Relevant bibliographies by topics / Running costs

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Running costs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Running costs"

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Phillips, K. "RUNNING COSTS." Journal of Experimental Biology 209, no. 11 (2006): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02303.

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Ruddell, Steve. "Motors to reduce running costs." World Pumps 2005, no. 460 (2005): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-1762(05)00455-4.

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Carter, K. L., and G. G. Haselden. "Reducing running costs in air conditioning." International Journal of Refrigeration 22, no. 5 (1999): 442–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-7007(98)00068-1.

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Hewitt, Alex W., and David A. Mackey. "Keep PubMed running at all costs." Nature 502, no. 7471 (2013): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/502303e.

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Al-Hajj, Assem, and Malcolm W. Horner. "Modelling the running costs of buildings." Construction Management and Economics 16, no. 4 (1998): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014461998372231.

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Masumoto, Kenji, Kendell Galor, Andrew Craig-Jones, and John Mercer. "Metabolic Costs During Backward Running with Body Weight Support." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 04 (2019): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0806-7537.

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AbstractWe investigated metabolic costs, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), stride frequency (SF), and preferred speed (PS) during forward and backward running at different levels of body weight support (BWS). Participants completed forward and backward running on a lower body positive pressure treadmill at their preferred speed for forward and backward running at 0%BWS, 20%BWS, and 50%BWS. Oxygen uptake (V̇O2), heart rate (HR), RPE, SF, and PS were measured. HR, RPE, and SF during forward and backward running decreased with increasing BWS (P<0.05).V̇O2 during both forward and backward run
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Geekiyanage, Devindi, and Thanuja Ramachandra. "Nexus between running costs and building characteristics of commercial buildings: hedonic regression modelling." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 3 (2020): 389–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-12-2018-0156.

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PurposeTraditionally, early-stage investment decisions on buildings purely based initial capital costs and simply ignored running costs and total lifecycle cost. This was basically due to the absence of estimating models that yield running costs at the early design stage. Often, when the design of a building, which is responsible for 10–15% of its total cost, is completed, 80% of the total cost is committed. This study aims to develop a building characteristic-based model, which is an early-stage determinant of running costs of buildings, to predict the running costs of commercial buildings.De
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Major, Wayne F. "The Benefits and Costs of Serious Running." World Leisure Journal 43, no. 2 (2001): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2001.9674226.

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Thain, Colin, and Maurice Wright. "RUNNING COSTS CONTROL IN UK CENTRAL GOVERNMENT." Financial Accountability and Management 6, no. 2 (1990): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0408.1990.tb00203.x.

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Zinn, C. "Hospital's charitable donations diverted to pay running costs." BMJ 328, no. 7434 (2004): 248—a—0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7434.248-a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Running costs"

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Blackwell, Sarah Squires. "Relationship of Metabolic Costs of Aquatic Treadmill Versus Land Treadmill Running." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1228.

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Running injuries are common, usually causing athletes to cease or significantly reduce participation in a particular sport. The recent development of aquatic treadmills (ATM), an alternative to land treadmill (LTM) running, provides another option. This study sought to examine the metabolic (VO2) relationship between varying jet resistances and running speed on an ATM versus LTM. This was accomplished by developing two linear regression equations and a prediction equation. One linear regression represented the predicted VO2 from a given speed and jet resistance setting in the water, the other
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Hall, Andrew. "The Candidate Supply: How the Costs and Benefits of Running for Office Shape the Democratic Process." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467312.

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Dominant theories of U.S. elections focus on how candidates fluidly change positions based on the demands of voters. I argue instead that candidates' positions are more rigid. As a result, the supply of candidates, and not just the demands of voters, helps determine the ideological composition of the legislature. I describe a simple theory of the candidate supply, and I argue that when the costs of running for office are high, and/or the benefits of holding office are low, the supply of candidates will be more ideologically extreme. I then ground this theoretical argument empirically. Firs
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Warddrip, Erin Michelle. "Disintegrating the metabolic cost of human running." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446080.

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Shaw, Andrew J. "The reliability, validity and trainability of running economy in trained distance runners." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/22479.

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Running economy is well established as a primary determinant of endurance running performance. However, there is a lack of clarity about the preferred measurement of running economy, its primary limiting factors and the most robust methods enhance running economy in highly trained athletes. Therefore, this thesis investigated the running economy of highly trained runners, exploring the reliability and validity of measures of running economy to deduce its most appropriate quantification, the application of innovative methods to enhance our understanding of an athlete s running economy, and a no
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Albrecht, Thomas. "Ein Beitrag zur Nutzbarmachung Genetischer Algorithmen für die optimale Steuerung und Planung eines flexiblen Stadtschnellbahnbetriebes." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1121927087918-09162.

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The work deals with two problems of mass rapid transit system operation: The development of flexible timetables and the realisation of flexible timetables. In both cases, genetic algorithms are used. In the process of (flexible) timetabling in suburban railways, a transport offer perfectly adapted to demand is searched for (temporal and spatial adaptation of demand as well as adaptation of capacity of the trains). After determination of the number of train runs per line and hour and their capacity, optimal departure times have to be found (with a precision of a minute down to 10 s), which fulf
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Falk, Kristine Lynne. "Minimum cost stride frequency in running: Effect of incline and decline." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433502.

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Seminati, E. "COST OF TRANSPORT, LOWER LIMBS ASIMMETRY AND THE DYNAMICS OF RUNNING." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150098.

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The main topic of my PhD project regards the effects of the human symmetry on energetic and locomotion. The concept of symmetry, applied in many and different fields, from arts to physical sciences, has been always related to beauty, balance and equilibrium. Most individuals, animals and humans as well, are characterized by an almost complete morphological bilateral symmetry, and the deviation from it caused by environmental stresses, developmental instability and genetic problems, is called Fluctuating Asymmetry (FA). In numerous studies regarding FA, it has been demonstrated that this index
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Albrecht, Thomas. "Ein Beitrag zur Nutzbarmachung Genetischer Algorithmen für die optimale Steuerung und Planung eines flexiblen Stadtschnellbahnbetriebes." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24536.

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The work deals with two problems of mass rapid transit system operation: The development of flexible timetables and the realisation of flexible timetables. In both cases, genetic algorithms are used. In the process of (flexible) timetabling in suburban railways, a transport offer perfectly adapted to demand is searched for (temporal and spatial adaptation of demand as well as adaptation of capacity of the trains). After determination of the number of train runs per line and hour and their capacity, optimal departure times have to be found (with a precision of a minute down to 10 s), which fulf
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Cher, Pei Hua. "Running efficiency measures and their relationship with speed." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/97686/1/Pei%20Hua_Cher_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigates physiological and physical efficiencies in human sub-maximal running through developing systems for improving running efficiency by providing appropriate real time feedback. Four measures cost of transport, gait variability, step frequency and gait stability were selected to determine the most efficient measure or measures to provide feedback to the runners. These measures were studied with their relation with speed in treadmill and overground conditions and considerations of their suitability for real-time feedback systems to improve efficiency in runners.
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Tzavellas, Georgia. "The oxygen cost of horizontal and grade running on the treadmill with female runners." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35203.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the vertical component of the American College of Sports Medicine (A.C.S.M.) Guidelines equation to predict the oxygen cost of grade running. The A.C.S.M. Guidelines equation is: VO$ sb2$(ml/kg.min) = 3.5 + 0.2 speed(m/min) + 0.9 (speed(m/min) * grade(frac)). Twenty-three female runners (20 to 33 years) participated in (1) a VO$ sb2$max test, (2) five 6 min running economy (RE) tests at 133 m/min, (3) five 6 min RE tests at 160 m/min, and (4) three 6 min RE tests at 186 m/min. The RE tests at 133 and 160 m/min were performed at the following grades: 0,
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Books on the topic "Running costs"

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Scotland. Scottish Executive. Inspectors of Schools. Audit Unit. Budgeted school running costs 2002-2003: Running costs for Scottish schools. Scottish Executive, 2002.

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Great Britain. Scottish Office. Inspectors of Schools. Audit Unit. Scottish schools: Costs : budgeted running costs for Scottish schools. Scottish Office., 1993.

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Department, Great Britain Scottish Office Education. Scottish schools: Costs, 1995-97: budgeted running costs for Scottish schools, 1994/95 to 1996/97. Scottish Office, 1997.

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Great Britain. The Scottish Office. Scottish schools costs 1996/97to1998/99: Budgeted running costs for Scottish schools 1996/97 to 1998/99. Scottish Office, 1998.

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HM Inspectors of Schools (Scotland). Audit Unit. Scottish schools costs 1997/98 to 1999/2000: Budgeted running costs for Scottish schools 1997/98 to 1999/2000. Scottish Executive, 2000.

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Michael, Johannesson Carl, and Statens råd för byggnadsforskning (Sweden), eds. Low energy indoor sports halls: Halls with low running and maintenance costs. Swedish Council for Building Research, 1986.

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Department, Great Britain Scottish Office Education. Scottish schools: Costs, 1993/94 to 1995/96: budgeted running costs for Scottish schools, 1993/94 to 1995/96. Scottish Office, 1995.

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Great Britain. Scottish Office. Inspectors of Schools. Audit Unit. Scottish schools: Costs 1993/94 and 1994/95 : budgeted running costs for Scottish schools 1993/94 and 1994/95. Scottish Office, 1994.

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HM Inspectors of Schools (Scotland). Audit Unit. Scottish schools: Costs 1995/96 to 1997/98 : budgeted running costs for Scottish schools 1995/96 to 1997/98. [Scottish Office], 1996.

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Morrell, James. Business forecasts for the motor trades to 1991: Including prices and running costs. James Morrell, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Running costs"

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Brázdil, Tomáš, David Klaška, Antonín Kučera, and Petr Novotný. "Minimizing Running Costs in Consumption Systems." In Computer Aided Verification. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08867-9_30.

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Thomas, Robert. "Running Costs of Common AS Techniques." In Practical Guide to ICP-MS and Other Atomic Spectroscopy Techniques, 4th ed. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003187639-25.

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Hedges, Stephanie. "Running puppy socialization classes." In Practical canine behaviour: for veterinary nurses and technicians. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789246810.0013.

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Rothman, George, and Brian Thornton. "Management of Budgetary Expenditures: the Commonwealth Running Costs System." In Budgetary Management and Control. Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15141-7_8.

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Freebody, Jane. "Money and Management." In Mental Health in Historical Perspective. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13105-9_5.

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AbstractTensions between the therapeutic value and the financial benefits of patient work were exacerbated by the difficult financial climate following World War I and during the Great Depression. In France, prefects and asylum directors were keen to maximise the use of patient work to offset institutional running costs, which did not always sit comfortably alongside its therapeutic remit. The transformation of the Asile Clinique into a hospital for acute patients was delayed because it involved losing the asylum’s incurable and chronic patients, who were its best workers. In England, the econ
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Sona, Alberto. "Operation Of A Laser Facility : Maintenance - In Process Diagnostics - Investment And Running Costs." In Applied Laser Tooling. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3569-3_14.

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Hanushek, Eric A., and Bradley Strauss. "United States: The Size and Variation of the Pandemic Learning Losses." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69284-0_13.

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AbstractRecent international and national assessments point to the substantial learning losses that resulted from school disruptions during the pandemic. The United States, which entered the pandemic with achievement near the OECD average, had rather average pandemic learning losses and came out of the pandemic at roughly the same international ranking as before the pandemic. The learning losses from the pandemic foretell substantial economic costs related to the lower skills of those in the COVID-19 cohort. At the same time, there was substantial heterogeneity in achievement losses across sta
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Steinhöfel, Dominic. "Ever Change a Running System: Structured Software Reengineering Using Automatically Proven-Correct Transformation Rules." In Ernst Denert Award for Software Engineering 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83128-8_10.

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AbstractLegacy systems are business-critical software systems whose failure can have a significant impact on the business. Yet, their maintenance and adaption to changed requirements consume a considerable amount of the total software development costs. Frequently, domain experts and developers involved in the original development are not available anymore, making it difficult to adapt a legacy system without introducing bugs or unwanted behavior. This results in a dilemma: businesses are reluctant to change a working system, while at the same time struggling with its high maintenance costs. W
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Persson, Rickard, Libor Lochman, and Jens König. "Regional Rail Rolling Stock Requirements and Specifications." In Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-85578-8_69.

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Abstract With the support of EU’s key funding program Horizon Europe, the Europe’s Rail Joint Undertaking (EU-Rail) aims to deliver faster deployment of innovations in the railway design. The EU-Rail FutuRe project aims at tackling the increasing Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of European interoperable regional lines by means of providing new innovative solutions to make these lines cost-effective and attractive. Setting the right level of requirements and specification for the regional rail rolling stock plays therefore an important role in meeting the FutuRe objectives. The detailed objective
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Krishna, Visakh V., Saeed Hossein-Nia, and Sebastian Stichel. "New Methodology to Estimate Costs Caused by Rail Wear and RCF Depending on the Type of Running Gear." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38077-9_84.

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Conference papers on the topic "Running costs"

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Driss, Riane, Ettazi Widad, and Ettalbi Ahmed. "Optimizing Costs for Cloud-Based Long-Running Activities using ILP." In 2024 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscv60512.2024.10620115.

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Francois-Heude, Alexandre, and Cécile Millet. "Electrodeposited Zinc Based Plating on Premium OCTG Connections as an Alternative to Storage and Running Dope: Corrosion Performance Evaluation." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13274.

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Abstract The use of dry coating on Premium OCTG connections to replace both storage and running compounds presents numerous benefits for end-users. As well as improving running performances, it keeps the well clean by preventing the discharge of dope to the environment and into the well bore and it reduces the operational costs by the elimination of storage dope, cleaning and running dope re-application. The solution that has been developed combines: (i) an electrodeposited zinc-based metal plating, which provides anti galling properties and protects the steel from corrosion in storage conditi
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Roberge, P. R., M. A. A. Tullmin, and K. R. Trethewey. "Knowledge Discovery from Case Histories of Corrosion Problems." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97319.

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Abstract A successful failure analysis organization has to provide the fastest possible turn around time on incoming contract work. A common problem experienced by less experienced failure analysis staff is to identify the actual cause(s) of a failure, rather than merely the mechanism of failure, and to make recommendations for avoiding future failures. Such recommendations are often the ultimate client need and the most important component of an investigation. The proficiency and confidence levels of staff in meeting this challenge should improve considerably with the aid of “advice” gained f
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Doddema, JF. "The Use of Visco-Elastic Self-Healing Pipeline Coating." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10042.

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Abstract Modern pipeline maintenance requires advanced corrosion prevention systems in order to prolong service cycles and to ensure reliable and sustainable operation features. Corrosion is one of those occurrences that will affect the safe and efficient running of the pipeline with the costs for shut down, lost production, product loss, environment contamination and loss of customer confidence running into millions of Euros. Coating degradation problems that lead to the creation of a corrosion risk within the design life of a pipeline can mainly be attributed to one of the following causes:
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Yoneda, Shoichi, Shigeaki Tanimoto, Michio Shimomura, Hiroyuki Sato, and Atsushi Kanai. "Cost reduction effect on running costs in ISMS based on sensors." In 2015 IEEE 4th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2015.7398669.

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Haritha, K., and Chandramani Singh. "Max Weight Scheduling with Base Station Running and Switching Costs." In 2019 31st International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 31). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itc31.2019.00021.

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Shahin, Nazir, Amir Mostafa El Messiri, and Abdul Hameed Haddad. "Utilizing Top Drive for Casing Running System Reduce Well Construction Costs and Increase Safety." In Middle East Drilling Technology Conference & Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/125633-ms.

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Shahin, Nazir David, Tracy Cummins, and Egill Abrahamsen. "Top Drive Casing Running and Drilling Tools Reduce Well Construction Costs and Increase Safety." In SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/105304-ms.

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Haritha, K., and Chandramani Singh. "Scheduling Policies for Minimizing Job Migration and Server Running Costs for Cloud Computing Platforms." In 2019 57th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/allerton.2019.8919909.

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Sundari, M. Shanmuga, and V. Saranya. "Fuzzy replacement of machine its running costs and the money value changes with time." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMTA2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0108549.

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Reports on the topic "Running costs"

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Zurn, R. M. An analysis of the costs of running a station car fleet. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10117688.

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Carciofi, Ricardo. Cooperation and Provision of Regional Public Goods: The IIRSA Case. Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006848.

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This presentation discusses the IIRSA Initiative, institutional mechanism for the coordination of intergovernmental actions performed by the twelve South American countries. It covers some descriptive issues and an analysis section. The description features the components of the mechanism: territorial planning, development impact, environmental sustainability, project analysis and implementation, and regulatory issues. The analysis revolves around the hypothesis that the IIRSA cooperation mechanism has been able to keep running and make progress despite the lack of a process of deep integratio
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Ribeiro, João A., Paulo J. Pereira, and Elísio M. Brandão. A real options model to determine the optimal contractual penalty for a BOT project. CICEE. Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26619/ual-cicee/wp06.2021.

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Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) became one of the most common types of public procurement arrangements and Build-Own-Transfer (BOT) projects, awarded through adequate bidding competitions, have been increasingly promoted by governments. The theoretical model herein proposed is based on a contractual framework where the government grants leeway to the private entity regarding the timing for project implementation. However, the government is aware that delaying the beginning of operations will lead to the emergence of social costs, i.e., the costs that result from the corresponding loss of soc
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Chamanara, Sanaz, and Kaveh Madani. The Hidden Environmental Cost of Cryptocurrency: How Bitcoin Mining Impacts Climate, Water and Land. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU INWEH), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/inr23asc02.

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Based on a multi-attribute assessment of the environmental impacts and challenges associated with global Bitcoin (BTC) mining activities around the globe, we call for urgent action by the scientific, policy, and advocacy communities. The worldwide BTC mining network consumed 173.42 TWh of electricity during the 2020–2021 period, bigger than the electricity consumption of most nations. The mining process emitted over 85.89 Mt of CO2eq in the same timeframe, equivalent to the emission caused by burning 84 billion pounds of coal or running 190 natural gas-fired power plants. The environmental foo
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Munhuweyi, Ngonidzashe Portia, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Resource Modelling for the QC Laboratory at XYZ Pharmaceuticals in Southern Africa. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317431.

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Quality control (QC) laboratories are critical components in drug manufacturing and running them efficiently contributes to better, consistent supply of cost-effective quality products, while also and preventing deaths due to untimely delivery or unavailability of medicines. Having a resource modelling tool to estimate resources needed to handle a particular demand in a given system is essential for efficient running of QC laboratory. This study was done to establish such a model at XYZ Pharmaceuticals. The list of all products manufactured by XYZ Pharmaceuticals Southern Africa was reviewed;
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Wissink, Andrew, Jude Dylan, Buvana Jayaraman, et al. New capabilities in CREATE™-AV Helios Version 11. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40883.

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CREATE™-AV Helios is a high-fidelity coupled CFD/CSD infrastructure developed by the U.S. Dept. of Defense for aeromechanics predictions of rotorcraft. This paper discusses new capabilities added to Helios version 11.0. A new fast-running reduced order aerodynamics option called ROAM has been added to enable faster-turnaround analysis. ROAM is Cartesian-based, employing an actuator line model for the rotor and an immersed boundary model for the fuselage. No near-body grid generation is required and simulations are significantly faster through a combination of larger timesteps and reduced cost
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Hrehor, Troy, Timothy Jacobs, and Mark Patterson. PR457-22209-R01 Feasibility Study of the Premixing of PCC Fuel and Air to Reduce GHG Emissions. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2025. https://doi.org/10.55274/r0000115.

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The large-bore, slow-speed, two-stroke natural gas engines that frequently power natural gas pipelines are the subjects of increasingly stringent emissions standards, particularly those targeting emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as methane and carbon dioxide. Running these engines near their lean limits of operation reduces combustion temperature and therefore NOx emissions but at the cost of increased misfires and combustion instability, thus increasing GHG emissions. A pre-combustion chamber (PCC) can be equipped to provide a high-energy ignition source
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Bruce. L52282 State-of-the-Art Assessment of Alternative Casing Repair Methods. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010195.

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Abstract:
Many natural gas storage wells suffer damage during normal storage operations. Storage operators spend upwards of $100 million per year recovering lost deliverability. Damage to casings in gas storage wells is largely the result of localized loss of metal from corrosion; however, other types of damage do occur. Individual corrosion pits can be found either on the inside or outside of the casing wall. Repair methods that are currently used for natural gas storage well casings include patches, plugs, liners, etc. While currently-used repair methods can be a cost-effective means of repairing dama
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9

Maksud, A. K. M., Khandaker Reaz Hossain, Sayma Sayed, and Jody Aked. Informal Economy Perspectives on the Prevalence of Worst Forms of Child Labour in Bangladesh’s Leather Industry. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2024.005.

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The CLARISSA programme aims to understand the dynamics that are central to running a business in the informal economy in Bangladesh’s leather industry and explore how and why worst forms of child labour become a feature of business operations. This research paper explores the findings from semi-structured interviews with business owners operating enterprises involved in leather processing and production across three prominent neighbourhoods and business districts in and around Dhaka. A focus on the leather industry in Bangladesh is an opportunity to explore the demand side of the child labour
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10

Phillips and Robinson. L51979 Gas Decompression Behavior Following the Rupture of High Pressure Pipelines-Phase 1. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010194.

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Abstract:
The ability to predict the behavior of a crack propagating in a steel natural gas transmission pipeline is of great importance. This is because a long-running fracture is costly, both in terms of the time taken for replacement, and associated lost revenue, and the cost of replacement of the pipe itself. The determination of ductile shear fracture arrest toughness levels requires an accurate knowledge of the gas decompression behavior following the rupture. In particular, there is a need to predict accurately the gas decompression wave velocity within the pipe as a function of initial pressure,
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