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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Royal Bank of Scotland'
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Li, Fan. "An investigation of lending at the Royal Bank of Scotland, 1878-1914." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.577229.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine lending at the Royal Bank of Scotland during the years between the collapse of the City of Glasgow Bank and the First World War (1878-1914), based on the bank's archives. It aims to analyze the Royal Bank's position compared with other Scottish banks and Scottish banking in general, and in relation to different economic sectors, including the staple industries of the period. '. This study utilizes not only balance sheet figures and other aggregate figures produced by the bank itself, but also statistical figures sourced from the applications for new advances recorded in the directors' minutes of the bank, which are complete for the period. Various charts and tables have been drawn in order to analyze trends, ratios and percentages. The thesis therefore examines Scottish bank lending at a greater level of detail than has been undertaken before in historical studies in this area. Many important issues concerning banking or the economy during the period studied are reviewed and discussed in the context of the Royal Bank's experience, including Checkland's argument for the Scottish banks' "years of complacency", the British banks' "failure to service industry", the alleged "agricultural decline" and the alleged "underfunding" of domestic industry. The thesis reveals that the Royal Bank's performance in lending was better than some previous studies have suggested. Its performance was fairly typical of the other Scottish banks, even compared with the Bank of Scotland, which was considered the leading Scottish bank during the period. The study has found that Bank of Scotland's comparative performance has in fact been exaggerated. Although in some respects the Royal did show a high level of caution and conservatism, the notion that the Scottish banks lent only short-term to well-established customers is incorrect in the Royal's case. Limited companies, overdrafts and international merchants were well supported, but overall the expansion of advances was a mix of successes and setbacks. The thesis provides a basis for further studies in Scottish banking history, offering an appropriate methodological approach to future scholars for the evaluation of lending.
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Demircioglu, Edessa, and Karoline Norheim. "Organizational façades and hypocrisy within sustainability reports : A qualitative content analysis of Royal Bank of Scotland’s sustainability reports between 2008-2013." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43791.
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Abstract Background: Sustainability reporting is an important communication channel for corporations to increase legitimacy in the public eye and handle different stakeholder demands (Blanc et al., 2017). In order to manage different stakeholder demands scholars have developed different theories to detect any inconsistencies between a corporation’s communication and actions, namely organizational façades and organizational hypocrisy. Purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is to understand in which way RBS are misleading, in form of communication, their customers in their sustainability reports. This phenomenon is investigated between 2008-2013. It is under this period the FCA (2016) investigation concluded that the bank had misled their customers. Method: This thesis adopts the qualitative content analysis when conducting the research. This method aids to categorize the text data which helps to make a large sample of text more attainable and easier to analyse and find connections within the data. In this thesis the textual data is coded into one of the three following codes: (i.) Rational façades - the organization meet fundamental norms of rationality. (ii.) Progressive façades - the organization do not only show rationality but also progress. (iii.) Reputational façades - statements that are disclosed in order to meet demands of the most critical stakeholders (Abrahamson, & Baumard, 2008) Conclusion: The results show that the most frequently apparent façades in the sustainability reports are progressive façades, followed by reputational façades and lastly rational façades. Moreover, the findings of this thesis uncovered clear sub-categories fitting under each façade. The sub-categories discovered were eight folded. Lastly, the results show that RBS shows signs of organizational hypocrisy, since their sustainability report disclosures and their actions are not in line, during the investigation period.
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Helling, Colin. "The Royal Navy and Scotland 1603-1714 : naval and state development in a regal union." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231148.
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This thesis looks at how the Scottish state, with a long coastline, got away with a minimal naval footprint in a period when European navies were becoming large permanent institutions. Increasingly, Scottish authorities did this by relying upon the English Royal Navy. This thesis hopes to go some way to filling the lacuna in the historiography of the Royal Navy in the seventeenth century regarding Scotland. The Royal Navy in Scotland is used as a prism through which Scottish and British state development in the period of the union of the crowns is looked at. From the standpoint of 1707 Scotland is generally seen as being an underdeveloped state. Explanations of why this was tend to point to the regal union as a cause due to the removal of key elements of statehood to London, in particular the state's 'monopoly of violence'. This thesis suggests that Scotland did not lose its monopoly of violence and that, instead of being a sign of the regal union's failure, underdevelopment actually indicates success. The Royal Navy shielded Scotland from much of the maritime insecurity which would generate demands to create a significant Scottish naval force. However, this relative success was not indicative of British development providing structures to allow the Royal Navy to react well to Scottish defence needs. Multiple monarchy was a poor organisational structure and AngloScottish communication on naval matters was either poor or non-existent. Instead, geopolitical and strategic factors meant that much Royal Naval provision principally aimed at English defence also helped Scotland. That these factors did not lead to equal protection against all types of maritime threats offers an alternative explanation for the maritime tensions between England and Scotland in the 1690s which Eric Graham identifies with the imposition of English mercantilism on Scotland.
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Coutts, Stephanie Lois. "Accounting change in the Bank of Scotland 1695-c1970." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247618.
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Scott, Nicola R. "The court and household of James I of Scotland, 1424-1437." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/379.
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This thesis examines the importance of the royal court and household in Scotland during the reign of James I (1424-37). The medieval royal court and household has received little concentrated attention in recent Scottish studies. However, a significant body of published research exists elsewhere in Britain and Europe which shows the importance of this arena for other kingdoms at this time. These studies have emphasised how the court and household was an important centre for politics and culture in the medieval period, indicating how a similar study of the Scottish evidence is essential for a fuller understanding of James I’s reign. Through a variety of sources, the composition of James’s household and court affinity has been examined. It is evident from this that James lacked an appropriate body of companions and high-status administrative officers for a medieval ruler and this was to have significant consequences for his reign. Additionally, by looking at some of the cultural aspects of the royal court, in particular the architecture, literature and religion, a clearer picture of the socio-political dynamics and tensions of James I’s reign emerges. In contrast to the generally held view of James as a politically successful, strong and active monarch for much of his reign, this study instead indicates a king who failed to establish an attractive and useful court and household that could be exploited for royal political gain. With his failure to establish a suitable court and household, James was a king incomplete and it is the contention that this contributed significantly to the king’s assassination.
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Toller, John. "'Now of little significancy'? : the Convention of the Royal Burghs of Scotland, 1651-1688." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2010. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6536ab34-8c45-4425-a9f6-c5628d874552.
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Historiographical understanding of the Convention of the Royal Burghs of Scotland in the late seventeenth century has advanced little since a spate of interest in the institution in the early twentieth century. This is despite the development of research in other, related areas of Scottish history in the same period. This thesis helps to resolve this problem in demonstrating the importance of the convention in the period 1651- 1688 in two main areas whilst having much wider significance for understanding later seventeenth-century Scotland. Firstly, it shows that the royal burghs were committed to cooperative action. Although the crown was increasingly assuming responsibilities previously held by the convention, the burghs continued to see the importance of membership and participation in it, despite its inability to respond decisively to their increasing economic difficulties, a situation on which this thesis sheds much light. Their collective stance protected their relative independence, despite losing some of their privileges to an aggressively acquisitive landowning class. The burghs carefully used and regulated Edinburgh’s dominant position within the convention to ensure that they could be as effective as possible in these areas without allowing Edinburgh to always have its own way. Secondly, the thesis demonstrates that the convention played an important part in national politics despite an apparent decline in influence. Under the English occupation in the 1650s it was one of the very few national institutions to survive and it was successful in lobbying for the burghs’ interests and also as a consultative body for the regime. It continued to play an important role in national politics after the Restoration, enabling the burghs to present a single voice in parliament and before the king and his privy council, officers of state and commissioner. Although it was not always successful, it was even willing to take a stance in direct opposition to the crown, and its influence is demonstrated as increasing crown intervention in burgh affairs, often taken as a sign of royal absolutism, was accompanied with concessions aimed at ensuring urban support for royal policy.
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Linstead, Greta. "Competencies, a case study of Royal Bank financial group - personal financial services." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25949.pdf.
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Dean, Lucinda H. S. "Crowns, wedding rings, and processions : continuity and change in representations of Scottish royal authority in state ceremony, c.1214-c.1603." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20198.
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This inter-disciplinary thesis addresses the long term continuity and change found in representations of Scottish royal authority through state ceremonial bridging the gap between medieval and early modern across four centuries. Royal ceremony in Scotland has received very haphazard research to date, with few attempts to draw comparisons that explore how these crucial moments for the representation of royal authority developed over the course of a number of centuries. Three key royal ceremonies – inaugurations/coronations, funerals and weddings (with consort coronations) – form the core of this study of the Scottish monarchy from c.1214 to c.1603, and were chosen due to their integral position in the reign of each monarch. The issues of succession and security of hereditary monarchy dictate that the ceremonies of death and accession are inescapably intertwined, and funerals and coronations have been studied in unison together for other European comparators. However, the frequency of minor accessions, early and violent deaths, absentee kingship and political upheaval in Scotland across the time period determined from an early stage that weddings – often the first occasion for Scottish monarchs to project their personal adult authority and the point at which Scotland had the widest European audience for their display – were essential to forming a rounded view of developments. By offering a detailed analysis of these ceremonial developments across time, this study will provide the framework from which further research into royal ceremony and its place as essential platform for the dissemination of royal power can be undertaken. The thesis focuses upon key questions to illuminate the developments of these ceremonies as both reflectors of a distinct Scottish royal identity and representative of their integration within a broader European language of ceremony. How did these ceremonies reflect the ideals of Scottish kingship? How were they shaped to function within the parameters of Scottish governance and traditions? How was the Scottish crown influenced by other monarchies and the papacy? How did it hope to be perceived by the wider European community and how was royal power exercised over its subjects in this transitional period of Scottish history? The focus upon Scotland’s visual forays on the international stage and varied relations with European actors has required a continual comparison with other European countries across this time period, with particular attention being paid to England, France, Ireland and the Low Countries. Within the context of a highly public and interactive era of display and posturing by great leaders across Europe, crucial points this thesis engages with include: what made the Scottish ceremonies unique? And how can this further our understanding of that which lay beneath such representations of royal authority?
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Lee, SangDong. "The development of Dunfermline Abbey as a royal cult centre, c.1070-c.1420." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20473.
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This thesis examines the development the cult of St Margaret at Dunfermline as a royal cult from 1070, the moment when St Margaret married King Malcolm III at Dunfermline, to 1420, the year of the burial of Robert duke of Albany who was the last royal member to be buried at Dunfermline. Scholars have focused on the life of St Margaret and her reputation or achievement from the biographical, institutional and hagiographical point of view. Although recent historians have considered St Margaret as a royal saint and Dunfermline as a royal mausoleum, they have approached this subject with relatively simple patterns, compared to the studies of the cults of European royal saints and their centres, in particular, those of English and French Kingdoms which influenced Scottish royalty. Just as other European royal cults such as the cults at Westminster and St-Denis have been researched from the point of view of several aspects, so the royal cult at Dunfermline can be approached in many ways. Therefore, this thesis will examine the development of Dunfermline Abbey as a royal cult centre through studying the abbey and the cult of St Margaret from the point of view of miracles and pilgrimage, lay patronage, and liturgical and devotional space. The examination of St Margaret’s miracles stories and pilgrimage to Dunfermline contribute to understanding these stories in the context of the development of the cult. The study of lay patronage explains the significance of royal favour and non-royal patrons in relation to the development of the cult, and how and why the royal cult developed and declined, and how the monks of Dunfermline promoted or sustained the cult of the saint. Lastly, the research of the liturgical and devotional space provides an explanation of the change of liturgical space from the point of view of the development of the cult.
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Sobolewski, Richard. "The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland : fieldwork, rescue and archive." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29540.
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This thesis examines the role and work of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland from a geographical perspective in the period 1908 – c.1975, with especial reference to the historical geographies behind the production of the national inventory of Scotland’s ancient and historic built monuments. The thesis examines the sites of practice where the Commission produced the national inventory to explore the doing of the inventory. Fieldwork is a central concern of the thesis. Attention is paid to the spatial aspects of Commission’s work both in the field “out there” and in the office “in here”. The thesis discusses the methods and technologies which fostered the development of fieldwork practices rooted in the office and in the field. The Commission was always ‘doing fieldwork’ and this thesis brings into focus the relationship between the different spaces and places where the Commission undertook what might be labelled as work in the field. The thesis is comprised of nine chapters. An introduction and literature review are followed by an examination of the history of antiquarianism relevant to the establishment of the Commission. A further two chapters provide an overview of the Commission’s history, arranged chronologically, and its archive, understood in relation to relevant archival theory. Three chapters consider the development of the Commission with particular attention paid to fieldwork techniques and methods, the development of rescue archaeology, and the associated technologies which facilitated the Commission’s work within a rescue paradigm before turning, finally, to examine the Commission’s database, Canmore. Examining the Commission in this manner has drawn attention to the ways in which geographers and others conceive of fieldwork and how the development of the Commission was inherently linked to ways of doing work in the field. Through examining the history and geography of the Commission’s work the concern of this thesis is to study how ‘antiquarian research’ was carried out in the field “in here” and “out there” simultaneously. The thesis suggests that narrow definitions of fieldwork overlook the nuances of how ancient Scotland was revealed through suites of different practice. The thesis argues that more fine-grained approaches to understanding the how of the doing of fieldwork might lead to reconceptualisation of the place of work in the field, recognising that different practices helped constitute both ancient and historical Scotland as the object of the Commission’s work and the Commission itself.
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Robinson, Anna Christina Mary. "'Children in good order' : a study of constructions of child protection in the work of the Royal Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, in the West of Scotland, 1960-1989." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3506.
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How did the Royal Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children protect children in post war Glasgow? The analysis in this study of the 'construction' of child protection is centred upon three questions relating to the practice of the RSSPCC: What forms did intervention take? Who was the focus of practice? How and why did practice change during the 30 year period, 1960-1990, of this study? The period 1960-1990 witnessed rapid political, economic and social changes which contributed to the recognition by the state of social problems which affected families. The RSSPCC (founded in 1884) was established by the beginning of the twentieth century as the principal arm of the state in the investigation and prosecution of child abuse and neglect throughout Scotland. The Society sustained this key role up to the middle of the 1970s and then lost it completely in 1992. This study is not a history of the RSSPCC. However an historical perspective was adopted to further understanding of the organisation's role in Scottish society and in the lives of families whose standards of parenting were causing concern. The sources of that concern were found often within the family. Many mothers (less often fathers) sought assistance from the RSSPCC only to find themselves subjects of intense scrutiny and intervention. The analysis and conclusions of this study are derived from: the RSSPCC case records of intervention in the lives of 1,500 families, the records of 120 prosecutions of parents for cruelty and or neglect, a selection of Annual Reports from 1889 to 1993, and interviews with 51 RSSPCC staff. A theoretical framework which brought historical sociology, post structuralist models of power and feminism together with the concept of 'Adocentrism' (the unswerving allegiance to adult values) was developed to illuminate the puzzles, paradoxes and complexities of the changing constructions of child protection. This study concludes that the 'construction' of child protection developed and changed in response to a number of factors. However, the power to define and negotiate the subjects and boundaries of intervention was invariably retained by the professionals and furthermore the focus of that intervention was predominantly with and between adults.
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Woodward-Reed, Hannah Elizabeth. "The context and material techniques of royal portrait production within Jacobean Scotland : the Courts of James V and James VI." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30910/.
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This inter-disciplinary thesis addresses the authenticity and social context of surviving portraits of Scottish monarchs between 1530 and c.1590, bringing the study of the Scottish portraits closer to the standard undertaken upon surviving English works. This research focuses upon key questions to begin to reveal the nature of commission and execution of sixteenth-century portraits in Scotland, focusing upon a pair of double portraits from Blair Castle, Pitlochery, Perthshire. The two paintings will form the key case-studies for this research, and the central question to the thesis is whether they are authentic, sixteenth-century Scottish-made images. The thesis will address questions such as: How do they fit into the contemporaneous culture of court portraiture production in Northern Europe and across the border in England? Does the physical evidence support the notion of Netherlandish influence? Surviving documentary evidence of the painterly aspects of the courts of King James V and his grandson King James VI is presented, and the results of interdisciplinary technical analysis used to explore whether the materials and techniques of the Blair portraits and their surviving counterparts demonstrate enough Netherlandish influence to present the existence of a Scoto-Netherlandish school of painting. The National Portrait Gallery’s research project Making Art in Tudor Britain (2007-2014) 2010 conference Tudor and Jacobean Painting: Production, Influences and Patronage raised the issue of the need for a parallel project for Scotland, tracing the highly-developed use of portraiture by the later Stewart dynasty to its fifteenth-century Scottish beginnings. This thesis argues that far from being culturally backwards in terms of portraiture, the Scottish court employed fashionable Netherlandish techniques from an early date, with a strong understanding of the impact of the arts dating from the earliest Stewarts. Most importantly, this research is the first to undertake a full technical examination of the Blair Castle portraits, placing these works within a comprehensive material context. Such examination of the visual arts commissioned at this time can only further our understanding of the wider context of production in Scotland at this time. Additionally, understanding the nature of the commission of royal portraits by those in noble families makes clearer the use of the visual arts to enhance careers and reputation, as well as social identity. In focusing the discussion purely upon Scottish portraits in native collections, this research unites works which have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. The study of the sixteenth-century Scottish court has advanced considerably in recent years, but without an in-depth examination of the artworks produced as visual representation of these courts, a complete understanding cannot be achieved. This thesis demonstrates that much of the production of royal portraits was based upon the copying of copies. It is thus not the aesthetic quality which should be the focus, but the circumstances of their existence and material composition which is most revealing about the place Scotland holds within the study of early modern European art.
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Marwick, Sandra M. "'Sons of Crispin' : the St Crispin societies of Edinburgh and Scotland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4195.
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City of Edinburgh Museums and Galleries hold a substantial collection of artefacts and record books donated in 1909 by the office bearers of the Royal Ancient Order of St Crispin. This organisation was the final reincarnation of the Royal St Crispin Society established around 1817. From 1932 the display of a selection of these objects erroneously attributed their provenance to the Incorporation of Cordiners of Canongate with no interpretation of the meaning and use of this regalia. The association of shoemakers (cordiners in Scotland) with St Crispin their patron saint remained such that at least until the early twentieth century a shoemaker was popularly called a ‘Crispin' and collectively ‘sons of Crispin'. In medieval Scotland cordiners maintained altars to St Crispin and his brother St Crispianus and their cult can be traced to France in the sixth century. In the late sixteenth century an English rewriting of the legend achieved immediate popularity and St Crispin's Day continued to be remembered in England throughout the seventeenth century. Journeymen shoemakers in Scotland in the early eighteenth century commemorated their patron with processions; and the appellation ‘St Crispin Society' appeared in 1763. This thesis investigates the longevity of the shoemakers' attachment to St Crispin prior to the nineteenth century and analyses the origin, creation, organisation, development and demise of the Royal St Crispin Society and the network of lodges it created in Scotland in the period 1817-1909. Although showing the influence of freemasonry, the Royal St Crispin Society devised and practised rituals based on shoemaking legends and traditions. An interpretation of these rituals is given as well as an examination of the celebration of the saint's day and the organisation and significance of King Crispin processions. The interconnection of St Crispin artefacts and archival material held by Scottish museums and archives is demonstrated throughout the thesis.
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Swinney, Geoffrey Nigel. "Towards an historical geography of a 'National' Museum : the Industrial Museum of Scotland, the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art and the Royal Scottish Museum, 1854-1939." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8109.
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This thesis adopts a primarily process-based methodology to put a museum in its place as a site of knowledge-making. It examines the practices of space which were productive of a government-funded (‘national’) museum in Edinburgh. Taking a spatial perspective, and recognising that place is both material and metaphorical, the thesis explores how the Museum’s material and intellectual architectures were produced over the period 1854-1939. The thesis is concerned to bring into focus the dynamic processes by which the Museum was in a continual state of becoming; a constellation of tangible and intangible objects constantly being produced and reproduced through mobility of objects, people and ideas. Its concern is to chart the flows through space which produced the Museum. The thesis comprises nine chapters. An introduction and a literature review are followed by chapters concerned, respectively, with the built space of the museum and with the people who worked there. A further three chapters consider the nature of that work and the practices of space which constituted the processes of collecting, displaying, and educating, whilst another focuses on visiting. The final chapter discusses how the analysis has constructed the museum as constituted through a complex diversity of material and metaphorical settings on a variety of geographical scales. This critical scrutiny of the museum has, in turn, brought to the fore the place of the Museum in contributing to civic and national identity. Through a case-study of a particular museum, the concern has been to explore how critical geographies of science may be applied to the examination of a museum. In particular the thesis examines how contextual concepts developed largely in conscribed sites such as laboratories apply to a public site such as a museum. The thesis suggests that the ordering terms ‘space’ and ‘place’, combined with a focus on practice and performance, may have more general application in constructing an historical geography of museums as sites of production and consumption of scientific knowledge.
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Highet, Margaret Anne. "An oral history of a group of women who began their professional lives as nurses in the School of Nursing, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland between 1938 and 1945." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ57186.pdf.
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Clari, Michela. "In the hands of the user : a framework for the analysis of online engagement with digital heritage collections." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7543.
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Within a context of recent and rapid transformation in authorship and participation practices on the Internet, this thesis explores the implications of an emerging digital culture for heritage institutions, such as museums and archives. Combining insights from internet, education and museum theory it explores different experiences of participation and meaning making around digital heritage collections opened to public engagement and contribution. In particular, the investigation analyses and contrasts the online activities of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS), partner in the research, with alternative approaches. The thesis applies ethnographic research methods to investigate embodied and virtual settings. Based on the empirical findings, it identifies different theoretical models of online engagement with heritage content. It then extrapolates from these models a conceptual framework that could be used by heritage institutions to analyse and re-assess their online practices, intellectual positioning and strategic ambitions in the context of the paradigm shift brought about by digitality.
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Christie, David Osborne. "Bible and sword : the Cameronian contribution to freedom of religion." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1077.
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Pattison, Zarah. "Effects of invasive alien plants on riparian vegetation and their response to environmental factors." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25404.
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Biological invasions are reportedly one of the major contributory factors to biodiversity loss worldwide. The impacts of invasive alien plant (IAP) species on native communities are widely documented in the scientific literature, however, there is still a lack of detailed information on their impacts within the most vulnerable habitats. Riparian habitats are highly dynamic systems and naturally disturbed, making them particularly vulnerable to invasion. Climate change, directly or indirectly, is also predicted to adversely impact river systems, which may subsequently alter invasion rates and the impacts of IAPs. However, the interactions between climate and IAPs and their combined effects on vegetation have rarely been examined. To address these knowledge gaps, this thesis investigates: (1) the role of environmental variables, such as sediment loading or climate-related changes to river flow regime, on the abundance of IAPs within riparian zones; (2) how variation in IAP abundance impacts native vegetation, relative to the effects of native dominant plant species and (3) some of the mechanisms underlying the effects of IAPs in riparian habitats. Historic and recent field survey data were used to investigate changes in riparian vegetation on British rivers during the last 20 years. Analyses indicate that IAPs had a negative but small effect on native plant diversity. Overall, changes in land use and differences in flow regime between recording periods were the most important predictors of plant community change. Specifically, IAPs had a greater probability of being present along lowland rivers that experienced increased frequency of high flow events. On a local scale across rivers in Scotland, the abundance of IAPs was constrained by greater soil moisture in summer, whilst greater abundance was associated with tree-lined banks. Both native dominant species and IAPs negatively affected subordinate species abundance to a greater extent than species richness, although this effect varied spatially with bank elevation. Artificial turf mats were used to quantify viable propagules within riverine sediment deposited over-winter along invaded riverbanks. The data indicate that there is a legacy effect of IAP abundance, with the most invaded sites being associated with higher sediment loading the following year, though, contrary to the general pattern, 12 sediment associated propagules were scarcer at invaded sites. Moreover, lower above-ground native diversity was associated with sites which had been previously invaded. Plant species composition in the propagule bank and above-ground vegetation were highly dissimilar, particularly closest to the water’s edge at highly invaded sites. This suggests that mono-specific stands of IAPs proliferate best under less disturbed environmental conditions, although fluvial disturbance events may be required to create opportunities for initial establishment. The propagule bank contributed very little to the above-ground vegetation, nor did it limit invasion, suggesting that above-ground plant composition is largely dictated by competitive interactions. The findings presented in this thesis suggest that invasion by IAPs is an additional stressor for native vegetation within riparian habitats, modifying above-ground plant communities via competition and suppressing recruitment from the propagule bank. However, native dominant species common in riparian habitats also negatively impact, subordinate species via competition, in some cases equalling the effect of IAPs. Native dominant and IAP species are differently affected by environmental factors operating in the riparian zone, which may provide future opportunities for reducing and managing invasions.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Newswire." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2661.
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UBC's research community recently received a significant boost in financial support for five research hubs that will join the Centre for Brain Health as newly appointed national Centres of Excellence for Commercialization and Research (CECR).
Two UBC economics professors were recognized with separate Bank of Canada awards: the Research Fellowship 2008 and the Governor's Award.
UBC's Brain Research Centre has recevied $25 million from the Province of BC to establish a new facility focused on translational brain research.
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Cruz, Luísa Oliveira. "Impacto da crise de crédito numa acção preferencial : o caso de uma emissão do Royal Bank of Scotland : estudo de caso." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/4954.
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Este projecto tem como objectivo explicar os factores que influenciaram a rendibilidade de
uma acção preferencial antes, durante e após a crise de crédito. Foi seleccionada uma emissão
específica, emitida pelo Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS), dado este emitente ter sido alvo de
intervenção estatal, após ter registado perdas relacionadas com a crise, e consequentemente
impossibilitado de distribuir dividendos tanto a accionistas como aos detentores de emissões
preferenciais.
Procura-se sinteticamente explicar os motivos que originaram o despoletar da crise e as
medidas regulatórias introduzidas, na Europa, com o objectivo de retomar a confiança nos
mercados e dotar as instituições financeiras de uma estrutura de capital adequada a futuras
situações de instabilidade financeira.
Seguidamente, apresenta-se uma análise das emissões pertencentes ao capital (Core Capital e
Tier 1), nomeadamente as principais características e riscos associados, tomando como
exemplo a emissão de dívida preferencial do RBS.
Com o objectivo de analisar se determinados eventos tiveram impacto na rendibilidade
observada da acção preferencial, vamos proceder ao estudo de três eventos. Os eventos
seleccionados ocorreram, entre 2007 e 2010, possuindo diferentes características de modo a se
identificar quais os factores que influenciaram a rendibilidade. O primeiro é a falência da
Lehman Brothers no terceiro trimestre de 2008, seguido pela entrada do Estado inglês no
capital do RBS (mais especificamente a restrição do pagamento de dividendos pelas emissões
preferenciais nos finais de 2009) e por último, em Setembro de 2010,o novo enquadramento
regulamentar para a definição do core capital e os instrumentos elegíveis.This project aims to explore the factors that account for the return of a preference issue before, during and after the credit crisis. The specific example chosen belongs to the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS), as this bank was the subject of government intervention following the heavy losses and write-downs as a result of the credit crisis, and which was subsequently obliged to refrain from distributing any dividends to the stockholders and through preference shares. Our first aim is to summarize the reasons behind the credit crisis and the regulatory measures introduced, particularly in Europe, the main goal of these measures being to recover the market confidence and to provide the financial institutions with a more suitable capital structure to enable them to respond more effectively to future stress situations. Subsequently, we present an analysis of instruments that are classified as capital specifically their principal characteristics and risks involved. To determine if certain specific events had an impact in the selected issue we are going to make and analyses an event study. The selected events occurred between 2007 and 2010, and the purpose is to identify if the return was influenced by them. The first event that we studied was the bankruptcy of Lehman Brother in the third quarter of 2008; the next was the bailout of RBS, and more specifically the restriction order on paying dividends at the end of 2009; the last was the introduction of new regulatory measures in September of 2010, with the definition of which instruments could be classified as Core Capital.
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Schneider, Catharina Elizabeth Johanna. "Persuasions of archaeology : the achievements and grandeur of the Omrids at their royal cities of Samaria and Jezreel." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17679.
Full textAbstract:
Our perception, of the Omrid kings of the Kingdom oflsrael in the ninth century BCE, is based
on the Books of 1 and 2 Kings in the Hebrew Bible. The Biblical author's concentration, on
Omrid apostasy rather than on their abilities and accomplishments, has robbed these competant
monarchs of the prominence allotted to kings like David and Solomon. Recent archaeological
excavations, in conjunction with extra-Biblical sources, have however projected a different
image. Excavations at the royal Omrid cities of Samaria, and especially Jezreel, have indicated
that Omri, and his son Ahab, had erected immense and grandiose structures. These edifices bear
testimony to periods of peace, stability and great economic prosperity. The Omrids deserve
new assessments as to their accomplishments, and therefore, by means of visible and tangible
structural remains, I wish to promote the persuasion of archaeology as vindication of Omrid
grandeur and achievement at Samaria and Jezreel.Biblical and Ancient Studies
M.A. (Biblical Studies)