Academic literature on the topic 'Rule Representation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Rule Representation"

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Raden, Megan J., and Andrew F. Jarosz. "Knowledge Representations: Individual Differences in Novel Problem Solving." Journal of Intelligence 11, no. 4 (2023): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11040077.

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The present study investigates how the quality of knowledge representations contributes to rule transfer in a problem-solving context and how working memory capacity (WMC) might contribute to the subsequent failure or success in transferring the relevant information. Participants were trained on individual figural analogy rules and then asked to rate the subjective similarity of the rules to determine how abstract their rule representations were. This rule representation score, along with other measures (WMC and fluid intelligence measures), was used to predict accuracy on a set of novel figur
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Branke, Jürgen, Torsten Hildebrandt, and Bernd Scholz-Reiter. "Hyper-heuristic Evolution of Dispatching Rules: A Comparison of Rule Representations." Evolutionary Computation 23, no. 2 (2015): 249–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00131.

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Dispatching rules are frequently used for real-time, online scheduling in complex manufacturing systems. Design of such rules is usually done by experts in a time consuming trial-and-error process. Recently, evolutionary algorithms have been proposed to automate the design process. There are several possibilities to represent rules for this hyper-heuristic search. Because the representation determines the search neighborhood and the complexity of the rules that can be evolved, a suitable choice of representation is key for a successful evolutionary algorithm. In this paper we empirically compa
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Mao, Yanying, and Honghui Chen. "Rule-Guided Compositional Representation Learning on Knowledge Graphs with Hierarchical Types." Mathematics 9, no. 16 (2021): 1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9161978.

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The representation learning of the knowledge graph projects the entities and relationships in the triples into a low-dimensional continuous vector space. Early representation learning mostly focused on the information contained in the triplet itself but ignored other useful information. Since entities have different types of representations in different scenarios, the rich information in the types of entity levels is helpful for obtaining a more complete knowledge representation. In this paper, a new knowledge representation frame (TRKRL) combining rule path information and entity hierarchical
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Doğan, Battal, Serhat Doğan, and Kemal Yıldız. "On Capacity-Filling and Substitutable Choice Rules." Mathematics of Operations Research 46, no. 3 (2021): 856–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/moor.2021.1128.

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Each capacity-filling and substitutable choice rule is known to have a maximizer-collecting representation: There exists a list of priority orderings such that from each choice set that includes more alternatives than the capacity, the choice is the union of the priority orderings’ maximizers. We introduce the notion of a critical set and constructively prove that the number of critical sets for a choice rule determines its smallest-size maximizer-collecting representation. We show that responsive choice rules require the maximal number of priority orderings in their smallest-size maximizer-co
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Niu, Guanglin, Yongfei Zhang, Bo Li, et al. "Rule-Guided Compositional Representation Learning on Knowledge Graphs." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 03 (2020): 2950–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i03.5687.

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Representation learning on a knowledge graph (KG) is to embed entities and relations of a KG into low-dimensional continuous vector spaces. Early KG embedding methods only pay attention to structured information encoded in triples, which would cause limited performance due to the structure sparseness of KGs. Some recent attempts consider paths information to expand the structure of KGs but lack explainability in the process of obtaining the path representations. In this paper, we propose a novel Rule and Path-based Joint Embedding (RPJE) scheme, which takes full advantage of the explainability
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Keck, Janis, Caswell Barry, Christian F. Doeller, and Jürgen Jost. "Impact of symmetry in local learning rules on predictive neural representations and generalization in spatial navigation." PLOS Computational Biology 21, no. 6 (2025): e1013056. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013056.

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In spatial cognition, the Successor Representation (SR) from reinforcement learning provides a compelling candidate of how predictive representations are used to encode space. In particular, hippocampal place cells are hypothesized to encode the SR. Here, we investigate how varying the temporal symmetry in learning rules influences those representations. To this end, we use a simple local learning rule which can be made insensitive to the temporal order. We analytically find that a symmetric learning rule results in a successor representation under a symmetrized version of the experienced tran
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Prakash, R. Vijaya, S. S. V. N. Sarma, and M. Sheshikala. "Generating Non-redundant Multilevel Association Rules Using Min-max Exact Rules." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 6 (2018): 4568–76. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4568-4576.

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Association Rule mining plays an important role in the discovery of knowledge and information. Association Rule mining discovers huge number of rules for any dataset for different support and confidence values, among this many of them are redundant, especially in the case of multi-level datasets. Mining non-redundant Association Rules in multi-level dataset is a big concern in field of Data mining. In this paper, we present a definition for redundancy and a concise representation called Reliable Exact basis for representing non-redundant Association Rules from multi-level datasets. The given n
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Lee, Sang-Yong. "Rule-Following & Perspicuous Representation." Cogito 99 (February 28, 2023): 251–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.48115/cogito.2023.02.99.251.

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LEE, KEON-MYUNG, and HYUNG LEE-KWANG. "FUZZY INFORMATION PROCESSING FOR EXPERT SYSTEMS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 03, no. 01 (1995): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488595000098.

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This paper investigates the problems incurred when fuzzy values and certainty factors are used in rule-based knowledge representation. It proposes several measures for evaluating the satisfaction degree of fuzzy matching, fuzzy comparison and interval inclusion occurring in the course of inference for such knowledge representation. It introduces an inference method for such knowledge representation. In addition, it suggests a strategy for flexibly using and managing both conventional rules and fuzzy production rules in rule-based systems. Finally a fuzzy expert system shell, called FOPS5, desi
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Hardgrove, Anne. "Agrarian Environments: Resources, Representation, and Rule in India:Agrarian Environments: Resources, Representation, and Rule in India." Culture Agriculture 24, no. 2 (2002): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cag.2002.24.2.64.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rule Representation"

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Aude, J. S. "Design rule representation within a hardware design system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377479.

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Soltan-Zadeh, Yasaman. "Improved rule-based document representation and classification using genetic programming." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2011. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/479a1773-779b-8b24-b334-7ed485311abe/8/.

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Ghiasnezhad, Omran Pouya. "Rule Learning in Knowledge Graphs." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/382680.

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With recent advancements in knowledge extraction and knowledge management systems, an enormous number of knowledge bases have been constructed, such as YAGO, and Wikidata. These automatically built knowledge bases which contain millions of entities and their relations have been stored in graph-based schemas, and thus are usually referred to as knowledge graphs (KGs). Since KGs have been built based on the limited available data, they are far from complete. However, learning frequent patterns in the form of logical rules from these incomplete KGs has two main advantages. First, by applying the
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Brunson, Alicia. "Light, Bright, and Out of Sight: Hollywood’s Representation of the Tragic Mulatto." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407836/.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the longevity of the stereotype of the tragic mulatto in American film history. Specifically, my research focuses on the portrayals and perceptions of biracial actresses. Media informs, entertains, and influences how we, and especially youth, self-identify and interact with others. This research focuses on the portrayal of biracial actresses throughout film history. It is also important in its investigation of the perpetuation of the one-drop rule. In this research, I will examine if historical stereotypes of tragic mulatto are apparent in contempor
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Yang, Wanzhong. "Granule-based knowledge representation for intra and inter transaction association mining." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/30398/1/Wanzhong_Yang_Thesis.pdf.

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Abstract With the phenomenal growth of electronic data and information, there are many demands for the development of efficient and effective systems (tools) to perform the issue of data mining tasks on multidimensional databases. Association rules describe associations between items in the same transactions (intra) or in different transactions (inter). Association mining attempts to find interesting or useful association rules in databases: this is the crucial issue for the application of data mining in the real world. Association mining can be used in many application areas, such as the dis
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Yang, Wanzhong. "Granule-based knowledge representation for intra and inter transaction association mining." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30398/.

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Abstract With the phenomenal growth of electronic data and information, there are many demands for the development of efficient and effective systems (tools) to perform the issue of data mining tasks on multidimensional databases. Association rules describe associations between items in the same transactions (intra) or in different transactions (inter). Association mining attempts to find interesting or useful association rules in databases: this is the crucial issue for the application of data mining in the real world. Association mining can be used in many application areas, such as the dis
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Solihin, Wawan. "A simplified BIM data representation using a relational database schema for an efficient rule checking system and its associated rule checking language." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54831.

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Efforts to automate building rule checking have not brought us anywhere near to the ultimate goal to fully automate the rule checking process. With the advancement in BIM and the latest tools and computing capability, we have what is necessary to achieve it. And yet challenges still abound. This research takes a holistic approach to solve the issue by first examining the rule complexity and its logic structure. Three major aspects of the rules are addressed in this research. The first is a new approach to transform BIM data into a simple database schema and to make it easily query-able by adop
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PISCHEDDA, DORIS. "Rule-guided behaviour: how and where rules are represented and processed in human brain." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/50374.

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Much of our behaviour is guided by rules defining associations between meaningful stimuli and proper responses. The ability to flexibly switch between rules to adapt to a continuously changing environment is one of the main challenges for the human cognitive system. Investigating how different types and combinations of rules are encoded and implemented in human brain is crucial to understand how we select and apply rules to guide our behaviour and react flexibly to a dynamic environment. The present thesis addressed the issue of where in the brain different types of rules are represented and h
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au, skhor@iinet net, and Sebastian Wankun Khor. "A Fuzzy Knowledge Map Framework for Knowledge Representation." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070822.32701.

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Cognitive Maps (CMs) have shown promise as tools for modelling and simulation of knowledge in computers as representation of real objects, concepts, perceptions or events and their relations. This thesis examines the application of fuzzy theory to the expression of these relations, and investigates the development of a framework to better manage the operations of these relations. The Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) was introduced in 1986 but little progress has been made since. This is because of the difficulty of modifying or extending its reasoning mechanism from causality to relations other than
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Rocher, Swan. "Querying existential rule knowledge bases : decidability and complexity." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT291/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons au problème d'interrogation de bases de connaissances composées de données et d'une ontologie, qui représente des connaissances générales sur le domaine d'application. Parmi les différents formalismes permettant de représenter les connaissances ontologiques, nous considérons ici un fragment de la logique du premier ordre appelé règles existentielles (aussi connues sous le nom de ``tuple generating dependencies'' et Datalog+/-). Le problème fondamental de conséquence logique au cœur de cette thèse demande si une requête conjonctive est conséquence d'une b
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Books on the topic "Rule Representation"

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A, O'Donnell Guillermo, Schmitter Philippe C, and Whitehead Laurence, eds. Transitions from authoritarian rule. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

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D, Friederici Angela, and Menzel Randolf 1940-, eds. Learning: Rule extraction and representation. Walter de Gruyter, 1998.

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Banjoko, Olubadejo Olorunleke. Universal democracy (holocracy): The rule by all parties. Spectrum Books in association with Safari Books, 2004.

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A, O'Donnell Guillermo, Schmitter Philippe C, Whitehead Laurence, and Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Latin American Program., eds. Transitions from authoritarian rule. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

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Soche, H. Harris. Supremasi hukum dan prinsip demokrasi di Indonesia. Hanindita, 1985.

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Bassiliades, Nick, Guido Governatori, and Adrian Paschke, eds. Rule Representation, Interchange and Reasoning on the Web. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88808-6.

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Klokočka, Vladimír. Ústavní zřízení evropských států: Srovnávací studie. Linde Praha, 1996.

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Burns, James MacGregor. Cobblestone leadership: Majority rule, minority power. University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.

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Kopeĭchikov, V. V. Gumanizm sovetskoĭ demokratii. Izd-vo polit. lit-ry Ukrainy, 1989.

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Gustafsson, Agne. Kommunal självstyrelse: Kommuner och landsting i det politiska systemet. 6th ed. SNS förlag, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rule Representation"

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Sudkamp, Thomas, Aaron Knapp, and Jon Knapp. "Effect of Rule Representation in Rule Base Reduction." In Interpretability Issues in Fuzzy Modeling. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-37057-4_13.

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Abe, Shigeo. "Fuzzy Rule Representation and Inference." In Pattern Classification. Springer London, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0285-4_14.

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Hallmark, Gary, Christian de Sainte Marie, Marcos Didonet Del Fabro, Patrick Albert, and Adrian Paschke. "Please Pass the Rules: A Rule Interchange Demonstration." In Rule Representation, Interchange and Reasoning on the Web. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88808-6_24.

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Ligęza, Antoni. "Granular Rules and Rule Frames for Compact Knowledge Representation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25252-0_23.

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Pfeiffer, Joseph J. "A Prototype Inference Engine for Rule-Based Geometric Reasoning." In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25931-2_20.

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Colomer, Josep M. "Global Representation Requires Rotation of Countries." In How Global Institutions Rule the World. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137475084_9.

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Pearl, Judea. "Jeffrey’s Rule, Passage of Experience, and Neo-Bayesianism." In Knowledge Representation and Defeasible Reasoning. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0553-5_10.

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Kifer, Michael. "Rule Interchange Format: The Framework." In Rule Representation, Interchange and Reasoning on the Web. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88808-6_1.

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van Someren, Maarten W. "Using attribute dependencies for rule learning." In Knowledge Representation and Organization in Machine Learning. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0017223.

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Hatfield, Gary. "Representation and Rule-Instantiation in Connectionist Systems." In Connectionism and the Philosophy of Mind. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3524-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rule Representation"

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Wang, Dingmin, Przemysław Andrzej Wałęga, and Bernardo Cuenca Grau. "MTLearn: Extracting Temporal Rules Using Datalog Rule Learners." In 21st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2023}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2024/90.

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We propose a framework for temporal rule learning from datasets, which capitalises on the availability of increasingly mature Datalog rule learners. Our approach is based on the idea of splitting a temporal dataset into windows, extracting static rules from each window with an off-the-shelf Datalog rule learner, and then combining the obtained static rules into temporal rules corresponding to the whole dataset. Temporal rules generated by our approach are expressed in DatalogMTL and are assigned time-sensitive confidence scores. We have implemented our approach in a system MTLearn compatible w
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Ivliev, Alex, Lukas Gerlach, Simon Meusel, Jakob Steinberg, and Markus Krötzsch. "Nemo: Your Friendly and Versatile Rule Reasoning Toolkit." In 21st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2023}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2024/70.

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We present Nemo, a toolkit for rule-based reasoning and data processing that emphasises robustness and ease of use. Nemo’s core is a scalable and efficient main-memory reasoner that supports an expressive extension of Datalog with support for datatypes, existential rules, aggregates, and (stratified) negation. Built around this core is a versatile system of libraries and applications for interfacing with several data formats and programming languages, use as a progressive web application, and IDE integration. In this system description, we present this toolkit and discuss relevant application
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Carral, David, Lucas Larroque, and Michaël Thomazo. "Ontology-Based Query Answering over Datalog-Expressible Rule Sets is Undecidable." In 21st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2023}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2024/22.

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Ontology-based query answering is a problem that takes as input a set of facts F, an ontology R (typically expressed by existential rules), a Boolean query q , and asks whether R and F entails q. This problem is undecidable in general, and a widely investigated approach to tackle it is called query rewriting: from (R,q) (a ``rule query'') is computed q_R such that for any set of facts F, it holds that R and F entail q iff F entails q_R. The literature mostly focused on q_R expressed as a union of conjunctive queries (UCQs), and an algorithm that such a q_R whenever it exists has been proposed
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Qu, Yanpeng, Jiaxing Wu, Zhanwen Wu, and Longzhi Yang. "Fuzzy Rule Interpolation with A General Representation of Fuzzy Sets." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee60900.2024.10612091.

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Liu, Yingjie, Yingchi Mao, Fudong Chit, Bo Wu, Silong Ding, and Rongzhi Qi. "LRIRL: Improving Knowledge Graph Reasoning through Representation Learning-Based Rule Induction." In 2024 IEEE 36th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ictai62512.2024.00096.

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Morris, Matthew, David J. Tena Cucala, Bernardo Cuenca Grau, and Ian Horrocks. "Relational Graph Convolutional Networks Do Not Learn Sound Rules." In 21st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2023}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2024/84.

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Graph neural networks (GNNs) are frequently used to predict missing facts in knowledge graphs (KGs). Motivated by the lack of explainability for the outputs of these models, recent work has aimed to explain their predictions using Datalog, a widely used logic-based formalism. However, such work has been restricted to certain subclasses of GNNs. In this paper, we consider one of the most popular GNN architectures for KGs, R-GCN, and we provide two methods to extract rules that explain its predictions and are sound, in the sense that each fact derived by the rules is also predicted by the GNN, f
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Li, Lin, Haili Zhao, Lingshuai Meng, et al. "Research on Knowledge Graph Representation Learning Method Based on Logical Rule Fusion." In 2024 IEEE 4th International Conference on Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (SEAI). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/seai62072.2024.10674283.

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Balhorn, Lukas Schulze, Niels Seijsener, Kevin Dao, et al. "Rule-Based Autocorrection of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) on Graphs." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.150968.

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A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is a central reference document in chemical process engineering. Currently, chemical engineers manually review P&IDs through visual inspection to find and rectify errors. However, engineering projects can involve hundreds to thousands of P&ID pages, creating a significant revision workload. This study proposes a rule-based method to support engineers with error detection and correction in P&IDs. The method is based on a graph representation of P&IDs, enabling automated error detection and correction, i.e., autocorrection, through
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Srinivasan, Sridhar, and Russell D. Kane. "Methods of Data Synthesis in a Rule-Based Representation for Characterization of Corrosion and Cracking in Cras." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92267.

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Abstract A rule-based expert system has been developed for selection of corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs). Selection has been represented as decisions at different hierarchical levels. In these decision levels, corrosion and cracking behavior of CRAs has been specified in terms of heuristic rules and decision tables in order to provide accurate representation of laboratory data and field experience on CRA behavior. It has been shown that the data synthesis approach adopted here provides an effective methodology to capture the effects and interactions of different environmental and material sel
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Xiang, Zhiliang, Meghyn Bienvenu, Gianluca Cima, Víctor Gutiérrez Basulto, and Yazmín Ibáñez García. "ASPEN: ASP-Based System for Collective Entity Resolution." In 21st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2023}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2024/74.

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In this paper, we present ASPEN, an answer set programming (ASP) implementation of a recently proposed declarative framework for collective entity resolution (ER). While an ASP encoding had been previously suggested, several practical issues had been neglected, most notably, the question of how to efficiently compute the (externally defined) similarity facts that are used in rule bodies. This leads us to propose new variants of the encodings (including Datalog approximations) and show how to employ different functionalities of ASP solvers to compute (maximal) solutions, and (approximations of)
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Reports on the topic "Rule Representation"

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Kemoklidze, Nino. Proportional Representation: Implications for Georgia. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.111.

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In a process that spanned over three years, Georgia adopted some important changes to its constitution that is meant to complete the country’s transition from a “semi-presidential to a parliamentary system of governance” (Civil.ge, 17 Dec. 2018). In the last 2020 parliamentary elections, Georgia’s current (revised) electoral mixed system was already the most proportional the country had seen in three decades (Bogishvili, 2020). 120 Members of Parliament (MPs) were elected proportionally by a party list (previously the number was 77) and the remaining 30 were single mandate (majoritarian) MPs e
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Borgwardt, Stefan. Concise Justifications Versus Detailed Proofs for Description Logic Entailments. Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2023.225.

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We discuss explanations in Description Logics (DLs), a family of logics used for knowledge representation. Initial work on explaining consequences for DLs had focused on justifications, which are minimal subsets of axioms that entail the consequence. More recently, it was proposed that proofs can provide more detailed information about why a consequence follows. Moreover, several measures have been proposed to estimate the comprehensibility of justifications and proofs, for example, their size or the complexity of logical expressions. In this paper, we analyze the connection between these meas
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Touretzky, David S., III Elvgren, and Gillette. Rule Representations in a Connectionist Chunker. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225535.

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Terzyan, Aram. The State of Minority Rights in Uzbekistan: A Comparative Analysis of Tajiks, Russians, and Koreans. Eurasia Institutes, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47669/erd-1-2023.

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This paper examines the state of minority rights in Uzbekistan, focusing on three significant ethnic groups: Tajiks, Russians, and Koreans. It explores the historical context of these minorities, the cultural and linguistic challenges they face, socioeconomic issues, and their political representation. Under the authoritarian rule of Islam Karimov, Uzbekistan emphasized a unified Uzbek identity, often marginalizing minority cultures and languages. Despite President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s reforms aimed at improving human rights, including the establishment of a Human Rights Ombudsman and the Deve
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Horrocks, Ian, Ulrike Sattler, and Stephan Tobies. A Description Logic with Transitive and Converse Roles, Role Hierarchies and Qualifying Number Restrictions. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.94.

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As widely argued [HG97; Sat96], transitive roles play an important role in the adequate representation of aggregated objects: they allow these objects to be described by referring to their parts without specifying a level of decomposition. In [HG97], the Description Logic (DL) ALCHR+ is presented, which extends ALC with transitive roles and a role hierarchy. It is argued in [Sat98] that ALCHR+ is well-suited to the representation of aggregated objects in applications that require various part-whole relations to be distinguished, some of which are transitive. However, ALCHR+ allows neither the
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Kállai, Péter. How to Lose (the Almost) Guaranteed Representation – Recent Developments concerning Roma Parliamentary Representation in Hungary. European Centre for Minority Issues, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/djpm0924.

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As the Roma National Self-Government in Hungary failed to draw up its electoral list for the 2022 elections, it seemed that nobody would represent the most populous minority in Parliament; at least not within the framework of the preferential mandate system. This blog post covers the circumstances and developments behind this paradoxical situation and explains how uncompromising political wings have caused this outcome. The incumbent Roma minority advocate in Parliament and his allies worked hard to prevent anyone else from obtaining the first position on the electoral list and thus becoming a
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Garg, Deepak, Denis Serenyi, Frank Pfenning, and Brian Witten. A Logical Representation of Common Rules for Controlling Access to Classified Information. Defense Technical Information Center, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada506998.

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Legg, S. Abstract Syntax Notation X (ASN.X) Representation of Encoding Instructions for the XML Encoding Rules (XER). RFC Editor, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4914.

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Legg, S. Abstract Syntax Notation X (ASN.X) Representation of Encoding Instructions for the Generic String Encoding Rules (GSER). RFC Editor, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4913.

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Ye, Guosheng, Mark Messner, and T. Sham. Example Evaluation of a Representative Heat Pipe Test Article Design for Structural Acceptability using ASME Design Rules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1658587.

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