutic possibilities. However, studies on feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity are needed as well as more insight into what views the general population has towards using genetic analyses in NBS. This may be sensitive to some and could have potentially negative consequences for the NBS programme.

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Ruscitto, Daniel, Nathaniel McKeever, and Alberto Santamaria-Pang. "Customized Automation of Routine EPMA Analyses Using Vendor-Supplied APIs." Microscopy and Microanalysis 27, S1 (2021): 1610–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927621005924.

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Hackenberg, Berit, Magdalena Pölzl, Christoph Matthias, and Julian Künzel. "Cost and Value of Routine Histopathologic Analysis after Adenoidectomy and Tonsillectomy." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 24, no. 04 (2020): e429-e433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402493.

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Abstract Introduction Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are common procedures. Most surgeries in children and young adults are recommended due to recurring infections or obstructive constraints. However, occult malignant findings are reported in the literature. The clinical guidelines still refrain from recommending routine histopathologic analyses when discussing these procedures. Objective The present study aims to define the value of a routine histopathologic analysis after tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy and tonsillotomy. Methods We conducted a prospective survey including all German ear, nose and throat (ENT) departments, asking physicians about their current clinical practice and opinion. Furthermore, we reviewed all patients attending our department for tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy/tonsillotomy or a combination of these procedures between 2011 and 2016. In addition to this, a cost analysis was conducted to assess the financial burden of a routine histopathologic analysis. Results Most German ENT departments perform a routine histopathologic analysis after tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy/tonsillotomy. Despite this, only a minority deemed this approach necessary. Our retrospective review of the histopathologic analysis after tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy/tonsillotomy in our department rendered a cohort size of 2,157 patients. Within this group, there were no occult malignant findings. We found a yearly burden of 2,509,401€ for routine histopathologic analyses in patients under the age of 15 years in Germany in 2016. Conclusion We found a divergence between the physicians opinions and their current clinical practice concerning the question of whether to conduct routine histopathologic analyses. Even though there was no occult malignant finding in our cohort, unsuspected malignant findings are reported in the literature. Therefore, we call for a discussion on clinical practice guidelines.

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Kala, Robert, Eva Samková, Oto Hanuš, Lenka Pecová, Kęstutis Sekmokas, and Dalia Riaukienė. "Milk Protein Analysis: An Overview of the Methods – Development and Application." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 67, no. 1 (2019): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967010345.

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Milk protein content is an important component of milk, especially from a nutritional point of view and also for payment purposes. The aim of work was to draw up an overview on reference and routine methods for protein determination. Reference methods perform accurate analyses comply according to the International Standard ISO whereas routine methods perform analyses using routine instrumental techniques for faster and cheaper results with acceptable accuracy and a large number of processed samples. In most of cases, using of routine indirect methods for milk protein analysis requires their specific calibrations according to biological kind of measured milk (cow’s, goat’s or sheep’s milk) or specific conditions of milk technology treatment. Also, the quality control measures have a significant role for result determination reliability.

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Annunziata, Joseph, Michael L. Miller, David C. Park, George Vlad, Govind Bhagat, and Bachir Alobeid. "Detection of Nonhematologic Neoplasms by Routine Flow Cytometry Analysis." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 153, no. 1 (2019): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz138.

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Abstract Objectives We investigated the ability of routine flow cytometry (FC) to detect nonhematologic neoplasms (non-HN) using antibody panels routinely used for the diagnosis of hematologic neoplasms. Methods FC analyses of 4,000 various diagnostic samples were retrospectively reviewed to identify cases in which an aberrant, viable CD45-negative, nonhematologic neoplastic population was detected by FC panels designed to evaluate hematologic neoplasms. Results A total of 57 (1.4%) diverse non-HNs were identified, representing neuroendocrine tumors (33/57) and carcinomas (9/57), as well as other malignancies (15/57) such as sarcoma and melanoma. The majority of neoplasms were positive for at least one antibody, typically CD56 (43/51, 84.3%), followed by CD117 (15/34, 44.1%) and CD138 (6/33, 18.2%). Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of carefully inspecting CD45-negative events to identify non-HNs by routine FC analysis. This can help expedite further downstream immunophenotypic analysis of specimens and triage samples for appropriate genetic and molecular studies.

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Neptune, R. R. "Optimization Algorithm Performance in Determining Optimal Controls in Human Movement Analyses." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 121, no. 2 (1999): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2835111.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of different multivariate optimization algorithms by solving a “tracking” problem using a forward dynamic model of pedaling. The tracking problem was defined as solving for the muscle controls (muscle stimulation onset, offset, and magnitude) that minimized the error between experimentally collected kinetic and kinematic data and the simulation results of pedaling at 90 rpm and 250 W. Three different algorithms were evaluated: a downhill simplex method, a gradient-based sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and a simulated annealing global optimization routine. The results showed that the simulated annealing algorithm performed far superior to the conventional routines by converging more rapidly and avoiding local minima.

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Ross, SD, D. Frame, A. Winterkorn, and K. Fahrbach. "PIN32 ANALYSES FROM ROUTINE PATIENT CARE SETTINGS FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH PURPOSES." Value in Health 10, no. 3 (2007): A169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)69053-5.

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Patnaik, Santosh K., and Olga O. Blumenfeld. "Use of On-Line Tools and Databases for Routine Sequence Analyses." Analytical Biochemistry 289, no. 1 (2001): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.2000.4881.

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Boerma, G. J. M. "Are routine clinical chemistry analyses ‘in control’ according to shewhart's technique?" Statistics in Medicine 4, no. 3 (1985): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780040317.

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Phillips, A. Maury, Barry K. Logan, and David T. Stafford. "Further applications for capillary gas chromatography in routine quantitative toxicological analyses." Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13, no. 11 (1990): 754–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240131106.

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Hyung, Eugenia, and François L. H. Tissot. "Routine high-precision Nd isotope analyses: an optimized chromatographic purification scheme." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 36, no. 9 (2021): 1946–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ja00169h.

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We present an optimized α-HIBA column chromatography method for Nd for high-precision isotope analyses (±2–5 ppm). It produces consistently high yields (>95%) and extremely good separation of Ce, Pr and Sm from Nd.

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Holdsworth, D. A., and I. M. Reid. "The Buckland Park MF radar: routine observation scheme and velocity comparisons." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 11 (2004): 3815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-3815-2004.

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Abstract. This paper describes the routine observations scheme implemented for the Buckland Park medium frequency (BPMF) radar. These observations are rare among current MF/HF radar observations in that they are made using a relatively narrow transmit polar diagram. The flexibility of the radar allows a number of analyses to be performed simultaneously. The analyses described include the full correlation analysis (FCA), spatial correlation analysis (SCA), hybrid Doppler interferometry (HDI) and imaging Doppler interferometry (IDI) for observations of mesospheric dynamics and the temporal and spatial characteristics of their scatterers, the differential absorption experiment (DAE) for the estimation of electron densities and collision frequencies, and meteor analysis for estimation of meteor height, time and angle of arrival (AOA) distributions. Intercomparisons between wind velocities estimated using the FCA with SCA, HDI and IDI techniques are presented. The FCA velocities exhibit the well-known "triangle size effect" (TSE), whereby the wind velocity is underestimated at smaller antenna spacings. Although the SCA, IDI and HDI techniques were not applied concurrently, comparisons using FCA as a reference suggest these techniques produce velocities in good agreement.

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Weidner, Amanda, Nancy Stevens, and Grace Shih. "Associations Between Program-Level Abortion Training and Graduate Preparation for and Provision of Reproductive Care." Family Medicine 51, no. 9 (2019): 750–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2019.219951.

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Background and Objectives: The role of training in the declining rate of family physicians’ provision of women’s reproductive health care is unclear. No requirements for abortion training exist, and curricula vary widely. This study assessed the impact of program-level abortion training availability on graduates’ feelings of training adequacy and their postgraduate practice in reproductive health. Methods: We conducted secondary analysis of graduate survey data from 18 family medicine residency programs in the Northwest categorized by whether or not their program routinely offered abortion training (opt out or elective rotation). We used bivariate analyses and logistic regression to compare groups on preparation for training and current clinical practice of women’s health procedures. Results: Six of 18 programs included in the study had routinely available abortion training for graduates (N=408). In bivariate analysis, these programs with routine abortion training had significantly more graduates who report feeling prepared to perform abortions (19% vs 10%; P=.01), but no difference in likelihood to provide abortion care postresidency compared to programs without routine abortion training. In adjusted analyses, graduates of programs with routine abortion training were significantly less likely to feel prepared for performing colposcopies (OR=0.45, 95% CI, 0.26-0.78; P&lt;.01) and to actually perform them in practice (OR=0.32, 95% CI, 0.18-0.57; P&lt;.001); all other differences are attenuated. Conclusions: Program-level abortion training alone is not enough to overcome the systems- and individual-level barriers to increasing the numbers of trained family medicine residency graduates who provide abortion care and other reproductive care in practice. More must be done to create opportunities for family physicians interested in providing full-spectrum care in their postgraduate practices to be able to do so.

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Tendl, Kristina A., and Zsuzsanna Bago-Horvath. "Molecular profiling in breast cancer—ready for clinical routine?" memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology 13, no. 4 (2020): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12254-020-00578-0.

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SummaryThe herald of genomic testing opened novel diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities for many tumor entities. For breast cancer, molecular profiling has become an integral part of disease management on multiple levels. Genetic testing allows for the identification of hereditary cancer syndromes in patients with a family history of malignancies and contributes to the successful prevention of breast cancer. In early breast cancer, several prospective randomized trials demonstrated the prognostic significance of commercially available mRNA-based gene expression analyses, which now have become part of standard of care in the adjuvant setting. In advanced breast cancer, testing for targetable mutations ensures personalized cancer treatment. Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors provide the first targeted alternative for patients with BRCA 1/2-associated breast cancer. In advanced breast cancer of luminal type, the detection of Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate 3-Kinase Catalytic Subunit Alpha (PIK3CA) mutations provides a novel treatment option with alpelisib, a PIK3CA inhibitor. Further targetable mutations include NTRK3 in rare cases of secretory breast carcinoma and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Recent data support the importance of the analysis of circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA. These “liquid biopsies” open novel possibilities of molecular profiling. However, clinical benefit of such analyses remains to be confirmed.

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Smith, A., M. E. Nielsen, A. Manvar, et al. "Reported patterns of utilization of intravesical therapy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Results from the BCAN/SUO/AUA/LUGPA electronic survey." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 7_suppl (2011): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.267.

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267 Background: Guidelines recommend intravesical chemotherapy and immunotherapy in the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to reduce the risks of recurrence and potentially progression. Nevertheless, recent claims-based analyses have suggested exceedingly low rates of utilization of some of these therapies in practice. In general, there is a paucity of data to inform our understanding of current patterns of care. Methods: An electronic survey was developed by the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network (BCAN) to elicit self-reported practices of utilization of intravesical chemo- and immuno-therapy for patients with NMIBC. The survey was circulated to urologists via the AUA, SUO and LUGPA distribution lists. 512 respondents completed the survey. Results: Overall, 63% of respondents reported routine administration of perioperative mitomycin-c (MMC) after TURBT [80% of SUO respondents vs. 55% of AUA/LUGPA respondents (p<0.001)]. Whereas 5% of respondents reported routine induction therapy with all new low-grade (LG) diagnoses, 99% reported routinely doing so in new high-grade (HG) cases; most commonly with single- agent BCG (94%; vs. 9% BCG/IFN and 5% MMC). Reported induction therapy was higher in the setting of high-volume (77%) or frequently recurrent LG (44%) disease. 89% reported routinely using maintenance therapy for HG, vs. 29% for LG. Reduced strength BCG was most commonly endorsed only in the settings of poor tolerance of full strength (84%) or maintenance (11%), with only 3% endorsing routine use. Routine post-BCG biopsy, even with normal cystoscopy, was endorsed by 28% of respondents, and 64% of respondents used urine-based markers to assess response to intravesical therapy. Conclusions: Urologists report grade-specific patterns of utilization of intravesical therapy for NMIBC, at rates higher than suggested in some claims-based analyses. Variation exists in post-treatment followup practices. Further study is needed to rectify these self-reported patterns of care with results from claims-based analyses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Reyns, Bradford W. "A routine activity perspective on online victimisation." Journal of Financial Crime 22, no. 4 (2015): 396–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-06-2014-0030.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to test a comprehensive routine activity framework on three types of online victimization. Prior research has utilized routine activity theory to explain varied online forms of victimization, but most have focused on its person-based forms. The present study, therefore, expands upon this research to examine the effects of online exposure, online target suitability and online guardianship upon phishing, hacking and malware infection victimization. Design/methodology/approach – Secondary data from the 23rd Cycle of the Canadian GSS were used to address the study’s research questions using binary logistic regression analyses. Findings – Particular online behaviors were consistently and positively related to all three types of online victimization, including booking/making reservations, social networking and having one’s information posted online. Other online routines exhibited unique effects on online victimization risk. Originality/value – In support of the theory, the results suggest that online exposure and target suitability increase risks for phishing, hacking and malware victimization. Online guardianship was also positively related to victimization, a finding that runs counter to theoretical expectations.

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Rasti, Reza, Johanna Brännström, Andreas Mårtensson, et al. "Point-of-care testing in a high-income country paediatric emergency department: a qualitative study in Sweden." BMJ Open 11, no. 11 (2021): e054234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054234.

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ObjectivesIn many resource-limited health systems, point-of-care tests (POCTs) are the only means for clinical patient sample analyses. However, the speed and simplicity of POCTs also makes their use appealing to clinicians in high-income countries (HICs), despite greater laboratory accessibility. Although also part of the clinical routine in HICs, clinician perceptions of the utility of POCTs are relatively unknown in such settings as compared with others. In a Swedish paediatric emergency department (PED) where POCT use is routine, we aimed to characterise healthcare providers’ perspectives on the clinical utility of POCTs and explore their implementation in the local setting; to discuss and compare such perspectives, to those reported in other settings; and finally, to gather requests for ideal novel POCTs.DesignQualitative focus group discussions study. A data-driven content analysis approach was used for analysis.SettingThe PED of a secondary paediatric hospital in Stockholm, Sweden.ParticipantsTwenty-four healthcare providers clinically active at the PED were enrolled in six focus groups.ResultsA range of POCTs was routinely used. The emerging theme Utility of our POCT use is double-edged illustrated the perceived utility of POCTs. While POCT services were considered to have clinical and social value, the local routine for their use was named to distract clinicians from the care for patients. Requests were made for ideal POCTs and their implementation.ConclusionDespite their clinical integration, deficient implementation routines limit the benefits of POCT services to this well-resourced paediatric clinic. As such deficiencies are shared with other settings, it is suggested that some characteristics of POCTs and of their utility are less related to resource level and more to policy deficiency. To address this, we propose the appointment of skilled laboratory personnel as ambassadors to hospital clinics offering POCT services, to ensure higher utility of such services.

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Kalnicky, Dennis J. "A Combined Fundamental Alphas/Curve Fitting Algorithm for Routine XRF Sample Analysis." Advances in X-ray Analysis 29 (1985): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800010570.

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AbstractAnalysis of sample composition and/or thickness in a routine, process-control or monitoring environment generally requires rapid turn-around time with minimal sample handling. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) is well-suited for these kinds of analyses and has been applied to various bulk and thin sample applications (1-7). This technique is rapid, precise, non-destructive, and requires minimal sample handling.X-ray Fluorescence is generally considered a secondary analysis technique, that is, instrumentation must be calibrated using known standards before unknown samples may be analyzed (quantitative analysis). Continuing work on standardless approaches, particularly for Energy-Dispersive XRF (EOXRF) systems, relax this requirement for some samples but the large share of XRF analyses still require calibration with standards. A number of mathematical and non-matheraatical techniques have been devised to calibrate XRF measurements for many different sample types (1,2,8,9).

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Coory, Michael, Danny Youlden, and Philip Baker. "Interpretation of hospital-specific outcome measures based on routine data." Australian Health Review 25, no. 4 (2002): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah020069.

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Hospital-specific outcome measures based on routine data are useful for stimulating interest in quality of care and for suggesting avenues for more in-depth analyses. They might also identify serious, once-in-a-lifetime failures of health care. However, such analyses are not definitive. They are a way of screening large amounts of routine data and, like all screening tools, they can generate false positives and false negatives. This is because differences in outcome measures across hospitals can be due to differences in types of patients seen (casemix), differences in data quality, and the play of chance; rather than differences in the quality of care. End-users of such analyses should be aware of these technical difficulties, otherwise skilled health workers in high-quality hospitals might be subjected to unwarranted criticism.

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Meckin, Robert. "Changing Infrastructural Practices: Routine and Reproducibility in Automated Interdisciplinary Bioscience." Science, Technology, & Human Values 45, no. 6 (2019): 1220–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243919893757.

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Proponents of engineering and design approaches to biology aim to make interdisciplinary bioscience research faster and more reproducible. This paper outlines and deploys a practice-based approach to analyses of infrastructure that focuses on the routine epistemic activities and charts how two such routines are unsettled and resettled in the background of epistemic culture. This paper describes attempts to bring about new research infrastructures in synthetic biology using robotics and software-enabled design. A focus on the skills of pipetting shows how established manual labor has to be reconfigured to fit with novel robotic automations. An analysis of curating frozen materials shows that automated design presents new problems for the established activities of storing and retrieving biological materials. These movements, while transient, have implications for organizing interdisciplinary collaboration, research productivity, and enabling greater reproducibility. This paper explores the idea of infrastructure as practice and shows how this has important implications for studies of research infrastructures. This article discusses the main contributions of this approach for analysts of infrastructure in terms of movements, temporalities, and ethics and offers suggestions for what the research implies for synthetic biology.

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Tomassy, Melissa, Aline "Lynn" Moore, Ashley Peacock, Justin Wright, and Peggy Ward-Smith. "Ambulation of hospitalized patients: Knowledge, values, and barriers of direct care providers." Clinical Nursing Studies 8, no. 4 (2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/cns.v8n4p60.

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The desire to ambulate hospitalized patients is tempered by their risk of falling. Research articulates the health-related benefits of ambulation, yet routinely providing this intervention is challenging. This descriptive survey-design study obtained data from consented licensed and unlicensed direct-care providers, which assessed their knowledge, values, and perceived barriers associated with routine ambulation of patients receiving care in a hospital setting. Analyses of these data conclude that the subjects were knowledgeable about and value ambulating patients. The most frequently cited barrier to routine ambulation was an inadequate staff number, followed closely by an unexpected rise in volume and patient acuity. Interventions aimed at improving the ambulation of patients should include the results of this study.

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Christakis, Dimitri A., Eric Harvey, Danielle M. Zerr, Chris Feudtner, Jeffrey A. Wright, and Frederick A. Connell. "A Trade-off Analysis of Routine Newborn Circumcision." Pediatrics 105, Supplement_2 (2000): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.s2.246.

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Background. The risks associated with newborn circumcision have not been as extensively evaluated as the benefits. Objectives. The goals of this study were threefold: 1) to derive a population-based complication rate for newborn circumcision; 2) to calculate the number needed to harm for newborn circumcision based on this rate; and 3) to establish trade-offs based on our complication rates and published estimates of the benefits of circumcision including the prevention of urinary tract infections and penile cancer. Methods. Using the Comprehensive Hospital Abstract Reporting System for Washington State, we retrospectively examined routine newborn circumcisions performed over 9 years (1987–1996). We used International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes to identify both circumcisions and complications and limited our analyses to children without other surgical procedures performed during their initial birth hospitalization. Results. Of 354 297 male infants born during the study period, 130 475 (37%) were circumcised during their newborn stay. Overall 287 (.2%) of circumcised children and 33 (.01%) of uncircumcised children had complications potentially associated with circumcision coded as a discharge diagnosis. Based on our findings, a complication can be expected in 1 out every 476 circumcisions. Six urinary tract infections can be prevented for every complication endured and almost 2 complications can be expected for every case of penile cancer prevented. Conclusions. Circumcision remains a relatively safe procedure. However, for some parents, the risks we report may outweigh the potential benefits. This information may help parents seeking guidance to make an informed decision.

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Denton, M. Bonner, Roger P. Sperline, Jeffrey H. Giles, Daniel A. Gilmore, Carolyn J. S. Pommier, and Robert T. Downs. "Advances in the Application of Array Detectors for Improved Chemical Analysis, Part I. Comparison of Qualitative Analyses Using Large, Computer-Based Raman Spectral Libraries." Australian Journal of Chemistry 56, no. 3 (2003): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch02200.

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Although a mature technique, Raman spectroscopy remains not widely used as a routine analytical technique. The advantages of Raman spectroscopy, such as minimal sample preparation and relatively uncomplicated spectra, combined with technical advances, including more stable diode lasers, higher quality filters, and better polychromators and array detectors, have led to a renaissance in sensitive and versatile Raman spectrometers. The lack of appropriate databases for routine analysis, which represents the last barrier to the technique's widespread use, is beginning to be overcome, as described in this review.

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Lai, Yung-Lien, Ling Ren, and Richard Greenleaf. "Residence-Based Fear of Crime: A Routine Activities Approach." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 61, no. 9 (2016): 1011–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x15625054.

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Most fear-of-crime research uses resident’s neighborhood as a key reference location to measure fear, yet the location effects of one’s own dwelling unit on crime-specific fear has not been explicitly studied theoretically in the literature. Drawing upon routine activities theory, this study undertakes an investigation into the levels and determinants of residence-based fear of crime across three racial/ethnic groups—Whites, African Americans, and non-White Hispanics. Data used in the analyses were collected from a random-sample telephone survey of 1,239 respondents in Houston, Texas. The results derived from factor analyses revealed that residents do distinguish between fear in the neighborhood and fear at home. Proximity to motivated offenders measured by perception of crime was found to be the most salient predictor of fear, followed by the measures of target vulnerability and capable guardianship. In addition, residence-based fear varies significantly across racial/ethnic groups. The significance of these findings and the policy implications are highlighted.

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Simova, Veronika, P. Bezdicka, J. Hradilova, D. Hradil, and T. Grygar. "X-ray powder microdiffraction for routine analysis of paintings." Powder Diffraction 20, no. 3 (2005): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1938983.

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Laboratory powder X-ray microdiffraction with a focusing monocapillary and linear multichannel detector was applied to phase identification in fragments of painting layers of art works, canvas and wall paintings, and polychromes on wood. This method is useful in materials research of painting layers with complex stratigraphy, and it is indispensable in distinguishing inorganic pigments of different natural provenance and revealing degradation products. The advantage of X-ray microdiffraction is its nondestructive nature and no need of sample pretreatment. Samples after microdiffraction can hence be used for other analyses or archived. Another advantage is the possibility to work with samples smaller than 1 mm, which is particularly important in the analysis of artworks where the sample amount or size is a serious limit of using the laboratory techniques of materials research. The X-ray equipment used is more economical and more easily accessible than other microdiffraction techniques and is, hence, suitable for routine analytical work.

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Wysham, Nicholas G., Steven P. Wolf, Gregory Samsa, Amy P. Abernethy, and Thomas W. LeBlanc. "Integration of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes Into Routine Cancer Care: An Analysis of Factors Affecting Data Completeness." JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, no. 1 (November 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.16.00043.

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Purpose Routinely collected patient-reported outcomes (PROs) could provide invaluable data to a patient-centered learning health system but are often highly missing in clinical trials. We analyzed our experience with PROs to understand patterns of missing data using electronic collection as part of routine clinical care. Methods This is an analysis of a prospectively collected observational database of electronic PROs captured as part of routine clinical care in four different outpatient oncology clinics at an academic referral center. Results More than 24,000 clinical encounters from 7,655 unique patients are included. Data were collected via an electronic tablet–based survey instrument (Patient Care Monitor, version 2.0), at the time of clinical care, as part of routine care processes. Missing instruments (ie, no items completed) were submitted for 6.8% of clinical encounters, and 15.8% of encounters had missing items. Nearly 90% of all encounters involved < 10% missing items. In multivariable analyses, younger age, private health insurance, being seen in the breast oncology clinic, less time spent on the instrument, and longitudinal care were significantly associated with less missingness. Conclusion Embedding collection of electronic PRO data into routine clinical care yielded low rates of missing data in this real-world, prospectively collected database. In contrast to clinical trial experience, missingness improve with longitudinal care. This approach may be a solution to minimizing missingness of PROs in research or clinical care settings in support of learning health care systems.

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Pagès, D., J. Calbó, and J. A. González. "Using routine meteorological data to derive sky conditions." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 3 (2003): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-649-2003.

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Abstract. Sky condition is a matter of interest for public and weather predictors as part of weather analyses. In this study, we apply a method that uses total solar radiation and other meteorological data recorded by an automatic station for deriving an estimation of the sky condition. The impetus of this work is the intention of the Catalan Meteorological Service (SMC) to provide the public with real-time information about the sky condition. The methodology for deriving sky conditions from meteorological records is based on a supervised classification technique called maximum likelihood method. In this technique we first need to define features which are derived from measured variables. Second, we must decide which sky conditions are intended to be distinguished. Some analyses have led us to use four sky conditions: (a) cloudless or almost cloudless sky, (b) scattered clouds, (c) mostly cloudy – high clouds, (d) overcast – low clouds. An additional case, which may be treated separately, corresponds to precipitation (rain or snow). The main features for estimating sky conditions are, as expected, solar radiation and its temporal variability. The accuracy of this method of guessing sky conditions compared with human observations is around 70% when applied to four sites in Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula). The agreement increases if we take into account the uncertainty both in the automatic classifier and in visual observations.Key words. Meteorological and atmospheric dynamics (instruments and techniques; radiative processes) – Atmospheric composition and structure (cloud physics and chemistry)

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Gates, Paul J. "Atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry for the routine analysis of low molecular weight analytes." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 27, no. 1 (2021): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14690667211005055.

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The routine analysis of low molecular weight analytes by mass spectrometry is often complicated by the lability of the analyte’s functional groups and/or the lack of moieties that can be easily charged. If a molecule is too labile this precludes analysis by techniques such as electron ionisation or chemical ionisation as the analyte will undergo thermal decomposition prior to ionisation as well as spontaneous fragmentation during the ionisation process. If the analyte has a low propensity to form ions in electrospray ionisation (i.e., lacks acidic or basic sites) then often no analyte related ions are observed. In this paper, the robustness and versatility of the established method of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation is demonstrated for the analysis of low molecular weight analytes. The utility of the technique is demonstrated through the analysis of 30 reference standards of varying functionality, and further by the analysis of 75 synthetic samples which were problematic when analysed by electron or electrospray ionisation. The resulting spectra are dominated by intact molecular species ([M+H]+ and M+ in positive ion mode and [M − H]− and [M + Cl]− in negative ion mode) along with logical neutral losses reminiscent of what you might expect from the analyte’s structure (losses of H2O from alcohols or CO from aldehydes etc). This paper presents atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation as an essential tool for broadening the chemical space of successful analyses for any routine mass spectrometry service laboratory of facility.

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Alzahrani, Ali Mohammed A., Holly C. Felix, M. Kate Stewart, James P. Selig, Taren Swindle, and Mohamed Abdeldayem. "Utilization of Routine Medical Checkup and Factors Influencing Use of Routine Medical Checkup among Saudi Students Studying in the USA in 2019." Saudi Journal of Health Systems Research 1, no. 1 (2021): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000514178.

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Introduction: The few studies that have investigated patterns of routine checkup (hereafter routine checkups) among Saudis have found overall low rates of use. Those studies focused mainly on understanding the influence of individual characteristics on use of routine checkup. Aims: The main purpose of this study was to consider a wider array of factors beyond individual characteristics, including system-based factors, beliefs, attitudes, and satisfaction, and to examine their influence on use of routine checkup among Saudi students studying in the United States. Methods: A cross-sectional survey targeting Saudi students studying in the United States aged 19 years or older was conducted to gather information about their sociodemographic characteristics, needs for healthcare, use of routine checkup and satisfaction with access to primary care services. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine factors influencing use of routine checkup among Saudis. Results: 381 surveys were eligible to be included in the analyses. Among the included participants, only 25.5% had a routine checkup after the age of 18 years. The likelihood of having routine checkup after the age of 18 was significantly higher among those who trusted provided primary care, believed in the importance of routine checkup, had health insurance, had chronic conditions and were physically active, and was significantly lower among married individuals. Conclusions: The use of routine checkup is low among Saudis and this study has laid the foundation for future research that can inform policy and decision-making related to improving use of routine care in Saudi Arabia.

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Leibrandt, Sébastien, and Jean-Luc Le Pennec. "Towards fast and routine analyses of volcanic ash morphometry for eruption surveillance applications." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 297 (May 2015): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.03.014.

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Khiari, Lotfi, Jacques Gallichand, and Sidki Bouslama. "Volume or Weight Soil Sampling for Extracting Mehlich III Elements with Routine Analyses?" Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 48, no. 15 (2017): 1753–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2017.1395445.

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Ekholm, Petri, and Kirsti Krogerus. "Determining algal-available phosphorus of differing origin: routine phosphorus analyses versus algal assays." Hydrobiologia 492, no. 1-3 (2003): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1024857626784.

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Siebolts, U., H. Varnholt, U. Drebber, H.-P. Dienes, C. Wickenhauser, and M. Odenthal. "Tissues from routine pathology archives are suitable for microRNA analyses by quantitative PCR." Journal of Clinical Pathology 62, no. 1 (2008): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2008.058339.

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