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1
Adi, Puput Dani Prasetyo. "ZigBee Test Performance with DHT11 Temperature sensor." Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence Journal 1, no. 1 (2021): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/iota.v1i1.360.
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This study aims to examine the ability and Performance or Quality of Services of the IEEE 802.15.4 or ZigBee Radio Frequency module on the sensor node ZigBee based. Furthermore, ZigBee's communication capabilities i.e., Tree, Star, and mesh networking were developed on the internet or Internet of Thing using RaspBerryPi 4 as the Internet Gateway. The sensors used e.g., Pulse sensor and temperature and Humidity Sensor. Moreover, the Spectrum Analyzer is used to measure the Radio Frequency Value (-dBm) per Channel (CH1 to CH12) on the Zigbee module (EDs and CN) communication at different distances,on the Mesh or Tree ZigBee Communication, ZR can be used, at Point to Point ZigBee, the role of ZR is neglected. Energy efficiency battery ZigBee sensor nodes need to be considered to obtain sensor nodes Long Life, moreover, RSSI (-dBm) is the key to the analysis of sensor node communication systems on different sensor node clustering, including Throughput, PacketLoss sensor data, and data analysis on Application Server.
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GP, Rajeshwari, Prathick Vasan G, Ramanarayanan C, and Elango K. "Boat Detection and Tracking Using RSSI Signal in A Device-Free Environment." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (2022): 1154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42532.
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Abstract: This project presents a device-free human detection method for using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurement of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) with packet dropout based on ZigBee. Packet loss is observed to be a familiar phenomenon with transmissions of WSNs. The packet reception rate (PRR) based on a large number of data packets cannot reflect the real-time link quality accurately. So, it raises a real-time RSSI link quality evaluation method based on the exponential smoothing method. Then, a device-free human detection method is proposed. Compared to conventional solutions which utilize a complex set of sensors for detection, the proposed approach achieves the same only by RSSI volatility. The experimental measurements are conducted in laboratory. A high-quality network based on ZigBee is obtained, and then, RSSI can be calculated from the receiver sensor modules. Experimental results show the uncertainty of RSSI change at the moment of human through the network area and confirm the validity of the detection method. Keywords: RSSI Signal, Detection and tracking
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Ibwe, Kwame, and Simeon Pande. "Filtering Effect on RSSI-Based Indoor Localization Methods." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 41, no. 4 (2022): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v41i4.803.
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Indoor positioning systems have become very popular in recent years because many applications need to know the physical location of objects. Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) based localization services are rapid, flexible and reliable way of identifying, controlling and locating different objects electronically. However, RSSI is prone to noise and interference which can greatly affect the accuracy performance of the system. In this paper Internet of Things (IoT) technologies like low energy Bluetooth (BLE), WiFi, LoRaWAN and ZigBee are used to obtain indoor positioning. Adopting the existing trilateration and positioning algorithms, the Kalman, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Particle filtering methods are employed to denoise the received RSSI signals to improve positioning accuracy. Experimental results show that choice of filtering method is of significance in improving the positioning accuracy. While FFT and Particle methods had no significant effect on the positioning accuracy, Kalman filter has proved to be the method of choice in for BLE, WiFi, LoRaWAN and ZigBee. Compared with unfiltered RSSI, results showed that accuracy was improved by 2% in BLE, 3% in WiFi, 22% in LoRaWAN and 17% in ZigBee technology for Kalman filtering method.
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Inthasuth, Tanakorn, Yongyut Kaewjumras, Sahapong Somwong, and Wasana Boonsong. "Comparative analysis of ZigBee, LoRa, and NB-IoT in a smart building: advantages, limitations, and integration possibilities." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 14, no. 1 (2025): 165. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v14.i1.pp165-175.
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This paper compares the performance of various wireless technologies: ZigBee, long range (LoRa), and narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT), which support smart building applications. The highlight of this work is that we focus on wireless communication between the floors of the building by analyzing the performance metrics using the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and packet loss ratio (PLR). First, the ZigBee tests confirmed reliable packet delivery without any loss over distances up to 40 meters on the same floor, with RSSI results ranging from -65.5 to -87.5 dBm. ZigBee also maintained signal transmission through one cross-floor level, with RSSI values between -60 and -119 dBm. The second set of tests, with LoRa, indicated signal transmission over several floors with slightly improved RSSI values for the 2 dBi antenna compared to those for the -4 dBi antenna, despite increased packet loss with distance. Finally, NB-IoT showed the most consistent long-range connectivity, achieving a stable signal up to 458 meters from the base station with RSSI levels varying from -55.6 to -74.6 dBm, without packet loss in all tests. This study demonstrates how such technologies could be used in smart buildings and provides suggestions on how to determine the most suitable systems and configure them to ensure reliable communication networks within the building.
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Inthasuth, Tanakorn, Yongyut Kaewjumras, Sahapong Somwang, and Wasana Boonsong. "Comparative analysis of ZigBee, LoRa, and NB-IoT in a smart building: advantages, limitations, and integration possibilities." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 14, no. 1 (2025): 165–75. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v14.i1.pp165-175.
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This paper compares the performance of various wireless technologies: ZigBee, long range (LoRa), and narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT), which support smart building applications. The highlight of this work is that we focus on wireless communication between the floors of the building by analyzing the performance metrics using the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and packet loss ratio (PLR). First, the ZigBee tests confirmed reliable packet delivery without any loss over distances up to 40 meters on the same floor, with RSSI results ranging from -65.5 to -87.5 dBm. ZigBee also maintained signal transmission through one cross-floor level, with RSSI values between -60 and -119 dBm. The second set of tests, with LoRa, indicated signal transmission over several floors with slightly improved RSSI values for the 2 dBi antenna compared to those for the -4 dBi antenna, despite increased packet loss with distance. Finally, NB-IoT showed the most consistent long-range connectivity, achieving a stable signal up to 458 meters from the base station with RSSI levels varying from -55.6 to -74.6 dBm, without packet loss in all tests. This study demonstrates how such technologies could be used in smart buildings and provides suggestions on how to determine the most suitable systems and configure them to ensure reliable communication networks within the building.
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Wang, Haijing, Fangfang Zhang, and Wenli Zhang. "Human Detection through RSSI Processing with Packet Dropout in Wireless Sensor Network." Journal of Sensors 2020 (September 21, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4758103.
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This paper presents a device-free human detection method for using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurement of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) with packet dropout based on ZigBee. Packet loss is observed to be a familiar phenomenon with transmissions of WSNs. The packet reception rate (PRR) based on a large number of data packets cannot reflect the real-time link quality accurately. So this paper firstly raises a real-time RSSI link quality evaluation method based on the exponential smoothing method. Then, a device-free human detection method is proposed. Compared to conventional solutions which utilize a complex set of sensors for detection, the proposed approach achieves the same only by RSSI volatility. The intermittent Karman algorithm is used to filter RSSI fluctuation caused by environment and other factors in data packets loss situation, and online learning is adopted to set algorithm parameters considering environmental changes. The experimental measurements are conducted in laboratory. A high-quality network based on ZigBee is obtained, and then, RSSI can be calculated from the receive sensor modules. Experimental results show the uncertainty of RSSI change at the moment of human through the network area and confirm the validity of the detection method.
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Wei, Zhe, and Zhanpeng Zhou. "A Combined Filtering Method for ZigBee Indoor Distance Measurement." Sensors 24, no. 10 (2024): 3164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24103164.
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Indoor distance measurement technology utilizing Zigbee’s Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) offers cost-effective and energy-efficient advantages, making it widely adopted for indoor distance measurement applications. However, challenges such as multipath effects, signal attenuation, and signal blockage often degrade the accuracy of distance measurements. Addressing these issues, this study proposes a combined filtering approach integrating Kalman filtering, Dixon’s Q-test, Gaussian filtering, and mean filtering. Initially, the method evaluates Zigbee’s transmission power, channel, and other parameters, analyzing their impact on RSSI values. Subsequently, it fits a signal propagation loss model based on actual measured data to understand the filtering algorithm’s effect on distance measurement error. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the conversion relationship between RSSI and distance. The average distance measurement error, approximately 0.46 m, substantially outperforms errors derived from raw RSSI data. Consequently, this method offers enhanced distance measurement accuracy, making it particularly suitable for indoor positioning applications.
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Ge, Xiao Yu, Qing Hui Wang, and Li Feng Wei. "The Design of RSSI Acquisition of Wireless Communication Network Based on ZigBee." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2407.
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ZigBee is a kind of new wireless communication technology which is widely used in many fields. It is now widely recognized that ZigBee is suitable for short distance, low complexity, low power, consumption and low rate applications. One of the most important applications is embedded system. Standards of the physical layer and the data link layer are developed by the group of IEEE802.15.4 and the others are developed by ZigBee alliance. First of all, the paper introduces the application of ZigBee wireless communication network. Then the emphases are to build ZigBee wireless communication network and take advantage of Visual Basic to realize RSSI collection.
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Xu, Bin, Zheng Yu, Yu Jia Ge, and Pei You Han. "A Light RSSI-Based Three Dimensions Location Estimation Algorithm for Indoor ZigBee Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 88-89 (August 2011): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.88-89.427.
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Received signal strength indication (RSSI) is one of the primary location techniques, which has been popularly used in ZigBee wireless sensor network. In this paper, the authors suggest to use RSSI-based technique to design a three dimensions location and finally realize valuables guardian system within an intelligent environment supplied with indoor ZigBee network. Several mobile nodes can be freely attached to the valuables and the movement of the nodes will be monitored by the system in period. Hierarchical alarm mechanism could be issued when some abnormal movements have been identified according to some pre-defined rules. The misstatement rate is low in the experiment.
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Jiang, Li. "Research on Positioning System Based on ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3787.
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Modern micro sensor has low cost, low power characteristic, it can realize the wireless communication and computing performance, a large number of the sensors organizations constitute the wireless sensor network. This paper realized the design of wireless sensor network positioning system based on CC2430 using Zigbee technology and RSSI ranging technology. Through the experiment test, the technology improved fixed position accuracy and resistance to environment base on RSSI calculate method.
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FITRIANI, RISKI, DIMAS BIWAS PUTRA, DOMINIKUS HARIAWAN AKHADI, et al. "Analisis Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Menggunakan Protokol ZigBee sebagai Media Transmisi Data Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS) di Area Bervegetasi Rapat: Studi Kasus Desa Cililin, Bandung Barat." Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 24, no. 2 (2023): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/jtl.2023.984.
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ABSTRACT One of the innovations to overcome landslide is Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS). Data transmission medium from LEWS will use Xbee based ZigBee protocol. The most possible communication in mountainous areas is wireless communication. Radio communication was chosen because it is free of data transmission costs and the Zigbee protocol has a fairly high data rate of up to 250 Kbps. The LEWS installation location is in the Cililin area, West Bandung. The characteristics of the site are densely vegetated with a variety of large woody plants and irregular spacing ranging from 1–3 meters. Prior to the LEWS installation, a study of the Xbee radio signal strength (RSSI) had been carried out. The study was conducted using 2 types of Xbee, namely Xbee Pro S2B 2.4 GHz and Xbee Pro S3B 900 MHz. The topology used is a pair/point to point topology, by measuring the RSSI value using XCTU software. Xbee Pro S3B 900 MHz module gets results with RSSI values ranging from -83 dBm to -72 dBm at end device location 1 and -89 dBm at end device location 2. While Xbee Pro S2B 2.4 GHz can only communicate from coordinator and end device locations 1 with an RSSI of -94 dBm. The test was carried out by elevating the Xbee antenna with several variations in height to get a better signal quality. The results obtained several recommendations for the minimum height of the Xbee antenna installed at each location of the end devices module. ABSTRAKSalah satu inovasi untuk menanggulangi longsor adalah dengan melakukan pemasangan Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS). Media transmisi data LEWS yang akan dikembangkan saat ini menggunakan Xbee berbasis protokol ZigBee. Komunikasi yang paling memungkinkan di area pegunungan adalah komunikasi tanpa kabel. Komunikasi radio dipilih karena bebas biaya pengiriman data dan protokol Zigbee memiliki data rate cukup tinggi hingga 250 Kbps. Lokasi pemasangan LEWS yaitu di daerah Cililin, Bandung Barat. Karakteristik lokasi tersebut bervegetasi rapat dengan berbagai tumbuhan besar berkayu dan jarak tanam yang tidak beraturan berkisar 1–3 meter. Sebelum dilakukan pemasangan LEWS, telah dilakukan kajian kekuatan sinyal radio Xbee (RSSI). Kajian dilakukan menggunakan 2 jenis Xbee yaitu Xbee Pro S2B 2,4 GHz dan Xbee Pro S3B 900 MHz. Topologi yang digunakan adalah topologi pair/point to point, dengan mengukur nilai RSSI menggunakan software XCTU. Modul Xbee Pro S3B 900 MHz mendapatkan hasil dengan nilai RSSI berkisar antara -83 dBm hingga -72 dBm di lokasi end device 1 dan -89 dBm di lokasi end device 2, sedangkan Xbee Pro S2B 2,4 GHz hanya dapat berkomunikasi dari lokasi coordinator dan end device 1 dengan RSSI -94 dBm. Pengujian dilakukan dengan merubah ketinggian antena Xbee dengan beberapa variasi ketinggian untuk mendapatkan kualitas sinyal yang lebih baik. Diperoleh beberapa rekomendasi tinggi minimal antena Xbee yang terpasang di tiap lokasi modul end devices.
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Tsuji, Junpei, Hidenori Kawamura, Keiji Suzuki, Takeshi Ikeda, Akio Sashima, and Koichi Kurumatani. "An Indoor Positioning System Based on Probabilistic Model with ZigBee Sensor Networks." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 14, no. 6 (2010): 669–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2010.p0669.
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In large indoor commercial spaces constructed recently, services are improved if indoor locations of visitors and employees can be detected. The indoor positioning using ZigBee network based on preobservation of RSSI at positioning areas we propose presents experiments on positioning a mobile ZigBee node on a laboratory floor, including multipath effect. Using our proposal, we determine mobile node location within an accuracy of 3.0 m.
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Li, Hong Yi, and Chuan Zhong Chen. "The Development of Underground Personnel Data Terminal Based on RSSI Location." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 2999–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2999.
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Based on the emerging ZigBee wireless RF communication technology, this paper presents the design of a miner information collection terminal. The entire system is designed around the CC2431 SoC hardware circuit, through ZigBee networking, to achieve the location of underground environment and miner vital signs data acquisition, so that it can provide effective help to quickly carry out rescue work.
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Kim, Tae-Yun, and Suk-Seung Hwang. "RFID System with Localization Function Based on Zigbee RSSI." Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences 11, no. 12 (2016): 1201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.13067/jkiecs.2016.11.12.1201.
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Yu, Xiu Zhen, Zhong Hu Yuan, Wen Wu Hua, and Oluleke Bamodu. "Automatically Adjusting the Transmission Power of ZigBee End-Devices Based on RSSI." Advanced Materials Research 803 (September 2013): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.803.423.
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This paper proposes a method that automatically adjusts the transmission power of ZigBee end-devices based on received signal strength indication (RSSI). Under normal communication condition, automatically adjusting the transmission power of ZigBee end-devices by constructing a negative feedback control system, and it uses the controller with relay characteristics, keep it in the smallest state of transmission power, which effectively reduces the energy consumption of the end-devices. Compared with the traditional methods of statically adjusting transmission power, experimental results show that the method proposed is more suitable for network with frequently status changes, making the stability and low-power performance of ZigBee network system significantly improved.
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Arkan, Fardhan. "SISTEM DETEKTOR KEBAKARAN UNTUK RUMAH SUSUN DENGAN SISTEM WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK." Jurnal Ecotipe (Electronic, Control, Telecommunication, Information, and Power Engineering) 1, no. 1 (2014): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ecotipe.v1i1.40.
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Kebakaran merupakan salah satu bencana yang seringkali menyebabkan besarnya jumlah kerugian material dan korban jiwa. Hal ini salah satunya disebabkan oleh kurangnya peralatan pendukung yang disediakan oleh rumah susun. Terdapat dua macam sistem perlindungan bangunan terhadap bencana kebakaran yakni sistem proteksi aktif dan pasif. Salah satu contoh sistem proteksi pasif adalah adanya sistem deteksi dini terhadap gejala kebakaran. Adanya sistem deteksi ini sangat penting karena dapat menghindari proses kebakaran yang lebih meluas baik bangunan rumah maupun harta benda.
 Perancangan sistem detektor kebakaran ini menggunakan teknologi Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Teknologi Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) yang digunakan dengan memanfaatkan jaringan nirkabel Zigbee yang diatur dalam standar IEEE 802.15.4 sebagai komunikasi datanya. Salah satu kelebihan pada jaringan Zigbee ini adalah selain bebas lisensi juga pada pengoperasiannya yang sangat mudah, bentuknya kecil dan membutuhkan daya yang sangat rendah. Posisi Pada penerapanya perangkat keras zigbee dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian yaitu: 1 perangkat Coordinator pada Master Station (MS) dan 2 perangkat End Device pada masing-masing titik unit (RTU). Sinyal RSSI pada zigbee dimanfaatkan untuk melihat besar kekuatan penerimaan sinyal pada Coordinator sebagai pengumpul data. Nilai RSSI (-dBm) menjadi semakin kecil pada variasi jarak maksimal, ini berarti kekuatan sinyal yang terjadi pada titik lompatan data semakin rendah. Komunikasi data berbasis Zigbee untuk detektor kebakaran sudah dapat dibangun dengan baik pada model join a network yaitu antara Coordinator – End Device pada jarak terjauh dalam ruangan (Indoor) 72,8 meter dengan kekuatan sinyal -73,67dBm.
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Xu, Kun, Da Wei Liu, Hong Li Liu, and Zhi Ru Gu. "Experimental Analysis of RSSI-Based Underground Tunnel Localization with Wireless Sensor Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 1756–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.1756.
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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a self-organizing network consisting of a large number of sensor nodes interacting with the physical world. Localization of sensor nodes is an essential issue in WSNs. RSSI-based localization can be implemented conveniently, in addition this technology is cost-efficient and power-efficient in practice. However, limited attention has been paid to underground tunnels environments. In this paper, we present an experimental study of RSSI-based localization in underground tunnels. The sensor nodes used are specially designed based on a 2.4GHz low power radio chipset CC2430 for ZigBee. Experimental results confirm the applicability of RSSI-based localization in underground tunnels.
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Dinev, D., and A. Haka. "RSSI study of wireless Internet of Things technologies." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2339, no. 1 (2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2339/1/012014.
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Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) idea now entails a dispersed collection of different sensor networks with several functions that collect data, which is then analysed and used in applications such as smart cities. These networks are capable of transmitting massive volumes of data in a relatively efficient, yet unsecure wireless environment. These applications will only succeed if is developed a dependable a low-cost real-time method for pinpointing accurate location. Power consumption is another consideration for indoor localisation. Recent wireless technologies like ZigBee, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Long Range (LoRa), use less resources, making them ideal for interior positioning. When IoT devices are utilised, these technologies are compared in terms of precision of localisation and power consumption. Tracking the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values can be used to locate mobile sensor nodes for low-power IoT networks. The RSSI values of sensor nodes in the BLE, ZigBee and LoRa networks for IoT were explore in this study.
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Ainul, Rafina Destiarti. "An enhanced trilateration algorithm for indoor RSSI based positioning system using zigbee protocol." JURNAL INFOTEL 14, no. 4 (2022): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v14i4.822.
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Location information of the object based on wireless communication will play crucial role in several Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications. Some applications need to know the exact position of the object. The advantages of Zigbee as the part of Radio Frequency (RF) technology such as low cost, high scalability, high availability, and supporting topology for Indoor positioning system (IPS). In this paper, we propose IPS using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) based Zigbee protocol. The proposed approach is based on the enhancement of Trilateration algorithm. Basically, the main concept of the conventional trilateration is using three strongest RSSI from references node. However, the instability from measured RSSI influenced to its estimation result. Therefore quadratic weighted is adding to this proposed scheme as the enhanced trilateration algorithm. The estimated distance output from conventional trilateration algorithm will be used for calculating the weighted value and multiplying to each the reference node which produced lower estimation error. The simulation result show that using enhanced trilateration algorithm has capability to improve accuracy of estimated position up to 90.55 % with mean square error (MSE) 2.03 meters compared with only using conventional trilateration reached high estimated error up to 4.31 meters.
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Liu, Yun Hong, and Tong Wei Niu. "Localization Algorithm for Three-Dimensional Space of Building Based on ZigBee Wireless Networks." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1546.
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ZigBee wireless networks can be used for locating the objects monitored inside the building, in which the location method based on RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) has a broad range of application. For the complex spatial environment of the building, a three-dimensional localization algorithm will be proposed in this paper which can achieve high accuracy of location, meanwhile mitigate the impact of the RSSI error on the location results efficiently. This method is applicable to the NLOS environment in condition of multi-barrier.
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Jia, Hui Qin, Sheng Zhe Wang, and Xiao Ping Zhao. "Research on the Mining Personnel Orientation Method Based on the Zigbee and GIS." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 1263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.1263.
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This paper presents a method to locate the personnel in the coal mine. ZigBee wireless transmission mode is used to transfer the person location information to the groud.location hardware system includes three components, first one is ZigBee terminal mobile node, which is installed on the body of miners, the left is ZigBee router and ZigBee coordinator, which can obtain the wireless power in the miners place, combined with the RSSI ranging algorithm, can obtain the miner location. The software is used to store the information about the historical location information and others, display the miner location on the underground using the GIS technology. The field application result shows the miner location accuracy of this system is about 3 meters, which is helpful for miner management and accident processing.
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Dong, Zhou Yang, Wei Ming Xu, and Hao Zhuang. "Research on ZigBee Indoor Technology Positioning Based on RSSI." Procedia Computer Science 154 (2019): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.06.060.
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Nadia Ahmed, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, Ammar Hussein Mutlag, and M. G. M. Abdolrasol. "Children Tracking System Based on ZigBee Wireless Network and Neural Network." Journal of Techniques 5, no. 1 (2023): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v5i1.838.
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The safety of children is one of the fundamental concerns of parents. Recently, child kidnapping has increased by a large percentage, some children have been found, and some children have not found yet. This paper proposes an indoor localization system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) and Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network (BP-ANN) to locate the child in an indoor environment. Several ANN topologies were investigated to select the best one with minimum tracking or localization error. The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) was collected from four ZigBee XBee S2C anchor nodes by the mobile node carried by the child in an indoor area of 32m × 32m. The RSSI was collected from 127 test points inside the tested area. The measured RSSI was used to train, test, and validate the performance of BP-ANN to determine the two dimensions (2D) of the target child’s location. Different topologies of ANN have been examined for training, testing, and validation which are 5-5, 10-10, 15-15, and 20-20 neurons in the hidden layer. The findings indicate that the 20-20 ANN topology can achieve higher accuracy than other topologies. Additionally, 20-20 topology localization errors were 1.0, 1.157, and 1.356 m for training, testing, and validating ANN performance.
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Cao, Meng Long, and Chong Xin Yang. "A Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Based on the Weighted Correction in Geometric Measurement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 740 (March 2015): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.740.823.
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Firstly, the characteristics of regular Zigbee localization algorithms-the received signal strength indicator algorithm (RSSI) and the weighted centroid localization algorithm are introduced. Then, the factors of the errors existing in the aforementioned algorithms are analyzed. Based on these above, the improved RSSI algorithm-correction geometric measurement based on weighted is proposed. Finally, utilizing this algorithm to design and implement the localization nodes, which have the CC2431 wireless microcontroller on them. The simulation and experimental results show that the accuracy of this localization algorithm improved about 2%, comparing with the regular algorithms.
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Kurnianto, Danny, Eka Wahyudi, and Muntaqo Alfin Amanaf. "Kinerja Jaringan ZigBee pada Topologi Star dan Tree dengan Interferensi Sinyal Wi-Fi Pada Sistem Presensi Mahasiswa." Jurnal Fokus Elektroda : Energi Listrik, Telekomunikasi, Komputer, Elektronika dan Kendali) 6, no. 1 (2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jfe.v6i1.15879.
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Sistem presensi mahasiswa memiliki arti yang penting bagi sebuah perguruan tinggi. Pemakaian jaringan wireline untuk sistem presensi mahasiswa memiliki kelemahan yang bisa diatasi dengan menggunakan jaringan wireless. ZigBee adalah salah satu standar komunikasi wireless yang dapat digunakan pada sistem presensi tersebut. Adanya jaringan Wi-Fi dapat menyebabkan gangguan kinerja pada jaringan ZigBee akibat interferensi sinyal. Pada penelitian ini akan dibahas unjuk kerja jaringan ZigBee dengan topologi star dan tree yang berjalan di dalam lingkungan yang memiliki jaringan Wi-Fi. Parameter kinerja yang diamati adalah nilai daya sinyal RSSI, throughput, packet loss dan waktu delay. Besarnya data yang dikirimkan dari end device ke coordinator sebesar 15 Byte dan 20 Byte. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada topologi star memiliki unjuk kerja yang lebih baik untuk nilai daya sinyal RSSI, throughput dan waktu delay. Topologi tree memiliki unjuk kerja yang lebih baik hanya pada nilai packet loss. Rerata nilai daya sinyal sebesar -69,19 dBm, rerata nilai throughput sebesar 10,22 kbps untuk data 15 byte dan 14,28 kbps untuk data 20 byte, rerata nilai waktu delay sebesar 28,9 ms untuk data 15 byte dan 38,6 ms untuk data 20 byte. Nilai packet loss sebesar 27% untuk data 15 byte dan 43% untuk data 20 byte.
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Dwikiarta, I. Made Sastra, I. Putu Yudi Prabhadika, and Ida Ayu Rosa Dewinta. "Quality of Service (QoS) Prototype Smart Bulding Protocol Zigbee 802.15.4 Xbee Series 1 berbasis Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel." DIKE : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin 2, no. 2 (2024): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.69688/dike.v2i2.101.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat prototipe smart building berbasis jaringan sensor nirkabel sebagai infrastruktur Internet of Things. Selain dilakukan pengecekan ketersediaan informasi berupa data dari beberapa sensor, kualitas layanan QoS (packet loss, delay dan latency) juga dilakukan pengecekan. Parameter tersebut diuji dengan memvariasikan jarak antara perangkat Zigbee IEEE 802.15.4 yang bertindak sebagai pengirim dan perangkat Zigbee IEEE 802. 15.4 yang bertindak sebagai penerima. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah jangkauan pengoperasian maksimum di luar ruangan adalah 19 meter dengan rata-rata RSSI antara -43,8 hingga -73,6 dBm. Latensi yang dihasilkan bervariasi dari 2 detik hingga 6,6 detik. Kehilangan paket dicapai sebagai hilangnya 0 hingga 55 data pada rata-rata pengiriman 120 data. Semua parameter yang diuji bergantung pada jarak antara perangkat Zigbee pemancar dan penerima.
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Setiabudi, Dodi, Daris Irfan Atmaja, Dedy Wahyu Herdiyanto, and Gamma Aditya Rahardi. "RSSI Measurement Analysis of Zigbee-Based Wireless Sensor Networks in Various Topologies for Solar Panel Monitoring." Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro 22, no. 2 (2024): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mite.2023.v22i02.p14.
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Abstract— Solar panels require performance monitoring when energy shortages occur in the area. Monitoring solar panels requires a detection device to detect solar panels, including the ACS712 current sensor for monitoring the output current of the solar panel, a DC voltage sensor for monitoring battery performance, and a DHT11 temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the solar panel storage battery. The WSN technology that can work is ZigBee communication. This ZigBee communication research uses various topology methods, including star, tree, and mesh topologies. Solar panel monitoring tests are carried out indoors and outdoors. The ZigBee communication device used is the XBee S2C device, which operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. From a comparison of various topologies, the mesh topology is a topology with good performance because it has the characteristic of choosing a router with the fastest path to reach the coordinator. It is proven by monitoring solar panels with an optimal distance of 80 m, which is carried out from outdoors with an RSSI value of -84 dBm, a throughput of 0.55 kbps, and a delay of 2.77 ms, producing power for 150 minutes with an average current of 0.14 A, voltage of 9.86 V, and temperature of 31.48°C. The number of disturbances and weather conditions greatly affect signal propagation, which can hamper the data transmission process. Throughput fluctuates due to uncertain weather conditions, and delay fluctuates due to a lot of interference from other radio signals.
 Keyworrds— Wireless Sensor Nirbael (WSN), RSSI, ZigBee, Panel Surya, Thinger.IO
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Ohara, Kenichi, Yuji Abe, Tomohito Takubo, Yasushi Mae, Tamio Tanikawa, and Tatsuo Arai. "Range Estimation Technique Using Received Signal Strength Indication on Low Frequency Waves." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 23, no. 4 (2011): 466–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2011.p0466.
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Recently, with the downsizing of computers and the development of wireless communication advances, sensor networks are being widely studied. However, it is necessary to know the location of each node, in order to apply sensor data. Many researchers have tried to find a good approach to position estimation in indoor environment. In our study, we focus on position estimation by using Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI). It has the advantage of implementation with limited resources in the sensor network. However, since RSSI value is affected by multipath and obstacles, position estimation may yield considerable errors. In our research, we propose a range estimation technique with RSSI on Low Frequency (LF) waves. Since RSSI value on LF waves is less affected by multipath and obstacles compared with RSSI on Ultra High Frequency (UHF) waves used for a communication, position estimation with high accuracy can be calculated using this method. We show an RSSI measurement sensor which measures the RSSI on LF waves and a transmitter which sends radio waves on the 125 kHz band. Results of experiments using our developed modules and a ZigBee module demonstrated the robustness of RSSI on LF waves against multipath and obstacles compared with UHF waves. In this paper, a range estimation experiment was performed by applying the proposed modules and range estimation accuracy was evaluated through experiments.
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Wang, Chen Guang, and Jian Ming Cui. "Research of Mine Personnel Positioning System Based on ZigBee." Applied Mechanics and Materials 340 (July 2013): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.340.647.
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Aiming to improve current miner location system in underground mine, we design a Zigbee wireless network to locate miner and transmit location information.This system using wireless location engine CC2431 chip and RSSI location algorithm can collect mine gas information and analyse data, which has a good reliable and real-time characteristics. Accurate information would be provided to rescue team timely.
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Zhu, Xia, Yu Lin Zhang, and Yong Bin Ke. "The Design of the Clusters Real-Time Positioning System Based on RSSI." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 1319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.1319.
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With the rapid development of wireless communication and wireless sensor network, there are a large number of application requirements of indoor positioning service, so it is very significant to the study of indoor positioning technology. The paper studied the indoor real-time location technology of ZigBee and designed the real-time positioning system, which included gateway, reference node, and blind node, monitoring software of computer and RSSI location algorithm. STM32 was used to control the gateway, which was integrated with ZigBee module and WiFi module. Reference node and blind node were communicated through CC2530.Monitoring system calculated the blind nodes’ coordinate based on the improved three edge location algorithm. Using computer simulate it, the results show that this method has low consumption, the characteristics of high precision, and has certain practical value.
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Santoso, Budy. "PENGARUH KEBERADAAN OBJEK MANUSIA TERHADAP STABILITAS RECEIVED SIGNAL STRENGTH INDICATOR (RSSI) PADA BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY 4.0 (BLE)." Telematika 13, no. 1 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/telematika.v13i1.1715.
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There are many systems with diverse technologies such as GPS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Ultra Wide Band, Ultrasound, Infrared can be used for location-based services. Of these technologies can be developed several applications for positioning purposes such as monitoring patients in hospitals or elderly people who are undergoing treatment at home. This paper proposes a simple method to estimate the presence of the object / user in a fixed area using parameter Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) on Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy (BLE). To determine the performance of the RSSI, conducted two experiments in a room scenario dimensions 3 x 2.80 x 2.5 m (present and not present). Two experiments were conducted to test the performance of the RSSI signal. The first experiments with conditions not present showed a good performance. However, in the second experiment (present) with the status of various objects that are in the same room, resulting in poor performance of RSSI, where there is a shift in the RSSI value at the first measurement was obtained average RSSI -73 dBm with a range distance of 2 m, the second measurement obtained an average RSSI value of -85 dBm at a distance of 3 m range. With these results it can be concluded that the human presence in the area of research is very influential on the performance positioning signal strength (RSSI) and the significant impact that the shift distance of up to 1 m.
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Yu, Zong-zuo, and Gai-zhi Guo. "Improvement of Positioning Technology Based on RSSI in ZigBee Networks." Wireless Personal Communications 95, no. 3 (2016): 1943–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3860-1.
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Lin, Peng, Jun Feng Guan, and Qing Bin Li. "A Real-Time ZigBee-Based Location System in Xiluodu Arch Dam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1329.
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This study main focuses on a real-time Zigbee-based localization system to provide prompt support for safety management in dam construction sites. The system accounts for a wireless sensor tracking technology and a set of servers running software for handling collected data, real-time site state visualization and remote interaction communications with other system such as ERP, CRM. The low-level tracking technology is a ZigBee-based network hardware utilizing fingerprinting software technology. The proposed real-time monitoring system for employer has been successfully implemented in Xiluodu arch dam construction site. The field tests also show that the RSSI-based localization algorithm implemented by ZigBee devices is reliable and is accurate (3 to 5 meters) enough. This real-time monitoring system was proven to be very useful for field safety management of high arch dam, and in similar hydraulic projects.
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Vara, Nahuel, German A. Poletto, Manuel Cáceres, and Arturo J. Busso. "Cálculo de distancia entre los nodos de una Red Inalámbrica Zigbee en función del parámetro RSSI." Extensionismo, Innovación y Transferencia Tecnológica 2 (June 21, 2015): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/eitt.20275.
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Como respuesta al avance de la radiodifusión de bajo consumo, surge el protocolo Zigbee que permite la implementación de redes inalámbricas de microcontroladores, con topologías avanzadas y el acceso a parámetros involucrados en la comunicación, lo que permite la creación de las llamadas redes inteligentes. De los parámetros de potencia involucrados en la comunicación se plantea la posibilidad de establecer la ubicación de los nodos de una red a partir de la triangulación, para lo cual es necesario inicialmente estimar la distancia entre ellos. Para este fin, se implementó una red Zigbee punto a punto con dos dispositivos Xbee Serie 2 PRO con el objetivo de verificar la posibilidad de estimar la distancia entre ambos a partir del parámetro RSSI que es un indicador de la potencia percibida en la antena del dispositivo. Para ello se utilizan fórmulas empíricas ampliamente probadas en otras tecnologías inalámbricas como WiFi y Bluetooth. De las muestras de RSSI obtenidas, se puede verificar que es posible estimar la distancia a partir de la potencia promedio con un error que disminuye a medida que los nodos se alejan, lo que permite obtener el orden de magnitud de la separación entre ambos
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Wu, Han, Shizhen Qu, Dongdong Xu, and Chunlin Chen. "Precise Localization and Formation Control of Swarm Robots via Wireless Sensor Networks." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/942306.
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Precise localization and formation control are one of the key technologies to achieve coordination and control of swarm robots, which is also currently a bottleneck for practical applications of swarm robotic systems. Aiming at overcoming the limited individual perception and the difficulty of achieving precise localization and formation, a localization approach combining dead reckoning (DR) with wireless sensor network- (WSN-) based methods is proposed in this paper. Two kinds of WSN localization technologies are adopted in this paper, that is, ZigBee-based RSSI (received signal strength indication) global localization and electronic tag floors for calibration of local positioning. First, the DR localization information is combined with the ZigBee-based RSSI position information using the Kalman filter method to achieve precise global localization and maintain the robot formation. Then the electronic tag floors provide the robots with their precise coordinates in some local areas and enable the robot swarm to calibrate its formation by reducing the accumulated position errors. Hence, the overall performance of localization and formation control of the swarm robotic system is improved. Both of the simulation results and the experimental results on a real schematic system are given to demonstrate the success of the proposed approach.
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Bashar Fakhri, Ahmed, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, and Saleem Latteef Mohammed. "Path-loss modelling for WSN deployment in indoor and outdoor environments for medical applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3 (2018): 1666. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.15409.
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their applications have received significantly interested in the last few years. In WSN, knowing an accurate path-loss model as well as packet delivery should be taken into account for the successful distribution of several nodes in the net-work. This paper presents a path-loss modeling and performance evaluation of the ZigBee wireless standard. Received signal strength indi-cator (RSSI) measurements were achieved in outdoor and indoor environments to derive the path-loss based on Log-Normal Shadowing Model (LNSM). The path-loss parameters such as standard deviation and path loss exponents were estimated over point-to-point ZigBee WSN. In addition, the variances of received RSSI values and standard deviation for these values have been investigated. Furthermore, the data packets received is measured practically. Results revealed that the LNSM can be estimated to reflect the channel losses in both outdoor and indoor environments for medical application. The data delivery was achieved successfully of 100% in outdoor which better than indoor due to multipath propagation and shadowing. Moreover, the data packets delivery of the current work outperformed previous work.
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Fibriani, Ike, and Widjonarko Widjonarko. "SISTEM MONITORING DAN KONTROL TANAMAN KOPI UNTUK SMART GREENHOUSE MENGGUNAKAN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS." INAJEEE Indonesian Journal of Electrical and Eletronics Engineering 3, no. 1 (2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/inajeee.v3n1.p10-14.
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Wireless yang telah ada dan banyak digunakan. Seperti salah satu contoh yaitu Wireless Sensor Network. Keunggulan dari penggunakan teknologi WSN yaitu data yang diperoleh dapat terkirim secara cepat dan efisien, serta informasi dapat terpantau secara langsung atau real time. ZigBee digunakan sebagai protokol untuk sistem Wireless Sensor Network ini, dimana penerapan ini digunakan sebagai Smart Greenhouse. Menggunakan 2 buah node yang dipasangkan 3 buah sensor, yaitu sensor DHT 11,YL-69 dan LDR dan 1 buah coordinator yang bertugas sebagai penerima data sensor dari kedua node dan melakukan upload pada web. Pada penelitian ini parameter yang digunakan yaitu RSSI dan daya sinyal. Pengujian RSSI dan daya menggunakan kondisi LOS dengan jarak 100 meter sampai 1000 meter dan NLOS dengan jarak 10 meter sampai 100 meter. Hasil dari pengujian RSSI pada kondisi NLOS didapatkan nilai tertinggi sebesar -56 dBm pada node 1 pada jarak 10 meter dan pada node 2 nilai tertinggi yaitu sebesar -57 dBm pada jarak 10 meter. Hasil dari pengujian packet loss pada kondisi NLOS node 1 dan node 2 didapatkan hasil yaitu 0%. hasil pengujian pada kedua kondisi dan jarak yang berbeda, secara garis hasilnya sama. pada kondisi jarak yang semakin jauh, nilai RSSI semakin kecil.
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Li, Yijie. "Positioning and Ranging Process of RSSI Algorithm Based on ZigBee Technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1846, no. 1 (2021): 012082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1846/1/012082.
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Ling, Wei Xin, Jing Min Gao, and Chun Yun Li. "Research on the Least Squares Method in Error Compensation on RSSI Ranging." Advanced Materials Research 340 (September 2011): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.121.
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This paper describes error compensation using least square method in wireless communications networks. The received data use the Gaussian filter to avoid interference，then use least square to compensate the error. ZigBee sensor network is constructed to verify the proposed algorithm. The experiment has been taken to test the accuracy after error compensation. The result shows the method is available for improving accuracy.
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Mao, Jiang Kun, and Fan Zhan. "Study on Personnel Positioning System of Ship Based on Zigbee Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.992.
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In order to pinpoint the location of the crew, master the number, location and distribution of personnel and activity track of time period, designed personnel positioning system of the ship based on zigbee technical by the gateway node, reference node, locate nodes, and designed personnel positioning system software in the IAR development environment. RSSI location algorithm has been improved, and the improved positioning algorithm using Matlab simulation to test, the test results show that the improved algorithm has higher positioning accuracy.
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Stojšin, Dražen. "ODREĐIVANJE PARAMETARA ANTENE I PRILAGOĐENJE PREOSTALOM DELU KOLA." Zbornik radova Fakulteta tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu 39, no. 09 (2024): 1206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/28be18stojsin.
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U ovom radu je prikazano merenje karakteristika antene i određivanje njenih parametara da bi se obezbedilo prilagođenje sa balun kolom i preostalim delom kola. Kao primer, posmatran je uređaj sa ZigBee primopredajnikom, koji radi na frekvenciji od 2,45 GHz. Parametri antene su izmereni pomoću pomoću vektorskog analizatora mreže (VNA), a zatim podešeni korišćenjem balun kola. Elementi balun kola su određeni korišćenjem simulacionog programa SimSmith. Nakon usklađivanja balun kola razmotreni su rezultati merenja indikatora snage primljenog signala (RSSI).
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Aimajo, V.J., K. Ogbeide, and T.A. Aika. "Optimal Placement of Wireless Sensor Node for Real Time Fault Monitoring of Secondary Distribution Power Network." Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 8, no. 2 (2023): 480–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10442132.
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<em>This work investigated the optimal placement of wireless sensor nodes for real time fault monitoring of distribution network using Okpanam power network as case study. Implementation was carried out in stages; Mesh topology technique was adopted for the design. The number of wireless sensor network nodes required for deployment between the substations and the control room was determined by simple mathematical tool. Coverage model was developed for node placement. Receive signal strength indicator (RSSI) technique was used to determine the communication range of the ZiGBee module. Result from these experiments was used to determine total number of ZiGBee modules that was needed to cover the dimension of the area under consideration. Genetic algorithm in MATLAB simulator R2015A environment was used to carryout optimization of the network. Result obtained was implemented in network simulator 3 (NS3) environment to show coverage of the ZiGBee networks. Throughput metric was used to check the performance of the network. Findings from the research revealed the following: communication range of ZiGBee node within the area under consideration was 23 m, 784 nodes were required to monitor the dimension of the area under consideration. After optimization, the number reduced to 295. Result from NS3 revealed good throughput with minimal end-to-end delay</em><em>.</em>
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Dash, Biswajit Kumar, and Jun Peng. "Zigbee Wireless Sensor Networks: Performance Study in an Apartment-Based Indoor Environment." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2022 (August 5, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2144702.
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Zigbee is a very popular technology for Internet of things (IoT) networks mainly because of its low power consumption and low-cost features. It shares the unlicensed 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio band with other wireless networks such as Wi-Fi. Usually, Zigbee and Wi-Fi networks coexist in indoor environments for their respective applications. Hence, the coexistence introduces interference for both types of networks lowering the performance of the networks, but Zigbee suffers more significant performance losses because of its lower transmission power than Wi-Fi. Since the number of IoT devices is increasing at an unprecedented rate due to numerous emerging applications and thus making the indoor environments very populous, the peaceful coexistence between Zigbee and Wi-Fi networks in proximity becomes an important research study. For this purpose, this paper presents a comprehensive performance study of a Zigbee network in the presence of a Wi-Fi interference network in a real-life apartment-based indoor environment where Wi-Fi access points of dense neighbors exist. The experiments were done in a XBee module-based Zigbee network for measuring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), packet drop rate (PDR), and loopback throughput with and without nearby Wi-Fi traffic introduced on purpose. Various networking parameters such as the operating channels, the distances between Zigbee devices and Wi-Fi devices, the transmit timeout of Zigbee packets, and the transmission power of the Zigbee transmitter have been used in the experiments to study the network performance. Our results show that in the deployment of IoT networks in a smart home, radio interference from neighboring homes would not be an important factor, but serious considerations may need to be taken inside the same home. The experimental observations of this paper can serve as a good reference study for Zigbee network deployments in real indoor environments, particularly when interference sources are present in proximity.
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Fahama, Hassoon Salman, Karim Ansari-Asl, Yousef Seifi Kavian, and Mehdi Naderi Soorki. "An Experimental Comparison of RSSI-Based Indoor Localization Techniques Using ZigBee Technology." IEEE Access 11 (2023): 87985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3305396.
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Kaundal, Vivek, Paawan Sharma, and Manish Prateek. "Wireless Sensor Node Localization based on LNSM and Hybrid TLBO- Unilateral technique for Outdoor Location." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 63, no. 4 (2017): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eletel-2017-0054.
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Abstract The paper aims at localization of the anchor node (fixed node) by pursuit nodes (movable node) in outdoor location. Two methods are studied for node localization. The first method is based on LNSM (Log Normal Shadowing Model) technique to localize the anchor node and the second method is based on Hybrid TLBO (Teacher Learning Based Optimization Algorithm)- Unilateral technique. In the first approach the ZigBee protocol has been used to localize the node, which uses RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) values in dBm. LNSM technique is implemented in the self-designed hardware node and localization is studied for Outdoor location. The statistical analysis using RMSE (root mean square error) for outdoor location is done and distance error found to be 35 mtrs. The same outdoor location has been used and statistical analysis is done for localization of nodes using Hybrid TLBO-Unilateral technique. The Hybrid- TLBO Unilateral technique significantly localizes anchor node with distance error of 0.7 mtrs. The RSSI values obtained are normally distributed and standard deviation in RSSI value is observed as 1.01 for outdoor location. The node becomes 100% discoverable after using hybrid TLBO- Unilateral technique.
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TAMER, Özgür. "Relative Localization of Wireless Sensor Nodes by Using the RSSI and ToA based distance estimations." Deu Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik 25, no. 75 (2023): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21205/deufmd.2023257511.
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Wireless sensor network is a popular area for both academic research and commercial applications. A wireless sensor network is made up of several sensor nodes connected over various wireless infrastructures such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, or WiMAX. Determining the relative or absolute position of the sensor nodes is essential information for many applications. In this work, we present a novel method for estimating the position of sensor nodes using the Received Signal Strength Indicator and Time of Arrival metrics of the preferred wireless communication infrastructure. Localization results based on both of the metrics and comparison of them with respect to distance between the nodes are presented, and a novel combined method using both the RSSI and ToA based distance estimations is presented. The proposed method estimates the position of the WSN using both methods, but the result of a single method is preferred depending on the distance between the nodes since within the first 5 m. The RSSI based method is superior to ToA and for farther distances ToA outperforms RSSI. The measurement results show that the combined method reduces the estimation error and performs better than both methods it is based on.
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Jiang, Wei, and Feng Yang. "Positioning Algorithm of Underground Personnel Based on ZigBee Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 532 (February 2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.532.121.
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In recent years, people pay more and more attention to coal production safety. In order to enhance the security of underground work, optimize the coal mine management, and improve the personnel location accuracy, a newly arisen technique based on ZigBee with the low power, low cost and low complexity, which is suitable for being used to implement personnel position in underground coal mine, is built after comparing with several kinds of major wireless technology. In this paper, we present a new algorithm of underground personnel position based on this new technology. The algorithm uses Gaussian filtering algorithm and Bayesian statistics theory. The algorithm has been tested and the result has been analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides more accurate position than positioning algorithm using RSSI.
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Rahmadya, Budi, and Rika Ampuh Hadiguna. "Pengaruh Non-Automatic Repeat Request (Arq) Mode Terhadap Packet Error Rate Pada Drone-Based Wireless Sensor Network." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 12, no. 3 (2025): 681–86. https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.20259373.
Full textAbstract:
Penelitian ini membahas tentang performa dari 2.4 GHz Zigbee wireless antenna untuk aplikasi wide-area wireless sensor network. Transmitter antenna di install pada drone sebagai media mobile wireless sensor network dan receiver antenna berada di lokasi tertentu pada lingkungan luar ruangan. Setingan alat untuk transmitter antenna dan receiver antenna yaitu non-Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) mode sehingga data yang di terima oleh receiver dalam experimen ini nanti bisa menjadi perbandingan dengan hasil perhitungan teoritis menggunakan Matlab. Non-ARQ menjadi alternative untuk mengurangi konsumsi energi pada jaringan wireless sensor network. Dalam experimen ini dilakukan model point-to-point communication. Dari hasil experimen diperoleh jarak 0m-100m nilai dari Packet Error Rate (PER) untuk masing-masing ketinggian drone meningkat mencapai 17-18%. Lebih lanjut pada jarak 100m-150m nilai PER mengalami penurunan yaitu 15-16% untuk tiga ketinggian drone yang berbeda. Mulai dari jarak 150m-250m nilai PER mengalami kenaikan yang siginifikan, hingga mencapai PER 70% untuk ketinggian drone 30m, PER 80% untuk ketinggian drone 45m dan PER 88% untuk ketinggian drone 15m. Pada jarak 250m-350m nilai PER terlihat masih konstan untuk ketinggian drone 45m dan ketinggian 30m yaitu mencapai nilai PER 78% pada jarak 350m, sedangkan untuk ketinggian drone 15m menunjukan nilai PER naik hingga mencapai 98% pada jarak 350m. Hasil simulasi dengan Matlab menunjukan Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) terhadap jarak transmitter antenna dengan receiver antenna untuk ketinggian transmitter antenna 15m dan receiver antenna 1.5m. nilai RSSI terus meningkat -66 dBm pada jarak 20m dan ini adalah nilai RSSI terbaik. Lebih lanjut untuk ketinggian transmitter antenna 30m dan receiver antenna 1.5m. Nilai RSSI terus meningkat -73 dBm pada jarak 45m dan ini adalah nilai RSSI terbaik. Pada jarak 3m nilai RSSI terus meningkat -76 dBm pada jarak 62m dan ini adalah nilai RSSI terbaik. Abstract This research discusses the performance of the 2.4 GHz Zigbee wireless antenna for wide-area wireless sensor network applications. The transmitter antenna is installed on the drone as a mobile wireless sensor network medium and the receiver antenna is located in a certain location in the outdoor environment. The device settings for the transmitter antenna and receiver antenna are non-Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) mode so that the data received by the receiver in this experiment can later be compared with the results of theoretical calculations using Matlab. Non-ARQ is an alternative to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. In this experiment, a point-to-point communication model was carried out. From the experimental results, it was found that at a distance of 0m-100m, the Packet Error Rate (PER) value for each drone height increased by 17-18%. Furthermore, at a distance of 100m-150m, the PER value experienced a slight decrease, namely 15-16% for three different drone heights. Starting from a distance of 150m-250m, the PER value experiences a significant increase, reaching a PER of 70% for a drone height of 30m, a PER of 80% for a drone height of 45m and a PER of 88% for a drone height of 15m. At a distance of 250m-350m, the PER value appears to remain constant for a drone height of 45m and a height of 30m, namely reaching a PER value of 78% at a distance of 350m, while for a drone height of 15m, the PER value increases to reach 98% at a distance of 350m. The simulation results with Matlab show Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) to the distance between the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna for a transmitter antenna height of 15m and receiver antenna height of 1.5m. The RSSI value continues to increase -66 dBm at a distance of 20m and this is the best RSSI value. Furthermore, the height of the transmitter antenna is 30m and the receiver antenna is 1.5m. The RSSI value continues to increase -73 dBm at a distance of 45m and this is the best RSSI value. At a distance of 3m the RSSI value continues to increase -76 dBm at a distance of 62m and this is the best RSSI value.
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Rahmadya, Budi, and Rika Ampuh Hadiguna. "Pengaruh Non-Automatic Repeat Request (Arq) Mode Terhadap Packet Error Rate Pada Drone-Based Wireless Sensor Network." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 12, no. 3 (2025): 681–86. https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2025129373.
Full textAbstract:
Penelitian ini membahas tentang performa dari 2.4 GHz Zigbee wireless antenna untuk aplikasi wide-area wireless sensor network. Transmitter antenna di install pada drone sebagai media mobile wireless sensor network dan receiver antenna berada di lokasi tertentu pada lingkungan luar ruangan. Setingan alat untuk transmitter antenna dan receiver antenna yaitu non-Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) mode sehingga data yang di terima oleh receiver dalam experimen ini nanti bisa menjadi perbandingan dengan hasil perhitungan teoritis menggunakan Matlab. Non-ARQ menjadi alternative untuk mengurangi konsumsi energi pada jaringan wireless sensor network. Dalam experimen ini dilakukan model point-to-point communication. Dari hasil experimen diperoleh jarak 0m-100m nilai dari Packet Error Rate (PER) untuk masing-masing ketinggian drone meningkat mencapai 17-18%. Lebih lanjut pada jarak 100m-150m nilai PER mengalami penurunan yaitu 15-16% untuk tiga ketinggian drone yang berbeda. Mulai dari jarak 150m-250m nilai PER mengalami kenaikan yang siginifikan, hingga mencapai PER 70% untuk ketinggian drone 30m, PER 80% untuk ketinggian drone 45m dan PER 88% untuk ketinggian drone 15m. Pada jarak 250m-350m nilai PER terlihat masih konstan untuk ketinggian drone 45m dan ketinggian 30m yaitu mencapai nilai PER 78% pada jarak 350m, sedangkan untuk ketinggian drone 15m menunjukan nilai PER naik hingga mencapai 98% pada jarak 350m. Hasil simulasi dengan Matlab menunjukan Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) terhadap jarak transmitter antenna dengan receiver antenna untuk ketinggian transmitter antenna 15m dan receiver antenna 1.5m. nilai RSSI terus meningkat -66 dBm pada jarak 20m dan ini adalah nilai RSSI terbaik. Lebih lanjut untuk ketinggian transmitter antenna 30m dan receiver antenna 1.5m. Nilai RSSI terus meningkat -73 dBm pada jarak 45m dan ini adalah nilai RSSI terbaik. Pada jarak 3m nilai RSSI terus meningkat -76 dBm pada jarak 62m dan ini adalah nilai RSSI terbaik. Abstract This research discusses the performance of the 2.4 GHz Zigbee wireless antenna for wide-area wireless sensor network applications. The transmitter antenna is installed on the drone as a mobile wireless sensor network medium and the receiver antenna is located in a certain location in the outdoor environment. The device settings for the transmitter antenna and receiver antenna are non-Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) mode so that the data received by the receiver in this experiment can later be compared with the results of theoretical calculations using Matlab. Non-ARQ is an alternative to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. In this experiment, a point-to-point communication model was carried out. From the experimental results, it was found that at a distance of 0m-100m, the Packet Error Rate (PER) value for each drone height increased by 17-18%. Furthermore, at a distance of 100m-150m, the PER value experienced a slight decrease, namely 15-16% for three different drone heights. Starting from a distance of 150m-250m, the PER value experiences a significant increase, reaching a PER of 70% for a drone height of 30m, a PER of 80% for a drone height of 45m and a PER of 88% for a drone height of 15m. At a distance of 250m-350m, the PER value appears to remain constant for a drone height of 45m and a height of 30m, namely reaching a PER value of 78% at a distance of 350m, while for a drone height of 15m, the PER value increases to reach 98% at a distance of 350m. The simulation results with Matlab show Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) to the distance between the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna for a transmitter antenna height of 15m and receiver antenna height of 1.5m. The RSSI value continues to increase -66 dBm at a distance of 20m and this is the best RSSI value. Furthermore, the height of the transmitter antenna is 30m and the receiver antenna is 1.5m. The RSSI value continues to increase -73 dBm at a distance of 45m and this is the best RSSI value. At a distance of 3m the RSSI value continues to increase -76 dBm at a distance of 62m and this is the best RSSI value.
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Wu, Si Long, Xiao Na Xu, and En Cheng. "Design and Implement of the Out-of-Position Alarm System Based on CC2430." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.377.
Full textAbstract:
The paper put forward a detail design of the out-of-position alarm system based on ZigBee technology and communication chip CC2430 to protect valuables from leaving safe position. It introduced the hardware and software design of the system, implemented short-range wireless communication, established the functional relationship between received signal strength indication (RSSI) and wireless communication distance, solved the problem of multipath fading by software method. Then it presented a series of experiments to prove the system can steadily communicate information to meet security requirement.