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Tarkiainen, S. (Salme). "Runo on kuulon asia:polkuja puhutun runon poetiikkaan." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201711303217.
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Luku- ja kirjoitustaidon yleistyminen 1900-luvulla kasvatti kirjoitetun sanan valtaa ja vei puhutun sanan kohti marginaalia. Suunta on ollut sama eri elämänalueilla arkipäiväisestä viestinnästä sanataiteeseen. Sanat, jotta niillä olisi todellista merkitystä, on voitava nähdä kirjoitettuina. Kuulon ja kuuntelemisen merkitys on vähentynyt ja ihmisen kokemusmaailma muuttunut korostetun visuaaliseksi. Kaunokirjallisten tekstien painaminen muistiin on menettänyt merkityksensä. Tekstit säilyvät ja ovat siirrettävissä kirjoitetussa muodossa. Koko maailman runous on lukijan saatavilla ilman runonlaulajaa, hänen muistiaan ja läsnäoloaan. Runon lukija hallitsee omaa aikaansa. Suomen kaltaisessa maassa, jossa jo useat sukupolvet ovat olleet lukutaitoisia, on edelleen heitä, jotka haluavat kuulla. Runo on todellinen vasta sitten, kun sen tulkitsee ääni, oma tai jonkun muun. Ääni saa esittää, olla joku toinen, ottaa toisen hahmon. On heitä, joille runo ei ole ainoastaan kirjaan painettu teksti, vaan ”kuulon asia”, kuten runoilija Aaro Hellaakoski on esseessään muotoillut. Tutkielmassa etsitään vastausta siihen, miksi runo halutaan kuulla, miksi ”runo on kuulon asia”. Kuulijan kokemusta lähestytään selvittämällä, mikä merkitys äänellä, puheella ja yhteisellä kokemisella on ihmiselle. Ääni ja poeettinen kieli suistavat jatkuvaa hallintaa tavoittelevan nykyihmisen tiedostamattoman armoille, kohti aluetta, jossa ihminen ei ole tunteitaan täysin hallitseva ja kaikkivoipa. Ääni, sen aistiminen ja tuottaminen, on lujasti sidoksissa ihmisen varhaisiin vaiheisiin. Runouden kieli voi olla ihmisen tietoisuudelle ennestään tuntematonta, mutta tutkielmassa esitellyt neurotieteiden alaan liittyvät tutkimukset osoittavat, että ihminen voi tunnistaa runouden kieltä tiedostamattaan, vaistonvaraisesti. Sanoilla on merkitys. Tapa puhua sävyttää sanojen merkitystä ja rakentaa niiden sisällön uudestaan. Puhuttu runo merkitsee uuden luomista. Puheen prosodia, tapa tuottaa puhetta, välittää kuulijalle puhujan tuntemia emootioita ja nostattaa niitä kuulijassa, ehkä samoja, ehkä jotain muita. Tapa puhua vetoaa kuulijan kognitioon ja vaikuttaa sanojen merkityksen hahmottamiseen. Lyriikantutkija tutkii kirjoitettua tekstiä. Vaikka tulkintoja voi olla lukuisia, teksti pysyy muuttumattomana, mutta puhuttu runo on aina eri. Kuten kieltä opitaan, puhuttua runoutta ymmärretään vuorovaikutuksessa toisten ihmisten kanssa. Yhteinen kuuntelu on ikiaikainen tapa, joka on viime vuosina keksitty uudelleen. Yksilöllisyyttä korostavassa maailmassa yhteenliittyminen luo tunteen jatkuvuudesta ja yksilön merkityksestä osana ihmisten yhteisöä. Tutkielman nimestä on pääteltävissä, että polkuja puhutun runon poetiikkaan edelleen etsitään. Kirjallisuudentutkija Auli Viikarin kolmekymmentä vuotta sitten väitöskirjassaan peräämää teoriaa ei vielä ole. Tutkielmassa vastausta tutkimuskysymykseen on etsitty useiden eri tieteenalojen, kuten kognitiivisen poetiikan, neurotieteiden, kognitiivisen psykologian, metriikan, kehityspsykologian, yleisen kielitieteen, fonetiikan ja musiikkipsykologian tutkimuksesta. Ajan ilmiöt ja niiden tarkastelu täydentävät lähteenä käytettyä tutkimuksellista tietoa.
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Pulkkinen, J. (Janne). "Motocrosspyörän runko ja jousitus." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201605031604.
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Tämä kandidaatintyö kertoo motocrosspyörän rungosta ja jousituksesta, joilla on suuri vaikutus pyörän hallittavuuteen ja ajettavuuteen. Työssä perehdytään rungon osalta runkorakenteisiin ja ohjausgeometriaan, jonka jälkeen tarkastellaan etu- ja takajousituksen perusteita ja niiden tärkeimpiä komponentteja. Lisäksi tutkielman lopussa kerrotaan iskunvaimentimien toiminnasta ja sen muuttamisestaThis bachelor’s thesis tells about motocross bike frame and suspension which greatly affect the driveability and controllability. First, the work focuses on the frame structure and steering geometry and then the front and rear suspension basic knowledge. I also tell about the function of shock absorbers and how can they be adjusted
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Lundmark, Caiza, and Jennie Persson. "”Den finns runtom hela tiden nästan” - musik i ungas vardag." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Teacher Education, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4092.
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Uppsatsens syfte är att belysa barn och ungas användande av musik i sin vardag. Tidigare forskning belyser musikens roll i barns och ungas identitetsskapande och hur viktigt det är att skolan tar tillvara på elevernas musikaliska erfarenheter. Enkäter besvarades av 83 barn i åldern 10-12 år och intervjuer gjordes med 6 barn i åldern 10-11år. Undersökningen visar att musiken används mycket på fritiden och till viss del även i skolan, dock inte så mycket som barnen önskar. De vill använda "sin egen" musik mer i skolan. Barnen har musik omkring sig under stora delar av dagen och musiken verkar så självklar för barnen att de inte är medvetna om hur mycket de egentligen använder den och hur betydelsefull den är för dem.
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Kruske, Montana L., and Dr Eileen G. Ernenwein. "Paleochannel or Palisade? Preliminary Geophysical Investigations of a Linear Feature at the Runion Archaeological Site, Washington County, Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/74.
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Runion is a protohistoric Native American village located on the floodplain of the Nolichucky River in western Washington County. Previous archaeological excavations and radiocarbon dates suggest that the village was occupied during the mid-16th to mid-17th century. The Nolichucky River, in contrast, has been flowing through the area for millennia. Geophysical surveys are used to image the subsurface non-invasively, without disturbing protected land and/or organisms. Preliminary geophysical data collected at Runion include ground penetrating radar (GPR), electromagnetic induction (EMI), and magnetometry. These data show a linear feature surrounding the protohistoric village. Given its placement around the margins of the village, the feature could be interpreted as a fortification ditch, which is often paired with a palisade wall to defend a village from attack. The feature is also consistent with typical meandering floodplain stratigraphy, where sections of channel are often abandoned to form oxbow lakes. Over time these abandoned channels fill in and are called paleochannels.
Each geophysical method measures the properties and characteristics of the linear feature, a presumed paleochannel. GPR sends electromagnetic radar waves into the ground, which reflect off different subsurface layers and are recorded as radargrams. Magnetometry measures subtle changes in earth magnetism, including the magnetization of rocks, soils, and/or ferrous objects. EMI systems transmit low frequency electromagnetic waves to measure both electrical conductivity (EC) and magnetic susceptibility (MS). Each of these instruments are used to collect data in transects and then processed to produce profiles, maps and, in the case of GPR, three-dimensional datasets of the subsurface.
It is anticipated that GPR will reveal details about the stratigraphy of the linear feature. Magnetic, EC, and MS measurements will further help to interpret the GPR data by distinguishing between different types of sediments. These data may show if the feature is a paleochannel or a ditch excavated into older stratigraphic layers by village inhabitants for fortification. Ultimately, the feature will be tested with soil cores to study the sediments directly.
At this preliminary stage the feature is interpreted to be a paleochannel. The stratigraphic layers revealed by GPR show a broad depression with stratigraphic layers characteristic of a paleochannel. In addition, magnetic readings are anomalously low on the eastern margin (closer to the modern river channel) and high on the western margin. This could indicate paired point bar sands and paleochannel fill, respectively. This interpretation is still tentative, however, because we have not yet integrated the EMI data, extracted soil cores, or dated the feature. Radiocarbon dates might help determine the relative age of the feature if organic carbon is present. In conclusion, preliminary data currently suggests that the structure is geological rather than archaeological. In the coming months we will collect more GPR data with different frequency GPR antennas, integrate the EMI data, and test the findings by extracting soil cores and reconstructing the stratigraphy.
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Lannebjer, Martin. "Medeltida runor och runliteracy : kulturell krock eller kompromiss?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för medeltidsstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-149675.
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During the 12th to the 16th century the Scandinavian region went through a cultural change, from Germanic to Latin culture. This change effected a wide variety of areas for example law, piety, clothing, religion and system of writing. It is the change in the system of writing this essay will examine i.e. the change from runes to the Latin alphabet. The medieval runic Europe (including the Nordic countries and the north Atlantic islands) has a great variety in their numbers of runic material but in total there is about 2800 of them. Most are from the Scandinavian countries Sweden and Norway. The runic alphabet and the Latin alphabet coexisted during the Nordic Middle ages but the Latin alphabet became dominant over time.The runic alphabet changed during the 11th and 12th centuries from 16 runes to 28 (as many letters as the Latin alphabet) and was in continues use during the whole time period. The question is why it survived for so long? How come the runic alphabet did not die out sooner given the introduction of the Latin alphabet and the influence from Latin countries (i.e. Western Europe)? Earlier research has largely focused on the Viking age carvings and has not problematized the change from an historical point of view or from a cultural perspective. This essays goal is to explain that change by categorizing the inscriptions according to their theme and content in order to identify runic usage as a cultural belonging, be it a passive or active choice. I will also discuss the literacy level (or to be precis the runeliteracy) of the Scandinavian countries. Who could read the runes and in what context where they used?
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Woollard, Abigail Jodanna. "Mechanisms underlying GABAB IPSC rundown in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419626.
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Tavares, Abel José da Cunha Arcos Sampaio. "Plano de negócios para a criação de uma App de Running – Rundom." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19049.
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Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisAtualmente, assistimos a uma mudança de paradigma na área da saúde, com a crescente preocupação individual e com a sensibilização das instituições públicas para a importância de um estilo de vida saudável, em que o mesmo está interligado à prática de exercício físico. A abstinência da prática de exercício é o quarto factor de risco de mortalidade a nível mundial (6% das mortes a nível mundial) - (Organização Mundial da Saúde, 2011). A Rundom é um projecto que está inserido num modelo de negócio em plataforma "?e-commerce" (compra/venda de produtos/serviços na internet) e "m-commerce" (compra/venda de produtos através de smartphone/mobile), com a finalidade de ser implementado, numa primeira fase, em Portugal e Espanha.Para perceber a adesão ao produto ("app") e a oportunidade de negócio encontrada, foi realizado um inquérito online ao qual foram obtidas 227 respostas. O inquérito permitiu avaliar o grau de atractividade das funcionalidades da aplicação, os factores mais valorizados pelo público alvo, tipo de produto/serviço a desenvolver, sensibilidade ao preço etc. De um modo geral, foi possível perceber e aprofundar as características necessárias para o desenvolvimento do produto, bem como perceber a eventual atractividade da app. Foram também encontrados dados demográficos acerca da prática de desporto na UE, e em particular em Portugal e Espanha, onde a Rundom pretende iniciar a sua actividade. Foram feitas as previsões financeiras , onde se conclui a viabilidade e rentabilidade do negócio.
Nowadays we´re witnessing a paradigm shift in health awarness, with increasing concern by individuals and public institutions about the importance of what constitutes an healthy lifestyle, which is linked to physical exercise. Abstinence from exercise is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide (6% of deaths worldwide) - (World Health Organization, 2011). Rundom is a project that is based on an e-commerce and m-commerce business model, the goal is to set up its activity in Portugal and Spain in a first phase. To understand the business opportunity an online survey was carried out to which 227 responses were obtained. The survey allowed to perceive the attractiveness of the app features, more speciffically what is most valued by the target audience, type of product / service to develop, price sensitivity, etc. In general, it was possible to perceive and deepen the knowledge about the necessary features to be developed within the product and to understand the eventual attractiveness of the app. Demographic data on sport practice in the EU was found, in particular in Portugal and Spain, where Rundom intends to start its activity. Financial forecasts were made, which concluded the viability and profitability of the business.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Meng, Lin. "The Runbot : engineering control applied to rehabilitation in spinal cord injury patients." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7042/.
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Human walking is a complicated interaction among the musculoskeletal system, nervous system and the environment. An injury affecting the neurological system, such as a spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause sensor and motor deficits, and can result in a partial or complete loss of their ambulatory functions. Functional electrical stimulation (FES), a technique to generate artificial muscle contractions with the application of electrical current, has been shown to improve the ambulatory ability of patients with an SCI. FES walking systems have been used as a neural prosthesis to assist patients walking, but further work is needed to establish a system with reduced engineering complexity which more closely resembles the pattern of natural walking. The aim of this thesis was to develop a new FES gait assistance system with a simple and efficient FES control based on insights from robotic walking models, which can be used in patients with neuromuscular dysfunction, for example in SCI. The understanding of human walking is fundamental to develop suitable control strategies. Limit cycle walkers are capable of walking with reduced mechanical complexity and simple control. Walking robots based on this principle allow bio-inspired mechanisms to be analysed and validated in a real environment. The Runbot is a bipedal walker which has been developed based on models of reflexes in the human central nervous system, without the need for a precise trajectory algorithm. Instead, the timing of the control pattern is based on ground contact information. Taking the inspiration of bio-inspired robotic control, two primary objectives were addressed. Firstly, the development of a new reflexive controller with the addition of ankle control. Secondly, the development of a new FES walking system with an FES control model derived from the principles of the robotic control system. The control model of the original Runbot utilized a model of neuronal firing processes based on the complexity of the central neural system. As a causal relationship between foot contact information and muscle activity during human walking has been established, the control model was simplified using filter functions that transfer the sensory inputs into motor outputs, based on experimental observations in humans. The transfer functions were applied to the RunBot II to generate a stable walking pattern. A control system for walking was created, based on linear transfer functions and ground reaction information. The new control system also includes ankle control, which has not been considered before. The controller was validated in experiments with the new RunBot III. The successful generation of stable walking with the implementation of the novel reflexive robotic controller indicates that the control system has the potential to be used in controlling the strategies in neural prosthesis for the retraining of an efficient and effective gait. To aid of the development of the FES walking system, a reliable and practical gait phase detection system was firstly developed to provide correct ground contact information and trigger timing for the control. The reliability of the system was investigated in experiments with ten able-bodied subjects. Secondly, an automatic FES walking system was implemented, which can apply stimulation to eight muscles (four in each leg) in synchrony with the user’s walking activity. The feasibility and effectiveness of this system for gait assistance was demonstrated with an experiment in seven able-bodied participants. This thesis addresses the feasibility and effectiveness of applying biomimetic robotic control principles to FES control. The interaction among robotic control, biology and FES control in assistive neural prosthesis provides a novel framework to developing an efficient and effective control system that can be applied in various control applications.
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Quast, Dieter Tegel Wilhelm Düwel Klaus. "Die frühalamannische und merowingerzeitliche Besiedlung im Umland des Runden Berges bei Urach /." Stuttgart : K. Theiss, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40142980x.
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Wang, Runyu [Verfasser]. "International Law on Antarctic Mineral Resource Exploitation / Runyu Wang." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136247912/34.
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Bianchi, Marco. "Runor som resurs : Vikingatida skriftkultur i Uppland och Södermanland." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121586.
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The Viking Age rune-carvers and their readers used runes as a semiotic resource to convey and structure the messages on rune-stones. An analysis of the ways in which this resource is used together with other resources gives us a deeper insight into the relationship between writers and readers and into the written culture in which the rune-stones were produced. The present study treats runic carvings as multimodal texts in which different semiotic modes produce meaning by visual and verbal means. The roles played by runes in such texts are studied from three different perspectives. The empirical study in chapter 3 investigates how the verbal messages of the inscriptions interrelate with ornamental compositions. The most important convention found is that runic inscriptions usually start in the lower left part of the ornamental band in which they are inscribed. A second result is that there is a certain correlation between the visual and syntactic structure of runic texts. In chapter 4, Södermanlandic inscriptions employing more than one writing system are investigated. These carvings can be tied to a context of high social ambition in which at least two different, socially stratified discourses are expressed by means of the runes as a visual semiotic mode. Chapter 5 is devoted to non-lexical inscriptions, showing that such carvings are indeed runic texts despite their lack of verbal message. Different types of readers can use runic resources in different ways. Firstly, runes carry meaning independent of any verbal message, giving them significance even to illiterate readers. Secondly, literate readers can appreciate certain conventions of runic composition and, thirdly, one and the same runic text can be part of different discourses and hence be aimed at different kinds of readers.Disputationen sker på norska och svenska
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Runnion, Brett Matthew. "Evidence for unconscious thought in complex decisions the result of a methodological artifact or of an active thought process /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/runnion/RunnionB0509.pdf.
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Previous research has suggested that a period of unconscious thought can result in judgments that are equal or superior to those of conscious thought (Dijksterhuis, 2004). The existence of unconscious thought as a decision-making process is controversial. In fact, it has been suggested that unconscious thought is not a process rather the evidence supporting it is the result of a methodological artifact (Lassiter et al., in press) that only occurs when participants can retrieve online judgments. This thesis attempts to resolve this controversy. Participants received information describing 4 cars (acquisition stage) that were described by twelve dichotomous attributes (e.g., good/poor mileage). The best car possessed mostly positive characteristics and the worst car had mostly negative characteristics. Participants were told before or after the information was presented, that they would be forming an impression of the four cars. They were then allowed to think about the cars consciously for 4 minutes, were distracted for 4 minutes (unconscious thought), or were asked to make an immediate decision without thinking. When the instructions to form an impression were received before acquiring the information, the participants could form online judgments during acquisition. These could later be retrieved when participants reported their attitudes. When the instructions to form an impression were received after participants acquired the information, they could not form online judgments, but could form only memory-based judgments after the information was presented. Without online judgments, participants are forced to rely on memory-based judgments. Thus, if participants in the unconscious-thought condition formed more favorable attitudes toward the best car relative to the attitudes formed by the participants in the other two conditions, a thought process must be occurring. Additionally, these attitudes should transfer to choosing the best car as well. However, the results of this thesis failed to replicate previous research (Lassiter et al., in press) as the dependent measures failed to reach significance.
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Palm, Rune. "Runor och regionalitet : studier av variation i de nordiska minneskrifterna /." Uppsala : Uppsala Univ, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35749223g.
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Doktorsavhandling--Institutionen för nordiska språk--Stockholm, 1992.Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Runes and regionality : studies of variation in the Scandinavian commemorative inscriptions. Résumé en anglais.
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Palm, Rune. "Runor och regionalitet : studier av variation i de nordiska minnesinskrifterna." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1992. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-106869.
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Pettersson, Kristina. "En studie i lustfyllt lärande i år 5-6 om runor." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Arts, Craft and Design, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6334.
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Syftet med studien var att jag skulle få djupare kunskap om min egen undervisning och vad som påverkar elevers lärande, samtidigt som jag ställde mig frågorna vad som bidrar till ett lustfyllt lärande för eleverna, vad som påverkar undervisningen så att eleverna tycker det är roligt att lära sig och varför det blev mer lustfyllt och roligt att lära sig i arbetet om runor.
Metoden jag använt mig av är av både kvalitativ karaktär, där jag själv har varit med som lärare i undersökningen, och kvantitativ karaktär, där ett resultat av elevernas svar har redovisats i en enkät. Undersökningen bygger på en dokumentation av ett arbetsområde om runor och en enkät utformad med 28 stycken s.k. skalfrågor.
Resultatet av enkäten visar på att 91 % av eleverna var positiva till arbetet med runor vilket kunde bero på variationen i arbetssätt och metoder och att eleverna använt alla sinnen under tiden de arbetat om runor. Eleverna har arbetat både teoretiskt (55 % positiva) och praktiskt (98 % positiva) vilket visar på att eleverna har blivit tillgodosedda avseende sin individuella intelligens som Gardner (2000) menar varje människa har.
Det har varit spännande och givande att studera ingående vad jag gjort och vilken effekt mitt handlande har givit. Det är inte ofta jag har tid att analysera och följa upp min undervisning på det sätt jag kunnat göra här. Jag ser på resultatet att det är viktigt att jag stannar upp och tänker efter och reflekterar över undervisningens vad, hur, varför, när och var.
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Stille, Leif. "Samband mellan hällbilder och runor? : Samlokaliseringar och gemensamma symboliseringar av levnadsvärlden." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46487.
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Författaren till denna uppsats har ett brett allmänt intresse av alla tänkbara relationer mellan hällbilder och runor ur ett vitt spektrum av aspekter såsom kronologiska, kulturella, epokmässiga, geografiska, semiotiska, språkfunktionella och skrifthistoriska. Särskilt intressant vore att kartlägga och analysera, hur hällbilder och runor kan symboliskt uttrycka religiösa, rituella, kosmologiska och livsåskådningsmässiga föreställningar och ideal. Andra viktiga faktorer, som måste beaktas, är kulturkontinuitet och hur forntidens människor såg på sina ännu äldre föregångares kultur, föreställningar och livsföring. Uppsatsen måste dock begränsa sig att främst behandla två specialområden dels lokaler med överlappande förekomster av hällristningar och runor, dels en jämförelse mellan runnamnens semantiska sfärer och symboliseringar av väsentliga delar i livsvärlden hos de mest frekventa skandinaviska hällbildsfigurstyperna. De frågor uppsatsen vill besvara är primärt: 1/ Vilka samlokaliseringar av hällbilder och runor finns det? 2/ Verkar runinskrifterna på dessa samlokaliseringar kommentera eller anspela på hällbilderna och i så fall hur? 3/ Vilka semantiska sfärer representerar runnamnen och vilka komponenter i de dåtida människornas levnadsvärld refererar de till? 4/ Finns det hällbildsfigurer, som rimligen kan sägas symbolisera samma levnadsvärldskomponenter som runorna? För att besvara dessa frågor presenteras: A/ fem samlokaliseringar av hällbilder och runor; B/ tolkningar av samspelet mellan de fem lokalernas hällbilder och runor; C/ en genomgång av de äldre runnamnens betydelser; D/ förslag på hällbildsfigurer, som symboliskt skulle motsvara runnamnen. En angenäm effekt av denna uppsats vore, om den kunde leda till en rekategorisering av hällbildernas motiv och symboler utifrån runsystemets förutsatta levnadsvärld och kosmologi..The author of this thesis has a broad general interest in all imaginable relations between rock art and runes out of a wide spectrum of aspects such as cronological, cultural, epochic, geografic, semiotic, linguistic and the history of writing. It would be specially interesting to describe (map down) and analyse how rock art and runes in a symbolic way can express beliefs and ideals out of a religious, ritual and cosmological conception of life. Other important considerations are continuity of culture and how ancient people looked at the culture, beliefs, ideas and living of their ancesters. This thesis has to be limited to deal with two areas, firstly lokacations with overlapping occurrence of rock art and runes and secondly a comparison of the semantic sphere of the names of the runes and symbolizations of important parts of life that can be seen in the most frequently occurring Scandinavian types of rock art figures. The thesis primarily wants to answer the following questions: 1) Which common localisations of rock art and runes are there? 2) Do the runes in these colocalization seem to comment or allude to the rock art? If so, in what way? 3) Which semantic spheres do the names of the runes represent and to which components in the life world of the ancient people do they refere? 4) Are there rock art figures who probably can be said to symbolize the same components of life world as the runes? To answer these questions I will present: A) five common lokalisations of rock art and runes. B) interpretations of the interaction of the rock art and runes in these five lokalisations. C) a catalogue of the meanings of the names of the older runes. D) proposals concerning rock art figures which in a symbolic way could correspond the rune names. A pleasant effect of this thesis would be, if it could leed to a recategorization of the motives and symbols of rock art from the provided life world and cosmology of the runes.
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Eichel, Linda Patricia [Verfasser], and Rainald [Akademischer Betreuer] Knecht. "Intratympanale Kortisonapplikation am runden Fenster bei Patienten mit akutem Hörverlust / Linda Patricia Eichel. Betreuer: Rainald Knecht." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/103036544X/34.
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Andermahr, Nicholas Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Ziegler, and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Pulsfort. "Zum hydraulischen Grundbruch in runden Baugruben mit Einsatz von Entspannungsbohrungen / Nicholas Andermahr ; Martin Ziegler, Matthias Pulsfort." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1231957786/34.
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Andersson, Lina. "Runornas och Rökstenens historia : En litteraturgenomgång." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Humanities (HUM), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4369.
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Uppsatsen ger en överblick över runornas bakgrund och forskning kring runorna och dels att ge en beskrivning av rökstenen och dess historia samt olika forskares tolkningar av stenen. Uppsatsen avslutas med en analys och diskussion av rökstenens olika tolkares förklaring av stenens skrift
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Fontana, Juliane 1983. "Avaliação da influencia do suporte na hidrogenação do adipato de dimetila por catalisadores RunSn." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267113.
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Orientadores: Elizabete Jordão, Wagner Alves CarvalhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a influência dos suportes La2O3, TiO2, SiO2 e Nb2O5 na hidrogenação do adipato de dimetila (ADM) para obtenção do 1,6-hexanodiol por catalisadores a base de rutênio na presença do promotor estanho. Reações de hidrogenação de ácidos e ésteres dicarboxílicos são tidas como complexas devido à possibilidade de ocorrência de inúmeros produtos relacionados a reações laterais. Geralmente, os processos industriais são conduzidos sob condições de pressão e temperatura de 150 atm e 250°C. Assim, torna-se interessante o desenvolvimento de catalisadores específicos e que atuem em condições mais brandas de processo. Os catalisadores foram preparados pelo método de co-impregnação, calcinados e reduzidos a 400°C. Os testes catalíticos foram realizados a 255°C e 50 atm. Os produtos da reação foram quantificados e identificados por CG e CG-MS. Análises de difração de raios X (DRX) revelaram a titânia utilizada é da fase rutilo e, portanto menos suscetível ao efeito SMSI. Além disso, identificou-se a presença de La(OH)3 no óxido de lantânia, também evidenciada por análise termogravimétrica (TGA). Os testes catalíticos e as análises por redução a temperatura programada (TPR) revelam grande influência do suporte sobre a formação da fase ativa, assim como na redutibilidade das espécies metálicas, que foi atribuído a diferentes níveis de interação dos metais com os suportes. No sistema RuSn/La2O3, a interação metal-suporte prevaleceu, dificultando a redução dos metais, não favorecendo o desempenho do catalisador, que apresentou baixa atividade e seletividade ao diol (9,7%). Tal comportamento é explicado pela supressão da formação de espécies iônicas de Sn que contribuiriam na ativação da ligação C=O, além do possível recobrimento dos sítios metálicos não ativos de óxidos de estanho, diminuindo a taxa de hidrogenação. Nos sistemas RuSn/TiO2, os resultados indicam a criação de uma nova fase, possivelmente uma liga metálica, apresentando conversão de 51,5%, porém com seletividade ao diol de 19%. Já os catalisadores suportados em SiO2 e Nb2O5 apresentaram seletividades ao diol bastante promissoras 59 e 50%, com conversões de 57 e 28%, respectivamente, indicando que as fases ativas criadas na interface metal-suporte são adequadas à hidrogenação do grupo éster no ADM. A presença de espécies positivamente carregadas de estanho atuando como sítios ácidos de Lewis pode ser considerada responsável pela interação com o oxigênio das carbonilas. Desse modo, verifica-se que um efeito sinérgico entre promotor e suporte é fundamental para contribuir com a produção do diol.
Abstract: The present work evaluates the influence of RuSn catalyst supported on La2O3, TiO2, SiO2 and N2O5 at dimethyl adipate (DMA) hydrogenation to obtain 1,6-hexanodiol. Diols are obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of dicarboxilic acids and their esters. The relative low polarity of carbonyl groups in such compounds and the possibility of a wide range of intermediate products formation reveal the reaction complexity. Commonly, the manufacturing diol processes require drastic conditions of pressure and temperature, about 240°C and 150 atm. The development of a more active catalyst under mild reaction conditions has been getting attention. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation method, calcined and reduced at 400°C. The reactions were carried out in liquid phase in a PARR high pressure reactor at 255°C and 50 atm. Samples were analysed by gas chromatography. X-ray diffraction (XDR) indicates a rutile phase on titania that is less susceptible to SMSI effect. It also identified the presence of La(OH)3 in lanthanium oxide, by termogravimetric analyses (TGA), too. Catalytic test and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) show great support influence on active phase formation, as well as on the reducibility of metallic species, which was attributed to different kinds of interaction among metals and support. To the RuSn/La2O3 catalyst, the metal-support interaction is more important, difficulting the metal reduction at lower temperatures and the catalyst performance, that presented low activity and diol selectivity (9,7%). This behaviour is explained by suppression of ionic tin formation that could contribute to C=O bond activation, besides the possibility of recovering of metallic sites with not active tin oxides. The results with RuSn/TiO2 indicate the creation of a new phase, possibly a RuSn alloy, with conversion of 51,5%, but 19% of diol selectivity. On the other hand, the catalysts supported on SiO2 and Nb2O5 show higher selectvities to diol, 59 and 50% and conversion of 57 and 28%, respectively, indicating that the new active phases formed at metalsupport interface are able to hydrogenate the DMA ester group. The presence of positively charged tin species acting as Lewis acid sites could be considered as responsible for the carbonyl activation. It is also verified that a synergic effect between promoter and support is extremely important to the 1,6-hexanodiol formation.
Mestrado
Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica
Mestre em Engenharia Química
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Giglmeier, Helene. "Neue {RuNO}6- und Ruthenium(II)-Komplexe mit Bioliganden." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-131531.
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Karlsson, Thomas. "Götisk kabbala och runisk alkemi Johannes Bureus och den götiska esoterismen /." Stockholm : Institutionen för etnologi, religionshistoria och genusstudier, Stockholms universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37152.
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Qiu, Runan [Verfasser]. "Effects of nucleoside analogues on protein expression in cells of the SerW3 cell line / Runan Qiu." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1062536800/34.
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Durstewitz, Mirjam [Verfasser]. "Überprüfung der Auswirkungen dreieckiger Zitzengummis in runden Becherhülsen auf das Milchabgabeverhalten, Zitzenhautkondition und Neuinfektionsrate in einem automatischen Melksystem / Mirjam Durstewitz." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1004107048/34.
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Ingham, Nigel William. "Organisational change and resistance : an oral history of the rundown of a long-stay institution for people with learning difficulties." Thesis, Open University, 2011. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54870/.
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The thesis explores the rundown process of one large long-stay hospital for people with learning difficulties in the north west of England during the later years of the twentieth century. It does this through a multi-voiced account which draws on oral history interview and documentary data relating to managers, staff and relatives. This polyphonic approach, focused upon those who had agency in the rundown of the institution, enables an in-depth examination of the processes and meanings of such an immense organisational change. The research found that the contraction of the Royal Albert Hospital, Lancaster was a complex process, involving high levels of managerial acumen, compassion and enthusiasm. However, although presented by those implementing change as being predicated upon sound ethical and ideological principles, the study also indicated that this institutional rundown was shaped significantly by a neo-liberal agenda bound up with imperatives of logistics and cost. Tensions and contradictions associated with the latter were partly reflected in the viewpoints of staff and families who were critical of elements of the policy and practice of organisational downsizing. The oral history data in particular suggests, however, that these oppositional perspectives were discredited and distanced within the constraints of a dominant organisational narrative which espoused the absolute rightness of institutional closure. Furthermore, this ethically infused rhetoric underplayed the negative impact of the rundown on employees as they experienced insecurities associated with the loss of a meaningful and, in many instances, long-standing workplace. The research contributes to the literature on the social history of learning disability,especially pertaining to institutional closures and deinstitutionalisation; organisational studies (the management of change); deindustrialisation; and oral history methodology.
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Han, Runyuan [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Barth, and Christoph Pascal [Akademischer Betreuer] Hugenschmidt. "Electronic and Geometric Properties of Organic and Metal-Organic Layers / Runyuan Han. Betreuer: Johannes Barth. Gutachter: Johannes Barth ; Christoph Pascal Hugenschmidt." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079001921/34.
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SOUZA, RAMON DE ATTAYDE BARROS DE. "EVALUATION OF PRESENCE OF HEBICIDE PARAQUAT IN RUNNOF IN WATERSHED BOM JARDIM WITH MODELLING AND SIMULATION WITH SIG (GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15130@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEsta tese propõe avaliar a presença do herbicida paraquat no escoamento superficial, ocorrido na microbacia do Córrego Pito Aceso, localizada em Bom Jardim-RJ, utilizando inicialmente uma etapa de modelagem e, posteriormente, uma etapa de simulação com SIG (Sistema de Informação Geográfica). A etapa da modelagem foi desenvolvida especificamente para cinco parcelas padrão Wischmeier, considerando suas respectivas culturas, manejo, tipo de solo e os seguintes parâmetros de influência no escoamento: interceptação do pesticida pela cultura, sorção do pesticida no solo. O fator de declividade da bacia hidrográfica foi considerado apenas para a etapa de simulação com SIG. Os resultados foram representados através de índices e concentrações de paraquat presente no escoamento e, posteriormente validados, através de dados reais medidos na área de estudo, e analisados pela EMBRAPA SOLOS. Uma vez validados, os resultados das parcelas foram georeferenciados em mapas poligonais e matriciais, através do software Arcgis 9.2, dando início, assim, a etapa de simulação dos resultados para toda a bacia hidrográfica. Pretende-se, ao final, avaliar o grau de influencia de alguns parâmetros considerados, tais como: interceptação do paraquat pela cultura e declividade da bacia hidrográfica. Os resultados das concentrações do paraquat (presente no escoamento) poderão em trabalhos futuros, serem comparados com os padrões mínimos aceitáveis para segurança ambiental, objetivando estabelecer limites de uso do paraquat em bacias hidrografias similares. Espera-se também, o desenvolvimento e aplicação da mesma modelagem utilizada nessa tese, para outros tipos de pesticidas aplicados e em diferentes bacias hidrográficas.
This study proposes to evaluate the presence of the herbicide paraquat in runoff water in a catchment in the municipality of Bom Jardim – RJ, using two steps: modelling and simulation with GIS (Geographical Information System). The step of modelling was developed specifically for five standarded Wischmeier scenarios, considering the respective crops, management, soil type and the following parameters: culture interception and soil of the sorption. The slope was considered only for the simulation steps of the GIS. The results were represented as rates paraquat concentrations in runoff and afterwards validated with real data measured in the study area and analysed by EMBRAPA SOLOS. After validation, the scenario results was georeferenced as raster images using the Arcgis Software 9.2, beginning the result simulation step for the watershed. The aim is also to evaluate the influence of some parameters: paraquat interception by the crop and slop of the catchmente. The results of paraquat concentrations in the runoff can, in the future , be compared with accepted standards for environmental safety, defining thereshobes limits of paraquat use in similar watersheds. We also expect the development and application of the same modeling approach used in this study for other types of pesticides and in different watersheds.
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Tikkanen, Sofia. "Who´s who? : Kreativitet, personlighet och att arbeta kreativt." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24620.
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I dagens samhälle blir kreativitet och nytänkande allt viktigare för företags överlevnad och konkurrenskraft. Därmed har även behovet av kreativa personer på arbetsplatsen ökat. Studiens syfte var att undersöka om kreativitet, genom Runcos ideational scale, kunde kopplas till något personlighetsdrag i Big Five samt till hur pass kreativt en person arbetar. Detta undersöktes genom en enkät med 66 frågor i 3 delar. Enkäten lämnades ut i både pappersform och som webenkät till ett stort antal företag. Resultaten av totalt 152 enkäter, som analyserades med hjälp av korrelationer och regressioner, bekräftade alla hypoteser utom en; samvetsgrannhet har en negativ korrelation med kreativitet. Även oväntade kopplingar kunde dras, såsom att det fanns en positiv korrelation mellan vänlighet och hur pass kreativt en person arbetar. Studien resulterade i slutsatsen att vissa personlighetsdrag har betydelse för hur kreativ en person är samt hur pass kreativt en person arbetar.Sofia Tikkanen
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Ousbäck, Fredrik. "Rökstenens och futharkens platonska kosmologi : Spåren av antikens idégods hos järnålderns skandinaviska krigarelit." Thesis, Linköping University, Department for Studies of Social Change and Culture, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12506.
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Denna uppsats gör framför allt en textanalys av Rökstenen baserad på en modern historiesyn av den sena järnålderns förhållanden i Skandinavien. Med en sådan kontexuell bakgrund kan ett sameuropeiskt, senantikt idégods användas i en komparativ analys. Utgångspunkten är att Rökstenen manifisterar ett kosmologiskt budskap och att denna kosmologi är en variant av den under perioden alenarådande platonska harmoniska kosmologin. Även futharken analyseras från samma utgångspunkt.
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Yan, Runyu [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Antonietti. "Nitrogen-doped and porous carbons towards new energy storage mechanisms for supercapacitors with high energy density / Runyu Yan ; Betreuer: Markus Antonietti." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1219078069/34.
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Holm, Carita. "Sexuella runinskrifter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201511.
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De sexuella runinskrifterna på lösföremål i det medeltida Norden har ett fascinerande innehåll och ordval. Mig veterligt finns inget samlat verk sedan tidigare om dessa, vilket gör att jag med min uppsats kan bredda runologin i det avseendet. Här går jag igenom sexuella inskrifter, tolkningar och översättningar samt diskuterar skriftbruket i en tid då runskriften levde sida vid sida med latinskrift. Syftet har varit att vara så rakt på sak som möjligt i presentationen av runinskrifterna. Materialet innefattar ett 50-tal inskrifter, vilka finns samlade i ett inskriftsregister längst bak. Futharkinskrifternas dubbla budskap, fuþ för <fuþark> eller fvn. fuð 'fitta', måste ha varit allmänt känt blandrunristarna. Det övriga materialet, direkt sexuella anspelningar med ett explicit språkbruk, med ord som betyder 'kuk', 'fitta' och 'rövknulla', är en relativt liten del som ytterligare tydliggör det grafittirelaterade syftet med ristningarna.
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Holm, Michael. "Från symbol till bokstäver och grundläggande typografi." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33086.
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Syftet med examensarbetet var att slutresultatet skulle utmynna i en lärobok. Boken heter Bokstavens historia och grundläggande typografi och är tänkt i första hand för gymnasieelever som har en inriktning mot n´medie-ämnenoch speciellt de som har grafisk kommunikation. Boken består av två huvudteman. Den första delen behandlar den västerländska bokstavens historia och i den andra tar jag upp grundläggande typografi. För att sammanställa boken så har jag gjortlitteraturstudier för att få mer kunskap om bokstävernas historia och typografi. Boken finns endast tillgänglig i ett pdf-fromat och som InDesign-dokument.
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Ramírez-Fischer, Patricia Alejandra. "„Von der repräsentativen zur partizipativen Demokratie. Zur politischen Mitwirkung von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern unter erwachsenenpädagogischen Aspekten am Beispiel des ‚Politischen Runden Tisches’ von San Carlos de Bariloche“." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-201213.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Frage, wie die Bürger im Rahmen einer partizipativen Demokratie Einfluss auf die Gestaltung der Politik nehmen können. Dabei wird ermittelt, inwieweit die bürgerliche Partizipation unter der Perspektive der Erwachsenenpädagogik. zur Kompetenzentwicklung auf individuellem und kollektivem Niveau beitragen kann. Der Untersuchung liegt der Studienfall des Politischen Runden Tisches zugrunde, der sich im Jahr 2002 in der Stadt San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentinien, konstituierte. Auffallend für die Autorin, die als Moderatorin an diesem partizipativen Experiment teilhatte, waren die Veränderungen, die sie sowohl bei den Personen als auch bei den teilnehmenden Gruppen und Organisationen beobachtete. Vor dem Hintergrund der Erfahrungen, die in diesem Experiment gemacht wurden, möchte die Arbeit zeigen, wie zivilgesellschaftliche Partizipation zur Wiederherstellung des sozialen Friedens in der Stadt und zur Weiterentwicklung demokratischer Organisationsformen in der Stadtgesellschaft beitragen konnte. Methodologisch gründet sich die Untersuchung auf die Analyse des Studienfalles. Die Arbeit orientierte sich an zwei grundsätzlichen Strategien: Die hermeneutische Herangehensweise zum Verständnis des Kontextes und die qualitativ-empirische Methodik, ausgehend von Experteninterviews mit den Beteiligten und die qualitative Auswertung der dabei vorgenommenen Aufzeichnungen. Die der Untersuchung zugrundeliegende Analyse umfasst drei Dimensionen: Zum ersten die Dimension der individuellen und kollektiven Entwicklung der am partizipativen Prozess Beteiligten; zum zweiten die auf die Rolle der Moderation von Gruppen in partizipativen Prozessen bezogene Dimension; und drittens die Dimension der politisch ausgerichteten Partizipation und deren Auswirkung. In einem erweiterten Kontext gehört dazu die Diskussion der Frage, welchen Beitrag die Erwachsenenpädagogik – und hier insbesondere die erwachsenen¬pädagogische Moderation - zur Unterstützung dieser Prozesse leisten kann. Die Erlangung von individuellen und kollektiven Kompetenzen wird neben dem Erwerb anderer Lerninhalte als essentieller Bestandteil der partizipativen Dynamik wie auch als Ergebnis der partizipativen Prozesse identifiziert. Darauf beruht die Bedeutung der eingesetzten erwachsenenpädagogischen Maßnahmen in allen diversen Organisationsformen, deren Ziel darin besteht, das Profil des Bürgers zu prägen, der in der Lage ist, in vollgültiger Beteiligung auf die Politik einzuwirken und auf diese Weise seine Lebensqualität zu verbessern. Unter der Voraussetzung, dass die Bürger das entsprechende Profil besitzen, das sie zur Partizipation befähigt, werden im weiteren Verlauf die Bedingungen aufgezeigt, die einen erfolgreichen Aufruf zur Partizipation ausmachen und sicherstellen, dass eine effektive Einflussnahme auf die Politik zustande kommt. Damit im Zusammenhang werden Empfehlungen gemacht hinsichtlich der Organisation der Partizipation, sowohl aus dem Blickwinkel des Bürgers wie auch demjenigen der Vertreter der staatlichen Organe. Leitend ist dabei das Ziel, mit Hilfe einer verstärkten Partizipation die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Staat und Zivilgesellschaft herzustellen. Zugleich werden die Herausforderungen identifiziert, die in der Organisationskultur der staatlichen Einrichtungen angegangen werden müssen, damit diese sich in ihrem Management und ihrer Gesetzgebung den Konsequenzen anpassen können, die sich aus der bürgerlichen Partizipation ergeben. Herausgestellt werden insbesondere die Möglichkeiten, die sich in den Nachbarschaftsvereinigungen als der einfachsten Form basisdemokratischer Organisation bieten, um Partizipation zu praktizieren und in die Politik hineinzuwirken. Ihre Stärkung auf dem Wege der Gründung von Einrichtungen bürgerschaftlicher Fortbildung wird als dringende Aufgabe für die Erwachsenenpädagogik erkannt. Zugleich werden mit derselben Blickrichtung Empfehlungen für die Organisationen der Zivilgesellschaft im Allgemeinen wie auch für die politischen Parteien im Besonderen gemacht. Gezeigt wird, wie aus dem Zusammenwirken von Initiativen und Projekten aus unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Sektoren ein Nährboden für die überfällige Veränderung bzw. Neugestaltung politischer Prozesse entstehen kann. Außerdem werden zwei Vorschläge zur Verbesserung des Wahlsystems dargelegt, um zu erreichen, dass dieses mit dem Modell einer partizipativen Demokratie zur Übereinstimmung kommt. Den Moderatoren kommt dabei vor allem die Aufgabe zu, die Lernprozesse der Bürger mit ihren spezifischen Kenntnissen erwachsenenpädagogischer Methodik zu unterstützen. Dies wird erreicht mit Hilfe von Fortbildungsmaßnahmen, die Bestandteil der Planung der partizipativen Prozesse sein müssen. Unter den dabei zu behandelnden Themen ist, wie im Laufe der Arbeit an verschiedenen Stellen gezeigt wird, die Ausübung eines „expansiven“ statt eines „akkumulativen“ Verständnisses von Macht hervorzuheben. Desweiteren ist die Rolle der Moderatoren in der Vorbereitung der Partizipation von Belang hinsichtlich der Herbeiführung von Bedingungen, die eine effiziente und ausgeglichene Partizipation gewährleisten. Im Verlauf des Gruppenprozesses muss der Moderator auf unvorhergesehene Situationen eingehen, wie zum Beispiel aufkommende Spannungen; versteckte Interessen; Erwartungen und Befürchtungen; unterschiedliche Grade von Motivation, Information und Vertrauen; sowie offensichtlich nicht zu vereinbarende Verhaltensmuster. In diesem Zusammenhang werden verschiedene Eingriffe mit dem spezifischen Instrumentarium des Moderators analysiert. Ihnen kommt eine Schlüsselfunktion zu, damit die Teilnehmer den partizipativen Prozess als eine positive und erfolgreiche Erfahrung erleben. Die Aussagen zu den mittelfristigen Perspektiven der Erwachsenenpädagogik beziehen sich auf ihre Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten als Wissenschaft im Zusammenhang mit der Heranbildung eines aktiven und kompetenten Staatsbürgertums. Die Beiträge der Erwachsenenpädagogik zur Entwicklung der Personen, der Gruppen, der Organisationen und der Systeme weisen dieser Wissenschaft eine Hauptrolle als Instrument im Prozess der Demokratieentwicklung zuEl presente estudio examina la cuestión sobre cómo los ciudadanos pueden incidir en políticas públicas en el contexto de una democracia participativa y qué aporte hace la participación ciudadana al desarrollo de capacidades en los niveles individual y colectivo, desde la perspectiva de la pedagogía de adultos. La investigación se basa en el estudio del caso de la Mesa de Concertación de Políticas Públicas de la ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche, en Argentina, que se conformó en 2002. A la autora, que participó como moderadora de esta experiencia participativa, le llamaron la atención los cambios que observó en las personas, los grupos, y las organizaciones. En ese marco de experiencias ganadas, el trabajo quiere mostrar cómo la participación de la sociedad civil pudo contribuir a la recuperación de la paz social en la ciudad y al desarrollo de formas de organización de la democracia en la comunidad. La metodología de la investigación se basó en el análisis de caso. El trabajo se guió por dos estrategias fundamentales: El acceso hermenéutico para entender el contexto y el acceso empírico cualitativo, a partir de entrevistas a expertos con los involucrados y el análisis cualitativo de los registros documentales del caso. El análisis de la investigación abarca tres dimensiones. La dimensión I se refiere a los desarrollos individuales y colectivos de quienes participan. La dimensión II analiza el rol de la moderación de grupos en los procesos de participación. La dimensión III aborda el tema de la participación política y su impacto. En un contexto más amplio, tiene lugar la discusión de la pregunta sobre qué contribución puede ofrecer la pedagogía de adultos – y aquí especialmente la moderación desde esa perspectiva – para apoyar esos procesos. La adquisición de capacidades individuales y colectivas, así como la obtención de otros contenidos de aprendizaje son identificadas como parte esencial de la dinámica y también como resultado de los procesos participativos. De allí la importancia de las intervenciones de la pedagogía de adultos en toda forma de organización, con el objetivo de formar el perfil del ciudadano que pueda incidir en política con participación plena, aumentando a través de ello su calidad de vida. Partiendo del hecho de que los ciudadanos tienen el perfil adecuado para participar, se identifican a continuación las condiciones para que sean convocados con éxito y puedan efectivamente influir en política. Se incluyen recomendaciones para la organización de la participación, tanto desde la perspectiva del ciudadano como desde la de los representantes del gobierno. El objetivo es construir cooperación entre el Estado y la sociedad civil, con la ayuda de una participación fortalecida. Al mismo tiempo, se identifican los desafíos que la cultura organizacional tiene que atender en los diferentes estamentos del Estado, para adaptarse a las consecuencias que tiene la participación ciudadana para su gestión y su legislación. Muy especialmente se destacan las posibilidades que ofrecen las juntas vecinales, como organización básica de la democracia, para la práctica de la participación y la incidencia en política. Su fortalecimiento a través de la creación de es¬cuelas de ciudadanía es presentado como una tarea inminente para la pedagogía de adultos. Al mismo tiempo se hacen recomendaciones en la misma línea para las organizaciones sociales en general y los partidos políticos en particular. Se muestra además cómo la sinergia de iniciativas y proyectos de diferentes sectores sociales, puede dar lugar al surgimiento de cambios o reformas adeudadas de procesos políticos. Adicionalmente se incluyen dos propuestas para la mejora del sistema electoral, para que el mismo funcione en coherencia con el modelo de democracia participativa. A los moderadores de los grupos les compete sobre todo apoyar los procesos de aprendizaje de los ciudadanos, con los conocimientos propios del método de la pedagogía de adultos. Esto lo logran a través de acciones de capacitación que deben formar parte del diseño de los procesos participativos. Entre los temas a abordar se enfatiza una comprensión „expansiva“ en lugar de una „acumulativa“ del ejercicio del poder, lo que se muestra en diferentes partes del trabajo. También se destaca el rol de los moderadores en la preparación de la participación, para que estén dadas las condiciones que favorezcan una participación efectiva y equitativa. Durante el proceso grupal, el moderador atiende tensiones, intereses ocultos, expectativas y temores, diferentes niveles de motivación, de información y de confianza, y paradigmas aparentemente irreconciliables. En este contexto, se analizan diferentes intervenciones propias de su técnica que son clave para que el proceso participativo sea vivido por los participantes como una experiencia positiva y exitosa. Los resultados sobre las perspectivas a mediano plazo de la pedagogía de adultos se refieren a sus posibilidades de desarrollo como ciencia en relación con la formación de la ciudadanía. Las contribuciones de la pedagogía de adultos para el desarrollo de las personas, los grupos, las organizaciones y los sistemas le atribuyen a esta ciencia un protagonismo como instrumento en los procesos de desarrollo de la democracia
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ELHAMDANI, ABDELADIM. "Etude electrophysiologique des effets du ca intracellulaire et des nucleotides sur la facilitation et le rundown du courant ca dans les cellules chromaffines de buf en culture primaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR13126.
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L'evolution du courant calcique evoque par une depolarisation des cellules chromaffines montre un accroissement de l'amplitude du courant (facilitation) suivi de sa decroissance (rundown). Le rundown du courant calcique est un processus independant de la concentration de ca intracellulaire. Il se manifeste avec une constante de temps =0,28 min##1 a quatre concentrations differentes de ca intracellulaire entre 10##9 et 10##5 m. Par contre, la facilitation est plus precoce aux fortes concentrations (10##6 ou 10##5 m). L'atp-mg retarde le rundown et rallonge la facilitation; le mecanisme de l'atp-mg sur l'evolution du courant calcique passe par son hydrolyse en adp+pi puisque l'amp-pnp (analogue d'atp qui ne cede pas sans phosphate ) ne reproduit pas l'effet de l'atp. Par ailleurs, l'absence de mg#2#+ abolit l'effet de l'atp. Les produits de l'hydrolyse de l'atp-mg agissent separement sur la facilitation et le rundown du courant calcique. Le transfert du pi sur le canal ca ou une proteine regulatrice est a l'origine du rallongement de la facilitation puisque celle-ci est acceleree par des inhibiteurs des proteines kinases a ou c (pki ou h7). Par ailleurs, la stabilisation du courant calcique et le retard du rundown par l'atp-mg sont reproduits par l'adp-mg. Nous supposons que le mecanisme d'action de l'atp-mg sur l'evolution du courant calcique passe par une autophosphorylation au niveau du canal ca avec un site de liaison pour l'adp-mg dont l'occupation permet de maintenir le canal ca a l'etat ouvert. L'adp-mg se lie au niveau de son site avec une grande affinite apres le depart du pi (site d'autophosphorylation). Le rundown du courant calcique correspondrait alors au depart de l'adp-mg de son site de liaison
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Martinsson, Kristina. "Åsmund Kåresson från Medelpad." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-54231.
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Åsmund Kåresson is one of our greatest rune stone makers. His ornographic stile was copied by other rune writers. Åsmund also made many stones, around 60. Many scientists took för granted Åsmund was from Uppland, but not Magnus Källström. He saw liknesses in a rune stone from Medelpad, M5, and one from Uppland, U372, dedicated to Åsmund. This essey tries to complement Källströms statement. The rune stone M5 is compared with U372, and since neither one is signed, with U956. As one more attempt to prove Källström being right, I tried to put all Åsmunds stones in right decade, with Gräslunds method. As far I as am concerned, M5 and the stones signed by Åsmund is Gästrikland, is clearly older, than many stones signed/dedicated to Åsmund Kåresson in Uppland. The stones in Gästrikland are so huge and monumental, I asked myself why many Upplandic stones of Åsmund – especially the earlier - was so much simplier. My explaination is, that Åsmund carved runstones as proffessional, and since he was not known i Uppland, he first had to make himslef a namn. Then he could do his big, beautiful, wellcarved and artistic stones, because someone was intrerested in paying him. This - I mean - is another thing, that indicates what Magnus Källström assumed is right: Åsmund Kåresson is from Medelpad, learned to carve inEn arkeologisk uppsats om den store runristaren med sin egna stil
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Andriani, Karla Furtado. "Estudo teórico da interação {RuNO}n em nitrosilo complexos de rutênio como potenciais liberadores de óxido nítrico." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/103489.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Florianópolis, 2013.Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-16T21:01:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 317262.pdf: 2488762 bytes, checksum: e0d308cca4d58a9cf3e3b9436ac5844f (MD5)
Foram estudados neste trabalho as estruturas eletrônicas de nitrosilo complexos de rutênio do tipo cis-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(N)1-4]2+ com N=amônia, 2,2-bipiridina, 1,10-fenantrolina e 1,4,8,11-tetraazociclodetradecano e do tipo trans-[Ru(NO)(L)(cyclam)]3+ com L=ligante trans ao grupo NO e cyclam=1,4,8,11-tetraazociclotetradecano, nos estados fundamental e metaestáveis, antes e após redução monoeletrônica. Nitrosilo complexos de rutênio têm sido utilizados como fármacos devido a sua capacidade de liberar óxido nítrico, ocasionando muitas vezes, danos irreversíveis ao DNA e a estrutura celular. A liberação de NO0 dos complexos metálicos foi investigada pelo estudo da interação RuNO n, nos estados fundamental ( 1-NO) e metaestáveis ( 1-ON e 2-NO), através de análises energéticas, Su-Li EDA, análises topológicas, QTAM e ELF, e por NBO, com os níveis de teoria BP86/Def2-TZVPP, para as otimizações geométricas e frequências vibracionais, e M06/Def2-SVP para os demais cálculos. Os resultados mostraram que a liberação de NO0 do complexo metálico é extremamente dependente da natureza dos co-ligantes. Onde, foi observado que o aumento do caráter r-receptor dos ligantes nos complexos, dificulta a liberação de NO0 do centro metálico tornando a ligação Ru NO termodinamicamente mais estável. Os resultados também sugerem, que a interação RuNO n é afetada pelo isomerismo de ligação nitrosilo-isonitrosilo, tornando a interação mais fraca nos complexos dos estados metaestáveis, com coordenação 1-ON e 2-NO, devido a maior eletronegatividade e maior dureza do átomo de oxigênio, comparado ao átomo de nitrogênio. O isomerismo nitro-nitrito, entretanto, é pouco afetado com o isomerismo nitrosilo-isonitrosilo. Os nitrosilo complexos de rutênio com ligantes tetraazomacrociclos estabilizam melhor a interação RuNO n do que as tetraaminas, no qual a ligação Ru L nos complexos trans-[Ru(NO)(L)(cyclam)]3+ com L=ligante trans ao grupo NO, é estabilizada com o aumento da estabilização da ligação Ru NO em uma mesma série, entretanto, bons liberadores de NO0, mostraram ser ruins liberadores de L, comparando os complexos nos estados metaestáveis entre si.
Abstract : In this present work, the electronic structures of two classes of ni-trosyl ruthenium complexes were studied, cis-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(N)1-4]2+ with N=ammonia, 2,2-bipyridine, 1,10-phenantroline and tetraazacyclotetrade-cane, and trans-[Ru(NO)(L)(cyclam)]3+ with L= trans-ligand to the NO group and cyclam=1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane, at fundamental and metastable states, before and after, monoeletronic reduction. Nitrosyl ruthenium complexes have been used as drugs due their capacity to release nitric oxide, for example, causing irreversible damage to DNA and cellular structure. The release of NO0 of the metal center was investigated by studying {RuNO}n interaction at fundamental (n1-NO) and metastable states (n1-ON and n2-NO) by energy decomposition analysis, Su- Li EDA, topological analysis, such as QTAM and ELF, and also by NBO, at BP86/Def2-TZVPP level of theory for geometrical optimizations and vibrational frequencies, and M06/Def2-SVP level of theory for other calculations. The results showed that the release of NO0 from the metallic com-plex is highly dependent of co-ligands nature. Where it has been observed that increasing of the N £k-receptor character, on complexes such as cis-[Ru (NO)(NO2)(N)1-4]2+, difficults the NO0 liberation from the metal center, making {RuNO}n interaction more stable. The results also suggest that {RuNO}n interaction is affected by the bonding linkage isomerism of nitrosyl group, where these interactions at metastable states are more weaker than on ground state, overdue the higher electronegativity and hardness of oxygen atom when compared to the nitrogen atom coordination. However, nitrite-N-nitrite-O isomerism is not affected by nitrosyl-isonitrosyl isom-erism, where the nitrite-N isomer binds to metallic center weaker than ni-trite-O group. Nitrosyl ruthenium complexes with tetraazamacrocycles as ligands have {RuNO}n interactions more stronger than tetraammines nitrosyl ruthenium complexes, where the Ru-L bond in these complexes, trans-[Ru (NO)(L)(cyclam)]3+, is stabilized with the increase of {RuNO}n interac-tion in the same series, however, the results also indicates that good NO0 releasers complexes are not efficient in release L ligand.
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Strandberg, Mathias. "U-omljud i runöstnordiska steninskrifter : Utbredning och grafisk representation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-425744.
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Sandberg, Viktoria. "Den analfabetiska ön : Om runinskrifternas relation till centralplatser under folkvandringstiden i Sverige." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-48764.
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This essay studies the runic inscriptions from the Migration period in Sweden and their connection to central places. The essays main focus is to identify the find location of the runic inscriptions and through that investigate if they appear in or nearby a central place from the same time period. The essay is divided into three different parts, in the first part I locate the runic inscriptions location of discovery. The second part contains locating defined central places or central areas in or nearby the location of the runic inscriptions. In the last part I separate the runic inscriptions and the objects material on which it is found upon, in order to identify if it is the inscription itself, or the object itself, which can be linked to centrality in the landscape. The result of the study shows that 10 % of the treated runic inscriptions are found in a defined central place during the Migration period in Sweden. 67 % of the runic inscriptions has been found in defined central areas, which all together means that 77 % of the treated runic inscriptions are connected to centrality in the landscape during the Migration period in Sweden. Furthermore, 15 % of the inscriptions can possibly be linked to central areas and the last 8 % show no connection to any sort of centrality in the landscape.
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Aydin, Baran. "Analytical Solutions Of Shallow-water Wave Equations." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613349/index.pdf.
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Analytical solutions for the linear and nonlinear shallow-water wave equations are developed for evolution and runup of tsunamis &ndashlong waves&ndash
over one- and two-dimensional bathymetries. In one-dimensional case, the nonlinear equations are solved for a plane beach using the hodograph transformation with eigenfunction expansion or integral transform methods under different initial conditions, i.e., earthquake-generated waves, wind set-down relaxation, and landslide-generated waves. In two-dimensional case, the linear shallow-water wave equation is solved for a flat ocean bottom for initial waves having finite-crest length. Analytical verification of source focusing is presented. The role of focusing in unexpectedly high tsunami runup observations for the 17 July 1998 Papua New Guinea and 17 July 2006 Java Island, Indonesia tsunamis are investigated. Analytical models developed here can serve as benchmark solutions for numerical studies.
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Westberg, Henrik. "Basinkomst – en modell för Sverige? : En litteraturstudie om vilka resultat som hittills framkommit i de experiment med basinkomst som gjorts runtom i världen, och om ett sådant transfereringssystem skulle kunna passa ”den svenska modellen”." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-134582.
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The purpose of this review is to summarize the experiments that have been presented regarding guaranteed Basic Income, performed around the world; to see if a BI might fit into ”the Swedish model”; and what further research would be needed to understand the mechanics of BI. A theory has been used, designed to compare the effects of cash transfer programs irrespective of economic level of the countries. The experiments show many similarities, such as improved school attendance and achievements, improved health, enhanced economic equality, a sense of inclusion and security, and also, where this has been studied, less crime. Where BI has been beneath the level of economic sustenance a growth of working hours including self employment has been noted, whereas in countries with an income high enough to sustain oneself a slight diminished work supply has been reported. The effects shown in the review seem to be well aligned with the visions of the Swedish welfare state, although might not be in alignment with the growing use of “work fare” in Sweden. Further research should focus on more long-lasting experiments and also to find a common ground, on which to perform them to be able to compare results.
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Fischer, Svante. "Roman Imperialism and Runic Literacy : The Westernization of Northern Europe (150-800 AD)." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6271.
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Adler, Carolin [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Hülsmann, and Sabine [Akademischer Betreuer] Sennhenn-Kirchner. "Vergleichende In-vitro-Studie zur Entfernung der medikamentösen Einlage Kalziumhydroxid aus runden und ovalen Wurzelkanälen. Vergleich von passiver Ultraschallspülung und SAF: Eine Micro-Computertomographie-Studie / Carolin Adler. Gutachter: Michael Hülsmann ; Sabine Sennhenn-kirchner. Betreuer: Michael Hülsmann." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058250361/34.
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Ramírez-Fischer, Patricia Alejandra [Verfasser], Wolffersdorff Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] von, Wolffersdorff Christian [Gutachter] von, Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Knoll, and Ulrich [Gutachter] Klemm. "„Von der repräsentativen zur partizipativen Demokratie. Zur politischen Mitwirkung von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern unter erwachsenenpädagogischen Aspekten am Beispiel des ‚Politischen Runden Tisches’ von San Carlos de Bariloche“ / Patricia Alejandra Ramírez-Fischer ; Gutachter: Christian von Wolffersdorff, Ulrich Klemm ; Christian von Wolffersdorff, Jörg Knoll." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1240480717/34.
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Foskolos, Andreas. "Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Excretion from Ruminants: Targeting the Rumen." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/107885.
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Esta tesis doctoral se llevó a cabo en el marco del proyecto financiado por la Unión Europea Rednex. El objetivo principal de la tesis fue utilizar tecnologías innovadoras aplicadas al rumen para proponer soluciones que pueden reducir la excreción de N en el ganado bovino lechero. Se llevaron a cabo cuatro estudios para evaluar: la espectroscopia de infrarrojo cercano como herramienta para mejorar la precisión en la formulación de raciones en la granja; el uso de anticuerpos policlonales (APs) contra las principal bacterias proteolíticas y desaminadoras en el rumen; y, el uso de compuestos de aceites esenciales (AE) como modificadores de la población microbiana responsable de la degradación de proteínas en el rumen y en forraje de raigrás durante el ensilaje. En el primer estudio, creamos una base de datos de 809 muestras distintas de alimentos frecuentemente utilizados en la alimentación de rumiantes. Parte de los alimentos se analizaron para la degradación de materia seca (MS) y proteína bruta (PB), y una parte más pequeña (n = 100) para la degradación de fibra neutro detergetnte (FND). Todas las muestras fueron escaneadas de 1,100 a 2,500 nm, utilizando un NIRSystems 5000, y se crearon calibraciones para todas las muestras (ALL), los forrajes (FF) y los no forrajes (NF). La degradación efectiva, las fracciones a y b de MS, PB y FND se predijeron bien, y mejoraron después de separación por grupos. La velocidad de la degradación de la MS, PB y FND no se predijo satisfactoriamente por ALL (r2 <0,7). Sin embargo, cuando las muestras se separaron por grupos (FF y NF) la predicción mejoró (r2> 0,7). En el segundo estudio, evaluamos el efecto de la adición de compuestos activos de AE en la degradación de proteínas en ensilados de raigrás. Se prepararon microsilos (n = 74) en bolsas de poliéster con 2,0 kg de forraje fresco de raigrás. Los tratamientos fueron: timol (THY), eugenol (EUG), cinamaldehído (CIN), capsaicina (CAP) y carvacrol (CAR), a 0, 50, 500 y 2,000 mg / kg de forraje fresco. El pH del ensilaje fue mayor de lo esperado (5,5 a 6,6) y se atribuyó al bajo contenido de MS del forraje y la adición de los AE. La adición de THY, EUG y CAR a dosis altas (2,000 mg / kg) redujo la concentración de N-amoniacal, y la adición de CIN2.000 redujo la degradación de la proteína, resultando en silos con 9,7% más de N proteico real. Los compuestos de AE probados afectaron a la degradación de las proteínas y la desaminación del forraje de raigrás durante el ensilaje, pero la dosis efectiva fue demasiado alta para ser aplicado en la práctica. En el tercer estudio, se produjeron en conejos y probaron in vitro APs contra Prevotella ruminicola, Clostridium aminophilum y Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Se llevaron dos experimentos a cabo utilizando la técnica de producción de gas e incubaciones in vitro durante 24 h, y ocho fermentadores de cultivo continuo, para probar los efectos de los APs en la fermentación ruminal a corto y largo plazo, respectivamente. Los tratamientos fueron: control (suero de animales no vacunados), APs contra P. ruminicola, C. aminophilum, P. anaerobius, y una mezcla de APs (1:1:1). La adición de APs no tuvo efecto sobre la fermentación ruminal ni a corto ni a largo plazo. En el cuarto estudio, se evaluaron los efectos de propil-propylthiosulfonato (PTSO), un compuesto organosulfurado estable del ajo, sobre la fermentación ruminal en un sistema de cultivo de doble flujo continuo. En el primer experimento, los tratamientos incluyeron un control negativo sin aditivo, un control positivo con monensina a 12 mg/l y dos dosis de PTSO a 30 mg/l (PTSO30) y 300 mg/l (PTSO300). La adición de PTSO30 no afectó a ninguna de las mediciones, y el PTSO300 disminuyo drásticamente la fermentación de nutrientes. El segundo experimento se llevó a cabo para probar dosis crecientes de PTSO (0, 50, 100 y 150 mg / l) sobre la fermentación microbiana ruminal. Los ácidos grasos volátiles totales y la proporción molar del propionato respondieron cuadráticamente con valores más altos en las dosis intermedias, y la digestibilidad de los nutrientes no se afectó. Los resultados sugieren el potencial de PTSO para modificar la fermentación del rumen en una dirección coherente con la mejora en la utilización de energía.The current PhD thesis was conducted within the framework of the European Union funded project RedNex. The main objective of the thesis was to use novel technologies that target the rumen to propose solutions that may reduce the N excretion from dairy cows. We conducted four studies testing: near infrared spectroscopy as a tool to provide better management for nutrient formulation at the farm; polyclonal antibodies against main proteolytic and deaminating bacteria in the rumen; and essential oil compounds as modifiers of microbial populations responsible for protein degradation in the rumen and ryegrass forage during ensiling. In the first study, we created a large database of 809 different feedstuffs frequently used in ruminant nutrition. Feedstuffs were analyzed for dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation and a smaller part (n = 100) for neutral detergent fibre (NDF) degradation. All samples were scanned from 1,100 to 2,500 nm using a NIRSystems 5000, and calibrations were developed for all (ALL), and forages (FF) and no forage (NF) samples. The effective degradation, a and b fractions of DM, CP and NDF were well predicted and improved by group separation. The rate of degradation of DM, CP and NDF were not satisfactorily predicted for ALL (r2 < 0.7). However, separating samples in FF and NF improved the predictions (r2 > 0.7). In the second study, we evaluated the addition of essential oil (EO) compounds on ryegrass silage protein degradation. Microsilos (n = 74) were prepared in polyester bags with 2.0 kg of fresh ryegrass forage. Treatments were: thymol (THY), eugenol (EUG), cinnamaldehyde (CIN), capsaicin (CAP) and carvacrol (CAR), at 0, 50, 500 and 2,000 mg/kg of fresh forage. Silage pH was higher than expected (5.5 to 6.6) and was attributed to the low DM content of the forage and the addition of EO. The addition of THY, EUG and CAR at the high dose (2,000 mg/kg) reduced ammonia-N concentration, and the addition of CIN2000 had an overall effect on protein degradation resulting in silages with 9.7% higher true protein N. Tested EO compounds affected protein degradation and deamination of ryegrass forage during ensiling, but the effective dose was too high to be applied in practice. In the third study, we produced in rabbits and tested in vitro polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) against Prevotella ruminicola, Clostridium aminophilum and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Two experiments were conducted utilizing the modified gas production and the 24 h batch culture techniques, and 8 dual flow continuous culture fermenters to evaluate the addition of PAbs in short and long term ruminal fermentation, respectively. Treatments were: control (serum of non-immunized animals), PAbs against P. ruminicola, C. aminophilum, P. anaerobius, and a mix of PAbs (1:1:1). The addition of PAbs had no effect on ruminal fermentation in short term or in long term fermentation. In the fourth study, we evaluated, in two experiments, the effects of propyl-propylthiosulfonate (PTSO), a stable organosulfurate compound of garlic, on ruminal fermentation in a dual flow continuous culture system. In experiment 1, treatments included a negative control without additive, a positive control with monensin at 12 mg/l and two doses of PTSO at 30 (PTSO30) and 300 mg/l (PTSO300). The addition of PTSO30 did not affect any of the measurements, and PTSO300 decreased dramatically the fermentation of nutrients. Experiment 2 was conducted to test increasing doses of PTSO (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/l) on rumen microbial fermentation. Total volatile fatty acids and propionate molar proportion responded quadratically with higher values in the intermediate doses, while digestibilities of nutrients were not affected. Results suggest the potential of PTSO to modify rumen fermentation in a direction consistent with better energy utilization.
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Pereswetoff-Morath, Sofia. "Vikingatida runbleck : Läsningar och tolkningar." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-319846.
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Föreliggande avhandling syftar till att utveckla läsningen och tolkningen av inskrifterna på de i dagsläget 46 kända vikingatida runblecken. Målet är att ge en så tydlig bild som möjligt av inskriftsgenren vikingatida runbleck. I detta syfte har upprepade fältundersökningar av runblecken genomförts med stereomikroskop. På grundval av på så vis etablerade nya läsningar föreslås nya tolkningar till de mest problematiska ställena i de tidigare tolkade runblecksinskrifterna. Nya tolkningsförslag ges även för runblecksinskrifter som tidigare har ansetts vara olexikaliska. Utöver nya läsningar och tolkningar resulterar denna studie i en kartläggning av relationen mellan runblecksinskrifternas innehåll och form å den enda sidan och runbleckens fyndmiljöer och utseende å den andra.The aim of this dissertation is to represent as clearly as possible the genre of Viking-Age runic plates by developing readings and interpretations of the inscriptions on the 46 metal plates with runes from the Viking Age known today. Several investigations of the runic plates have been conducted with a stereomicroscope for this purpose. On the basis of the new readings thus established, new interpretations have been proposed for the most problematic sections of previously interpreted inscriptions. New interpretations are also offered for inscriptions on runic plates which have previously been considered non-lexical. As well as providing new readings and interpretations, this study has resulted in clarification of the relationship between the form and content of the inscriptions on the runic plates on the one hand and on their find circumstances and appearance on the other.
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Marklund, Felix. "De feminina substantivens böjning i runsvenskan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295703.
Full textAbstract:
Uppsatsen syftar till att beskriva hur de belagda feminina substantiven böjdes i runsvenska. Materialet utgörs i huvudsak av beläggen på de feminina substantiven i Svenskt runordsregister. För att uppnå syftet används dels böjningssformerna som materialet visar, dels motsvarande feminin substantivböjning i fornsvenska och fornisländska. Uppsatsen visar att det är möjligt att ställa upp böjningsparadigm med de feminina substantivens böjning i runsvenska.
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Arima, R. (Reetta). "Metformin, statins and the risk and prognosis of endometrial cancer in women with type 2 diabetes." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526223469.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fifth most common female cancer worldwide and its incidence is increasing. The prognosis of EC is fairly good. Histologically, ECs are categorized into endometrioid and non-endometrioid subtypes. Lately, the idea of repurposing existing medications for the prevention and co-treatment of EC has evoked interest in the scientific community. The results of preclinical studies involving various forms of antidiabetic medication (ADM) such as metformin, or cholesterol-lowering statins have been promising. In the previous epidemiological studies, the results of metformin and/or statin use and the risk and prognosis of EC have indicated either neutral or beneficial effects. At least some of these studies have several limitations, including a potential for several types of bias, and missing information on the dose and timing of medication, cancer-specific mortality or the histology of EC. The aim of this study was to find reliable further evidence on whether the use of metformin or statins could have beneficial effects on the risk and prognosis of EC in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Endometrioid and non-endometrioid EC were analyzed separately based on data from the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR). In our study cohort of 92 366 women obtained from a nationwide diabetes database (FinDM) (1996 to 2011), the incidence rates of endometrioid (n = 590 cases) and non-endometrioid (n = 57 cases) EC were not found to differ between metformin users and users of other forms of oral ADM when adjusted for age, duration of T2D and use at any time of other forms of medication under study. We found insufficient evidence that metformin affects the prognosis of patients diagnosed with endometrioid (n = 1215) or non-endometrioid (n = 105) EC (1998 to 2011) after adjusting for year, age and stage at diagnosis of EC, and duration of T2D. However, in patients with endometrioid EC, mortality from other (predominantly cardiovascular) causes of death was decreased in metformin users compared with users of other types of oral ADM. Despite promising preclinical data, we were not able to confirm a beneficial effect of metformin use on the risk or prognosis of EC in women with T2D. In statin users, a lower risk of both EC subtypes and reduced cancer-specific mortality from non-endometrioid EC were observedTiivistelmä Kohdun runko-osan syöpä on naisten viidenneksi yleisin syöpä, ja todettujen tapauksien määrä kasvaa. Syövän paranemisennuste on melko hyvä. Histologisesti syöpä jaetaan endometrioidi-muotoon ja ei-endometrioidi -muotoon. Alun perin muihin tarkoituksiin kehitettyjen lääkkeiden käyttö kohdun runko-osan syövän ehkäisyssä ja hoitoyhdistelmissä on ollut viime aikoina tieteellisen mielenkiinnon kohteena. Prekliinisten tutkimusten tulokset diabeteslääke metformiinin ja hyperkolesterolemian hoitoon käytettyjen statiinien osalta ovat olleet lupaavia. Aiemmissa epidemiologisissa tutkimuksissa metformiinin tai statiinien käytön vaikutukset kohdun runko-osan syövän riskiin ja ennusteeseen ovat olleet vaihtelevia. Osassa tutkimuksista on ollut ongelmia liittyen tilastollisten harhojen riskiin, puutteellisiin tietoihin lääkityksen kestosta ja kumulatiivisista annoksista sekä spesifisestä syöpäkuolleisuudesta ja syövän histologiasta. Kansalliseen diabetestietokantaan (FinDM) perustuvan tutkimuksemme tavoitteena oli selvittää, onko metformiinin tai statiinien käytöllä (Kelan lääkekorvaustilastot) kohdun runko-osan syövän riskiä vähentävää tai ennustetta parantavaa vaikutusta tyypin 2 diabetesta sairastavilla naisilla. Endometrioidit-syövät ja ei-endometrioidit -syövät analysoitiin erikseen Suomen Syöpärekisterin tietoihin perustuen. Kohortissamme (n = 92 366) ei todettu eroa endometrioidin (n = 590) tai ei-endometrioidin (n = 57) kohdun runko-osan syövän ilmaantuvuudessa metformiinia tai muita oraalisia diabeteslääkkeitä käyttävien naisten välillä (1996-2011), kun ikä, diabeteksen kesto ja muiden lääkitysten käyttö vakioitiin. Emme löytäneet näyttöä metformiinin käytön yhteydestä syöpäkuolleisuuteen endometrioidissa (n = 1 215) tai ei-endometrioidissa (n = 105) alatyypeissä verrattuna muihin diabeteslääkityksiin (1998-2011), kun ikä, syövän diagnoosivuosi ja levinneisyys sekä diabeteksen kesto vakioitiin. Endometrioidiin syöpään sairastuneilla metformiinia käyttävillä naisilla muu, valtaosalla sydän- ja verisuonitautiperäinen, kuolleisuus oli vähentynyt verrattuna muiden oraalisten diabeteslääkkeiden käyttäjiin. Aiemmista lupaavista tutkimustuloksista huolimatta emme todenneet metformiinilla olevan edullisia vaikutuksia kohdun runko-osan syövän kannalta. Statiinien käyttöön liittyi vähentynyt tämän syövän riski sekä vähentynyt syöpäkuolleisuus ei-endometrioidissa alatyypissä
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Zacharopoulos, Themistoklis. "Orð Víkinganna. The level and scale of literacy in the Viking World : The cases of Birka and Sigtuna." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433671.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to study the level and scale of literacy as it expanded in Viking towns during the 8th-12th century. In order to get an understanding of this spread, I have worked with two case-studies of Viking towns, as they were founded and prospered during and by the end of the Viking Age in Sweden; the town of Birka located in Björkö Island in Lake Mälaren, and the town of Sigtuna located in the province of Uppland, in central Sweden. Through the study of selected archaeological material, this paper aims to bring together scattered information and shed light on what we know about the level and spread of literacy in Viking society. The purpose of this endeavour, is to question not only the notion of an illiterate pagan society that the Viking Age Scandinavians are considered to have been, but also question both the methodology in which the scholarly archaeological community studies literacy, as well as the way literacy itself is defined in the study of the ancient world. The paper includes a bibliographic and a material-studying approach, as well as a section where digital archaeological research methods are used with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software in order to illustrate the level and scale of literary expansion in Viking Age Sweden.The proceedings of the Thesis defence were undertaken in the form of a web meeting via Zoom, in accordance to the local restrictions due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Nielsen, Camilla Paulsson. "Skeppslagens runstenar : Vaxholms och Österåkers minnesstenar." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Arkeologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193416.
Full textAbstract:
Despite being in a geographical area abundant of rune stones, there are few found in the Stockholm archipelago. This paper explores these stones and why this is by examining the preserved rune stones in two archipelago municipals; Vaxholm and Österåker, their locations and who placed the stones there.
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Stewart, Martin. "The Mechanics of Mitotic Cell Rounding." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-90006.
Full textAbstract:
During mitosis, adherent animal cells undergo a drastic shape change, from essentially flat to round, in a process known as mitotic cell rounding (MCR). The aim of this thesis was to critically examine the physical and biological basis of MCR.
The experimental part of this thesis employed a combined optical microscope-atomic force microscope (AFM) setup in conjunction with flat tipless cantilevers to analyze cell mechanics, shape and volume. To this end, two AFM assays were developed: the constant force assay (CFA), which applies constant force to cells and measures the resultant height, and the constant height assay (CHA), which confines cell height and measures the resultant force. These assays were deployed to analyze the shape and mechanical properties of single cells trans-mitosis. The CFA results showed that cells progressing through mitosis could increase their height against forces as high as 50 nN, and that higher forces can delay mitosis in HeLa cells. The CHA results showed that mitotic cells confined to ~50% of their normal height can generate forces around 50-100 nN without disturbing mitotic progression. Such forces represent intracellular pressures of at least 200 Pascals and cell surface tensions of around 10 nN/µm. Using the CHA to compare mitotic cell rounding with induced cell rounding, it was observed that the intracellular pressure of mitotic cells is at least 3-fold higher than rounded interphase cells. To investigate the molecular basis of the mechanical changes inherent in mitotic cell rounding, inhibitors and toxins were used to pharmacologically dissect the role of candidate cellular processes. These results implicated the actomyosin cortex and osmolyte transporters, the most prominent of which is the Na+/H+ exchanger, in the maintenance of mechanical properties and intracellular hydrostatic pressure. Observations on blebbing cells under the cantilever supported the idea that the actomyosin cortex is required to sustain hydrostatic pressure and direct this pressure into cell shape changes. To gain further insight into the relationship between actomyosin activity and intracellular pressure, dynamic perturbation experiments were conducted. To this end, the CHA was used to evaluate the pressure and volume of mitotic cells before, during and after dynamic perturbations that included tonic shocks, influx of specific inhibitors, and exposure to pore-forming toxins. When osmotic pressure gradients were depleted, pressure and volume decreased. When the actomyosin cytoskeleton was abolished, cell volume increased while rounding pressure decreased. Conversely, stimulation of actomyosin cortex contraction triggered an increase in rounding pressure and a decrease in volume. Taken together, the dynamic perturbation results demonstrated that the actomyosin cortex contracts against an opposing intracellular pressure and that this relationship sets the surface tension, pressure and volume of the cell.
The discussion section of this thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the physical basis of MCR by amalgamating the experimental results of this thesis with the literature. Additionally, the biochemal signaling pathways and proteins that drive MCR are collated and discussed. An exhaustive and unprecedented synthesis of the literature on cell rounding (approx. 750 papers as pubmed search hits on “cell rounding”, April 2012) reveals that the spread-to-round transition can be thought of in terms of a surface tension versus adhesion paradigm, and that cell rounding can be physically classified into four main modes, of which one is an MCR-like category characterized by increased actomyosin cortex tension and diminution of focal adhesions. The biochemical pathways and signaling patterns that correspond with these four rounding modes are catalogued and expounded upon in the context of the relevant physiology. This analysis reveals cell rounding as a pertinent topic that can be leveraged to yield insight into core principles of cell biophysics and tissue organization. It furthermore highlights MCR as a model problem to understand the adhesion versus cell surface tension paradigm in cells and its fundamentality to cell shape, mechanics and physiology.