To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: RPHC.
Journal articles on the topic 'RPHC'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'RPHC.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Cotterill, PJ, RF Park, and RG Rees. "Pathogenic specialization of Puccinia hordei Otth. in Australia, 1966-1990." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 1 (1995): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950127.
Full textAbstract:
One hundred and fifty-four isolates of the leaf rust pathogen (Puccinia hordei), collected from infected barley plants in Australia between 1966 and 1990, were typed to determine virulence with respect to the resistance genes Rphl to Rph9, Rphl2 (Triumph) and several uncharacterized resistance sources. The Australian cultivar, Prior, reacted differentially to the isolates examined, and is believed to possess a gene which is also present in addition to Rph2 in Reka 1. Virulence and avirulence on Prior were designated P+ and P- respectively. Eleven distinct pathotypes (pt) were identified, with pt 243 P+ and 243 P- predominating in samples collected between 1966 and 1979. In the 1980s, pt 210 P+ was most commonly isolated from samples collected in Queensland and northern New South Wales, and although a range of different pathotypes was present in southern Australia, pt 200 P+ was most frequent in this region. Virulences to genes Rphl, Rph2, Rph4, Rph5, Rph6, Rph8, Rph9 and Rphl2 have been detected, and only Rph3 and Rph7 are likely to be of value in protecting future Australian barleys from the disease.
2
Danilova, Anastasia, and Galina Volkova. "Efficiency of Rph genes against Puccinia hordei in Southern Russia in 2019–2021." Agronomy 13, no. 4 (2023): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041046.
Full textAbstract:
Barley leaf rust (Puccinia hordei Otth.) is considered a harmful disease that occurs in barley-growing regions worldwide. In Russia, the disease is among the most prevalent in the Krasnodar region, which is the leader in the production of barley grain and has a favorable climate for disease development. In this paper, we studied the efficiency of 17 varieties and lines of barley from the International and Australian sets containing currently known Rph resistance genes or their combinations to P. hordei in the field, and 15 varieties and lines in the seedling phase in greenhouse conditions during 2019–2021. We concluded that the lines carrying the Rph7 and Rph13 genes remained immune throughout the three years of studies in the seedling and adult plant stages. The Rph1 and Rph23 genes showed moderate efficiency during the three years. The Rph2, Rph3, Rph4, Rph5, Rph6+2, Rph8, Rph12, Rph19, and Rph21+2 genes showed low efficiency over the three years. This was also confirmed by the results of their assessment in the seedling phase: the number of monopustular isolates virulent to lines with the majority of the studied genes for three years was above 90%. Fluctuations in the virulence of the P. hordei population were observed under sufficiently unfavorable weather for disease development in 2019, 2020, and 2021. This proves the ability of the fungus to adapt to changing conditions. Therefore, annual monitoring of the response of lines and varieties carrying resistance genes and studying the virulence of the pathogen are crucial for the selection of rust-resistant varieties, and, hence, the prevention of barley leaf rust epidemics in all grain-producing regions worldwide.
3
Zhong, Shaobin, Roger J. Effertz, Yue Jin, Jerome D. Franckowiak, and Brian J. Steffenson. "Molecular Mapping of the Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Rph6 in Barley and Its Linkage Relationships with Rph5 and Rph7." Phytopathology® 93, no. 5 (2003): 604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2003.93.5.604.
Full textAbstract:
The barley cv. Bolivia carries two leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) resistance genes, Rph2 and Rph6, and is the only known source of the latter gene. A resistant line (Bolivia-Rph6) carrying Rph6 only was obtained in the F4 generation of a cross between cv. Bolivia and the susceptible cv. Bowman via progeny testing with differential isolates of the leaf rust pathogen. Genetic analyses and bulk segregant analysis using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers localized Rph6 on the short arm of barley chromosome 3H at a distance of 4.4 centimorgans (cM) distal from RFLP marker MWG2021 and 1.2 cM proximal from RFLP marker BCD907. The allelic relationship of Rph6 to other leaf rust resistance genes mapping to this region of chromosome 3H (namely Rph5 and Rph7) were tested using crosses among cvs. Magnif 102 (carrying Rph5), Bolivia-Rph6 (Rph6), and Cebada Capa (Rph7). Segregation analyses indicated that Rph6 is allelic to Rph5 and closely linked to Rph7. The data generated from this study will facilitate breeding for leaf rust resistance via marker-assisted selection and provide a starting point for positional gene cloning.
4
Brooks, W. S., C. A. Griffey, B. J. Steffenson, and H. E. Vivar. "Genes Governing Resistance to Puccinia hordei in Thirteen Spring Barley Accessions." Phytopathology® 90, no. 10 (2000): 1131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.10.1131.
Full textAbstract:
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei, is an important disease of barley in many parts of the world. In the eastern United States, this disease was effectively controlled for over 20 years through the deployment of cultivars carrying the resistance gene Rph7. Isolates of P. hordei with virulence for Rph7 appeared in this region in the early 1990s rendering barley cultivars with this gene vulnerable to leaf rust infection. From a preliminary evaluation test, 13 accessions from diverse geographic locations possessed resistance to P. hordei isolate VA90-34, which has virulence for genes Rph1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11. Each of these 13 accessions was crossed with susceptible cvs. Moore or Larker to characterize gene number and gene action for resistance to P. hordei. Additionally, the 13 accessions were intercrossed and crossed to host differential lines possessing genes Rph3, Rph5, and Rph9 to determine allelic relationships of resistance genes. Seedlings of F1, F2, and BC1F1 populations were evaluated in the greenhouse for their reaction to P. hordei isolate VA90-34. Leaf rust resistance in six of the accessions including Collo sib, CR270.3.2, Deir Alla 105, Giza 119, Gloria, and Lenka is governed by a single dominant gene located at or near the Rph3 locus. All accessions for which the gene Rph3 was postulated to govern leaf rust resistance, except for Deir Alla 105, likely possess an allele different than Rph3.c found in Estate based on the differential reaction to isolates of P. hordei. The resistance gene in Grit and Donan is located at or near the Rph9 locus. Alleles at both the Rph3 and Rph9 loci confer resistance in Femina and Dorina. In addition to Rph3, Caroline and CR366.13.2 likely possess a second unknown recessive gene for leaf rust resistance. Resistance in Carre 180 is governed by a recessive gene that is different from all other genes considered in this study. Identification of both known and unique genes conferring leaf rust resistance in the barley germplasm included in this study provides breeding programs with the knowledge and opportunity to assess currently used sources of leaf rust resistance and to incorporate new sources of resistance into their programs.
5
Pierson-Brown, Tomar. "It’s Not Irony, it’s Interest Convergence: A CRT Perspective on Racism as Public Health Crisis Statements." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 50, no. 4 (2022): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2023.10.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractRacism as a Public Health Crisis Statements (RPHCs) acknowledge the reality that racism must be eradicated to ensure health justice: a fair and just opportunity for all individuals to be healthy. Scholars of critical race theory (CRT) have expressed doubt when it comes to the capacity of law-related institutions to catalyze or sustain anti-racist efforts. These strains of skepticism underscore the question of whether so many RPHCS were adopted precisely because, in many instances, they were merely symbolic acts. This commentary argues that the trend in adopting RPHCs carries signs of interest convergence, and asserts that the alliance between government and the movement for health justice reflected in this phenomenon falls short of the substantive anti-racist action needed to realize health justice. The spate of RPHC adoption, in lieu of passing anti-racist policy or meaningfully empowering people of color, signifies that the movement for health justice must be strategic in determining whether to leverage, or be wary of, the power dynamics which shape political change. The health justice framework must expand its toolkit to include CRT.
6
Borovkova, I. G., B. J. Steffenson, Y. Jin, A. Kilian, A. Kleinhofs, and T. K. Blake. "Identification and mapping of a leaf rust resistance gene in barley line Q21861." Genome 40, no. 2 (1997): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-033.
Full textAbstract:
Barley line Q21861 possesses an incompletely dominant gene (RphQ) for resistance to leaf rust caused by Puccinia hordei. To investigate the allelic and linkage relations between RphQ and other known Rph genes, F2 populations from crosses between Q21861 and donors of Rph1 to Rph14 (except for Rph8) were evaluated for leaf rust reaction at the seedling stage. Results indicate that RphQ is either allelic with or closely linked to the Rph2 locus. A doubled haploid population derived from a cross between Q21861 and SM89010 (a leaf rust susceptible line) was used for molecular mapping of the resistance locus. Bulked segregant analysis was used to identify markers linked to RphQ, using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), and sequence tagged sites (STSs). Of 600 decamer primers screened, amplified fragments generated by 9 primers were found to be linked to the RphQ locus; however, only 4 of them were within 10 cM of the target. The RphQ locus was mapped to the centromeric region of chromosome 7, with a linkage distance of 3.5 cM from the RFLP marker CDO749. Rrn2, an RFLP clone from the ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer region, was found to be very closely linked with RphQ, based on bulked segregant analysis. An STS marker, ITS1, derived from Rrn2, was also closely linked (1.6 cM) to RphQ.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, Puccinia hordei, allelism testing, linkage, molecular markers.
7
Park, R. F., D. Poulsen, A. R. Barr, et al. "Mapping genes for resistance to Puccinia hordei in barley." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 12 (2003): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02244.
Full textAbstract:
Six doubled haploid barley populations (Alexis × Sloop, Chebec × Harrington, Arapiles × Franklin, Patty × Tallon, Tallon × Kaputar, and Sloop × Halcyon) and a recombinant inbred population (WI2875-1 × Alexis) were assessed for response to selected pathotypes of the barley leaf rust pathogen, Puccinia hordei, at the seedling growth stage. Resistance genes were postulated for the parents of each population based on their reaction to selected pathotypes. In most cases, the resistance genes postulated in the cultivars were validated by QTL mapping analyses of the progeny populations. The resistance genes detected and mapped were Rph2, Rph3, Rph4, Rph12, and Rph19. The chromosomal locations of these 5 genes were consistent with previous reports, with Rph2 mapping near to the centromere on the short arm of chromosome 5H, Rph4 mapping to chromosome 1H, Rph12 mapping to the long arm of chromosome 5H, and Rph3 and Rph19 mapping ~30 cM apart on the long arm of chromosome 7H.
8
Pamies, P., B. Webber, and E. Pull. "MANAGEMENT OF FINGOLIMOD FIRST DOSE OBSERVATION (FDO) IN THE UK." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86, no. 11 (2015): e4.17-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.113.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundFingolimod (Gilenya) is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulator approved for use in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Fingolimod can lead to reduced pacemaker cell excitability, slowing heart rate (HR) and, possibly, atrioventricular block. Cardiac monitoring is required for a minimum of 6 hours on commencing the first dose of fingolimod.Regent's Park Heart Clinics (RPHC) is a cardiology services provider engaged by Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK to provide NHS clinicians with a fingolimod FDO service.ObjectiveTo describe the results of a UK FDO service for fingolimod.MethodsRPHC provides a cardiac physiologist/nurse to visit sites between 0800–1700 hrs with electrocardiography (ECG) equipment. 12-lead ECG is performed at baseline and six hours after initiation with continuous cardiac monitoring throughout. Blood pressure and HR measurement is performed hourly. Where patients have evidence of clinically important cardiac effects, monitoring is extended up to eight hours or overnight as required.ResultsFrom 4/July/2012 to 26/January/2015, RPHC provided FDO for 1013 patients. 975 (96%) were discharged at six hours; 29 (3%) were discharged at eight hours. 9 (1%) required an overnight stay. 1 patient discontinued treatment.Conclusion96% of 1013 fingolimod patients were discharged at 6-hours post-first dose. No patients required pharmacological intervention.
9
Amgai, Resham Babu, Sumitra Pantha, and Madan Raj Bhatta. "Characterization of Nepalese Barley Gene Pool for Leaf Rust Resistance." Nepal Journal of Biotechnology 4, no. 1 (2016): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njb.v4i1.16341.
Full textAbstract:
Barley (Hordeum vulagare L) is the major crop for the people living in the high hills and mountainous region of Nepal. Leaf rust (caused by Puccinia hordei) is one of the major production threats for barley cultivation. A lot of variation can be observed on Nepalese barley accessions with respect to leaf rust resistance characteristics. Two hundred and forty one barley accessions were screened for leaf rust resistance characteristics on heading stage at Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. Among them, one hundred and nine Nepalese barley accessions showing promising for disease resistance were screened using six SSR markers linked to leaf rust resistance genes. Bonus and Local Jau was used as the resistant and susceptible check respectively. Leaf rust resistance genes Rph1, Rph2, Rph3, Rph7, QBLR-P and QTL on chromosome 5HS were detected on Nepalese barley accessions using respective SSR markers. Eight Nepalese barley accessions showed presence of three and more leaf rust resistant genes. The poor relationship between the field disease resistance and molecular markers linked with specific leaf rust resistance gene proved that Nepalese barley gene pool contains other leaf resistance genes.
10
van Niekerk, B. D., Z. A. Pretorius, and W. H. P. Boshoff. "Occurrence and Pathogenicity of Puccinia hordei on Barley in South Africa." Plant Disease 85, no. 7 (2001): 713–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.7.713.
Full textAbstract:
Although leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei, is considered an important disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and regularly reaches epidemic proportions, pathogenic variability has never been studied in South Africa. From 1994 to 1997, only one pathotype (SAPh 3231) was identified with virulence to resistance genes Rph1, Rph4, Rph5, Rph10, and Rph11. During 1998, a second pathotype (SAPh 7321) was identified, differing from pathotype SAPh 3231 only in virulence to Rph12. Pathotype SAPh 7321 increased rapidly in the area where it was first detected, resulting in localized epidemic outbreaks in 1999. The reactions of various South African cultivars and breeding lines toward these pathotypes were determined, and the presence of Rph12 was postulated for B93/4, Krona, Optic, Prisma, and SSG 532. Rph genes showed varying degrees of temperature sensitivity, with none of the known genes displaying major changes in their phenotypes except Rph8, which was less effective at higher temperatures. Eight accessions of two wild Hordeum spp. occurring abundantly in the barley growing regions were found to be either weak or nonhosts for P. hordei.
11
Ziems, Laura A., Lovepreet Singh, Peter M. Dracatos, et al. "Characterization of Leaf Rust Resistance in International Barley Germplasm Using Genome-Wide Association Studies." Plants 12, no. 4 (2023): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040862.
Full textAbstract:
A panel of 114 genetically diverse barley lines were assessed in the greenhouse and field for resistance to the pathogen Puccinia hordei, the causal agent of barley leaf rust. Multi-pathotype tests revealed that 16.6% of the lines carried the all-stage resistance (ASR) gene Rph3, followed by Rph2 (4.4%), Rph1 (1.7%), Rph12 (1.7%) or Rph19 (1.7%). Five lines (4.4%) were postulated to carry the gene combinations Rph2+9.am, Rph2+19 and Rph8+19. Three lines (2.6%) were postulated to carry Rph15 based on seedling rust tests and genotyping with a marker linked closely to this gene. Based on greenhouse seedling tests and adult-plant field tests, 84 genotypes (73.7%) were identified as carrying APR, and genotyping with molecular markers linked closely to three known APR genes (Rph20, Rph23 and Rph24) revealed that 48 of the 84 genotypes (57.1%) likely carry novel (uncharacterized) sources of APR. Seven lines were found to carry known APR gene combinations (Rph20+Rph23, Rph23+Rph24 and Rph20+Rph24), and these lines had higher levels of field resistance compared to those carrying each of these three APR genes singly. GWAS identified 12 putative QTLs; strongly associated markers located on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 5H and 7H. Of these, the QTL on chromosome 7H had the largest effect on resistance response to P. hordei. Overall, these studies detected several potentially novel genomic regions associated with resistance. The findings provide useful information for breeders to support the utilization of these sources of resistance to diversify resistance to leaf rust in barley and increase resistance durability.
12
Mehnaz, Mehnaz, Peter M. Dracatos, Robert F. Park, and Davinder Singh. "Mining Middle Eastern and Central Asian Barley Germplasm to Understand Diversity for Resistance to Puccinia hordei, Causal Agent of Leaf Rust." Agronomy 11, no. 11 (2021): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112146.
Full textAbstract:
Vast collections of barley germplasm have been established and conserved in various global gene banks. These collections hold tremendous genetic diversity for resistance genes to Puccinia hordei, a causal agent of barley leaf rust. This study was undertaken to discover, characterize and postulate the known Rph genes (resistance to Puccinia hordei) and identify novel sources of ASR (all-stage resistance) and APR (adult plant resistance) to P. hordei. A core set of 315 barley lines were rust-tested as seedlings for their response to eight Australian pathotypes of P. hordei and genotyped with molecular markers linked to the known characterised ASR and APR genes. These tests led to the postulation of ASR leaf rust resistance genes Rph1, Rph2, Rph3, Rph9.am, Rph12, Rph15, Rph19 and Rph25 singly or in combination. Field tests revealed that the vast majority of lines (84%) carried APR. Genotyping of the APR-carrying lines with markers bPb-0837, Ebmac0603 and sun43-44 identified lines that likely carry the known APR genes Rph20, Rph23 and Rph24 singly or in combination. Thirty-nine per cent of the lines were negative for all the three markers and were thus postulated to carry uncharacterized APR. The sources of resistance identified in this study provide a valuable resource to breeders for further utilization and diversifying the genetic basis of leaf rust resistance in barley.
13
Rothwell, Christopher T., Davinder Singh, Peter M. Dracatos, and Robert F. Park. "Inheritance and Characterization of Rph27: A Third Race-Specific Resistance Gene in the Barley Cultivar Quinn." Phytopathology® 110, no. 5 (2020): 1067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-12-19-0470-r.
Full textAbstract:
The barley cultivar Quinn was previously reported to carry two genes for resistance to Puccinia hordei, viz. Rph2 and Rph5. In this study, we characterized and mapped a third resistance gene (RphCRQ3) in cultivar Quinn. Multipathotype testing in the greenhouse on a panel of barley genotypes previously postulated to carry Rph2 revealed rare race specificity in four genotypes in response to P. hordei pathotype (pt.) 222 P+ (virulent on Rph2 and Rph5). This suggested either the presence of a race-specific allele variant of Rph2 or the presence of an independent uncharacterized leaf rust resistance locus. A test of allelism on 1,271 F2 Peruvian (Rph2)/Quinn (Rph2 + Rph5) derived seedlings with P. hordei pt. 220 P+ (avirulent on Rph2 and virulent on Rph5) revealed no susceptible segregants. To determine whether the race-specific resistance in Quinn was due to an allele of Rph2 on chromosome 5H or a third uncharacterized resistance gene, we tested the Peruvian/Quinn F3 population with 222 P+ and observed monogenic inheritance. Subsequent bulked segregant analysis indicated the presence of complete in-phase marker fixation near the telomere on the short arm of chromosome 4H, confirming the presence of a third resistance locus in Quinn in addition to Rph2 and Rph5. In accordance with the rules and numbering system of barley gene nomenclature, RphCRQ3 has been designated Rph27.
14
Mohd Ayob, Nurul Atiqah, Mansur Ahmad, and Nurul Nadia Mohd Khairuddin. "Water Resistance and Tensile Strength of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Composites." Advanced Materials Research 1134 (December 2015): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.34.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, three type of natural-fibre reinforced polyethylene were produced. They are the coconut coir reinforced polyethylene (RPCC), kenaf reinforced polyethylene (RPKC) and bamboo reinforced polyethylene (RPBC). Water absorption test, thickness swelling test and tensile test of the different natural fibre composites were carried-out. The mass of HDPE and natural fibre were based on percentage of filler loading. Each board types were produced with two fibre ratios which are at fourty percent and thirty percent. The preparation of the test sample is according to ASTM D1037 and ASTM D638. The tensile modulus of elasticity, tensile stress, water absorption and thickness swelling of kenaf and bamboo reinforced polyethylene composites were found to increase with increasing fibre weight fraction. Kenaf and bamboo composites showed compatible result for tensile stress and tensile modulus of elasticity while coconut coir appears to be otherwise. However, coconut coir fibre composites displayed comparable results to kenaf and bamboo for both water and thickness swelling. There were significant differences in both tensile properties and the percentage of the water absorption among composites.
15
Rouse, M. N., C. A. Griffey, and W. S. Brooks. "First Detection of Puccinia hordei Virulence to Barley Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Rph3 and Combination with Virulence to Rph7 in North America." Plant Disease 97, no. 6 (2013): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-12-0785-pdn.
Full textAbstract:
Barley leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei Otth., has been problematic in United States barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in the Mid-Atlantic coast region and California. During the early 1990s, P. hordei pathotypes with virulence to resistance gene Rph7 caused average yield losses from 6 to 16% (3). ‘Doyce’ barley was released in 2003 and was described as being resistant to leaf rust (2). Initially in April 2010 and subsequently in spring 2011 and 2012, high severities and infection responses were observed on experimental plots of ‘Doyce’ in Warsaw and Blacksburg, Virginia. Three single uredinial isolates of P. hordei were derived from collections made from ‘Doyce’ barley. The isolates were characterized for virulence to barley leaf rust resistance genes by inoculating at least two replicates of a barley leaf rust differential set including 12 Rph genes (1). Previous methods used for inoculation, incubation, and pathotyping were followed (1). Infection types were scored on a 0 to 4 scale where 2 and below indicated resistance and 3 and above indicated susceptibility (4). The three isolates collected from Doyce barley displayed large pustules with infection types 3,3+ to cultivars Estate (Rph3) and Cebada Capa (Rph7). Avirulent isolates of P. hordei displayed infection types 0; to 0;1c to Estate and ;n to 0;1n to Cebada Capa (1). The data indicated that all three isolates were virulent to both barley leaf rust resistance genes Rph3 and Rph7. Though combined Rph3 and Rph7 virulence has been reported in the Mediterranean region, this is the first report of Rph3 virulence in North America. These isolates of P. hordei are virulent to important sources of resistance to barley leaf rust and threaten barley production in environments conducive for disease development in North America. References: (1) W. S. Brooks et al. Phytopathology 90:1131, 2000. (2) W. S. Brooks et al. Crop Sci. 45:792, 2005. (3) C. A. Griffey et al. Plant Dis. 78:256, 1994. (4) M. N. Levine and W. J. Cherewick. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1056, 1952.
16
Collins, N., R. Park, W. Spielmeyer, J. Ellis, and A. J. Pryor. "Resistance gene analogs in barley and their relationship to rust resistance genes." Genome 44, no. 3 (2001): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g01-016.
Full textAbstract:
Regions of amino acid conservation in the NBS domain of NBS-LRR resistance proteins facilitated the PCR isolation of eight resistance gene analog (RGA) sequences from genomic DNA of rice, barley, and Aegilops tauschii. These clones and other RGAs previously isolated from maize, rice, and wheat were assigned to 13 classes by DNA-sequence comparison and by their patterns of hybridisation to restricted barley DNA. Using a doubled-haploid mapping population, probes from 12 RGA classes were used to map 17 loci in the barley genome. Many of these probes have been used for mapping in wheat, and the collective data indicate that the positions of orthologous RGAs are conserved between barley and wheat. RGA loci were identified in the vicinity of barley leaf rust resistance loci Rph4, Rph7, and Rph10. Recombinants were identified between RGA loci and Rph7 and Rph10, while a cluster of RGA sequences detected by probe 5.2 cosegregated with Rph4 in 55 F2 lines.Key words: barley, Hordeum vulgare, rust, Puccinia, resistance gene analog, RGA, resistance.
17
Park, R. F. "Pathogenic Specialization and Pathotype Distribution of Puccinia hordei in Australia, 1992 to 2001." Plant Disease 87, no. 11 (2003): 1311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.11.1311.
Full textAbstract:
Annual surveys of pathogenic variability in the leaf rust pathogen of barley, Puccinia hordei, from 1992 to 2001 revealed a significant shift in the composition of populations across Austra-lia. Virulence for the resistance gene Rph12, first detected in a single pathotype, 4610P+, in Tasmania in 1991, was subsequently detected in 1993 in South Australia, Victoria, and southern New South Wales. By the end of 2001, eight pathotypes with virulence for Rph12 had been isolated, and virulence for this gene was present in all Australian barley growing regions. Virulence was not detected for the resistance genes Rph3, Rph7, Rph11, or Rph14. The distribution and spread of the pathotypes detected, their possible origins, pathogenicity on several uncharacterized seedling resistance sources, and implications for resistance breeding are discussed.
18
Mammadov, J. A., W. S. Brooks, C. A. Griffey, and M. A. Saghai Maroof. "Validating molecular markers for barley leaf rust resistance genes Rph5 and Rph7." Plant Breeding 126, no. 5 (2007): 458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2007.01387.x.
Full text
19
Liang, Chung-Yi, Long-Chi Wang, and Wan-Sheng Lo. "Dissociation of the H3K36 demethylase Rph1 from chromatin mediates derepression of environmental stress-response genes under genotoxic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular Biology of the Cell 24, no. 20 (2013): 3251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e12-11-0820.
Full textAbstract:
Cells respond to environmental signals by altering gene expression through transcription factors. Rph1 is a histone demethylase containing a Jumonji C (JmjC) domain and belongs to the C2H2 zinc-finger protein family. Here we investigate the regulatory network of Rph1 in yeast by expression microarray analysis. More than 75% of Rph1-regulated genes showed increased expression in the rph1-deletion mutant, suggesting that Rph1 is mainly a transcriptional repressor. The binding motif 5′-CCCCTWA-3′, which resembles the stress response element, is overrepresented in the promoters of Rph1-repressed genes. A significant proportion of Rph1-regulated genes respond to DNA damage and environmental stress. Rph1 is a labile protein, and Rad53 negatively modulates Rph1 protein level. We find that the JmjN domain is important in maintaining protein stability and the repressive effect of Rph1. Rph1 is directly associated with the promoter region of targeted genes and dissociated from chromatin before transcriptional derepression on DNA damage and oxidative stress. Of interest, the master stress-activated regulator Msn2 also regulates a subset of Rph1-repressed genes under oxidative stress. Our findings confirm the regulatory role of Rph1 as a transcriptional repressor and reveal that Rph1 might be a regulatory node connecting different signaling pathways responding to environmental stresses.
20
Etienne, Ndindiriyimana, Joyce Kirabo Dr., and Michael Waweru Mr. "NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTIONS ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTHS IN RWANDA, CASE OF AFRICAN EVANGELISTIC ENTERPRISE IN RWANDA." NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTIONS ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTHS IN RWANDA, CASE OF AFRICAN EVANGELISTIC ENTERPRISE IN RWANDA 12, no. 4 (2024): 163–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14028083.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Abstract:</strong><em> </em>This study investigates the impact of NGO interventions, particularly those by the African Evangelistic Enterprise (AEE), on the socio-economic development of youths in Rwanda. The primary objective is to assess how these interventions contribute to youth development through three specific areas: educational programs, financial empowerment, and vocational training. Employing a descriptive research design, the study targeted a population of 192 beneficiaries and AEE staff, from which a sample of 130 participants was selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a combination of questionnaires and interviews, designed to gather both quantitative and qualitative insights. The reliability of the data collection tools was verified using Cronbach’s alpha, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings revealed that AEE’s educational interventions had a significant positive effect on socio-economic development, with an overall mean score of 4.438, indicating strong agreement among respondents. The relationship between these educational programs and youth development was statistically significant (r = 0.883). Financial empowerment interventions also showed significant influence, with a mean score of 4.333 and a relationship coefficient of 0.928. Vocational training programs, with a mean score of 4.272, similarly demonstrated a strong positive relationship (r = 0.940). The study concludes that NGO interventions play a crucial role in fostering socio-economic development among Rwandan youth. Recommendations include expanding AEE’s programs nationwide to enhance their impact and align with Rwanda's sustainable development goals. Additionally, the researcher suggests further studies to explore the effects of digital literacy and technology-based training on employability and to investigate barriers preventing marginalized groups from accessing these interventions, thereby promoting greater inclusivity in socio-economic development efforts.<em> </em> <strong>Keywords:</strong> AEE: African Evangelistic Enterprise, NGOs: Non-Governmental Organizations, NISR: National Institute Statistics of Rwanda, SDG: Sustainable Development Goals, COVID 19: Coronavirus Disease 2019, AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, MINECOFIN: Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning in Rwanda, RPHC: Rwanda Population and Housing Census. <strong>Title:</strong> NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTIONS ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTHS IN RWANDA, CASE OF AFRICAN EVANGELISTIC ENTERPRISE IN RWANDA <strong>Author:</strong> Etienne Ndindiriyimana, Dr. Joyce Kirabo<sub>, </sub>Mr. Michael Waweru <strong>International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research </strong> <strong>ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)</strong> <strong>Vol. 12, Issue 4, October 2024 - December 2024</strong> <strong>Page No: 163-173</strong> <strong>Research Publish Journals</strong> <strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong> <strong>Published Date: 01-</strong><strong>November-2024</strong> <strong>DOI: </strong><strong>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14028083</strong> <strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong> <strong>https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/non-governmental-organizations-interventions-on-the-socio-economic-development-of-youths-in-rwanda-case-of-african-evangelistic-enterprise-in-rwanda</strong>
21
Kim, Charissa, Natasha Cigarroa, Venkateswar Surabhi, Balaji Ganeshan, and Anil K. Pillai. "Retrospective CT/MRI Texture Analysis of Rapidly Progressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Journal of Personalized Medicine 10, no. 3 (2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm10030136.
Full textAbstract:
Rapidly progressive hepatocellular carcinoma (RPHCC) is a subset of hepatocellular carcinoma that demonstrates accelerated growth, and the radiographic features of RPHCC versus non-RPHCC have not been determined. The purpose of this retrospective study was to use baseline radiologic features and texture analysis for the accurate detection of RPHCC and subsequent improvement of clinical outcomes. We conducted a qualitative visual analysis and texture analysis, which selectively extracted and enhanced imaging features of different sizes and intensity variation including mean gray-level intensity (mean), standard deviation (SD), entropy, mean of the positive pixels (MPP), skewness, and kurtosis at each spatial scaling factor (SSF) value of RPHCC and non-RPHCC tumors in a computed tomography (CT) cohort of n = 11 RPHCC and n = 11 non-RPHCC and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cohort of n = 13 RPHCC and n = 10 non-RPHCC. There was a statistically significant difference across visual CT irregular margins p = 0.030 and CT texture features in SSF between RPHCC and non-RPHCC for SSF-6, coarse-texture scale, mean p = 0.023, SD p = 0.053, MPP p = 0.023. A composite score of mean SSF-6 binarized + SD SSF-6 binarized + MPP SSF-6 binarized + irregular margins was significantly different between RPHCC and non-RPHCC (p = 0.001). A composite score ≥3 identified RPHCC with a sensitivity of 81.8% and specificity of 81.8% (AUC = 0.884, p = 0.002). CT coarse-texture-scale features in combination with visually detected irregular margins were able to statistically differentiate between RPHCC and non-RPHCC. By developing an image-based, non-invasive diagnostic criterion, we created a composite score that can identify RPHCC patients at their early stages when they are still eligible for transplantation, improving the clinical course of patient care.
22
Sarojini, R., R. Nagabhushanam, and M. Fingerman. "A neurotransmitter role for red-pigment-concentrating hormone in ovarian maturation in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 6 (1995): 1253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.6.1253.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of red-pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH) on ovarian maturation in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii was studied using both in vivo and in vitro techniques. In vivo, RPCH stimulated ovarian maturation. However, RPCH did not affect the ovary in vitro when only RPCH, muscle and ovarian explants were used. But when RPCH, thoracic ganglia, which are known to contain gonad-stimulating hormone-like (GSH-like) activity, and ovarian explants were incubated together, significant ovarian maturation ensued. The calcium ionophore A23187 mimicked RPCH both in vivo and in vitro. These results provide evidence to support the hypothesis that RPCH has a role as a neurotransmitter in Procambarus clarkii to stimulate GSH release, with calcium acting as a second messenger for RPCH.
23
Castiglione, G., M. Zappa, G. Grazzini, et al. "Cost Analysis in a Population Based Screening Programme for Colorectal Cancer: Comparison of Immunochemical and Guaiac Faecal Occult Blood Testing." Journal of Medical Screening 4, no. 3 (1997): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096914139700400306.
Full textAbstract:
Objective— To compare the costs of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening by two faecal occult blood tests (FOBT)—namely, Hemoccult (guaiac based) and reversed passive haemagglutination (RPHA) tests. RPHA was interpreted according to two positivity thresholds (+ or +/-). Methods— Attenders performed both tests. Subjects with a positive FOBT test were invited to have a complete exploration of the colon. The total costs for every 10 000 screened subjects and costs for each unit of result (screened subject, or patient with adenoma/s or cancer detected) were calculated for both tests. Results— 8353 subjects were enrolled. A total of 2109 repeated screening after two years. RPHA(+ and +/-) showed the highest and RPHA(+) the lowest positivity rate at first screening. The Hemoccult positivity rate was highest at repeat screening. Total costs of screening by RPHA(+ and +/-) were highest as this method had the highest recall rate. Screening by RPHA(+) was the least costly. Costs for each screened subject were highest for RPHA(+ and +/-) and lowest for RPHA(+). Costs for each cancer detected were lowest for RPHA(+) and highest for Hemoccult or RPHA(+ and +/-) in subjects aged > 49 or < 50, respectively. Costs for subjects with detected adenoma/s of > 9 mm were lowest for RPHA(+ and +/-) and highest for Hemoccult. At repeat screening total costs of RPHA(+ and +/-) were lower than at first screening, whereas for each subject with cancer or adenoma/s costs were increased. Conclusions— Our data confirm that screening by RPHA is more cost effective than by Hemoccult.
24
Takahashi, I., N. Okahashi, K. Matsushita, et al. "Immunogenicity and protective effect against oral colonization by Streptococcus mutans of synthetic peptides of a streptococcal surface protein antigen." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 1 (1991): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.1.332.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Streptococcus mutans is known to be a major causative organism of human dental caries. A surface protein Ag with a molecular mass of 190 kDa of S. mutans (PAc) is receiving attention as an anticaries vaccine. We have recently determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for PAc. In this study, four peptides were synthesized on the basis of amino acid sequence of PAc. Among these peptides, PAc(301-319) corresponding to the alanine-rich repeating amino acid region was the most strongly bound by polyclonal murine anti-rPAc antibodies. The peptide partially inhibited the binding of polyclonal anti-rPAc antibodies to rPAc. The peptide induced the proliferation of T cells from BALB/c mice immunized with rPAc. Subcutaneous immunization with PAc(301-319) or rPAc emulsified in CFA/IFA induced high serum IgG responses to rPAc and PAc(301-319). In addition, serum IgG responses to a surface protein Ag with a molecular mass of 210 kDa of Streptococcus sobrinus were elicited in mice immunized by s.c. injection with PAc(301-319) or rPAc. Intranasal immunization with PAc(301-319) coupled to cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) or with rPAc and free CTB induced high serum IgG responses to rPAc. The immunization with PAc(301-319) coupled to CTB or rPAc and free CTB suppressed the colonization of murine teeth by S. mutans. These results suggest that intranasal immunization with the peptide or rPAc may be effective for the prevention of dental caries.
25
Garfias, A., L. Rodríguez-Sosa, and H. Aréchiga. "Modulation of crayfish retinal function by red pigment concentrating hormone." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 7 (1995): 1447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.7.1447.
Full textAbstract:
The role of the crustacean octapeptide red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) in the control of crayfish retinal activity was explored. RPCH injection into intact animals resulted, after a latency of 10&shy;30 min, in a dose-dependent enhancement of electroretinogram (ERG) amplitude lasting 60&shy;120 min. RPCH was able to potentiate ERG amplitude in both light-adapted and dark-adapted animals. Following light-adaptation, responsiveness to RPCH was five times higher than following dark-adaptation. In conjunction with ERG enhancement, in light-adapted animals, RPCH injection elicited a dose-dependent retraction of distal retinal pigment, but did not affect proximal retinal pigment position. The effects of RPCH were blocked by a polyclonal antibody raised against a tyrosinated form of RPCH (A-tyr-RPCH). The antibody was also capable of partially blocking the nocturnal phase of the circadian rhythm of ERG amplitude and the darkness-induced retraction of distal retinal pigment. These results suggest that RPCH acts both on the retinal photoreceptors and on the distal pigment cells, playing a physiological role as a mediator of the effects induced by darkness and by the nocturnal phase of the circadian rhythm.
26
Chen, Hui-Ju, Fan-Jhen Dai, Cheng-You Chen, et al. "Evaluating the Antioxidants, Whitening and Antiaging Properties of Rice Protein Hydrolysates." Molecules 26, no. 12 (2021): 3605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123605.
Full textAbstract:
Plant-derived protein hydrolysates have potential applications in nutrition. Rice protein hydrolysates (RPHs), an excellent source of proteins, have attracted attention for the development of cosmeceuticals. However, few studies have reported the potential application of RPH in analysis, and this study examined their antioxidant activities and the inhibitory activities of skin aging enzymes. The results indicated that the total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations were 2.06 ± 0.13 mg gallic acid equivalent/g RPHs and 25.96 ± 0.52 µg quercetin equivalent/g RPHs, respectively. RPHs demonstrated dose-dependent activity for scavenging free radicals from 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 42.58 ± 2.1 mg/g RPHs] and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (IC50 = 2.11 ± 0.88 mg/g RPHs), dose-dependent reduction capacity (6.95 ± 1.40 mg vitamin C equivalent/g RPHs) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (473 µmol Trolox equivalent/g RPHs). The concentrations of the RPH solution required to achieve 50% inhibition of hyaluronidase and tyrosinase activities were determined to be 8.91 and 107.6 mg/mL, respectively. This study demonstrated that RPHs have antioxidant, antihyaluronidase, and antityrosinase activities for future cosmetic applications.
27
Sherff, C. M., and B. Mulloney. "Red pigment concentrating hormone is a modulator of the crayfish swimmeret system." Journal of Experimental Biology 155, no. 1 (1991): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.155.1.21.
Full textAbstract:
The crustacean red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) has been localized in neurons of the crayfish abdominal nerve cord and modulates the crayfish swimmeret rhythm. An antibody to RPCH labels a small set of cell bodies and axons in each abdominal ganglion. Physiological experiments in which RPCH was perfused into the ganglia of isolated nerve cords showed that RPCH modulated the swimmeret rhythm. In nerve cords that were spontaneously producing the swimmeret rhythm, RPCH lengthened both the period and the duration of bursts of action potentials, but did not alter the phase relationships between bursts in different segments. RPCH did not initiate the swimmeret rhythm in preparations that showed intermittent or no bursting activity. We believe that RPCH is released as a neurotransmitter in the lateral neuropil, where it exerts its effects on the local swimmeret circuits.
28
NUSBAUM, MICHAEL P., and EVE MARDER. "A Neuronal Role For a Crustacean Red Pigment Concentrating Hormone-Like Peptide: Neuromodulation of the Pyloric Rhythm in the Crab, Cancer Borealis." Journal of Experimental Biology 135, no. 1 (1988): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.135.1.165.
Full textAbstract:
The distribution of red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH)-like immunoreactivity (RPLI) in the stomatogastric nervous system of the crab, Cancer borealis, was studied using whole-mount immunocytochemistry. RPLI was seen in neuropilar processes in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG), and in somata in the oesophageal ganglion and commissural ganglia. Staining was blocked by preincubating the antiserum with RPCH, as well as with a number of adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) and related peptides. Synthetic RPCH had strong actions on the pyloric rhythm of the isolated STG. Bath applications of RPCH (10−9-10−6moll−1) increased the cycle frequency in preparations displaying slow pyloric rhythms, and initiated rhythmic pyloric activity in silent preparations. In the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), RPCH evoked rhythmic non-impulse-mediated alternations in membrane potential in the lateral pyloric and pyloric dilator motor neurones. The effects of RPCH were compared to those of a series of AKHs which resemble RPCH structurally. The immunocytochemical and physiological data together suggest that RPCH or a similar molecule is a neurally released modulator of the STG.
29
Singh, Amandeep, Harleen K. Waraich, and Mehar K. Sood. "Role of Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Retained Products of Conception." Indographics 03, no. 01 (2024): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787690.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract“Retained products of conception” (RPOC) account for a significant number of radiology clinical visits in the postnatal or postabortive period. Any delay in receiving the necessary treatment can lead to further complications and may even prove lethal. On the other hand, overtreatment where none is required may also lead to complications and can affect future conceptions. Therefore, a timely and accurate detection of RPOC is essential in saving the life and preventing future complications. Ultrasonography helps in diagnosing and quantifying the RPOC and is, therefore, important when choosing the course of management for the patient. Various findings in pathologically confirmed cases of RPOC have been described in the literature. However, a significant overlap with the normal postnatal findings is seen. This article aims to describe the various features of RPOC on ultrasound, which may increase the diagnostic confidence of the radiologists in cases of RPOC. The RPOC mimics and features that may help differentiate them have also been briefly discussed.
30
Chapel, Soraya, Florent Rouvière, Davy Guillarme, and Sabine Heinisch. "Reversed HILIC Gradient: A Powerful Strategy for On-Line Comprehensive 2D-LC." Molecules 28, no. 9 (2023): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093907.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the present work is to evaluate the possibilities and limitations of reversed hydrophilic interaction chromatography (revHILIC) mode in liquid chromatography (LC). This chromatographic mode consists of combining a highly polar stationary phase (bare silica) with a gradient varying from very low (1–5%) to high (40%) acetonitrile content (reversed gradient compared to HILIC). The retention behavior of revHILIC was first compared with that of reversed-phase LC (RPLC) and HILIC using representative mixtures of peptides and pharmaceutical compounds. It appears that the achievable selectivity can be ranked in the order RPLC > revHILIC > HILIC with the two different samples. Next, two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) conditions were evaluated by combining RPLC, revHILIC, or HILIC with RPLC in an on-line comprehensive (LC × LC) mode. evHILIC × RPLC not only showed impressive performance in terms of peak capacity and sensitivity, but also provided complementary selectivity compared to RPLC × RPLC and HILIC × RPLC. Indeed, both the elution order and the retention time range differ significantly between the three techniques. In conclusion, there is no doubt that revHILIC should be considered as a viable option for 2D-LC analysis of small molecules and also peptides.
31
Ostrowska, Anna, Magdalena Kozłowska, Danuta Rachwał, Piotr Wnukowski, Ewa Nebesny, and Justyna Rosicka-Kaczmarek. "Rapeseed protein-fibre concentrate: chemical composition and functional properties." Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 117, no. 4 (2018): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2018/117/261.
Full textAbstract:
Dietary fibre has a beneficial effect on human health that is manifested, among other things, in a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes or neoplasms. Its numerous functional properties render it a desirable food additive. The objective of the research study was to assess the nutritional and functional properties of a novel rapeseed protein-fibre concentrate (RPFC) developed by a NapiFeryn BioTech company. The chemical composition, including the amino acid composition, and the functional properties of RPFC were compared with those of the soy fibre (SF) and pea fibre (PF) available on the market; the purpose of the comparison was to evaluate the potential of RPFC as a novel ingredient for use in food applications. The research study showed that RPFC contained significantly more protein than SF and PF. At the same time it was found that the level of total dietary fibre in RPFC was similar to the level of this ingredient in SF. What's more, RPFC was characterized by the highest contents of ash and phytic acid. Based on the analysis results of amino acids it was proved that the level of lysine was the highest in RPFC. The RPFC was characterized by a higher content of essential amino acids than PF and a lower content thereof than SF. RPFC was distinguished by good functional features, such as emulsifying activity, emulsion stability, and water and oil absorption capacity. It was showed that RPFC had suitable features to be used as a functional food ingredient in food products.
32
Shu, Wen-Jie, Runfa Chen, Zhao-Hong Yin, Feng Li, Heng Zhang, and Hai-Ning Du. "Rph1 coordinates transcription of ribosomal protein genes and ribosomal RNAs to control cell growth under nutrient stress conditions." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 15 (2020): 8360–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa558.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Coordinated regulation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosomal protein gene (RPG) transcription by eukaryotic RNA polymerases (RNAP) is a key requirement for growth control. Although evidence for balance between RNPI-dependent 35S rRNA production and RNAPII-mediated RPG transcription have been described, the molecular basis is still obscure. Here, we found that Rph1 modulates the transcription status of both rRNAs and RPGs in yeast. We show that Rph1 widely associates with RNAPI and RNAPII-transcribed genes. Deletion of RPH1 remarkably alleviates cell slow growth caused by TORC1 inhibition via derepression of rRNA and RPG transcription under nutrient stress conditions. Mechanistically, Rim15 kinase phosphorylates Rph1 upon rapamycin treatment. Phosphorylation-mimetic mutant of Rph1 exhibited more resistance to rapamycin treatment, decreased association with ribosome-related genes, and faster cell growth compared to the wild-type, indicating that Rph1 dissociation from chromatin ensures cell survival upon nutrient stress. Our results uncover the role of Rph1 in coordination of RNA polymerases-mediated transcription to control cell growth under nutrient stress conditions.
33
Chandran, Ishwarya Chandran, Ushadevi Gopalan, and Karthika Mayilvahanan. "A novel approach - letrozole in the management of retained products of conception: a case report." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 13, no. 10 (2024): 2966–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242844.
Full textAbstract:
Miscarriage affects 15-20% of pregnancies, often in the first trimester, with 1-5% involving retained products of conception (RPOC). Traditional management includes misoprostol or surgical evacuation. WHO guidelines suggest oral letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, as an alternative for first-trimester medical termination of pregnancy (MTP). This case reports on the effectiveness of letrozole in treating RPOC.A 20-year-old primigravida with persistent vaginal bleeding post-MTP presented with RPOC. Despite prior misoprostol treatment, bleeding continued. Ultrasound revealed RPOC (3.20×2.57 cm) with vascularity. Letrozole 5 mg daily for 5 days was administered after informed consent. Follow-up ultrasound showed complete resolution of RPOC, with no significant side effects. Letrozole, a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, has shown potential in managing RPOC by inhibiting estrogen production, thus facilitating expulsion. This case supports its efficacy and tolerability as an alternative to surgical intervention or traditional medical treatments. Letrozole effectively resolved RPOC in this case, highlighting its potential as a non-invasive treatment option. Further research is needed to validate its standard use for RPOC.
34
Wen, Li, Yuehua Chen, Li Zhang та ін. "Rice protein hydrolysates (RPHs) inhibit the LPS-stimulated inflammatory response and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 macrophages by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway". RSC Advances 6, № 75 (2016): 71295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra08927e.
Full textAbstract:
Different RPH components inhibit LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production. RPHs-C-7-3 inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory expression. RPHs-C-7-3 suppresses the LPS-stimulated phagocytic ability. RPHs-C-7-3 regulates the nuclear translocation of p65.
35
Ashish, Saini, and Saraswat Amit. "SOLVING A MULTI-OBJECTIVE REACTIVE POWER MARKET CLEARING MODEL USING NSGA-II." International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT) 2, no. 3 (2012): 49–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3559557.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents an application of elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) for solving a multi-objective reactive power market clearing (MO-RPMC) model. In this MO-RPMC model, two objective functions such as total payment function (TPF) for reactive power support from generators/synchronous condensers and voltage stability enhancement index (VSEI) are optimized simultaneously while satisfying various system equality and inequality constraints in competitive electricity markets which forms a complex mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem with binary variables. The proposed NSGA-II based MO-RPMC model is tested on standard IEEE 24 bus reliability test system. The results obtained in NSGA-II based MO- RPMC model are also compared with the results obtained in real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) based single-objective RPMC models.
36
Gentry, Daniel R., Stephen F. Rittenhouse, Lynn McCloskey, and David J. Holmes. "Stepwise Exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to Pleuromutilins Is Associated with Stepwise Acquisition of Mutations in rplC and Minimally Affects Susceptibility to Retapamulin." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 6 (2007): 2048–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01066-06.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT To assess their effects on susceptibility to retapamulin in Staphylococcus aureus, first-, second-, and third-step mutants with elevated MICs to tiamulin and other investigational pleuromutilin compounds were isolated and characterized through exposure to high drug concentrations. All first- and second-step mutations were in rplC, encoding ribosomal protein L3. Most third-step mutants acquired a third mutation in rplC. While first- and second-step mutations did cause an elevation in tiamulin and retapamulin MICs, a significant decrease in activity was not seen until a third mutation was acquired. All third-step mutants exhibited severe growth defects, and faster-growing variants arose at a high frequency from most isolates. These faster-growing variants were found to be more susceptible to pleuromutilins. In the case of a mutant with three alterations in rplC, the fast-growing variants acquired an additional mutation in rplC. In the case of fast-growing variants of isolates with two mutations in rplC and at least one mutation at an unmapped locus, one of the two rplC mutations reverted to wild type. These data indicate that mutations in rplC that lead to pleuromutilin resistance have a direct, negative effect on fitness. While reduction in activity of retapamulin against S. aureus can be seen through mutations in rplC, it is likely that target-specific resistance to retapamulin will be slow to emerge due to the need for three mutations for a significant effect on activity and the fitness cost of each mutational step.
37
Castiglione, G., M. Zappa, G. Grazzini, et al. "Screening for colorectal cancer by faecal occult blood test: comparison of immunochemical tests." Journal of Medical Screening 7, no. 1 (2000): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jms.7.1.35.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To compare two immunochemical faecal occult blood tests based on reversed passive haemagglutination (RPHA) or latex agglutination (Hdia) in a population based screening setting. Method Hdia was interpreted according to three positivity thresholds: 100, 150, or 200 ng of haemoglobin/mg of specimen solution. A total of 5844 subjects were recruited into the study, from 17 432 invited subjects aged 50–70. Results Positivity rates were 3.3% for RPHA, Hdia100 3.5%, Hdia150 2.5%, Hdia200 2.0%. Among subjects complying with the diagnostic work up, colorectal cancer (CRC) was detected in 19 subjects (17 RPHA positive, 16 Hdia100 positive, 15 Hdia150 positive, 14 Hdia200 positive) and high risk adenoma/s in 41 subjects (28 RPHA positive, 32 Hdia100 positive, 29 Hdia150 positive, 25 Hdia200 positive). The prevalence of screen positive CRC in the population was for RPHA 2.9‰, Hdia100 2.7‰, Hdia150 2.6‰, Hdia200 2.4‰. The prevalence of screen positive high risk adenomas in the population was for RPHA 4.8‰, Hdia100 5.5‰, Hdia150 5.0‰, Hdia200 4.3‰. Conclusion Hdia100 was as sensitive as RPHA for cancer and high risk adenomas. As Hdia is less technically complex than RPHA, it is a valid alternative to the latter, provided that full automation of the development procedure is available. Increasing the positivity threshold of Hdia up to 150 or 200 ng of haemoglobin/mg of specimen solution is not advisable as the increase in specificity is too small to justify the corresponding decrease in the detection of screen positive cancers in the population.
38
Alvarado-Alvarez, R., E. Becerra, and U. Garcia. "A high-resolution in vitro bioassay to identify neurons containing red pigment concentrating hormone." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 13 (1999): 1777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.13.1777.
Full textAbstract:
The release of red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) by single peptidergic neurons of the crayfish X organ/sinus gland system (XO-SG) was demonstrated using a novel in vitro bioassay in which XO neurons were co-cultured with tegumentary erythrophores. Local retraction of the pigmentary matrix within filipodia from erythrophores plated next to presumptive RPCH-containing neurons suggest spontaneous hormone release. Topical application of synthetic RPCH onto long filipodia also produced a local response. The time course of pigmentary matrix aggregation depended on the dose of synthetic RPCH. The effect of peptide on the cultured target cells was blocked by a polyclonal antiserum against RPCH. In co-culture conditions, the time course of pigmentary matrix aggregation was accelerated when presumptive RPCH-containing neurons were depolarized by intracellular current injection or by voltage-clamping to activate the Ca2+ current. The aggregation response evoked by these maneuvers was similar to that obtained with synthetic RPCH at a concentration of 1 fmol l-1. The immune serum was also used to identify a subset of 3–7 immunoreactive neurons localized in the external rim of the XO close to the medulla interna. Under culture conditions, this subset of neurons corresponded to the cells that induced the erythrophore response.
39
Armahizer, Michael J., David Johnson, Christina M. Deusenberry, John J. Foley, Edward P. Krenzelok, and Tara L. Pummer. "Evaluation of Pharmacist Utilization of a Poison Center as a Resource for Patient Care." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 26, no. 3 (2012): 220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012451911.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to evaluate pharmacist use of a Regional Poison Information Center (RPIC), identify potential barriers to utilization, and provide strategies to overcome these barriers. All calls placed to a RPIC by a pharmacist, physician, or nurse over a 5-year period were retrieved. These data were analyzed to assess the pharmacist utilization of the RPIC and the variation of call types. Additionally, a survey, designed to assess the past and future use of the RPIC by pharmacists, was distributed to pharmacists in the region. Of the 37 799 calls made to the RPIC, 26 367 (69.8%) were from nurses, 8096 (21.4%) were from physicians, and 3336 (8.8%) were from pharmacists. Among calls initiated by pharmacists, the majority involved medication identification (n = 2391, 71.7%). The survey had a 38.9% response rate (n = 715) and revealed a trend toward less RPIC utilization by pharmacists with more formal training but less practice experience. The utilization of the RPIC was lowest among pharmacists as compared to other health care professionals. This may be due to pharmacists’ unfamiliarity with the poison center’s scope of services and resources. Therefore, it is important that pharmacists are educated on the benefit of utilizing poison centers in clinical situations.
40
Guo, Yinping, Yanping Zhang, Jian-Liang Li, and Nian Wang. "Diffusible Signal Factor-Mediated Quorum Sensing Plays a Central Role in Coordinating Gene Expression of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 25, no. 2 (2012): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-07-11-0184.
Full textAbstract:
Diffusible signal factor (DSF) family signal-mediated quorum sensing (QS) has been identified in many gram-negative bacteria. This QS pathway of Xanthomonas spp. consists of three major QS components: RpfF, RpfC, and RpfG. The rpfF gene encodes a putative enoyl-CoA hydratase that catalyzes the synthesis of the signal molecule. RpfC and RpfG serve as a two-component system for the perception and transduction of the extracellular DSF family signals. In order to further characterize the QS regulatory network in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, we investigated the RpfF, RpfC, and RpfG regulons by using transcriptome analyses. Comparison of the transcriptomes of the QS mutants (rpfF, rpfC, and rpfG) with that of the wild-type strain revealed a core group of genes controlled by all three QS components, suggesting that the RpfC-RpfG two-component system is a major and conserved signal perception and transduction system for DSF family signal-mediated QS in X. citri subsp. citri. The unique genes controlled by RpfF alone indicate the complexity of the QS pathway and the involvement of additional sensory mechanisms in X. citri subsp. citri. The unique genes controlled by RpfC and RpfG, respectively, support the possibility that RpfC and RpfG play broader roles in gene regulation other than transduction of DSF signals.
41
Chang, Yuanyuan, Jian Wu, Xia-Jing Tong, Jin-Qiu Zhou, and Jianping Ding. "Crystal structure of the catalytic core of Saccharomyces cerevesiae histone demethylase Rph1: insights into the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism." Biochemical Journal 433, no. 2 (2010): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20101418.
Full textAbstract:
Saccharomyces cerevesiae Rph1 is a histone demethylase orthologous to human JMJD2A (Jumonji-domain-containing protein 2A) that can specifically demethylate tri- and di-methylated Lys36 of histone H3. c-Rph1, the catalytic core of Rph1, is responsible for the demethylase activity, which is essential for the transcription elongation of some actively transcribed genes. In the present work, we report the crystal structures of c-Rph1 in apo form and in complex with Ni2+ and α-KG [2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate)]. The structure of c-Rph1 is composed of a JmjN (Jumonji N) domain, a long β-hairpin, a mixed structural motif and a JmjC domain. The α-KG cofactor forms hydrogen-bonding interactions with the side chains of conserved residues, and the Ni2+ ion at the active site is chelated by conserved residues and the cofactor. Structural comparison of Rph1 with JMJD2A indicates that the substrate-binding cleft of Rph1 is formed with several structural elements of the JmjC domain, the long β-hairpin and the mixed structural motif; and the methylated Lys36 of H3 is recognized by several conserved residues of the JmjC domain. In vitro biochemical results show that mutations of the key residues at the catalytic centre and in the substrate-binding cleft abolish the demethylase activity. In vivo growth phenotype analyses also demonstrate that these residues are essential for its functional roles in transcription elongation. Taken together, our structural and biological data provide insights into the molecular basis of the histone demethylase activity and the substrate specificity of Rph1.
42
Fujii, Ritsushi, Mitsutaka Kuzuya, Masako Hamano, Hajime Ogura, Masao Yamada, and Tadashige Mori. "Neutralization Assay for Human Group C Rotaviruses Using a Reverse Passive Hemagglutination Test for Endpoint Determination." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 1 (2000): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.1.50-54.2000.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT A novel neutralization assay for human group C rotavirus (CHRV) was developed by using a reverse passive hemagglutination (RPHA) test for endpoint determination. In this assay, the neutralization (N)-RPHA test, serial twofold dilutions of sera were mixed with a solution of CHRV that yielded an RPHA test titer of 8 at 3 days after infection. The mixtures were incubated at 37°C for 1 h and were inoculated onto CaCo-2 cell monolayers in a 96-well microplate. Maintenance medium containing 100 μg of pancreatin per ml was placed in each well. The plate was sealed with sticky plastic film and was incubated at 37°C for 3 days under continuous rotation. Then, the RPHA test titer of each well was determined. The neutralization titer was expressed as the reciprocal of the maximum dilution of the serum that exhibited a fourfold (75%) or greater reduction in the RPHA test titer (8 to 2 or less). Seroconversion of neutralizing antibody was demonstrated by this method in four sets of paired serum specimens from patients with diarrheal disease caused by CHRV. The seroprevalence of CHRV in the general population in Okayama Prefecture was 26.8% by immunofluorescence and 25.5% by the N-RPHA test. The N-RPHA test described here is the first system used to assay for a neutralization antibody against CHRV and is applicable in both clinical and epidemiological settings.
43
Xinxia, Zhangabc Li Wangabc* ZhengxingChenabc* YongfuLiab XiaohuLuoabc &. YananLiabc. "INTRACELLULAR ANTIOXIDANT MECHANISM OF RICE PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES TREATED WITH HIGH ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 6, no. 4 (2019): 245–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2650953.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, intracellular antioxidant mechanism of rice protein hydrolysates (RPHs) treated with high energy electron beam irradiation (EBI) was discussed using CAA assay and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative damage modelin HepG-2 cell. Changes of RPHs structures were measured by FTIR and CD spectra. Molecular weight distribution was detected by gel permeation chromatography. After EBI treatment, CAA value of RPHs increased from 7.58±0.19 μM QE/g to 11.46±0.16 μM QE/g, indicating that the cellular antioxidant activity of RPHswas improved by EBI. Furthermore, the EB Itreated RPHs has better protective effect on oxidative stressed cells, with cell viability increased to 88.02± 1.18%, while the level of ROS, MDA and LDH decreased by2.05-fold, 49.03% and 2.16-fold, respectively, compared with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> damaged group. RPHs pretreated with EBI exerted its antioxidant effect by activating intracellular antioxidant enzymes: the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activity of cells incubated with EBI treated RPHs were significantly higher than that of the damaged group, which was increased by 100.57 U/mg pro, 16.78 U/mg pro and 21.28 U/mg pro, respectively.The basic structure of RPHs was not changed after EBI treatment, while the secondary structure change and molecular weight reduction induced by EBI result in the antioxidant activity improvement in HepG-2cells.
44
Salov, I. A., I. V. Naumova, and M. V. Lomovitskaya. "Optimization of intrauterine interventions in spontaneous abortion." Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction 18, no. 3 (2024): 352–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2024.522.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Retained products of conception (RPOC) are detected in 15 % of women after spontaneous or medical abortion. RPOC blind removal from the uterine cavity remains the "gold standard" of surgical treatment, which, however, may be associated with a high risk of certain complications that pose a serious threat to female reproductive function and quality of life. An alternative method for eliminating RPOC proposed by operative hysteroscopy demonstrating the visual control advantages.Aim: to evaluate clinical effectiveness and safety of RPOC removal in incomplete spontaneous abortion using hysteroscopic morcellation.Materials and Methods. The prospective comparative study included 135 women with incomplete spontaneous abortion aged 18 to 40 years, divided into 3 groups: group 1 – 42 patients after RPOC electromechanical vacuum aspiration (EVA); group 2 – 44 patients after RPOC manual vacuum aspiration (MVA); group 3 – 49 patients after RPOC hysteroscopic morcellation (HM). In all patients, the level of total endotoxin was measured, metroaspirate cytokine profile was analyzed, the indicator of endometrial microcirculation was assessed before surgical treatment and on day 1 afterwards, and genital ultrasound examination was performed on day 3–5 post-surgery.Results. In the post-surgical vs. pre-treatment period, the EVA and MVA groups revealed significantly increased levels of total endotoxin and interleukin (IL) IL-1β (p < 0.05). In contrast, these parameters in the HM group changed insignificantly (p > 0.05). In all groups, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels after surgery were significantly elevated (p = 0.001). In the EVA and MVA groups, levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were markedly decreased (p = 0.001), which did not change in the HM group (p > 0.05). A significantly accelerated microcirculation rate was noted in the EVA and MVA groups while comparing it at pre-surgery level (p = 0.001), but not in the HM group (p = 0.415). Incomplete RPOC removal was reported for 4.5 % MVA patients, all EVA and HM patients had total RPOC elimination. Intraoperative bleeding, uterine perforation were not reported in any examined patient.Conclusion. The early-stage treatment results showed that RPOC removal by the HM is an effective and safe approach. Limited inflammatory response and stable endometrial microcirculation upon using the HM evidence about a minimal impact on the endometrium that lowers probability of postoperative adhesion.
45
Dickinson, P. S., C. Mecsas, J. Hetling, and K. Terio. "The neuropeptide red pigment concentrating hormone affects rhythmic pattern generation at multiple sites." Journal of Neurophysiology 69, no. 5 (1993): 1475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.69.5.1475.
Full textAbstract:
1. The cardiac sac network, which controls the rhythmic contractions of the cardiac sac in the foregut of crustaceans, is distributed throughout the stomatogastric nervous system, including the oesophageal ganglion (OG), the commissural ganglia (CGs), and the stomatogastric ganglion (STG). A red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH)-like peptide is likewise widely distributed. 2. The effects that bath application of the neuropeptide RPCH to the different ganglia has on the cardiac sac pattern were studied. 3. RPCH applied to the STG, the OG, or the CGs elicited bursting activity in all the known components of the cardiac sac pattern, including the two motor neurons, cardiac sac dilators 1 and 2 (CD1 and CD2), and the inferior ventricular nerve (ivn) fibers. 4. A cardiac sac pattern was also elicited when RPCH was applied to either the STG, the OG, or the CGs after synapses in that ganglion had been blocked by low Ca2+ saline containing 20 mM Co2+. 5. These data suggest that the ivn fibers are sensitive to RPCH and respond to it by generating bursting activity at or near their terminals in all four ganglia. 6. Application of RPCH to either the STG or the OG also caused an increase in the amplitude of the postsynaptic potential (PSP) from the ivn fibers to both CD1 and CD2. The increase was largest in the ganglion to which the RPCH was applied. 7. Repeated stimulation of the ivn, mimicking the bursts that occur during cardiac sac activity, also caused an increase in PSP amplitude, and so facilitation resulting from activation of ivn bursting could account for a portion of the increased amplitude seen in RPCH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
46
Dickinson, Patsy S., Jane Hauptman, John Hetling, and Anand Mahadevan. "RPCH Modulation of a Multi-Oscillator Network: Effects on the Pyloric Network of the Spiny Lobster." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 4 (2001): 1424–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.4.1424.
Full textAbstract:
The neuropeptide red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH), which we have previously shown to activate the cardiac sac motor pattern and lead to a conjoint gastric mill-cardiac sac pattern in the spiny lobster Panulirus, also activates and modulates the pyloric pattern. Like the activity of gastric mill neurons in RPCH, the pattern of activity in the pyloric neurons is considerably more complex than that seen in control saline. This reflects the influence of the cardiac sac motor pattern, and particularly the upstream inferior ventricular (IV) neurons, on many of the pyloric neurons. RPCH intensifies this interaction by increasing the strength of the synaptic connections between the IV neurons and their targets in the stomatogastric ganglion. At the same time, RPCH enhances postinhibitory rebound in the lateral pyloric (LP) neuron. Taken together, these factors largely explain the complex pyloric pattern recorded in RPCH in Panulirus.
47
Abubakar, Abubakar Aminu, Mohammed Sidi, Umar Mansur, Anas Ya'u, Aliyu Abdullahi Hassan, and Khadijah Aliyu Sadiq. "Sonographic patterns of retained products of conception among women attending Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital Kano, Nigeria." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 7, no. 4a (2022): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v7i4a.9.
Full textAbstract:
Retain products of conception (RPOC) remains a major concern because its complications are among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women with postpartum uterus. Every locality should have a documented findings of postpartum uterus predicting retained products of conception. This study was aimed at evaluating the sonographic pattern of RPOC among women attending Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano. The study was prospective, conducted from January 2021 to August 2021. A total of 200 patients referred on the suspicion of RPOC on the basis of history or clinical examination were enrolled in the study. Transabdominal ultrasound with 3.5MHtz transducer was performed in all referred cases. The findings obtained were recorded on data capture sheet. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 23.0. Mean age of the patients was 21.7 ±6.7 years and the mean gestational age was 11.7 ±4.8 weeks. Most of the patients present with per vaginal bleeding, lower back pain or fever as their clinical history. Sonographic findings of RPOC were mix-echogenic content 106(53%), hypoechoic fluid collection 52(26%) and hyperechoic mass 42 (21%). The correlation between clinical history and sonographic pattern of RPOC shows a significant weak positive correlation (r= 0.15 and p= 0.03). The correlation between RPOC size and gestational age also shows a significant weak positive correlation (r= 0.27 and p= 0.00). Sonography is an accurate tool for diagnosis of retained products of conception, with mixed echogenic content as the most common sonographic pattern RPOC.
48
Lukanov, Hristo. "Incubation characteristics of some Bulgarian chicken breeds." Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry 60, no. 6 (2023): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.61308/tzdv8636.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to investigate the main incubation characteristics of four Bulgarian chicken breeds originating from South-West Bulgaria – Rhodope Patterned chicken (RPCh), Bulgarian long crower (BL), South-West Bulgarian chicken (SWBCh) and Struma chicken (SCh). Hatching eggs, provided by amateur poultry breeders were used as follows: 276 eggs from RPCh, 366 eggs from BL, 254 eggs from SWBCh, and 180 eggs from SCh. The mean hatching egg weight was highest in BL group (58.02±5.58 g) and lowest in SWBCh group (52.29±3.62 g). Reported mean values for egg shape index ranged between 73.92±2.95% (SCh) and 78.32±3.29% (RPCh). The group RPCh stands out with the highest hatchability values, respectively, 84.06% of eggs sett and 86.23% of fertile eggs. The most unfavorable hatchability results were reported for the SCh breed, respectively, 61.11% hatchability from eggs sett and 76.67% hatchability from fertile eggs. The remaining two breeds showed intermediate values in terms of hatchability from eggs sett, 75.41% for LB and 79.53% for SWBCh, respectively. The highest share of unfertilized eggs was reported in SCh (15.56%) and the lowest in RPCh (2.17%). The highest share of culled eggs (unfertilized, dead embryo and unhatched) and chicks was reported in SCh group (42.22%) and the lowest in RPCh group (17.39%). This study enables to determine the relative reproductive potential of the studied chicken breeds. The RPCh breed stands out with the most favorable incubation characteristics, and the SCh breed with the least favorable.
49
Hobbs, Brian, Thanh Ton, Xiao Li, et al. "Comparing phase 3 “go” decisions (Ph3-GO) between single arm trials with real-world external control (SAT+rwEC) versus randomized phase 2 trials (rPh2)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e13564-e13564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e13564.
Full textAbstract:
e13564 Background: Traditional rPh2 trials have limitations that may yield suboptimal Ph3-GO. Compared to a rPh2 of equivalent sample size, SAT+rwEC allows more patients to receive experimental therapies while preserving the ability to compare experimental and control groups. Bias arising from measurement error and confounding in the rwEC, however, poses challenges to statistical inference. Preliminary studies suggest higher response rates are observed in rwEC than randomized controls. We compared Ph3-GO decisions between SAT+rwEC and rPh2. Methods: Ph3-GO probability was compared using simulation studies that resembled the oncology setting with objective response rate (ORR) endpoint. rPh2 simulated parameters were: sample size (60-120) with 1:1 randomization, ORR in rPh2 control (15%-50%), true treatment effect (ΔORR: 0-50). For each rPh2 of a given sample size, we evaluated an SAT+rwEC that re-allocated all rPh2 control patients to the experimental arm (i.e., doubling the sample size of the experimental arm) and added an rwEC. SAT+rwEC were simulated with assumptions for size (rwEC to SAT ratio: 0.5 to 2) and net bias (-10 to +10), which was simulated as a composite representing ORR measurement error plus residual confounding after multivariable adjustment. Positive direction of net bias corresponds to higher ORR in the rwEC. Ph3-GO thresholds varied from 10-30%. Ph3-GO was considered “False-GO” when true treatment effect < threshold, and “True-GO” when true treatment effect ≥ threshold. Results: With positive net bias of +10, SAT+rwEC had lower False-GO and True-GO decisions compared to rPh2. With negative net bias of -10, both False-GO and True-GO probabilities were higher for the SAT+rwEC. When net bias=0, the increased size of SAT+rwEC resulted in observable Ph3-GO improvements with lower False-GO and higher True-GO than corresponding rPh2. Conclusions: An interactive dashboard was developed for users. The magnitude and direction of net bias relative to the decision threshold affect the performance of SAT+rwEC. The relative sample size of rwEC to rPh2 may also impact performance. The dashboard can provide quantitative guidance for Ph3-GO if net bias can be estimated by independent studies. Further work to quantify net bias and refine Ph3-GO criteria can help reduce the currently high False-GO rates while increasing opportunities for patients to receive experimental therapies through the SAT+rwEC design. Ph3-GO probability for rPh2 vs. SAT+rwEC with threshold=15%, baseline ORR=20% (select scenarios).[Table: see text]
50
Xaysombath, Phouthanouthong, Nattakan Soykeabkaew, Darunee Wattanasiriwech, and Suthee Wattanasiriwech. "Properties of Cementitious Composite Reinforced with Recycled Pulp from Beverage Cartons." Chiang Mai Journal of Science 51, no. 4 (2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.063.
Full textAbstract:
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the refining level of recycled pulp from beverage cartons (RPBC) on the properties of its cementitious composite. The RPBC with various freeness levels, ranging from 400 to 650 mL of the Canadian Standard Freeness test method (CSF), was prepared using a high-speed fruit blender. The specimens were formed by the slurry de-watering method with 8wt% fiber content and mortar matrix with a sand-to-cement ratio of 1:1. The key findings reveal that the cementitious composites reinforced with the RPBC exhibited a maximum value of flexural strength of 11.17 MPa and the freeness of 550 mL CSF. The fracture toughness values of the RPBC composites were significantly improved compared to that of the control specimen. However, the values decreased by about 14% to 20 % as the freeness reduced from 650 to 400 mL CSF. The bulk density and porosity of the RPBCC were not significantly affected by the freeness of RPBC.