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Journal articles on the topic 'Rural participation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Čmejrek, J. "Political mediation and participation in the Czech rural areas." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 54, No. 12 (December 18, 2008): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/286-agricecon.

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The objective of this paper is to show the mediation between citizens and political power by political parties in Czech rural areas. The position of political parties in rural municipalities is demonstrated in two perspectives. The top-down perspective is based on the distribution of several tens of thousands mandates in local municipal councils between political parties. The opposite perspective provides the bottom-up point of view – from the level of the individual municipalities, their party systems and party organisational structures. The analysis of the municipal election results reveals clearly that the role of political parties in local politics depends namely on the size of the given municipality. In this sense, the Czech Republic represents a very interesting example as it is characterised by a dense and heavily fragmented population settlement with a large number of small rural municipalities. In rural municipalities, we encounter incomplete party spectra and the absence of political parties in the smallest municipalities. Besides, the lists of candidates in rural municipalities reveal the weakness of the local party organisations that cannot avoid cooperating with the independent candidates. The small distance between the citizen and the elected body in a rural community significantly determines the forms of the local politics; the ideological and party mediation is superfluous, in fact, it is often seen as something harmful which divides the rural community.

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2

Drèze, Jean, and Geeta Gandhi Kingdon. "School Participation in Rural India." Review of Development Economics 5, no. 1 (February 2001): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9361.00103.

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3

Amardev Singh, Amardev Singh. "Knowledge Level of Rural Women Participation in Mulberry Sericulture Practices." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/feb2014/1.

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4

MIZUNO, Masami. "Rural Development Based on Grassroots Participation." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 5, no. 4 (1987): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.5.4_35.

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5

Kak, Shakti. "Rural Women and Labour Force Participation." Social Scientist 22, no. 3/4 (March 1994): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3517622.

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6

Jakus, Paul M., Kelly H. Tiller, and William M. Park. "Explaining Rural Household Participation in Recycling." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 29, no. 1 (July 1997): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800007628.

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AbstractRising landfill costs have forced solid waste managers to consider waste stream reduction alternatives such as household recycling. Explaining the factors which motivate households to recycle is important to regions where households must bear a large portion of the recycling cost because unit-based garbage disposal fees and curbside recycling are not feasible options. Empirical results indicate that residents are responsive to constraints introduced by the household production technology, such as time costs and storage space, but are not responsive to variables measuring a recycling promotional program. Promotion efforts should switch focus from broader “public good” benefits of recycling to reducing household-level household production constraints.

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7

Reid, Donald G., Heather Mair, and James Taylor. "Community Participation in Rural Tourism Development." World Leisure Journal 42, no. 2 (January 2000): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2000.9674183.

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8

Vissandjée, Bilkis, Shelly Abdool, Alisha Apale, and Sophie Dupéré. "Women's Political Participation in Rural India." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 13, no. 3 (October 2006): 425–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097152150601300305.

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9

Anderson, David G. "Approaches to participation in rural development." Journal of Rural Studies 2, no. 3 (January 1986): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(86)90009-4.

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10

Amanat, Tanzeela, Naima Nawaz, Ashfaq Ahamd Maann, Khalid Mahmood Ch, Ijaz Ashraf, Saira Akhtar, and Gulfam Hasan. "WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 08 (August 10, 2015): 1091–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.08.1163.

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Livestock production is of paramount importance in minimizing the vulnerabilityof poor and marginalized people in remote rural areas. Women play an active role in managingand care taking of the herd by participating in different activities of livestock management. Thegrowing population is exerting pressure on all the resources and in future, it is expected that thelivestock demand will also increase for fulfilling the demands of masses. Due to women’s crucialrole in livestock management activities, they are more susceptible to zoonotic diseases. Thezoonotic diseases are becoming a threat by becoming responsible for the death of 2.2 millionpeople every year and majority of the victims belong to developing countries. Objectives: Tofind out health related issues while participating in livestock management activities. StudyDesign: Survey. Period: 2011-2012. Methods: The present study was conducted in rural areasof district Toba Tek Singh. One Union Council (UC) and three villages from the selected UC wereselected by using simple random sampling technique. The sample size of the study was 120respondents of rural females having forty respondents from each village. Results: The studyrevealed that majority of the respondents was involved in grazing and fodder cutting activitiesand they are satisfied with their role. It was also noted that the highly educated respondents weremore secure from diseases than that of less educated and illiterate respondents. Conclusion:It is the sole responsibility of the government and public sector department to run campaignregarding livestock diseases to whom human are susceptible so that the risks regarding thissituation may be minimized.

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11

Sarker, Md Masud, and Md Shahidul Islam. "Social Capital and Political Participation: A Case Study from Rural Bangladesh." European Review Of Applied Sociology 10, no. 15 (December 1, 2017): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eras-2017-0009.

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AbstractSocial capital supports toward participating in political activities in democratic countries. This study tries to examine the relation between social capital and political participation in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sylhet Sadar Upazila (sub-district) of north-eastern Bangladesh. A total of 100 respondents - who are above 23 years of age - were selected by using systematic random sampling technique for a face-to-face interview. Chi-square test and Fisher Exact test were applied to measure the association between social capital dimensions and political participation. The results show that social networks, civic participation, norms of reciprocity and social trusts are significantly associated with political participation in Bangladesh. This result suggests that social capital may have an effect towards an increment of a political participation in Bangladesh.

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12

Islam, Md Ariful, Mohammad Bashir Ahmed, and Md Matiul Islam. "Participation of rural women in activities related to homestead vegetable cultivation at Monirampur upazila under Jessore district." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i1.36475.

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The main purposes of the study were to assess the extent of participation of rural women in homestead vegetable cultivation at Monirampur upazila under Jessore district and to explore the relationship between each of the selected characteristics of the rural women and their extent of participation in homestead vegetable cultivation. The study was limited within three selected villages namely, Nehalpur and Panchakori of Nehalpur union and Jhanpa of Jhanpa union. Data were collected from randomly selected 60 respondents during the period of 04 September to 17 October, 2016. Appropriate scales were used to measure the variables of the study. Correlation(s) test was used to ascertain the relationships between the concerned independent variables and dependent variable. About half (48.3 percent) of the rural women had low to medium participation in vegetable cultivation compared to 3.34 percent having high participation. Considering broadly selected 6-aspects of homestead vegetable cultivation, the rural women’s participation was highest in seedbed preparation and raising of seedlings, while it was lowest in case of intercultural operation. In case of 26-issues, the most dominant area of rural women’s participation was seed collection while it was least in case of training. Only age out of eleven selected characteristics had the significant positive relationship with their participation in homestead vegetable cultivation. It might be concluded from the gist findings that, the participation of women in homestead vegetable production is still not satisfactory and necessary steps concerning extension approach should be taken to increase the vegetable production by ensuring barrier-free participationJ. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 17-22, April 2018

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13

Muslimin, Muhammad Arsyad, and Sarmadan. "Participation of Community in Rural Development in Oengkolaki Village Mawasangka District Central Buton Regency." Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI) 1, no. 1 (April 17, 2020): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v1i1.3.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the kinds of community participation and the factors driving community participation in rural development in Oengkolaki Village, Mawasangka District, Buton Tengah Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through literature review and field research conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. After the data has been redundant, then completed the analysis by using qualitative techniques. The results of the study aimed that the form of community participation in rural development in Oengkolaki Village, Mawasangka District, Buton Tengah Regency included participation in development planning, development implementation, and participating in utilizing the results of development. The factors driving community participation in development are awareness, community capacity, and rising community income.

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14

Cmejrek, J. "Citizens local political participation in the Czech Republic: rural-urban comparison." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 1 (January 7, 2008): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/856-agricecon.

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The Velvet Revolution in November 1989 in the former Czechoslovakia opened the way to the renewal of the democratic political system. One of the most visible aspects of the Czech political development consisted in the renewal of the essential functions of elections and political parties. On the local level, however, the political process - as well as in other post-communist countries - continued to be for a long time influenced by the remains of the former centralized system wherein the local administration used to be subjected to the central state power. Municipal elections took hold in these countries, however, the local government remained in the embryonic state and a certain absence of real political and economic decision-making mechanism on the local level continued to show. The public administration in the Czech Republic had to deal with the changes in the administrative division of the state, the split of the Czechoslovak federation as well as the fragmentation of municipalities whose number increased by 50 percent. Decision making mechanisms on the local and regional level were suffering from the incomplete territorial hierarchy of public administration and from the unclear division of power between the state administration and local administration bodies. Only at the end of the 1990s, the public administration in the Czech Republic started to get a more integrated and specific shape. Citizens participation in the political process represents one of the key issues of representative democracy. The contemporary democracy has to face the decrease in voter turnout and the low interest of citizens to assume responsibility within the political process. The spread of democratising process following the fall of the iron curtain should not overshadow the risk of internal weakness of democracy. The solution should be looked for in more responsible citizenship and citizensÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ political participation. The degree of political participation is considered (together with political pluralism) to be the key element of representative democracy in general terms, as well as of democratic process on the local and regional level. The objective of this paper is to describe the specifics of citizens local political participation in the Czech Republic and to show the differences between rural and urban areas. The paper concentrates on voting and voter turnout but deals also with other forms of citizens political participation.

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15

Adin, Ramesh Maruti, and Mohan S. Singhe. "Participation of Women in Rural Politics-With Reference to Dalit Community." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 429–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/june2014/145.

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16

Adesiji, Gbolagade, Kemi Omotesho, Sola Komolafe, Kehinde Oni, and Francis Adereti. "Rural youth participation in infrastructural development in Isin local government area of Kwara state, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 59, no. 1 (2014): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1401091a.

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The study investigated the level of youth participation in infrastructural development in Isin local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and five youths were randomly selected from seven rural communities, fifteen youths from each village. Data were collected with the aid of a questionnaire, which was analysed using frequency count and percentages. Chi-square analysis was used to test the hypothesis of significance between the socio-economic characteristics and the level of participation in infrastructural development. Findings revealed that 56.2% of respondents were within the age category of 21-30 years, 62.9% were male, and 60% were single, while 56.2% of the respondents had secondary school level education. The study revealed the various roles played by youths in participating in infrastructural development as well as the associated constraints which include finance, availability of materials, technical knowledge and time. Age, marital status, educational level and years of residence were found to be significantly related to the level of participation of youths in infrastructural development. The study recommended the adequate budget allocation to rural areas as well as intensive training and educative programmes for effective participative development.

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17

Tharani, Gopalakrishnan, Mohamed Sameem Roshan Akther, and Nanthakumaran Ananthini. "Assessment of Women participation in Agriculture in Vavuniya district, Sri Lanka." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 3, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v3i3.15137.

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An attempt was made to assess the women contribution towards agriculture in Vavuniya district, Sri Lanka. 60 farm family households' women were randomly selected from rural and urban area of Kovilkulam AI region of Vavuniya district in Sri Lanka and the data were collected by constructed questionnaire. The objectives of this study are to identify the factors contributing women participation in agriculture, to identify the constraints faced by the women in participating agriculture and to evaluate the women participation in decision making activity in agriculture. Minitab 15 and MS excel were used for data analysis. The level of women participation in agricultural activities was found out using chi-square test and the factors contributing for women participation in agricultural activities were identified using multiple regression analysis in urban and rural areas separately (α=0.05). The results revealed that 90% of the rural women respondents and 50% of the urban respondents participated in the agricultural activities which is a significant difference. The mean values of women participation in agricultural activities in urban and rural areas were 77 hours and 836 hours per annum respectively. The multiple regression model for women participation in urban area found that the participation of women negatively correlated with status of employment, age and education level (p=0.000). In rural area, age and educational level were negatively influencing on women participation in agricultural activities (p=0.000). R-square values of fitted regression models were 72 % and 91% in urban and rural area respectively 72% and 91% variation in respective women participation were explained by these models. The obstacles for the women in participation in agricultural activities were reported as lack of knowledge and training in agriculture field, family burden, cultural and social barriers and physical constraints. 60% of women from rural areas and 90% of women from urban areas were involved in decision making especially in the selection of crops and varieties for planting and livestock rearing. Enhancing the awareness and the technical knowledge to the women in the field of agriculture would contribute to increase income from agriculture at household level, district level and finally at national level. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 159-162

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18

Vaznonienė, Gintarė, and Ilona Kiaušienė. "Opportunities of Different Generations Participation in Rural Community Activities." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 6 (2018): 1637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866061637.

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The success of rural community vitality and development is based on communication, participation and collaboration among different generations. Theoretical and empirical findings disclose that there is a lack of systematic approach characterising different generations (in this article young and elderly social groups) participation in local activities, not much attention is given to activities which join young and elderly groups whether to maintain young people in rural area or actively include elderly to common activities. Accordingly this article aims to explore participation forms and methods of different generations (youth and elderly) participation in rural community activities. The methodological background of this research is based on theoretical research methods, statistical data analysis and analysis of case of different generations’ participation in Šiauliai district municipality rural community activities. The research results disclose that different generations participation in rural community activities are various, but depends on rural areas and rural community‘s specific features. The suggested scheme based on evaluation of different generations’ participation in rural community activities can be adopted to any rural area and rural community, but being aware about the current situation of youth and elderly, also activities which are possible to be implemented in particular rural community.

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19

Hemtanon, Wittawat, and Christopher Gan. "Microfinance Participation in Thailand." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 13, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13060122.

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Income inequality is a major problem in Thailand. A key determinant of income inequality in Thailand is the lack of financial access to financial institutions for low-income families. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) play an important role in enabling poor households to access financial resources at a reasonable cost. The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors that affect Thai households participating in microfinance programs in Thailand. A multinomial logit model is used to investigate the factors that impact the Thai households’ access to microfinance. The study employs secondary data from the Thai Socioeconomic Survey (cross-sectional data in 2017) to identify factors affecting Thai household participation in microfinance programs. The results show that the Village Fund (VF) targets low-income rural households and encourages those with older household heads who have lower levels of education, and female household heads, to participate in their program. Larger households are more likely to access the VF. Households with higher dependency ratios are less likely to borrow from the VF. Households with well-educated, young household heads in regional areas are more likely to borrow money from Saving Groups for Production (SGPs). SGP borrower households have higher household incomes than VF borrower households. Our findings indicate that VFs and SGPs are credit sources in the rural credit market; these sources enable rural households to access credit to meet their needs. In addition, rural Thai households borrow from many sources so that they can rotate their loan repayments. Low-income households refinance their loans by borrowing from different sources.

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20

sana, Af, and Dhriti Solanki. "Rural Women's Participation in Cattle Management Activities." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 1351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.909.171.

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21

Jones, Arwel. "Sustainability and community participation in rural tourism." Leisure Studies 12, no. 2 (April 1993): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02614369300390131.

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22

Pausewang, Siegfried. "Participation in Social Research in Rural Ethiopia." Journal of Modern African Studies 26, no. 2 (June 1988): 253–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00010466.

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A world conference on agrarian reform and rural development came to the conclusion a decade ago that since real progress could only be achieved in these fields if the peasants participated in both the necessary planning and practical work, the prerequisites were democratic organisations for local self-administration and self-reliance.

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23

Shrestha, Gajendra Man, Sri Ram Lamichhane, Bijaya Kumar Thapa, Roshan Chitrakar, Michael Useem, and John P. Comings. "Determinants of Educational Participation in Rural Nepal." Comparative Education Review 30, no. 4 (November 1986): 508–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/446633.

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24

Aazami, Mousa, Nasim Izadi, and Pouria Ataei. "Women’s participation in rural cooperatives in Iran." Rural Society 28, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10371656.2019.1687872.

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25

Suharso, Putut, Bani Sudardi, Sahid Teguh Widodo, and Sri Kusumo Habsari. "Library Management in Rural Based Community Participation." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 12 (December 1, 2018): 9758–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.13132.

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26

Greenhalgh], [Susan, M. Stiefel, and W. F. Wertheim. "Production, Equality and Participation in Rural China." Population and Development Review 11, no. 3 (September 1985): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1973267.

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27

Kaur, Kulvir. "Participation of Rural Women in Dairy Activities." Journal of Krishi Vigyan 4, no. 1 (2015): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2349-4433.2015.00064.1.

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28

Jones, Jennifer, and Michael Curtin. "Traumatic Brain Injury, Participation, and Rural Identity." Qualitative Health Research 20, no. 7 (April 2010): 942–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732310365501.

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29

Song, Yu. "Institutionalizing Rural Women’s Political Participation in China." Asian Women 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14431/aw.2016.09.32.3.77.

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30

Kumari, Anuradha Ranjan, and Laxmikant Laxmikant. "Participation of rural women in vegetable production." ADVANCE RESEARCH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 6, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/arjss/6.2/258-260.

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31

Daga, S. R., A. S. Daga, R. V. Dighole, and R. P. Patil. "Anganwadi worker's participation in rural newborn care." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 60, no. 5 (September 1993): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02821721.

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32

Awa, Njoku E. "Participation and Indigenous Knowledge in Rural Development." Knowledge 10, no. 4 (June 1989): 304–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107554708901000404.

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33

Park, So-Hee, and Youn Yeo-Chang. "Impact of Collaborative Forest Management on Rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Maple Sap Collecting Households in South Korea." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 3, 2021): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041594.

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Some forest-dependent rural communities participate in the Collaborative Forest Management (CFM) program in South Korea, which provides the local people with access to national forests for the collection of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in return for their contribution to the management of national forests. This study investigated what factors influenced rural communities’ participation in CFM and how their participation in CFM affected livelihood strategies and income level. Households in 17 villages near the Seoul National University (SNU) forests owned by the Government were interviewed. The study found that CFM participating households tend to choose diversified livelihood strategies. CFM participating households with diversified livelihood strategies are likely to have a higher income than non-CFM participating households choosing sectoral focus strategies. Expansion of the CFM program is suggested as a policy option to improve forest-dependent rural livelihood. However, ageing and female-headed households are faced with difficulties in participating in CFM due to their physical ability of forestry work while new settlers restricted access to forest resources. There is a need for innovation in forest governance for equitable distribution of forest services for both original and new residents to achieve sustainable rural livelihoods.

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34

He, Zixuan, Xiangming Fang, Nathan Rose, Xiaodong Zheng, and Scott Rozelle. "Rural minimum living standard guarantee (rural Dibao) program boosts children's education outcomes in rural China." China Agricultural Economic Review 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 54–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-05-2020-0085.

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PurposeTo combat poverty in China's rural areas, Chinese government has established an unconditional cash transfer program known as the Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (Rural Dibao) Program. Interestingly, despite the importance of education in breaking cycles of poverty, little is known about Rural Dibao's impact on rural children's education. This study investigates Rural Dibao's impact on rural children's learning outcomes by first examining targeting issues within the program, exploring a causal relationship between Rural Dibao and learning outcomes, and then exploring potential mechanisms and heterogeneous effects.Design/methodology/approachFixed effects model and propensity score weighting method and data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from the years 2010 and 2014 were used.FindingsThe results suggest that the Rural Dibao program suffers from high levels of targeting error, yet is still effective (i.e., program transfers generally still go to people in need). The fixed effects and propensity score weighting models find that program participation raises rural children's standardized test scores in CFPS Chinese-language and math tests. In investigating mechanisms, increased education expenditure seems to connect Rural Dibao participation to increased learning results. The heterogeneity analysis shows that poorer, non-eastern, not left behind, younger or male children benefit from the program (while others have no effect).Originality/valueThese findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation boosts rural children's learning, which could indicate a long-term anti-poverty effect, and that if the program can resolve targeting problems, this effect could be even greater.

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35

Temple, Judy A. "Rural Gaps in Participation in Early Childhood Education." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 41, no. 2 (August 2009): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s107407080000287x.

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While state government spending on early education has grown in recent years, accessibility of preschool programs for rural children remains a problem. Using census-tract data from a nationally-representative data set on U.S. children, multinomial logit estimation reveals significant differences in early education experiences between rural and nonrural children. Both rural children and children of less-educated mothers are less likely to participate in preschool. This paper concludes by discussing the appropriate role of local, state, or federal governments in funding rural preschool programs. While early educational investments are being touted as effective economic development tools, the nature of the positive externalities associated with preschool makes it unlikely that any single rural community would invest in high-quality programs without state or federal assistance.

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36

Zhao, Qiran, Stephan Brosig, Renfu Luo, Linxiu Zhang, Ai Yue, and Scott Rozelle. "The new rural social pension program in rural China: participation and its correlates." China Agricultural Economic Review 8, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 647–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-07-2016-0116.

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Purpose The need for a universal rural pension system has been heightened by demographic changes in rural China, including the rapid aging of the nation’s rural population and a dramatic decline in fertility. In response to these changes, China’s Government introduced the New Rural Social Pension Program (NRSPP) in 2009, a voluntary and highly subsidized pension scheme. The purpose of this paper is to assess the participation of rural farmers in the NRSPP. Furthermore, the authors examine whether the NRSPP affects the labor supply of the elderly population in China. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses household-level data from a sample of 2,020 households originating from a survey conducted by the authors in five provinces, 25 counties, and 101 villages in rural China. Using a probit model and conducting correlation analysis, the authors demonstrate the factors affecting the participation and the impact of NRSPP on labor supply of the rural elderly. Findings The results show there are several factors that are correlated with participation, such as specific policy variant in force in the respective household's province, the size of the pension payout from government, the age of sample individuals, and the value of household durable assets. Specifically, different characteristics of NRSPP policy implementation increase participation in China’s social pension program. The results suggest that the introduction of the NRSPP has not affected the labor supply of the rural elderly, in general, although it has reduced participation for the elderly who were in poor health. Originality/value Several previous studies have covered the NRSPP. However, all previous studies were based on case studies or just focused on a small region, and for this reason the results cannot reflect the populations and heterogeneity of rural areas. Therefore, a data set with a large sample size is used in this paper to provide a new perspective to fully understand the participation of NRSPP and its impacts on rural households. This paper will make an update contribution to the literature in the area of pension programs in China.

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37

Patrício, Patrícia Cartes, and João Carlos Costa Gomes. "DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL SUSTENTÁVEL, PLANEJAMENTO E PARTICIPAÇÃO (Sustainable rural development, planning and participation)." REVISTA NERA, no. 21 (April 3, 2013): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.47946/rnera.v0i21.2113.

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O presente artigo discorre sobre o desenvolvimento rural sustentável, na perspectiva de construção de um processo de planejamento participativo. Parte-se da constatação de que os Planos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Assentamentos, em sua maioria, se afastam das suas propostas iniciais tendo como justificativa a necessidade de ação em uma realidade específica. Isso ocorre em função de os planos serem elaborados sem a devida participação dos principais interessados, os agricultores assentados, o que, como produto, resulta um plano carente de apropriação pelos atores protagonistas distanciando-os de um efetivo processo de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável.

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Lin, Junying, Zhonggen Zhang, and Lingli Lv. "The Impact of Program Participation on Rural Household Income: Evidence from China’s Whole Village Poverty Alleviation Program." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061545.

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Villagers’ participation in poverty alleviation programs has received considerable attention, especially with regard to the poor. However, not much is known about the welfare effect of villagers’ program participation. This paper analyzes the impact of villagers’ program participation on their incomes. We used household data from 529 villagers in China’s Whole Village Poverty Alleviation Program. We focused on two types of program participation—discussion and voting. Using the propensity score matching approach, we estimate the impact of rural households’ program participation on their income. The results show that the education and the political career of the household head determine program participation. Households participating in discussion and voting have a positive and significant effect on household income. Richer households benefit more from the program. However, the poor receive less benefits. We conclude that broadening villager’s participation can boost the effectiveness of China’s poverty alleviation program.

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Wang, Wenxiong, Lihong Yu, Wei Zhou, David W. Marcouiller, and Bin Luo. "Estimating the mechanism of farmers’ effective participation in Chinese rural land consolidation." China Agricultural Economic Review 11, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 100–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-08-2016-0126.

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PurposeEffective farmer participation in the rural land consolidation process has become increasingly important because it improves results in rural land consolidation and land use efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism of farmers’ effective participation in Chinese rural land consolidation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors empirically assess farmers’ effective participation in the rural land consolidation process in ten counties of China’s Hubei province. Focusing on an effective decision-making model, the authors comprehensively evaluated farmer participation using surveys that incorporated an index system and analyzed survey results using a structural equation model to examine factors that influenced farmer’s effective participation.FindingsThe results of the study suggest that the correlations between farmers’ effective participation and the impacting factors the authors proposed were particularly strong. In addition, participation ability, participation opportunity and participation incentive are strongly associated with effective farmer participation. Thus, the authors highlight that incentives should be provided to encourage farmers’ effective participation in rural land consolidation.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen approach and the set of the research object, the geographic context of the empirical survey work was limited; furthermore, the authors only studied the influencing factors at the individual level, leaving the interaction effects between governmental factors and farmer individual factors inadequately explained.Originality/valueDespite those limitations, these results serve as an important reference for government agencies and stakeholder groups in rural land consolidation decision making.

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Kubayi, Ntwanano Alliance. "Female Sport Participation In South African Rural Schools: Analysis Of Socio-Cultural Constraints." European Review Of Applied Sociology 8, no. 10 (June 1, 2015): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eras-2015-0001.

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AbstractThis study was carried out to examine constraints to sport participation among female secondary school students in Hlanganani rural area, Limpopo Province, South Africa. A total of 101 female students aged 17–24 years from four secondary schools were recruited to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Results indicated that the dress code, lack of energy, lack of family support and family commitment were identified as major constraints to sport participation among female students. The results of this study provide practical implications for promoting and developing female sports programmes in rural schools. This study suggests that stakeholders such as parents, peers, and teachers should motivate and encourage female students to participate in school sport. Additionally, the study recommended that in order to promote sport participation in rural areas, the values, norms, beliefs, attitudes and customs that restrict females from participating in sport and physical activity should be dissented.

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Mulenga, Brian P., Robert B. Richardson, Gelson Tembo, and Lawrence Mapemba. "Rural household participation in markets for non-timber forest products in Zambia." Environment and Development Economics 19, no. 4 (December 5, 2013): 487–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x13000569.

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AbstractNon-timber forest products (NTFPs) support livelihoods in rural communities through provision of food, fuel, materials, medicines and income from sales. We estimated the contribution of NTFPs to rural household income in Zambia, and used a two-stage tobit alternative model to identify the factors associated with participation in NTFP markets. NTFPs accounted for 35 per cent of household income for participating households, second only to trading. Human capital variables and the value of assets were found to be significant determinants of both participation in business activities related to NTFPs and the associated household income, and the poor were more dependent on NTFPs than wealthier households. The effect of average rainfall underscores the role that NTFPs play in providing a safety net during periods of low crop yields. Rural development policies should recognize the role played by NTFPs in rural livelihoods and the need to balance welfare improvement and sustainable forest management.

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Sabesan, S. S., B. Burgher, S. Varma, and P. Piliouras. "Perception and knowledge of clinical trials and factors affecting participation of regional and rural cancer patients of North Queensland." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e17558-e17558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e17558.

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e17558 Background: The best treatment option for most cancers is participation in clinical trials. Participation in trials is generally low and among rural patients it is likely to be even lower. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge about and attitudes towards clinical trials among rural and regional cancer patients of North Queensland. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in outpatient clinics at the Townsville Cancer Centre on all types of cancer patients. Results: The mean age of the 178 participants was 56 years and 45.4% lived in rural or remote areas. Median distance to the trial centre (Townsville) for rural participants was 180 km (range 80 - 1300 km). Being asked whether they would take part in a RCT, 13.2% of participants said no, 56.3% said yes, and 30.5% were unsure. There were no significant relationships between willingness to participate and rurality (p = 0.896) or education level (p = 0.943). For the majority of patients, the number of clinic visits and blood tests required did not matter. Cost of travel (41.1% rural/remote; 23.5% regional; p < 0.001) and the need for family or friends to accompany (38.9% rural/remote; 24.1% regional; p = 0.021) were more important for rural/remote than regional patients as factors affecting participation. Only 16.4% of participants were aware of early studies. After education, percentage of patients willing to participate in phase I and II studies were 57% and 84%, respectively. Rural patients were less willing to participate in phase I studies than regional patients (33.9% vs 52.6%, p = 0.029). Conclusions: Rural patients are as interested in participating in clinical trials as urban patients except for phase 1 trials and should not be excluded because of rurality. Knowledge of trials is poor and there is a need for education early. Cost of travel seems more important for rural patients and as such budgets should include cost of travel to encourage participation of rural patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Torres, Irene, and Venka Simovska. "Community participation in rural Ecuador’s school feeding programme." Health Education 117, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 176–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-02-2016-0009.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate concerning community participation in school-based health education and health promotion, with regard to food and nutrition. Design/methodology/approach Based on empirical data generated over the course of one year of fieldwork in three rural communities and schools in Ecuador, the study examines community participation related to the implementation of the school feeding programme (SFP) in rural schools in Ecuador. The conceptual framework for the study is shaped by the concepts of student and community participation within the health promoting school (HPS) paradigm. Findings The findings help identify and portray different forms of community participation, ranging from a total absence of meaningful participation, though very limited, to consequential participation determined as community influence on the SFP practices to meet the community needs, priorities and systems of meanings. Research limitations/implications The study shows that the meaningful participation of the parents and community members in small rural schools in a low- to middle-income country such as Ecuador can be linked to an empowered stance towards the SFP so that it is better tuned to local conditions, priorities and systems of meaning. School leadership, geographical characteristics and internal community organization seem to influence how participation is valued and enacted. Challenges remain in the interpretations of community participation, including counter- and non-participation of members. Originality/value The study contributes to an understanding of policy implementation and the implications of a HPS approach to health education and health promotion in small rural schools.

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Ampaw, Samuel, Edward Nketiah-Amponsah, Nkechi Srodah Owoo, and Bernardin Senadza. "Nonfarm enterprise participation and healthcare expenditure among farm households in rural Ghana." International Journal of Social Economics 46, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-06-2017-0248.

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Purpose Rural poverty remains high in many developing countries, Ghana inclusive. This has implications for healthcare affordability and utilization, and thus the attainment of universal health coverage. Nonfarm diversification is seen as a means by which rural farm households can increase incomes and smooth consumption including healthcare. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of nonfarm enterprise participation on healthcare expenditure among farm households in rural Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Using nationally representative household data from the sixth round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS 6), the paper employs endogenous switching regression and propensity score matching techniques to account for potential selectivity bias. Findings Results indicate that households that participate in nonfarm enterprises earn higher incomes and expend more on healthcare. Total household income and region of residence are significant determinants of healthcare expenditure among farm households in rural Ghana. In addition, while in nonfarm enterprise nonparticipating households the marital status of the head of household is important, for participating households the head having at least secondary education significantly influences healthcare expenditure. Practical implications Promoting nonfarm activities and hence raising the incomes of households in rural areas of Ghana has the potential of increasing health capital through increased investments in health. It will also positively impact access to and utilization of healthcare and ultimately contribute towards increased farm and non-farm productivity. Originality/value Previous studies have only examined the determinants of nonfarm enterprise participation or its impact on household welfare, poverty, inequality, food security and agricultural investments. While evidence abounds on the positive impact of rural nonfarm enterprise participation on household income, which in turn has implications for household health expenditure, the potential positive link between rural nonfarm enterprise participation and household healthcare expenditure remains unexamined.

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Sahoo, Sweta, Deepak Kumar Bose, and Jahanara Jahanara. "The Role of Rural Women in Dairy Activities in Bhadrak District of Odisha." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i8.010.

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The present study was conducted in Bhadrak District of Odisha to find out the role of rural women in dairy activities. A total of 120 respondents were selected randomly for the present study. The data were collected through a pre-structured interview schedule and later appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out the meaningful result. The results showed that the farm women were engaged in almost all dairy activities. However, they were actively participating in milking, feeding of grains, making dairy products etc. but they were having less participation in activities like ,protecting cattle against parasites, insemination of cattle, veterinary care etc. The association between some selected independent variables with participation of women in dairy activities was also found. Education, mass media exposure and extension contact were found to be significantly related to participation of rural women in dairy activities.

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Pérez-Fra, M. Mar, Edelmiro López-Iglesias, Ana I. García-Arias, Francisco Sineiro, and Roberto Lorenzana. "Representativeness and Civic Participation in Rural Development Programmes." Outlook on Agriculture 41, no. 3 (September 2012): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/oa.2012.0098.

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Al-Nouri, Qais N. "Iraqi Rural Women’s Participation in Domestic Decision-Making." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 24, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.24.1.81.

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Thomas, Richard, and Oliver Saasa. "Rural Development Projects and Popular Participation in Zambia." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 28, no. 1 (1994): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485863.

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Ghosh, Srikumar. "Beneficiary Participation in Rural Water Supply and Sanitation." IABSE Symposium Report 89, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137805796271981.

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Zimmerman, Marc A. "Citizen Participation in Rural Health: A Promising Resource." Journal of Public Health Policy 11, no. 3 (1990): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3342712.

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