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Madziyauswa, Victor. "Assessing sustainability of community managed NGOs’ WASH interventions in rural Zimbabwe: the case of Chivi district in Masvingo province." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 4 (2017): 640–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.049.
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Abstract Availability and accessibility to water and good sanitation add considerably towards improving human lives and in the development of every country. In a number of instances, central governments have been unable to meet the requirements and needs of their respective citizens in totality, mainly due to capacity constraints and other competing demands. This has seen non-government organizations (NGOs) inspired to provide communities with those services. Concern has been raised about sustainability of community managed NGOs’ services in rural areas of Zimbabwe. This study assesses sustainability of community managed NGOs’ rural WASH services with a view to producing recommendations on how sustainability of NGOs’ services might be enhanced by working with other stakeholders. The study's major finding was that NGOs’ services in rural areas lack a clear mechanism of enhancing continuity. Forty-five households, three water point committees, two schools and one clinic from three wards were interviewed. Respondents were chosen using purposive sampling techniques from ward 18, 19 and 20. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the use of an interview guide. The study recommends the need for government to prioritize the rural WASH sector in resource allocation. This will ensure that infrastructure maintenance and repairs are implemented in conjunction with involved communities.
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Ndhlovu, Pardon, Average Chigwenya, Simon Makuvaza, and Fungai Hamilton Mudzengerere. "Tourism development activities in Chisuma communal area in Hwange Rural District, Zimbabwe." African J. of Economic and Sustainable Development 4, no. 2 (2015): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ajesd.2015.069857.
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Mutanana, Ngonidzashe. "Open and Distance Learning in Rural Communities of Zimbabwe: Exploring Challenges Faced by Zimbabwe Open University Students in Kadoma District, Zimbabwe." Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature 6, no. 1 (2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajhal.v6i1.349.
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This study sought to explore challenges faced by Open and Distance Learning (ODL) students in rural communities using Kadoma District as a case study. The specific objectives of this study were to (i) identify challenges faced by ODL students in rural communities in achieving their educational goals and (ii) establish effects of these challenges in accomplishing/finalizing their programmes. The research employed a mixed research approach to triangulate the results. The study used a case study research design to solicit information. The target population was undergraduate students who were currently pursuing the following programmes; Commerce, Education, Applied Sciences, and Agriculture. A sample of 30 postgraduate students and five key informants were used to collect data. The sampling techniques employed were convenience and purposive samplings respectively. Findings revealed that students in rural communities are facing some challenges during their academic career. These challenges include inadequate access to tutor support and physical resources, inflexible practices and access to ICT, poor or no electricity to operate ICT appliances, financial, cultural, community and employment responsibilities. These challenges have some effects which include but not limited to late submission of assignments, poor quality results and university dropouts. Basing on these conclusions, the study recommends the university to recruit more tutors who should be available for students at district offices. The university should ensure technological development at the district centers, and within the student’s locations. The study also recommends the university to provide students in the rural communities with study skills, time management skills, as well as guidance and counseling required to manage their studies. The study finally recommends further studies on strategies to encounter challenges faced by ODL students in rural communities.
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Mutizwa-Mangiza, N. D. "Rural local government finance in Zimbabwe: The case of Gokwe District Council." Public Administration and Development 12, no. 1 (1992): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230120109.
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Wanmali, Sudhir. "Determinants of Rural Service Use among Households in Gazaland District, Zimbabwe." Economic Geography 67, no. 4 (1991): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/143978.
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Cleaver, Frances. "Problems in the planning of rural water supply projects: Lessons from Nkayi district, Zimbabwe." Journal of International Development 6, no. 1 (1994): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.3380060112.
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Kurebwa, Jeffrey, Emmaculate Ngwerume, and Charles Massimo. "Contribution of the Bindura Community Share Ownership Trust to Rural Development in Bindura Rural District Council of Zimbabwe." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 4, no. 4 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v4i4.6624.
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This research analysed the contribution of the Bindura Community Share Ownership Trust (BCSOT) to Bindura Rural District Council (BRDC) in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe. Key informant interviews and the survey questionnaire were used for primary data collection while secondary sources such as the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act of 2007 and Statutory Instrument of 2010 which established the Community Share Ownership Trusts were analysed. The research found that 45 projects had been embarked on by the BCSOT. These projects included water, health, education and roads. It concludes that these projects had greatly contributed to rural development in Bindura Rural District Council. The respondents indicated that if CSOTs are to succeed, there should local community involvement in the identification of projects. The research recommended that the BCSOT should also establish small to medium enterprises and other income-generating projects in order to improve rural livelihoods.
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Selome, Joyce, and Nevel Tshuma. "Microfinance and Women Empowerment in Zimbabwe: A Case of Women Development Fund in Umguza District." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 35 (July 2014): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.35.74.
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The gender dimension of poverty focuses on the dilemma of women, their numerous roles as women and their role in dealing with poverty. In many developing countries, women are discriminated upon in terms of their access to capital means of production; basic needs support, employment opportunities and access to credit facilities. In Zimbabwe, like in many developing countries, empowering women through micro-credit finance is viewed as a means of reducing women poverty, empowering them, reducing their vulnerability and improving their well-being especially in the rural areas. This paper discusses the role of the government of Zimbabwe in empowering rural women through the introduction Women Development Fund (WDF). The study was carried out in Umguza district in Matabeleland North province of Zimbabwe. The study employed mainly purposive sampling and data was collected using questionnaire, key informant interviews, focus group discussion observation and oral history. Research revealed that WDF as a strategy has made a difference in the livelihoods of the recipients through initiation of income generating projects. However the major handicap with WDF is that the amount of money given are small and that it was employed in isolate hence the need to have complementary initiatives such as capacity building, market networking among others.
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NEMARUNDWE, NONTOKOZO. "Social Charters and Organisation for Access to Woodlands: Institutional Implications for Devolving Responsibilities for Resource Management to the Local Level in Chivi District, Zimbabwe." Society & Natural Resources 17, no. 4 (2004): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920490278629.
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Mago, Stephen, and Costa Hofisi. "Microfinance as a pathway for smallholder farming in Zimbabwe." Environmental Economics 7, no. 3 (2016): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(3).2016.07.
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Microfinance has been viewed as a pathway for smallholder farming. This paper aims to investigate the impact of microfinance on smallholder farming. It examines the role of microfinance in the development of smallholder farming. This paper employs the integrated view of microfinance study as opposed to the ‘credit only’(minimalist) view. Using qualitative research methodology, the paper relies on literature review and primary data. Household level data (primary) were collected from a rural district (Masvingo Rural District) of Masvingo province in Zimbabwe. Data were collected from 250 microfinance participants (household heads) using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. The findings show that microfinance had positive effects on accumulation of agricultural assets, income from agriculture, agricultural education, agricultural productivity, agri-business, consumption and health. However, the impact is limited due to lack of finance. Basic financial services are essential for the management of their smallholder farming activities. The practical implications are that the study results could be used by the government and development agencies for policy making. The paper recommends that microfinance should be harnessed as a useful intervention that can be employed to economically empower the smallholder rural agricultural sector. Keywords: microfinance, smallholder farming, integrated view, minimalist view. JEL Classification: G21, O13
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Mago, Stephen, Daina Nyathi, and Costa Hofisi. "Non-governmental organisations and rural poverty reduction strategies in Zimbabwe: A case of Binga rural district." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 4 (2015): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i1_p5.
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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies implemented by Non-governmental organisation (NGOs) for poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe with specific reference to Zimbabwe’s Binga Rural District. The qulitative research methodology was employed in the article. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Findings indicated that NGOs do not adequately fulfil the needs of the poor due to ineffective strategies that they implement. There is insufficient understanding of the livelihoods of the poor in Binga, hence the need for participatory development approaches. Deepening and widening poverty in the rural areas that are currently served by NGOs is an indicator that their poverty alleviation strategies are inadequate and ineffective to deal with poverty in these rural areas. The paper recommends a policy shift by both NGOs and the government to improve the poverty reduction strategies used by NGOs.
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Dzvimbo, Munyaradzi Admire, Tinashe Mitchell Mashizha, Monica Monga, and Cornelias Ncube. "Conservation Agriculture and Climate Change: Implications for Sustainable Rural Development in Sanyati, Zimbabwe." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 8, no. 2 (2017): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v8i2.1795.
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Zimbabwe is one of the most developed countries in Sub-Saharan Africa in that markets and rural industrialization are likely to function relatively well. Thus, Zimbabwe’s agricultural sector has been severely affected by climate change. The worsening agricultural conditions have led to undernourishment of many in rural areas and this has drawn so much attention. Young women have turned into prostitution, in their bid to ensure the survival of their families. Farmers in rural areas depend heavily on rain-fed water and with rainfall variability and extreme weather patterns records, their livelihoods are being threatened. To cope with the adverse impact of climate change on rural development, different coping strategies and mechanisms are being implemented. The government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the private sector have all introduced various programmes and projects at grassroots levels. The information used in this paper was gathered using data from interviews, questionnaires, and focused group discussion. This article explores how conservation agriculture being one of the coping strategies, has helped rural farmers to deal with climate change and how it has sustained rural development in Sanyati District.
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Chipango, Ellen Fungisai. "Reinterpreting energy poverty in Zimbabwe: a scalar perspective." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (2018): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22964.
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Unequal access to electricity has negatively impacted rural households in Zimbabwe. Energy poverty and its impact cannot be understood only at rural household level, but involve the local community, the government, the nature of the state and international relations. The state, non-state and political actors operate across scales and have relational interactions that help to explain inequality in access to energy. Through a qualitative study of Buhera District, Ward 24 and its scalar political ecology, I explain inequalities of access through actor roles and differential power, also finding that patriarchal gender relations play a critical role in socially producing scale in the household. Scalar relations determine policy decisions that are felt by households denied access to electricity.
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Manyena, Siambabala Bernard, Sani Boniface Mutale, and Andrew Collins. "Sustainability of rural water supply and disaster resilience in Zimbabwe." Water Policy 10, no. 6 (2008): 563–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.066.
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Rural water supply, especially through the provision of village hand pumps, is implicated in the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015 to enhance the resilience of disaster-affected communities. Lessons from past programmes could help the design and implementation of future rural water supply and sanitation interventions as both a means and an end for sustainable and resilient communities, especially in disaster-prone areas. A study was carried out in the disaster-prone Binga District of Zimbabwe to ascertain whether rural water supply has helped in enhancing community resilience. The findings support the argument that, in addition to ‘hard’ technical inputs and ‘soft’ local human resource inputs, rural water supply is only effective if introduced with the ‘right’ reasons identified and made to operate sustainably, rather than for cost-cutting reasons. The latter is likely to reduce rather than enhance and sustain disaster resilience built by communities over centuries.
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Balint, Peter J., and Judith Mashinya. "CAMPFIRE through the Lens of the ‘Commons’ Literature: Nyaminyami Rural District in Post-2000 Zimbabwe." Journal of Southern African Studies 34, no. 1 (2008): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070701832924.
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Mago, Stephen. "Microfinance, Poverty Alleviation and Sustainability: Towards a New Micro-Finance Model for Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 7 (2014): 551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i7.516.
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The main aim of this paper is to propose the development of a new microfinance model that can approximate sustainability in Zimbabwe. The secondary purpose is to find out whether the same model can be replicated in other developing countries. The paper adopted a mixed methodology. A crosssectional data collection method was preferred because data was collected during the time of high volatility in the country. Questionnaires, interview schedules were combined to collect data from villagers involved in microfinance programmes. Data were collected from 250 households in the Masvingo rural district area of Zimbabwe. The findings show that the two polar models are biased, hence the need for the ‘middle of the road approach’/‘hybrid model’ for the provision of microfinance services to the poor in order to achieve the twin objectives of poverty alleviation and sustainability. The paper is limited to a Masvingo district of Zimbabwe, thus replication could become a challenge. This article attempts to develop a ‘middle of the road’ model for microfinance in Zimbabwe. According to our knowledge, there is no study that has attempted to do the same.
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Kativhu, Simbarashe, Joseph Francis, and Beata Kilonzo. "Examination of the Determinants of Youth Voluntary Participation in Rural Community Development: The Case of Mutoko District, Zimbabwe." Studies of Tribes and Tribals 15, no. 1 (2017): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972639x.2017.1335682.
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Moyo, Funa, and Clifford Mabhena. "Harnessing Mineral Resources in Gwanda District of Zimbabwe: A Myth or a Reality?" International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 38 (August 2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.38.1.
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The article examines strategies of harnessing mineral resources for community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development in mining areas of Zimbabwe. Despite abundant mineral resources, the majority of Zimbabwean indigenous communities living close to the mines have limited access to directly or indirectly benefit from the mineral resources. Using a descriptive survey to collect data, this research article gives a strong proposition on how the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act can be used as a vehicle of harnessing mineral resources. The article argues that pro poor mining policies that ensure the harnessing of mineral resources for community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development are paramount. The article further argues that the Indigenous and Economic Empowerment Act needs to be harmonised with other sector legislation in the country. The article concludes that the development of infrastructure and provision of public utilities such as electricity, water, establishing micro-credit to small and medium enterprises and implementing broad-based indigenisation policies are some of the strategies of improving rural livelihoods. Similarly direct and indirect linkages between the mining sector and local economy could be enhanced through the provision of food supply to the mine, manufacture of mining inputs, provision of security services and supply of labour by the local community. The article recommends that the harmonisation of legislation that has an effect on harnessing of mineral resources by local communities will ensure community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development.
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Louis, Nyahunda, Chibvura Shyleen, and Happy M Tirivangasi. "Barriers towards Sustainable Development Goal (Sdg 5) On Achieving Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women and Girls in Nyanga Rural District of Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 10, no. 3 (2021): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2021/v10n3a2.
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Gender equality and human rights are vital components of sustainable development. Recognising this, like many countries across the globe, Zimbabwe adopted and is in the process of implementing the Agenda 2030 for sustainable development. As such, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) influence the country’s national priorities and developmental trajectories. 2030 is earmarked for the completion of the SDGs and their evaluation. That being the case, it is important to note that in Zimbabwe the realisation of (SDG,5) on achieving gender equality and empowerment of women and girls is still far from being a lived reality owing to several setbacks. This paper delineated the factors impeding the successful realisation of SDGs aimed at promoting gender equality and empowerment of women/girls in Zimbabwe. The paper adopted a qualitative research approach guided by the descriptive design. 15 participants were selected through purposive and convenient sampling and data were collected using focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Data were analysed through the Thematic Content Analysis. This study established that barriers towards the attainment of gender equality in Nyanga rural district are embedded in cultural, religious, and political factors. Other factors such as poverty and lack of policy implementation also serve as barriers towards the realisation of gender equality and empowerment of women.
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Rutherford, Blair. "Another side to rural Zimbabwe: social constructs and the administration of farm workers in Urungwe district, 1940s." Journal of Southern African Studies 23, no. 1 (1997): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057079708708525.
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Katsande, Tapiwa Emmanuel. "Vocational Education and Training in Rural Zimbabwe: Attitudes and Opinions of Students, Teachers and Education Inspectors: The Case of Murewa District." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 7, no. 3 (2016): 12–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v7i3.1412.
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The 2008 global economic crisis has seen young people’s career and employment prospects dwindle, particularly for those based in rural areas. Governments in both industrialised and developing countries are considering vocational education reform to meet nations’ employment and economic needs. Despite renewed interest in VET, the sentiments of students and teachers remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the views and attitudes of students, teachers and education inspectors towards VET in rural Zimbabwe. The findings revealed divergent views. It emerged that most students did not necessarily have negative views of VET, but they were put off by the low status, lack of choice and the lacklustre delivery of VET. Teachers and students alike were sceptical about the role of VET in securing employment. This study will contribute to the on-going review of Zimbabwe’s education system and will inform school managers and policy makers on curriculum development and culture change in rural communities and schools.
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Machoko, Collis Garikai. "Burial of oscillating rural-urban and oscillating rural-diasporic indigenous Zimbabweans at dilapidated rural homes (matongo): a case study of the genesis of tent huts and kinship funeral expense fund groups in Buhera District, Zimbabwe." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 38, no. 3 (2020): 475–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2020.1811210.
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Monga, Monica, Munyaradzi A. Dzvimbo, and Tinashe M. Mashizha. "The Dynamics of Gender: A Grassroots Perspective on Economic Resilience and Empowerment of the Tonga People in Kariba." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 4 (2019): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i4.565.
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This paper examines the dynamics of gender-differentiated effects of economic resilience on rural livelihoods and infrastructure improvements of the Tonga people who predominantly resides in North Western Zimbabwe. The paper interrogates men and women’s empowerment as well as their roles of transforming their lives through engaging in various economic activities and infrastructural development in Mola, Nyaminyami District, Zimbabwe. This study uses a qualitative research approach which is backed by both primary and secondary data collection methods which are underpinned by mixed methods approach involving observation, focus group discussions with community members and in-depth interviews with community leaders and key stakeholders. The study proffers that while economic resilience affects both men and women, it disproportionately affects the amount of work women have to do which has a profound bearing on their ability to innovate and transform their obsolete infrastructure at their disposal. Hence, the study recommends ways to foreground gender mainstreaming in order to address emerging gender related challenges emanating from stereotyping and prejudice, stakeholder engagement and partnerships in revamping existing infrastructure.
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Chidakwa, Patience, Clifford Mabhena, Blessing Mucherera, Joyline Chikuni, and Chipo Mudavanhu. "Women’s Vulnerability to Climate Change: Gender-skewed Implications on Agro-based Livelihoods in Rural Zvishavane, Zimbabwe." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 27, no. 2 (2020): 259–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521520910969.
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Climate change presents a considerable threat to human security, with notable gender disproportions. Women’s vulnerability to climate change has implications on agro-based livelihoods, especially the rural populace. The primary purpose of this study was to assess women’s vulnerability to climate change and the gender-skewed implications on agro-based livelihoods in rural Zvishavane, Zimbabwe. A qualitative approach that used purposive sampling techniques was adopted. Data was collected through 20 in-depth interviews with 11 de jure and 9 de facto small-scale female-headed farmer households. Two focus group discussions with mixed de facto and de jure small-scale female-headed farmer households were also conducted. Five key informant interviews were held with departmental heads of the Ministry of Women’s Affairs, Gender and Community Development; the Agriculture Technical Extension Service Department; the Livestock Production Department; the Runde Rural District Council and the Meteorological Services Department. Gendered effects were noted in terms of increased roles and responsibilities for women. Observations showed that there was an increase in distances travelled by women to fetch water owing to a depleted water table. Climate-induced migration of men due to depleted livelihoods in rural areas has also increased roles and responsibilities for women. The traditional male responsibilities assumed by women included cattle herding and ox-driven ploughing. This study concluded that adaptation strategies towards vulnerability to climate change have to be gender-sensitive and area-specific. This study also recommended that response programmes and policies meant to curb existing gendered vulnerabilities should be informed by evidence because climate-change effects are unique for different geographical areas. Moreover, adaptation activities should be mainstreamed in community processes so as to reduce the burden on women and increase sustainability opportunities.
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Andersson, Jens A. "Reinterpreting the Rural–Urban Connection: Migration Practices and Socio-Cultural Dispositions of Buhera Workers in Harare." Africa 71, no. 1 (2001): 82–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2001.71.1.82.
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AbstractIn the academic debate on labour migration and urbanisation in Southern Africa the persistence of links between urban workers and people in rural areas has proved a pertinent issue. As is implied by the termlabour migration, economic forces have always been regarded as a major determinant of migratory behaviour. State-centred perspectives have dominated studies of rural–urban migration in Zimbabwe, where a restrictive legal framework regulated migration to urban centres during the colonial era in an attempt to prevent large numbers of Africans becoming permanent town dwellers. This ethnographic study of labour migrants in Harare originating from the Buhera district, however, shifts away from perspectives that reduce migratory behaviour to an effect of state intervention and/or economic forces. Such external forces are mediated by migrants’ networks that encompass both rural and urban localities. Rather than being only economically motivated, individual migrants’ participation in these networks has to be understood as an expression of a socio-cultural pattern in which rural identification and kinship ideology are of major importance. Viewing migration practices in this way—i.e. as observable outcomes of migrants’ socio-cultural dispositions—not only helps us to understand better the preferences that motivate economic behaviour but also challenges conventional perspectives in which the rural and urban are often viewed as distinct social worlds and the urbanisation process as part of a wider evolutionary development or transition towards a modern class society.
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Nyamwanza, Admire M., and Mark New. "Anticipatory adaptation and the role of decadal climate information in rural African livelihood systems." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 8, no. 2 (2016): 236–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-03-2015-0029.
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Purpose – This study aims to explore the utility of anticipatory adaptation to climate variability and related livelihood sensitivities in rural African contexts using the case of Mbire district situated in the mid-Zambezi valley region of Zimbabwe. The provision of decadal climate information (up to ten years), as part of an anticipatory adaptation package, is at the centre of analysis. Design/methodology/approach – The study used semi-structured and key informant interviews, with a total of 45 semi-structured interviews being conducted with randomly selected long-term communal farmers in the case study area. Whilst data from semi-structured interviews was arranged in Microsoft Excel, thematic analysis was used in analyzing all data. Findings – Anticipatory adaptation and decadal climate projections are shown to potentially enhance flexibility in adaptation planning vis- à-vis responding to climate variability and other challenges, as well as reduce chances of maladaptation in responding to climate challenges in the context of multiple and reinforcing stresses and shocks. Originality/value – Anticipatory adaptation, with its three main pillars of future analysis, flexibility of strategies and proactive action, is emerging as key in assisting adaptation planning, the harnessing of opportunities and decision-making vis- à-vis responding to climate uncertainties and related livelihood sensitivities. Yet there have not been much empirically grounded analyses in understanding the role of anticipatory adaptation in rural Africa. This study therefore adds to evidence-based analyses towards understanding the role and utility of anticipatory adaptation in local communities in Africa.
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Ncube, France, Artwell Kanda, Maude Chahwanda, Margaret Macherera, and Bigboy Ngwenya. "Predictors of hand hygiene behaviours among primary and secondary school children in a rural district setting in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional epidemiologic study." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 10, no. 4 (2020): 851–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2020.126.
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Abstract Hand hygiene is one of the most effective and efficient ways of controlling faecal–oral diseases. However, little is known about the predictors of hand hygiene behaviours among school children. A predesigned checklist guide was used to observe hygiene behaviours of 460 pupils from four rural schools in Shamva South district, Zimbabwe. A pretested questionnaire was administered to obtain demographic data of the observed school children. Membership of a Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) club, age, gender and the level of education were associated with hand hygiene practices (p < 0.05). The findings indicated that investing in hand hygiene behaviour change processes among school children using the promotion, formation, resuscitation and empowerment of WASH clubs in schools is important in disease prevention among communities in developing countries.
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Chingombe, Wisemen, and Happwell Musarandega. "Understanding the Logic of Climate Change Adaptation: Unpacking Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation by Smallholder Farmers in Chimanimani District, Zimbabwe." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (2021): 3773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073773.
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Smallholder farmers in Chimanimani District, Zimbabwe, have grappled for a long time with the effects of climate change despite the locally and externally driven resilience-building initiatives in place. This paper adopts a qualitative approach to explore the encountered adaptation barriers. Smallholder farmers, Agricultural Technical and Extension Services (AGRITEX) officers, and the traditional leadership fraternity were randomly selected from the district’s 22 rural wards as study participants. Data were solicited using focus group discussions and face-to-face interviews that were corroborated by researcher observation methods. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis of key perspectives drawn from smallholder farmers, traditional leaders, and extension officers who work with farmers. What was unveiled is an assortment of barrier dynamics related to climate, finance, infrastructure, generational change, water resources, inefficient bureaucracy, gender inequality, and health barriers. Vensim PLE 7.3 software was used to illustrate barrier components as they act together to cripple smallholder farmers’ efforts to raise their adaptive capacity. Adaptation barriers are complex and, therefore, cannot be addressed using policies that are fragmented. The paper recommends a multidimensional approach by policy makers to analyse adaptive barriers to build more climate resilience within smallholder farmer communities.
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Oosterom, Marjoke A. "Youth and social navigation in Zimbabwe’s informal economy: ‘Don’t end up on the wrong side’." African Affairs 118, no. 472 (2018): 485–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/ady048.
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Abstract This article draws on qualitative case study research in Murewa, a rural district town in Zimbabwe, to extend the use of the concept of ‘social navigation’ from conflict-affected settings to repressive regime contexts. Through the concept of ‘the everyday’, it analyses how youth experience political violence and repression, and the tactics they use to access paid work and secure self-employment. The findings show that youth accept existing forms of political violence and repression as normal, and that the historical construction of politicized youth matters for how they understand their room for manoeuvre within it. Since partisan actors control many of the economic opportunities, social navigation is about the need to assess the political affiliation of actors that offer any economic opportunity, and the potential implications of being associated with a particular ‘side’ in the political landscape. Contrary to dominant discourses that portray youth as violent, this study shows that many will avoid relationships through which they risk being mobilized into violence.
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Mlauzi, Obey. "SITTING ON A TIME BOMB IS THE MINISTRY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT BY NOT ADDRESSING EFFECTIVE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL TO AID SERVICE DELIVERY: A CASE STUDY OF MATEBELELAND SOUTH PROVINCE IN ZIMBABWE." Global Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences 6, no. 3 (2017): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24105/gjiss.6.3.1704.
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Silitonga, Mirdat, Herien Puspitawati, and Istiqlaliyah Muflikhati. "MODAL SOSIAL, COPING EKONOMI, GEJALA STRES SUAMI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF KELUARGA PADA KELUARGA TKW." JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan) 5, no. 1 (2018): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jkkp.051.03.
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The achievement of family well - being is an aspiration of all families including families of migrant workers, to achieve the well - being of one of the ways that the families of migrant workers with the departure of the wife work as domestic servants in various countries. The purpose of this study was to analyze social capital, economic coping, sress symptom’s husband and family subjektive well - being of women migrant workers. This research use cross sectional studies. The location was chosen purposively in Tanggeung Village, Pagermaneuh Village, Margaluyu Village, Karangtengah Village, Tanggeung District and Pasirdalam Village Kadupandak District, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Seventy five families were selected purposively among the families of women migrant workers. The finding indicates that social capital is in the moderate category, the coping economy is in the moderate category, the sress symptom’s husband is in the low category and the family well-being is in the low category. Finding in this study family subjective well-being is influenced by income per capita, sress symptom’s husband and economic coping.
 Keywords: economic coping, family subjective well-being, social capital, stress symptom
 
 Abstrak
 Kesejahteraan keluarga merupakan sesuatu yang ingin dicapai seluruh keluarga, termasuk keluarga Tenaga Kerja Wanita (TKW), untuk mencapai kesejahteraan tersebut salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh keluarga TKW adalah mengirim istri sebagai pembantu rumah tangga di berbagai negara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis modal sosial, coping ekonomi, gejala stres suami, dan kesejahteraan subjektif keluarga TKW. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional studies. Lokasi dipilih dengan metode purposive di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Kabupaten Cianjur, Kecamatan Tanggeung, Desa Pagermaneuh, Desa Marguluyu, Desa Karangtengah, Desa Tanggeung, Kecamatan Kadupandak, Desa Pasirdalam. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 75 keluarga TKW dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menemukan modal sosial berada pada kategori sedang, coping ekonomi berada pada kategori sedang, gelaja stres suami berada pada kategori rendah, dan kesejahteraan subjektif berada pada kategori rendah. Penelitian ini juga menemukan kesejahteraan keluarga berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan perkapita, gelaja stres suami, dan coping ekonomi.
 Kata kunci : coping ekonomi, gejala stres, kesejahteraan subjektif, modal sosial.
 
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Chineka, Jestina, Agnes Musyoki, Edmore Kori, and Hector Chikoore. "Gender mainstreaming: A lasting solution to disaster risk reduction." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 11, no. 3 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v11i3.723.
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Disasters threaten resources as well as displace millions of people globally. It is undisputable that disasters have gender dimensions. However, most African countries are still lagging behind as far as the holistic integration of gender mainstreaming into national policies, particularly on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). The purpose of this article was to unpack the consequence of overlooking gender in DRR, thereby highlighting its importance. The study followed a comparative study design, by using two case studies of Mumbwa District in Zambia and Chivi District in Zimbabwe. The specific objectives were to examine the disaster risks in both Mumbwa and Chivi districts, analyse the DRR strategies used in both districts and highlight the critical success factors derived from gender mainstreaming in DRR in these cases. Findings showed that gender mainstreaming is not only an important tool in DRR but also a sustainable development initiative. Despite challenges faced by countries in DRR, gender mainstreaming should always be considered as their first line of action in DRR.
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Mutekwa, V., and S. Kusangaya. "Contribution of rainwater harvesting technologies to rural livelihoods in Zimbabwe: The case of Ngundu ward in Chivi District." Water SA 32, no. 3 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v32i3.5270.
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Moyo, Lungisani. "An Assessment of Public Works Programmes as a Poverty Reduction Strategy for Rural Zimbabwe: A Study on Chivi District." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, November 1, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1739.
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Zikhali, Whitehead. "Rural Economies and Human Development: The Case of Nkayi District, Zimbabwe." International Journal of Innovative Research and Development 7, no. 6 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2018/v7/i6/may18054.
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Ncube, Sibanengi. "Rural Women, Global Value Networks and Precarity in Chirumhanzu District, Zimbabwe, 1991–2000." Journal of Asian and African Studies, September 30, 2020, 002190962095245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909620952458.
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In 1991 Zimbabwe liberalised its economy. This resulted in the opening of the national economy to foreign investment. In line with this, subcontracting arrangements between international corporations and local commodity producers became prevalent. While this attracted scholarly interest, most of it is on global agricultural value networks. By tracing the integration of rural women knitters into international markets, this article offers a different case study. While integration into the knitwear global value chain afforded the women an opportunity to earn an income, their employment remained precarious. This article draws on archival data and interviews from participants to make its case.
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Shonhe, Toendepi. "The Agrarian Question in Contemporary Zimbabwe." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 49, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2663-6522/5713.
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The reinvestment of rural agrarian surplus is driving capital accumulation in Zimbabwe's countryside, providing a scope to foster national (re-) industrialisation and job creation. Contrary to Bernstein's view, the Agrarian Question on capital remains unresolved in Southern Africa. Even though export finance, accessed through contract farming, provides an impetus for export cash crop production, and the government-mediated command agriculture supports food crop production, the reinvestment of proceeds from the sale of agricultural commodities is now driving capital accumulation. Drawing from empirical data, gathered through surveys and in-depth interviews from Hwedza district and Mvurwi farming area in Mazowe district in Zimbabwe, the findings of this study revealed the pre-eminence of the Agrarian Question, linked to an ongoing agrarian transition in Zimbabwe. This agrarian capital elaborates rural-urban interconnections and economic development, following two decades of de-industrialisation in Zimbabwe.
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Konyana, Shoorai, and Elias Konyana. "COMPUTERISATION OF RURAL SCHOOLS IN ZIMBABWE:CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (THE CASE OF CHIPINGE DISTRICT)." African Journal of Teacher Education 3, no. 2 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/ajote.v3i2.2156.
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In this paper we seek to explain the relevance of introducing Computer Studies in Zimbabwean rural schools as a means to reduce the access to Information Communication Technology (ICT) gap between rural and urban schools. We first acknowledge the efforts of various stakeholders in education in introducing the Information Communication Technology curriculum in rural schools in the last ten or so years as a commitment to bringing Science and Technology to the rural pupil. In addition, we further explore the progress that has been made by rural schools that received computers from the Head of State and Government over the years. In the process, however, we observe that most rural schools have not fully embraced the ICT curriculum owing to a number of challenges. Thus, we contend in this paper that most rural schools that received donated computers in Zimbabwe had not been capacitated to fully utilise the new technology for the benefit of pupils, teachers and the community. As a result, most of the gadgets have been lying idle in classrooms due to lack of either proper infrastructural facilities such as computer laboratories and electricity as well as lack of trained ICT teachers. In the final submission, we implore stakeholders in education to facilitate ICT development in rural schools in Zimbabwe so as to increase access, quality and equity in education for sustainable rural development in Southern Africa.
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Marango, Timothy, Joseph Francis, Newton Mambande, and Joseph Kamuzhanje. "Youth Empowerment, a Requisite for Rural Development: Case of the Chimanimani District of Zimbabwe." Commonwealth Youth and Development 17, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/6904.
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The need for empowering youth is gaining prominence in rural development practice. This is so because it is a viable vehicle for poverty reduction, and sustainable peace, security and improvement in people’s livelihoods. In Zimbabwe, the youth constitute 35% of the total population. This paper is a product of an exploratory case study that was designed to examine youth empowerment in mainly rural areas of the Chimanimani District in eastern Zimbabwe. A semi-structured interview guide was administered to 34 conveniently sampled male and female youth. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data gathered. The youth felt disempowered and were frustrated because their potential contribution to economic, social and political development was underestimated and not fully exploited. They lamented the fact that their inputs rarely influenced policy and development practice. The youth detested corruption and nepotism in the allocation of land and funding for businesses, especially involving ministry officials who they alleged were openly pro-ruling party. Nor did the youth find it easy to assume leadership positions in their communities where elderly men dominated decision making and development space. It was concluded that if the local society recognised and embraced youth involvement in decision making and leadership processes, the implementation of initiatives meant to stimulate rural socio-economic development would be more sustainable.
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Mafuta, Wonder, and Joseph Kamuzhanje. "Transitioning from Relief to Development: Challenges and Opportunities: The Case of GOAL Zimbabwe in Buhera District." Journal of Asian and African Studies, May 22, 2020, 002190962091691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909620916913.
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Between 2000 and 2008, Zimbabwe experienced debilitating economic, political and social problems. The crises were characterised by political unrest, economic downturn, hyperinflation, food insecurity, breakdown in the provision of basic social services and the intensification of the effects of global warming and climate change. The period saw the entry of many international non-governmental organisations (NGOs), including GOAL Zimbabwe, which came to deal with the unfolding humanitarian crisis. Key informant interviews were conducted with 21 interviewees from GOAL, Buhera Rural District Council officials, Agritex officers and project beneficiaries. Atlas Ti was used to analyse the data into key themes. In 2010, GOAL Zimbabwe chose to stay and reincarnate itself and went through a very difficult process from being a relief to a development organisation. Results show the process on which GOAL embarked in transitioning from relief to recovery. The evidence coming out of the discussions indicates that with the right levels of support from development partners and commitment by communities, it is possible for both organisations and communities to transition from a humanitarian and relief mindset to a development paradigm.
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Tokwe, Hosea. "Accessing the world through promotion of a reading culture in Zimbabwe Rural Schools: the case for Mavhurazi Primary School." IASL Annual Conference Proceedings, May 11, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iasl7136.
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Successful promotion of a reading culture in rural schools requires the participation of the rural community who need more education on the importance of a library and how it is a central asset that can empower them to be productive citizens of their country. In rural Zimbabwe, there are few libraries existing in schools, creating a situation which has impacted negatively on the literacy and reading levels of the poor marginalized rural children. This paper therefore explores the collaboration and partnership of a rural community, parents, schools, local traditional leaders and international trust organizations in promoting a reading culture in schools by encouraging the community to develop an interest in books as resources that can transform their livelihoods. The author on his first visit met with important stakeholders such as School Heads, School Development Committee who are the parents’ representatives, the District Education Inspector, local Chief and several Headmen, Village Councillor, local businesspeople and health workers. Five Schools which the author identified through Mavhurazi School Head’s assistance were targeted in order to elicit response on a culture of reading. The paper will offer recommendations on the best way forward regarding use of the books by rural learners of Mudzi district, and then concludes by examining best methods to adopt to promote reading and bring about better performance in schools by learners. The promotion of rural adult literacy is another issue to be examined by this paper as well as the need to support the Primary and Secondary School Ministry’s concerted efforts to bring on board the concept of adult literacy to the poor rural folks of Mudzi district in rural Zimbabwe.
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Ndlovu, Everson, and Ednah Bhala. "Menstrual hygiene – A salient hazard in rural schools: A case of Masvingo district of Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 8, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v8i2.204.
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Active participation of the girl child in development is hampered by Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) challenges. MHM is an important gender issue and a critical component in holistic human development. It affects about 25% of the global population aged between 15 and 49 years. Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions in schools have not prioritised MHM, thus exposing girls and the entire school community to health related hazards. The study explored knowledge, attitudes and community practices, and investigated the impact of religious and cultural beliefs on MHM and how they impact on the girl child in Masvingo district. The survey was largely qualitative and employed methodologies of document analysis, Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and structured interviews. Participants included four churches, 13 NGOs, eight government departments and 40 women. Findings revealed deeply embedded power relations, a culture of silence around MHM, noninvolvement of men in MHM issues, limited availability in terms of information, and a girl unfriendly infrastructure, and limited access to menstrual hygiene products due to poverty and poor management and disposal practices. Resultant effects ranged from poor class participation, lack of concentration and constrained interactions with peers and teachers, low self-esteem, anxiety and the general feeling of being discriminated against. Results confirmed the need for increased awareness initiatives on MHM in a bid to tackle inherent religious and cultural beliefs that are a barrier to effective holistic implementation of WASH interventions that empower women and girls. Lobbying government to provide an appropriate policy framework, education and training, construction of girl friendly sanitary facilities, exploring and capitalisation of local production of Reusable Menstrual Pads (RUMPS), more research targeting children living with disabilities, those living in refugee and makeshift camps and Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC), are some of the recommendations coming out of the study
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Kativhu, Simbarashe. "Exploring Practical Strategies for Promoting Youth Voluntary Participation in Rural Community Development. The Case of Mutoko District, Zimbabwe." ANTHROPOLOGIST 33, no. 1-3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.31901/24566802.2018/33.1-3.1986.
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Choto, Emilia T., Takafira Mduluza, Francisca Mutapi, and Moses J. Chimbari. "Association of schistosomiasis and risk of prostate cancer development in residents of Murehwa rural community, Zimbabwe." Infectious Agents and Cancer 15, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13027-020-00327-2.
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Abstract Background Prostatic male genital schistosomiasis and prostate cancer co-existence cases are uncommon however, some studies have indicated that schistosomiasis may trigger development of prostate cancer regardless of age. Schistosomiasis is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and may account for some undocumented cases of schistosomiasis prostatic cancer in schistosome endemic rural communities. It is against this background that we investigated the association between schistosomiasis and risk of prostate cancer development in residents of Murehwa Community, a schistosomiasis endemic area. Methodology We conducted a cross sectional study involving 366 men residing in Murehwa District, Zimbabwe. Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infection was diagnosed using urine filtration and Kato Katz techniques, respectively. Haematuria was detected using urinalysis reagent strip test. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain history of schistosomiasis infection among study participants. Risk of prostate cancer development was assessed by measuring prostate-specific antigen levels in serum using the ELISA. Results Prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni infection was 12.3% and 1.4%, respectively. Individuals with schistosomiasis had higher prostate-specific antigen levels (mean 1.208 ± SD 1.557 ng/mL) compared to those without schistosomiasis (mean 0.7721 ± SD 1.173 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Older individuals > 50 years had higher prostate specific antigen levels (mean 0.7212 ± SD 1.313 ng/mL) compared to individuals < 50 years old (mean 0.4159 ± SD 0.8622 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Prostate-specific antigen levels log10 (mean 0.2584 ± SD 0.2128 ng/mL) and were associated to S. haematobium infection intensity log10 (mean 1.121 ± SD 0.5371 eggs/10 mL), r(s) = − 0.3225, p < 0.05. There was a correlation between prostate-specific antigen levels log10 (mean 0.2246 ± SD 0.1858 ng/mL) and S. haematobium infection intensity log10 (mean 1.169 ± SD 0.5568 eggs/10 mL) among participants with a history of schistosomiasis infection (r(s) = − 0.3520; p < 0.05). There was no correlation between prostate-specific antigen levels of > 4 ng/mL (mean 5.324 ± SD1.568 ng/mL) and schistosome eggs log10 (mean 1.057 ± SD 0.6730 eggs/10 mL; p > 0.05). Conclusion Urogenital schistosome infections and history of schistosome infections were associated with prostate specific antigen levels, an indicator for risk of prostate cancer. Therefore, S. haematobium schistosome egg burden was associated with the risk of prostate cancer development in adult males residing in Murehwa District, Zimbabwe.
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Dube, Ernest, Oliver Mtapuri, and Jephias Matunhu. "Flooding and poverty: Two interrelated social problems impacting rural development in Tsholotsho district of Matabeleland North province in Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 10, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v10i1.455.
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Flooding and poverty are the two social problems that have coexisted within the rural communities of Tsholotsho district. As a result, both problems have negatively affected and disrupted the everyday pattern of lives of people living in the district. This study sought to highlight how the two problems combine to impact human societies. The objectives that the study sought to fulfil were to establish the impact of flooding on the development of rural communities, to analyse how poverty manifests itself in rural communities, to analyse the relationship that exists between flooding and poverty and to suggest ways for dealing with the two problems. A qualitative research approach, using interviews and observations, was used to gather data from the research participants. The study findings were that flooding impeded development through shifting of human populations, destruction of crops, shelter and livestock. Floods also affected human capital through causing injuries to members of the community. Poverty manifested itself in three ways – as a development barrier, a vulnerability amplifier and a non-discriminatory agent. The study further found that a strong relationship exists between flooding and poverty because of the fact that flooding causes or worsens poverty, whereas poverty increases flood vulnerability. The study concluded that the poor need government assistance to reconstruct shelter destroyed by floods. Furthermore, programs aimed at improving livelihoods of the poor are an indispensable imperative. This study informs policymakers and offers a methodological significance to development and disaster practitioners. It also adds to the body of literature on flooding and poverty.
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Ncube-Phiri, Siduduziwe, Alice Ncube, Blessing Mucherera, and Mkhululi Ncube. "Artisanal small-scale mining: Potential ecological disaster in Mzingwane District, Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 7, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v7i1.158.
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Artisanal small-scale mining (ASM) has devastating impacts on the environment, such as deforestation, over-stripping of overburden, burning of bushes and use of harmful chemicals like mercury. These environmental impacts are a result of destructive mining, wasteful mineral extraction and processing practices and techniques used by the artisanal small-scale miners. This paper explores the ecological problems caused by ASM in Mzingwane District, Zimbabwe. It seeks to determine the nature and extent to which the environment has been damaged by the ASM from a community perspective. Interviews, questionnaires and observations were used to collect qualitative data. Results indicated that the nature of the mining activities undertaken by unskilled and under-equipped gold panners in Mzingwane District is characterised by massive stripping of overburden and burning of bushes, leading to destruction of large tracts of land and river systems and general ecosystem disturbance. The research concluded that ASM in Mzingwane District is an ecological time bomb, stressing the need for appropriate modifications of the legal and institutional frameworks for promoting sustainable use of natural resources and mining development in Zimbabwe. Government, through the Ministry of Small Scale and Medium Enterprises, need to regularise and formalise all gold mining activities through licensing, giving permanent claims and operating permits to panners in order to recoup some of the added costs in the form of taxes. At the local level, the Mzingwane Rural District Council (MRDC) together with the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) need to design appropriate environmental education and awareness programmes targeting the local community and gold panners.
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Mhike, Ivo, and Eric K. Makombe. "Mission and State Health Institutions: “Invisible” Public-Private Partnerships in Zimbabwe, 1980–1999." Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 44, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/3330.
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This article argues that Zimbabwe’s independence in 1980 marked not the end of the missionary era, but its high point. Government’s poor rural health infrastructure forced it to partner missionary health institutions in order to run preventive health programmes and improve access to health services for the majority of the population. Mission health institutions formed the mainstay of rural African health care needs in the colonial period and continued to do so in the post-colonial period; with 97 clinics and 70 hospitals, and 13 of the country’s 42 designated district hospitals compared to 1 032—largely small and urban based—government, council and private health facilities.Mission health institutions were regulated by the Ministry of Health and were partly funded by the government. However, the significance of the mission health endeavour was overshadowed by an overarching government development agenda and narrative. This study establishes the nature and forms of public-private health partnerships in the development of Zimbabwe’s public health system and highlights the importance of the church’s healing mandate. It also refracts on church-state relations and the broader development and policy issues during the 1980s and 1990s.
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Shava, Elvin, and Constance Gunhidzirai. "Fish farming as an innovative strategy for promoting food security in drought risk regions of Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 9, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v9i1.491.
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This article examines the implementation of fish farming as an innovative and economic strategy for promoting food security and dietary diversities among vulnerable households in drought risk areas of Zimbabwe. The declining climatic conditions and lack of economic opportunities in Mwenezi district of Zimbabwe attracted the attention of three nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) to implement fish farming as an innovative mechanism to stimulate food security and generate employment in the district. The article used a qualitative research approach that includes semi-structured interviews and secondary data. The purposive sampling technique was adopted to interview participants in Mwenezi district who were involved in fish farming to assess and explore the experiences and benefits they derive from such development projects. Results for the article revealed that fish farming was well embraced by local communities as it led to improvements in food security, household income and employment regeneration. The local government including traditional leadership (Chiefs and Headmen’s) supported the NGO activities as they benefited local communities. The article concludes that although fish farming was instrumental in regenerating employment, some participants still fail to participate because of laziness and desire to maintain dependency syndrome. The article recommends the NGOs to launch awareness campaigns in rural communities and increase networking with the donor community which is fundamental in attracting sustainable funding. The government can also promote fish farming in vulnerable rural communities by providing funding and capacity building programmes.
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Ndlovu, SIBONOKUHLE NIL, and Azwihangwisi E. Muthivhi. "The Developmental Conditions of Classroom Teaching and Learning in a Primary School in Zimbabwe." African Journal of Teacher Education 3, no. 1 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/ajote.v3i1.2034.
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The paper bases upon the research that was carried in 2010 to investigate the prevailing conditions of schooling and classroom teaching and learning in Southern Zimbabwe, using the Vygotskian socio-cultural theory to analyse the consequences that the breakdown of schooling and classroom teaching and learning had on learners'performance and cognitive development. Using a case study of the specific primary school in Gwanda district, the findings were that classroom teaching and learning in rural Zimbabwe was adversely affected by a conglomerate of contextual factors and worsened by the prevailing socio-economic and political problems resulting in contradictory classroom practices of teaching and learning.The analysis revealed the extent to which classroom teaching and learning had deteriorated and how the cultural practices of this specific tradtion of schooling impede on the possibilities for meaningful learning activities in the classroom. The paper contributes towards an understanding of the effects of the specific cultural conditions of schooling on learners' learning and cognitive development within the prevailing context of socio-economic and political instability in Zimbabwe and suggests ways in which teachers could organise pedagogy to assist their learners' learning and cognitive development.
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Dube, Ernest, Oliver Mtapuri, and Jephias Matunhu. "Managing flood disasters on the built environment in the rural communities of Zimbabwe: Lessons learnt." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 10, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v10i1.542.
Full textAbstract:
This article is about managing flood disasters affecting the built environment in the rural communities of Zimbabwe. Using Tsholotsho district in Matabeleland North province as a case study, the authors argue that flooding has adversely impacted the built environment through destroying infrastructure. The principal objectives of this study were to establish the impact of flood disasters on the built environment, to demarcate factors that perpetuate communities’ vulnerabilities to flooding and to delineate challenges that negate the management of flood disasters in the built environment. This qualitative study was based on a purposive sample of 40 participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and observation methods. The findings were that floods can damage human shelter, roads, bridges and dams. Locating homesteads near rivers and dams, using poor-quality construction materials, and lack of flood warning were found to perpetuate vulnerability to flooding. Poverty and costs of rebuilding infrastructure, lack of cooperation between the communities and duty-bearers, and failure to use indigenous knowledge were found to be impeding the management of flood disasters. The study concluded that flood disasters can wipe out community development gains accumulated over many years. Further, community vulnerability to flooding in the built environment is socially constructed. The study posits that addressing the root causes, reducing flood vulnerability and avoiding risk creation are viable options to development in the built environment. Lastly, reconstruction following flood disasters is arduous and gruelling, and not an easy exercise.