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Journal articles on the topic 'Rural Haiti'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Theppote, Amanda, Yvens Laborde, Leise Knoepp, Shontell Thomas, and Obinna N. Nnedu. "Cutaneous Myiasis in Rural Haiti." Ochsner Journal 20, no. 3 (2020): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31486/toj.19.0073.

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2

McLean, Kristen E., Bonnie N. Kaiser, Ashley K. Hagaman, Bradley H. Wagenaar, Tatiana P. Therosme, and Brandon A. Kohrt. "Task sharing in rural Haiti." Intervention 13, no. 2 (2015): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wtf.0000000000000074.

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3

MARTINSON, S. "Pregnancy-related mortality in rural Haiti." Obstetrics & Gynecology 99, no. 4 (2002): S73—S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(02)01831-8.

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4

Martinson, Susan, Maria J. Small, and Henry Perry. "Pregnancy-Related Mortality in Rural Haiti." Obstetrics & Gynecology 99, Supplement (2002): 73S—74S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-200204001-00164.

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5

Richard W. Niska and Elizabeth Sloand. "Ambulatory Medical Care in Rural Haiti." Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 21, no. 1 (2010): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.0.0256.

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6

Gebrian, Bette. "Bottles to Breastfeeding in Rural Haiti." Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 25, no. 4 (2014): 1514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2014.0161.

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7

Kim, Yong Yean, Judy F. Lew, Bahareh Keith, et al. "Acute Respiratory Illness in Rural Haiti." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 81 (April 2019): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2019.02.003.

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8

Bonnlander, H., and A. M. Rossignol. "Complications of BCG vaccinations in rural Haiti." American Journal of Public Health 83, no. 4 (1993): 583–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.83.4.583.

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9

Cayemittes, M., W. Ward, N. Obanor, M. Leandre, M. Clark, and C. Clerisme. "Marketing oral rehydration solution in rural Haiti." Health Education Research 3, no. 4 (1988): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/3.4.421.

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10

Smego, Jr., Raymond A., Bette Gebrian, and Gilbert Desmangels. "Cutaneous Manifestations of Anthrax in Rural Haiti." Clinical Infectious Diseases 26, no. 1 (1998): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/516268.

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11

Gordon, Aaron, Ian Davis, and Jeff Plumblee. "Evaluating a Student Internship in Rural Haiti." Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 145, no. 1 (2019): 02518006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ei.1943-5541.0000395.

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12

VANNIER, CHRISTIAN NEIL. "Indigenous Professional Development Workers in Haiti." Michigan Academician 41, no. 3 (2013): 332–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7245/0026-2005-41.3.332.

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ABSTRACTIndigenous development professionals in southern Haiti occupy an intermediary position between actors and institutions of the international development industry and the rural peasant beneficiaries of development projects and programs. Educated and trained as agronomists or development technicians, these professionals facilitate the transmission of northern development standards and ideologies to southern subjectivities. By first situating Haitian development into greater post-structural understandings of how the global south is produced, these agents of globalization will be oriented as rural intellectuals in the Gramscian sense. In the rural communes surrounding the city of Les Cayes in southern rural Haiti, indigenous professionals have a place in the social field that characterizes localized development practice, which itself is located in larger regimes of power and representation that typify development processes around the world. These frequently urban-based professional agents carry western-based discourses surrounding modernity, secularism, and scientific capitalism to local peasant communities that are ideologically constructed as antitheses to these discourses. However, a case study of these processes demonstrates that the produced “truths” regarding aid and development are mediated and negotiated through social encounters between development intermediaries and aid recipients. This article concludes that localized development intermediaries represent new and important intellectual strata through which the peasantry engages global governance institutions.

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13

Joseph, J. Keith, Junior Bazile, Justin Mutter, et al. "Tungiasis in rural Haiti: a community-based response." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, no. 10 (2006): 970–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.11.006.

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14

Ballweg, John A., and Ryland E. Webb. "Nutritional status and mental development in rural Haiti." Ecology of Food and Nutrition 24, no. 2 (1990): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670244.1990.9991123.

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15

Bristow, Claire C., Tania Desgrottes, Lauren Cutler, et al. "The aetiology of vaginal symptoms in rural Haiti." International Journal of STD & AIDS 25, no. 9 (2013): 669–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462413516300.

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16

Murray, Gerald F. "Technology Without Literacy: Agrarian Innovation in Rural Haiti." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 7, no. 5-6 (1987): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467687007005-609.

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17

Reyes, Jasmin, Erica Tukiainen, Susan Partovi, and Aparna Sridhar. "Factors Influencing Contraception Use in Rural Haiti Women." Obstetrics & Gynecology 129 (May 2017): 10S—11S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000514243.90434.45.

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18

Ollé-Goig, J. E., and J. Alvarez. "Evaluating a tuberculosis control programme in rural Haiti." Tubercle and Lung Disease 75 (June 1994): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0962-8479(94)90686-6.

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19

Williams, K., P. Joizil, E. Dufort, et al. "Assessing access to maternal healthcare in rural Haiti." Annals of Global Health 81, no. 1 (2015): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.905.

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20

Crompton, L., S. Malcolm, J. Cadet, M. Kelly, and V. DeGennaro. "Prevalence of non-communicable diseases in rural Haiti." Annals of Global Health 82, no. 3 (2016): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.455.

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21

Eisenson, D. L., N. Thomas, M. Boyajian, et al. "New Roads and Orthopedic Trauma in Rural Haiti." Annals of Global Health 83, no. 1 (2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.076.

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22

Wang, Wenjuan, and Lindsay Mallick. "Understanding the relationship between family planning method choices and modern contraceptive use: an analysis of geographically linked population and health facilities data in Haiti." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 5 (2019): e000765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000765.

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IntroductionThis study linked data from the 2012 Haiti Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the 2013 Haiti Service Provision Assessment (SPA) to estimate the extent to which women’s contraceptive use is associated with the method choices available in Haiti’s health facilities.MethodsUsing Global Positioning System (GPS) data for DHS clusters and for health facilities, we linked each DHS cluster to all of the family planning facilities located within a specified distance, and then measured the cluster’s level of contraceptive method choice based on the number of facilities within the buffer zone that offered three or more modern contraceptive methods. Random intercept logistic regressions were used to model the variation in individual modern contraceptive use and the availability of multiple method choices at the cluster level.ResultsLimited number of family planning facilities in Haiti offered at least three modern contraceptive methods (51% in urban and 23% in rural). Seventeen percent of both rural and urban women lived in an area with low availability of multiple methods—meaning that no facility in the specified buffer zone offered three or more contraceptive methods. Another 29% of rural women and 41% of urban women had medium availability—that is, only one facility in the buffer zone offered three or more methods. In rural areas, compared with women living in a cluster with low availability of multiple methods, the odds of using a modern method are 73% higher for women living in a cluster with medium availability, and over twice as high for women living in a cluster with high availability. A similar positive relationship was also found in urban areas.ConclusionsWomen in Haiti have only limited proximity to a health facility offering a variety of contraceptive methods. Improving access to a range of methods available at health facilities near where people live is critical for increasing contraceptive use in both urban and rural areas of Haiti.

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23

Calixte, Christelle, Grady Roberts, and J. C. Bunch. "Exploring the Purpose of Agricultural Technical Schools in Haiti." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 26, no. 2 (2019): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2019.26209.

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Haiti is a country which suffers from food insecurity, therefore, agricultural production and productivity are important to ensure availability of food for the Haitian population. Dissemination of best agricultural practices amongst farmers is crucial, and extension agents bring the scientific discoveries into the rural communities. In Haiti, extension activities are primarily conducted by graduates from agricultural TVETs. However, little is known about the current situation of Haitian TVET within the agricultural system. This study is a basic qualitative research which used constructivism, and backwards design as theoretical framework to explore the purpose of TVET within the Haitian agricultural system. Individual interviews to schools’ directors and teachers, and focus groups conducted with students revealed that respondents thought that TVET helped in students’ social mobility by (a) providing training to disadvantaged youth, (b) helping them get financial independence sooner, (c) provide a path towards higher education, or (d) entrepreneurship; it also allows them to build necessary (e) networking and (f) a reputation for their future. On the other hand, agricultural TVET in Haiti had an important role in improving local communities by (a) ensuring rural development and (b) reducing rural outmigration and poverty. Finally, TVET was also crucial within the agricultural extension system because graduates were responsible for (a) providing technical assistance to farmers, (b) improving production practices, (c) helping protect the environment, and (d) training farmers. Keywords: Haiti; technical school; training

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24

Meegoda, Jay, Hsin-Neng Hsieh, Paul Rodriguez, and Jason Jawidzik. "Sustainable Community Sanitation for a Rural Hospital in Haiti." Sustainability 4, no. 12 (2012): 3362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su4123362.

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25

Gordon, Aaron S., Jeff Plumblee, Guy Higdon, and David Vaughn. "Engineering Sustainable Aquaculture in Rural Haiti: A Case Study." International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering, Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship 12, no. 2 (2017): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijsle.v12i2.6631.

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Large commercial and small scale aquaculture programs have been attempted in Haiti with mixed results. This paper examines a case study where a grassroots Haitian organization worked with American engineers and university students to design and construct simple infrastructure to augment their hatchery. This small investment has also encouraged other Haitians to open up aquaculture programs, independent of international intervention, that utilize this new infrastructure. The practices and partnership exhibited in this case study can be replicated with similar outcomes for local enterprises and businesses. Aquaculture still has many obstacles but many infrastructure challenges can be overcome through such synergies.

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26

Jiao, Jie, Audrey A. Jacobsen, Shelly A. Birch, Eric M. Hecht, and Vincent DeGennaro. "Hypertension prevalence: an examination of urban and rural Haiti." Lancet Global Health 2 (May 2014): S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(15)70047-1.

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27

Sloand, Elizabeth, and Bette Gebrian. "Fathers Clubs to Improve Child Health in Rural Haiti." Public Health Nursing 23, no. 1 (2006): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2006.230107.x.

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28

White, Kari, Maria Small, Rikerdy Frederic, Gabriel Joseph, Reginald Bateau, and Trace Kershaw. "Health Seeking Behavior Among Pregnant Women in Rural Haiti." Health Care for Women International 27, no. 9 (2006): 822–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07399330600880384.

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29

Brisson, Irene. "Damage and Repair: Imagining Collective Dwelling in Rural Haiti." Thresholds 48 (April 2020): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/thld_a_00714.

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30

Raghuraman, Nandini, Melissa March, Michele Hacker, Anna Modest, Jennifer Scott, and Sarosh Rana. "312: Hypertension-related intrauterine fetal demise in rural Haiti." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 210, no. 1 (2014): S163—S164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.345.

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31

Kwan, G. F., W. Jean Baptiste, E. J. Benjamin, and L. R. Hirschhorn. "Heart failure in rural Haiti: Descriptive epidemiology and outcomes." Annals of Global Health 81, no. 1 (2015): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.718.

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32

Calixte, Christelle, Grady Roberts, and J. C. Bunch. "The Balance of Theoretical and Practical Skills in Agricultural Technical Schools in Haiti: An Exploration of the Curriculum." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 26, no. 2 (2019): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2019.26202.

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Haiti, with its alarming hunger index, and serious concerns for the population’s food security status, suggests that its agricultural production and productivity are insufficient to guarantee availability of food for the people. Increased productivity supposes the dissemination of best agricultural practices among farmers, and enough qualified extension agents carrying the scientific findings into the rural communities. However, studies in Haiti, have found that the extension activities are mostly conducted by graduates from TVET schools. Meanwhile, little is known about the quality of the training provided in these institutions. This study explored the balance of practice and theory in Haitian TVET curricula. Individual interviews to directors and teachers and focus groups with students explained the role of practical experiences in TVET curriculum by emphasizing on the importance, the purposes and the amount of such practical experiences in the program of study. The various instructional methods used to ensure sufficient practices were also revealed, specifically, participative methods, research and various field activities. Nevertheless, many barriers impede more practices, which were (a) scheduling, (b) lack of resources, (c) students’ attitudes, (d) absence of laboratories in Haiti, and (e) the rural reality and environmental issues. Keywords: Haiti; experiential learning; technical schools; agriculture

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33

Gibson, Martha, Betty Carlson Bowles, Lauren Jansen, and Jane Leach. "Childbirth Education in Rural Haiti: Reviving Low-Tech Teaching Strategies." Journal of Perinatal Education 22, no. 2 (2013): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.22.2.93.

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On a medical mission into rural mountainous regions of Haiti, the authors were charged with teaching safer childbirth practices to untrained, mostly illiterate traditional birth attendants (TBA) who spoke Haitian Creole. In this isolated region with no physician or accessible hospital, almost all births occur at home. With no electricity, safe water supply, or sanitation facilities, childbirth education was a challenge. Accustomed to electronic, high-tech teaching aids, these childbirth educators had to modify educational strategies for these extraordinary circumstances. A successful solution was to revive decades-old teaching techniques and visual aids once used in Lamaze classes. The purpose of this article is to describe the teaching environment, the target audience, and the low-tech approach to childbirth education in Haiti.

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34

LaMonaca, Katherine, Mayur Desai, John P. May, Evan Lyon, and Frederick L. Altice. "Prisoner health status at three rural Haitian prisons." International Journal of Prisoner Health 14, no. 3 (2018): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-02-2017-0010.

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Purpose Little is known about the health status of prisoners in low-income countries. In Haiti, prisons typically lack adequate medical care, clean water and food, though some prisoners receive additional food from visitors. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the physical and mental health of Haitian prisoners in three select prisons and examine the effects of having visitors and length of detention on health status. The authors hypothesized that prisoners with more visitors and shorter detention times would have better overall health status. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of 290 male inmates in three regional prisons in Haiti. Data were collected on prisoners’ sociodemographic characteristics, number of visitors, length of detention, body mass index (BMI), self-reported physical and mental health status, and food insecurity. Findings Overall, prisoners at all three prisons had poor health outcomes. Prisoners with more visitors were significantly less likely to be underweight and more likely to have a higher BMI, better self-reported physical function and lower levels of food insecurity. The length of incarceration was negatively associated with physical function and self-rated health, but positively associated with BMI. These results suggest that prisoners who do not receive supplemental food from visitors are at increased risk for food insecurity and poor nutritional and physical health status. Originality/value These findings demonstrate the importance of supplemental food from visitors in stabilizing prisoner health in Haiti and emphasize the need for the provision of adequate nutrition to all prisoners. This study also suggests that policies that reduce incarceration times could improve health status among prisoners.

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35

Baro, Mamadou. "Food Insecurity and Livelihood Systems in Northwest Haiti." Journal of Political Ecology 9, no. 1 (2002): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v9i1.21633.

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This paper examines rural livelihood systems in Haiti from both a political andecological perspective. While political developments in Haiti have taken center stage inmost analyses, the environmental impacts of population growth, highly varied livelihoodstrategies, and migration opportunities appear to have played a major role in the current tragic situation. Illegal migration not only seems to alleviate short term poverty but also appears to benefit households long term as revenues from migration improve households' land holding situation. Nevertheless, the steadily declining ecological situation may already be exceeding the creative livelihood strategies of Haitian producers.Key words: Haiti, political economy, political ecology, livelihood strategies,households, livestock, agriculture, migration.

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36

Hodgson, Kate. "‘Internal Harmony, Peace to the Outside World’: Imagining Community in Nineteenth-Century Haiti." Paragraph 37, no. 2 (2014): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2014.0120.

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This article explores the idea of community and ‘internal concord’ in a radically divided, post-independence Haiti. As the country negotiated the process of decolonization from France, Haitian political writings and speeches repeatedly returned to the problem of how a truly united Haiti might be envisaged. These reworkings of the idea of community were instrumental in the work of postcolonial nation-building in Haiti in the first half of the nineteenth century. Yet the publication of Haiti's Rural Code in 1826 gives a different perspective on the process of national construction of community through work, particularly agricultural labour. The article seeks to look beyond the ideals of unity and Concordia which were being vigorously proclaimed at the time, in order to understand the impact of questions of work and worklessness on political discourse surrounding the idea of postcolonial community in nineteenth-century Haiti.

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37

Gazin, P., R. Barrais, and F. Uwineza. "Risk factors of cholera transmission in rural areas in Haiti." Médecine et Santé Tropicales 27, no. 1 (2017): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/mst.2017.0647.

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38

Valtis, Yannis K., Maggie F. Cochran, Louine Martineau, Bregenet Lamour, Jeffrey B. Mendel, and Aaron L. Berkowitz. "Head CT findings at a public hospital in rural Haiti." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 379 (August 2017): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.06.029.

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39

Fitzgerald, Daniel W., and Toby B. Simon. "Telling the Stories of People with AIDS in Rural Haiti." AIDS Patient Care and STDs 15, no. 6 (2001): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/108729101750279678.

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40

Cutler, Lauren, Katherine Ross, Mellissa Withers, Melvin Chiu, and David Cutler. "Teledermatology: Meeting the Need for Specialized Care in Rural Haiti." Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 30, no. 4 (2019): 1394–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2019.0097.

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41

Brodwin, Paul E. "Politics, Practical Logic, and Primary Health Care in Rural Haiti." Medical Anthropology Quarterly 11, no. 1 (1997): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/maq.1997.11.1.69.

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42

Ward, Luther E., Alexis N. Bowder, Daniel Eisenson, et al. "Creating a Broad Based Surgical Residency Program in Rural Haiti." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 223, no. 4 (2016): e120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.08.301.

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43

Wampler, Peter J., and Andrew J. Sisson. "Spring flow, bacterial contamination, and water resources in rural Haiti." Environmental Earth Sciences 62, no. 8 (2010): 1619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-010-0645-9.

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44

Nicholas Cuneo, C., Emily Dansereau, Anand R. Habib, Mary Davies, Samuel Ware, and Kenneth Kornetsky. "Treating Childhood Malnutrition in Rural Haiti: Program Outcomes and Obstacles." Annals of Global Health 83, no. 2 (2017): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2017.05.003.

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45

Palacios, Ana M., Jeanne H. Freeland-Graves, Sherlie Jean-Louis Dulience, Jacques Raymond Delnatus, and Lora L. Iannotti. "Differences in factors associated with anemia in Haitian children from urban and rural areas." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0247975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247975.

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Background In Haiti, differences in the prevalence of anemia between urban and rural areas have been observed. Objective To identify moderating factors that may help explain the difference in the prevalence of anemia in children from poor urban vs. rural areas of Haiti. Methods This cross-sectional study used secondary data from urban and rural school-based trials that assessed the effectiveness of a nutrition intervention. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02747524. A total of 300 rural- and 981 urban- children between 2.5–13 years of age were included in this analysis. Effect modification in a binary logistic generalized linear mixed model was conducted using sample weights in SPSS® version 26. Models were adjusted for age and income. School cluster was included as random effect. Results In rural areas, stunting was more prevalent in children with anemia vs. no anemia, (16.6%, and 6.3%, P = 0.008), respectively. Also, rural children with anemia lived with fewer adults vs. rural children with no anemia, (x¯ = 2.83±1.29, and 3.30±1.54, P = 0.005), respectively. In poor urban areas, helminth morbidities were more frequent in children with anemia vs. no anemia, (21.9% vs. 13.9, P = 0.011), respectively. In the combined sample, stunting, [AOR = 2.05; 95%CI (1.32–3.18)], age [AOR = 0.89; 95%CI (0.85–0.93)], and households with more adults [AOR = 0.77; 95%CI (0.67–0.87)] were associated with anemia. Effect modification by place of residence was observed in households with more adults (t = 3.83, P<0.001). No other nutritional, dietary, sanitation or morbidity factors or effect modifiers were observed. Conclusions In this sample, factors associated with anemia differed in poor urban and rural children from Haiti including family structure and helminth morbidities. Stunting and lower age increased the odds of anemia in the combined sample. Family structure appears to have an important role in anemia, and further research understanding the influence of family structures in anemia is needed.

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46

Heckert, Jessica, Sandra Boatemaa, and Claire E. Altman. "Migrant youth’s emerging dietary patterns in Haiti: the role of peer social engagement." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 7 (2014): 1262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014001372.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present study examines whether rural-to-urban migrant youth consume a greater diversity of high-sugar beverages and fried snacks (HSBFS) compared with their peers who remain in rural areas. It also tests whether the association between migration and HSBFS diversity is moderated by migrant youth’s social engagement with their peers.DesignParticipants were recruited in August and September 2011 following the completion of primary school (6th grade) and shortly before many rural youth migrate to urban areas. Participants were re-interviewed six months later. HSBFS diversity was assessed at follow-up; analyses control for baseline and follow-up characteristics.SettingBaseline interviews occurred in rural Southeast Haiti. Follow-up interviews of migrants occurred at urban destinations in Haiti.SubjectsThe sample includes 215 youth (mean age 15·9 years; 43·3 % female; 21·9 % rural-to-urban migrants) who were interviewed at baseline and follow-up.ResultsRural-to-urban migrant youth consumed a greater diversity of HSBFS products at follow-up than their rural counterparts (b=0·70,P≤0·05). Moreover, we found that this relationship varied by level of peer social engagement. Youth who migrated and had a high degree of peer social engagement consumed 2·2 additional types of HSBFS products daily than their counterparts who remained in rural areas and had low peer social engagement.ConclusionsHigher HSBFS diversity among migrant youth is consistent with the patterns proposed by the nutrition transition. Interactions with peers may have an important influence as migrant youth adopt new dietary preferences. Emerging dietary patterns among youth migrants have important implications for health trajectories and the development of degenerative diseases.

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47

Sloand, Elizabeth, Nan Marie Astone, and Bette Gebrian. "The Impact of Fathers’ Clubs on Child Health in Rural Haiti." American Journal of Public Health 100, no. 2 (2010): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2008.152439.

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48

SMALL, M. "Acute renal failure secondary to preeclampsia or eclampsia in Rural Haiti." Obstetrics & Gynecology 101, no. 4 (2003): S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02877-6.

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49

Yan, Lily, Benito Isaac, Kayleigh Bhangdia, et al. "LOW VISIT ADHERENCE IN A NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE CLINIC IN RURAL HAITI." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 75, no. 11 (2020): 3511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(20)34138-3.

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50

Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael, Michael Dessalines, Mousson Finnigan, Helena Pachón, Amber Hromi-Fiedler, and Nishang Gupta. "Household Food Insecurity Is Associated with Childhood Malaria in Rural Haiti." Journal of Nutrition 139, no. 11 (2009): 2132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.108852.

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