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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rural-urban migration

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Academic literature on the topic 'Rural-urban migration'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Rural-urban migration"

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Malik, Asma Seemi. "RURAL URBAN MIGRATION." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 06 (June 10, 2015): 674–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.06.1230.

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Movement towards the urban centers of a country has been found to be acommon element in regards to the population dynamics. These dynamics however have asignificant economic, cultural, political and social impact on the lives of not only the migrantsbut also the place of destination. Through this research, it has been studied as to how therural urban movement in Pakistan impacts the social and cultural dimensions of the place ofdestination as well as those of the migrant. Furthermore, this research focused on findings themeasures taken by the government to curb the issues, however has found that the governmentof Pakistan is not taking any notice at all of the issues that exist. There is no long term vision orpolicy, a plan or implementation that would help in keeping the society and cultural of urbanand rural centers segregated.

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Agasty, Mahendra P., and Dr Rabi N. Patra. "Rural - Urban Migration: Selectivity, Determinants and Destination." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 2, no. 2 (January 15, 2012): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/feb2013/27.

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Ilnicki, Dariusz. "Rural Areas as the Origin and Destination of Permanent Internal Migrations between 2002 and 2017 in Poland. A Local-Level Analysis (Nuts 5)." Quaestiones Geographicae 39, no. 2 (June 11, 2020): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2020-0015.

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AbstractThe main aim of the study is to identify the main streams of permanent migration and determine their reach. Special attention has been paid to rural areas (a rural commune, the rural area of an urban–rural commune) as the origin and destination of migration. The study has been conducted at the lowest level of territorial division in Poland (NUTS 5 – cities and communes). The analysed data cover the period between 2002 and 2017 and come from the online database Demografia GUS [Demography, Statistics Poland]. While presenting the volume and directions of migrations, the total and maximum values of migration have been considered. This approach allowed identifying the catchment areas as well as the areas of migratory attractiveness. These areas are highly similar in terms of their spatial extent. However, they differ significantly in terms of magnitude and reach of the main migration streams. Permanent internal migrations within rural areas are the least significant among all migration directions. One of their characteristics is the fact that they are short–distance migrations, occurring between neighbouring units. Permanent internal migrations appear to be a good indicator of urbanisation of suburban zones and the shaping of functional urban–rural–urban connections.

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Mou, Mayisha Tahsin, Md Mahmudur Rahman, and Nusrat Jahan Mim. "Non-Linear Migrations and Urban Resilience." Bhumi, The Planning Research Journal 10, no. 1 (August 22, 2023): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/bhumi.v10i1.96.

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This paper looks at migrations as an inherent component of urban resilience and critically examines the linear understanding of rural-to-urban migration in urban studies. Based on an eight-month-long qualitative empirical study in Dhaka, Bangladesh, this paper reports how migrants from different rural parts of the country, with their complex experiences around migrations, enter various spatial systems in urban Dhakaranging from shared living to institutional involvements to temporal displacements due to external factors(such as pandemic). This paper also documents how their nonlinear migratory journeys contribute to building a sense of urban resilience toward the uncertainties that various spatial systems offer to them. Drawing from a rich body of literature on urbanization, rural-urban migration, and actor-based resilience, we explain how alternative narratives of non-linear migration studies from our fieldwork can redefine urban resilience from a migrant’s perspective.

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Dutta, Subrata, and Subhendu Chakrabarti. "Rural-Urban Linkages, Migration, and Rural Industrialisation." Indian Economic Journal 61, no. 4 (January 2014): 578–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220140403.

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Gusakov, T. Yu. "Rural-urban migration on the Crimean Peninsula." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-2-279-295.

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Despite the wide popularity of the Crimean region, its scientific descriptions are full of gaps. In the Soviet period, the research was limited by the unspoken prohibitions on the study of social processes and by the absence of a strong scientific school. After the collapse of the USSR, the Crimean region was considered only in the works on social aspects of migration and on artificial transformations of the ethnic-confessional composition of the population. The change in the status of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 made this region interesting for the Russian science: there are many recent articles on the features of the social-economic development of the peninsula, but a number of issues in the life of Crimea are still poorly understood. One of them is the migration on the peninsula: the historical ethnic migrations are sufficiently described but not the contemporary population movements. Historically, migration processes have played an important role in the social-economic development of Crimea. However, until recently, external migrations were the driver of this development, while since the beginning of the 21st century, migration movements within the peninsula have played this role, and their features should be taken into account in planning and financing the rural development. Rural areas of Crimea remain agrarian-overpopulated; therefore, it is necessary to identify areas promising for capital investment and areas that soon will be depopulated due to the lack of opportunities for human and social capital. The author considers the population exchange between urban and rural areas as an important factor for the demographic situation, and focuses on the reasons and features of the spatial mobility and migration of the Crimean population based on the analysis of statistical data and transport links between the city and the countryside.

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Gosai, Mayur A., and Leanne Sulewski. "Urban attraction: Bhutanese internal rural–urban migration." Asian Geographer 31, no. 1 (April 25, 2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2013.790830.

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Day, Richard H., Sudipto Dasgupta, Samar K. Datta, and Jeffrey B. Nugent. "Instability in Rural-Urban Migration." Economic Journal 97, no. 388 (December 1987): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2233081.

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Deng, Zihong, and Yik Wa Law. "Rural-to-urban migration, discrimination experience, and health in China: Evidence from propensity score analysis." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 28, 2020): e0244441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244441.

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This research examines how rural-to-urban migration influences health through discrimination experience in China after considering migration selection bias. We conducted propensity score matching (PSM) to obtain a matched group of rural residents and rural-to-urban migrants with a similar probability of migrating from rural to urban areas using data from the 2014 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Regression and mediation analyses were performed after PSM. The results of regression analysis after PSM indicated that rural-to-urban migrants reported more discrimination experience than rural residents, and those of mediation analysis revealed discrimination experience to exert negative indirect effects on the associations between rural-to-urban migration and three measures of health: self-reported health, psychological distress, and physical discomfort. Sensitivity analysis using different calipers yielded similar results. Relevant policies and practices are required to respond to the unfair treatment and discrimination experienced by this migrant population.

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Gao, Li, Zheng Wu, and Shu z. Li. "INTERNAL MIGRATION AND HEALTH CHANGES: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF CHINESE ADULTS IN MID AND LATER LIFE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2930.

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Abstract Objectives: This study examines the effects of internal migration on health status and health changes among middle-aged and older migrants in China. Methods: Using longitudinal data from the 2011-2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study compares non-migrants with those of recent migrants and earlier migrants in regard to their self-rated health and mental health. OLS and a series of fixed effects models were conducted to examine the effects of migration on health status and health changes. Results: Compared with non-migrants, earlier migrants report better self-rated health but no difference in depression. Our findings demonstrate that recent migrants show better self-rated health changes than non-migrants. In addition, for recent migrants, there are significant changes in self-rated health among rural-to-urban migrants and rural-to-rural migrants, while urban-to-rural migrants and urban-to-urban migrants are not significantly different from non-migrations. Discussion: There are associations between internal migration and self-rated health in China. The effects of migration on health appear to differ by the type of migration. Those who migrated from rural area are mostly likely to be affected by migration. However, migrants from urban area are less affected.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rural-urban migration"

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Lee, Sudhamma. "Rural-Urban Migration in China." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533797.

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Rudd, Dianne Marie. "Women and migration : internal and international migration in Australia /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr914.pdf.

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Karlsson, Ida. "Rural-Urban Migration in Babati District, Tanzania." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9119.

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Saif, Raisa, and Raisa Saif. "Extreme Weather Events and Rural-Urban Migration." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12566.

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In numerous regions around the globe, climate change can be expected to change the pattern of severe weather events. Migration flows have been systematically larger the higher the proportion of the population in urban areas in the destination county relative to the origin county. Richer models demonstrate that the effects of a number of different types of extreme weather events (i.e. flooding, heat waves, and wildfires) in the origin county on county-to-county migration flows are statistically significantly greater when the destination county is more urbanized. The effect of the number of fatalities from flooding and heat waves in the origin county on migration flows is also amplified when the destination county is more urbanized. Thus it appears that even in a developed country like the U.S. extreme weather events still exacerbate rural-to-urban migration flows.

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Chen, Weijia. "Essays on Rural-Urban Migration in China." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27798.

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Since the late 1980â s, China has experienced the worldâ s largest peacetime out-migration of its rural labor force to urban areas. The temporary nature of the labor migration complicates the control on this mobile population, and its multi-faceted influence on the whole economy makes the migration policy controversial. Based on cross-sectional Chinese rural household survey data, this study analyzes the effects of migration on rural areas and explores the determinants of the participation and duration of the temporary migration. The first chapter investigates how parental migration affects the decision of enrolling children in high school through migrationâ s effects on household income and the opportunity cost of schooling in rural China. The opportunity cost of schooling is approximated by the marginal productivity of children imputed from family production estimation, which controls for potential endogeneity in the time allocation decisions of family members. The empirical results show that temporary migration of parents raises their childrenâ s probability of high school enrollment by 3.2%, resulting primarily from a positive income effect. These findings suggest that reductions in barriers to migration raise rural household earnings, and foster the investment in childrenâ s education. The second chapter studies the determinants of participation and duration of temporary rural-urban migration in China highlighting the role of education and migrant networks. The Probit and Logit models are fitted to the dichotomous migration participation estimation. To correct for the sample selection bias, Heckmanâ s two-step procedure is used to estimate the length of migratory work. Empirical results confirm the existence of a migrant network effect on both migration participation and migration length. Schooling increases migration probability non-linearly and its effect on migration length is insignificant once migration is controlled. Furthermore, the positive effect of migrant networks on migration participation is especially prominent among individuals with junior and senior high school education.
Ph. D.

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Ha, Viet Hung Buppha Sirirassamee. "Rural-urban migration and fertility in Vietnam /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd420/4838140.pdf.

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Gulec, Basak Mukaddes. "Rural-urban Migration And Unemployment: Evidence From Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610588/index.pdf.

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The primary aim of this study is to explore the connection between rural - urban migration and unemployment in Turkey and examine whether this internal migration has an effect on increasing the unemployment rates. By using Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) panel data techniques and fully identifying these very concepts: migration from rural areas to urban areas, unemployment and internal migrations effects on the unemployment, an attention will be taken to the (negative) impact of internal migration on unemployment in Turkey.

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Meng, Lei. "Essays on rural-urban migration in hinterland China." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3356279.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 2, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-124).

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Chaudhuri, Jayasri Ray. "Inter-urban and rural-urban linkages in terms of migration and remittances." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385382.

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Higley, Rebecca Claire. "'Other' processes of rural gentrification and counter-urban migration." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499064.

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This thesis advances the theoretical and conceptual understandings of contemporary rural gentrification, drawing upon the case study of Tenterden and Cranbrook, in the North Weald of Kent. Based on rich, empirical findings from semi-structured interviews, content analyses of media sources, and household surveys of 320 respondents, it is shown that two distinct, and often inter-connected, flows of rural gentrifiers have migrated into Tenterden and Cranbrook. This emphasises the value of a micro-geographic perspective of rural gentrification, to capture internal socio-economic and cultural differentiation between gentrifiers. It is argued that the findings will have a major bearing on future studies of contemporary rural gentrification and counter-urban migration.

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Books on the topic "Rural-urban migration"

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Liu, Amy Y. C., and Xin Meng, eds. Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94574-3.

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Office, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Nairobi, ed. Rural-urban migration and urban-rural linkages: The western Kenya case. Nairobi, Kenya: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2016.

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Reddy, T. Rabi. Rural-urban migration: An economic interpretation. New Delhi, India: Reliance Pub. House, 1998.

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Aier, Anungla. Rural-urban migration: A thematic report 2009. Kohima: Government of Nagaland, Department of Planning and Coordination, 2011.

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Frankhauser, Pierre, and Dominique Ansel. La décision d'habiter ici ou ailleurs. Paris: Economica, 2012.

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John, Cromartie, Wojan Timothy R, and United States. Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service, eds. Nonmetropolitan outmigration counties: Some are poor, many are prosperous. Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 2010.

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Rawat, Rukma. Return migration & rural development. Tehri Garhwal: Siddhi Publishers and Distributors, 1997.

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Erna, Brodber. Rural-urban migration and the Jamaican child. Santiago, Chile: UNESCO, Regional Office for Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1986.

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Tomoji, Koyama. Nihon furusato rettō: Hirogaru toshi, nō-san-gyoson kōryū no wa. Tōkyō: Gakushū Kenkyūsha, 1986.

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Janusz, Witkowski, ed. Wybrane problemy migracji ludności wiejskiej w Polsce. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Planowania i Statystyki, Instytut Statystyki i Demografii, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rural-urban migration"

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Streeten, Paul. "Rural-Urban Migration." In What Price Food?, 74–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18921-2_15.

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Farah, N., Izhar A. Khan, and A. A. Maan. "Rural–Urban Migration." In Developing Sustainable Agriculture in Pakistan, 687–701. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351208239-31.

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Nguyen, Ha Trong. "Migration Duration and Migration Outcomes." In Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam, 97–115. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94574-3_4.

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Naito, Tohru. "Urban Unemployment and Urban–Rural Migration." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 31–43. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55294-9_3.

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Mitra, Arup. "Rural Migrants with Urban Jobs." In Handbook of Internal Migration in India, 40–46. B1/I-1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area, Mathura Road New Delhi 110 044: SAGE Publications Pvt Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9789353287788.n3.

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Prugh, Tom. "Rural-Urban Migration, Lifestyles, and Deforestation." In State of the World, 263–72. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-756-8_22.

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Sun, Li. "A Glance on Rural–Urban Migration." In Rural Urban Migration and Policy Intervention in China, 11–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8093-7_2.

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Tafesse Tirkaso, Wondmagegn, and Abenezer Zeleke Aklilu. "Youth rural-urban migration in Ethiopia." In The Informal Sector and the Environment, 117–31. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003223856-7.

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Kondoh, Kenji, and Hiroshi Kurata. "Agritourism, Unemployment, and Urban-Rural Migration." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 25–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1232-9_2.

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Coxhead, Ian, Viet Cuong Nguyen, and Hoang Linh Vu. "Internal Migration in Vietnam, 2002–2012." In Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam, 67–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94574-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rural-urban migration"

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Li, Meiqi. "Rural-Urban Migration, Urban-Rural Migration and Urbanization in China." In ICEME 2021: The 2021 12th International Conference on E-business, Management and Economics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3481127.3481137.

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Yu, Hao, Zihan Zhan, Yutong He, and Yanhan Cheng. "Impact of Rural Labor Migration on Rural Household Income and Rural-Urban Inequality in China." In EBEE 2021: 2021 3rd International Conference on E-Business and E-commerce Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3510249.3510278.

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KUKA, JANE FRANCES. "MIGRATION IN UGANDA: MEASURES GOVERNMENT IS TAKING TO ADDRESS RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION." In International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies 25th Session. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812797001_0075.

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Özdemir, Lutfiye, Orhan Polat, Gamze Seyitoğlu, and Sevde Çiçekli. "A Research and Determination of the Effective Elements in the Prevention of Migration from the Village to the City for Sustainable Rural Development i." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01882.

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In today's Turkey, rapid technological changes and developments at global level has increased to migration from village to urban areas. Sustainable rural development (SRD) means that future generations can meet their needs in a settlement that is less than a population of 20,000, so that past generations can’t complain about them. For sustainable rural development, it is important to prevent rural migration and to present labour, production, marketing and living opportunities in rural areas. In this context, the study was conducted in order to investigate the causes of migration from the village to the city, to take the necessary precautions and to make suggestions for the SRD. For this purpose, the research has been applied to farmers in selected villages in Central Anatolia, Black Sea, Aegean, Marmara, Mediterranean and Eastern Anatolia Regions in Turkey with face to face discussions and 141 questionnaires have already been collected. It was found that Cronbach Alpha was found to be quite reliable as the result of the analysis with a scale value of 0.785. Reasons for migration as a result of factor analysis can be classified as: 1) Migration due to education, 2) Migrations based on physical infrastructure. Numerous independent variables considered to be effective on these problems were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. As a result, it has been determined that many factors, mainly demographic qualities, are effective on migrations based on both education and physical infrastructure.

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CUCU, Marian Cătălin. "THE RURAL POPULATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ROMANIA'S REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2020/9/13.

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The Romanian rural area has experienced numerous changes from 1989 to the present. The development in an accelerated rhythm of the urban area compared to the rural area encouraged the migration of the population, this action being influenced by the discrepancies registered at regional level. Lately, the rural space is characterized by heterogeneity determined by the unequal process of village development. This paper presents the analysis of the number of inhabitants in rural areas in accordance with a series of indicators with a significant impact on living standards. The research results reflect the current dynamics of rural population migration and the related trend in each region. The concentration of the population in the highly developed areas leads to the depopulation of villages with a low pace of development.

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He, Xun. "The Impact of Land Tenure Arrangement on China’s Urban-Rural Migration." In 2021 International Conference on Economic Development and Business Culture (ICEDBC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210712.021.

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Chen, Yunshan. "The Impact of Land Property Right on China’s Rural-urban Migration." In 2021 International Conference on Financial Management and Economic Transition (FMET 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210917.029.

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Bučar Ručman, Aleš. "Družbene vezi, solidarnost, različnost in družbena vključenost: primerjava ruralnih in urbanih skupnosti v Sloveniji." In Varnost v ruralnih in urbanih okoljih: konferenčni zbornik. Univerzitetna založba Univerze v Mariboru, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-404-0.10.

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The urban population represents the smallest share of the people in Slovenia, as most of them live in rural areas. Despite the migration of people from rural to urban areas, which increased in the period after the Second World War, Slovenia did not develop large urban centres as Western countries. Slovenia followed the idea of polycentric development with moderate urban population growth in smaller urban centres. The primary purpose of this text is to present the essential characteristics of rural, urban and suburban communities in Slovenia and understanding of solidarity and communal life of diverse social groups? The author uses a literature review and a secondary analysis of already collected data in two surveys (Safety in Local Communities, 2017; Slovenian Public Opinion 2016/1) to present the characteristics. With the help of these research data, the author explains the structure of the population in urban, suburban and rural areas (education, employment, religion, ethnicity), and further analyses interpersonal relationships, connections, mutual assistance, acceptance of diversity and perceptions of security/threat.

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Özdemir, Lutfiye, and Orhan Polat. "Common Formal Education Proposal in Preventing Immigration for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas: A Pilot Study." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01770.

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of training in the prevention of migration as an obstacle for sustainable rural development. In this context, the causes of migration from rural areas to the cities were investigated and evaluated the educational status of people living in the villages. For this purpose, research has been implemented in rural part of Turkey’s Central Anatolia, Mediterranean and Black regions. Research data were collected by applying a questionnaire to the region inhabitants. A total of 123 questionnaires were evaluated. On statistical analysis, Cronbach's alpha value was found to be .833. Consequently, accessed findings are: 1) People living in region have low educational levels. 2) None of the participants had received any training related to agriculture in high school. 3) The proportion of participants receiving vocational training in related to agriculture, except for state schools is low. 4) Lack of education is one of the important reasons of the migration from rural to urban areas. 5) If enough agricultural education is given to region habitants, natural resources to ensure the survival of future generations are protected.

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Jin-xin, Tian, and Guan Ming. "A Study on Governmental Aid of Rural-Urban Migration of Poverty Peasants." In 2007 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmse.2007.4422198.

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Reports on the topic "Rural-urban migration"

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Busso, Matías, Juan Pablo Chauvin, and Nicolás Herrera L. Rural-Urban Migration at High Urbanization Levels. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002904.

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This study assesses the empirical relevance of the Harris-Todaro model at high levels of urbanization a feature that characterizes an increasing number of developing countries, which were largely rural when the model was created 50 years ago. Using data from Brazil, the paper compares observed and model-based predictions of the equilibrium urban employment rate of 449 cities and the rural regions that are the historic sources of their migrant populations. Little support is found in the data for the most basic version of the model. However, extensions that incorporate labor informality and housing markets have much better empirical traction. Harris-Todaro equilibrium relationships are relatively stronger among workers with primary but no high school education, and those relationships are more frequently found under certain conditions: when cities are relatively larger; and when associated rural areas are closer to the magnet city and populated to a greater degree by young adults, who are most likely to migrate.

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Garriga, Carlos, Ping Wang, Aaron Hedlund, and Yang Tang. Rural-Urban Migration and House Prices in China. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2020.045.

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Liao, Pei-Ju, Ping Wang, Yin-Chi Wang, and Chong Kee Yip. Educational Choice, Rural-urban Migration and Economic Development. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23939.

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Lagakos, David, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak, and Michael Waugh. The Welfare Effects of Encouraging Rural-Urban Migration. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24193.

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Garriga, Carlos, Aaron Hedlund, Yang Tang, and Ping Wang. Rural-Urban Migration and House Prices in China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28013.

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Garriga, Carlos, Yang Tang, and Ping Wang. Rural-Urban Migration, Structural Transformation, and Housing Markets in China. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2014.028.

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Garriga, Carlos, Aaron Hedlund, Yang Tang, and Ping Wang. Rural-Urban Migration, Structural Transformation, and Housing Markets in China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23819.

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8

Eckert, Elizabeth, Eleanor Turner, and Jo Anne Yeager Sallah. Youth Rural-Urban Migration in Bungoma, Kenya: Implications for the Agricultural Workforce. RTI Press, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.op.0062.1908.

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This study provides insights into a specific, hard-to-reach youth subpopulation—those born in agricultural areas in Western Kenya who migrate to large towns and cities—that is often missed by research and development activities. Using a mixed-methods approach, we find high variability in movement of youth between rural villages, towns, and large urban areas. Top reasons for youth migration align with existing literature, including pursuit of job opportunities and education. For youth from villages where crop farming is the primary economic activity for young adults, 77 percent responded that they are very interested in that work, in contrast to the common notion that youth are disinterested in agriculture. We also find many youth interested in settling permanently in their villages in the future. This research confirms that youth migration is dynamic, requiring that policymakers and development practitioners employ methods of engaging youth that recognize the diversity of profiles and mobility of this set of individuals.

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Busso, Matías, and Juan Pablo Chauvin. Long-term Effects of Weather-induced Migration on Urban Labor and Housing Markets. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004714.

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This paper explores the effects of weather-induced rural-urban migration on urban labor and housing markets in Brazil. In order to identify causal effects, it uses weather shocks to the rural municipalities of origin of migrants. We show that larger migration shocks led to an increase in employment growth and a reduction in wage growth of 4 and 5 percent, respectively. The increased migration flows also affected the housing market in destination cities. On average, it led to 1 percent faster growth of the housing stock, accompanied by 5 percent faster growth in housing rents. These effects vary sharply by housing quality. We find a substantial positive effect on the growth rates of the most precarious housing units (with no effect on rents) and a negative effect on the growth of higher-quality housing units (with a positive effect on rents). This suggests that rural immigration growth slowed down housing-quality upgrading in destination cities.

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Chisari, Omar O., and Sebastián J. Miller. Climate Change and Migration: A CGE Analysis for Two Large Urban Regions of Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011724.

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Migration is one of the strategies used by populations to adapt to natural shocks and also to respond to economic policies. Climate change will probably have an impact on the productivity of factors and on the health of the population of the Latin America and Caribbean region, triggering migrations. In addition, policies aimed at reducing emissions (like carbon taxes) will change relative prices and the remuneration of factors and, in turn, will alter the allocation of labor between urban and rural areas. This paper explores the potential quantitative relevance of those population movements using a CGE version of the Harris-Todaro model. Two paradigmatic cases are considered: i) domestic or internal migrations, focusing on the case of Sao Paulo (Brazil) and ii) international migrations, analyzing the displacement of population from Bolivia and Paraguay to Argentina.

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