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Journal articles on the topic 'Rural culture gender'
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1
Johnson, Oliver W., Vanessa Gerber, and Cassilde Muhoza. "Gender, culture and energy transitions in rural Africa." Energy Research & Social Science 49 (March 2019): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.11.004.
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Best, Michael L., and Sylvia Maier. "Gender, Culture and ICT Use in Rural South India." Gender, Technology and Development 11, no. 2 (January 2007): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097185240701100201.
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Bellamy, Liz, K. D. M. Snell, and Tom Williamson. "Rural History and Popular Culture." Rural History 4, no. 1 (April 1993): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300003447.
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This issue of Rural History has greater thematic coherence than previous numbers, with all the papers having some relation to the study of ‘popular culture’, while coming from a variety of disciplinary perspectives. Each of the articles develops a key area of analysis, but their juxtaposition helps to raise further questions – about the kinds of sources that can be used to redress the bias towards the elite that has tended to dominate the study of culture, and about the problems involved in the handling of such sources. How do concepts of class, sectional, or gender interest relate to the sense of place and local identity? How can we detect such ideas within the historical record? How should we proceed in attempting to reconstruct popular and regional consciousness?
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Wegren, Stephen K., Alexander Nikulin, Irina Trotsuk, and Svetlana Golovina. "Gender inequality in Russia’s rural informal economy." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 50, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2017.05.007.
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This article analyzes gender inequality in Russia’s rural informal economy. Continuation of unequal gendered roles in Russia’s rural informal economy suggests that tradition and custom remain strong. Gender differentials in time spent tending the household garden remain significant, as is the distribution of household tasks into gendered roles in ways that effect professional advancement for women. Land ownership is the domain of men, and women are not owners in Russia’s new economy. Moreover, men earn more from entrepreneurial activity, a function of how male and female services are valued and priced in society. Responsibility that is shared includes the marketing of household food. The conclusion is that institutional change is less impactful on gender inequality than persistence of culture and tradition.
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French, Laurence Armand, and Nancy Picthall-French. "The Role of Substance Abuse Among Rural Youth by Race, Culture and Gender." Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 16, no. 3 (August 26, 1998): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j020v16n03_09.
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Duffy, Lynne. "Culture and Context of HIV Prevention in Rural Zimbabwe: The Influence of Gender Inequality." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 16, no. 1 (January 2005): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659604270962.
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Shortall, Sally, and Bettina Bock. "Introduction: rural women in Europe: the impact of place and culture on gender mainstreaming the European Rural Development Programme." Gender, Place & Culture 22, no. 5 (August 8, 2014): 662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2014.917819.
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Wang, Chao, and Jiayi Tang. "Ritualized Law and Livelihood Fragility of Left-Behind Women in Rural China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 4323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124323.
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Family separation in rural China has led to a considerably large number of left-behind women who have to deal with livelihood fragility. The Department for International Development (DFID) framework focusing on households provides a base to understand the livelihood fragility of these women. Based on this framework and the existing field research, this study identifies that the national macro-strategy of unsynchronized development of industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization leads to a separated migration model for rural families. Furthermore, the process of social modernization increases the fragility risk of how the left-behind family functions. The traditional gender culture expectations also directly affect rural families to make the livelihood strategy choice of, “male working outside, female taking care of home”. Based on the above theoretical research, this study extracts the concept of “ritualized law” to shed light on gender differentiation and family separation. A number of formal social security institutions have been established to promote the development of farmers, however, the ingrained culture gender differentiation encourages men to work in the profitable urban industry while women work in the field of unpaid agriculture and shoulder the responsibility of housework. This makes the formal institution a symbolic ornament for left-behind women, while they are forced to stay in rural areas and suffer from the fragility of livelihood.
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Chitsike, Colletah. "Culture as a barrier to rural women's entrepreneurship: Experience from Zimbabwe." Gender & Development 8, no. 1 (March 2000): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/741923408.
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Fleuriet, K. Jill. "Articulating Distress on Multiple Levels: Illness, History, and Culture Among the Kumiai of Baja California, Mexico." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 23, no. 1 (2007): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.155.
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Illness among disenfranchised indigenous communities in Mexico reflects not only disease but also structural relations of power based on ethnicity, gender, and economic status. As such, physiological explanations of illness alone are not sufficient to understand and address suffering caused by common illnesses. Among the Kumiai Indians of one rural community in Baja California, one of the most commonly reported health problems is presióón baja (low blood pressure), and the overlapping condition of alternating high and low blood pressure. Low/variable blood pressure is most likely to affect women from one of two clans and who are relatively poorer than other community members. For these women, low/variable blood pressure embodies the lived experience of and response to high rates of diabetes, local gender relations, and a changing kinship structure. As a local idiom of distress that carries national cultural currency as a reflection of the experiences of indigenous Mexican women living in rural poverty, low/variable blood pressure requires interventions that directly target diabetes but also gender-sensitive economic development programs to promote community health.
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Maleta, Yulia. "Playing with fire." Journal of Sociology 45, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783309335647.
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This article considers the roles, identities and experiences of female emergency services volunteers, most of whom are active fire fighters, within a regional brigade of the NSW Rural Fire Service (RFS). It is based on interviews and explores how women both adapt to and resist the culture and in the process are transforming it. RFS women were motivated by values of camaraderie, skill and community participation. Their experiences were informed by inclusion and exclusion, and the complex association of gender and competence with physical strength and leadership. Drawing upon the Foucauldian insight that power is never simply repressive but productive and relational, the findings demonstrate how women actively negotiate their position as a collective and as individuals within a mixed gender environment. This article concludes that the demonstrated prowess and agency of women within a non-traditional work context is changing and transforming the cultures and practices of rural fire fighting.
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Liu, Huijun, Quanbao Jiang, and Marcus W. Feldman. "Widowhood and mortality risk of older people in rural China: do gender and living arrangement make a difference?" Ageing and Society 40, no. 9 (April 10, 2019): 1939–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000436.
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AbstractIncreased mortality after spousal bereavement has been observed in many populations. Few studies have investigated the widowhood effect in a traditional culture where the economy is underdeveloped. The reasons for the widowhood effect and its gender dynamic are not well understood. In this study, we assessed whether the widowhood-associated excess mortality exists and differs by gender and living arrangement in rural China. We used a six-wave panel of data derived from rural people over 60 years old in the Chaohu region of China. Cox regression analyses suggest that there was a positive effect of spousal loss on mortality for older rural Chinese and this effect was gender different. Our findings also suggest that living with adult children after spousal loss played a protective role in reducing the risk of older men's death, though it tended to increase older men's mortality risk in general.
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Plant, Malcolm, Paul van Schaik, Eleonora Gullone, and Clifton Flynn. "“It’s a Dog’s Life”: Culture, Empathy, Gender, and Domestic Violence Predict Animal Abuse in Adolescents—Implications for Societal Health." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 10 (July 19, 2016): 2110–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516659655.
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Whereas the majority of previous research conducted on animal abuse has been in environments where animal abuse is rarely evidenced, the current study investigated the ramifications of animal abuse in an environment wherein the national culture creates an ethos of the “social acceptability” of animal abuse in society. Two survey studies were conducted with adolescent participants, to investigate the role played by several factors in the prediction of animal abuse in this age group. In Study 1, with samples from two different national cultures (101 from Germany and 169 from Romania; 143 boys/135 girls; age 13 to 17), animal abuse was negatively associated with affective empathy and national culture; more frequent animal abuse was found in Romania. Affective empathy fully mediated the association between gender and animal abuse. Specifically, girls were found to be higher in affective empathy; in turn, participants who were higher in affective empathy committed less animal abuse. Witnessing animal abuse was also predictive of engaging in animal abuse, but not independent of national culture. In Study 2, 15-year-old males ( n = 21) and females ( n = 39) took part, 29 from rural and 31 from urban locations in Romania. Rural adolescents were more likely to abuse animals and had higher exposure to domestic violence, which (in turn) was associated with more animal abuse. The implications of these findings in a society where animal abuse is encouraged and enacted on a national scale are discussed.
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Herreros Sánchez, Cristiana. "Gender violence in the rural area of Alhama de Granada (2015-2020)." Comunitania. Revista Internacional de Trabajo Social y Ciencias Sociales, no. 22 (July 20, 2021): 9–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/comunitania.22.1.
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Various studies on gender violence emphasize the greater rootedness of patriarchal culture in rural society compared to other types of societies. This rural society is characterized by its greater masculinization and tradition, which makes it difficult to perceive and recognize macho behaviour. The violence which is the subject of this study represents a scourge which is suffered by a large sector of the female population, leaving serious economic, social, psychological and family consequences which are profound and painful, and which it is very difficult to overcome on many occasions. During the time that the author who signs this document stayed in the district of Alhama de Granada as a social worker, it became clear that there were few resources available to combat gender violence and to educate the population in this rural area. The daily life of women, and especially those who suffer from male violence in particular, is conditioned and limited by the situation of isolation, the deficit of social services, social control and pressure, stigmatisation and the family structure (close and/or extended).
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Jeffs, Tara, and William Morrison. "Special Education Technology Addressing Diversity: A Synthesis of the Literature." Journal of Special Education Technology 20, no. 4 (September 2005): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016264340502000403.
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With the increasing complexity of schools and society, there is great need for expanded understanding of the many dimensions of diversity within the field of assistive technology (AT). The question that lies before us is how has diversity been examined in AT research and literature? Following a research synthesis method similar to Summers (1985) and Edyburn (2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004) the purpose of this study was threefold: (a) first, to conduct a literature review of scholarly publications in the area of AT that focused on the diversity dimensions of family, rural, culture, race, or gender between the years of 2000 and 2004, (b) second, to identify to what extent literature scatter was present or absent in this literature review, and (c) third, to answer the question ‘What have we learned?’ Using study criteria, 19 articles scattered across 12 peer-reviewed journals were identified and classified under five categories: family, rural, culture, race, and gender. Implications for practitioners and the field of AT are discussed.
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Aguirre, Juan. "Culture, health, gender and coffee drinking: a Costa Rican perspective." British Food Journal 118, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-08-2015-0298.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the effect of culture, gender and perceived health benefits on coffee drinking in Costa Rica. Design/methodology/approach – A telephone survey (n=1,328) was conducted in the province of San Jose, where the capital city is located. This location has a population of 845,000, with a 99 per cent, confidence, 1 per cent error and 50 per cent response distribution, the total usable surveys were 1,199. The analytical procedure, consisted of three steps; instrument validation, consumer profile development and developing ordinal logistic modelling. Findings – The total α was estimated at 0.71. The coffee consumer profile is described but consisted of 52 per cent female and 48 per cent male with 77 per cent receiving a secondary education. The factors influencing coffee drinking by Costa Ricans, are in order of importance: first gender followed by family as a source of information, health, amount spent, aroma, anti-migraine effect, family tradition, flavour and energizing effect. H1 – health, culture and gender influence the frequency of coffee consumption in Costa Rica is accepted; H2 – the importance of the health factor varies with gender is accepted and H3 – culture is an important factor in determining coffee consumption is also accepted. Research limitations/implications – The study was only conducted in the province of San Jose. This is considered the urban heart of the country urban but its finding should not be extrapolated to the entire country. A rural/urban comparison may be needed. Practical implications – The results suggest that a country wide survey may be useful in providing information for differential coffee marketing strategies. Originality/value – The material is the first of its kind in the Central American region and may help orient other countries of the area.
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HUGHES-FREELAND, FELICIA. "Gender, Representation, Experience: The Case of Village Performers in Java." Dance Research 26, no. 2 (October 2008): 140–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0264287508000169.
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This article explores how gender representations are deployed in anthropological analysis with reference to female performers (ledhek) in rural Java during the last decades of Suharto's New Order Indonesia (1966–1998). 1 It shows how the negative ascriptions given to ledheks were consistent with state promulgated gender ideologies in Indonesia, and explores the women's experiences in performances and everyday life. This different standpoint allows us to understand their dancing from the performers’ points of view, rather than from that of official state endorsed ideas of acceptable performance culture.
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Atwal, Jyoti. "Embodiment of Untouchability: Cinematic Representations of the “Low” Caste Women in India." Open Cultural Studies 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 735–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2018-0066.
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Abstract Ironically, feudal relations and embedded caste based gender exploitation remained intact in a free and democratic India in the post-1947 period. I argue that subaltern is not a static category in India. This article takes up three different kinds of genre/representations of “low” caste women in Indian cinema to underline the significance of evolving new methodologies to understand Black (“low” caste) feminism in India. In terms of national significance, Acchyut Kanya represents the ambitious liberal reformist State that saw its culmination in the constitution of India where inclusion and equality were promised to all. The movie Ankur represents the failure of the state to live up to the postcolonial promise of equality and development for all. The third movie, Bandit Queen represents feminine anger of the violated body of a “low” caste woman in rural India. From a dacoit, Phoolan transforms into a constitutionalist to speak about social justice. This indicates faith in Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s India and in the struggle for legal rights rather than armed insurrection. The main challenge of writing “low” caste women’s histories is that in the Indian feminist circles, the discourse slides into salvaging the pain rather than exploring and studying anger.
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Ilcan, Suzan M. "Peasant Struggles and Social Change: Migration, Households and Gender in a Rural Turkish Society." International Migration Review 28, no. 3 (September 1994): 554–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800307.
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This article sheds light on the interrelationship of seasonal migration, subsistence production and peasant relations in a community (Sakli) located in Turkey's northwestern countryside. Most studies argue that rural outmigration is either an adaptation to persistent unemployment or a phenomenon resulting from pressures and counterpressures in the social relations of production. These approaches tend to overlook the specific features of rural culture and power in determining conditions for seasonal migration and its effects on social relations. While migrant labor is understood by local villagers as forming part of a continual battle to preserve local tradition and kinship ties, this article shows how it reduces the dominion of landlords while creating internal household differentiation and gendered hierarchies.
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Laurent, Erick. "Definition and Cultural Representation of the Category Mushi in Japanese Culture." Society & Animals 3, no. 1 (1995): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853095x00053.
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AbstractIn this essay, I attempt to define the 'ethnocategory' mushi (insects, larvae, small animals) in Japanese culture, through a semantic analysis of the Chinese characters bearing the radical "mushi," and fieldwork research in rural Japan. The research offers criteria for an animal's inclusion in the category, reveals the differences in people's perception of mushi according to age and gender, and elicits a structure of the category as a series of concentric circles around a semantic core. The richness and complexity of the findings provide insight into Japanese attitudes towards animals and nature.
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Upadhyay, Prakash. "Hierarchical to Gender Egalitarianism: Women Empowerment and Emancipation through Micro Finance in Rural Nepal." Journal of Nepalese Business Studies 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnbs.v9i1.14594.
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The major objective of this paper is to identify the efficacy of Micro Finance in women empowerment and to explore the ramifications of awareness and socioeconomic alterations owing to Micro Finance program. Both quantitative and qualitative data from primary and secondary sources were used in the study. The instruments of primary data collection were questionnaire, observation, interview and focus group discussion. Pedestal on gender theories examining status and power differences related to gender empowerment, role of caste, ethnicity, culture and, to some extent, class status in shaping individuals and problems, this study deduced that gender empowerment is a transformation of gender relations from hierarchal to egalitarian plan rather than just women’s power position and this has been doable through Micro Finance which has proved to be the financial self sustainable paradigm. Microfinance program has supported to women’s income generating and livelihood activities and helped in poverty reduction owing to which rural women’s life style and way of living is altering. Gender empowerment through Micro Finance incorporates emancipation and empowerment of women without creating a misgiving of emasculation of men. Emancipation of women is procuring economic, social and political rights and equality meant for fostering a balance in gender relations as against the one-sided women empowerment approach.Journal of Nepalese Business Studies Vol. 9, No. 1, 2015 pp. 48-62
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Longe, Omowunmi Mary. "An Assessment of the Energy Poverty and Gender Nexus towards Clean Energy Adoption in Rural South Africa." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 21, 2021): 3708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123708.
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South Africa has about 2.5 million households without electricity access, most of which are located in rural areas and urban informal settlements. The nexus of energy poverty and gender is at play in the affected communities, as women and girls are culturally stereotyped with the task of collecting unclean fuels (e.g., firewood) and using these for their households’ energy demands. Therefore, this study prioritized rural women and girls as respondents in the provinces most affected by gendered energy poverty (GEP) in the country. The study was carried out in selected rural unelectrified areas of Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal provinces using structured interviews. The study revealed that GEP in the rural areas has exposed women and girls living there to security concerns, health hazards, premature death, domestic fire accidents, time poverty, income poverty, illiteracy, drudgery in households and farm tasks, etc., at different levels of severity. It also showed the effects of perceptions, age, income, and culture on the choice of energy use among the respondents. Mitigation strategies against GEP in rural South African communities through clean energy adoption are also proposed in this paper.
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LI, SHUZHUO, CHUZHU ZHU, and MARCUS W. FELDMAN. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN CHILD SURVIVAL IN CONTEMPORARY RURAL CHINA: A COUNTY STUDY." Journal of Biosocial Science 36, no. 1 (January 2004): 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932004006121.
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Using data from a survey of deaths of children less than 5 years old conducted in 1997 in a county in Shaanxi Province, China, this paper examines gender differences in child survival in contemporary rural China. First, excess female child mortality in the county in 1994–96 is described, followed by an analysis of the mechanisms whereby the excess mortality takes place, and the underlying social, economic and cultural factors behind it. Excess female child mortality in this county is probably caused primarily by discrimination against girls in curative health care rather than in preventive health care or food and nutrition. Although discrimination occurs in all kinds of families and communities, discrimination itself is highly selective, and is primarily against girls with some specific characteristics. It is argued that the excess mortality of girls is caused fundamentally by the strong son preference in traditional Chinese culture, but exacerbated by the government-guided family planning programme and regulations. This suggests that it is crucial to raise the status of girls within the family and community so as to mitigate the pressures to discriminate against girls in China’s low fertility regime. Finally, the possible policy options to improve female child survival in contemporary rural China are discussed.
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Nazli, Hina. "Susanne Thorbek. Gender and Slum Culture in Urban Asia. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 1994.233 pages. Hardbound: Indian Rs 225.00." Pakistan Development Review 33, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 300–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v33i3pp.300-302.
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The process of urbanisation is fed by the migration of people from the rural to the urban areas. Among the several reasons why people move to cities, the following are considered to be the most important: modernisation in agriculture and the resultant labour displacement, rapid industrial development, and concentration of land in a few hands; also the lack of non-agricultural jobs in the rural areas and the increase in population. The immigrants face a different environment in the cities and generally find it difficult to adjust to the setting with a new set of social relations. The poor unskilled labour coming from the rural areas to settle in the cities at any cost finds its way to the squalor of the slum areas. The resultant population pressure forces the people of these areas to face severe problems not only in terms of inadequate wages and incomes but also in terms of their relations with their spouses, children, friends, relatives, and neighbours. In the slum areas thus growing, it is not possible for the planning and development authorities, despite their extensive efforts, to provide to all the inhabitants such social services and amenities as education and health facilities, parks, playgrounds, and safe drinkingwater. Left without the amenities of developed urban areas, these inhabitants struggle for survival.
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Al-Rikabi, Husham Qasim Saudi. "A Mapping of Actors Gender Disgrated Data and Information Programs and Projects and Rural Development Projects in Iraq." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms-2019.v4i1-529.
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Poverty and hunger are considered social and economic pests for Iraqi households in urban and rural.Most of rural people do not educate their girls or make them leave school which is known as education leak, The absence of respect women culture because of traditions and hereditary norms in rural has a negative reflects on women channel that lead to unequally between man and women in rural and urban.This paper seeks to highlight the gender data available and the ongoing programs of different stakeholders committed to the advancement of the conditions of Iraqi women living in rural contexts, also includes a thorough review of literature to shed light on the data available, gaps in data, and the hindrances behind lack of data. The paper highlights major activities delivered by ministries and institutions of the Iraqi government, and other stakeholders’ interventions, such as NGOs, International Organizations and agencies.Analyze the information gathered in the attempt to transfer those information in an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats concerning the increased availability of sex disaggregated data and gender in rural contexts. The paper recommended implementing Capacity building programs for stakeholders, on gender issues and on how to mainstream gender at the various stages. Women’s increased access to educational and training opportunities not only increases their participation in the labor force but also expands the range of occupational options available in the market. The vulnerability of poor women in Iraq is closely linked to illiteracy and low levels of education. Thus, adult literacy programmes must form part of gender mainstreaming efforts; there is a need to create awareness for women and men to venture in the ‘nontraditional’ and stereotyped careers; make use of media to enhance women’s role in peace building. Media continues to dominate as a powerful messaging tool in the post conflict environment. Engaging men and women in media.
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Ndebele, Clever. "Gender and School Leadership: Breaking the Glass Ceiling in South Africa." Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies 7, no. 2 (June 25, 2018): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/generos.2018.2438.
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This study looked at leadership from a gender perspective in a rural context in South Africa. The study investigated the challenges faced by female school principals because of their gender in one rural district. Grounded in the qualitative paradigm and using the social realist theoretical analytical framework, a thematic approach was used in analysing qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews with ten female school principals. Findings showed that female school principals were not perceived as incompetent and unable by male colleagues only, but also by female staff colleagues as a result of an entrenched culture of male dominance. Among the challenges faced by female principals included: negative attitude from some parents and educators; being undermined because of their gender and lack of confidence on their side. The study recommends the mounting of gender awareness workshops with both parents and educators to sensitive them on gender equity issues. In addition the study calls for mentoring and networking workshops, in service training opportunities and role modelling to be given to female teachers who aspire to, and have potential in leadership so that these female teachers can feel empowered and see that they have the potential of being leaders.
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Draughon, Francesca Draughon. "Dance of Decadence: Class, Gender, and Modernity in the Scherzo of Mahler's Ninth Symphony." Journal of Musicology 20, no. 3 (2003): 388–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2003.20.3.388.
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The Scherzo of Mahler's Ninth Symphony juxtaposes the Lndler and the waltz, two dances that resonate with cultural meaning. Exploring the part they play in this movement illuminates the socio-political significance of the dances' identification with contrasting-and at the turn of the century increasingly conflicted-social spheres of the Habsburg Empire: The former represented the rural population of the countryside, while the latter represented the bourgeois and aristocratic classes of Vienna. This rural-urban polarity was intimately bound with turn-of-the-century ideologies of gender, the body, and decadence. While the Stadtmensch's body came to be regarded as a potential carrier of a feminized, urban degeneracy, the ideology of Köörperkultur (body culture) proposed a cure for this degeneracy in an idealized chaste and rural male body. Mahler's juxtaposition of the Läändler and waltz, when observed through this lens, creates a narrative of dangerous feminine seduction. Additionally, consideration of Mahler's own politicized body and his relationship to Köörperkultur points to ways in which these two cultural discourses may have informed the popular "death" or "farewell" narrative commonly attributed to the Ninth Symphony.
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Wallis, Cara. "Mobile phones without guarantees: The promises of technology and the contingencies of culture." New Media & Society 13, no. 3 (March 25, 2011): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444810393904.
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The mobile phone’s global diffusion has generated hope in its ability to enable individuals in developing countries to increase their income and life opportunities. However, numerous socio-cultural factors contribute to the outcomes of technology in diverse contexts. This article uses Alcoff’s (2006) theory of positionality and the notion of socio-techno practices to examine mobile phones and the labor relations of young rural-to-urban migrant women working in the low-level service sector in Beijing. This study argues that the women’s gender, age, class, and rural origin produce particular constraints on their ability to generate higher income and find better jobs. It also reveals that some employers use mobile phones for surveillance of employees, which was not likely before since most migrant women do not have landlines. This article shows that as much as the mobile phone is a liberatory and equalizing technology, it can also reinforce rather than upset patriarchal power relationships.
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Liu, Jieyu. "Intimacy and Intergenerational Relations in Rural China." Sociology 51, no. 5 (April 27, 2016): 1034–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038516639505.
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This article applies the concept of intimacy to examine relationships between adult children and their parents in rural China – an area which has been predominantly located in an obligatory framework. I reveal a qualitative difference in support between relationships built on intimate ties and those bound by duty and obligation. A unilateral emphasis on obligation-based relationships can deprive both the parent and adult child generations of agency and autonomy, which can be disempowering for both. The complex relations between intimacy and obligation are the product of local socio-economic circumstances and gender norms. Although traditional patrilineal and patrilocal culture excludes married daughters from the filial discourse surrounding their own parents, they are often considered to have the most intimate relationship with their parents. Paradoxically, the practices of intimacy between aged parents and their married daughters strengthen the natal ties that facilitate modifications to patrilocal and patrilineal customs.
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B.M., Ubaydullaeva. "Traditions Of Child Raising In Uzbek Rural Family." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 03, no. 06 (June 8, 2021): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume03issue06-13.
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The study of the issue of child socialization is one of the current problems of ethnology. Because through the upbringing of children, one can learn a lot about the lifestyle, spiritual outlook, psychological image and socio-economic history of the people. This article aims to study the features of child socialization in a modern Uzbek village on the example of a village. The information in the article was collected during the author's expeditions to the village of Mindon in 2012-2014. Research methods: direct observation, in-depth interview-based interviews and questionnaires. Theoretically, it was based on T. Parsons' structural functional theory on the study of socialization [26, p.58.]. In this theory, the family is shown as the first major stage of socialization. The study shows that the traditional method of upbringing in the family depends on the lifestyle of the people and is based on the experience of the people in child psychology, taking into account the mental and physical aspects of the mother from pregnancy to childbirth and adulthood. The data presented in the study can be used to study the culture, ethnography, spiritual and moral characteristics of the Uzbek people and to theoretically enrich such areas as ethnopsychology, ethnopedagogy, gender socialization, sociology of education.
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Croll, Elisabeth J. "Chinese Women and Rural Development: Sixty Years of Change in Lu Village, Yunnan. By Laurel Bossen. [Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2002. 391 pp. Hard cover $80.00, ISBN 0-7425-1107-3; paperback $29.95, ISBN 0-7425-1108-1.]." China Quarterly 173 (March 2003): 214–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443903240122.
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This study constitutes a major contribution to our understanding of women, gender and rural development within and beyond China. Examining 60 years of economic, political and social change in one village in Yunnan province, this book has both depth and breadth. Research in Lu village, also the site of Fei Xiao-tong's very fine field study conducted in the 1940s and reported in Earthbound China, enables the author to examine how larger concepts and abstractions such as Chinese culture, communist planning and market-driven reforms shape and are shaped by gender definitions and relations in everyday practice.
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Jardim, Silvia Regina Marques, Zizelda Lima Fernandes, and Luci Mara Bertoni. "SOCIABILIDADE E JUVENTUDE RURAL: A FESTA JUNINA COMO ELEMENTO FORTALECEDOR DA CULTURA JUVENIL DO CAMPO (SOCIABILITY AND RURAL YOUTH: THE JUNE PARTY (FESTA JUNINA) AS A STRENGTHENING ELEMENT OF THE JUVENILE CULTURE IN RURAL AREAS)." Revista GeoNordeste, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 204–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33360/rgn.2318-2695.2019.i2especial.p.204-217.
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RESUMO:Neste artigo, compartilhamos dados de pesquisa realizada no Assentamento de Reforma Agrária Bela Vista do Chibarro, localizado em Araraquara, São Paulo, cujo objetivo foi desenvolver análises acerca da sociabilidade entre jovens no meio rural, por meio de suas experiências com festividades, dentre elas, a Festa Junina. Para tanto, apresentamos relatos de doze jovens do sexo feminino com idade entre 12 e 16 anos que moram naquela localidade. A pesquisa revela que as práticas de sociabilidade são importantes para as jovens quando, nessas práticas, encontram oportunidade de celebrar o ciclo da vida na qual estão inseridas, considerando que sua juventude é permeada por proibições. Constatamos que a Festa Junina na comunidade surge como um elemento de fortalecimento da identidade e do pertencimento, sobretudo, quando valoriza o espaço rural e as tradições da roça transmitidas pelas gerações, além de favorecer a integração entre espaços urbano e rural.Palavras-chave: Festa Junina. Gênero. Juventude rural. ABSTRACT:We have purposefully tried to share research data, developed in an Agrarian Reform Settlement, in the country of São Paulo state. We have studied the minds and thoughts of female teenagers, concerning issues such as youth, education, future perspectives and social relationships. We have witnessed the June Party, in this settlement, rising as a strengthening element of identity and belonging, valuing the rural environment. The teenagers’ speeches show a cycle of life permeated by prohibition, and the parties within this settlement become means for the young girls to celebrate this cycle of life. The June Party in the area researched preserves and values the rural traditions transmitted through generations, besides being an opportunity of integration between urban and rural areas.Keywords: June Party; culture, youth; gender.
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Jones, Steve. "Caravans and Slide Shows: Rural Modernism inA Canterbury Tale." Rural History 12, no. 2 (October 2001): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300002454.
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AbstractThis essay uses the filmA Canterbury Tale(The Archers, 1944) to consider the relationship between the countryside and modernity in English culture during the 1930s and 1940s. While previous analyses have argued thatA Canterbury Talefilm is unambiguously conservative, this paper adopts a Gramscian framework to suggest that its conservatism is intimately bound up with an emergent, modernising structure of feeling. The paper therefore studies those scenes in which the serene rurality of the narrative engages in a visual and aural dialogue with the modern world. The paper argues that three motifs in the film are particularly meaningful: the development of unexpected class and gender inflections in the concept of pilgrimage, the detachment of America from its status as a signifier of ‘bad’ modernity in the English countryside, and the incorporation of the cinematic into the rural.
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Zhang, J., W. Wieczorek, Y. Conwell, X. M. Tu, B. Y. W. Wu, S. Xiao, and C. Jia. "Characteristics of young rural Chinese suicides: a psychological autopsy study." Psychological Medicine 40, no. 4 (August 6, 2009): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709990808.
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BackgroundPatterns of suicide rates in China differ in many ways from those in the West. This study aimed to identify the risk factors characteristic for young rural Chinese suicides.MethodThis was a case-control psychological autopsy (PA) study. The samples were suicides and living controls (both aged 15–34 years) from 16 rural counties of China. We interviewed two informants for each suicide and each control with pretested and validated instruments to estimate psychosocial, psychiatric and other risk factors for suicides.ResultsThe prevalence of mental disorders was higher among the young Chinese who died by suicide than among the living controls, but was lower than among suicides in the West. Marriage was not a protecting factor for suicide among young rural Chinese women, and never-married women who were involved in relationships were about three times more likely to commit suicide than single women who were unattached. Religion/religiosity was not a protecting factor in Chinese suicide, as it tended to be stronger for suicides than for controls. Impulsivity was significantly higher for suicides than for controls. Psychological strain, resulting from conflicting social values between communist gender equalitarianism and Confucian gender discrimination, was associated significantly with suicide in young rural Chinese women, even after accounting for the role of psychiatric illness.ConclusionsRisk factors for suicide in rural China are different from those in the West. Psychological strain plays a role in suicide. Suicide prevention programs in China should incorporate culture-specific considerations.
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Sridadi, Ahmad Rizki, and Gigih Prihantono. "Gender Inequality in Wage Rate in Indonesia." International Journal of Business and Management 13, no. 3 (February 25, 2018): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n3p160.
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Education is an indicator of advanced development, as education produces high quality human resources. However, the existence of gender gap in society causes low participation of women in education compared to men. This phenomenon happens due to various factors such as government policy, socio-economic, and culture. As such, this study aims to estimate the rate of return of gender-based school in Indonesia using Mincer earnings function. This study uses database Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 4 and 5. The two-step Heckman model of ordinary least square (OLS) is used for data analysis. The findings of this study are as follows. First, return to schooling is higher for male than female, for both service and manufacturing industries. Second, years of schooling, years of schooling interaction with manufacturing industril, years of schooling interaction with in service industril, the squared years of schooling interaction with manufacturing industril, the squared years of schooling interaction with service industril, gender interaction with service industril, gender interaction with manufacturing industril and urban/rural location are significantly influence return to schooling. While, squared years of schooling is not significantly influence return to schooling.
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Loewen, Royden. "Rurality, Ethnicity, and Gender Patterns of Cultural Continuity during the “Great Disjuncture” in the R.M. of Hanover, 1945-1961." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 4, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 161–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031061ar.
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Abstract Rural Canadian communities underwent profound changes as they adapted to the economic and social context after World War II. Those changes, may be described, using John Shaver's phrase, as a "Great Disjuncture". From a "centrist" point-of-view Canadian farms became more fully mechanized, products commodified and farm goals integrated with government policy. This paper focuses on the "local experience" of the "Great Disjuncture". Its subject is the Rural Municipality of Hanover in Manitoba, an ethnic community, dominated by Low German-speaking Mennonites. In Hanover traditional social relations, both on the primary level affecting gender and on the community level affecting the very idea of rurality, entered a dialectical relationship with the forces for change to create a particular localized culture. Here was an instance of cultural re-creation.
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Stauss, Kimberly, Yvette Murphy-Erby, Javier Boyas, and Van Bivens. "Parent-Child Communication Related to Sexual Health: The Contextual Experiences of Rural Latino Parents and Youth." Advances in Social Work 12, no. 2 (September 8, 2011): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/1869.
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Understanding how parent-child communication occurs within the cultural context is an important consideration in sexual health given that culture plays a major role in the development of various beliefs and attitudes. This qualitative study explores the perceived experiences of first-generation, immigrant rural Latino parents and youths (N = 19) about parent-child communication related to sexual health. Specifically, the article explores their perceptions on (a) the process of such communication when and if it occurs; (b) the content of such discussions when they occur; and (c) whether the content of these discussions is based on gender or familial context. Results suggest that cultural norms are followed in regards to gender of both the parent and the youth, but often going against religious and father’s expectations, with the mothers discussing birth control facts in greater frequency. We discuss implications for Latino teen pregnancy prevention efforts.
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McDonald, James H. "The Narcoeconomy and Small-town, Rural Mexico." Human Organization 64, no. 2 (May 26, 2005): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.64.2.ln16fx6k6wahxluy.
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Little ethnographic research has been conducted on how the illegal drug trade has affected and transformed rural communities in Mexico and the rest of Mesoamerica. It is a topic that is dif?cult and potentially dangerous to explore, at least directly; thus it is not surprising that relatively few researchers have openly studied it. For those of us working on rural development problems, it means that our analyses are silent on a critical dimension of the local economy. This paper describes the effects of drug traf?cking on a small, rural town in Mexico’s central highlands in which a highly interpenetrated legal-illegal economy has emerged. A series of ethnographic vignettes provide the entry point for exploring how the narcoeconomy manifested itself both materially and in the imaginations of local people. An ordinary town, in fact, had extraordinary inequalities: opulent houses; the subversion of traditional forms of leisure; a new urban-oriented consumer culture; and new farmer entrepreneurs. All were underwritten by narco-activities. The paper closes by considering the broader implications of the narcoeconomy by expanding on themes of globalization and poverty, migration, gender, and violence that run through the descriptive vignettes.
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Dr. Muhammad Gulfraz Abbasi, Dr. Muhammad Ahsan, and Dr. Zahoor Hussain. "Determining Linguistic and Cultural Diminution: An Analysis of Urbanization and Migration in Pakistan." sjesr 3, no. 3 (October 20, 2020): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss3-2020(400-407).
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Urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon in which people move to cities for multiple reasons. Before partition in 1947, the trend of urbanization in Pakistan was not so popular. However, after independence, this trend increased manifold. As urbanization increased, the migrants also started losing their precious native languages and other things related to culture. The present study also focuses on how the in-migration from rural to urban areas in Pakistan has caused a decline in the native language and culture of the migrants belonging to Murree. The sample of 142 people across the gender was selected from Murree, Pakistan. The participants had shifted to urban areas in the past and permanently settled in the city culture where Urdu, the national language was mostly dominant. The detailed open-ended ethnographic interviews of the participants revealed that the whole Pahari culture and Pahari language is under threat as a consequence of this urbanization.
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Ratnawati, Dewi, Sulistyorini Sulistyorini, and Ahmad Zainal Abidin. "KESETARAAN GENDER TENTANG PENDIDIKAN LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN." Jurnal Harkat : Media Komunikasi Gender 15, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/harkat.v15i1.13436.
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Abstract. Educational discrimination often occurs in people's lives. This is influenced by the distinction that appear from the community itself. This distinction can be seen from the perspective of the community to educational rights of men and women. The main factors that influence the emergence of discrimination against the right to education include normal or traditional rules that kill the character of women, the physical form of women, the economic pace, misinterpretation of religious teachings, and cultural beliefs that grow in the lives of rural communities. This requires a maximum effort in aligning the paradigm between rural communities and communities by involving religious teachings as supporters of the realization of equal educational rights for men and women. By using exploratory-descriptive eruption studies, it results in findings that the viewpoints related to equality of education rights of men and women are divided in two. First, the viewpoint of the community which encompasses patriarchal culture, humanism, economics, and education. Second, the viewpoint of the Hadith and the Al-Qur'an. Abstrak. Diskriminasi pendidikan kerapkali terjadi di dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh distingsi yang muncul dari masyarakat itu sendiri. Distingsi itu dapat dilihat dari sudut pandang masyarakat terhadap hak pendidikan laki-laki dan perempuan. Faktor utama yang mempengaruhi munculnya diskriminasi terhadap hak pendidikan meliputi normal atau aturan tradisional yang membunuh karakter perempuan, bentuk fisik perempuan, laju ekonomi, penafsiran yang salah terhadap ajaran agama, serta keyakinan budaya yang tumbuh dalam kehidupan masyarakat pedesaan. Hal ini membutuhkan usaha maksimal dalam penyelarasan paradigma antara masyarakat pedesaan dan masyarakat perkotaan dengan melibatkan ajaran agama sebagai pendukung terhadap realisasi kesetaraan hak pendidikan laki-laki dan perempuan. Dengan menggunakan studi leterasi berupa eksploratif-deskriptif, mengahasilkan temuan bahwa sudut pandang terkait kesetaraan hak pendidikan laki-laki dan perempuan dibagi dua. Pertama, sudut pandang masyarakat yang meliputi budaya patriarki, budaya humanisme, ekonomi, dan edukasi. Kedua, sudut pandang perspektif hadits dan Al-Qur’an.
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Beausaert, Rebecca. "‘Young Rovers’ and ‘Dazzling Lady Meteors:’ Gender and Bicycle Club Culture in Turn-of-the-Century Small-Town Ontario." Scientia Canadensis 36, no. 1 (June 26, 2014): 33–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025788ar.
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During the bicycle “craze” of the 1890s and early 1900s, men and women across Western Europe and North America embraced this novel form of recreation and modern mode of transportation. Undoubtedly, the invention of the “safety” bicycle in 1885 aided women’s enjoyment of the machine, yet in many respects cycling remained an androcentric mode of recreation. This is most evident when examining the paternal structure of bicycle clubs. In the existing literature on cycling, however, little attention is paid to gender dynamics within clubs, especially in the context of smaller towns and rural areas. Using the towns of Tillsonburg and Ingersoll in southwestern Ontario’s Oxford County as a case study, this article examines how cycling clubs in these communities were sites of both change and resistance to the prevailing gender norms of the time. Once membership was opened to women, club activities became more heterosocial and less focused on cultivating virulent masculinity, but women were never fully accepted as full-fledged members.
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Shabunova, Alexandra A., and Galina V. Leonidova. "Rural life of Russian women." POPULATION 23, no. 2 (2020): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.2.2.
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The relevance of the study of the living conditions of rural women is related to the actual demographic situation in the Russian hinterland. In rural areas of the Russian Federation there is a stable decline in the population due, first of all, to natural population decrease, as well as migration outflow connected with low standards and quality of life, unattractiveness of labor in rural areas, and social infrastructure. Rural women as a socio-demographic group with typical socio-psychological, ideological, moral and ethno-cultural characteristics, similar spiritual values, social experience and lifestyles, being a more numerous part of the population of rural territories, act as a kind of bulwark for preservation of the village, its culture, traditions and rural economy as a whole. A quarter of all Russian women live in rural areas. Distribution of the country’s population by gender and age groups as of January 1, 2019 shows that women predominate in the rural population (52%). And the group of women over working age is twice as large as that of men (6775 thousand against 3230 thousand). In other words, Russian village has actually a female face. In this regard, the study of rural women’s issues is very important and timely. The article shows the role of women in the social development of the village, provides excerpts from interviews of rural female activists, their reasoning about how they live despite the difficulties that surround them. It highlights demographic trends in rural areas, assesses the quality of the labor potential of rural residents in comparison with urban residents, and shows a higher level of self-realization in labor activity among women than among men.
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Elizabeth, Roosganda. "Pemberdayaan Wanita Mendukung Strategi Gender Mainstreaming dalam Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian di Perdesaan." Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 25, no. 2 (August 12, 2016): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v25n2.2007.126-135.
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<strong>English</strong><br />Modernization paradigm in the implementation of agricultural development has caused various changes in rural society, namely changes in social life, culture, politic, and especially economic structure in rural areas. This phenomenon also caused trend of disintegration and discrimination in “labor division” between male and female in various fields which could potentially set aside or even eliminate the important productive function of woman. This article is aimed at the description of many thoughts and ideas (by theory) about the role and the opportunity of woman who work in agriculture and repositioning the strategy of gender mainstream within the rural agricultural development policies. The double role of women is clearly indicating the importance of the double sources of income for a household. Women potentials, either as a housewife or as an individual of agricultural worker is the important factor to determine the success of gender mainstreaming strategy. The empowerment is suggested through applied and innovative technology, protection of working woman, improvement of training and extension activities, enhancement of regulations, facility support, increasing wage rate, and household industry skill development. Job opportunity is suggested to balance between male and female and encourage woman to participate in various development activities. With this, the gender mainstreaming strategy would improve household welfare in rural areas. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Paradigma modernisasi dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan pertanian yang mengutamakan prinsip efisiensi, secara nyata telah mengakibatkan terjadinya berbagai perubahan pada masyarakat petani, baik struktur sosial, budaya dan politik terutama pada struktur ekonomi di perdesaan. Hal tersebut juga menimbulkan gejala desintegrasi dan diskriminasi dalam “pembagian kerja” antara pria dan wanita di berbagai bidang, yang dikhawatirkan dapat meminggirkan bahkan menghilangkan fungsi produksi kaum wanita. Makalah ini bertujuan mengemukakan berbagai pemikiran (teoritis) tentang peran dan peluang wanita tani, serta memposisikan kembali strategi pengarusutamaan gender (gender mainstreaming) dalam strategi kebijakan pembangunan pertanian di perdesaan. Peran ganda wanita tani membuktikan sangat penting dan strategisnya pola nafkah ganda, sebagai upaya meningkatkan pendapatan. Potensi wanita tani, sebagai isteri dan ibu rumah tangga, merupakan faktor penting penentu keberhasilan strategi pengarusutamaan gender tersebut. Pemberdayaan perlu dilakukan melalui teknologi tepat guna dan inovatif, perlindungan terhadap tenaga kerja wanita, meningkatkan efektifitas penyuluhan dan pelatihan, perbaikan regulasi, fasilitas, dan tingkat upah, pelatihan dan pembinaan ketrampilan industri rumahtangga. Kesempatan kerja agar berimbang antar gender dan mengikutsertakan mereka dalam segala kegiatan pembangunan. Pemberdayaan wanita melalui strategi pengarusutamaan jender (gender mainstreaming), untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani di perdesaan.
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Tinc, Pamela J., Christopher Wolf-Gould, Carolyn Wolf-Gould, and Anne Gadomski. "Longitudinal Use of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to Evaluate the Creation of a Rural Center of Excellence in Transgender Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 9047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239047.
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Background: Transgender people face numerous barriers to accessing care, particularly in rural settings. Transportation, travel time, a lack of providers offering transgender care, and discrimination all contribute to these barriers. The Gender Wellness Center was established in New York State, USA, to fill a gap in rural transgender care and was subsequently awarded a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant to establish a Center of Excellence. This study examined the implementation of the Center of Excellence, a complex intervention, to assess barriers and facilitators to implementation over 18 months. Methods: The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to develop baseline and follow-up surveys. These were distributed to members of the core implementation team at the Gender Wellness Center at the midpoint and conclusion of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant. Responses were largely open-ended and analyzed qualitatively. Results: Results are presented in terms of CFIR domains and constructs, as well as the relative outlook (positive or negative) of implementation. Overall, there were improvements over time, with more encouraging feedback and examples of success at follow-up. Though true, organizational culture and individual beliefs about the provision of transgender care challenged implementation of the Center of Excellence throughout the project. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of organizational culture on implementation efforts, as well as the need for complex, multifaceted interventions to overcome such challenges in order to improve care for marginalized populations.
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Nwankwo, Elochukwu A. "Women and Heritage Preservation in Southeast Nigeria: Exploring New Approaches." Journal of Heritage Management 3, no. 2 (December 2018): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929618807983.
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The current state of women in heritage studies and the response of culture and tradition to gender issues in the rural areas are the basis for this article. The article examined the role of women in heritage preservation and promotion in Southeast Nigeria and beyond. This study was able to identify that women have great roles to play in the preservation of heritage resources in their various localities through different dimensions, and relevant/critical studies on heritage. Culture demands, treachery, inconsiderate gender struggles and gender limitations have hindered the potentialities of women in heritage issues. At the end, the study suggested new dimensions to the study of heritage that accommodate the relevance of women in heritage preservation and studies. These include feminist heritage, which implies that women and heritage can be studied in two fronts; looking at the activities of women in heritage preservation and the activities of women in heritage studies. Also important is the WECS Heritage Model which tends to address likely issues that may arise. The implication of the study is that it will open a new direction in heritage studies that would not only accommodate the relevance of women in heritage preservation and studies but also ensure smooth women studies on heritage resources in Southeast Nigeria and beyond.
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Wojcieszak-Zbierska, Monika, and Jan Zawadka. "CULTURAL VALUES AS A DETERMINANT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN RURAL AREAS AND THEIR POPULARITY AMONG POLES BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF FOLK CULTURE MUSEUMS." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7242.
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The aim of this article is to present the role and significance of cultural values in the development of rural tourism and their knowledge and popularity among Poles on the example of selected museums of folk culture in Mazovia and Podlasie. The survey was conducted among 459 people. The selection of respondents was quota-random. The research sample reflects the structure of Polish residents in terms of gender and major age groups. It allows us to conclude that many museums presenting folk culture enjoy great interest (eg. the National Ethnographic Museum in Warsaw, the Radom Village Museum or the Agriculture Museum in Ciechanowiec). Unfortunately, there are also some that are relatively rarely visited (eg. the Ethnographic Centre in Lelisa or the Museum of Small Homeland in Studziwody).
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Gil Arroyo, Claudia, Carla Barbieri, Sandra Sotomayor, and Whitney Knollenberg. "Cultivating Women’s Empowerment through Agritourism: Evidence from Andean Communities." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2019): 3058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113058.
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Tourism has the potential to empower women, particularly in rural areas. However, little is known about whether it can have the same effect in Andean communities, mainly because the traditional social and cultural structures of those communities have limited women’s ability to empower themselves through traditional economic activities. Through interviews with residents participating in agritourism development in seven communities across the Cusco and Puno regions (Peru, South America), this study examined the role of agritourism development in the empowerment of women in those communities as well as the ways in which it has changed traditional gender roles. Study findings revealed that agritourism contributes to four areas of empowerment for women: psychological, social, political, and economic. However, the culture of the Andean communities still has considerable influence on gender dynamics and may prevent women from garnering all the benefits of tourism development. Agritourism development in those communities should incorporate gender-related cultural considerations to navigate and overcome barriers, thereby allowing the maximization of empowerment benefits for women.
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Rimal, Ranju, and Rajan Binayek Pasa. "Motivational Factors for Women Employment in Vyas Municipality of Tanahu District, Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural Studies 15 (December 3, 2018): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njdrs.v15i0.31602.
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This study explains motivational/de-motivational factors for women employment from rural development standpoint. In doing so, quantitative approach and case study research design have been applied. The numeric data are collected from 72 respondents whereas narrative information are generated from five participants selected form five government and five non-government institutions of Vyas Municipality of Tanahu District. In this stance, anonymous self administered questionnaires and key informant interview techniques are applied. The result shows that motivational factors (i.e. salary, bonus, security, safety promotion) are encouraging women to perform their duty/responsibility effectively and efficiently with honorable way. They are not only supporting to their family livelihood but also playing gender role (social, economic & political roles) in community and society. However, some of the respondents are also experiencing less paid salary, sexual harassment, physical difficulties at the time of menstruation and not sufficient maternity leave (de-motivational factors). De-motivated women are failed to join in higher education and unable to perform gender role for rural development. Thus, better to address de-motivational factors by the local development stakeholders including aged persons supporting deeply rooted patriarchal systems of Hindu culture for motivating women for employment.
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Larson, Kim L., and Chris McQuiston. "Walking Out of One Culture Into Another: Health Concerns of Early Adolescent Latinos." Journal of School Nursing 24, no. 2 (April 2008): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405080240020701.
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Adolescence is considered a critical life transition that can lead to heightened vulnerability. Acculturation takes on increased importance during this period. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between acculturation and perceived health concerns of early adolescent Latinos in rural North Carolina. A qualitative descriptive design using gender-specific focus groups was conducted in the summer of 2001. Twenty-six Latino adolescents, predominantly from Mexico, participated in one of four focus groups. Acculturation was assessed using the Short Acculturation Scale ( Marin & Marin, 1991 ). The most prevalent health concern of the girls was unsolicited physical contact and aggressive male behavior. Boys expressed concerns about stress related to financial worries and drinking alcohol. A better understanding of where Latino adolescents are located in the acculturation process can assist school nurses in developing targeted school-based prevention programs that focus on building specific skills for Latino girls and boys.
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Wolf, Bryan J. "The Labor of Seeing: Pragmatism, Ideology, and Gender in Winslow Homer'sThe Morning Bell." Prospects 17 (October 1992): 273–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300004749.
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I wish to tell two stories here. The first, the briefer one, centers on the opening pages of William James's “The Sentiment of Rationality,” a seminal piece that helped launch James in the direction of pragmatism. The second, the bulk of the essay, focuses on a painting by Winslow Homer,The Morning Bell(ca. 1872, Figure 1), an early work that brings together Homer's interests in working-class figures, bucolic settings, and popular culture. There is little at first glance to link these two stories. While James proceeds to reinvent the notion of rationality, lending it an instrumental inflection that fits it for work in a postmetaphysical world, Homer conjures up images of rural New England for an audience still troubled by memories of the Civil War. Neither the subject of each work, nor their respective media, nor even their intended audiences, bear much in common.