Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rubber goods Rubber

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Rubber goods Rubber'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Rubber goods Rubber"

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Kaewsakul, Wisut, Nutsara Jandam, Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee, Sitisaiyidah Saiwari, and Anoma Thitithammawong. "High Modulus Rubber Vulcanizates from Natural Rubber/EVA Blends Filled with Reinforcing Fillers." Advanced Materials Research 1134 (December 2015): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.171.

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The desired properties of rubber goods significantly depend on three key factors: 1) rubber formulations; 2) processing methods; and 3) design of products. High modulus rubber vulcanizates can hardly be achieved with a balance of the overall properties, because the rubbers or elastomers are soft and flexible material. In this research work, we aimed to formulate the natural rubber (NR) compounds for the specified high modulus rubber articles to be comparable with a slatted wood. Four important effects were taken into consideration, i.e. filler contents, amounts of process oil, blend ratios, and silane coupling agent contents. Based on the results in this study, the best possible combination to produce high modulus rubber vulcanizates was 80/20 NR/EVA blend reinforced by 60/60 silica/carbon black. The processing of compound can be aided by an addition of the process oil at 14.3 wt% relative to the filler contents and the silane coupling agent at 9.0 wt% relative to the silica amounts. The obtained rubber compound/vulcanizate showed easy processability, acceptable mechanical properties, and in particular hardness of 93 Shore A, while the slatted wood has 95 Shore A.
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Ushmarin, N. F., N. G. Vasil'yeva, and N. I. Kol'tsov. "Using Waste Rubber to Produce Secondary Moulded Mechanical Rubber Goods." International Polymer Science and Technology 36, no. 7 (2009): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0903600710.

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IGAKI, Masanori. "Housing Materials and Rubber Goods." NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI 78, no. 10 (2005): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2324/gomu.78.393.

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Kamal, Mazlina Mustafa. "Enhancement of Heat Ageing Properties of Epoxidised Natural Rubber Blend." Solid State Phenomena 317 (May 2021): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.317.300.

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In recent years, automotive hose and belt specifications have changed, requiring longer product life in terms of swelling, wear and heat ageing. Diene-based rubbers, such as natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), have been widely used in diverse industries. However, some apparent defects such as limited ageing resistance and large compression set, have been demonstrated in some rubbers cured by sulfur or peroxides. In the making of general and industrial rubber goods, short production and sufficient scorch time is crucial especially by using an injection moulding. In this work, blend of Epoxidised Natural Rubber (ENR 25) and Butadiene was developed with two types of curing systems namely Conventional and Efficient Vulcanisation system. The aim of the study is to produce a satisfactory heat resistance rubber compounds and adequate process safety for rubber manufacturing. Results showed that curing system applied significantly affected thermal stability property of the compounds. Modulus and hardness of the blends appeared to decrease progressively with ageing. However, greater thermal stability especially ageing at 100°C for 200h was observed with compound containing efficient curing system compared to conventional curing system which corresponded to the cross link density attributed by the torque value and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results on stiffness however was effected by the curing system applied. The influence of cure temperature on the chemical crosslink density on both cure systems are being investigated. The network results will be correlated with the technical properties.
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Brück, D., H. Königshofen, and L. Ruetz. "The Action of Antiozonants in Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 58, no. 4 (1985): 728–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536089.

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Abstract Rubbers with olefinic double bonds, and rubber goods based on them, are destroyed by ozone. Crack formation can be retarded by adding antiozonants. The mechanism of the antiozonant effect has not yet been fully explained. The mechanism by which bis-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydrobenzaldehyde)-pentaerythrityl acetal (AFS), a nonstaining antiozonant, hinders the ozonation of polychloroprene has been described. AFS competes with the double bonds in the polymer for the available ozone. Additionally, the resulting ozonization products prevent the ozone from penetrating into the polymer matrix. This mechanism was corroborated by carrying out kinetic measurements of the competing reactions in solution and in the rubber. The findings were confirmed by studying model substances with basic structures identical to AFS but with modified active groups.
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Kachkurkina, Iryna, Valery Ovcharov, and Olena Shevchenko. "The Usage of Oil Refining Industry Waste as Vulcanization Active Ingredient of Elastomeric Compositions." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 3, no. 4 (2009): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht03.04.295.

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The influence of composite component perlite DPh-Zn, that is the waste of oil refining industry, on the formation of properties complex of rubber mixes and their vulcanizates on the basis of apolar cis-1,4-polyisoprene and butadiene-nitrile rubbers of various polarity has been investigated. It has been established that perlite DPh-Zn is the effective vulcanization active component of multifunctional action capable at 10.0 mass frac. concentration to replace in full or in part traditional accelerators, vulcanization activators, stabilizers, and can be recommended for use in industrial elastomeric compositions for rubber goods manufacturing.
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Dost, A. "Exposure to rubber fume and rubber process dust in the general rubber goods, tyre manufacturing and retread industries." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 44, no. 5 (2000): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4878(99)00110-6.

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Klimov, A. N., G. M. Sochnev, G. M. Sadchikova, and V. P. Biryukov. "Analysis of the Rubber Mechanical Rubber Goods Production Process as a Controlled System." International Polymer Science and Technology 39, no. 1 (2012): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1203900104.

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Dvornikov, D. E., A. M. Voskresenskii, V. I. Klochkov, and N. V. Sirotinkin. "Modelling the Vulcanisation of Porous Rubber Goods." International Polymer Science and Technology 37, no. 4 (2010): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1003700411.

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Pyatov, I. S., E. S. Fedotova, S. V. Tikhonova, T. V. Bychkova, and Yu A. Maksimova. "Mechanical Rubber Goods Manufactured from Compounds Based on Butadiene–acrylonitrile Rubber with Ozone Resistance." International Polymer Science and Technology 35, no. 3 (2008): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0803500304.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rubber goods Rubber"

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Danna, Caroline Silva. "Filmes de borracha natural com nanopartículas de prata e pontos quânticos /." Presidente Prudente, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138207.

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Orientador: Aldo Eloizo Job<br>Banca: Rodrigo Fernando Bianchi<br>Banca: Dalita Gomes Silva Moraes Cavalcante<br>Banca: Antonio Hernandes Chaves Neto<br>Banca: Felipe Silva Bellucci<br>Resumo: Filmes de borracha natural (BN), fabricadas a partir do látex da seringueira Hevea braziliensis, foram utilizadas neste trabalho como substratos ativos para a obtenção de nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) e como substrato inativo para nanopartículas semi-condutoras fluorescentes, os pontos quânticos ou quantum dots (QDs). O filme de BN agiu como um reator para a síntese das AgNPs, sendo ele o agende redutor, estabilizador e substratos destas. A síntese pode ter ocorrido devido a interação de amidas, provenientes das proteínas presentes no látex, com os íons prata, provenientes da dissociação do nitrato de prata (AgNO3) em água, dando origem à um processo de síntese verde de nanopartículas (NP). O processo de síntese foi realizado por imersão dos filmes de BN na solução de AgNO3 por diferentes tempos, sendo os filmes obtidos após este processo denominados filmes de BN/Ag com distintas concentrações de AgNPs, sendo estas com formato esférico e tamanho variando entre 25 nm a 60 nm. Estudos de citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade in vitro, foram realizados utilizando as linhagens celulares CCD 1059 sk (fibroblasto humano normal) e CHO K1 (fibroblasto de ovário de hamster) e a avaliação dos resultados destes ensaios demonstram que os filmes, tanto de BN e de BN/Ag, não geram danos ao metabolismo celular para as linhagens estudadas e também não se observou dano ao DNA de tais células. Ainda neste trabalho foi obtido filmes flexíveis fluorescentes devido a mistura líquido-líquido do látex ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Natural rubber films (NR), made from latex of Hevea brasiliensis, were used in this study as active substrates to obtain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and as inactive substrate for fluorescent semi-conductor nanoparticles, quantum dots (QDs). The NR film plays as a reactor, reduce agent, stabilizer and substrate for AgNPs synthesis. The synthesis may be due to interaction amides derived from proteins present in latex, with the silver ions from the dissociation of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in water giving rise to a process of green synthesis of nanoparticles (NP). The synthesis process was carried out by immersing the BN film on AgNO3 solution for different times, and the films obtained after this process called BN films/Ag with different concentrations of AgNPS, which are spherical shape and size between 25 nm 60 nm. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies in vitro were performed using the cell line CCD 1059 sk (normal human fibroblast) and CHO-K1 (hamster ovary fibroblast) the results of these assays demonstrate that films, BN and BN/Ag, do not generate damage to cell linage metabolism and also there was no damage to the DNA of these cells. Still, in this work, was obtained flexible fluorescent films from liquid-liquid mixture between the natrual rubber latex and QDs solution; after the drying process there was obtained a fluorescent flexible film and those emissions can be observed for different wavelengths in the visible spectrum while the samples in the solid state, exhibit sam... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Doutor
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De, Beer Corena. "The role of occupational exposure in the development of latex hypersensitivity." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2240.

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Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Technikon, 2000.<br>Professionals in a healthcare setting use latex gloves on a daily basis, primarily to prevent transmission of microbial and viral organisms to and from patients and specimens. Repeated exposure to latex proteins (through direct skin contact or mucous membrane absorption) leads to the formation of circulating latex-specific antibodies and increases the risk of sensitisation. Among all known risk groups, healthcare workers have the highest risk to develop latex hypersensitivity. Early detection of antibodies or predisposing factors (e.g. atopy or impaired skin barrier function), could assist in the identification and management of risk groups and limit possible sensitisation. An experimental group with high occupational latex exposure is compared to a control group with low or no occupational latex exposure at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town. A questionnaire was completed by all subjects to obtain a thorough history of past and present latex exposure and to identify other risk factors. A complete physical examination was done to evaluate clinical signs and symptoms of risk factors and latex hypersensitivity. Atopy was evaluated by means of the United Kingdom's Diagnostic Criteria for Atopy, personal and lor family history of atopy, haematogram and total serum IgE analyses. Latex-specific IgE antibodies were measured immunometrically. Skin prick tests were performed on subjects with negative in vitro results, but with predefined clinical symptoms suggestive of latex hypersensitivity. An
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Books on the topic "Rubber goods Rubber"

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Ruth, Thomson. Rubber. Franklin Watts, 2009.

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Ojha, A. K. Rubber and rubber goods industry in India. Industrial Extension Bureau, 1988.

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Troubleshooting rubber problems. Hanser Publishers, 2013.

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Engineered rubber products. Hanser, 2008.

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Trí, Nguyẽ̂n Hữu. Khoa học kỹ thuật công nghệ cao su thiên nhiên. Trẻ, 2001.

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Dont͡sov, A. A. Kauchuk--oligomernye kompozit͡sii v proizvodstve rezinovykh izdeliĭ. "Khimii͡a", 1986.

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Jigyōbu, Posuti Kōporēshon Shuppan, ed. Kōgyō yōhin gomu jushi handobukku: Industrial rubber goods handbook. 2nd ed. Posuti Kōporēshon, 2001.

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Rubber manufacturing in Malaysia: Resource-based industrialization in practice. NUS Press, 2015.

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Essential rubber formulary: Formulas for practitioners. W. Andrew Pub., 2007.

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Cannon, William A. How to cast small metal and rubber parts. 2nd ed. TAB Books, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rubber goods Rubber"

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Muhs, Joseph H. "Mechanical Rubber Goods." In Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1671-8_12.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS COMPOUNDS." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50285-2.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS FORMULATION." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50287-6.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS FORMULATION." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50288-8.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS COMPOUND." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50289-x.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS COMPOUND." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50290-6.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS COMPOUND." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50291-8.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS COMPOUND." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50292-x.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS COMPOUND." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50293-1.

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Ciullo, Peter A., and Norman Hewitt. "MOLDED GOODS FORMULATION." In The Rubber Formulary. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551434-3.50294-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rubber goods Rubber"

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Cain, Greg. "Rubber-insulating goods." In ESMO 2011 - 2011 IEEE 12th International Conference on Transmission and Distribution Construction, Operation and Live- Line Maintenance. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdcllm.2011.6042231.

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Quadrini, F., L. Santo, T. Oskorus, W. Wasniowski, and E. Musacchi. "Production of Rubber Goods Made of 100% Ground Tire Rubber." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8528.

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This study shows some results from a recent European Project about tire recycling (SMART “Sustainable Molding of Articles from Recycled Tires”). The aim of the project was producing large rubber products in industrial scale by using ground tire rubber (GTR) without any additive or linking agent. Rubber products are made by “direct molding” of GTR, which is a compression molding process in absence of any raw material. Three different products have been selected to show the feasibility of the new recycling technology: a large-size tile (1 m2) with a thickness between 10 to 20 mm, a puzzle-shape tile with a thickness from 40 to 50 mm, and a kerb. All these products have been successfully molded and results from their testing are reported. In conclusion, an assessment about the production cost for tiles is also proposed.
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Stelescu, Maria Daniela, Mihai Georgescu, Maria Sonmez, Mihaela Nituica, and Adriana Stefan. "Elastomeric nanomaterials based on natural rubber for the food industry." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.iv.23.

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This paper presents the obtaining and characterization of new elastomeric nanocomposites based on natural rubber reinforced with plasticized starch, precipitated silica and layered clay, for obtaining consumer goods for the food industry. Obtaining nanocomposites was carried out by the technique of mixing and melt interleaving. The mixtures were vulcanized in the press, at high temperatures, using peroxides as vulcanizing agents, and triallyl cyanurate as vulcanizing coagent. In order to obtain products with improved characteristics, the influence of the amount of modified organic montmorillonite layered clay (OMMT) Nanomer I31PS and the adhesion promoter between mineral filler and polymer - bis-[3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl]-tetrasulfane (TEPS) on the characteristics of the mixtures, was analysed. The rheological characteristics of the samples show an increase of the minimum torque at the increase in the amount of OMMT type nanofiller and a decrease in the optimal vulcanization time by adding the adhesion promoter between the rubber and the filler. An improvement of the mechanical characteristics of the samples was observed at the introduction of both OMMT and TEPS. These changes may be due to both the nanofiller reinforcement effect and the changes in the morphology of the mixture. The samples showed a good behaviour after immersion in different environments specific to the food industry (water, ethyl alcohol, 10% glucose solution, 0.9% sodium chloride solution and sunflower oil). SEM analyses indicate that the starch particles, together with the other ingredients of the mixture, are quasi uniform distributed in the elastomer matrix. Several superficial microcracks are observed, on the surface of the analysed material, without structural discontinuities or other defects.
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An, Jihun, Byoung-Hyun Kang, Byoung-Ho Choi, and Hyoung-Jun Kim. "Observation and Evaluation of Scratch Damage Characteristics of Injection Molded, Rubber Toughened Poly(Methylmethacrylate)." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63417.

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Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) is one of popular engineering polymers for many engineering applications such as glass substitutes, medical applications, electronic goods, optical fibers, laser disk optical media and so on. PMMA is a lightweight material with excellent optical properties and balanced mechanical properties. However, PMMA is commonly blended with various functional fillers, and rubber particles are one of them to improve the low impact toughness of unfilled PMMA comparing with other engineering polymers such as polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer and so on. PMMA is generally used to make exterior of a commercial product, so scratch characteristics of PMMA is very important in terms of the aesthetic point of view. In this paper, rubber toughened PMMA plates are prepared by injection molding, and static and progressive scratch tests are performed. Samples are prepared by various injection molding conditions, and two orientations (machine direction and transverse direction) of the injection molded plate are considered for scratch tests. Three scratch damage mechanism stages, i.e. mar/ploughing, whitening and cutting stages, are identified by observing the scratch damages and two critical loads to define the variation of scratch damage mechanisms are recorded to evaluate the scratch resistance of rubber toughened PMMA samples. Scratch damage characteristics are examined by various microscopy techniques such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical profiler and so on. It is clearly observed that scratch damage characteristics of rubber toughened PMMA are changed sensitively for various test conditions due to rubber particles, so it can be known that the mold design should be carefully optimized to improve scratch characteristics of injection molded rubber toughened PMMA product.
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Shang, Aiguo, Jin Qin, and Changjie Lu. "Based on 200L Barrels of Low-Level Solid Waste Encapsulates Device Design." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30110.

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This paper presents the design of the low-level solid waste encapsulation device for the 200L barrels. The device is used to compress and package the low-level contaminated waste such as cotton goods, rubber, plastic products, leather products and paper products.
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Kang, Zhixin, Chengwu Zhong, Fen Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Hidetoshi Hirahara, and Kunio Mori. "Joining Property of EPDM Rubber/Cast Iron Adherend by Functional Polymeric Nanofilm." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21549.

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Joining of rubbers to metals are mainly divided into indirect joining and direct joining. Indirect joining with adhesives is unsuitable for complicated shape components and many adhesives are bad for the environment, whereas direct joining without any adhesive can overcome those problems. Polymer plating of 6-diallylamino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithiol monosodium salt was employed for the fabrication of nanoscale film on the surface of high ductile spheroidal-graphite cast iron. With the prepared nanofilm having the affinity to EPDM rubber, direct joining of EPDM rubber/cast iron with good peel property and service performance was obtained in the process of crosslinking. The effect of crosslinking temperature on property of EPDM rubber/cast iron adherend was analyzed. It was found that the optimal crosslinking temperature is 418 K and crosslinking time is 7 min. Direct joining of rubbers/metals is suitable for adhering of complicated shape metallic parts/rubbers and for micro-joining of engineering assemblies.
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Chen, Bo-Jen, C. S. Tsai, and Tsu-Cheng Chiang. "Compressive Stiffness Verification of Stirrup Rubber Bearing." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2925.

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In recent years, there has been an immense amount of interest in utilizing the rubber bearing system as a practical approach to seismic-resistant design. The stirrup rubber bearing is confined and bonded by stirrup equipments so as to restrict the lateral expansion of the rubbers due to axial load and increase the compression stiffness. Based on two kinematics assumptions that the horizontal plane parallel to the stirrup equipments or rigid bounding steel plates remains plane and the vertical lines become parabolic after loading, the pressure function and compression stiffness for the stirrup rubber bearing are derived. A good agreement between experimental results by the component tests and computational results by the proposed formulae has been obtained.
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Nilsuwankosit, Sunchai. "Report on Feasibility Study for Radiation Alarming Data Collection From Containers at Laem Cha Bang International Sea Port, Thailand." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67908.

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During the period of late-August 2015 to early-October 2015, a number of 105 data sets for the radiation alarming events from the containers passing through the “Laem Cha Bang” International Sea Port, Thailand, were collected. These radiation alarming events were for the containers which carried the goods that could be roughly identified as belonging to the following groups: (1) fertilizer, (2) chemicals, (3) plastics, (4) ceramics, (5) grain, feed, agriculture or dairy products (6) wood, rubber or furniture, (7) scrap, mineral or metal, (8) equipment, (9) parts or spare parts, (10) paper and (11) others. Most of the radiation measurements obtained were relatively low and showed no harm to the public and to the environment. Much of this radiation was from the radioactive materials found or occurred naturally and, thus, could be found anywhere. There were concern, however, regarding the possibility of the radioactive contamination or the smuggling of the harmful radioactive or nuclear materials. Further study was required to prepare against and to manage such situations.
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Nakano, Mitsuyuki, Haruko Sasaki, and Harumi Ono. "Radiation Resistance of Rubber Compound for Gasket." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6567.

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Seals of small and medium modular reactors are considered as not important components compared with seals for the large modular reactors which are current-generation plants. Leakage of seals has been a safety concern, however seal maintenance and replacement are costly and time consuming for the current-generation plants. Therefore, integral designs of small and medium modular reactors eliminate the need for seals. However it is impossible to eliminate seals completely from the detail design and equipments. Seals consisting of organic materials are estimated as serious damaged components at design basis accident (DBA). Especially it is no exaggeration to say that rubber gaskets are weakest gasket at DBA. In the point of view we must know about behavior of rubber deterioration under condition at DBA. It is very important to select rubber compound from a viewpoint of not only adequate rubber that has characteristic required for each specification but also consideration about rubber deterioration under condition at normal plant operation and DBA. However rubber for gasket has not been selected based on precise studies with enough data concerned about the rubber deterioration because there have been less studies in the world. From compression set test, swelling test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, it has been indicated that chemical structure of both Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) and Silicone rubber might be broken by radiation, and crosslinking of elastomer by radiation might progress at the same time. In fact, EPDM compounds have good results of compression set after radiation exposure and Silicone rubber does not have good results. It had been predicted that breakage and crosslinking of elastomer chemical structure caused by radiation would have been more serious on Silicone rubber. On the other hand, it has been estimated that breakage of chemical structure of Fluoro-rubber is more influenced by crosslinking of elastomer by radiation, than influence by low molecular elastomer caused by deterioration have been generated. From these results it is considered that Fluoro-rubber is weak against radiation compared to another elastomer. If Fluoro-rubber must be chosen because of its high thermal resistance for example, a radiation condition of environment should be considered seriously. Unfortunately we could not find significant correlation between compression set and general properties. However results of elongation at breakage indicates possibility of relationship to compression set.
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Sakai, Shintarou, Toru Shigemitsu, Junichiro Fukutomi, and Tsukasa Matsuoka. "The Flow Phenomena and the Non-Uniform Filling of the Unvulcanized Rubber in Process of Filling." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78336.

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Rubber products like oil seal are produced by vulcanization molding and the vulcanization molding of rubber product is performed by past experience, trial and error. It is important issues to decrease the product cost, reduce defective products and solve the environmental problems by saving natural resources. If the vulcanization moldings of rubber products are reappeared by computer simulation, it is very useful and it could contribute to solve the above problems. In order to reduce surplus rubber and defective products, numerical analysis of flow phenomena of unvulcanized rubber was performed using commercial software FIDAP. In several types of rubber mold model, the numerical analysis was conducted taken the characteristic of visco-elasticity fluid obtained by an experiment without considering the effect of heat. And experiments were conducted for the comparison of numerical results and actual phenomena. In the experiment, vulcanization process was stopped by arbitrary interval. Then the filling state and the shape of the rubber at each interval are observed in numerical and experiment results. The results showed that the filling state of numerical results represented good agreement with the experimental results. And it was clarified from the numerical analysis that shear stress increased when the unvulcanized rubber flowed in a narrow channel and there was the relation between pressure and velocity. In the present paper, the flow phenomena under the condition of the compression molding are shown and the optimum flow conditions are discussed from the numerical results. Furthermore mechanism of occurrence of defective products is considered with the experimental and the numerical results.
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