To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Rural development. Entrepreneurship.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rural development. Entrepreneurship'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 46 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Rural development. Entrepreneurship.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Wilcox, Mark Elliot. "Rural entrepreneurial development effective policies for the 21st century /." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008wilcoxm.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Ngan, Kit-yan. "The role of entrepreneurship in China's economic development." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B15967414.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Todorov, Kiril <1978&gt. "Entrepreneurship influential factors in development of rural tourism as diversified rural activity in Republic of Macedonia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7029/.

Full text
Abstract:
Rural tourism is relatively new product in the process of diversification of the rural economy in Republic of Macedonia. This study used desk research and life story interviews of rural tourism entrepreneurs as qualitative research method to identify prevalent success influential factors. Further quantitative analysis was applied in order to measure the strength of influence of identified success factors. The primary data for the quantitative research was gathered using telephone questionnaire composed of 37 questions with 5-points Likert scale. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) by SmartPLS 3.1.6. Results indicated that human capital, social capital, entrepreneurial personality and external business environment are predominant influential success factors. However, human capital has non-significant direct effect on success (p 0.493) nonetheless the effect was indirect with high level of partial mediation through entrepreneurial personality as mediator (VAF 73%). Personality of the entrepreneur, social capital and business environment have direct positive affect on entrepreneurial success (p 0.001, 0.003 and 0.045 respectably). Personality also mediates the positive effect of social capital on entrepreneurial success (VAF 28%). Opposite to the theory the data showed no interaction between social and human capital on the entrepreneurial success. This research suggests that rural tourism accommodation entrepreneurs could be more successful if there is increased support in development of social capital in form of conservation of cultural heritage and natural attractions. Priority should be finding the form to encourage and support the establishment of formal and informal associations of entrepreneurs in order to improve the conditions for management and marketing of the sector. Special support of family businesses in the early stages of the operation would have a particularly positive impact on the success of rural tourism. Local infrastructure, access to financial instruments, destination marketing and entrepreneurial personality have positive effect on success.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

McMillan, Carolyn Lesley. "Entrepreneurship and development as freedom : the case of women in rural Nepal." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28364.

Full text
Abstract:
It is widely recognised that top-down, donor conditionality-driven and outside-expert-led initiatives that characterised early approaches to poverty alleviation among the world’s ‘bottom billion’ have largely failed. A new generation of development strategies, focused on entrepreneurship and small business ownership, are increasingly used to alleviate persistent poverty. This study explores the potential for entrepreneurship to act as a real and appropriate opportunity among rural Nepali women. Using the Capability Approach (CA) to define poverty and development, the thesis presents entrepreneurship as an opportunity that enables individuals to actively shape their lives and the lives of others to realise aspirations. This research study is exploratory and adopts a qualitative research approach, drawing data from the remote Rapti Zone in Mid-West Nepal. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine established women entrepreneurs and seven nascent women entrepreneurs involved with an entrepreneurship enabling organisation. These were complemented by data drawn from eight local experts and a village hall meeting with 26 participants. This data collection strategy enabled the study to present a contextualised understanding of female entrepreneuring within a remote and impoverished community. The results of the study contribute to ongoing debates regarding the relationship between entrepreneurship, capabilities and poverty as capability deprivation. The study contributes to a better understanding of the emancipatory impacts of entrepreneurship; highlights the significance of context on entrepreneurial opportunity and the transformative value of entrepreneurship enabling organisations; and presents evidence to suggest that entrepreneurship (as a new opportunity) enables a departure from pre-existing constraints through the extension of gender roles. Finally, the study indicates that, through collective agency, entrepreneurship has the potential to indirectly emancipate other women and girls within their context, contributing to a true departure from the intellectual, psychological, economic, social, institutional or cultural constraints that have, over the years, inhibited the actions of Nepali women.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ngan, Kit-yan, and 顔傑恩. "The role of entrepreneurship in China's economic development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954467.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Genandt, James D. "A Case Study of Rural Community Colleges' Transition to Entrepreneurship." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4059.

Full text
Abstract:
The traditional role of workforce training by community colleges in support of regional economic development is insufficient to help rural areas survive in a global economy. Rural community colleges are uniquely positioned to provide enhanced economic development support through entrepreneurship and small business development programs. Using Woolcock and Narayan's conceptualization of social capital, the purpose of this case study of 4 community colleges in a midwest state was to identify specific entrepreneurship strategies rural community colleges use relative to economic development. The data were collected via email and telephone interviews with 11 employees connected to leadership and/or economic development from the 4 community colleges. Interview data were transcribed, inductively coded, and subjected to thematic analysis according to job duties of the respondents. Findings from this study indicate that key factors in improving entrepreneurial capacity include a need to strengthen leadership development, and enhance regional social capital through synergy networks linked to economic development efforts involving the rural college. These findings are similar to the Rural Community College Initiative that was funded by the Ford Foundation. The implications for social change stemming from this study include advocating entrepreneurship through social capital and shared vision via rural community colleges to stabilize and strengthen those regions, with the potential creating more vibrant economies for rural communities.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Jin, Yuze. "Entrepreneurial decision for rural development under social network effect." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244534.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Siemens, Lynne Marie. "Rural businesses on Vancouver Island : challenges and opportunities." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/1840.

Full text
Abstract:
Many rural areas are undergoing structural changes as jobs in forestry, fishing, mining, agricultural and other natural resource-based industries decline. These communities, often based around these industries, are generally small and located some distance from urban areas. They are faced with decreasing population as residents and their families leave for jobs elsewhere. As a result, the communities and residents are looking for alternative ways to create employment and sustain themselves. Given the nature of these rural locations, many small businesses based there face challenges that are not generally experienced by enterprises in urban areas. Some communities are not accessible by paved road while others are not accessible by road at all, relying instead on water and air transportation. The business people in these areas often operate without standard business infrastructure, which can include telephone lines, broadband Internet, banking services and other items, and can have difficulty accessing supplies, customers, employees and other required materials. However, there has been relatively little research on the challenges facing rural businesses and the specific methods by which these owners mitigate these challenges. Understanding and addressing the challenges faced by these businesses becomes important in order to support and encourage economic growth and development in these rural communities. Building on this context, this research looks to answer the following questions: • Why do people start businesses in rural locations? • What type of businesses do they start? • What challenges do these rural businesses face? • How do owners respond to these challenges? Vancouver Island and the surrounding smaller islands in British Columbia, Canada serve as the research site. Given the exploratory nature of this research, an inductive approach has been selected with the use of case studies, interviews and grounded theory analysis. Purposeful sampling is used with the sample businesses meeting specific criteria, based on location, business size and definition of success. These businesses are interviewed at their locations to allow the researcher to experience the challenges associated with accessing the particular rural community. The interview topics are focused on the above research questions. There are several common characteristics among the sample owners and their businesses. The owners tend to be in-migrants who moved to the rural area for lifestyle reasons. They have started their business to provide an income, take advantage of a business opportunity, or both. Family members, particularly spouses, are actively involved in the business. In many cases, participants supplement their business income with other income sources to ensure business viability. Success is measured generally by personal and lifestyle goals, rather than financial criteria. The businesses face common challenges in terms of a limited local population base which impacts on market size and labour pool, rural location and access to urban centres, gaps in business and social services infrastructure and heavy time demands. The owners respond to these challenges in a variety of ways which includes the involvement of family, core business diversification, alternative income sources, long hours invested in the business and involvement with the community. To meet these challenges and devise their responses, the owners draw upon four key resources – their own skills and attitudes, their family, business and community. The resulting conceptual framework draws together these key resources and suggests that all four must be present to ensure success within a rural context. Each resource is comprised of several components which contribute to business success. The framework also integrates several resource-based theories, which consider the key resources either separately or in pairs, to create a holistic model. The conclusions focus on several key areas. This research contributes to the knowledge base on rural small businesses by creating a framework that draws directly from the experience of these owners and their objectives and motivations for their businesses. It reflects their internal focus and a concentration of the four resources that they access easily from within their domain. This research also suggests some possible roles for government which focus on its role in shaping the larger environment, particularly at the infrastructure level and human capital development. Finally, future research directions are recommended. This study considers a relatively unexplored topic and suggests ways for rural small businesses to address the challenges which they face. With this knowledge, individuals, businesses, communities and other interested organizations can work to achieve their economic development goals.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Cader, Hanas A. "Rural competitiveness in a changing economy : information technology, E-commerce, entrepreneurship and small business development /." Search for this dissertation online, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Carter, Sara. "The role of farms in rural business development." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2203.

Full text
Abstract:
In recent years the rural enterprise has become a key theme in small business research. Despite an extensive and increasingly sophisticated literature analysing rural firms, the research effort has largely excluded agnculture. This exclusion reflects a wider separation of agriculture and industry which is apparent not only in scholarship, but in the political, social and economic institutions which surround the farm sector. Although there have been persuasive arguments for a more multi-disciplinary approach to the analysis of rurality and calls for comparisons to be drawn between farms and other small businesses, few such attempts have been made and the analysis of rural business development remains charactensed by disciplinary polarity. This thesis seeks to redress this by analysing farms using conventional small business paradigms and methodologies. Three specific issues were examined: the extent to which farms conform to small business norms; the engagement of farms in additional business activities; and the differences between farms undertaking additional business activities and those maintaining monoactive approaches. The results reveal similarities between farms and other rural enterpnses and demonstrate the continued importance of farms as creators of employment and wealth in rural areas Importantly, farms are shown to have a hitherto, unrecognized role in accommodating and fostenng rural small firms in non-farm sectors. The study supports the view that multiple business ownership activities may have been under-reported in the small business research literature. Tins analysis suggests that additional business activities are best viewed as a continuum, from the diversification of existing assets to the establishment of independent and separately registered firms. Policy liberalization, demand side changes and shifts in the demographic profile of farm owners are expected to increase the number of faims engaging in additional business activities. These factors are also expected to increase the smulanties between farms and other rural enterprises. The thesis concludes that there are benefits to be gamed from the inclusion of the farm sector in small business analyses. The sector is dominated by family owned, small businesses that have largely survived the transition through generations. As such, the sector offers small business researchers a unique opportunity to analyse issues at the centre of small business debate Moreover, it is argued that a small business approach to the analysis of the farm sector offers a particularly relevant, but hitherto absent, insight into the future development of rural areas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Mukhopadhyay, Boidurjo. "Solar energy based entrepreneurship and rural development : analysing institutional arrangements that support solar energy entrepreneurs in India." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68229/.

Full text
Abstract:
Renewable energy (RE hereafter) has been observed as a potentially significant new source of jobs and rural growth in both OECD and BRICs countries, and a means of addressing environmental and energy security concerns. The global deployment of RE has been expanding rapidly. For instance, the RE electricity sector grew by 26% between 2005 and 2010 globally and currently provides about 20% of the world's total power (including hydro-power) (OECD, 2012). Rural areas attract a large part of investment related to renewable energy deployment, rending to be sparsely populated but with abundant sources of RE. Several case studies have found that RE deployment can provide hosting communities with some benefits including new revenue sources, new job and business opportunities, innovation in products/practices/policies in rural areas, capacity building and community empowerment, and affordable energy. There is a growing body of evidence on the instrumental role that entrepreneurs and small businesses play in driving local and national economies. The structure of rural economies is essentially composed of small enterprises, which are responsible for most of the job growth and the innovation. Rural development is a key element of strategies to reduce poverty and create income and employment opportunities (UNIDO, 2003). It is important to unleash and harness the creativity of grassroots entrepreneurs but they are posed with many challenges, the biggest being these grassroots inventions don't scale up. To overcome these challenges and promote rural entrepreneurship, support roles are required; this is also where the importance and role of institutions and their planned arrangements (for example, partnerships) are much debated in both domestic and international forums. This research investigates the current institutional arrangements that support solar entrepreneurship which creates solar energy based income-generating micro enterprises in rural India. In addition to that, it explores the wider implications on rural development that these entrepreneurships have while using these solar RETs. Institutions and individuals promoting rural development see entrepreneurship as a strategic development intervention that could accelerate the rural development process (Ezeibe, 2013). India, being the only country with a national ministry dedicated to RE initiatives (the MNRE, Government of India) and also ranking third on the renewable energy country attractiveness index (E&Y, 2013; 2016) makes an interesting country choice for investigation. The thesis applies a qualitative research method with an exploratory design to understand the interaction process between institutions and how different institutions support rural development to generate an in-depth analysis of existing institutions using a conceptual framework.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

April, Wilfred Isak. "An exploration of entrepreneurship potential among rural youth in Namibia : the Arandis village." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1459.

Full text
Abstract:
Background: Entrepreneurship potential amongst rural Nama youth should be considered a courageous idea to enhance the motivation and development of the community. At independence in 1990, Namibia developed its own economic and youth policies which were drafted in alignment with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which address concerns about the role rural young people, can play in their own communities. Theoretical Background: This paper explores the role of indigenous entrepreneurship as it pertains to development amongst rural youth in Namibia. It considers the cultural context within which entrepreneurship takes place. To identify and understand the cultural context, the study draws upon the theoretical frameworks of Geert Hofstede, specifically his continuum of individualism/collectivism. The need to continually incorporate new aspects whilst consciously maintaining the traditional, reflects a key African concept, that of "Ubuntu" (unmuntu ngumutu ngabantu). Methodology: An empirical investigation of rural youth in Arandis village was conducted. To explore the significance of entrepreneurship, culture and the notion of Ubuntu in Africa, a comprehensive study of stakeholder views at both a community and national level was also carried out. These investigations were guided by questionnaires, in-depth interviews (supported by story-telling), playback national radio interviews, a panel discussion and a review of Namibian policy documents. Analysis of data also explored practical initiatives and possible forms of enterprise which could contribute to the creation of opportunity for youth in Arandis and in Namibia. Findings: The major findings of this thesis are that: entrepreneurship in Namibia is defined by participants and stakeholders as the efforts made by an individual in accumulating the necessary resources to benefit the community; rural young people in Arandis are potential entrepreneurs (illustrated, by the strong passion they showed to be role models in their community and their strong sense of cultural identity).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Rose, Benita. "The impact of micro-enterprise training on SME development – A case study from rural Dominican Republic." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6801.

Full text
Abstract:
Masters in Public Administration - MPA<br>In the Dominican Republic (DR) the development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in rural areas is of great importance because SMEs generate employment and increase local capacity in areas with the highest poverty rates in the country. Ultimately, SME development can contribute to poverty alleviation especially in rural areas. Micro-enterprise training as a form of capacity development initiatives aim at effective empowerment of entrepreneurs and prospective entrepreneurs, which allow them to build capacities to develop their business. These capacities will enhance their ability to ensure sustainability of decisions that influence their quality of life. So far, very little research has been conducted on the precise effects and overall effectiveness of SME-related training in the Dominican Republic. Against this background, it is of great benefit to evaluate impacts of micro-enterprise training initiatives on the development of SMEs in rural DR, in order to find out which factors stimulate the creation and growth of enterprises and which factors hinder their development. This allows effective adjustments of future support initiatives in the development sector and it contributes to the existing empirical evidence base in this field. This study applies Human Capital Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour as theoretical frameworks to analyze impacts of micro-enterprise training on SME development. Secondary data for this study was drawn from the Dominican tourism-project La Ruta del Cacao, applying a mixed-method approach for the data collection. Quantitative research methods in the form of a semi-structured questionnaire helped to quantify the impacts of provided micro-enterprise training. Qualitative methods in the form of Focus Group Discussions allowed an in-depth analysis of training impacts on respondents, with the aim of identifying influencing factors, especially those which the theoretical framework may not have covered. The theoretical discussion of this study identified that entrepreneurial intentions are mediated by the attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. The empirical results show that the provided training is likely to have slightly improved the participants attitude towards enterprise creation. Perceived subjective norms have not decreased due to the training and appear not to have played a role in the participants decision to start or not start a business. The participants perceived behavioural control is not likely to have increased due to the training. On the other hand, results indicate that the training provided participants with useful entrepreneurship-related skills and knowledge. Overall, the participants entrepreneurial intentions slightly improved as a result of the training. However, the impact of these outputs on SME development was rather modest. Identified external factors which influenced the participants entrepreneurial behaviour were a lack of capital, job loss, having a family to take care of, being part of an entrepreneurial family and the existence of an entrepreneurial role model. Intrinsic characteristics were identified as the most influential in demonstrating successful entrepreneurial behaviour and SME creation. The findings of this research contribute firstly to the existing evidence base of micro-enterprise training impacts in rural Dominican Republic. In addition, the findings contribute to the literature base on applications of both Human Capital Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour in the field of entrepreneurship education.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Dzansi, Dennis Yao. "Social responsibility of SMMEs in rural communities." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03302005-112633.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Fisher, Mary Caperton. "Aging America: Essays on Population Aging and the Physical and Economic Landscapes in the United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39257.

Full text
Abstract:
Major population shifts shape both economic and physical landscapes of nations because demographic and economic drivers are inextricably linked. This study follows a three essay approach focused on the impact of population aging on two broad categories, physical and economic development in the United States. Specifically, this dissertation investigates later life entrepreneurship, elder housing choices and the impact of aging on rural prosperity. It appears that age is a factor in later life labor force participation choices, with 61 to 70 year olds and those over 70 years of age exhibiting a greater tendency toward self-employment than their 50 to 60 year old counterparts. However, individuals over age 60 are more likely to retire than transition to self-employment. Still, economic developers should consider small business development programs that include even those ahead of the baby boomer cohort. Amongst recent mover households, age influences dwelling selection. Households headed by 50 to 69 year olds are more likely to move to single family dwellings of 1,000 to just under 3,000 square feet. Conversely, households headed by individuals aged 70 years or more, are more likely to select multi-family dwellings and in particular, smaller units (under 1,000 square feet). Thus, oldest individuals are more likely to relocate to the smallest, highest density units even after controlling for increased housing costs, shocks, income and children. These results suggest that older households are not homogenous in their housing preferences. As expected, population aging impacts rural prosperity. The effect is not significant for the proportion of the population aged 70 to 79 years. However, the greater the percentage of the population that is 50 to 59 years of old or 60 to 69 years old, the less likely a rural county is to be prosperous. Contrary to this finding, the greater the proportion of the population that is 80 years of age or older, the greater the likelihood of rural prosperity. It was originally hypothesized that rural areas may fall short of prosperity because of a mismatch between an aging labor force and the prevalence of physically demanding occupations - this is likely not the case.<br>Ph. D.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Roza, Mafalda Correia Larroudé Trigo da. "Mozambikes – The challenges of growth." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11610.

Full text
Abstract:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>Mozambikes is a Mozambican social enterprise founded in 2009, whose mission is to “transform the lives of rural Mozambicans by providing higher quality bicycles at low market prices throughout the country.”1 The idea of Mozambikes resulted from a roadtrip, in which Lauren and Rui came across many rural Mozambicans walking and carrying heavy burdens on foot. They realized that bicycles would provide a quicker and safer way to reach the cities and improve their standard of living. The co-founders have therefore designed an innovative business model that allows them to accomplish their mission. In December 2011 the first order was dispatched and since then the social enterprise has gained recognition and has created three new business models, different from the initial one, in order to achieve a wider range of customers. At the end of 2012, 1,000 bicycles had been sold. During the next 6 years the co-founders want to expand in order to better achieve Mozambikes’ mission, producing 25,000 bicycles per year. To do this, they need to develop a strategic plan towards a scaling up process.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

SANTOS, Paulo Manoel dos. "Incubação de negócios em Pernambuco : o caso da INCUBATEC Rural." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2014. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4638.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-08T15:31:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Manoel dos Santos.pdf: 1101791 bytes, checksum: bf34b99a31ef8a72957ed5037c3955bb (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T15:31:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Manoel dos Santos.pdf: 1101791 bytes, checksum: bf34b99a31ef8a72957ed5037c3955bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-27<br>The Incubators of Technology-Based Start-ups have potential and significant role in the socioeconomic development of the country. Thus, the study comes to conduct an investigation into a process of incubation of technology-based start-ups in an incubator maintained by an institution of higher education. Its overall goal was to analyze the dynamics of the process, and specific at identifying the factors that led entrepreneurs to seek the incubator support; analyze ongoing projects by identifying the factors that helped or hindered entrepreneurs reach their goals and investigate discontinued projects identifying the factors that motivated their closure. We attempted to contextualize the incubator as a favorable tool to support the development of innovative business. In order to meet the proposed objectives, it was decided to perform an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research. The methodology used was content analysis aimed at a case study, based on information contained in reports and papers produced by the entrepreneurs and the incubator’s management. The instrument used to collect information to entrepreneurs, who together make up the universe of the research, was the semi-structured questionnaire. The survey results signaled that the entrepreneurs who had their incubated projects, both those still in progress and those that suffered discontinuities, received support from the incubator with regard to entrepreneurial training. However, lacked them better support for structuring the business, seeking financing and leasing of space that best favored the development of incubated projects. Another relevant point identified by the research was the need for greater participation of professors and students among entrepreneurs in the actions of support and incentives to the emergence of new business via business incubators.<br>As Incubadoras de Empresas de Base Tecnológica apresentam potencial e significativo papel no desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país. Desse modo, o estudo trata de realizar uma investigação sobre um processo de incubação de empresas nascentes de base tecnológica em uma incubadora mantida por uma instituição de ensino superior. O seu objetivo geral foi de analisar a dinâmica do processo, e os específicos foram identificar os fatores que levaram os empreendedores a buscar o apoio da incubadora; analisar os projetos em andamento identificando os fatores que auxiliaram ou dificultaram os empreendedores a alcançar seus objetivos e investigar os projetos descontinuados com identificação dos fatores que motivaram o seu encerramento. Buscou-se contextualizar a incubadora como instrumento favorável para apoiar o desenvolvimento de negócios inovadores. Com a finalidade de atender aos objetivos propostos, optou-se pela realização de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória e descritiva. A metodologia utilizada foi a de análise de conteúdo destinada a estudo de caso, com base em informações contidas em relatórios e textos produzidos pelos empreendedores e pela gestão da incubadora. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de informações juntos aos empreendedores que compõem o universo da pesquisa foi o questionário com roteiro semiestruturado. Os resultados da pesquisa sinalizaram que todos os empreendedores que tiveram seus projetos incubados, tanto os que continuam em andamento quanto os que sofreram descontinuidades receberam o apoio da incubadora no tocante a capacitação empreendedora. No entanto, faltaram-lhes melhores apoios para a estruturação do negócio, busca de financiamentos e cessão de espaço que melhor favorecesse o desenvolvimento dos projetos incubados. Outro ponto relevante identificado com a pesquisa foi à necessidade de uma maior participação de docentes junto aos empreendedores e discentes nas ações de apoio e incentivos ao surgimento de novos negócios via incubadora de empresas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Van, Deventer Johanna Elizabeth. "Motivation and proposal for an integrated rural entrepreneurial developement agency for the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18208.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>The purpose of the research report is to propose a model for an integrated rural entrepreneurial development agency in the Western Cape. In September 2010, it was reported that the economic development landscape in the Western Cape could expect significant changes in the coming months. Urban economic development has received a lot of attention in the past and probably will in the future as urban areas are densely populated with high incidences of poverty and unemployment. Rural areas on the other hand has not received the deserved attention and the work that are done somehow seem not to have the desired impact. The proposed model was developed from models available in literature and practical experience gained at Casidra (Pty) Ltd. Casidra is currently the implementing agent for the Western Cape Provincial Government with a focus on rural development. From the literature study, it is clear that entrepreneurial development in rural areas have some basic requirements such as community buy in into the process, a catalyst to start the process, skills and entrepreneurial training, access to markets and the establishment of a network of role players to drive the process of development. The proposed model explores possible opportunities and relationship that could assist in the process of rural entrepreneurial development. The proposed model could be standalone agency and function as such or it could be part of the proposed Economic Development Agency in the Western Cape driving rural development in the Province.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Amick, Abby L. "Improving community connection to its youth: the case of Wabaunsee county." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13065.

Full text
Abstract:
Master of Agribusiness<br>Department of Agricultural Economics<br>Vincent R. Amanor-Boadu<br>Population out-migration from rural communities has caused significant distress in the Midwest of the United States. This distress comes from loss of the communities’ human capital which supports its economic well being. For example, the declining human capital implies lack of employees and consumers to support local business and lower populations that lead to consolidation of schools and services as well as increased per capita costs for these services. Population loss is caused by a variety of reasons, the most discussed being lack of economic opportunities for young people in these small and rural communities. This thesis sought to increase appreciation of the problem by focusing on a single county in Kansas, Wabaunsee County, and assessing the factors that influenced out-migration decisions of its youth. The hypothesis was that understanding these factors and their strength would provide local policy makers with the tools to intervene in the dimensions of the problem of out-migration long before it happens. The data was drawn from a survey of the population of high school students and covered their perspectives about their community and their future location plans. The total number of respondents to the survey was 172, and of these, only 12 percent totally agreed that at least one adult (not parent) has talked to them about opportunities that would encourage them to return home after their post high school or college education. Only about 10 percent totally agreed that there are opportunities in their community for young people to work with adults. These results provide an opportunity for policy makers to engage adults in the community to provide mentorship opportunities for the community’s young people. While the majority of the respondents indicated going to college, only 11 percent indicated that they would return to live and work in Wabaunsee County after graduation. An even lower percentage of respondents indicated retiring in Wabaunsee County when asked to “think way into the future” and indicate whether they would like to retire in the country. The results indicate that the most critical variables influencing respondents’ intent to return after their education included community connection, their age and the existence of a business connection in the county. For example, the relative risk ratio (RRR) for those with community connections was 35 times as high as those without any community connection in their intent to return after college. Similarly, those with business interest in Wabaunsee County with interest in coming back after college exhibited a RRR of 345.15. Similar indicators were found for intentions to retire in Wabaunsee County. It is obvious that the community cannot keep all of its young people. Indeed, it does not want to keep all of them if these young people are going to achieve their personal excellence. However, the community’s leadership can work with local businesses to provide the youth with clear and compelling connections to local and family businesses to increase their community connections. The results of this research indicate that these stronger ties would increase the likelihood that these young people would return. Their return, given the historical trends, would signify a break from the past and contribute to an arrest of the declining population and, hopefully, contribute to an alleviation of the challenges associated with declining population in these small communities.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Perold, Jana. "Entrepreneurial development through non-formal adult education and skills training in a rural community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53411.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (Master of Consumer Science)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In recent years unemployment figures in South Africa have reached alarming proportions. Many people do not have any form of income, and many others rely on irregular incomes from seasonal work. Education of adults has been highlighted as a possibility for teaching people various skills, which they could apply to generate an income for themselves. This research was conducted by following a participatory action research method to determine whether a nonformal adult education programme would assist individuals in generating an income. The literature review to support the research conducted included a discussion on poverty, rural areas and their development, and the relevance of entrepreneurial development for these areas. From here, the focus of the literature review moved to that of adult education as applied in training programmes. Participatory Action Research (PAR) and its role in a nonformal adult education programme is discussed, followed by a discussion of empowerment. The monitoring and evaluation of these programmes are also described. The Development and Advancement of Rural Entrepreneurship (DARE) is a programme that was launched in 2000 by the Department of Consumer Science: Foods, Clothing, Housing at the University of Stellenbosch. The main focus of this programme is the assistance given to rural communities to assist them in addressing the problem of unemployment and poverty, by providing support and training to potential local entrepreneurs. The rural town of Montagu was identified to conduct a nonformal adult education programme, focusing on skills training and entrepreneurial development of interested individuals in the community. The research period lasted 14 months. The programme itself consisted of different projects that concentrated on skills training suitable for income generation. People from the community were invited to attend the programme, making all participation voluntary. A PAR approach to present training skills was followed. Each PAR cycle consisted of four stages, namely planning, action, observation, reflection, as well as the revised plan which forms the first phase of the next plan. This approach ensures maximum involvement of participants. Empowerment levels of participants were measured using a standardised questionnaire with a pre- and post- test design. One of the PAR cycles included a five-day business course. Different aspects of entrepreneurship were addressed during the programme and eventually all the skills were combined and implemented to assist in the generation of income. Data of the empowerment levels of participants, and general information on the participants and their evaluation of the programme are documented as case studies. This data was also used to evaluate the success of the programme. The analysis of the data clearly shows that there was a need for skills development and entrepreneurial development in this rural area. Participants were eager to take part in the programme and to apply their skills in the market place where they displayed the skills they have acquired. Those participants who completed the programme all demonstrated an increase in their empowerment levels, the most significant increase on micro level. The research results indicated that participants were able to apply the knowledge and skills gained during the programme. However, four months after the completion of the programme none of them were involved in income-generation ventures. Despite the fact that the need for training existed in this rural area, sustainability was problematic once the facilitator withdrew. It is therefore recommended that novice entrepreneurs should have long-term guidance and emotional support in order to reach independence eventually.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die werkloosheid syfer in Suid-Afrika het die afgelope paar jaar onrusbarend toegeneem. 'n Groot aantal mense het geen vorm van inkomste nie, en baie maak staat op die inkomste wat hulle uit seisoenwerk genereer. Opleiding van volwassenes is aangedui as 'n wyse waarop mense 'n verskeidenheid vaardighede kan aanleer wat hulle dan kan toepas om sodoende vir hulself 'n inkomste te genereer. Hierdie navorsing is onderneem om te bepaal of 'n nieformele opleidingsprogram waar 'n deelnemende aksienavorsingsmetode (DAN) gevolg is, individue sal kan help om 'n inkomste te genereer. Die literatuuroorsig wat die navorsing onderskryf, sluit 'n bespreking in van armoede, landelike areas en die ontwikkeling daarvan asook van die relevansie van entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling in hierdie areas. Die fokus van die literatuur verskuif dan na volwasse onderwys, soos toegepas in opleidings programme. Daarna word deelnemende aksienavorsing (DAN) en die rol daarvan in programme in nieformele onderwys vir volwassenes bespreek. Dit word gevolg deur 'n bespreking van bemagtiging. Laastens word monitering en evaluering van programme bespreek. Die Development and Advancement of Rural Enterprises (DARE) Program is deur die Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Departement Verbruikerswetenskap: Voedsel, Kleding, Behuising in 2000 geloods. Die fokus van die program is om bystand aan landelike gemeenskappe ten opsigte van die hantering van werkloosheid en armoede aan te spreek. Die landelike dorp Montagu, is geïdentifiseer as 'n area om 'n nieformele onderwysprogram vir volwassenes wat fokus op vaardigheidsopleiding en entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling van belangstellende individue in die gemeenskap, aan te bied. Mense van die gemeenskap is uitgenooi om vrywillig aan die program deel te neem. Die navorsingsperiode het oor 14 maande gestrek. Die program self het bestaan uit verskillende projekte wat op opleidingsvaardighede geskik om 'n inkomste te genereer, fokus. 'n Deelnemende aksienavorsingsmetode is gevolg om opleidingsvaardighede aan te bied. Elke DAN-siklus het uit vier fases bestaan, naamlik beplanning, aksie, observasie en besinning. 'n Hersieningsplan het deel uitgemaak van die eerste fase van die volgende siklus. Hierdie benadering het maksimum betrokkenheid deur deelnemers verseker. Tydens een van die DAN siklusse, is deelnemers se bemagtingingsvlakke gemeet deur gebruik te maak van 'n gestandaardiseerde vraelys met 'n voor- en ná-toets ontwerp. Een van die DAN-siklusse het uit 'n vyf-dag sakekursus bestaan. Verskillende aspekte van entrepreneurskap is tydens die program aangespreek en ten slotte is alle vaardighede saamgevoeg en geïmplementeer om die generering van inkomste aan te moedig. Gevallestudies is gebruik om deelnemers se bemagtigingsvlakke, algemene inligting oor die deelnemers en die deelnemers se evaluering van die program aan te teken. Hierdie data is ook gebruik om die sukses van die program te evalueer. Die data analise wys uitdruklik dat daar 'n behoefte was aan die ontwikkeling van vaardighede en entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling in hierdie landelike gebied. Deelnemers was gretig om aan die program deel te neem en om vaardighede wat aangeleer is, toe te pas op die ope mark. Die deelnemers wat die program voltooi het, het almal 'n verbetering ten opsigte van hulle vlakke van bemagtiging getoon, met die grootste verbetering op die mikrovlak. Die navorsingsresultate bevestig dat die deelnemers hulle vaardighede en kennis wat in die program verwerf is, kon toepas. Nogtans was geeneen van die deelnemers wat die program voltooi het, vier maande ná die afloop van die program besig om 'n inkomste te genereer nie. AI was daar 'n behoefte aan opleiding in hierdie landelike area geidentifiseer, was daar, nadat die fasiliteerder onttrek het, geen volhoubaarheid van die program nie. Daar word dus aanbeveel dat opkomende entrepreneurs langtermynondersteuning sal geniet wat uiteindelik tot hul onafhanklikheid sal lei.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

RANGEL, JUNIOR João Francisco Lins Brayner. "Empreendedorismo e capital humano no desenvolvimento local : o caso de Lajes – PE." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2009. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4538.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-05-25T16:27:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Francisco L B Rangel Junior.pdf: 1765780 bytes, checksum: a906be6b539d23f74a15189dfdc7ab24 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-25T16:27:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Francisco L B Rangel Junior.pdf: 1765780 bytes, checksum: a906be6b539d23f74a15189dfdc7ab24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-09<br>The aim of this dissertation was to identify the relationship and importance of human capital with entrepreneurship and its resulting importance to the creation of wealth and promotion of local development. The research was developed in Lajes, a rural community located in the municipality of Caruaru, in the state of Pernambuco, whose economic activities are now predominantly urban. Theoretical frameworks on non-agricultural activities were considered, namely those of Schumpeter. An analysis of the sources of the economic development process was also taken into account in relation to the entrepreneurship behavior of the community and policies and strategies for local development were also considered. This way, the basic research problem was posed as the productive activity of a rural community which was mainly agricultural and became transformed, by the influence of technology and innovation, in an entrepreneurship community, producing petty commodity products for the urban market, mainly textile final products. This community differentiation led to the creation of wealth and contributed to the improvement of its well being and the promotion of local development without, reference made, the apparatus of state policies.<br>O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a relação e importância do capital humano associado ao empreendedorismo, a influência dessa relação na geração de riquezas e conseqüente desenvolvimento local. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em Lajes, comunidade localizada no Segundo Distrito municipal de Caruaru–PE, situado na zona rural do município, cujas atividades empreendedoras são predominantemente não-agrícolas. Foram consideradas abordagens teóricas sobre atividades não-agrícolas, como também enfoques do conhecimento e empreendedorismo, sobretudo em Schumpeter. Foi fomentada uma análise sobre desenvolvimento econômico através do comportamento empreendedor de uma comunidade e algumas reflexões sobre políticas públicas no aspecto do desenvolvimento local. Desta forma, o problema foi identificado através da observação da atividade produtiva de uma comunidade situada na zona rural, originalmente agrícola que passa a adotar através da aquisição de conhecimento e revelação da capacidade empreendedora, a identificação de oportunidade com uma atividade não-agrícola, qual seja a produção de confecções, e que assim consegue gerar riqueza e melhoria na qualidade de vida. Por fim, verificou-se que pode haver desenvolvimento local, inclusive com a ausência de políticas públicas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Ngcaba, Yandisa. "Managing the conflict between social and economic value : the case of the Amadlelo Project." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020151.

Full text
Abstract:
The objective of the study was to investigate the role that social entrepreneurship can play in rural economic development. This objective was achieved by answering the following secondary research questions: How do for-profit social ventures create social value? How sustainable are the for-profit social venture projects in rural areas? What are the challenges facing for-profit social ventures in scaling up their projects? What metrics can be used to monitor and measure social ventures? What are the leadership traits of social entrepreneurs? The point of departure in resolving the objective of this study was to do an analysis of the available literature relevant to the research. The literature review covered was on rural development and social entrepreneurship. Rural development literature covered issues specific to rural development such as the history of rural development in South Africa, land redistribution and restitution and food security, amongst others. Social entrepreneurship literature dealt with the following issues: charity organisations, corporate social responsibility, for-profit social ventures and social capital, amongst others. The researcher used a multiple case study method to resolve the objective of the research. It was conducted with five projects of Amadlelo Agri in the Eastern Cape. An empirical and qualitative study was conducted with forty one employees and six senior managers of Amadlelo Agri respectively in order to test the theory. The results of the empirical and qualitative study were compared to the reviewed literature in order to ascertain whether Amadlelo Agri complied with the findings of the literature review. The research concludes that for-profit social ventures can play a very important role in rural development by turning latent community assets into profitable businesses for the benefit of the community; reducing unemployment and poverty; bringing financial and other resources needed in rural communities and by providing skills development.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Ndiaye, Amma. "Etude comparée des stratégies de développement durable en Afrique subsaharienne basées sur la valorisation d'une agro-ressource spécifique : le cas de la spiruline." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIME007.

Full text
Abstract:
Dans un contexte où les procédés industriels polluants et mobilisant des ressources non renouvelables sont sans cesse remis en cause, des modifications structurelles en vue de mettre en place des modes de production durables et d’assoir la croissance sur une base pérenne, s’imposent notamment aux pays en développement dans leurs stratégies d’industrialisation.Dans ce contexte, la valorisation de la spiruline, une ressource naturelle renouvelable, à usage multiple et aux propriétés exceptionnelles s’inscrit dans cette logique.Outre ses vertus thérapeutiques et nutritionnelles, la spiruline est non seulement sans danger pour l’environnement, mais elle présente également un intérêt écologique du fait de ses propriétés photosynthétiques.Sur le plan socio-économique, la spiruline pourrait apporter une réponse significative aux problèmes du sous-développement et notamment la malnutrition et la pauvreté. En effet, sa valorisation permet de générer des revenus réguliers aux personnes qui s’y emploient et permet ainsi, l’autonomisation financière des couches vulnérables.Aujourd’hui, la valorisation de la spiruline se répand un peu partout en Afrique mais la viabilité et le succès des projets dépendent de divers défis à relever.L’objectif de notre travail est donc de montrer en quoi, comment et sous quelles conditions les stratégies de développement durable basées sur la valorisation de la spiruline peuvent être un vecteur de développement pour les pays d’Afrique Subsaharienne<br>In a context of major questioning about polluting industrial processes and mobilising non-renewable resources, structural modifications in order to set up sustainable production methods and to establish the economical growth in a long-term base, are namely necessary for african countries in their development stratégies.In this way, spirulina valorisation, a renewable resource, for multiple use and with outstanding properties, belongs in this logical.Besides its therapeutic values and nutritional qualities, spirulina is not only safe for environment, but also it presents interest due to photosynthesis.In terms of socio-economics, spirulina could bring significant response to underdevelopment problems, and namely malnutrition and poverty. Indeed, its valorisation permit to generate regular incomes to the persons who work in and also, permit financial empowerment of vulnerable population groups.Nowadays, spirulina valorisation spread accross Africa but continuity and succes of spirulina projects depend on various challenges to be met.Therefore, the aim of this work is to demonstrate in what way, how and under which conditions, sustainable development strategies based on spirulina valorisation can be a vector of development for Subsahara Africa countries
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Saide, Eusebio M. "Community building for economic empowerment in rural Mozambique: An exploratory study in the Maganja da Costa District." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1711.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.<br>Though the Maganja da Costa District in Mozambique has potential for the development of natural resources, the District is neither economically self-reliant nor empowered and is the poorest within the country. Thus, the research question set for this study is: What are the main factors that inhibit poor people in the study area from effectively using local resources for their livelihoods and what possible alternatives could enable them to achieve economic empowerment? In an attempt to answer the question, the following aspects were investigated: the systems of local resources, product and indigenous knowledge use and management; the local mechanisms of acquiring and sharing information, knowledge and skills; the obstacles to acquiring and sharing information, knowledge and skills; the influence of such obstacles on the management of local resources and livelihood strategies, as well as on the community’s organisational, leadership and entrepreneurship capacity. An exploratory study was conducted in the study area using the qualitative method, involving participatory action research. A comparative literature review and field work was conducted in order to collect the data. Raw data were collected in two phases: While pilot research took place over 5 days, more extensive research took place over 21 days. During the extensive research, in-depth household interviews were conducted, using semi-structured personal interviews, focus group interviews and discussions, direct observations and cross-checking methods employing a sample size of 101 respondents randomly selected and 10 key informants. The Statistical Programme of Social Science (SPSS) was used to process and analyse the raw data. The results show that the main factors that inhibited poor people in the study area from effectively using local resources and products for their livelihood were: i) a lack of knowledge, skills and talents; ii) the inadequate mechanisms in place for sharing local information, knowledge and skills; iii) the ineffective community organisation and leadership; iv) a lack of entrepreneurship skills and capabilities; v) the inadequate existing infrastructure, transport and trading systems; vi) a low level of partnership and networking; vi) a disruption of socio-cultural cohesion; and vi) inadequate mechanisms for planning, implementation and management of local development strategies, programmes and projects by local government. Most of the government’s development strategies in Mozambique focus on economic growth, which does not necessarily entail the economic empowerment of poor people. The role of traditional leadership has been neglected, which has resulted in the disruption of traditional values and belief systems that might otherwise have positively contributed to socio-cultural cohesion. The role that community building could play in assisting poor people in the study area to establish common values, and to develop collective goals and actions, should enable them to acquire and/or share information, knowledge, skills and talents in such a way as to strengthen themselves. Such strengthening of organisational, leadership and entrepreneurship capacities and skills could significantly contribute to attaining economic self-reliance, poverty alleviation and sustainable development, if the community building approach were to be adequately applied. Additional research is required in order to identify appropriate mechanisms for making further advances in applying such an approach in rural Mozambique, especially in the study area.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Le, Roux Anneri. "Ondersoek na moontlikhede vir entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling in 'n landelike toerisme-area." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53538.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Poverty and unemployment are currently serious socio-economic problems in South Africa. One way of dealing with this problem is entrepreneurial development. Growth in the tourism sector, specifically in rural tourism, has increased substantially in South Africa in the last decade. Facilities, services and products offered by entrepreneurs are part of the South African tourism industry. This trend created a need for information concerning tourists' needs regarding products and services. The primary aim of this study was thus to investigate the needs of tourists regarding products and services which can lead to entrepreneurial development in a rural tourism setting. A literature review has been undertaken to provide an in-depth report concerning the literature that forms the theoretical basis for this study. Definition of relevant terms, the link between tourism and recreation and the positive and negative impacts of tourism were discussed. Rural tourism and sustainable tourism development were discussed next, followed by literature regarding the tourist, his/her shopping behavior and the importance of crafts. Employment generation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial development in tourism, entrepreneurial training and the link between entrepreneurship and crafts were also discussed. The geographical demarcation of the study was the rural town of Darling on the South African West Coast and the 15 km radius surrounding the town. This region is a popular tourist destination. Despite this, unemployment is still a serious problem. A situation analysis of the available facilities in Darling was done to determine which products, services and attractions the relevant businesses and artists of the area offer to tourists. The data analysis of the information that was gathered through document analysis and structured interviews showed that the area is popular with nature as well as culture lovers. To be able to determine the needs and compile a profile of the average tourist that visits a rural town like Darling. Tourists were approached to serve as respondents for the study. A sample was taken and the respondents completed self-administered questionnaires. Frequency and contingency tables were constructed to compile a tourist profile and to identify the needs of tourists visiting a rural region like Darling. On account of this data, shortcomings were identified between that which Darling offers and the needs of tourists. Recommendations were made concerning ways to address these shortcomings in a manner that can/may facilitate entrepreneurial development and at the same time use the existing facilities in Darling. The conclusions suggest that the businesses and artists involved in this study contribute towards tourism and to a certain extent satisfy tourists' needs. Respondents indicated, inter alia, a need for products that are unique to the area. In light of the fact that a typical "Darling product" was not identified in the situation analysis, this was found to be a particularly severe shortcoming. Recommendations were made to address the identified shortcomings by way of training programmes aimed at facilitating entrepreneurial development in Darling.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Armoede en werkloosheid is wesenlike sosio-ekonomiese probleme in Suid-Afrika. Entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling is een manier om hierdie probleme aan te spreek. Groei in die toerismesektor, spesifiek in landelike toerisme, het in die laaste dekade in Suid-Afrika skerp toegeneem. Fasiliteite, dienste en produkte van entrepreneurs maak deel uit van die Suid-Afrikaanse toerismebedryf. Hierdie tendense het 'n behoefte geskep aan inligting oor toeriste se behoeftes aan produkte en dienste wat veral deur entrepreneurs aangespreek kan word. Die hoofdoelwit van die studie was dus om ondersoek in te stel na die behoeftes van toeriste aan produkte en dienste wat kan lei na entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling in 'n landelike toerisme-area. 'n Literatuuroorsig is gedoen om 'n indiepte verslag te lewer aangaande die literatuur wat 'n teoretiese onderbou vir die studie uitmaak. Relevante begripsomskrywings, die verband tussen toerisme en rekreasie asook die positiewe en negatiewe impakte van toerisme op gebiede wat besoek word, is bespreek. Landelike toerisme en volhoubare toerisme-ontwikkeling is in oënskou geneem en literatuur oor die toeris, sy/haar inkopiegewoontes en die belang van handwerkprodukte is ondersoek. Werkskepping, entrepreneurskap, entrepreneuriese-ontwikkeling in toerisme, entrepreneuriese opleiding en die verband tussen entrepreneurskap en die beoefening van handwerk is beredeneer. Die geografiese afbakening van die studiegebied sluit Darling, 'n landelike dorpie aan die Weskus van Suid-Afrika en 'n gebied binne 'n radius van 15 km om dié dorp in. Hierdie is 'n gebied wat baie toeriste lok, maar waar werkloosheid ook aan die orde van die dag is. 'n Situasie-analise van Darling se beskikbare fasiliteite is gedoen om te bepaal watter produkte, dienste en attraksies ondernemings en kunstenaars van die dorp en omgewing aan toeriste bied. Die data-analise van die inligting wat deur dokumentanalises en gestruktureerde onderhoude ingewin is, het getoon dat die gebied gewild is by natuursowel as kultuurliefhebbers. Ten einde in staat te wees om die behoeftes te bepaal asook 'n profiel saam te stel van die gemiddelde toeris wat 'n landelike gebied soos Darling besoek, is toeriste genader om as respondente vir die studie op te tree. 'n Steekproef is geneem en self-geadministreerde vraelyste is deur die respondente voltooi. Frekwensieen gebeurlikheidstabelle is opgestel om 'n toeristeprofiel saam te stel en om die behoeftes van toeriste wat 'n landelike gebied soos Darling besoek, te identifiseer. Na aanleiding van hierdie data is leemtes geïdentifiseer tussen dit wat Darling bied en die behoeftes van die toeriste. Aanbevelings is gemaak om hierdie leemtes aan te spreek op maniere wat entrepreneuriese-ontwikkeling kan/sal fasiliteer deur reeds bestaande fasiliteite in Darling te benut. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat die ondernemings en kunstenaars wat by die studie betrokke was, bydra tot toerisme en toeriste se behoeftes gedeeltelik aanspreek. Respondente het onder meer 'n groot behoefte aan produkte wat uniek aan die gebied is, aangedui. Aangesien daar nie 'n tipiese "Darling-produk" in die situasie-analise geïdentifiseer is nie, word dit as 'n groot leemte beskou. Aanbevelings is gemaak om die geïdentifiseerde leemtes deur middel van opleidingsprogramme wat entrepreneuriese ontwikkeling in Darling sou kon fasiliteer, aan te spreek.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Nilsson, Sandra. "The sustentation situation for women in Arequipa : A field study on local development in southern Peru." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1195.

Full text
Abstract:
<p>The Peruvian society is one of the most unequal in the world and despite the growing economy the centralised political tradition impedes the trickling-down of wealth down to the people who need it the most. In Arequipa in southern Peru an initiative called the Programme for Rural Development (PRD) was commenced in the beginning of 2007 with the purpose of consolidating democracy and promote economic development, foremost for women. The programme was developed by Svalorna together with their cooperation organisations at location in Arequipa.</p><p>This investigation is both descriptive and explorative with a purpose of both describing the current economic and social situation in these departments as well as in a more normative manner explore the possible ways to go forward and issues that need further attention in regard to the PRD. The investigation has been realised as a qualitative field based study with the aim of emphasising on the views and opinions of the women in the different departments with the purpose of putting the women at a grass root level in focus. Therefore the methodological approach which permeates the entire study is a ‘bottom-up’ implementation analysis. The process of collecting information has implied field studies, where observation, interviews and interaction has been used as techniques, as well as a vast collection of background to the current socioeconomic situation which also has been necessary.</p><p>Conducting this investigation has lead to many interesting and useful conclusions regarding the contemporary and future sustentation situation for women and youth in the rural parts of Arequipa. This study will emphasise the importance of invisible actions within rural development, such as strengthening the common identity and objectives, considered to be the foundation to organising, both in regard to democratic participation as well as economic activities. In regard to entrepreneurship or the initiation of small scale businesses, components such as involvement from the rest of the family, sharing of skills and experiences within the group, access to capital, follow up and evaluation, are vital. Overall, the inhabitants need to participate in their own development process and receive assistance from a holistic programme that takes in consideration all elements in the life of the women.</p><br><p>Klyftorna i det peruanska samhället är några av de största i världen och trots att ekonomin för tillfället växer så att det knakar, så hindrar den starka traditionen av politisk centralisering att överskottet kommer alla människor tillgodo. I staden Arequipa i södra Peru inleddes i början av 2007 Programmet för landsbygdsutveckling (PRD) med syfte att förstärka demokratiska processer och främja ekonomisk utveckling, framförallt för kvinnor. Programmet utvecklades av Svalorna tillsammans med deras samarbetsorganisationer på plats i Arequipa.</p><p>Denna undersökning är både deskriptiv och explorativ. Den har som syfte att både beskriva den nuvarande ekonomiska och sociala situationen i de aktuella områdena kring Arequipa samt att mer normativt beskriva möjliga vägar framåt och problem som behöver ytterligare uppmärksamhet från PRD. Studien genomfördes genom en kvalitativ fältstudie med målet att vara lyhörd för, samt främhäva, kvinnornas egna åsikter och synpunkter som grund för resultat och analysdel. Detta för att sätta kvinnan på gräsrotsnivå i fokus och därav har det övergripande metodiska angreppssättet bestått av en botten-upp implementationsanalys. Insamlingsprocessen av information har inneburit både en fältstudie där observationer, intervjuer och interaktioner har använts som tekniker, men också en omfattande litteraturstudie har varit nödvändig. Detta för att erhålla bakgrundsmaterial till den nuvarande socioekonomiska situationen i landet.</p><p>Genomförandet av denna studie har inneburit många intressanta och användbara slutsatser vad gäller den nuvarande och framtida försörjningssituationen för kvinnor och ungdomar på landsbygden i Arequipa. Undersökningen betonar betydelsen av osynliga handlingar inom landsbygdsutvecklingen, så som stärkandet av den gemensamma identiteten och sammanställandet av gemensamma mål att sträva efter, både gällande demokratisk deltagande och ekonomiska aktiviteter. Vad gäller entreprenörskap och uppstartandet av småskaliga affärsverksamheter så är komponenter som engagemang från resten av familjen, delandet av kunskaper och erfarenheter inom gruppen, tillgång till kapital, uppföljning och utvärdering helt avgörande för projektets framgång. För att konkludera så behöver invånarna delta i sin egen utvecklingsprocess och delta med assistens från ett holistiskt sammansatt program som tar alla delar av kvinnornas liv i betraktande.</p>
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Mendonça, Patrícia Maria Emerenciano de. "A profissionalização do campo do desenvolvimento rural na região do Sisal." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/2495.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:49:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 72050100759.pdf.jpg: 14401 bytes, checksum: b93b1c1ddc29d5499d10a99de7656f56 (MD5) 72050100759.pdf: 2665227 bytes, checksum: dd19763b1a5c449e7cb313d34045609b (MD5) 72050100759.pdf.txt: 487826 bytes, checksum: 1112205b9bc7c65013b87ceec51e7b57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-18T00:00:00Z<br>This study aims at verifying the existence of the professional field of rural development in the Sisal Region, in Bahia’s semi-arid region, analyzing the forms through which this process might have contributed to the institutionalization of ideas on what rural development entails and how it might have opened space for the creation of new local logics. As to methodological approaches, micro and macro social analyses were integrated, having the concept of social field as analytical level so as to deal with middle range theories in order to explain social phenomena, particularly neo-institutional and social movement theories. Empirical survey was based on primary data collected in different periods from interviews and observations, to which were added a considerable amount of secondary data gathered from reports, newsletters, videos, newspapers and other academic works. In order to historically recover the field of rural development, from the 70’s to the present days, discourse analysis technique was employed, so as to characterize actors, their main logics of action, particularly those related to professionalization. The attempt at conceptualizing professionalization and clarifying what is being considered as the field or rural development were an important task of the work. Four main contrasting forces in the field, influencing its professionalization were identified: Insurgent Solidarity; insurgent solidarity and economic insertion conflicts; particular forms of relation between State and society; and the insertion of themes and practices absorbed during actors/fields mimetic, regulative and normative mechanisms at micro and macro levels. From the identification and analysis of forces involved in professionalization in the field, suggestions are put forward as to the enlargement of the understanding on professionalization and institutional entrepreneurship, which might be relevant to future studies aiming at integrating agency-structure analyses and individual and collective action dimensions.<br>Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a existência de campo profissional do desenvolvimento rural na Região do Sisal, no semi-árido baiano, analisando de que forma este processo contribuiu para a institucionalização de idéias sobre o que vem a ser desenvolvimento rural, e como ele, também, abriu espaços para a criação de novas lógicas locais. Como estratégia metodológica buscou-se integrar análises macro e micro sociais, utilizando-se noção de campos sociais como nível de análise, com o objetivo de trabalhar com teorias de médio alcance para explicação de fenômenos sociais, em especial as teorias neo-institucionais e as teorias de movimentos sociais. O levantamento empírico fundamentou-se em dados primários, recolhidos em diferentes momentos a partir de entrevistas e observações, aliado a uma ampla gama de dados secundários, recolhidos a partir de relatórios, boletins, newsletters, vídeos, jornais, e outros trabalhos acadêmicos. Foi utilizada a técnica da análise de discurso para trabalhar com os dados fazendo uma reconstituição histórica do campo do desenvolvimento rural entre a década de 70 e os dias atuais, buscando caracterizar os atores participantes, suas principais lógicas de ação, em especial aquelas relacionadas à profissionalização. Esclarecer o que se entende por profissionalização e o que foi considerado como campo do desenvolvimento rural fizeram parte de um esforço de conceituação do trabalho. Foram identificadas quatro principais forças que se contrastavam no campo e que influenciaram na sua profissionalização: a Solidariedade Insurgente; os conflitos entre inserção econômica e a solidariedade insurgente; formas particulares de relacionamento entre sociedade e Estado; e a inserção de temáticas e práticas absorvidas através de mecanismos miméticos, regulativos e normativos de atores/campos localizados em níveis meso e macro. A partir da identificação e análise das forças envolvidas na profissionalização do campo, são propostas sugestões para a ampliação do entendimento sobre profissionalização e empreendedorismo institucional, que poderão ser pertinentes para futuros estudos que busquem integrar as análises sobre agência-estrutura e as dimensões individual e coletiva da ação.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Matela, Leah. "Economic contribution of Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) towards the development of tourism in rural areas of Butha-Buthe in Lesotho." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1789.

Full text
Abstract:
Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Business Administration in Entrepreneurship in the Faculty of Business at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013<br>Tourism is a fast growing industry and has the potential for poverty alleviation for rural persons. Butha-Buthe, being in a rural area of Lesotho, has magnificent scenery of mountains, attractions to be visited, and adventure activities to be done. However, tourism in Butha-Buthe is under-developed, and it is very important to identify tourism’s potential in this area and explore how SMMEs could contribute in the development of tourism. Therefore the objective of this study is to examine the economic role of small, medium and micro enterprises in the development of tourism in Butha-Buthe. Challenges faced by the SMMEs include lack of resources such as poor infrastructure poor roads, transportation, and a lack of network-communication. Other challenges would be poor business skills in regards to employment and management which leads to business failure. To accomplish the study objective, questionnaires were distributed to local entrepreneurs in Butha-Buthe, local communities, local government and other stake-holders in the district. In addition, a mixed method of research was carefully and logically planned and then implemented. A survey questionnaire was used to obtain the views of the different stakeholders. The questionnaires were collected and data analysed which allowed the researcher to draw conclusions and propose a range of recommendations based on the findings, to assist in the development of tourism in Butha-Buthe. The findings revealed that there is huge potential of tourism development in Butha-Buthe through the SMME sector, but that there are still challenges faced by SMMEs in this district, despite the economic contribution they make. However, through the support of the government and private sectors these challenges should be dealt with.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Kay, Ethan Jeremy. "Playing with fire : an MNC's inability to translate its market logic in a culturally complex exchange setting in rural India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c35eb4e5-71c9-466a-9420-0b4c7d0679db.

Full text
Abstract:
This dissertation describes the manner by which a multinational corporation (MNC) enacts a market-based logic with a locally embedded partner in a complex and unfamiliar operating setting to fulfil both business and social objectives. It examines a hybrid partnership between BP, an MNC, and SSP, a rural Indian non-governmental organisation (NGO). Together, the organisations trained rural women, who were affiliated with SSP, as agents to distribute and sell BP’s ‘smokeless’ cookstoves and fuel pellets to households who cook on smoky firewood stoves. The research draws on two theories—neo-institutional organizational theory and real markets theory—to examine the process by which logics are aligned across partners and projected and translated into the rural Indian exchange setting. It constructs a four-actor model (MNC, NGO, agent, customer) to explore the exchange relationships between the actors at the meso- and micro-levels. At the meso-level, it explains how the MNC and NGO’s non-aligned logics, asymmetric power dynamics, and lack of mutual trust contribute to the venture’s failure. In addition, the NGO was so determined to succeed as a professional, market-driven, channel partner that it shed part of its identity as a civil advocacy organisation and adopted mainstream commercial practices that were not sensitive to the needs of its local stakeholders. At the micro-level, the partners did not come to a common understanding with the agents regarding the cultural challenges they faced marketing the stove. Moreover, the marketing strategy glossed over the multi-layered social relationships and culinary, behavioural, and religious practices that needed to be translated for the technology to meet the needs of consumers. Using gritty ethnographic data, the dissertation highlights a challenge that large, foreign companies face when entering ‘Base of the Pyramid’ markets, namely the inconsistency between the MNC’s market logic and the wider associational logics that motivate village agents and customers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Gartz, Mira. "Desire, cows and resilience : Investigating motivations to steward a bio-cultural refuge in Northern Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-161296.

Full text
Abstract:
In Sweden, centuries of agricultural modernization have marginalized locally adapted food cultures and food production systems. Yet in some places these practices and cultures survive, even in areas that lack conducive circumstances for agricultural production. These places are called bio-cultural refugia. Dominant agricultural practices are based on the production of only a few species which reduce biodiversity and the resilience of landscapes. Bio-cultural refugia provide important alternatives and pathways toward sustainable agricultural development, but are currently conceived of as living museums and are not well-connected to markets. This study investigates a re-emerging bio-cultural refuge in Northern Sweden, which revolves around an endangered native cattle breed, traditional recipes and an open landscape. It is unclear how bio-cultural refugia emerge or can persist. Recent literature on human adaptive capacity in social-ecological systems explains how sustainability outcomes depend on the dynamic interrelations of opportunities, abilities and desires. In this thesis I empirically investigate the role of desires to stewardship practices through a discourse analysis with roots in psychoanalytic theory. The aim of the thesis is to add to the understanding of how and why a bio-cultural refuge can emerge and persist in the Global North. I find that desires expressed by stewards in the bio-cultural refuge is mostly directed to people, and not to achieve ecological sustainability for its own sake. The most commonly articulated motivation is to care for people in the village by developing the local economy, contradicting a general conception of stewardship originating in pro-environmental values. Nevertheless, the informants do steward a bio-cultural refuge. This is explained by the coincidental opportunity to buy the native cattle and existing subsidies to keep them, and by abilities such as farming- and cooperation skills, creativity and entrepreneurial thinking. Stewardship of bio-cultural refugia is crucial for biosphere resilience. In order to maintain and develop existing bio-cultural refugia we must start to re-imagine what they can mean not only for ecologies but also for society and people, as they hold important knowledge on energy efficient food production. By creating opportunities that resonate with people’s needs and desires in particular places it may be possible to attract new stewards for bio-cultural refugia, and to (re)produce the ecological knowledge that is necessary for a sustainable and resilient future
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Bavykina, Alina. "Impacts of a local community event on development of peripheral destination : Entrepreneurial perspective on Aldrei fór ég suður festival in Iceland." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444491.

Full text
Abstract:
Remote communities stay vulnerable in the face of major socioeconomic challenges. Tourism is often seen as a way to stimulate local economies and increase attractiveness of peripheral destinations, while events are considered to be one of the tools to promote tourism. In this regard, local collaboration is deemed to be crucial for facilitating development in spatially remote areas, where social context plays an important role in formation of entrepreneurial networks. By using the case of a local community festival Aldrei fór ég suður (AFS) in Ísafjörður, Iceland, I investigate relationship between the festival and local tourism entrepreneurs and define opportunities that the festival might provide for sustainable development of the area. Based on data collected from 24 interviews, findings suggest that the impact of AFS on local businesses varies depending on the category of business, its location, seasonality and target group, whereas the festival also contributes to enhancement of destination image, extension of tourist season and attraction of new categories of visitors. Following theoretical framework of social capital and social embeddedness, the main role of the festival is found to be related to enhancement of community pride and contribution to social change within community. On the other hand, results demonstrate general lack of willingness to collaborate and suggest an increased risk of overembeddedness given the self-reliant nature of the festival and its reluctance to commercialization. Discussed suggestions for sustainable destination development include co-branding, packaging for extended stay, transportation options and usage of empty housing for temporary accommodation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

Kibirige, Douglas. "Impact of human dimensions on smallholder farming in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007532.

Full text
Abstract:
Considering the backward and forward linkages, the agro-industrial sector contributes about 12 percent of South Africa‘s GDP, and employs approximately 8.5 million people. In the Eastern Cape Province, the sector contributes about 1.9 percent of the Provincial GDP, and over 3 million people derive their livelihoods from subsistence smallholder farming. Despite its importance, agricultural productivity has stagnated for several years across the Eastern Cape rural communities. There have been several attempts by the government to improve the agricultural productivity on smallholder farms since the end of apartheid, especially through the establishment of small-scale irrigation schemes, subsidization of farm inputs, and provision of credit facilities and enacting a number of land reform policies. In spite of the government support, most rural communities like Qamata and Tyefu are still faced with high levels of poverty affecting 76 percent and 91 percent of the population, respectively. This research evaluated the current smallholders‘ production efficiency, and the link between smallholder farmers‘ human dimensions (entrepreneurial spirit and positive psychological capital, goals and social capital, and other efficiency related variables) with production efficiency and household commercialisation index/level. The study used participatory approaches for site selection, sample selection and data collection. The analysis was based on both information from informal interviews and formal primary data collection. The Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Production Frontier techniques were used to determine the relative efficiencies of individual farmers and to identify the major factors that influence the efficiency of production. Overall, 158 farmers were interviewed both at Qamata and Tyefu irrigation schemes. Descriptive statistics of this study indicated that most of the farmers were men with an average age of 61 years, and mean household size of 4 persons with the household head having at least obtained some primary school education. Farming is the major source of livelihood for smallholders with an average income of R4527.49 per crop season. Smallholders use improved seeds, fertilizers and tractor for ploughing with less use of pesticides and herbicides. Although smallholder irrigators generate more gross margins from maize and cabbage enterprises, generally both categories of farmers exhibited a low average household commercialization index for maize and cabbage at 0.41 and 0.22, respectively. Both Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Production Frontier results indicate that farmers are about 98 percent technically efficient in maize and cabbage enterprises, respectively. However, farmers were allocatively inefficient as they were under-utilizing seed and pesticides while over-utilizing inorganic fertilizers. Factors that are positively associated with technical efficiency in maize production included household size, farming experience, off-farm income, use of agro-chemical; gross margins and commercialisation level of maize output. Determinants of technical efficiency in cabbage enterprise included farming experience, amount of land owned, use of agro-chemicals, group membership and gross margins accrued to cabbage sales. Farmers‘ human dimensions that could be more positively and significantly associated with production, efficiency and household commercialisation level included risk taking (hope), innovativeness (confidence) and optimism for entrepreneurial/positive psychological capital. Farmers‘ goals included self-esteem and independence, and only external social capital which were identified to be more positively and significantly associated with farmers‘ production efficiency and commercialization level. The transition from homestead subsistence to commercial oriented small-scale irrigation farming is inevitable since smallholder irrigators earn more incomes from maize and cabbage and are relatively food secure. However, the key policy options that must be considered to address inefficiencies and improved commercialization level to aid the transition include: agricultural policies geared toward attracting youth in farming, improved quality of extension services, speeding up the land reform process, and formation of cooperatives and participatory policy formulation that takes full cognizance of the farmers‘ human dimensions. Since farmers‘ human dimensions as defined in the literature and this study are not things that are amenable to direct policy intervention, they can only be modified indirectly through policy actions that affect their determinants. This means that a number of the demographic and socio-economic characteristics such as age, sex and education level of household head, farming experience, size of land owned, crop incomes, source of water for irrigation and location of the irrigation scheme that govern the way people perceive reality and respond to them must be the focus of concerted policy actions over the medium to long term.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Figueiredo, Ana Rita Dias. "Desenvolvimento rural e empreendedorismo: estudos de caso." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/9209.

Full text
Abstract:
Ao longo dos últimos anos, o espaço rural português tem sofrido várias alterações. São, por isso, evidentes sinais de declínio e a existência de um acentuado dualismo rural/urbano. Estas transformações traduzem-se numa diferenciação cada vez mais acentuada das zonas rurais, como o despovoamento do interior do país. Todavia, assiste-se a um outro fenómeno cuja expressão e contornos ainda estão por investigar, e que poderá atenuar esta tendência de declínio: a mudança de indivíduos das zonas urbanas para zonas rurais com o objetivo de criar microempresas. A questão central da dissertação baseia-se nas motivações que explicam o fenómeno deste empreendedorismo em espaços rurais. No que respeita à metodologia utilizada, optámos por a realização de estudos de caso, mais concretamente de três empresários com micro empresas em espaços rurais, recorrendo a entrevistas semidirectivas. Escolhemos estudos de caso tendo em vista uma análise intensiva. Estamos perante iniciativas que contribuem para o desenvolvimento rural destes locais. Este aspeto é importante se considerarmos que os territórios rurais em Portugal revelam desertificação. Concluímos assim que alguns aspetos da mudança dos espaços rurais resultam da implementação de diversos negócios/empresas, que reavivam memórias/tradições e saberes-fazeres passados aliados a uma noção de contemporaneidade e inovação, que permitem desenvolver produtos e serviços que em muito agradam aos consumidores/clientes, desde logo pelo nível de qualidade prestado.<br>Over the past years, the Portuguese countryside has suffered several changes that led to evident signs of decline and a well-marked dualism between rural / urban. Also, these changes are inducing an increase differentiation of rural areas, as exemplified by the countryside depopulation. Nevertheless, it's possible to notice another phenomenon whose expression and profile are still to be investigated and that can mitigate this decline tendency: the displacement of individuals from urban to rural areas with the aim of creating micro enterprises. The central question of this thesis is based on the motivations that explain the phenomenon of this entrepreneurship in rural areas. Regarding the methodology implemented, we have chosen to perform case studies, more specifically in three entrepreneurs with micro enterprises in rural areas, and have used semi directive interviews. The choice of case studies was due to the fact that they allow to perform intensive analysis. In nowadays, we are facing initiatives that contribute to the development of these rural locations. This point of view is crucial, especially if we take in account the desertification in Portuguese rural areas. Therefore, we concluded that some changes in the rural areas are the result of the implementation of several businesses / companies, that bring old memories/traditions and “know how” from the past combined with a notion of contemporaneity and innovation, that allow the development of products and services that are highly appealing to the consumers/customers, especially due to the level of quality provided.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

"Digital Developmental Village: The Political Economy of China’s Rural E-Commerce." Doctoral diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57147.

Full text
Abstract:
abstract: This dissertation investigates how rural e-commerce survives and thrives in resource-scarce rural China in the contemporary era. Building upon literatures on developmental state, state capitalism, industrial policy, and platform economy, this dissertation proposes a new theoretical framework, termed Digital Developmental Village, to understand China’s rural e-commerce development against rural China’s broader socioeconomic and politico-institutional contexts and the evolution of China’s political economy by underscoring three levels of interactions between the central government, local governments, e-commerce platform giants, and rural entrepreneurs. This dissertation draws upon the data from in-depth interviews with different kinds of participants involved with e-commerce at different places in which e-commerce-related activities occur through multi-site fieldwork across six East China provinces, together with data from secondary data gathering, to scrutinize interactions of four parties at each level. At the national level, this dissertation investigates the coevolution of the Digital Developmental Village model and finds that the bureaucratic evolution and emergence of new economic sector initially created and subsequently developed by private actors will be eventually subjected to the influence of China’s state capitalism. At the local level, in consideration of the factors of local governance approach, the pre-existing robust local economic sectors, and migration patterns, this dissertation creates a typological framework to explore the formation of e-commerce villages in varied settings of the combinations of three factors above. At the individual level, this dissertation finds that rural e-commerce entrepreneurs may achieve economic successes through some more intense forms of embeddedness, which are deemed commercially unwise in the extant literature, within differing local socioeconomic and politico-institutional contexts in China. Lastly, this dissertation analyzes the expansion of the Communist Party of China into rural e-commerce in the business incubator role and sees such organizational expansion as the efforts to implicitly exercise control over rural e-commerce. In sum, through top-down policy directives and bottom-up party organizational expansion, the Chinese state has been gradually transforming rural e-commerce to a new form of state capitalism with potential global impacts, which can empower resource-scarce villages and infuse two kinds of industrial policies to stimulate technological advances.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Doctoral Dissertation Justice Studies 2020
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Abiche, Tefera Talore. "Community empowerment and sustainable livelihoods : transforming social capital into entrepreneurship in rural Southern Ethiopia." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10190.

Full text
Abstract:
The past decades witnessed that neither the private sector nor the government could provide an adequate socio-economic safety net for the poorest of the poor in the Third World. The community-based self-help approaches were hence widely used as alternative means to help the poor and marginalised to cope with livelihood shocks. This study examined the extent to which indigenous iddirs (local neighbourhood associations) and the externally-funded self-help groups (SHGs) could transform social capital into entrepreneurship thereby enhancing sustainable livelihoods. The study was conducted in three Southern Nation and Nationalities and People’s Region (SNNPR) rural districts, namely, Shebedeno, Wonago and Humbo. Mixed (quantitative and qualitative) methods were used to collect field data. Accordingly, closed and openended questionnaires and interview schedules were developed in English and then translated into Amharic (the national language). Instruments were field tested for validity and thereafter adjusted. A total of 220 (166 male and 54 female) people participated in the study. Data were entered into an Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) database, and analysed by using basic descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were transcribed and analysed using Microsoft Office tools. The findings indicate that the SHGs’ members were relatively better educated than the rest of the population and some of them used this opportunity to pursue employment in government and the private sector. With regard to poverty status, iddirs members were poorer than those of SHGs (15.5% of the iddirs members reported that they are destitute compared to others in the community, as opposed to 3.3% of SHGs members). The study reveals that the livelihoods of some members of iddirs and SHG (particularly the latter) improved as a result of their involvement in these institutions although, at this point, the impact is insignificant. With regard to socio-economic decision making, more SHG members were involved in participatory decision making. However, iddirs leaders were still the dominant decision makers. The SHG level of participatory decision making could be the result of capacity building efforts by the promoting organisation, particularly, the Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church (EKHC). The study also shows that some of the iddirs and SHGs members were involved in informal rural entrepreneurial activities. However, their involvement did not indicate the utilisation of micro loan taken from the iddirs and SHGs for business purposes (97% of the iddirs and SHGs respondents utilised microcredit loans for consumption and other related purposes). On the other hand, the empirical evidence reveals that the amount of loan that iddirs and SHGs respondents received was very small. The general practice is giving small loans particularly to SHG members with repayments expected to begin as quickly and frequently as possible. Transforming social capital into entrepreneurship requires a cooperative approach, i.e. the involvement of development actors so as to enhance communities’ endeavour to achieve their livelihood objectives. Despite the wide prevalence of social capital in Ethiopia, this study indicates that its effective utilisation in community empowerment and sustainable livelihoods remains a challenge. Social capital is found to have a limited role in social entrepreneurship development and promotion not because it does not have potential, but because of the limited role of promoting organisations. The study shows lack of strong linkage between iddirs and promoting organisation (NGOs and Government). The study thus underlines the need for improving network and links with iddirs and SHGs and promoting organisations so as to create an enabling environment for sustainable livelihoods in the three rural districts under scrutiny.<br>Development Studies<br>D. Litt. et Phil. (Development Studies)
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Stockil, Andrew Donovan. "Construction and validation of a theoretically derived PEST analysis type tool for LED community entrepreneurship programmes in South African rural economies." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/20931.

Full text
Abstract:
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand Business School, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management in Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation 28th July 2015<br>In South Africa today there are many rural economies in decline. Despite the recognition internationally, since the 2nd World War internationally and since 1994 in South Africa specifically, of the value that can be added by specifically targeting Local Economic Development and Entrepreneurship as strategies for an answer to the decline in local economies, success has been limited. More success has in fact been seen in rural communities that have developed through the natural flows of the market than from direct intervention. This progression takes a long time though and the South African situation with all its history cannot wait this long for development. The question asked is why interventions fail, what are the basic factors that make up the local economic development paradigm and how are they affecting the interventions. Information is key to planning and planning is key to successful interventions. A literature review is done in order to establish the basis of LED historically, theoretically and specifically with regards to the South African rural environment, in order to assist in the development of the information required for successful planning of LED interventions. With the most prominent factors derived from this literature review tabled and applied into established Case Study models, a questionnaire is developed for application into rural economies through Community Entrepreneurship programmes or LED vehicles. In order to establish firstly the relevance of the factors and secondly the relevance of the questionnaire, it is reviewed, scored and commented on by a select group of industry practitioners in LED. The opinion of these individuals further validates the use of the factors and questionnaire in baseline LED intervention planning.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Nxaba, Siphosenkosi Blessing. "An evaluation of the challenges faced by rural-based small, micro and medium enterprises in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/14950.

Full text
Abstract:
Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) in the South African present context are integral instruments of economic and social development. In these times of high unemployment in South Africa, the need for SMMEs to alleviate the high rate of poverty due to unemployment is evident. The government is committed to ensure that small businesses progressively increase their contribution growth and performance of the South African economy in critical areas such as job creation, equity and access to markets. As from 1994, with the new advent of a new democratic era, government has taken measures to ensure that small business development becomes a key focus. Since then, government has put in place institutions and programmes within all three tiers of government with the aim of providing comprehensive support to small business. This is suggestive of the government being mindful of the challenges/gaps which still need to be addressed to support small business especially in rural areas where unemployment and poverty are rife. Whilst there are institutions which provide support to SMMEs, the overall impact of these initiatives is insignificant. This study explored the perceptions of the owners of rural-based SMMEs about factors responsible for the success and failure of rural-based SMMEs. The study adopted a qualitative approach and it was exploratory in nature. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five owners of rural-based SMMEs and with three key informants from three local municipal districts/offices around Pietermaritzburg in KZN. The main findings of the study identified initiatives to address the challenges to rural-based SMMEs, such as, provision of good infrastructure, business management skills, business equipment and land/premises. The recommendations suggested a need of partnerships between banks and community business support organizations, subcontracting of SMMEs to big business, introducing entrepreneurship from school level and introducing monitoring and evaluation systems in all government levels as proposals to address challenges to rural-based SMMEs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

LAM, TIEU-THUY, and 林小翠. "Creating Sustainable Development through Local Resources in Rural Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of the XX Village of Ben Tre in Vietnam." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w3uf3h.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>社會企業碩士在職學位學程<br>107<br>In the spring of 2015, I participated in the betel nut visit with my family members. This is my second time I to come to Ben Tre pronvince, remember that the first time trip to Ben Tre was my high school graduation tour. And now Ben Tre has many differences, more development than before. In my memory, Ben Tre is an endless green coconut field. With the development of the economy, the rural labor force is moving outwards. Ben Tre farmers are no exception. In order to find a better quality of life, most of young people in rural areas have also left, work in urban or industrial areas. The scene of Ben Tre has changed. With the departure of the young people, the coconut industry has disappeared everywhere. No one has harvested the coconut floating on the ground and in the water. It feels a pity in my heart! During this trip, I also participated in the Ben Tre Coconut Carnival Festival, which impressed me! I tasted the delicious food from coconut such as, coconut curry, coconut jelly, coconut candies. The taste of the coconut, let me take it one by one, also makes me particularly excited! The local residents in the Ben Tre area have no awareness of ecological environment conservation, while neglecting the long-term use of the ecological environment; the traditional industries in the traditional industries are gradually declining, and their business model is still the most traditional business model. In order to revitalize the traditional industries and to continue developement in the Ben Tre area, it is necessary to change the concept of residents and the business model of traditional industries. This study will take the traditional industries of Ben Tre XX village as an example. Explore the development and inheritance of ben tre traditional industries, and use the social orientation innovation theory to develop traditional industries and I hope to achieve the goal of traditional cultural industry inheritance and sustainable development of traditional agriculture.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

Pernet, Sabine. "Empreendedorismo e capacitação em meio rural: estudo de caso no Togo." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12622.

Full text
Abstract:
Classificação JEL: O55 - Africa E26 - Economia informal; economia subterrânea<br>Hoje em dia, o trabalho é um componente essencial do bem-estar das populações. A remuneração de uma atividade profissional dá acesso aos bens de primeira necessidade e assume um papel crucial na construção da identidade social do indivíduo. Nos países em desenvolvimento e especialmente nas zonas rurais, as oportunidades económicas são raras, contribuindo para o aparecimento do trabalho informal. Para criar um negócio ou melhorar a produtividade de uma atividade geradora de rendimentos, os indivíduos precisam de um investimento financeiro. Infelizmente, o acesso ao crédito bancário está comprometido pelas condições de empréstimo. A partir destas constatações, decidimos implementar um programa de empreendedorismo e crédito solidário numa zona rural no Togo para entender quais as condições inerentes a este tipo de projeto de desenvolvimento local. Construímos o nosso plano de ação respeitando os princípios de educação popular e de empowerment. Assim, colocámos a hipótese de que os membros de uma comunidade têm de optimizar os seus conhecimentos e, atuando coletivamente, podem melhorar as suas condições de vida.<br>Nowadays, having a job is an essential component for the well being of a population. Economic self-sufficiency and work gives the individual access to the basic needs in life, but also provides the individual with a crucial role to play in the whole of the economic structure and thus helps one build their own social identity. Economic opportunities are scarce in rural areas of developing countries.To create a business or to especially improve the productivity of any activity that expects revenues, individuals need a financial investment. Unfortunately, it is very hard to get a bank credit due to loans’ requirements. We built our action plan based on principles of popular education and empowerment. Thus, we suggest that the members of a community have to optimize their knowledge and, together, own the power to make their lives better.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Malebana, Mmakgabo Justice. "Entrepreneurial intent of final-year commerce students in the rural provinces of South Africa." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/8588.

Full text
Abstract:
Owing to the fact that entrepreneurship is widely considered to be a mechanism for reducing unemployment, the purpose of the study was to assess whether final-year Commerce students in the predominantly rural provinces, the Eastern Cape Province and the Limpopo Province, have the intention to start their own businesses.The study draws heavily from entrepreneurial intent models and focuses on the relationship between three key variables, namely, exposure to entrepreneurship education, awareness of entrepreneurial support and social capital to establish whether they are related to the intention of final-year Commerce studentsto start their own businesses. The literature review concentrated on entrepreneurial intent and entrepreneurial intent models; government entrepreneurial support initiatives in South Africa and in other countries and their role in the development of entrepreneurial intent, emergence of new ventures and the growth of small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs); entrepreneurship education and its role in enhancing entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial competencies and entrepreneurial intent;the influence of social capital on entrepreneurial intent and the different stages on the new venture life-cycle; and concludes with the link between entrepreneurship and the establishment of SMMEs. A survey was conducted among National Diploma (ND): Internal Auditing, Cost and Management Accounting and Financial information systems students (IAUD, CMA and FIS) (who had six months exposure to entrepreneurship education), ND: Entrepreneurship/Small Business Management (E/SBM) (who had three years exposure to entrepreneurship education) and ND: Management (without exposure to entrepreneurship education). The respondents for the study comprised 355 final year students of which 276 were from Walter Sisulu University in the Eastern Cape Province and 79 were from Tshwane University of Technology (Polokwane Campus) in the LimpopoProvince.Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric statistics. The findings reveal that the majority of the respondents had the intention to start a business in the future.The entrepreneurial intent of the ND: E/SBM students was v stronger than the entrepreneurial intent of the ND: IAUD, CMA and FIS students and ND: Management students. Some significant relationships were found between entrepreneurial intent and the key variables of the study.<br>Business Management<br>D.Com. (Business Management)
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Miranda, Carlos Jorge Sousa. "Empreendedorismo em espaço rural: estudo dos empreendedores e instituições de apoio ao empreendedorismo no Alto Minho." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/46425.

Full text
Abstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Estudos de Gestão<br>O desenvolvimento dos territórios, a exploração de oportunidades de negócio, e a criação de emprego, empresas e negócios em espaços rurais estão fortemente dependentes da atividade empreendedora dos agentes económicos e da rede institucional de apoio ao empreendedorismo desses territórios. Dinamizar a rede e o ambiente empreendedor pode dar um contributo decisivo para contrariar o problema do esvaziamento populacional dos territórios rurais. Este estudo pretendeu perceber as dinâmicas empreendedoras e a rede institucional de apoio ao empreendedorismo e às empresas existente na região do Alto Minho, como ponto de partida para a apresentação de propostas, e melhoria da eficácia dos programas e estratégias de apoio ao empreendedorismo. O método de estudo recorreu a uma avaliação quantitativa através de inquérito à população do Alto Minho. A investigação permitiu recolher dados de 338 indivíduos, dos quais 160 empresários. Os resultados alcançados permitem concluir que no Alto Minho, o capital humano e o capital social são fatores decisivos para a criação de empresas e para o sucesso dos negócios. A rede de entidades de apoio ao empreendedorismo e às empresas no Alto Minho apresenta uma cobertura territorial suficiente, embora a qualidade e competências dos seus agentes não seja muito valorizada pelos respondentes. Os fatores relacionados com a preparação do empreendedor, o conhecimento do negócio, e a competência da rede institucional são reconhecidos como fundamentais para a criação das empresas e para a sua sustentabilidade e crescimento futuro. Existe uma perceção generalizada de que é imperativo valorizar e tornar mais eficazes a rede existente de apoio ao empreendedorismo e os programas que ela promove. A análise por concelho não apresenta diferenças estatisticamente significativas na generalidade dos indicadores avaliados.<br>The development of territories, the exploitation of business opportunities, and the creation of jobs, and enterprises in rural areas, are strongly dependent of the entrepreneurial activity, of the economic agents and the institutional network, that support entrepreneurship on those regions. Promote the network and the entrepreneurial environment can make a decisive contribution to neutralize the problem of rural territories depopulation. This study intended understand the entrepreneurial dynamics and the institutional network that support entrepreneurship and business creation in the “Alto Minho” region, as a starting point for the presentation of proposals, and to improve the effectiveness of programs and strategies that support entrepreneurship. The study method used a quantitative evaluation through an inquire to “Alto Minho” population. The investigation allowed collected data from 338 individuals, 160 of which are entrepreneurs. The results show that in “Alto Minho”, human and social capital are decisive factors for companies creation and business success. The network of entities that support entrepreneurship and business creation in “Alto Minho”, has sufficient territorial coverage, although the quality and skills of its agents are not highly valued by the respondents. The factors related to the entrepreneur preparation, business knowledge, and institutional network competence, are recognized as fundamental for companies creation, their sustainability and future growth. There is a generalized perception that it is imperative to value and make more effective the existing network of entrepreneurship support programs. The analysis by municipality does not show statistically significant differences in the majority of the indicators evaluated.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Sabhlok, Smita G. "Women and NGOs' participation in development: partnership and control in India." 2007. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2899.

Full text
Abstract:
This dissertation examines the participation of women and NGOs in a rural development and empowerment project in India. The World Bank initiated Rural Women’s Development and Empowerment Project was funded with the primary objective of working towards women’s economic and social empowerment through the formation of self-help groups. Within the framework of Gender and Development (GAD), women’s development and participation has to fulfil both practical and strategic gender needs in order for them to gain, share and exercise power. In women’s development, the economic cannot be understood apart from the social and the political. Transformative or genuine participation for women involves a process of partnership where one or more forms of power are attained through social capital and the participants are able to surmount structural barriers. Genuine participation can be achieved only through the processes of partnership and control, that is, through the building of equitable relationships among the primary beneficiaries themselves and between the primary beneficiaries and external agents. The incentives to participate and the pattern of participation are influenced by the material expectations and the social reality of women. (For complete abstract open document)
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Karasi, Yvonne. "Challenges faced by rural-women entrepreneurs in Vhembe District: the moderation role of gender socialisation." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1103.

Full text
Abstract:
MCom (Business Management)<br>Department of Business Management<br>South African economic policies (for example, the National Development Plan [NDP] and Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act [BBBEE]) place high emphasis on promoting entrepreneurial activities. In particular, these policies seek to provide for interventions that minimise challenges faced by entrepreneurs. In spite of this there is a segment of entrepreneurs that continues to experience numerous challenges – women entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study was to analyse the challenges faced by rural-women entrepreneurs. Rural women entrepreneurs in particular face challenges or barriers, which can be categorised under entrepreneurial, socio-cultural, personal, and technical barriers. The notion of gender socialisation can be used as one of several explanations as to why males and females behave differently. This kind of socialisation is also thought to be at the root of gender stereotyping, including chauvinism. This kind of socialisation has been said to influence the degree to which women face entrepreneurial challenges in rural areas. To address this research problem, which focuses on social perceptions, the critical realism paradigm was used. The research methodology used was a quantitative one, with the sample size 151 participants. Snowballing was utilised to locate participants with the desired characteristics. Self-completing questionnaires adapted from previous studies were utilised to gather data. The collected data was analysed using IBM-SPSS. Various descriptive and multivariate statistical tests, including ANOVA, cluster analysis, and factor analysis were used to analyse the data. The data collected indicated that women entrepreneurs with higher levels of gender socialisation (‘strongly believe’) are affected by entrepreneurial challenges more than those with low levels of gender socialisation. The results also indicated that education plays a key role in changing women’s’ attitudes towards their gendered roles and how they are socialised from a young age through to adult status. The researcher recommended equal opportunities for both males and females with regard to access to state resources such as education and finance, and access to information about businesses.<br>NRF
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Čapkovičová, Andrea. "Strukturální změny venkovské zaměstnanosti v Česku zkoumány teritoriálním přístupem." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403111.

Full text
Abstract:
The thesis searches for driving forces behind structural changes of rural employment in the example of Czechia subject to changing rural paradigm and the related question of rural economic viability represented by the employment performance. The research elaborates on the territorial approaches which categorises regions according to their degree of rurality. In addition, the detailed classification is made according to the change of non-agricultural employment in the period 2001-2011 in order to identify dynamic regions which showed performance above national average (leading) and those which lacked behind (lagging). The observations prompt the question why is the performance differentiated. Therefore, the regionally differentiated impact of processes such as deagriculturisation, deindustrialisation and tertiarisation in the period 2001-2011 is analysed by the use of analysis of components (namely shift-share analysis) and multivariate analysis (namely factor and cluster analysis). The thesis aims to provide answers in particular by giving a thorough analysis of how the changing rural paradigm (and regional theories in wider context) conceptualise the driving forces behind employment development in rural areas. The added value is in the analysis of interrelations and correlations of chosen...
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Mbele, Kwethemba Good-present. "Factors affecting young prospective entrepreneurs in the Umdoni Local Municipal Area." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2925.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Management Sciences: Business Administration, Durban, South Africa, 2017.<br>Given the current, global, economic situation, the status of youth entrepreneurship in South Africa is no different to that of the youth in other countries. It is debatable whether similar support and mechanisms used by other countries can be used without contextualising them for the South African environment. Cultural differences, level of education, different market standards, and a different socio-political environment are some of the factors that should be taken into consideration, when aiming to create an enabling environment that will open entrepreneurial opportunities for South African youth. A major threat for youth, especially in South Africa, is that if their needs and desires are not addressed, the youth will lose faith in starting their own entrepreneurial activities and in that way, become more dependent on the government to create employment opportunities for them. This situation certainly could add to the currently high unemployment rate and in the long-term, high youth unemployment could destabilise the country. This study is aimed at investigating entrepreneurship activities in a semi-rural area, with the aim of identifying the inherent weaknesses that prevent young people from pursuing entrepreneurial activities, as well as those enabling factors that can mitigate against these identified weaknesses. The study is conducted in the UGu District Municipality, specifically, the Umdoni Local Municipal area has been selected. A mixed methods research approach was used and 120 respondents from the selected municipal area participated in this study, including the municipal official. The study highlighted that access to financial support is one of the primary obstacles for the setting-up of a new business, since the majority of young people in the area tend to come from disadvantaged backgrounds. In addition, the research pointed to other challenges, including the business registration process, lack of adequate entrepreneurial training and mentoring programmes, the impact of crime in starting a fledging business and general support from government departments and agencies. Should these challenges not be addressed through an enabling environment, young people will, in the process, be discouraged from engaging in entrepreneurial activities. Given that the study was conducted in a semi-rural area, there are certainly greater challenges to the development of youth entrepreneurship. Therefore, the recommendations include municipalities creating a special relationship with government agencies to obtain greater assistance; that Government and its agencies consider setting up a designated fund to assist young people who want to open business in semi-rural and rural areas; that the administrative requirements for such a group of young entrepreneurs, in respect of funding, training, support, mentoring and business registration, be much more accessible and easier to obtain.<br>M
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Iwara, Ishmael Obaeko. "Endogenous attributes of successful youth entrepreneurs in selected wards of Thulamela Local Municipality." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1149.

Full text
Abstract:
MRDV<br>Institute for Rural Development<br>Given that successful enterprises globally, play pivotal roles in job creation, income generation, and sustainable livelihood, they can contribute to the economic development of South Africa if such activities are supported. Unfortunately, many youth-run enterprises fail in the first year of operation. This study distilled inherent success driving attributes which could provide learning points for future youth entrepreneurs. A mixed design was applied in which qualitative and quantitative data was gathered. Yamane’s (1973) formula was used to identify a sample of 140 youth entrepreneurs from Dididi, Dumasi, Hasane, and Botsoleni villages in Thulamela Local Municipality. Simple random sampling techniques were used to select the respondents. Open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires were used to collect data through one-on-one interviews. The analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25, where descriptive statistics and other related inferential statistics were performed. Atlas-ti software version 8 was used to analyse the qualitative data. Five major factors, namely: survey, entrepreneurs’ standards, advertisements, clients, and employees and several attributes linked to each factor were identified. Entrepreneurs’ ability to explore existing markets, follow-up trends of innovation, and evaluate ideas were core attributes of survey. Youths’ potential to set goals and targets, make savings for reinvestments, and introduce new businesses were linked to entrepreneurs’ standards. Advertisements, skills to use social media, communicate with clients, and relate with other entrepreneurs were mentioned. Ability to follow up with clients, and give quality services at competitive price were the main attributes associated to clients, while the ability to define task and allocate duties, make timely and healthy payments were identified under employee factor. These attributes informed a model for the enhancement of success endogenous attributes of entrepreneurs. The study recommends the implementation of the model to enhance improved entrepreneurship capacity building through formal and informal education.<br>NRF
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography