Academic literature on the topic 'Rudolf Frič'

The former eastern edge of Bratislava – the area neighbouring St Andrew’s Cemetery – fi rst underwent signifi cant urbanization through modern urban regulation in the 1930s, this it had been preceded by attempts based on plans by Victor Bernárdt in 1905 and by the Technical Division in 1906. The 1930s regulation included the creation of transverse and longitudinal urban axes – Cintorínska Street (ulica) and Lazaretská Street – with modern multifunctional residential buildings that off ered administrative and commercial services. At the intersection of the two axes, the building of Slovenská Grafi a – the original Slovak printing house – was built according to a design of the builder Rudolf Frič. Together with Frič’s other buildings, today these buildings represent the most comprehensive segment of interwar redevelopment in this area, as the entire interwar redevelopment of both the axes has never been completed. At the same time, they serve as confi rmation of a contemporary practice in which regulatory plans were intentionally tailored to fi t the interests of developers and project architects who were directly represented in the city’s regulatory bodies. In this study case, they were tailored to the interests of Rudolf Frič, who intervened in an intentional change of the regulation of both Cintorínska and Lazaretská.

Na virada dos séculos XIX e XX, quando Rudolph Kjéllen cunhava o termo geopolítica, o realismo político consagrava-se como uma teoria explicativa dominante para o entendimento das relações de poder em âmbito global. Passadas as duas Grandes Guerras Mundiais, a interdependência das nações pareceu um caminho sem volta, ainda que, durante o período da Guerra Fria, as oposições ideológicas pudessem colocar limitações políticas à integração que já era possível devido aos avanços dos transportes e comunicações. Na década de 1970, o Realismo encontrou na academia, no seio das Relações Internacionais, uma teoria rival com grande poder explicativo para o rearranjo da ordem futura: o Liberalismo, entendido como uma teoria que aponta as instituições internacionais e a interdependência do comércio como forças poderosas no que tange à explicação das relações de poder em âmbito global. Este trabalho pretende apontar, através da invasão do Iraque de 2003, duas maneiras distintas de interpretar o mesmo evento à luz do Realismo e do Liberalismo, objetivando verificar suas limitações em um mundo ainda em transição no que tange à consolidação ou à caducidade de seus pressupostos analíticos. Para tanto, centra-se nas características do mundo contemporâneo que vem colocando em xeque alguns dos pressupostos realistas.
 
 Abstract 
 
 THE REFLECTION ON THE EFFICIENCY OF REALISM ASSUMPTIONS IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD THROUGH THE INVASION OF IRAQ IN 2003
 
 At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, when Rudolph Kjellén created the geopolitics term, political realism was recognized as a dominant explanatory theory for understanding power relations globally. After the two World Wars, the interdependence of nations seemed a final goal, even during the Cold War period, the opposition between ideologies could put political limitations on integration which already was possible due to advances of transport and communication. In the 1970s, Realism has found in academia, within the International Relations, a rival theory that have a great explanatory power for rearrangement of the future order: liberalism, understood as a theory pointing the international institutions and the interdependence of trade as powerful forces to explain the power relations globally. Through the 2003 invasion of Iraq, this work intends point to two different ways to interpret the same event in the light of Realism and Liberalism, aiming at finding their limitations on a world still in transition with regard to consolidation or extinction of its analytical assumptions. To do so, it focuses on the characteristics of the contemporary world coming jeopardizing some realistic assumptions.