Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rubreno

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Rubreno'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Rubreno"

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Kadlečíková, Magdaléna, Juraj Breza, Jozef Liday, Helmut Sitter, and Shaima Al-Baqi. "Raman Spectra of Two Samples of Rubrene Layers." Journal of Electrical Engineering 61, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10187-010-0044-1.

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Raman Spectra of Two Samples of Rubrene Layers This experimental work deals with measuring Raman spectra of rubrene. The objective is to optimize the measurement procedure of rubrene layers on a substrate. The main outcome of the work is identification of rubrene and of the single-crystalline nature of the measured spots of the rubrene layer.
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Zeis, Roswitha, Celine Besnard, Theo Siegrist, Carl Schlockermann, Xiaoliu Chi, and Christian Kloc. "Field Effect Studies on Rubrene and Impurities of Rubrene." Chemistry of Materials 18, no. 2 (January 2006): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm0502626.

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Choi, Mun Soo, and Ho-Nyeon Lee. "Light-Emission and Electricity-Generation Properties of Photovoltaic Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Rubrene/DBP Light-Emission and Electron-Donating Layers." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/361861.

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We report the dependence of the characteristics of photovoltaic organic light-emitting diodes (PVOLEDs) on the composition of the light-emission and electron-donating layer (EL-EDL). 5,6,11,12-Tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene): dibenzo{[f,f′]-4,4′,7,7′-tetraphenyl}diindeno[1,2,3-cd:1′,2′,3′-lm]perylene (DBP) was used to form the EL-EDL, and C60was used as an electron-accepting layer (EAL) material. A half-gap junction was formed at the EAL/EL-EDL interface. As the rubrene ratio in the EL-EDL increased, the emission spectra became blue-shifted and the light-emission efficiency increased. The highest emission efficiency was achieved with an EL-EDL composed of 95% rubrene and 5% DBP. The short-circuit current decreased as the rubrene content increased up to 50% and then saturated, while the open-circuit voltage was almost unchanged regardless of the rubrene content. The power-conversion efficiency and fill factor increased as the composition of the EL-EDL approached that of pure materials. By controlling the rubrene : DBP ratio, the emission color could be adjusted. The emission efficiency of devices with mixed rubrene/DBP EL-EDLs could be greater than that of either pure rubrene or pure DBP devices. We obtained an overall power-conversion efficiency of 3% and a fill factor greater than 50%.
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Ly, Jack T., Steven A. Lopez, Janice B. Lin, Jae Joon Kim, Hyunbok Lee, Edmund K. Burnett, Lei Zhang, Alán Aspuru-Guzik, K. N. Houk, and Alejandro L. Briseno. "Oxidation of rubrene, and implications for device stability." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 14 (2018): 3757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05775j.

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In studying the formation and thermally activated cycloreversion of oxidized rubrene to pristine rubrene, we observed an irreversible, second stage oxidized product. Understanding the formation of the irreversible adduct will help one design more chemically robust rubrene derivatives.
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Ji, Gengwu, Guanhaojie Zheng, Bin Zhao, Fei Song, Xiaonan Zhang, Kongchao Shen, Yingguo Yang, et al. "Interfacial electronic structures revealed at the rubrene/CH3NH3PbI3 interface." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 9 (2017): 6546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp07592d.

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The promising rubrene-based PSC device performance demonstrates the potential of rubrene as a suitable hole transport material in PSCs due to an optimal energy level alignment at the rubrene/CH3NH3PbI3 interface.
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Uttiya, Sureeporn, Luisa Raimondo, Marcello Campione, Luciano Miozzo, Abderrahim Yassar, Massimo Moret, Enrico Fumagalli, Alessandro Borghesi, and Adele Sassella. "Stability to photo-oxidation of rubrene and fluorine-substituted rubrene." Synthetic Metals 161, no. 23-24 (January 2012): 2603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2011.08.006.

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Li, Jinfeng, Zhenjie Ni, Xiaotao Zhang, Rongjin Li, Huanli Dong, and Wenping Hu. "Enhanced stability of a rubrene analogue with a brickwork packing motif." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 33 (2017): 8376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc01790a.

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Uttiya, S., L. Miozzo, E. M. Fumagalli, S. Bergantin, R. Ruffo, M. Parravicini, A. Papagni, M. Moret, and A. Sassella. "Connecting molecule oxidation to single crystal structural and charge transport properties in rubrene derivatives." J. Mater. Chem. C 2, no. 21 (2014): 4147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tc32527j.

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Kameya, Megumi, Toshio Naito, and Tamotsu Inabe. "Rubrene Cation Radical Stabilized by Polyiodide Chains in the (Rubrene)I9Crystal." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 73, no. 1 (January 2000): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.73.61.

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Lee, Jin Woo, Kihyun Kim, Dong Hyuk Park, Mi Yeon Cho, Yong Baek Lee, Jin Sun Jung, Dae-Chul Kim, Jeongyong Kim, and Jinsoo Joo. "Light-Emitting Rubrene Nanowire Arrays: A Comparison with Rubrene Single Crystals." Advanced Functional Materials 19, no. 5 (March 10, 2009): 704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200801180.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rubreno"

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Laranjeira, Gonçalo Silva. "Fototransistores de cristal único em substrato flexível." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17859.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Física
Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos fototransístores em substrato flexível baseados numa estrutura de dupla camada cristal único/filme fino entre o 5,6,11,12-tetrafenilnaftaleno (rubreno) e o [6,6]-fenil-C61-ácido butilato metil ester (PCBM). Foi efetuada uma caracterização optoelectrónica destes. Estes revelam baixas mobilidades 5×10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 e uma responsividade na ordem dos 0,1 mAW-1 a 1000 W m-2. Os substratos foram investigados com recurso à microscopia eletrónica de varrimento, microscopia térmica de varrimento e a um perfilómetro ótico. Esta análise revelou várias irregularidades nos filmes de PCBM e que podem ser estendidas aos filmes inferiores. As irregularidades encontradas explicam a baixa mobilidade e as correntes de fuga, estas surgiram devido a vários problemas existentes no substrato e no sistema de medição.
Phototransistors on flexible substrates were developed based on single-crystal/thin-film bilayer junctions between 5,6,11,12-tetraphenyletracene (Rubrene) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The electro optical characterization revealed low mobility 5×10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a responsivity on the order of 0,1 mAW-1 at 1000 W m-2. The substrates were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, scanning thermal microscopy and 3D optical profilometer. This analysis revealed several irregularities in the PCBM film that can be extended to the lower films. The irregularities explain the low mobility and the leakage currents, these arose from various problems in the substrate and in the measurement system.
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Silva, Ramon Miranda. "Propriedades de camadas ativas baseadas em perovskita, rubreno e polímero MEH-PPV com aplicação em células solares híbridas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7977.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Organic semiconductor molecules and polymers have been widely studied because they have morphological and electroluminescent properties that contribute in particular to the development of new photovoltaic systems. Among the most promising properties for this application are the high efficiency in the production of load carriers, good conductivity, ease of manipulation and low cost syntheses, therefore to know the capacity of the active layers for the production of load carriers and the way they operate in a device, is essential to determine the application and the advantages that a material can bring to the photovoltaic systems. In this work we aimed to determinethe photophysical and morphological characteristics of the combination of an electroluminescent polymer MEH-PPV (Poly [2-methoxy-5- (2- ethylhexyloxy) -1,4-phenylenevinylene]), an organic electroluminescent molecule, Rubene (5,6,11,12-tretaphenylnaphthacene) and a hybrid Perovskite semiconductor (CH3NH3SnI_Cl2 and CH3NH3SnI2_Cl), which, when deposited as thin films on the anode of ITO (Tin-doped Indium Oxide), have their new characteristics studied and the combination can be proposed as an active layer for the production of hybrid solar cells based on perovskite. Based on the evaluation of the photophysics of the isolated materials and in solution, thin films layer-by- layer were prepared by two techniques, self-assembly and spin-coating, where their morphological and photophysical characteristics were evaluated. The properties of the active layer composed of the combination of the components were evaluated and the most promising results were obtained for the perovskite composition containing MEH_PPV deposited in a monolayer by the spin-coating technique.
Moléculas e polímeros orgânicos semicondutores têm sido largamente estudados por apresentarem propriedades morfológicas e eletroluminescentes que contribuem, em especial, para o desenvolvimento de novos sistemas fotovoltaicos. Dentre as propriedades mais promissoras para essa aplicação estão a alta eficiência na produção de portadores de cargas, boa condutividade, facilidade de manipulação e sínteses de baixo custo, portanto conhecer a capacidade das camadas ativas para produção de portadores de cargas e a forma como eles operam num dispositivo, é essencial para determinar a aplicação e as vantagens que um material pode trazer aos sistemas fotovoltaicos. Neste trabalho objetivou-se determinar as características fotofísicas e morfológicas da combinação de um polímero eletroluminescente o MEH-PPV (Poli[2-metoxi-5-(2-etilhexiloxi)-1,4-fenilenovinileno]), uma molécula orgânica eletroluminescente, o Rubreno (5,6,11,12 – tretafenilnaftaceno) e um semicondutor de Perovskita híbrida (CH3NH3SnI_Cl2 e CH3NH3SnI2_Cl) para que, ao serem depositados como filmes finos sobre o ânodo de ITO (Óxido de Índio dopado com Estanho), tenham suas novas características estudadas e a combinação possa ser proposta como camada ativa para produção de células solares híbridas baseadas em perovskita. Com base na avaliação da fotofísica dos materiais isolados e em solução, filmes finos layer-by-layer foram preparados por duas técnicas, auto-montagem e spin-coating, onde suas características morfológicas e fotofísicas foram avaliadas. As propriedades da camada ativa composta pela combinação dos componentes foram avaliadas e os resultados mais promissores foram obtidos para a composição de perovskita contendo MEH_PPV, depositado em monocamada pela técnica de spin-coating.
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Barberato, Fernanda. "Estudo de sistemas foto- e eletroluminescentes contendo polifluoreno fluorado e rubreno para aplicação em diodos emissores de luz poliméricos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-19092014-120936/.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da aplicação de um novo polímero, o poli [2,7(9,9dioctilfluoreno)alt1,4fluorfenileno], dopado com o 5,6,11,12tetrafenilnaftaceno (rubreno), como camada ativa de diodos emissores de luz poliméricos, os PLEDs. O polímero semicondutor polifluoreno fluorado (PFF), da classe dos polifluorenos, foi sintetizado por meio da reação de acoplamento via rota de Suzuki, onde ao final da síntese apresentou um rendimento de processo de 95%. O polímero foi caracterizado por diversas técnicas analíticas a fim de comprovar a formação da estrutura molecular prevista. A análise de cromatografia de permeação em gel (GPC) indicou valores de massa molar numérica média (Mn) e massa molar ponderal média (Mw) de 4230 g/mol e 21490 g/mol, respectivamente. As análises térmicas de calorimetria diferencial exploratória (DSC) e análise termogravimétrica (TGA) indicaram a presença de um pico de fusão a 145°C, e início de degradação em torno de 200°C, respectivamente. As análises espectroscópicas no infravermelho (IR), espectrometria de energia dispersiva de raios X (EDX) e ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (1HRMN) comprovaram a presença de anéis aromáticos, grupos CH2, CH3 e hidrocarbonetos fluorados na estrutura do polímero, enquanto a difração de raios X (DRX) indicou 9% de grau de cristalinidade, tratando-se, portanto, de um polímero semicristalino, conforme previamente indicado pela análise DSC. O poli[2,7(9,9dioctilfluoreno)alt1,4fluorfenileno] foi dopado com o 5,6,11,12tetrafenilnaftaceno (rubreno) em diferentes proporções mássicas, a fim de avaliar a interação entre ambos os materiais por meio das respostas obtidas pelos sistemas dopados e não-dopados através das caracterizações por espectroscopia de absorção e fotoluminescência no UV-Visível, realizadas nas amostras em solução e em filme. Os materiais puros, em solução, apresentam picos de absorção em 360 nm e 300 nm e de emissão em 410 nm e 560 nm, para o polímero e para o rubreno, respectivamente. O rubreno apresentou pico de emissão de menor intensidade em torno de 400 nm quando excitado em 360 nm. Os sistemas foram dopados nas seguintes proporções em porcentagem de massa de polímero:rubreno, 100:0, 98:2, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 50:50, e quando analisados em solução e excitados em 300 nm, apresentam fluorescência em duas regiões diferentes do espectro eletromagnético, em 410 nm e em 560 nm, ou seja, tanto o polímero quanto o rubreno apresentam resposta emissiva, cada um em sua região característica do espectro eletromagnético. Já quando excitados em 360 nm apresentaram picos de emissão somente em 410 nm, região característica do polímero, porém os espectros das soluções dopadas apresentaram aumento da intensidade do pico de emissão em 410 nm, fato este atribuído à contribuição do rubreno, que quando excitado em 360 nm apresenta uma pequena emissão em torno de 410 nm. Os materiais dopados nas mesmas proporções, quando analisados em filme e excitados em 360 nm, apresentaram bandas de emissão, na faixa entre 410 nm e 450 nm e outra com máxima em 560 nm, diferente do observado nas amostras dopadas em solução e excitadas no mesmo comprimento de onda. Esta alteração no comportamento das amostras pode ser atribuída à maior proximidade entre as moléculas quando se encontram na forma de filme, melhorando a interação e a transferência de energia entre os cromóforos. Os sistemas também foram estudados quanto ao seu comportamento eletroluminescente, para isso foram fabricados dispositivos eletroluminescentes nas seguintes proporções em porcentagem de massa de polímero:rubreno, 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 50:50. Na confecção dos dispositivos utilizou-se o poli(3,4etilenodioxitiofeno) dopado com poli(4sulfonato de estireno), conhecido como PEDOT:PSS, como camada transportadora de lacunas (HTL Hole Transport Layers) e o alumínio como cátodo responsável pela injeção de elétrons. Foram realizadas caracterizações elétricas e ópticas dos dispositivos, por meio do levantamento da curva de densidade de corrente em função da tensão, dos espectros de eletroluminescência, das coordenadas de cromaticidade e pela caracterização visual através de fotografias. Os dispositivos preparados com o polímero puro, quando caracterizados eletricamente, apresentaram valores de tensão de limiar e luminância de 14 V e 18,7 cd/m2, respectivamente, enquanto os dispositivos dopados apresentaram tensão de limiar variando entre 14 V e 7 V, e luminância entre 125 e 278 cd/m2, aproximadamente. Observou-se ainda que com o aumento da concentração de rubreno na camada ativa houve um aumento da luminância, atingindo o máximo em menores tensões. Todos os dispositivos apresentam resposta elétrica típica de diodos. A intensidade luminosa dos dispositivos se intensificou à medida que a densidade de corrente aumentou, atingindo um máximo em tensões entre 10 V e 20 V, aproximadamente, seguidas de uma redução. Os espectros colhidos dos dispositivos poliméricos emissores de luz (PLEDs-Polymer Light Emitting Diode) mostram que os dispositivos preparados a partir do polímero puro apresentaram baixa intensidade de emissão quando comparados aos dispositivos dopados. A dopagem intensificou os picos de emissão em 560 nm em aproximadamente 20 vezes.
The present work aimed to study the application of a new polymer, poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)-alt-1,4-fluorophenylene], doped with 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene) as the active layer of polymer light emitting diodes, the PLEDs. The semiconductor fluorinated polyfluorene (PFF) was synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction, with a yield of 95%. The polymer was characterized by various analytical techniques in order to confirm the formation of the expected molecular structure. The analysis by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) indicated numerical average molar mass (Mn) and ponderal average molar mass (Mw) of 4230 g/mol and 21490 g/mol, respectively. Thermal analysis of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated the presence of a melting peak at 145°C and the beginning of degradation around 200°C, respectively. The infrared spectroscopy (IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) confirmed the presence of aromatic rings, CH2 and CH3 groups and fluorinated hydrocarbons in the polymer structure, while the X-ray diffractometry (XRD) showed a degree of crystallinity of 9%, therefore, a semicrystalline polymer, as previously indicated by DSC analysis. The poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)-alt-1,4-fluorphenylene] was doped with 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene) at different mass ratios in order to evaluate the interaction between both materials by means of responses for systems doped and non- doped. The systems thus formed were characterized by absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy in the UV-Visible region and both their solutions in chloroform as well as the solid films were studied. The neat materials, polymer and rubrene, in solution showed absorption peaks at 360 nm and 300 nm and emission at 410 nm and 560 nm, respectively. An emission peak of lower intensity at around 400 nm after excitation at 360 nm was also observed for rubrene. The systems were doped in the following proportions in percent of the polymer:rubrene , 100:0 , 98:2 , 95:5 , 90:10 , 80:20 , 50:50 , and fluorescence spectroscopy were carried out in solution after excitation at 300 nm, resulting in two different regions of emission, at 410 nm and 560 nm, demonstrating independent and characteristic spectra. However, when excited at 360 nm, only emission peaks at 410 nm region, characteristic of the polymer, was observed, furthermore, the spectra of the doped solutions showed increased emission intensity, due to the contribution of rubrene, as a small emission around 410 nm, when excited at 360 nm, has been observed. Films of the doped systems at the same proportions, excited at 360 nm, showed emission bands in the range 410 - 450 nm and, at the same time, another band with maximum at 560 nm. This behavior is different from that observed for the same samples in solution under an equal condition of analysis. This behavior can be explained by the greater proximity between the molecules when they are in the solid state, increasing the segmental interactions and energy transfer between chromophores. The electroluminescence was also analysed by building devices having an active layer of the polymer:rubrene at different mass ratio, 100:0 , 95:5 , 90:10 , 80:20 , 50:50. The devices were built using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(4-styrene sulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, as a hole transporting layer (HTL) and aluminum as the cathode. The devices having neat polymer as the active layer presented luminance of 14 cd/m2 at 18.7 V, while the devices for the doped active layers presented threshold voltage ranging from 14 V to 7 V, and luminance between 125 and 278 cd/m2, approximately. It was observed that by increasing the concentration of rubrene in the active layer, increased luminance was reached at lower voltages. All devices feature typical electrical response of diodes. The luminous intensity of the device is intensified as the current density increased, reaching a maximum at voltages between 10 V and 20 V. The electroluminescence spectra showed lower emission intensity for the neat polymer compared to those observed for the doped. The emission intensity at 560 nm increased approximately 20 times after doping.
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Redorici, Lisa. "Proprieta optoelettroniche di film sottili di rubrene." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6143/.

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Scopo del presente lavoro di tesi è lo studio dei processi di fotogenerazione e trasporto di carica in film sottili di Rubrene trasferiti su substrati differenti, attraverso un’analisi degli spettri di fotocorrente ottenuti in laboratorio. I cristalli sono studiati realizzando contatti ohmici mediante deposito di vapori di oro sul campione. Le prestazioni ottenute variano a seconda del substrato; i segnali di fotocorrente migliori derivano dai campioni su vetro. L’andamento qualitativo è il medesimo al variare dei cristalli, così come i valori di energia dei fotoni incidenti corrispondenti ai picchi massimi del segnale. Si evidenziano tuttavia distribuzioni di difetti leggermente differenti. Nell’analisi comparata tra gli spettri di assorbimento e fotocorrente si riscontra un comportamento antibatico; vari tentativi di simulazione e applicazione dei modelli finora noti in letteratura per i cristalli organici (sebbene non ve ne siano per i film sottili di Rubrene), mostrano la completa inapplicabilità degli stessi al presente caso di studio evidenziando la necessità di modelli teorici specificamente studiati per la nanoscala. Una ragionevole motivazione di tale scontro risiede proprio nel conflitto tra gli ordini di grandezza dei parametri delle strutture in esame e le leggi sulle quali si basano le analisi proposte in letteratura, incongruenza che non appare invece su scala micrometrica, ove tali modelli sono stati sviluppati.
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Pasquini, Simone. "Trasporto di carica in film sottili di rubrene." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5885/.

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Lo scopo della tesi risiede nel caratterizzare film sottili di Rubrene cresciuti per mezzo dell’epitassia molecolare. In particolare si è studiata la densità di stati di trappola con il fine di determinare il grado di purezza di questi campioni. Partendo dalle caratteristiche I-V (Corrente-Tensione) in temperatura è stato possibile utilizzare il modello TM-SCLC (Temperature Modulated Space Charge Limited Current)concludendo che i campioni così cresciuti raggiungono un grado di purezza maggiore rispetto al Rubrene bulk ed escludendo la presenza di difetti estrinseci.
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Mathews, Nripan. "Signatures of optically and electrically injected charges in rubrene single crystals." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351281.

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Au cours de cette thèse nous avons exploré les propriétés d’un monocristal de rubrene dans une configuration de type transistor. Les mesures ont été réalisées dans une configuration à "gap d'air" qui permet la caractérisation des transporteurs de charge en mode dynamique sans subir l'influence d'un milieu diélectrique. Nous avons identifié différents phénomènes comme la persistance de la photoconductivité associée à la création du piégeage d'oxygène en surface ainsi que la présence d'une recombinaison « bimolecular » des transporteurs de charges. Les spectroscopies optique et Raman ont permis de révéler la présence de peroxyde en surface et ont montré le faible couplage intermoléculaire. L'impact de la photo-oxydation du rubrene sur les propriétés de transport a été déterminé en utilisant une nouvelle expérience de photooxydation graduelle sous rayonnement laser. La création d'un état accepteur qui permet le piégeage d’électrons indique que le caractère de conduction de type p hautement unipolaire et la photoconductivité de surface du rubrene sont modulés par la présence de l'oxygène
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Grande, Silvia. "Electrical spectroscopy of rubrene bulk and thin film crystals." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6678/.

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One of the most diffused electronic device is the field effect transistor (FET), contained in number of billions in each electronic device. Organic optoelectronics is an emerging field that exploits the unique properties of conjugated organic materials to develop new applications that require a combination of performance, low cost and processability. Organic single crystals are the material with best performances and purity among the variety of different form of organic semiconductors. This thesis is focused on electrical and optical characterization of Rubrene single crystal bulk and thin films. Rubrene bulk is well known but for the first time we studied thin films. The first Current-voltage characterization has been performed for the first time on three Rubrene thin films with three different thickness to extract the charge carriers mobility and to assess its crystalline structure. As results we see that mobility increase with thickness. Field effect transistor based on Rubrene thin films on $SiO_2$ have been characterize by current-voltage (I-V) analyses (at several temperatures) and reveals a hopping conduction. Hopping behavior probably is due to the lattice mismatch with the substrate or intrinsic defectivity of the thin films. To understand effects of contact resistance we tested thin films with the Transmission Line Method (TLM) method. The TLM method revealeds that contact resistance is negligible but evidenced a Schottky behavior in a limited but well determined range of T. To avoid this effect we carried out annealing treatment after the electrode evaporation iswe performed a compete I-V characterization as a function of in temperature to extract the electronic density of states (DOS) distribution through the Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC) method. The results show a DOS with an exponential trenddistribution, as expected. The measured mobility of thin films is about 0.1cm^2/Vs and it increases with the film thickness. Further studies are necessary to investigate the reason and improve performances. From photocurrent spectrum we calculated an Eg of about 2.2eV and both thin films and bulk have a good crystal order. Further measurement are necessary to solve some open problems
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Thompson, R. J. "Topographical, chemical and optical studies of single crystal rubrene." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1417136/.

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This thesis presents a study of material characterisation methods and techniques, which can determine the effects of surface and structural defects on the properties of single crystal rubrene. A method of cleaving is devised to produce surfaces free from previous exposure to the ambient. This method reproducibly provides large terraces intersected by straight, well orientated step edges. Atomic force microscopy studies show the cleaved surfaces undergo environmentally dependent molecular reorganization. This results in the formation of nanoscale ‘beads’ at molecular step edges and narrow ‘fingers’, one molecule high. The beads show an insulating behaviour with increased conduction at the surrounding surface. The methodology of applying time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy to rubrene crystals is developed to study the chemical composition both at and below the surface. This shows a uniform oxide (C42H28O) covering the surface with an increased concentration of peroxide (C42H28O2) located at crystallographic defects. To investigate the effect of surface and defects on exciton dynamics in rubrene a confocal photoluminescence (PL) arrangement is designed and built. An extended PL distribution is imaged providing evidence of exciton diffusion within the material. This diffusion is seen to increase within the bulk with a suppression of emission at 603nm. Defects are seen to affect PL with emission of the 650nm PL band having a greater contribution in the presence of defects. This emission is also spatially displaced from the maximum intensity of the other bands. These results imply the existence of a defect mediated recombination pathway. These studies show that environmental reactions readily occur at the location of crystallographic defects and step edges. This is of importance to the operation of rubrene electrical devices. This work provides a set of techniques and developed methodologies which enable the characterisation of technologically important processes on rubrene. These should extend to other organic single crystals such as pentacene and tetracene.
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Krylova, Olga [Verfasser]. "Optical investigations on rubrene in the condensed state / Olga Krylova." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045276448/34.

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Mathews, Nripan. "Signatures de l'injection optique et électrique de charges dans des monocristaux de rubrene." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351281.

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Organic single crystals are of particular fundamental interest as tools in probing the intrinsic electrical properties and the upper limit of performance for a given organic semiconducting molecule devoid of disorder. Rubrene single crystals are of particular interest in the field of organic electronics due to the high levels of charge carrier mobilities measured in transistors constructed of the same. In this thesis, we explore the properties of rubrene single crystal transistors. The photocurrent properties of rubrene single crystals are measured in ‘air-gap' transistors whose unique structure allows the measurement of photocarrier dynamics without the influence of a dielectric that can act as a source for traps. This structure has allowed us to identify phenomenon like persistent photoconductivity associated with the creation of oxygen related traps on the rubrene surface. Transient studies of the photocurrent reveal the presence of bimolecular recombination of the charge carriers. In addition, we have also performed optical spectroscopy studies including Raman spectra measurements which revealed the presence of endoperoxide related signature on the surface of the crystal while also confirming the low levels of intermolecular coupling present between the molecules. We have also explored the extrinsic factors that determine the surface conductivity of the rubrene crystal, particularly the presence of oxide related compounds on the surface of the crystal using XPS and photoluminescence measurements. The impact of photo-oxidation of the rubrene crystal on the surface conductivities were evaluated by a novel experiment involving the gradual photo-oxidation of the rubrene surface using a focussed laser. The creation of a deep acceptor state that can trap electrons indicates that the electrical properties of the rubrene surface like high unipolar p-type II conductivity and photoconductivity may be modulated by the presence of these oxygen induced states.
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Books on the topic "Rubreno"

1

Palha, Dias William. Alcorão rubro. [Teresina, Brazil]: Fundação Cultural Monselhor Chaves, 1994.

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Gil, António. Obra ao rubro. Povoa de Santa Iria: Lua de Marfim, 2012.

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Sameiro, Maria do. O rubro das papoilas. Lisboa: Edições Atrio, 1987.

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O azul se rasga: Rubro. Rio de Janeiro: Relume Dumará, 2000.

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Monsanto, Eduardo. 1981, o ano rubro-negro. São Paulo, SP: Panda Books, 2011.

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Rubro veio: O imaginário da restauração pernambucana. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Editora Nova Fronteira, 1986.

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Mello, Evaldo Cabral de. Rubro veio: O imaginário da restauração pernambucana. 2nd ed. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Topbooks, 1997.

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Guedes, Maria Estela. A obra ao rubro de Herberto Helder. São Paulo: Escrituras, 2010.

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Braga, Marcio. Coração rubro negro: Histórias do tabelião, cartola e político. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Ponteio, 2013.

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Mandiola, Jaime Bustos. Chilenidades: De la Conquista al Centenario : mil reseñas de nuestra historia clasificadas por rubro. [Chile: s.n.], 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rubreno"

1

Abd Al-Baqi, Sh M., G. Henandez-Sosa, H. Sitter, B. Th Singh, Ph Stadler, and N. S. Sariciftci. "Rubrene Thin Film Characteristics on Mica." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 43–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95930-4_7.

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Paez, B. A., Sh Abd-Al-Baqi, G. H. Sosa, A. Andreev, C. Winder, F. Padinger, C. Simbrunner, and H. Sitter. "Crystalline Stages Of Rubrene Films Probed By Raman Spectroscopy." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 37–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95930-4_6.

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Miyata, Kiyoshi, Shunsuke Tanaka, Toshiki Sugimoto, Kazuya Watanabe, Takafumi Uemura, Jun Takeya, and Yoshiyasu Matsumoto. "Coherent Phonon Dynamics in Singlet Fission of Rubrene Single Crystal." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 218–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13242-6_52.

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Djuric, T., H. G. Flesch, M. Koini, Sh M. Abd Al-Baqi, H. Sitter, and R. Resel. "Structural Properties of Rubrene Thin Films Grown on Mica Surfaces." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 49–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95930-4_8.

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Hlawacek, Gregor, Shaima Abd-al Baqi, Xiao Ming He, Helmut Sitter, and Christian Teichert. "Rubrene On Mica: From The Early Growth Stage To Late Crystallization." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 55–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95930-4_9.

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Maira, Oropeza, Mejías Alexander, and Teresa Edith Vargas. "Micropropagation and Organogenesis of Anthurium andreanum Lind cv Rubrun." In Protocols for In Vitro Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 3–14. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-114-1_1.

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Reiterer, Emanuel, Heinz Dreher, and Christian Gütl. "Anwendung der Konzeptanalyse und ontologische Modellierung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Automatic Concept Retrieval with Rubrico." In Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2010, 7–8. Göttingen: Göttingen University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17875/gup2010-1366.

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"*SG-101 (Ernsthofen-)RUBRING." In Die südgermanischen Runeninschriften, 542–45. De Gruyter, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110533187-103.

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"Rubro-Spinal Tract." In Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420048209.supl44.

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Zhong, Yu-Jie, Chang-Feng Lan, Bo-Chao Lin, Chong-Der Hu, Yuan-Chung Cheng, and Chao-Ping Hsu. "The anisotropy and temperature dependence in the mobility of rubrene." In Chemical Physics and Quantum Chemistry, 219–41. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiq.2020.04.006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rubreno"

1

Cai, Min, Ying Chen, Joseph Shinar, Oleg Mitrofanov, Christian Kloc, and Arthur P. Ramirez. "Photoluminescence-detected magnetic resonance (PLDMR) study of rubrene and oxygen-doped rubrene films and powders." In SPIE Photonic Devices + Applications, edited by Franky So and Chihaya Adachi. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.827277.

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Armando, Hudson Rodrigues, Denis da Mata Oliveira, and Luiz Antônio Ribeiro Júnior. "Charge Transport in Rubrene-Based Crystals." In VII Simpósio de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular. Editora Letra1, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21826/978856380037401.

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Armando, Hudson Rodrigues, Denis da Mata Oliveira, and Luiz Antônio Ribeiro Júnior. "Charge Transport in Rubrene-Based Crystals." In VII Simpósio de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular. Editora Letra1, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21826/9788563800374045.

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Ryasnyanskiy, Aleksandr, and Ivan Biaggio. "Two-photon spectroscopy of Rubrene single crystals." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2011.jwa62.

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Biaggio, Ivan, Kebra A. Ward, Vincent S. Zoutenbier, and Pavel Irkhin. "Exciton Dynamics in the Rubrene Single Crystal." In Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2013.lm3i.2.

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Cheng, Chiu-Ping, Yu-Ya Chu, Meng-Han Lu, and Tun-Wen Pi. "Effect of K Doping on Rubrene: C60 Heterojunctions." In Proceedings of the 12th Asia Pacific Physics Conference (APPC12). Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.1.014002.

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Sawatzki, Franz Michael, Hans Kleemann, and Karl Leo. "Rubrene-based diodes for rectification applications (Conference Presentation)." In Organic Field-Effect Transistors XVII, edited by Oana D. Jurchescu and Iain McCulloch. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2321134.

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Mitrofanov, Oleg, D. V. Lang, T. Siegrist, W. Y. So, C. Kloc, and A. P. Ramirez. "Modification of charge transport in single crystal rubrene." In Photonic Devices + Applications, edited by Zhenan Bao and David J. Gundlach. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.737082.

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Finton, Drew M., and Ivan Biaggio. "Transient Triplet Exciton Gratings in Rubrene Single Crystals." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2020.jm6b.1.

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Grochowska, K., S. Majumdar, P. Laukkanen, H. S. Majumdar, M. Sawczak, and G. Śliwiński. "Pulsed laser deposition of organic semiconductor rubrene thin films." In Eighteenth International School on Quantum Electronics: Laser Physics and Applications, edited by Tanja Dreischuh, Sanka Gateva, and Alexandros Serafetinides. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2176009.

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