Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rule 2

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Rule 2'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Rule 2"

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Vine, Ryan. "Rule 2." Ploughshares 37, no. 1 (2011): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2011.a435135.

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McCann, Tony. "The rule of 2 × 2." Long Range Planning 28, no. 1 (1995): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-6301(94)00066-e.

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Wharton, Charles M., Patricia W. Cheng, and Thomas D. Wickens. "Hypothesis-Testing Strategies: Why two Goals are Better than One." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 46, no. 4 (1993): 743–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640749308401037.

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An intriguing finding in the hypothesis-testing literature concerns a large increase in the proportion of subjects who discover a rule when they are asked to determine two rules rather than that rule alone. This finding is based on Wason's (1960) “2 4 6” task, in which subjects try to discover a rule (ascending numbers) by generating and testing number triples. They are initially given an example (“2, 4, 6”) of the rule that leads to overly specific hypotheses. With single-goal (SG) instructions, subjects try to discover the correct rule and are told whether each triple proposed fits the rule. With dual-goal (DG) instructions, correct and incorrect categories are labelled, respectively, as DAX and MED. Subjects try to discover both rules and are told whether each proposed triple is DAX or MED. Two explanations of why DG subjects do better at rule discovery than SG subjects are tested: the quantity of information and the testing of complementary rules using the prevalent positive-test strategy. Results support the latter explanation: DG subjects outperform SG subjects only if they know the rules are complementary, and that SG subjects’ performance does not improve when required to test more triples before announcing their first rule. A third explanation, the positivity of the linguistic label of the feedback, is ruled out. Understanding the superiority of DG instructions might suggest a general method for enhancing rule discovery.
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Paschke, Adrian. "A Report on the Ninth International Web Rule Symposium." AI Magazine 37, no. 1 (2016): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v37i1.2634.

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The annual International Web Rule Symposium (RuleML) is an international conference on research, applications, languages and standards for rule technologies. RuleML is a leading conference to build bridges between academe and industry in the field of rules and its applications, especially as part of the semantic technology stack. It is devoted to rule-based programming and rule-based systems including production rules systems, logic programming rule engines, and business rule engines/business rule management systems; semantic web rule languages and rule standards; rule-based event processing languages (EPLs) and technologies; and research on inference rules, transformation rules, decision rules, production rules, and ECA rules. The 9th International Web Rule Symposium (RuleML 2015) was held in Berlin, Germany, August 2-5. This report summarizes the events of that conference.
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Schupack, Jesse. "The Liar’s Mark: Character and Forfeiture in Federal Rule of Evidence 609(a)(2)." Michigan Law Review, no. 119.5 (2021): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.36644/mlr.119.5.liars.

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Rule 609(a)(2) of the Federal Rules of Evidence is an outlier. The Rule mandates admission of impeaching evidence of a witness’s past convictions for crimes of dishonesty. It is the only place in the Rules where judges are denied their usual discretion to exclude evidence on the grounds that its admission would be more prejudicial than probative. This Note analyzes three assumptions underlying this unusual Rule: (1) that there is a coherently definable category of crimes of dishonesty, (2) that convictions for crimes of dishonesty are uniquely probative of a person’s character, and (3) that an assessment of moral character based on past convictions will be suitably predictive of a person’s reliability as a witness. These assumptions are false and so do not justify the mandatory admission of convictions under the Rule. The final Part of this Note argues that Rule 609(a)(2) is better understood as operating on an implicit principle of forfeiture. Recognizing this and modifying the structure of the Rule accordingly cures some of its current defects. But these revisions still leave something deeply concerning about Rule 609(a)(2). The logic of forfeiture substitutes a normative judgment about a particular class of people in place of an evidentiary judgment about the probative value of a certain kind of information. This Note concludes that this substitution is unprincipled and unjust, and that therefore Rule 609(a)(2) should be eliminated.
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Knopf, Alison. "SAMHSA issues final rule updating OTP methadone rules." Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly 36, no. 6 (2024): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adaw.34023.

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Last week the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) finally issued its rule loosening the rules for Opioid Treatment Programs (OTPs) on methadone. The rule, scheduled to be published in the Federal Register Feb. 2, was long fought for by OTPs themselves. The proposed rule was issued in December, 2022 (see “SAMHSA proposes reforms to methadone rules, keeps OTPs in charge,” ADAW Dec. 19, 2022; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33643).
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Matsuo, Gilsany Leão, Luiz Carlos de Albuquerque, and Carla Cristina Paiva Paracampo. "Efeitos de justificativas relatadas em regrassobre o seguimento de regras." ACTA COMPORTAMENTALIA 22, no. 3 (2014): 273–93. https://doi.org/10.32870/ac.v22i3.48911.

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Para investigar os efeitos de justificativas sobre o seguimento de regras, dezoito universitários foram expos-tos a um procedimento de escolha segundo o modelo. A tarefa era apontar para cada um dos três estímulos de comparação em sequência. Cada estímulo de comparação apresentava apenas uma dimensão - cor (C), espessura (E) ou forma (F) - em comum com o estímulo modelo e diferia nas demais. A sequência simples (EFC) e a complexa (EFCFCE) eram corretas e as únicas a produzirem pontos em esquema de reforço con-tínuo. No Experimento 1, os 12 participantes foram distribuídos em quatro condições, com cinco fases cada. Na Fase 1, linha de base, nenhuma sequência era reforçada ou instruída. Cada uma das demais fases, de 20 tentativas, era iniciada com a apresentação da regra com ou da regra sem justificativa adicional para a emis-são da sequência complexa. As condições diferiam apenas quanto à ordem em que as regras eram apresenta-das para todos os participantes nas Fases 2, 3, 4 e 5. O Experimento 2 replicou o Experimento 1 para avaliar os efeitos de justificativas na ausência de pontos imediatos. Na Fase 1, o desempenho foi variável. Nas fases sem justificativa adicional, predominantemente foi apresentada a sequência simples. E nas fases com justificativa adicional a sequência predominantemente apresentada foi a complexa. Os resultados apoiam a proposição de que regras podem alterar a probabilidade de o comportamento por ela especificado vir a ocorrer no futuro, e tem implicações para o papel do controle por regras na explicação do comportamento.
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Yu, T., B. Wang, X. J. Jin, et al. "Predicting difficult airways: 3-3-2 rule or 3-3 rule?" Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) 184, no. 3 (2015): 677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11845-015-1276-7.

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MANEA, Laura. "Et+2:13ică, integritate ... și anticorupție." Revista Etică și Deontologie 3, no. 1 (2023): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52744/red.2023.01.12.

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Corruption, as a crime and deviation from morality and duty, has been and is sanctioned by the rules of criminal law in any rule of law, and when acts of corruption are committed by civil servants, the sanctions are more serious. Anti-corruption policies
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Brehaut, Jamie C., Ian D. Graham, Timothy J. Wood, et al. "Measuring Acceptability of Clinical Decision Rules: Validation of the Ottawa Acceptability of Decision Rules Instrument (OADRI) in Four Countries." Medical Decision Making 30, no. 3 (2009): 398–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x09344747.

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Background. Clinical decision rules can benefit clinicians, patients, and health systems, but they involve considerable up-front development costs and must be acceptable to the target audience. No existing instrument measures the acceptability of a rule. The current study validated such an instrument. Methods. The authors administered the Ottawa Acceptability of Decision Rules Instrument (OADRI) via postal survey to emergency physicians from 4 regions (Australasia, Canada, United Kingdom, and United States), in the context of 2 recently developed rules, the Canadian C-Spine Rule (C-Spine) and the Canadian CT Head Rule (CT-Head). Construct validity of the 12-item instrument was evaluated by hypothesis testing. Results. As predicted by a priori hypotheses, OADRI scores were 1) higher among rule users than nonusers, 2) higher among those using the rule ‘‘all of the time’’ v. ‘‘most of the time’’ v. ‘‘some of the time,’’ and 3) higher among rule nonusers who would consider using a rule v. those who would not. We also examined explicit reasons given by respondents who said they would not use these rules. Items in the OADRI accounted for 85.5% (C- Spine) and 90.2% (CT-Head) of the reasons given for not considering a rule acceptable. Conclusions. The OADRI is a simple, 12-item instrument that evaluates rule acceptability among clinicians. Potential uses include comparing multiple ‘‘protorules’’ during development, examining acceptability of a rule to a new audience prior to implementation, indicating barriers to rule use addressable by knowledge translation interventions, and potentially serving as a proxy measure for future rule use.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rule 2"

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LaShell, Patrick Jonathon. "What's in a rule two-dimensional rule use in category learning /." Diss., [Riverside, Calif.] : University of California, Riverside, 2010. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=2019837061&SrchMode=2&sid=2&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1274467478&clientId=48051.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.<br>Includes abstract. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 23, 2010). Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.
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Mutharaju, Raghava. "Distributed Rule-Based Ontology Reasoning." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1472534764.

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Wade, Caroline Nicola. "Pragmatic influences on rule discovery in Wason's 2-4-6 task." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556635.

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The aim of the reported research was to investigate the determinants of poor performance on Wason's (1960) rule discovery task. Following the argument that the conversational pragmatics of the task cause reasoners to attach a presumption of relevance to the salient properties of the given 2-4-6 exemplar triple (Van der Henst, Rossi, & Schroyens, 2002), the first set of experiments set out to examine further the impact of perceived triple relevance on rule discovery. Although the results of these initial experiments did not rule out the possibility of a relevance effect, it was quickly established that the previous evidence used to support the relevance account was potentially confounded by other factors present within Van der Henst et al's experimental scenario. In establishing this conclusion, the question also arose as to whether participants can genuinely be assumed to be engaging in hypothesis testing when faced with Wason's 2-4-6 task instructions. It was subsequently proposed that the failure observed on the standard 2-4-6 task should not be attributed to a poor hypothesis testing strategy but rather to participants' misinterpretation of the task's intended objective. The final two experiments tested this idea by altering the task so as to emphasise the intended goal of discovering one of many possible rule alternatives. The subsequent results supported the proposed "misinterpreted objective account" of the standard 2-4-6 task in that clarifying the task's objective readily elicits genuine hypotheses testing behaviour, thereby promoting successful rule discovery. The thesis situates these findings within Evans' ( e.g., 2006) general hypothetical thinking framework and argues for a more positive view of people's hypothesis testing capacities than that which has previously stemmed from research employing Wason's rule discovery paradigm.
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Martins, Filipe Miguel Guerreiro. "eVentos 2 - Autonomous sailboat control." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11211.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores<br>Sailboat navigation started as a way to explore the world. Even though performance is significantly lower than that of a motorboat, in terms of resources, these vessels still are the best low-cost solutions. On the past, navigation depended greatly on estimates or on the stars. Nowadays it depends on precise data provided by a variety of electronic devices, independent from the user’s location. Autonomous sailboats are vessels that use only the wind for propulsion and have the capacity to control its sails and rudders without human intervention. These particularities give them almost unlimited autonomy and a very valuable ability to fulfill long term missions on the sea, such as collecting oceanographic data, search and rescue or surveillance. This dissertation presents a fuzzy logic controller for autonomous sailboats based on a proposed set of sensors, namely a GPS receiver, a weather meter and an electronic compass. Following a basic navigation approach, the proposed set of sensorswas studied in order to obtain an effective group of variables for the controller’s fuzzy sets, and rules for its rule base. In the end, four fuzzy logic controllers were designed, one for the sail(to maximize speed) and three for the rudder (in order to comply with all navigation situations). The result is a sailboat control system capable of operation in a low cost platform such as an Arduino prototyping board. Simulated results obtained from a data set of approximately 100 tests to each controller back up the theory presented for the controller’s operation, since physical experimentation was not possible.
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Roswall, Sophie. "Writing HIStories – a contribution to the study of parental alienation. : Two fathers´ experiences: Rule #1 – Mum is always right. Rule # 2 – If Mum is ever wrong, see Rule # 1." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160373.

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Parental alienationis whenone parent denigrates the otherto turn their children against that parent, often after a separation or divorce. Itis well-documented but poorly understoodas a form of domesticabuse.This study explores how one Austrian and one Swedish father experience parental alienationin the wakeof false allegations of sex abuse, how theyperceivetheir emotional situationafter the separation, how their interactions with their childrenhave been affectedand what economic impact this has had on their lives. The study concentrates on white, heterosexual, agnosticmen.It is based upon in-depth interviews, and analytically framed within the parental alienation theory. The analysis identified several core themes suggesting the need for better education and training on parental alienation, and strategies to enable effective change to public policies and family law.
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Polat, Sener. "Development Of A Fuzzy Rule Based Remedial Priority Ranking System For Contaminated Sites." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611384/index.pdf.

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Evaluation of contaminated sites based on human health and environmental hazards is an essential task for the proper management of the contaminated sites. A large number of contaminated sites have been waiting for remediation all over the World. However, contaminated site remediation is generally a difficult, time consuming and very expensive process. Ranking systems for contaminated sites are useful tools to determine the remedial priority and to manage the available remediation budget in the most efficient way before the costly remedial actions are taken. To be able to have a reliable ranking result, accurate and sufficient amount of data on the nature of contamination and site characteristics are needed, which are usually not available at the early identification phases of contaminated sites, and the available data is mostly limited and vague in nature. If the available data are inaccurate or vague, the corresponding remedial ranking results can be questionable, as well. Most of the current ranking methodologies overlook the vagueness in the parameter values. The main objective of this study is to develop a remedial priority ranking system for contaminated sites by taking vagueness in parameter values into account. Within this context, development of the new Remedial Priority Ranking System, RPRS, aims to define and evaluate the current and possible environmental risks by using sufficiently comprehensive readily available parameters describing the fate and transport of contaminants in the environment and considering vagueness in those parameter values. The consideration of vagueness in parameter values was included in remedial prioritization of contaminated sites by means of fuzzy set theory. A fuzzy expert system was built up for the evaluation of contaminated sites and it was developed in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 platform, with the intention of making the evaluation fast and user friendly. Hypothetical and real case study applications are presented to test ease of use and validity of the results of the developed methodology. Results of case study applications revealed that the developed RPRS can serve as an alternative method for remedial priority ranking of contaminated sites.
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Rudys, Saulius. "Plačiajuostės dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodų tobulinimas, tiriant (1-x)(Na1/2 Bi1/2)TiO3 - xLa(Mg1/2 Ti1/2)O3 ir kitas medžiagas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121001_093621-49513.

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Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos galimybės patobulinti plačiajuostės dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodus naudojant skaitmeninius ir analitinius daugelio modų dielektrinės skvarbos skaičiavimo metodus, tiriami (1-x)(Na1/2 Bi1/2)TiO3 - xLa(Mg1/2 Ti1/2)O3 (NBT-LMT) keramikų grupės laidumo ypatumai. Nagrinėjama galimybė pritaikyti HFSS skaitmeninio modeliavimo programą dielektrinės spektroskopijos tikslams. Naudojant šią programinę įrangą, apskaičiuojama dielektrinė ir magnetinė skvarbos komplikuotiems mikrojuostelinės linijos ir dalinai užpildyto bangolaidžio matavimo grandinių atvejams. Pateikiami patobulinti kondensatoriaus koaksialinėje linijoje ir ribotų matmenų atviro galo koaksialinės linijos matematiniai modeliai. Šie modeliai patikrinami skaitmeniniu metodu. Naudojant daugiamodį kondensatoriaus modelį, atsižvelgus į magnetinio lauko pasiskirstymą koaksialinėje matavimo grandinėje, pasiūlomas būdas pamatuoti mažai bandinio magnetinei skvarbai, kai dielektrinė skvarba didelė (dešimtim ar šimtais kartų didesnė už magnetinę skvarbą). Atviro galo koaksialinei linijai siūloma keletas kalibravimo būdų, įrenginys bandiniui prispausti prie linijos. Bešvinė NBT-LMT keramika buvo tyrinėjama dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodais. Gauti rezultatai rodo, kad NBT-LMT keramikų grupėje elektriniam laidumui galioja Maerio-Neldelio taisyklė.<br>One of the basic problems in measurements of the electrical properties of materials is finding relations between measured electrical values and characteristics of the material, especially when the field distribution in the device under test with a sample inside is complex. Commercial electromagnetic simulation software was used in unconventional way to calculate materials' electrical properties. Because the software is not adopted for this task, built-in optimisation option was used. In this way dielectric and magnetic properties of materials in very complex shape were calculated. The method was tested by calculation of complex dielectric permittivity of Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7-xF2 pyrochlore ceramics as well as by calculation of both complex dielectric permittivity and complex dielectric permeability of carbon-coated capsules of Ni embedded into polyurethane matrix from experimental results. Due to the fact that using numerical methods is time consuming, a mathematical model on mode matching approach of rectangular rod in a waveguide and a new model of multimode capacitor were developed. Models were checked by numerical methods. On a high frequency, when electric field in the sample is inhomogeneous, the magnetic field in the sample is much stronger than in the transmission line. Thus, the magnetic permeability of the sample will affect scattering parameters. Based on this circumstance, the method to measure small magnetic permeability using capacitor like in coaxial line when... [to full text]
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Rudys, Saulius. "Development of the methods of broadband dielectric spectroscopy by investigating (1-x)(Na1/2 Bi1/2)TiO3 - xLa(Mg1/2 Ti1/2)O3 and other materials." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121001_093609-73724.

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Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos galimybės patobulinti plačiajuostės dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodus naudojant skaitmeninius ir analitinius daugelio modų dielektrinės skvarbos skaičiavimo metodus, tiriami (1-x)(Na1/2 Bi1/2)TiO3 - xLa(Mg1/2 Ti1/2)O3 (NBT-LMT) keramikų grupės laidumo ypatumai. Nagrinėjama galimybė pritaikyti HFSS skaitmeninio modeliavimo programą dielektrinės spektroskopijos tikslams. Naudojant šią programinę įrangą, apskaičiuojama dielektrinė ir magnetinė skvarbos komplikuotiems mikrojuostelinės linijos ir dalinai užpildyto bangolaidžio matavimo grandinių atvejams. Pateikiami patobulinti kondensatoriaus koaksialinėje linijoje ir ribotų matmenų atviro galo koaksialinės linijos matematiniai modeliai. Šie modeliai patikrinami skaitmeniniu metodu. Naudojant daugiamodį kondensatoriaus modelį, atsižvelgus į magnetinio lauko pasiskirstymą koaksialinėje matavimo grandinėje, pasiūlomas būdas pamatuoti mažai bandinio magnetinei skvarbai, kai dielektrinė skvarba didelė (dešimtim ar šimtais kartų didesnė už magnetinę skvarbą). Atviro galo koaksialinei linijai siūloma keletas kalibravimo būdų, įrenginys bandiniui prispausti prie linijos. Bešvinė NBT-LMT keramika buvo tyrinėjama dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodais. Gauti rezultatai rodo, kad NBT-LMT keramikų grupėje elektriniam laidumui galioja Maerio-Neldelio taisyklė.<br>Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos galimybės patobulinti plačiajuostės dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodus naudojant skaitmeninius ir analitinius daugelio modų dielektrinės skvarbos skaičiavimo metodus, tiriami (1-x)(Na1/2 Bi1/2)TiO3 - xLa(Mg1/2 Ti1/2)O3 (NBT-LMT) keramikų grupės laidumo ypatumai. Nagrinėjama galimybė pritaikyti HFSS skaitmeninio modeliavimo programą dielektrinės spektroskopijos tikslams. Naudojant šią programinę įrangą, apskaičiuojama dielektrinė ir magnetinė skvarbos komplikuotiems mikrojuostelinės linijos ir dalinai užpildyto bangolaidžio matavimo grandinių atvejams. Pateikiami patobulinti kondensatoriaus koaksialinėje linijoje ir ribotų matmenų atviro galo koaksialinės linijos matematiniai modeliai. Šie modeliai patikrinami skaitmeniniu metodu. Naudojant daugiamodį kondensatoriaus modelį, atsižvelgus į magnetinio lauko pasiskirstymą koaksialinėje matavimo grandinėje, pasiūlomas būdas pamatuoti mažai bandinio magnetinei skvarbai, kai dielektrinė skvarba didelė (dešimtim ar šimtais kartų didesnė už magnetinę skvarbą). Atviro galo koaksialinei linijai siūloma keletas kalibravimo būdų, įrenginys bandiniui prispausti prie linijos. Bešvinė NBT-LMT keramika buvo tyrinėjama dielektrinės spektroskopijos metodais. Gauti rezultatai rodo, kad NBT-LMT keramikų grupėje elektriniam laidumui galioja Maerio-Neldelio taisyklė.
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Li, Na. "Textural and Rule-based Lithological Classification of Remote Sensing Data, and Geological Mapping in Southwestern Prieska Sub-basin, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11824/2/Li_Na.pdf.

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Beauchamp, Bradley K. McCrone Sharon Rich Beverly Susan. "Exploring calculus students' understanding of L'Hôpital's Rule." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1273094441&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1181240966&clientId=43838.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2006.<br>Title from title page screen, viewed on June 7, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Dissertation Committee: Sharon S. McCrone, Beverly S. Rich (co-chairs), James F. Cottrill, Lucian L. Ionescu. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-159) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Books on the topic "Rule 2"

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Hopp, Peter M. Joint slide rules: Sectors, 2-foot 2-fold and similar slide rules. Hexagon Press, 2009.

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Hopp, Peter M. Joint slide rules: Sectors, 2-foot 2-fold and similar slide rules. Hexagon Press, 2009.

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Christine, Howarth Lynne, Canadian Library Association, American Library Association, and Library Association, eds. AACR2 decisions & rule interpretations. 6th ed. Canadian Library Association, 1994.

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James, Hamilton. Fair disclosure and insider trading reforms: Regulation FD, rule 10b5-1 and rule 10b5-2. CCH Inc., 2000.

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St. Michael's College Symposium (7th 2004 University of Toronto). Rule makers and rule breakers: Proceedings of a St. Michael's College symposium (1-2 October 2004). Legas, 2006.

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Scouras, James. FALCON: A rule-based strategic force allocation model, version 2. Rand, 1991.

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Tian, He, Yanbin Lv, and Xiaomei Wang, eds. Report on the Rule of Law Index in China 2. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9597-2.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water, Cadmus Group, and Carollo Engineers (Firm), eds. Long term 2 enhanced surface water treatment rule toolbox guidance manual. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 2010.

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Washington (State). Office of Drinking Water., ed. Transition from stage 1 to stage 2: Disinfection byproducts rule monitoring. Washington State Dept. of Health, Environmental Health Programs, Office of Drinking Water, 2007.

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Banfield, Edward C. Here the People Rule. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2481-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rule 2"

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McCoubrie, Paul. "Rule #2 / / Smile." In The Rules of Radiology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65229-6_2.

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Muñoz-Martínez, Amanda, Matthew D. Skinta, Sarah Sullivan-Singh, Barbara Kohlenberg, and Mavis Tsai. "Evoking (Rule 2)." In Functional Analytic Psychotherapy, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032694832-23.

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Xu, Hao, Terrell Russell, Jason Coposky, et al. "Rule-Oriented Programming." In iRODS Primer 2. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02309-5_4.

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Johnson, Alicia A., Miles Q. Ott, and Mine Dogucu. "Bayes' Rule." In Bayes Rules! Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429288340-2.

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Fell, Dafydd. "Authoritarian rule." In Government and Politics in Taiwan. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315643120-2.

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Bingle, Richard J. "The Governor-General, the Bengal Council and the Civil Service, 1800-1835." In Rule, Protest, Identity. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032618029-2.

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Duncan, Grant. "Enduring ideas." In How to Rule? Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003166955-2.

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Christensen, Ray. "One-party rule." In Japanese Democracy and Lessons for the United States. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003008620-2.

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del Carmen, Rolando V., and Jeffery T. Walker. "The Exclusionary Rule." In Briefs of Leading Cases in Law Enforcement, 11th ed. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003531456-2.

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Hopgood, Adrian A. "Rule-Based Systems." In Intelligent Systems for Engineers and Scientists, 4th ed. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003226277-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rule 2"

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Li, Ming, Han Chen, Chenguang Wang, Dang Nguyen, Dianqi Li, and Tianyi Zhou. "RuleR: Improving LLM Controllability by Rule-based Data Recycling." In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 2: Short Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.naacl-short.78.

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Nesic, Srdjan, Ying Xiao, and B. F. M. Pots. "A Quasi 2-D Localized Corrosion Model." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04628.

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Abstract In 1996 Pots has written a two-dimensional (2-D) stochastic algorithm to simulate the morphology of localized attack. The rule based algorithm operates on the assumption that the morphology of corrosion attack depends on the balance of two processes: corrosion (leading to metal loss) and precipitation (leading to metal protection). The rules of the original algorithm were modified to enable simulation of a broader variety of localized corrosion morphologies found in practice. The algorithm, which uses scaling tendency as the only input parameter, was connected with the mechanistic model of CO2 corrosion so that the morphology of localized attack can be predicted as a function of primitive parameters such as temperature, pH, partial pressure of CO2, velocity, etc. Based on the results of the simulations, it was postulated that partially protective films are sufficient to trigger localized attack, which is in agreement with the experimental observations.
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Hosein, Sasan M. "PHMSA Gas Pipeline Mega Rule." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20895.

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Abstract The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (“PHMSA”) recently released the final rule known as the “Mega Rule” which includes a set of regulations designed to improve pipeline safety by reducing the frequency of pipeline failures. The intent of the rule is to address lessons learned following the Pacific Gas and Electric Company rupture and release in San Bruno, California, in September 2010. On September 9, 2010, a natural gas pipeline owned by Pacific Gas &amp; Electric (PG&amp;E) exploded in San Bruno, CA. creating a fire that killed eight people, destroyed more than 100 homes and cost $2.8 billion. An investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) found that PG&amp;E had a faulty integrity management (IM) system that failed to detect a defective section of the pipeline resulting in the devastating explosion. The PG&amp;E incident spurred action from the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to revise the existing Federal Pipeline Safety Regulations (FPSR) to improve the safety of onshore gas transmission pipelines. These revisions are known as the Mega Rule. This final rule responds to the incident by extending existing design, operational and maintenance, and reporting requirements under the Federal Pipeline Safety Regulations to onshore natural gas transmission pipelines and gathering pipelines in rural areas. The Mega Rule is a sweeping set of regulations comprised of three parts: Part 1 focuses on the safety of gas transmission pipelines.Part 2 introduces new guidelines about IM, updated requirements for high consequence areas (HCAs) and expectations for operators following extreme weather events and natural disasters.Part 3 expands certain safety requirements to all onshore gas gathering pipelines.
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Rasid, Madihah Md, Ira Fashileen Hairul Anuar, Syed Norazizul Syed Nasir, Norazliani Md Sapari, and Siti Maherah Hussin. "Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy using 2-State Level for Standalone Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Diesel System." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Power Engineering and Energy (APEE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/apee60256.2024.10790914.

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Hasegawa, Kunio, Katsumasa Miyazaki, and Russell C. Cipolla. "Revision of Proximity Rules for Subsurface Transforming to Surface Flaws for Class 2 Ferritic Vessels." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61705.

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There is a rule in Acceptance Standards of Class 1 and 2 ferritic vessels in the ASME B&amp;PV Code Section XI describing how subsurface flaws sufficiently near a component surface are to be transformed to surface flaws. This is the flaw-to-surface proximity rule for the subsurface flaws. If the subsurface flaw is located sufficiently close to the component surface, the subsurface flaw may not be acceptable to the standard, but may become acceptable after transforming it to a surface flaw following the current flaw proximity rules. There is considered to be a problem with the flaw proximity and transformation rules, and the region of the acceptance standards where this occurs is referred in this paper as a “discontinuity” in the subsurface-to-surface flaw transformation rule in the current Acceptance Standard for Class 1 and 2 ferritic vessels. Authors had developed a solution for the discontinuity region and proposed the proximity rule for Class 1 vessels at the ASME PVP 2007 conference. The revised Acceptance Standards will be issued in the 2008 Addenda of ASME Code Section XI. However, Acceptance Standards for Class 2 vessels still contain this discontinuity of the proximity rule. In addition, allowable depths in the Acceptance Standards for Class 2 ferritic vessels are too large for thin wall thickness vessels. After the discussion at the ASME Code Working Group on Flaw Evaluation, the proposed proximity rule and allowable flaw depths were revised. This paper describes the revision of new flaw-to-surface proximity rule to minimizing the change of description to the current allowable subsurface flaws of the Class 2 ferritic vessels for the Acceptance Standards.
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Patil, B. M., R. C. Joshi, and Durga Toshniwal. "Association Rule for Classification of Type-2 Diabetic Patients." In 2010 Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2010.67.

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Kasihmuddin, Mohd Shareduwan Mohd, Mohd Asyraf Mansor, and Saratha Sathasivam. "Maximum 2 satisfiability logical rule in restrictive learning environment." In PROCEEDING OF THE 25TH NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (SKSM25): Mathematical Sciences as the Core of Intellectual Excellence. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5041552.

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Zouari, Mariam, Sahar Cherif, Habib Kammoun, Hela Lajmi, and Adel M. Alimi. "Towards type-2 fuzzy rule base system for road choice." In 2015 15th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2015.7489232.

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Acampora, Giovanni, Pasquale DrAlterio, and Autilia Vitiello. "Learning Type-2 Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems through Memetic Algorithms." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491518.

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Matthews, Stephen G., Mario A. Gongora, Adrian A. Hopgood, and Samad Ahmadi. "Temporal fuzzy association rule mining with 2-tuple linguistic representation." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2012.6251173.

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Reports on the topic "Rule 2"

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Harris, D. A., P. Auchincloss, and C. G. Arroyo. A measurement of {alpha}{sub s}(Q{sup 2}) from the Gross Llewellyn Smith sum rule. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/88831.

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Babusci, D., G. Giordano, H. Baghaei, et al. Sum rule measurements of the spin-dependent compton amplitude (nucleon spin structure at Q{sup 2} = 0). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10105911.

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Karliner, Inga. 1. Photon Transition Amplitude Predicted by the Transformation Between Current and Constituent Quarks, 2. Saturation of the Drell-Hearn-Gerasimov Sum Rule. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1453933.

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Kominis, Ioannis. Measurement of the Neutron (3He) Spin Structure at Low Q2 and the Extended Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/917019.

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Andrian, Leandro Gaston, Oscar Valencia, Jorge Hirs, and Ivan Leonardo Urrea Rios. Fiscal Rules and Economic Cycles: Quality (Always) Matters. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004570.

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Governments can issue public debt for both good and bad reasons. The former include intertemporal tax smoothing, fiscal stimulus, and asset management. In contrast, the bad reasons, which generate higher indebtedness, are mainly associated with political cycles, rent capture, intergenerational transfers, and common pool problems. Fiscal rules aim to eliminate the problem of time inconsistency of public finances and minimize debt accumulation by setting debt limits. Despite the theoretical relevance of fiscal rules and institutions to the proper management of fiscal processes in different countries, the evidence indicates mixed results regarding the effectiveness of this type of mechanism for fiscal performance. To understand the effect that fiscal rules have on public debt, this paper studies the effect of different types of rules on debt behavior and their differential effects with respect to the economic cycle. Using a dynamic panel, which enables us to control for endogeneity problems, and the use of a fiscal rule quality index (Schaechter et. al., 2012), this paper finds that fiscal rules only have a significant effect on the reduction of public debt during the positive side of the economic cycle if adequate institutional arrangements accompany them. Furthermore, only some types of fiscal rules (expenditure rules) show a significant effect during the negative part of the cycle. These results have relevant policy implications, as they underscore the importance of (1) developing institutional arrangements that promote the proper functioning of fiscal rules and (2) considering economic cycle asymmetries in order to ensure the appropriate operation of fiscal rules and the fulfillment of policy objectives.
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Djawotho, Pibero. Measurement of the neutron (3He) spin structure functions at low Q2: A connection between the Bjorken and gerasimov-drell-hearn sum rule. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1054275.

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Broadberry, Stephen, Nicholas Crafts, Leigh Gardner, Rocco Macchiavello, Anandi Mani, and Christopher Woodruff. Unlocking Development: A CAGE Policy Report. Edited by Mark Harrison. The Social Market Foundation, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-904899-98-3.

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The world’s poor are ‘trapped’ in poverty. How can we unlock development so that poor countries can sustain economic growth over long periods of time? Our report considers this problem on three levels, the national economy, the private sector, and citizenship. At the core of each chapter is new research by CAGE members and associates. Chapter 1 addresses the factors underlying sustainable growth of the national economy. Chapter 2 looks for the sources of business capacity and sustainable growth of the private sector. Chapter 3 links citizenship to economic development, showing how political voice can enable women to participate more freely in society and the economy. In all three chapters we show how economic development relies on the rule of law, including a framework of laws and their enforcement that is applied to all and accessible by all. We show how, without such a framework, the sustainable growth of national economies and their businesses is threatened when laws fail to resolve conflicts. This failure is often accompanied by corruption or violence. So, we discuss what can be done to promote the rule of law; to make economic growth more stable and sustainable; to enhance the capacity of business organisations that are most likely to attract, grow and create jobs; and to enable women to play a full part in economic development as citizens, providers, and entrepreneurs. Foreword by Frances Cairncross; Introduced by Nicholas Crafts.
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Decleir, Cyril, Mohand-Saïd Hacid, and Jacques Kouloumdjian. A Database Approach for Modeling and Querying Video Data. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.90.

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Indexing video data is essential for providing content based access. In this paper, we consider how database technology can offer an integrated framework for modeling and querying video data. As many concerns in video (e.g., modeling and querying) are also found in databases, databases provide an interesting angle to attack many of the problems. From a video applications perspective, database systems provide a nice basis for future video systems. More generally, database research will provide solutions to many video issues even if these are partial or fragmented. From a database perspective, video applications provide beautiful challenges. Next generation database systems will need to provide support for multimedia data (e.g., image, video, audio). These data types require new techniques for their management (i.e., storing, modeling, querying, etc.). Hence new solutions are significant. This paper develops a data model and a rule-based query language for video content based indexing and retrieval. The data model is designed around the object and constraint paradigms. A video sequence is split into a set of fragments. Each fragment can be analyzed to extract the information (symbolic descriptions) of interest that can be put into a database. This database can then be searched to find information of interest. Two types of information are considered: (1) the entities (objects) of interest in the domain of a video sequence, (2) video frames which contain these entities. To represent these information, our data model allows facts as well as objects and constraints. We present a declarative, rule-based, constraint query language that can be used to infer relationships about information represented in the model. The language has a clear declarative and operational semantics. This work is a major revision and a consolidation of [12, 13].
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Konzek, G. J., R. I. Smith, M. C. Bierschbach, and P. N. McDuffie. Revised analyses of decommissioning for the reference pressurized Water Reactor Power Station. Volume 2, Effects of current regulatory and other considerations on the financial assurance requirements of the decommissioning rule and on estimates of occupational radiation exposure: Appendices, Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/146797.

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McKay, Jaclynn, Mikalaa Martin, Micaela Ascolese, and Gabby DiEmma. North Carolina State University and the Forensic Technology Center of Excellence Two-Part Virtual Workshop Series: Qualifications of an Expert Witness for Legal Professionals—The Daubert and Frye Standards. RTI Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.cp.0017.2312.

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The Forensic Technology Center of Excellence, a program of the National Institute of Justice, in collaboration with North Carolina State University, hosted a two-part virtual workshop series on the Qualifications of an Expert Witness for Legal Professionals. The workshop series included topics relevant to qualifications of expert witnesses in forensic disciplines, with the first workshop occurring on August 2, 2023, and centering around the Daubert standard. The second workshop occurred on October 25, 2023, and focused on the Frye standard. The workshops brought together over 800 criminal justice professionals to explore the historical basis for the Frye and Daubert standards, the issues surrounding qualifying expert witnesses, the effect of the standards on the admission of expert testimony in the courts, and the future of forensic testimony with the December 2023 revisions to Federal Rule of Evidence 702. The workshops included presentations from a diverse panel of speakers spanning the breadth of legal practitioners—including trial attorneys, professors, attorney generals, and postconviction litigators—and provided a platform for attendees to discuss legal issues related to forensic science.
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