Journal articles: 'Ruralization'

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Krause, M. "The Ruralization of the World." Public Culture 25, no. 2 70 (April 1, 2013): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2020575.

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Ovchintseva, L. A. "New villagers: motives and factors for moving from urban to rural areas." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 296–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-2-296-310.

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In developed countries, along with urbanization, the opposite process - ruralization or deurbanization - is becoming increasingly noticeable. Ruralization is not only the movement of townspeople to the countryside, but also the development of villages and the increasing importance of rural areas as a place to live and work. Townspeople make the decision to move by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of living in urban and rural areas, and non-economic motives (the desire to get closer to nature, to find ones roots, to live in silence, without haste, to eat natural products, etc.) play an important role in this decision. Among economic motives, the difference in the cost of urban and rural real estate and of life in general is the most important motive, i.e., families, especially young and large, can improve their living conditions by moving to the countryside. The study, the results of which are presented in the article, aimed at identifying those groups of townspeople that tend to resettlement, their motives, and factors pushing people to leave cities and facilitating/hindering resettlement to rural areas. The research is based on the study of special literature on the topic and on the data of the survey of resettled townspeople and experts in ruralization. Unlike most publications on ruralization, the author focuses on the positive aspects of the resettlement of townspeople to the countryside and insists on the removal of administrative barriers that prevent ruralization, because the resettlement of townspeople to the countryside does not have a negative impact on the city and is compensated by the influx of people from the countryside, who want to get education or a new profession.

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Liu, Da Peng, and Yan Zhao. "The Research of New Urbanization Model in Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos Region." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 1807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.1807.

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Traditional ideal about urbanization focuses on simple non-ruralization of population. This paper broadens our sight to understand the new urbanization and considers non-ruralization of population and continuous development urbanization of economy,society, culture and environment by urban system of Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos . In the process of urbanization, inorder to improve development level and quality of urbanization, we should pay more attention to advancement of people's traditional idea, production and living style and harmony among environment, society and different regions.

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Khan, Z. A., M. U. Khan, and M. Brand. "Ruralization is protective from gallbladder disease." HPB 21 (2019): S558—S559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2019.10.132.

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Khan, Z. A., M. U. Khan, and M. Brand. "Ruralization is protective from gallbladder disease." HPB 21 (2019): S789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2019.10.719.

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Blanchette, Alex. "Deindustrial Chicago and the Ruralization of The Jungle." Journal for the Anthropology of North America 22, no. 2 (October 2019): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nad.12117.

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Lubis, Muhammad Ridwan, Bambang Wirawan, and Amirsyah Tambunan. "Studi Hubungan Ruralisasi Dengan Penduduk Lokal: Pola Kerukunan Hidup Umat Beragama Di Daerah Pinggiran Jakarta." ILMU USHULUDDIN 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/iu.v6i1.13891.

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There are four types patterns of shifting population due to the influence of modernity, namely ruralization, urbanization, transmigration and circulation. Ruralization is the movement from city to village while urbanization is moving from village to city. Migration is a permanent migration of people from one area to another. Finally, circulation is the movement of people to fulfill certain interests such as work and living in two different places, so they must move every day from village to city. This research focuses on the Study of the Relationship between Ruralization and Local Residents: The Pattern of Religious Harmony in the Suburbs of Jakarta. The overflow of Jakarta's population is accommodated by new growth areas which are then concluded to be Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi. The occurrence of this displacement is due to a push factor from the area of origin, a pull factor from the destination. Attractor factor is the hope of getting opportunity to improve their standard of living and religious, political, and ethnic considerations in the area of origin. Eventhough religion is another factor but residents of villages as rural targets have religious affinity that is inherent in religious identity with ethnic groups, especially Betawi ethnic groups as local residents with migrants residents. Religious factors as a basis for determining the work ethic of social cohesiveness in this case religious harmony. Therefore, a strategy is needed to build social cohesiveness due to culture and diversity to avoid social tensions.

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Cejvanovic, Ferhat, Bahrija Umihanic, Kadrija Hodžic, and Meldina Kokorovic Jukan. "Transition and Multifunctional Agriculture in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2012010102.

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In the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) modern agricultural household is developing slowly and it is not on the satisfying level. Main feature of FB&H agriculture in the future will be based on small and mid-sized agricultural households. Elements of production diversity and extensively will be kept for a while with relatively higher number of people in rural areas. This can be achieved by modern forms of ruralization or neo-ruralization which can be used as possible theoretical redefinition of current rural paradigms, especially in connection to the modernization theories. In the profiling process of rural areas, institution of village could be of great use, and have to be developed and adapted, with forming the new ones. This applies to the traditional village institutions, but also to the new ones such as modern agencies for rural development on national, regional and local level which exists in many countries in the world.

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Maiorano, Diego. "The 2019 Indian Elections and the Ruralization of the BJP." Studies in Indian Politics 7, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321023019874893.

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The Indian general elections occurred amid a widespread and severe agricultural crisis. Many analysts thought that this could have a substantial impact on the incumbent Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) prospects to remain in office. This article, using post poll data, analyses the voting behaviour of two key sections of the electorate, the rural poor and the farmers. It shows that the BJP drew substantial support from both categories, across caste and class. Far from being a party of the urban upper classes and castes, the results of the 2019 elections mark the culmination of a decades-long process of ruralization and ‘proletarianization’ of the party.

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Kuzmitskaya, T. "Sustainable development of small and medium-sized cities in the conditions of the agglomeration effect." Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part D. Economic and legal sciences, no. 6 (August 15, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2021-57-6-30-34.

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The essence of the concept "sustainable development" is considered. The need to strengthen state regulation of economic relations to smooth out or eliminate negative environmental consequences by forming a green economy as an alternative to the traditional resource-intensive model and creating a more comfortable living environment for the population through the so-called ruralization (or deurbanization - the outflow of the population from cities to rural areas) is shown.

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Willson, Perry R. "Cooking the Patriotic Omelette: Women and the Italian Fascist Ruralization Campaign." European History Quarterly 27, no. 4 (October 1997): 531–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026569149702700404.

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Gold, Daniel. "Bābā Jai Gurudev in the Qasbā: The Ruralization of a Modern Religion." International Journal of Hindu Studies 17, no. 2 (August 2013): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11407-013-9138-2.

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Mester, Béla. "Ruralization of the (Urbane) Concept of Sensus Communis in a 19th-century Hungarian Philosophical Controversy." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, European and Regional Studies 14, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auseur-2018-0009.

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Abstract The topic of the present article is the destruction of the common sense tradition linked to the urbanity of philosophy, which had deep roots both in the European and Hungarian traditions. This destruction was based on Hegelian ideas by János Erdélyi as an argument of the greatest philosophical controversy of the Hungarian philosophical life in the 1850s. In Erdélyi’s argumentation, the turn from the supposed urbanity to the supposed rurality of the common sense has a fundamental role. The idea of the rurality of the common sense has an influence on the Hungarian intellectual history of the next centuries, as well.

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Jiansheng, Qiu. "Rural Education and the Ruralization of Knowledge: Qualms and Hopes of the Zhaicheng Experimental Site." Chinese Sociology & Anthropology 39, no. 4 (July 2007): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/csa0009-4625390405.

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Ali, Ahmed Mahmood, and Salah Othman Abed. "Urban Ruralization and its impact on the residential environment of the city of AL-Qaim." Journal of AlMaarif University College 32, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 281–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.51345/.v32i2.358.g223.

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The research has a more important and important study of the Iraqi cities in general and the cities of Anbar in particular, through field study and investigation in order to know the reasons that contribute directly or indirectly to the prevalence of this phenomenon, as it is affecting the quality of urban life and the nature of the urban texture of the city، By asking questions to the community sample about the behaviors of the existing city community, and focusing on the most prominent customs and traditions that the residents brought through the move of their place of residence from the countryside to the city, and it has been inherited from the life of the countryside, since significant numbers of the city's residents have rural origins, Where the city of Al-Qaim was distinguished by the area expansion and population size resulting from several factors, whether the natural increase of the population or through migration from the neighboring countryside or through the process of urban integration represented by the integration of the Karbala region of rural nature within the basic design of the city of Al-Qaim.

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Wróbel-Bardzik, Karolina. "Między ruralizacją miasta i „urbanizacją przyrody”. Historia środowiskowa okupowanej Warszawy." Przegląd Humanistyczny 63, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7281.

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The paper attempts to answer the question about the place of plants and urban greenery in Warsaw during the occupation and post-war period. The theoretical framework is determined by the environmental history of the war. The author describes ruralization of Warsaw during the occupation, and the fate of trees in urban forests and gardens and parks, which became depleted or destroyed as a result of the war and overexploitation. These spaces are called by Chris Pearson as “scarred landscapes”. An important point of reference is the pre-war and post-war vision of modernizing the city, in which plants occupy an important place in the spatial planning sphere. Moreover, the paper discusses the phenomenon of “urbanization of nature”, determining in this period of what belongs to the accepted sphere of “nature” in urban space.

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Smith, Tony, Merylin Cross, Susan Waller, Helen Chambers, Annie Farthing, Frances Barraclough, Sabrina W. Pit, et al. "Ruralization of students’ horizons: insights into Australian health professional students’ rural and remote placements." Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare Volume 11 (January 2018): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/jmdh.s150623.

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Saleh, Amany Hussein, Somaya Taha Abo_Elfadel, and Mamdouh Ali Yossef. "AN ARCHITECTURAL STUDY AT THE RURALIZATION PHENOMENON OF PRESENT EGYPTIAN CITY ( ASPECTS, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION TRENDS )." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 42, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 1002–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2014.115048.

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Mitrović, Marijana. "Who’s Singing over There? Transnationalism in Post-Yugoslav Popular Music and Its Boundaries." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 4, no. 3 (December 10, 2009): 117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v4i3.7.

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This paper examines transnational relations between the Yugoslav successor states from the point of view of popular music, and demonstrates how transnational musical figures (such as Djordje Balašević, Momčilo Bajagić-Bajaga, or Ceca Ražnatović) are interpreted as symbolic reference points in national ethnopolitical discourse in the process of identity construction. Another symbolic function is served by Serbian turbofolk artists, who in Croatia serve as a cultural resource to distance oneself from a musical genre associated by many urban Croats with the ruralization (and Herzegovinization) of Croatian city space. Also, value judgements associated with both Serbian and Croatian newly-composed folk music provide an insight into the transnational negotiation of conflicting identities in the ex-Yugoslav context. Ultimately, the paper shows how the ethnonational boundaries established by nationalizing ideologies created separate cultural spaces which themselves have been transnationalized after Yugoslavia's disintegration.

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Furui, Ryosuke. "Merchant groups in early medieval Bengal: with special reference to the Rajbhita stone inscription of the time of Mahīpāla I, Year 33." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 76, no. 3 (September 2, 2013): 391–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x13000451.

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AbstractRecent epigraphic discoveries shed new light on merchant groups in early medieval Bengal, a region whose history in the period from the mid-sixth to the thirteenth centuries is shrouded in obscurity. The present article attempts to provide a better delineation of this history with additional information from new inscriptions, and presents a transcription, translation and discussion of the Rajbhita stone inscription which records the activity of an association of merchants called vaṇiggrāma. The history of merchant groups in early medieval Bengal can be delineated as a process of the ruralization of urban elites in its early phase, and of the organization of merchants located in rural space towards specialized groups comparable to jātis in its later phase. The new inscriptions enable us not only to fill gaps with new information, but also give us perspectives from which we can go beyond unilineal simplicity.

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Mwesigwa, Catherine Lutalo, Brenda Akinyi Okumu, Charity Kirabo-Nagemi, Emma Ejuu, Estie Kruger, and Marc Tennant. "Mapping the geographic availability of public dental services in Uganda relative to ruralization and poverty of the population." Journal of Global Oral Health 2 (February 29, 2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jgoh_66_2019.

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Objectives: Uganda is a low-income country faced with a number of challenges in health service delivery, including oral health services. Despite reports of an increased prevalence of oral diseases, they are afforded less priority, amidst competing priorities of infectious and other non-communicable diseases. Oral health-care services are offered free-of-charge in public health facilities. The majority of the Ugandan population live in rural areas. This would imply that public dental services should be more widely distributed in rural areas to meet the needs of the majority population. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the geographic distribution of public dental services relative to poverty and ruralization of the Ugandan population. Materials and Methods: All 112 districts in Uganda were to be surveyed for this study using an ecological design that incorporated the Ugandan population with socio-demographics obtained from the latest Uganda National Housing and Population Census and poverty data from the national Poverty Status Report 2014. The data from the districts were on the availability of public dental services and the physical location of these dental facilities. Overall, 182 public facilities were included in the study. The geographic location of public dental clinics was established using open-data sources. The data on ruralization were aggregated at the district level and that on poverty at the subregion level. Spatial analysis was done using geographic information science software, Quantum Geographic Information System. Results: The total Ugandan population was 34 million. Overall, 19.7% of the population was poor with the highest proportion located in the North and East of Uganda. Urban-rural characteristics varied across the country. Information on the 182 public dental clinics was collected from 97 of the 112 Ugandan districts. Among the 97 districts, 15% had no public clinic and were located in the poorest Ugandan regions. Among the 40 districts containing over 90% of the rural population, 20% had none, and 55% only had one dental clinic. In general, service availability reduced as the proportion of the rural and poor population increased. Conclusion: The spatial analysis presents an avenue to inform and guide the decision making and planning process by identifying geographic areas with access gaps relative to population socio-demographic characteristics. This study revealed that public dental services were least available for the poorest and rural populations, and yet they are already vulnerable to other access barriers. It is recommended that efforts should be made by health planners and policymakers to avert the health inequalities presented by inequitable access.

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Chibilev, A. A., D. V. Grigorevskiy, and D. S. Meleshkin. "THE PROCESSES DYNAMICS OF URBANIZATION AND RURALIZATION IN THE TERRITORY OF THE WESTERN PART OF THE SOUTH PRIURALS." Успехи современного естествознания (Advances in Current Natural Sciences), no. 11 2019 (2019): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/use.37258.

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Rosete, Daniel Hernández. "Male Honor and the Ruralization of HIV/AIDS in Michoacán. A Case of Indigenous Return Migration in Mexico." International Migration 50, no. 5 (September 7, 2010): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2010.00642.x.

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Rahmoun, T., W. Zhao, M. Hammad, and M. Hassan. "Ruralization vs. Urbanization Sprawl as Guiding Regional Planning: Development Scenario for Rivers Watershed in the Southern Syrian Coastal Region." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 151 (May 2018): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/151/1/012033.

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Stark, Barbara L., Lynette Heller, and Michael A. Ohnersorgen. "People with Cloth: Mesoamerican Economic Change from the Perspective of Cotton in South-Central Veracruz." Latin American Antiquity 9, no. 1 (March 1998): 7–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/972126.

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We examine the ways that textile production, exchange, and consumption were integrated into the political economy of the Gulf lowlands, Mexico, over the course of two millennia. Archaeological, botanical, and historical data concerning cotton textile production reveal that changes in the industry resulted from alterations in the cotton plant, shifts in the local political economy, and changes in the relationship of the Gulf lowlands to other key regions of Mesoamerica. Initially, textiles did not figure prominently in social displays, and there is little archaeological evidence for spinning of cotton thread. Subsequently, textile production may have been stimulated by elite substitution of locally crafted items for increasingly scarce exotic imports toward the end of Olmec times in the Preclassic period. The political and cultural stature of the Gulf lowlands increased during the Classic period in conjunction with a greater emphasis on cotton processing and use of textiles. During the Postclassic period, ruralization of once-key localities and possible conversion of the western lower Papaloapan Basin to a tributary status correlated with changes in the attributes of whorls and in representations of textiles.

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Caritey, Benoit. "Geographical Development of Sports Phenomenon: Ruralization of Practices or Urbanization of Countrysides? The Alsatian Sport Movement Between 1920 and 1940." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 31, no. 1 (March 1996): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101269029603100102.

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Arnold, Jörg. "‘That rather sinful city of London’: the coal miner, the city and the country in the British cultural imagination, c. 1969–2014." Urban History 47, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 292–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926819000555.

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AbstractThe article proceeds from the observation that in the contemporary British cultural imagination, the figure of the coal miner tends to be presented as the embodiment of anti-urban and organicist qualities that in continental Europe are more commonly associated with the peasantry. Drawing on the theoretical insights of Raymond Williams, the article traces the genealogy of this ‘structure of feeling’ back to the time of the miners’ strike of 1984/85 and further back in the 1970s. It argues that the ‘ruralized’ miner was one imaginary in a complex power struggle over the ‘real’ identity of miners that was waged between the industry and the state, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) and the National Coal Board (NCB), and, crucially, inside the NUM itself. ‘Ruralization’ was most vigorously promoted by union militants who sought to displace an alternative vision, championed jointly by the Coal Board and union moderates, which had situated miners firmly at the heart of industrial modernity. It was only in the wake of the defeat of the miners in the 1984/85 strike, and during the subsequent cultural reworking of this strike, that this structure finally gained dominance.

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ALCALDE, ÁNGEL. "WARTIME AND POST-WAR RAPE IN FRANCO'S SPAIN." Historical Journal 64, no. 4 (February 10, 2021): 1060–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x20000643.

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AbstractBy examining the experience of rape in Spain in the 1930s and 1940s, this article explains how the Spanish Civil War and Franco's dictatorship dramatically increased the likelihood of women becoming victims of sexual assault. Contrary to what historians often assume, this phenomenon was not the result of rape being deliberately used as a ‘weapon of war’ or as a blunt method of political repression against women. The upsurge in sexual violence was a by-product of structural transformations in the wartime and dictatorial contexts, and it was the direct consequence, rather than the instrument, of the violent imposition of a fascist-inspired regime. Using archival evidence from numerous Spanish archives, the article historicizes rape in a wider cultural, legal, and social context and reveals the essential albeit ambiguous political nature of both wartime and post-war rape. The experience of rape was mostly shaped not by repression but structural factors such as ruralization and social hierarchization, demographic upheavals, exacerbation of violent masculinity models, the proliferation of weapons, and the influence of fascist and national-Catholic ideologies. Rape became an expression of the nature of power and social and gender relations in Franco's regime.

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Baron, Henriette, Anna Elena Reuter, and Nemanja Marković. "Rethinking ruralization in terms of resilience: Subsistence strategies in sixth-century Caričin Grad in the light of plant and animal bone finds." Quaternary International 499 (January 2019): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.02.031.

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BAKER, CHRIS, and PASUK PHONGPAICHIT. "Early Modern Siam as a Mainly Urban Society." Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 2 (March 2017): 235–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000123.

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AbstractEarly modern Siam is usually portrayed as a predominantly rural, peasant society. This picture is assumed from the worldwide trend of rural-to-urban transition, rather than from study of Siam itself. The available sources have a striking lack of any evidence on rural society. This article explores the possibility that this absence may reflect a real-world difference, not just perception. Unlike in temperate zones, enough food could be produced without dedicating the efforts of a majority of the population to agriculture. Rice could be grown by part-time ‘commuter’ agriculture, and other foods found by everyday hunting and gathering. Cultural preference based on the instinct for survival may have reinforced an affinity for urban residence. The scant data on Siam's demography suggest the majority of the population lived in urban places. Descriptions of the capital portray a commercial and industrial centre, capable of employing many in non-agricultural pursuits. The state systems for raising resources were tailored to an urban rather than a rural society. While the scarcity of data on early Siam makes any ‘proof’ impossible, the thesis that Siam was a predominantly urban society is worth exploring. From the early eighteenth century on, Siam was subject to a process of ‘ruralization’ that created the familiar peasant society that historians have projected back into the past.

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Gunaev, Evgeniy A. "Административно-территориальные преобразования и переименование населенных пунктов в Калмыкии в 1990–1991 гг." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 12, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 398–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2020-3-398-413.

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Introduction. The period of perestroika was a time of active reform in all spheres of the Soviet state and society, which was reflected in changes in administrative and territorial structures throughout the country and its regions. Goals. The paper examines Kalmykia and provides an insight into administrative-territorial transformations across the republic in 1990–1991 that resulted from political democratization in the USSR and RSFSR, rehabilitation of repressed peoples, and economic reforms of perestroika. This process is studied from two perspectives: transformation of urban-type working settlements into rural ones, and renaming of localities to restore historical names. Materials and Methods. The work analyzes official (published and unpublished archival) documents of regional and federal authorities dealing with administrative and territorial reorganization, statistical data, scientific works of domestic researchers discussing Russia’s population geography and toponymy of Kalmykia. Results. The article considers the administrative and territorial structure of Kalmykia in the early 1990s focusing on changes in statuses of ‘working’ settlements, and reasons underlying their transformation back to ‘rural’ ones. The paper draws examples of respective processes in Kalmykia during 1990-1991. Conclusions. Since the early 1990s, Kalmykia — like the rest of Russia — initiated administrative ruralization, which manifested itself in transformation of urban-type settlements to rural ones due to socioeconomic reasons. Another trend of administrative -territorial changes was the active restoration of historical names explained by the de-ideologization of Soviet society and ethnocultural factors.

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OLIVEIRA, ELIÉZER CARDOSO DE. "As tragédias como evento hermenêutico: as enchentes do Rio Vermelho na Cidade de Goiás * The tragedy as event hermeneutic: Rio Vermelho floods in the Cidade de Goiás." História e Cultura 3, no. 3 (December 5, 2014): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v3i3.1304.

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Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é o de analisar três enchentes do Rio Vermelho na Cidade de Goiás, relacionando-as com o contexto histórico da cidade: declínio da exploração aurífera (1782); expressiva ruralização (1839); e recebimento do título de patrimônio histórico mundial da UNESCO (2001). Essas três enchentes, além da sua dimensão física, podem ser analisadas como eventos hermenêuticos, pois permitem explorar a dimensão simbólica das representações feitas pelos habitantes em cada um desses momentos.Palavras-chaves: enchentes; cidade de Goiás; evento hermenêutico. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to analyze three of the Rio Vermelho floods in the Cidade de Goiás, relating them to the historical context of the city: decline in gold mining (1782); expressive ruralization (1839), and received the title of World Heritage of UNESCO (2001). These three floods in addition to their physical size can be analyzed as a hermeneutical event, making it possible to exploit the symbolic dimension of the representations made by the inhabitants in each of these moments.Keywords: floods; cidade de Goiás; hermeneutic event.

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Chuchkalov, A. S., and A. I. Alekseev. "“New” rural settlements – former urban-type settlements." Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya, no. 6 (December 17, 2019): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019618-34.

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Since the 1920s, when the notion of urban-type settlement (UTS) was introduced in Russia, and until the 1980s the number of UTSs was constantly increasing. But since the 1990s, their rapid decline began, and by 2019 more than a third of them were transformed into rural settlements. In this article, the authors try to find out what the new villages the former UTSs are; where they are located; what their functions (largely lost) are, and what the specific features of their population are. From 1989 to 2010, the processes of transformation of UTSs into rural settlements administratively increased rural population of Russia by 2.4 mln people and held back the growth of the urban population share, which increased only slightly from 73.4 to 73.7%. When comparing the census data of 1989 and 2010 in many regions, the administrative ruralization radically changed the dynamics of the population: instead of a real decrease in the number of rural residents, Census-2010 showed the increase of rural population. Former UTSs are losing population more rapidly than the rural areas of their municipal districts, and the most intensive outflow is in logging settlements, centers of construction and colonies-settlements. The average population size of the former UTSs is minimal in the North of European Russia and the Far North, and maximum in the European South and in the Ural-Volga area, where the former UTSs-district centers are mostly concentrated, in which change of their status was purely formal.

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Rusta, Ana. "City: Melting Locus and Cross-Cultural Difference Versus Rural (The Case of Tirana after the 90s)." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 6, s2 (July 1, 2017): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajis-2018-0037.

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Abstract After the 1990s, with the recognition of a number of rights denied during the communist regime, such as free movement, there was a large movement of internal migration from rural areas to large urban areas, especially towards the city of Tirana. A number of factors, mainly economic and social factors, favored this massive population movement from rural areas to urban areas. Almost complete disintegration of the economic base in rural areas, as well as infrastructure shortages, have pushed large numbers of population into urban areas, especially towards the periphery, across migration flows. On the other hand, enormous rural migration not only redefined the physical boundaries of the city but also produced new social and economic forms. As a result of interaction and confrontation of the social and cultural mentalities between rural and urban population (the case of Tirana) emerged several phenomena that created a clear demarcation area under the cultural and social aspects, as well as semi-rural or semiurban hybrid interaction. In this perspective, this essay attempts to use a multidisciplinary approach to explain the general factors of this massive internal migration but also some aspects of the newly-formed landscape of social and cultural mentalities after this migration. As a result of this cultural interaction, we attempt to understand the reality of various subcultures in the city of Tirana and social behaviors in order to clarify the effects of this process regarding the dilemma on the ruralization of the urban or urbanization of the rural population.

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Loureiro, Adriana, Ricardo Almendra, Cláudia Costa, and Paula Santana. "Mortality from Suicide in the Municipalities of Mainland Portugal: Spatio-Temporal Evolution between 1980 and 2015." Acta Médica Portuguesa 31, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.9423.

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Introduction: Suicide is considered a public health priority. It is a complex phenomenon resulting from the interaction of several factors, which do not depend solely on individual conditions. This study analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution of suicide mortality between 1980 and 2015, identifying areas of high risk, and their variation, in the 278 municipalities of Continental Portugal.Material and Methods: Based on the number of self-inflicted injuries and deaths from suicide and the resident population, the spatio-temporal evolution of the suicide mortality rate was assessed via: i) a Poisson joinpoint regression model, and ii) spatio-temporal clustering methods.Results: The suicide mortality rate evolution showed statistically significant increases over three periods (1980 - 1984; 1999 - 2002 and 2006 - 2015) and two statistically significant periods of decrease (1984 - 1995 and 1995 - 1999). The spatio-temporal analysis identified five clusters of high suicide risk (relative risk >1) and four clusters of low suicide risk (relative risk < 1).Discussion: The periods when suicide mortality increases seem to overlap with times of economic and financial instability. The geographical pattern of suicide risk has changed: presently, the suicide rates from the municipalities in the Center and North are showing more similarity with those seen in the South, thus increasing the ruralization of the phenomenon of suicide.Conclusion: Between 1980 and 2015 the spacio-temporal pattern of mortality from suicide has been changing and is a phenomenon that is currently experiencing a growing trend (since 2006) and is of higher risk in rural areas.

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Stolbov, Vyacheslav A., and Ekaterina Yu Tezhikova. "Symbolic (image) capital of Perm region cities: semantic approach to assessment of quality of the urban environment." RUDN Journal of Economics 27, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2019-27-1-140-152.

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An important role in the development of the territory is the ability to identify its unique features and form a positive image of the place. Semantic analysis of urban space allows to solve the problem: to find attractive and unattractive features of the city and to give recommendations on creation of a unique brand of the territory. The study is based on the results of a survey of students of Perm universities: showing their attitude to a particular city and the idea of an ideal urban space. Opinions of respondents were distributed on a 3-point scale of diametrically opposite qualitative characteristics of the urban environment, for example, compact - extensive, bright - dim, etc. In addition, the population assessed the urbanized spaces of the Perm Territory on the basis of its cognitive perception by other senses (the categories “taste”, “color”, “sound”, “smell”). Semantic analysis allowed to form an idea about the cities of Perm Krai as relatively comfortable and positive, but not enough bright, clean, friendly and green places. Other parameters of the urban environment were identified, which made it possible to give recommendations on the formation of a favorable image (brand) of urban settlements in the Perm Territory. The attraction of the population to a much green, clean and quiet urban space demonstrates the trend of greening and ruralization of citizens. Semantic analysis allows to give a subjective assessment of the place and to indicate the prospects of increasing its symbolic capital, using diametrically opposed characteristics of the territory. A positive feature of the technique is the possibility of its application to each territory.

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Oliveira, Liana Viveiros, Aparecida Netto Teixeira, and Marília Moreira Cavalcante. "PROJETO URBANO E PLANEJAMENTO PARTICIPATIVO: conexões e desconexões na reconstrução e recuperação ambiental de Lajedinho/BA." Revista de Políticas Públicas 24, no. 1 (June 24, 2020): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v24n1p226-246.

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O artigo discute uma experiência associada de projeto urbano e planejamento participativo ocorrida em Lajedinho/BA, cidade com elevado nível de ruralização onde, em 2013, ocorreu uma grave enchente, com vítimas fatais e destruição parcial da cidade. Com aportes teóricos sobre o plano e o projeto e, considerando as bases jurídicas e programáticas da política urbana brasileira, analisa a relação entre projeto e plano na formulação de uma agenda pactuada e socialmente legitimada para as cidades, identificando tensões reveladoras de limites e também de potenciais de articulação e interação. Os resultados mostram o quanto a desconexão entre os instrumentos pode acentuar os problemas urbanos e socioambientais que pretendem solucionar e apontam para a possibilidade de ressignificar o plano diretor e o projeto urbano, atribuindo sentidos e significados na perspectiva do direito à cidade.Palavras-chave: Projeto urbano. Plano diretor. Direito à cidade. Lajedinho.URBAN DESIGN AND PARTICIPATORY PLANNING: Connections and Disconnections in Lajedinho´s Reconstruction and Environmental RecoveryAbstractThis paper discusses an experience of urban design and participatory planning that took place at Lajedinho/BA, city with a high level of ruralization where, in 2013, a severe flood occurred, with fatalities and partial destruction of the city.With theoretical contributions concerning project and planning, and, considering the legal and programmatic basis of brazilian urban policy, the relation between them is analyzed in formulation of a pactual and socially legitimized agenda forthe cities, identifying tensions revealing boundaries and also of articulation and interaction potentials. The results show how much the disconnect between the instruments can accentuate the urban and socio-environmental problems both of them intend to solve and point to the possibility of reframing the master plan and the urban project, attributing meanings from the perspective of the right to the city.Keywords: Urban design. Master plan. Right to the city. Lajedinho.

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Miiller, Natali Oliva Roman, Almir Manoel Cunico, Éder André Gubiani, and Pitágoras Augusto Piana. "Functional responses of stream fish communities to rural and urban land uses." Neotropical Ichthyology 19, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0134.

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Abstract We tested the effects of ruralization and urbanization on the functional diversity indices and the composition of functional traits of Neotropical stream fish communities. The study was carried out in 24 streams of the Pirapó, Piquiri, Paraná III and Iguassu river basins. Land use in the watershed was categorized as percentages of native vegetation, rural occupation and urban occupation. Statistical tests revealed negative bivariate correlations between functional dispersion and the proportion of native vegetation in the watershed. The results indicate that a higher percentage of rural or urban occupation is associated with increased functional dispersion. In the analyzes of trait composition, significant alterations were observed in response to urbanization while only the increase in herbivory responded to ruralization. As the area of native vegetation is reduced by urbanization, the trait composition changes, with reduced proportions of species with intolerance to hypoxia, migratory reproductive behavior, external fertilization, and subterminal mouth, and increased proportions of species with parental care, detritivory, internal fertilization, and an upper mouth. Therefore, fish species that have these specific characteristics are more likely to disappear from streams as urbanization progresses. In summary, urbanization was related to a greater change in the composition of functional traits than ruralization.

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Cantor, Alida. "Hydrosocial hinterlands: An urban political ecology of Southern California’s hydrosocial territory." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, March 11, 2020, 251484862090938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2514848620909384.

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Urban political ecology has conceptualized the city as a process of urbanization rather than a bounded site. Yet, in practice, the majority of urban political ecology literature has focused on sites within city limits. This tension in urban political ecology evokes broader conversations in urban geography around city-as-place versus urbanization-as-process. In this paper, I bring an urban political ecology analysis to examine co-constitutive urbanization and ruralization processes, focusing on sites beyond city boundaries in three empirical case studies located within the broader hydrosocial territory of urban Southern California. By focusing on the rural components of hydrosocial territories, I show that each of the three case studies has been shaped in very different ways based on its enrollment within urban Southern California’s hydrosocial territory; in turn, the rural has also shaped the cities through flows of politics and resources. The paper demonstrates how urban political ecology can be usefully applied to understand rural places, illustrating how processes of urbanization can be involved in the production of distinctly rural—and distinctly different—landscapes. The cases demonstrate the utility of urban political ecology as an analytical framework that can examine co-constitutive urbanization/ruralization processes and impacts while maintaining enough groundedness to highlight place-based differences.

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"From Adaptation to Ruralization: A historical Analysis of Curriculum Policy Implementation in Cameroon Schools from the Colonial to Post Colonial Period." International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education 6, no. 8 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0381.0607010.

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Lord, Elizabeth. "Theorizing socio-environmental reproduction in China’s countryside and beyond." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, November 6, 2020, 251484862097012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2514848620970125.

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Over the past four decades, pollution and other forms of environmental degradation have radically transformed China’s landscape. So have the ambitious greening policies implemented to tackle these problems. During the same period, an enormous gap in wealth and amenities has arisen between the modernizing cities and rural areas, the latter playing an important, and often ignored, role in China’s environmental project. This paper identifies two paradoxical processes transforming rural environments: the mobilization of rural efforts to green the nation and the ruralization of pollution. While seemingly contradictory, both processes illustrate how the rural is expendable and malleable to state interests. This article proposes the concept of socio-environmental reproduction to theorize the environmental paradox in which many rural communities find themselves in contemporary China, as their environmental work and sacrifices sustain economic and political systems. This concept builds on the work on social reproduction by feminist scholars, particularly those who have sought to integrate the environment into their analyses. This paper proposes to expand the concept to include all the environmental work and sacrifices that certain people are asked to make to fuel the economic system, preserve political stability, and protect privileged spaces from pollution. As a whole, this article shows how China’s rural–urban divide is constitutive of the country’s environmental project and how national greening initiatives enable uneven development. Furthermore, this case foreshadows what will likely occur elsewhere as countries seek to green themselves. As the ecological era unfolds in China and elsewhere, it exposes how deep social divides are mobilized to fulfill environmental objectives. This paper theorizes the environmental work and sacrifices that risk falling on the shoulders of the most vulnerable.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ruralization'

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