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Journal articles on the topic 'Russian and East European Literature'
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1
Layton, Susan. "Eros and Empire in Russian Literature about Georgia." Slavic Review 51, no. 2 (1992): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2499527.
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In recent years a growing body of studies has analyzed the discursive practices used by Europeans to constitute the Asian, African and American Indian as the less civilized other. A most influential contribution has been Edward Said'sOrientalism.Although Said deals essentially with western responses to the Islamic east, his work contains many insights germane to nineteenth century Russian literature stimulated by tsarist expansion into the Caucasus. The Russian case, however, presents interesting variations on Said's model. Russia itself was only semi-europeanized, so that it was more problematic to build constructs of Asiatic alterity. The sense that there was no absolute division between “us” and the “Asiatics” produced extraordinarily ambivalent representations of Caucasian Muslim tribesmen in Russian literature. In “Ammalat- Bek,” for example, Alexander Marlinskii defended the tsarist conquest of the tribes as a European civilizing mission and yet expressed intense self-identification with the freedom and machismo of the Caucasian wild man.
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Nemec-Ignashev, Diane. "Soviet Russian and East European Post-Modernism." Slavic and East European Journal 31 (1987): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/307982.
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Bullard, Truman, and Gerald Abraham. "Essays on Russian and East European Music." Slavic and East European Journal 32, no. 2 (1988): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/308914.
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Russell, D. S. "Theological Literature for East European Baptists the Barclay Commentaries in Russian." Baptist Quarterly 32, no. 4 (January 1987): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005576x.1987.11751761.
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Frieberg, Annika. "Turizm: The Russian and East European Tourist under Capitalism and Socialism." Journal of Popular Culture 41, no. 3 (June 2008): 540–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5931.2008.00534_3.x.
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Møller, Peter Ulf. "En kur mod bændelorm og gallomani: Intra-europæisk ‘occidentalisme’ i den russiske 1700-talsforfatter Denis Fonvizins komedie Brigaderen og hans rejsebreve fra Frankrig." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 37, no. 108 (August 22, 2009): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v37i108.21998.
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A Cure for Tapeworm and Gallomania: Intra-European ‘Ocidentalism’ in the Russian Comedy The Brigadier by Denis Fonvizin and in his Travel Letters from France:Is Europe destined to remain a unit without unity, because of its endlessly differentiated cultural patterns and its divided, centrifugal past? This question seems to emerge as the bottom line of Hans Magnus Enzensberger’s observations from seven European countries, in his famous Ach Europa from 1987. In the microstructure of the disunity, we find national stereotypes as an element of intra-European discourses. Roman Jakobson discussed the complex of intra-European reciprocal images from a structuralist point of view. He proposed a systematic study of »national characterology« as an element in the discourses and mentalities of the various European nations.Inspired by both of these works, the present article is a minor investigation into a major area within intra-European relations, namely the east-west divide. It discusses two works by the Russian 18th century writer Denis Fonvizin, his comedy The Brigadier and his travel letters from France. Both are anti-western classics in Russian literature, greatly appreciated by conservative nationalists in Fonvizin’s days, and later famously applauded by Dostoyevsky. However, for both works it turns out, somewhat paradoxically, that Fonvizin took inspiration from the arsenals of newly imported European ideas and literature. The travel letters offer several examples of stereotypical negative characterisations from Western travel writing about Russia now being used by Fonvizin to describe the French. Holberg’s comedy Jean de France was popular on the Russian stage, and Fonvizin transferred the frenchified fop to a Russian setting with great success. Both of his works became tools for a budding Russian »Occidentalism« of the intra-European kind.
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KIDIRNIYAZOV, DANIYAL S. "THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN RUSSIA'S FOREIGN POLICY IN THE 40-50S OF THE XIX CENTURY." CASPIAN REGION: Politics, Economics, Culture 66, no. 1 (2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-510x-2021-66-1-050-059.
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Based on documentary material and scientific literature, the article highlights the place of the North Caucasus in Russia's foreign policy at the time under review. The progressive decline of Shah's Iran and Sultan's Turkey, and the active entry of Peter's Russia into the international arena put the question of the fate of the Caucasus, in particular the North Caucasus, in the circle of important problems of world politics in the period under study. Having become one of the main sources of contradictions in relations between Russia, Persia and the Ottoman Porte, the Caucasus, due to its important geostrategic positions, attracted the attention of the European leading powers - Britain and France. In addition, the role of Ottoman and Western emissaries in Russia's foreign policy during the period under study is considered. Western States, along with the implementation of the "Eastern barrier" policy in Europe, incited the confrontation of Iran and Turkey with the Russian Empire in the Caucasus in order to prevent the advance of St. Petersburg to the Caspian and Black seas, and Russia's exit to the middle East. To this end, the European powers sought to use the support b ases of the Ottoman Sultan and the Crimean Khan, created on the approaches to the North Caucasus in the XVI-XVII centuries. The contradictions between Britain and France on European Affairs, on the one hand, and between Iran and Turkey, on the other, did not exclude the possibility of temporary compromises between the rival States, which was also facilitated by the obvious anti - Russian orientation of their policy in the Caucasus. The Pro-Russian attitude of the local population in the Crimean war and their active desire to fight on the side of the Russian troops are also shown.
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Mandelstam, Osip, and Richard Lee Pierre. "The Wheat of Humanity." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 132, no. 3 (May 2017): 690–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2017.132.3.690.
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At the end of 1922, after years of revolution and civil war, the Soviet Union was formally incorporated, bringing areas of the former Russian Empire into an ostensibly unified conglomerate. Though conflicts continued to smolder, Spenglerian discourse from the area touted a flourishing Slavic East in opposition to a declining European West. For the thousands of Russians and other émigrés from the former Russian Empire living abroad in Europe, this opposition presented a conundrum: should their sympathies lie with their cultural home or with the West, where they experienced daily life?
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Feldman, Sara Miriam. "Jewish Simulations of Pushkin's Stylization of Folk Poetry." Slavic and East European Journal 59, no. 2 (2015): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30851/59.2.004.
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This article examines the prosody and other features of Hebrew and Yiddish translations of Eugene Onegin , which were composed as a part of Ashkenazi Jewish cultural movements in Eastern Europe, Russia, and Palestine. Russian literature played an important role within the history of modern literature in both Hebrew and Yiddish. Translating Russian literature tested the limits of the literary Yiddish and Hebrew languages. Due to the novel’s status in the Russian canon and its poetic forms, translating it was a coveted literary challenge for high-culture artistic production in Jewish languages. I examine this phenomenon using Pushkin’s simulation of folk poetry in the “Song of the Girls.” Due to the different social and textual functions of Yiddish and Hebrew, as well as their linguistic features, translatability of even formal characteristics differed from one Jewish language to another. The changes in Hebrew pronunciation during this period were reflected clearly in the changing limits of the ability of writers to translate Onegin . Though motivated by an inward-facing drive to produce modern and Western literature in one Jewish language or another, these translations were also a manifestation of the cultural bond between secular, East European Jewish intellectuals and Russian literature.
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Jobst, Kerstin S. "A Sacral and Mythical Landscape: The Crimea in the East European Context." Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo, no. 9(12) cz.1 (July 4, 2019): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/pflit.105.
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The Crimean peninsula plays a decisive role as a mythical place both in literature(e.g. by Goethe, Pushkin, Mickiewicz) and in many (pre-)national contexts and narratives: in the early modern period, for instance, the Polish nobility had developed the idea of its Sarmatian ancestry, an ethnos which in antiquity settled in the Black Sea area and the peninsula. German-speaking intellectuals in the 19th century developed an “enthusiasm for the Crimean Goths”.They believed that they had discovered their ancestors in the Gothic Crimean inhabitants, who had been extinct since early modern times. But above all the National Socialists attempted to legitimize their political claims to the peninsula. The mythical and legendary narrations associated with the Crimea in Russian culture, however, were particularly effective: The alleged baptism of Grand Duke Vladimir in Chersones in 988, which is said to have brought Christianity to the Kievan Ruś, plays a central role here, as do the numerous writers who drew inspiration from the Crimea. These narratives were used also by Russian political agents to legitimize the annexation of the Crimea in 2014.
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McDonald, Tracy. "Judith Pallot, ed., Transforming Peasants: Society, State, and the Peasantry, 1861–1930. Selected Papers from the Fifth World Congress of Central and East European Studies, Warsaw, 1995. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998. 1 + 256 pp. $69.95 cloth." International Labor and Working-Class History 57 (April 2000): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900262807.
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Transforming Peasants is a collection of papers that focuses primarily on the Russian peasantry between 1861–1930, with brief forays into Poland, the Kirgiz steppe, and Turkestan. Judith Pallot's introduction to the volume is informative and concise. She provides the reader with an excellent overview of each paper and highlights each author's contribution to the existing debates within the context of Russian and East European peasant studies. Pallot is well versed in the comparative literature on the study of the peasantry and notes the degree to which new work on the Russian, Central Asian, and East European peasantries has been influenced, informed, and expanded by this comparative material. What unifies the various selections in Transforming Peasants is that each author is grappling with the way in which the state, intellectuals, or educated society conceived of or “imagined” peasants and how these conceptions, in turn, influenced, shaped, or determined policy aimed at transforming the peasantry.
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Wells, David N., Karen L. Ryan, and Barry P. Scherr. "Twentieth-Century Russian Literature: Selected Papers from the Fifth World Congress of Central and East European Studies." Slavic and East European Journal 46, no. 2 (2002): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3086193.
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Hart, Thomas R., and Rene Wellek. "A History of Modern Criticism, 1750-1950: Vol. 7, German, Russian and East European Criticism, 1900-1950." Comparative Literature 44, no. 2 (1992): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1770347.
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Semenishchenkov, Yu A., and A. V. Poluyanov. "Steppificated broad-leaved forests of the alliance Aceri tatarici–Quercion Zólyomi 1957 on the Middle-Russian Upland." Vegetation of Russia, no. 24 (2014): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2014.24.101.
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Steppificated oak forests — the unique relic natural complexes of the Eastern Europe remained in Central Russia by small fragments. These forests are important elements of forest-steppe natural complexes and the reserves of rare plant species. In the European scientific literature the questions of their syntaxonomy, features of structure and dynamics are discussed (Mucina at al., 1993; Chytrý, 1997; Chytrý, Horak, 1997; Roleček, 2005, 2007; Kevey, 2008; etc.). The data on phytocoenotic diversity of such forests in Central Russia were obtained only recently but they are fragmented and insufficient. According to the Braun-Blanquet approach these forests belong to the subcontinental forest-steppe alliance Aceri tatarici–Quercion Zólyomi 1957. Such forests are described within the areas of distribution of two important edificator species — Acer tataricum and A.campestre which the northeast areal border generally corresponds to the northeast border of the forest-steppe zone. On the basis of geobotanical data collected by the authors on the Middle-Russian Upland (Belgorod, Kursk, Tula regions) the 4 new associations within the alliance Aceri tatarici–Quercion Zólyomi 1957 are described. Floristic differentiation of new syntaxa from the Central-European syntaxa is demonstrated by the DCA-ordination. Authors propose an original combination of the diagnostic species for this alliance, for the area studied. Taking into account the floristic specificity of the forests of the region, we suggest uniting of the established associations into the new suballiance Crataego curvisepalae–Quercenion roboris. This alliance represents the East European mesoxerophyte broad-leaved (with Quercus robur) forests of forest-steppe zone of the Middle Russian subprovince of the East European forest-steppe province. The diagnostic species of the suballiance are following: Quercus robur, Acer platanoides, Chamaecytisus ruthenicus, Crataegus curvisepala, Frangula alnus, Melampyrum nemorosum, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia cordata, Viburnum opulus. The suballiance is diagnosed by absence of thermophilous ous Quercus species, in particular, Q.petraea, Q.pubescens, Q.cerris, etc., their hybrid forms, and also some Central European and Sub-Mediterranean trees and shrubs: Acer pseudoplatanus, Carpinus betulus, Crataegus laevigata, C.monogyna, Cornus mas, Fagus sylvatica, Ligustrum vulgare, Sorbus aria, S.tomentosa, Tilia argentea, T.plathyphyllos, Viburnum lantana, Ulmus minor. Results of the research spread our knowledge on distribution of the steppificatedbroad-leaved forests in the Central Russia. and geography of the alliance Aceri tatarici–Quercion in Eastern Europe.
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Scotto, Peter, and J. Douglas Clayton. "Issues in Russian Literature before 1917: Selected Papers of the Third World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies." Slavic and East European Journal 34, no. 4 (1990): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/308202.
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Lin, Guanqiong. "Mythopoetics of the Were-Dragon (The Way of the Dragon by B. M. Yulsky and the Literary Context)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 20, no. 2 (2021): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-2-128-135.
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As a Russian mountain-forest policeman and writer of the Harbin diaspora, B. M. Yulsky combined in his prose the experience of the police service and ideas about the ethnoculture of the Chinese who inhabited the territory of the Far East. This article contains a hermeneutic and comparative historical analysis of the short story The Way of the Dragon (1939) by B. M. Yulsky. The artistic morphology of the dragon is built on the comparison of its image in Chinese, Amur, Slavic and European cultures. One of the key images in the Russian heroic epic, in the Christian legend of Saint George, in Western and Northern European mythology, the dragon is actualized in modern literature. The analysis involves a philosophical treatise and a Chinese classic novel. It is shown that in the Chinese mythopoetic consciousness the temper and morphology of the dragon is different from its interpretation in European and Russian texts. The content of the short story by B. M. Yulsky speaks about his acquaintance with the understanding of the dragon, which is more characteristic in Chinese culture. The writer integrated the archaic image of the werewolf dragon into the real situation and brought a legend to the history of Honghuzi. The facts set forth in the monograph by D. V. Ershov are the real confirmation of the story described by B. M. Yulsky. The Way of the Dragon is an example of the artistic ethnography and the authorial frontier mythology that have developed in Russian literature in Harbin.
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Guanqiong, Lin, and Natalia M. Solntseva. "Honghuzi in the literary reception." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-1-82-90.
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Outlaw is one of the archetypes in world literature. Honghuzi is the eastern version of the image of the outlaw. As his counterpart in European literature, he expressed the ambiguity, the ambivalence of human nature. Unlike the characters of F. Schiller, A.S. Pushkin and others, the image of Honghuzi is the least marked by romantic features. In the prose of the Russian emigrant writers of the Harbin diaspora, Honghuzi expresses the Chinese mentality; the specifics of orientalism are projected onto him, and at the same time its image is extremely objective, which primarily characterizes the prose of P.V. Shkurkin - the author of the ethnographic prose about the outlaws of the border zone of the Russian Far East, Manchuria, Korea and Mongolia. The context consists of the works by Shi Naian, Pushkin, Schiller, English folklore, etc. Comparative analysis allows us to identify the individual features of the artistic perception of the Honghuzi's activities by Shkurkin. It is proved that the interpretation of Honghuzi by Shkurkin is close to the image of the robber in Chinese, English, German literature, along with Russian literature of the XIX-XX centuries.
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Semenishchenkov, Yu A. "Geographical features of forest vegetation reflected at the level of the lower-rank syntaxa (evidence from the Russian part of the Upper Dnieper basin)." Vegetation of Russia, no. 30 (2017): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2017.30.94.
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Phytogeographical features of forest vegetation at the level of lower-rank syntaxa were being discussed in literature since the early 20th century (Cajander, 1903; Sukachev, 1926; Braun-Blanquet, 1964; Kral et al., 1975; Kleopov, 1990; Bulokhov, 2003; Ellenberg, 2009), however, phytocoenologists still have no uniform interpretation and geographical maintenance of lower classification units. Forest vegetation of the European part of Russia is well studied according to Braun-Blanquet approach with association as a system of geographical subassociations. The paper offers the approaches to the reflection of geographical variations of the natural forest vegetation in the basin of the Upper Dnieper (central part of the East European Plain) at the level of lower-rank syntaxa The xeromesophytic oak woods in the basin of the Upper Dnieper belong to the East European ass. Lathyro nigri–Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003. Floristic differentiation of this association from the similar Central European ass. Potentillo-Quercetum is given. These two associations have large blocks of geographically significant differential species that does not allow to consider them as a part of one association. The suggested approach allows to define the chorological content of units of lower syntaxonomical ranks and make regional classification schemes comparable to each other.
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Kivelson, Valerie A. "Introduction: Bringing the Slavs Back In." Russian History 40, no. 3-4 (2013): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04004002.
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This introduction briefly surveys the vast literature on the history of witchcraft in Europe and the far more limited historiography of Russian and East European witchcraft. It highlights a number of common themes emerging from the essays, including the interactions of religion and witchcraft beliefs, modes of persecution, the role of literacy and of gender, the mutability or stability of witchcraft belief over time, and the significance of ethnicity in beliefs about magic. The introduction identifies points of agreement and divergence among the authors and comments on the value of collecting detailed case studies.
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Purgina, Ekaterina. "Imagined geography of Russia in Western travelogues: Conceptualizing space through history." Social Science Information 59, no. 2 (May 20, 2020): 264–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018420921991.
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In modern societies, imagined geographies are constituted, along with other means, by travel literature. Unlike standardized tourist guides, travelogues offer personalized accounts of ‘genuine’ experiences of exploration and encounter. These experiences, however, are largely informed by the accounts of the previous travelers and require a number of literary devices and rhetorical strategies to create a coherent, engaging and authoritative narrative. This article focuses on literary and conceptual means employed to produce the ‘imagined geography’ of Russia in two travelogues published at the same time (2010) – Rachel Polonsky’s Molotov’s Magic Lantern and Ian Frazier’s Travels in Siberia. Despite the differences in the narratorial personae and in the literary form (Polonsky’s travelogue is much more ‘experimental’ than Frazier’s), these travelogues have much in common in the ways they describe the spatial experience of Russia by connecting space to time and history. Moreover, spatial travel turns into time travel as the parallel spatial and temporal hierarchy emerges, built around several oppositions: modern, Western/European, urban, commercial places vs. unmodern, East/Asian, small town/village, de-industrialized and depressed space. Social ordering of space, therefore, becomes a reproduction of the power relations between the individual and the state, periphery and the center. These oppositions reflect how Russian historical experience of modernity is inscribed in its vast space, this experience being interpreted by the travelers through the emotional and vivid image of a ‘broken modernity’. Russian people in Frazier’s text resemble ‘survivalists’ at a ‘post-apocalyptic’ frontier while, for Polonsky, the post-Soviet Russians are disconnected from their past and incapable of imagining their future.
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Ma, Xiaolu. "“The Orient” versus Dongfang." Prism 17, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 430–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/25783491-8690436.
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Abstract Since Edward Said published his seminal study on Orientalism, the notion of the Orient has been heavily discussed and hotly debated in both the Eastern and Western worlds. While early studies of Orientalism mainly underline Western fantasies of an exotic East as the West's “other,” Chinese scholars have also been inspired to reconceptualize the notion of the Orient in recent decades. By examining the formation of the notion of dongfang 東方 (the Orient) through journal publications, academic disciplinary construction, and the writing of oriental history, this article observes how the Chinese world of letters identified China with the Orient when China attempted to accommodate itself to a Eurocentric historical narrative in the 1920s. The article further investigates how the Chinese achieved a strategic alliance with Soviet Russia in the 1950s to confront the Western cultural centers of Europe and the United States and how Chinese academia repositioned itself in response to the adoption of Western criticism on Orientalism in the 1980s. This article also traces the institutionalization of oriental literature studies in modern China under the influence of both Soviet Russian and Western European academia to investigate how reimagining the Orient has enabled Chinese scholars to reorient Chinese literature within the genealogy of world literature. This article thus aims to shed light on the Chinese reconfiguration of Chinese cultural identity in an ongoing negotiation between East and West.
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Ram, Harsha. "The Sonnet and the Mukhambazi: Genre Wars on the Edges of the Russian Empire." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 122, no. 5 (October 2007): 1548–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2007.122.5.1548.
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Genres travel in multiple directions. This article maps the evolution and movement of two lyric genres in Georgia, a small nation situated south of the Caucasus mountains, between Russia, Turkey, and Iran. The mukhambazi arose from a polyglot urban culture rooted in Near Eastern traditions of bardic performance and festivity, while the sonnet was imported around the time of the Russian Revolution as a marker of European modernization. The brief coexistence of these two genres allows for a reexamination of the foundational opposition between East and West. Moving beyond the familiar dichotomy of tradition and modernity, this essay explores the texts and debates of more than a century, reconstructing the discrepant cosmopolitanisms and multiple modernities that typified the Caucasus region. In doing so, it seeks both to make available a literary archive unknown to American readers and to contribute to ongoing debates on the relations between the local, the national, and the imperial as cultural formations.
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Ibragimov, Marsel I., and Elmera M. Galimzyanova. "Identity Discourse in Theoretical Works of Tatar Literary Critics at the Beginning of the XX Century." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2019-16-2-228-238.
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The subject of the research is the identity discourse in literary works of Tatar literary figures at the beginning of the 20th century (G. Ibraghimov, G. Sagdie, G. Battala, N. Dumavie, G. Rakhim). The coexistence of Eastern and European literary terms and concepts, which indicates the reception of works by Russian and European scientists and the transformation of traditional views on literature, caused by Eastern poetics influence, was established in the works under study. The research was carried out in the context of the problem of identity that is relevant to contemporary literary criticism. For the first time, literary works of Tatar writers and scholars are considered as one of discursive practices in which the national identity of Tatar literature is manifested. It is revealed that the discourse of identity in the analyzed works is problematic in two aspects: civilization aspect (the problem of East and West) and national aspect (the problem of literary science as one of the factors of national construction).
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JORAEV, MEDET TECHMURATOVICH. "SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THE RUSSIAN MARITIME UNION." CASPIAN REGION: Politics, Economics, Culture 66, no. 1 (2021): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-510x-2021-66-1-038-042.
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The article is devoted to the aspects of scientific activity of the Russian Maritime Union. This public organization in the early twentieth century set itself the task of reviving the Russian imperial navy after the defeat in the russo - japanese war of 1904-1905. Meetings of a public organization where scientific problems were discussed are considered. Special attention is paid to the existing rules for publishing a collection of scientific papers by the leaders of the Russian Maritime Union. Information is given on issues related to the colonization of remote areas of Siberia and the Far East. The reasons for the lag of Russian commercial shipping from Western European countries are investigated. The prerequisites for the successful development of German commercial shipbuilding and shipping in the early twentieth century are analyzed. The relationship between the problems of development of Siberian rivers and the unsatisfactory economic condition of remote Russian territories is traced. The history of domestic public organizations and naval affairs in the early twentieth century is studied. In addition, the organization of the Russian maritime union for the promotion of naval knowledge is being considered. The public organization subscribed specialized foreign and domestic literature and created libraries on these issues, open to the public. Then the Russian maritime union attracted such technical innovations as cinematog- raphy and filmstrips to promote naval knowledge among the Russian population.
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Novyk, O. P. "THE POETICS OF ROMANTICISM OF MYKHAILO MINCHAKEVYCH’S WORKS IN THE SON OF RUS." Rusin, no. 60 (2020): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/60/9.
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The article analyses Mykhailo Minchakevych’s poems “Satire”, “Rozsvit”, “Roksolana”, “Separation”, dumka “Cross stone near Lyubchych”, love elegy “Dumka” from the manuscript collection The Son of Rus (1995), with the focus on the poetics of romanticism and imagery. The author compares the themes and motives in Mykhailo Minchakevych’s poetry with those of other Romanticists (Markiyan Shashkevich, Mykola Petrenko). The poetics of Minchakevych’s works was incluenced by the writing of Markiyan Shashkevych and other Galician authors; however, it demonstrates the similarities with East Ukrainian literature of the first half of the 19th century as well as European Romanticism. Mykhailo Minchakevych uses the so-called “word complexes” (D. Chyzhevsky), inherent to Ukrainian Romanticism. His desire to demonstrate the Rusinian great history is manifested in his reminiscences of the time of Kievan Rus and allusions to famous historical figures of the past. Similarly, the poet tries to show the influence of the Rusins on European history by mentioning the ties of blood between the Russian princes and European rulers. The poems “Satire”, “Rozsvit”, “Roksolana” convey the moods of “Russian Trinity” both through motives and imagery, thus revealing the influence of Markiyan Shashkevych. Mykhailo Minchakevych’s poems are also close to folklore, which becomes evident in their motives, composition, and the use of repetitions and onomatopoeia. Minchakevych’s poetry as a component of the “Russian Trinity” phenomenon reflects the processes that took place in the Ukrainian culture in the first half of the 19th century.
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Nikitina, Larisa. "A longitudinal study of language learners’ images about Russia." Journal of Language and Cultural Education 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jolace-2016-0019.
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Abstract Several studies in the field of applied linguistics have explored images held by language learners about a target language country. However, for the most part, these studies focused on learners of modern European languages, such as German, Spanish and French and they were conducted in Western educational contexts. Besides, none of the previous investigations attempted to conduct a systematic classification of the language learners’ images. The present longitudinal study addressed these gaps in the research literature. It explored images about Russia held by Malaysian learners of the Russian language in a large university in East Malaysia. This article reports the findings of three questionnaire surveys conducted in 2004, 2007 and 2010. It was found that the images about Russia held by the participants were diverse and clustered around eight countryrelated aspects. Content of some categories of images was stable and changed little over time. Other categories were more fluid and more prone to change. The paper concludes with a discussion of pedagogical implications that can be derived from the findings.
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BODISHTEANU, Nicole. "EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FACTORS OF EVOLUTION OF THE EURASIAN TRACK OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA’S FOREIGN POLICY." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 1 (2021): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.01.08.
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The author considers main external and internal factors of the formation of the Eurasian track in foreign policy of the Republic of Moldova from 2009 to 2020. Among main internal factors of the development of the Eurasian (as opposed to European) track of foreign policy, the author singles out: 1) coming to power of the pro-Russian president I. Dodon; 2) current orientation of the economy on the market of the CIS countries; 3) pro-Western parliamentary contingent and representatives of the Party of Action and Solidarity led by M. Sandu, who, on the contrary, helps to blur this track. Among external factors, the author does put an accent on: 1) the influence of the Ukrainian crisis on public opinion of Moldovan citizens towards Western institutions, and as a result, the growing popularity of the «pro-Russian» foreign policy direction; 2) «soft power» of the Russian Federation, mostly concentrated on a common language (Russian) and cultural values (literature, historical past, etc.); 3) willingness of Eurasian partners (mainly the Russian Federation) to provide assistance in crisis situations at no cost, unlike European and Western institutions, which traditionally indicate a number of democratic transformations in the recipient country as one of the conditions for providing assistance. The author comes to the conclusion that the Eurasian track of the foreign policy of the Republic of Moldova is still in its «infancy», but it has great potential and promises interesting prospects for a small state with a favorable geographical position, located at the crossroads of the most important transport routes between the West and the East.
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Andrew, Joe, Gregory Walker, and J. S. G. Simmons. "University Theses in Russian, Soviet and East European Studies 1907-2006: A Centennial Bibliography of Research in the British Isles." Modern Language Review 104, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20468247.
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Belozyorov, Sergey A., and Olena Sokolovska. "Economic Sanctions against Russia: Assessing the Policies to Overcome their Impact." Economy of Region 16, no. 4 (December 2020): 1115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-8.
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Starting from 2014 the European Union countries, the United States of America and some other states im- posed economic sanctions against Russia, resulting in diversification of trade ties away from western part- ners (“pivot to the East” strategy). The mixed findings of recent sanctions literature related to their effective- ness and measures to overcome the negative consequences, has necessitated the examination of these issues for the case of anti-Russian economic sanctions. We use various macroeconomic data along with indicators of digital development and financial inclusion. The methodology comprises a combination of graphical, com- parative, and correlation analysis. The analysis of external sector data shows that economic sanctions had substantial negative impact on trade and foreign direct investment with main senders. At the same time, the “pivot to the East” after 2014 has not been implemented yet as much as expected. To overcome negative im- pact of sanctions and to promote economic growth, the current diversification of ties should be accompanied by other measures, centred on digital development, digital financial technologies, and financial inclusion. We assess linkages between digital development and wealth inequality and we found that in most countries with moderate wealth inequality, including Russia, the digital transformation could bring more benefits in terms of economic growth, than in countries with lower wealth inequality. The overall study allowed us to examine digital policy implications to overcome the negative effects of sanctions in Russia. The obtained results will contribute to addressing the problem of optimisation of Russia’s behaviour as a target country that is the subject of future research.
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Belozyorov, Sergey A., and Olena Sokolovska. "Economic Sanctions against Russia: Assessing the Policies to Overcome their Impact." Economy of Region 16, no. 4 (December 2020): 1115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-8.
Full textAbstract:
Starting from 2014 the European Union countries, the United States of America and some other states im- posed economic sanctions against Russia, resulting in diversification of trade ties away from western part- ners (“pivot to the East” strategy). The mixed findings of recent sanctions literature related to their effective- ness and measures to overcome the negative consequences, has necessitated the examination of these issues for the case of anti-Russian economic sanctions. We use various macroeconomic data along with indicators of digital development and financial inclusion. The methodology comprises a combination of graphical, com- parative, and correlation analysis. The analysis of external sector data shows that economic sanctions had substantial negative impact on trade and foreign direct investment with main senders. At the same time, the “pivot to the East” after 2014 has not been implemented yet as much as expected. To overcome negative im- pact of sanctions and to promote economic growth, the current diversification of ties should be accompanied by other measures, centred on digital development, digital financial technologies, and financial inclusion. We assess linkages between digital development and wealth inequality and we found that in most countries with moderate wealth inequality, including Russia, the digital transformation could bring more benefits in terms of economic growth, than in countries with lower wealth inequality. The overall study allowed us to examine digital policy implications to overcome the negative effects of sanctions in Russia. The obtained results will contribute to addressing the problem of optimisation of Russia’s behaviour as a target country that is the subject of future research.
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JAGT, JOHN W. M., TATIANA D. ZONOVA, and ELENA A. JAGT-YAZYKOVA. "A review of the brachylepadomorph cirripede genus Pycnolepas, including the first record of an Early Cretaceous species from the Russian Far East*." Zootaxa 1545, no. 1 (August 9, 2007): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1545.1.3.
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To date, twelve species have been assigned to the brachylepadomorph cirripede genus Pycnolepas Withers, 1914, some of them on the basis of very limited material. The current status of all these taxa is briefly reviewed. Added are notes on a small collection of isolated capitular valves from middle Albian (Lower Cretaceous) strata in the lower reaches of the Amur River (Vassinskaja protoka, Khabarovsk region); this constitutes the first record of Pycnolepas from the Russian Far East (North Pacific Province). It is noted that species of Pycnolepas are almost exclusively European in distribution; notable exceptions are P. articulata (?lower Aptian; Alexander Island, Antarctica), P. orientalis (unspecified Upper Cretaceous, Kuzna-chaj, Azerbaijan; here considered to be a nomen dubium), P. nov. sp. (upper Paleocene; Turgay Strait, northwestern Kazakhstan), and the present lot which appears to be closely related to P. rigida from the lower Albianmiddle (?upper) Cenomanian of Europe (England, France). In the absence of other valves (terga, rostra and imbricating plates), for now we refer to this lot as P. aff. rigida, and consider it a vicariant species, awaiting the discovery of additional material. In the literature, it has been pointed out that amongst associated faunal elements (in particular, ammonoids and buchiid/inoceramid bivalves) at Vassinskaja protoka and nearby sections along the Amur River, there are species which are closely related to European taxa, and their occurrence appears best explained by vicariance biogeography. The absence of Pycnolepas in younger strata in the Russian Far East suggests that no subsequent radiation took place, but collection failure cannot be ruled out either in view of the vastness of the area and the generally small size of cirripede valves.
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Fengler, Susanne, Marcus Kreutler, Matilda Alku, Bojana Barlovac, Mariella Bastian, Svetlana S. Bodrunova, Janis Brinkmann, et al. "The Ukraine conflict and the European media: A comparative study of newspapers in 13 European countries." Journalism 21, no. 3 (May 15, 2018): 399–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884918774311.
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The crisis in Ukraine was one of the dominant topics in international news coverage of 2014 and the following years. Representing a conflict along the lines of an East-Western confrontation unprecedented since the end of the Cold War, the news reporting in different European countries with different historical backgrounds is an essential research topic. This article presents findings of a content analysis examining coverage of the conflict in the first half of 2014 in newspapers from a diverse set of 13 countries: Albania, Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, as well as Ukraine and Russia. Drawing on prior literature on news values, key events, and news cycles in foreign coverage, this study maps the evolution of the conflict in the course of four key events and identifies specific characteristics of the coverage in different newspapers. The results show that attention for the conflict varies considerably across the countries, which might be traced back to different degrees of geographical and cultural proximity, domestication, and economic exchange, as well as lack of editorial resources especially in Eastern Europe. Russia dominated the news agenda in all newspapers under study with a constant stream of conflict news. Contradicting prior literature, media sought to contextualise the events, and meta-coverage of the media’s role in the crisis emerged as a relevant topic in many countries with a developed media system.
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Pogodina, V. V., M. S. Shcherbinina, S. G. Gerasimov, and N. M. Kolyasnikova. "Modern Problems of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Specific Prevention Communication I: Vaccinal Prevention in Area with Siberian Virus Subtype Domination." Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention 14, no. 5 (October 20, 2015): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2015-14-5-77-84.
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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a disease mainly affecting the central nervous system, serious medical and social problem in Russia and many European countries. TBE virus (TBEV) genetically divided into three major subtypes: the Far Eastern, European and Siberian. Siberian subtype of TBEV dominates in most part of Russia outside of the Far East. Modern cultural inactivated vaccine of domestic and foreign production prepared from the strains of the Far Eastern and European subtypes. In a review of the literature and our own researches are shown: the dominance of Siberian subtype (TBE) and data of vaccine-prevention. The importance of genetic differences between the Siberian subtype strains and vaccines strains are analyzed as well new approaches of the test strain selection.
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Mondry, Henrietta. "Jacob's Ladder: Kabbalistic Allegory in Russian Literature. By Marina Aptekman. Borderlines: Russian and East European-Jewish Studies. Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2011. 250 pp. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Figures. $70.00, hard bound." Slavic Review 71, no. 3 (2012): 710–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.71.3.0710.
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KIRICHENKO, NATALIA, PAOLO TRIBERTI, EVGENIY AKULOV, MARGARITA PONOMARENKO, SVETLANA GOROKHOVA, VIKTOR SHEIKO, ISSEI OHSHIMA, and CARLOS LOPEZ-VAAMONDE. "Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding." Zootaxa 4652, no. 1 (August 7, 2019): 1–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1.
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The Russian Far East (RFE) is an important hotspot of biodiversity whose insect fauna remains understudied, particularly its Microlepidoptera. Here we explore the diversity of leaf-mining micromoths of the family Gracillariidae, their distribution and host plant associations in RFE using a combination of field observations and sampling, DNA barcoding, morphological analysis and literature review. We collected 91 gracillariid specimens (45 larvae, 9 pupae and 37 adults) in 12 localities across RFE and identified 34 species using a combination of DNA barcoding and morphology. We provide a genetic library of 57 DNA barcodes belonging to 37 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), including four BINs that could potentially represent species new to science. Leaf mines and leaf shelters are described and illustrated for 32 studied species, male or female genitalia as well as forewing patterns of adults are shown, especially for those species identified based on morphology. Three species, Micrurapteryx caraganella (Hering), Callisto insperatella (Nickerl), and Phyllonorycter junoniella (Zeller) are newly recorded from RFE. Five species previously known from some regions of RFE, were found for the first time in Amurskaya Oblast: Phyllonorycter populifoliella (Treitschke), Primorskii Krai: Ph. sorbicola Kumata and Sahkalin Island: Caloptilia heringi Kumata, Ph. ermani (Kumata) and Ph. ulmifoliella (Hübner). Eight gracillariid–plant associations are novel to science: Caloptilia gloriosa Kumata on Acer pseudosieboldianum, Cameraria niphonica Kumata on A. caudatum subsp. ukurundense, Parornix ermolaevi Kuznetzov on Corylus sieboldiana, Phyllonorycter ermani (Kumata) on Betula platyphylla, Ph. nipponicella (Issiki) on Quercus mongolica, Ph. orientalis (Kumata) and Ph. pseudojezoniella Noreika on Acer saccharum, Ph. sorbicola on Prunus maakii. For the first time we documented the “green island” phenotype on Phyllonorycter cavella (Zeller) mines on Betula platyphylla. Two pestiferous species have been recorded during our surveys: Micrurapteryx caraganella on ornamental Caragana arborescens in urban plantations in Amurskaya Oblast, and the lime leafminer Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata), a species known to be native to RFE and invasive elsewhere in Russia and in European countries. A revised checklist of RFE gracillariids has been compiled. It accounts for 135 species among which 17 species (13%) are only known to occur in RFE. The gracillariid fauna of RFE is more similar to the Japanese fauna (49%), than to the fauna of the rest of Russia (i.e European part and Siberia) (32%).
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Smirnova, Ksenia V., S. V. Diduk, and V. E. Gurtsevitch. "POLYMORPHISM OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS LMP1 ONCOGENE IN NANAIANS, REPRESENTATIVES OF INDIGENOUS MINORITY OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 22, no. 5 (October 15, 2017): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40992.
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The mechanism of EBV-associated malignant and benign human pathologies in non-endemic regions is still not elucidated. The investigation of this problem in Russia, the country, non-endemic for EBV-associated diseases, is of a special importance due to the variety of ethnic groups inhabiting different geographic and climatic regions. The search for genetic peculiaritis of EBV strains persisting in indigenous peoples of Russia, especially, in its minority representatives occupying the country since historical times is of the particular interest. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is known to be associated with a number of human tumors of lymphoid and epithelial cell origin. This unique feature of EBV is polymorphism of its main oncogene - latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), encoded by a gene of the same name LMP1. The importance of the studying of genetic mutations (deletions, insertions and other) in this gene is based on the influence of his certain mutations on the activity of such key intracellular molecules as NF-kB, AP-1, iNOS, and several others, leading to cell malignancy. With bearing it in mind, our study has been focused on the comparative analysis of the LMP1 EBV polymorphism among the indigenous population of the Khabarovsk Territory (Nanai) and immigrants from the European part of the country to this region, which is not endemic for EBV-associated pathologies, but is located on the border with endemic EBV-associated form of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in southern provinces of China. The results obtained clearly showed sequences of LMP1 samples of the virus strains infecting Nanai and immigrants in the Khabarovsk Territory to be similar to LMP1 variants from different parts of the world previously described in the literature and have a number of unique mutation features.
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Țilică, Elena Valentina. "Financial Contagion Patterns in Individual Economic Sectors. The Day-of-the-Week Effect from the Polish, Russian and Romanian Markets." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14090442.
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This paper studies the presence of the day-of-the-week (DOW) effect in the financial contagion process observed on individual economic sectors from the Post-Communist East European markets. The only markets that provide national-specific sector indices determined throughout the 2008 financial crisis are Poland, Romania and Russia. The novel methodology combines two existing perspectives from financial literature, by employing a GJR-GARCH framework on a dummy regression model that accounts for both the crisis period and the weekdays. All indices show the presence of the DOW effect during the crisis and/or non-crisis periods, thus signaling their low level of market efficiency. However, the contagion process affects only eight of these indices: the banking, IT and oil and gas sectors from Poland, the chemical, telecommunication and transport sectors from Russia and energy sectors from Russia and Romania. All of them show signs of the DOW effect in contagion: five exhibit higher spillovers on crisis Mondays, while the other three show other weekday patterns. The findings suggest that the DOW effect is not specific to certain countries or certain economic sectors.
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Mulahi, S., E. N. Eltsova, and S. M. Pinaev. "Topos of Egypt in Poetry of Silver Age." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): 237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-5-237-255.
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The specificity of the development of the geographical and cultural space of Egypt in the poetry of the Silver Age at the time when the “Russian” poetic Egypt was born as a system of leitmotifs, imagestopos and a specific lexicon is described. It is noted that in modern literary criticism, in comprehending the geopoetics of a regional text, works devoted to the European continent, in particular, geopoetic regional models of Russian literature, have been most fully investigated. The relevance of the study is seen in the need to comprehend and analyze the geopoetics of Egypt and, more broadly, Africa as a sacred geocultural space. The textual fragments of poetic works by K. Balmont, V. Bryusov, I. Bunin, N. Gumilyov, V. Khlebnikov, representing stable geospatial images and symbols of Egypt, are analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that the poetry of the Silver Age combines geocultural images and symbols with mythological motives, which gives the topos of Egypt a geosophical meaning. The analyzed material made it possible to show the generalized artistic structure of the geopoetic representation of Egypt in the poetics of the Silver Age and to highlight the spatial geocultural dominants: the Nile, Africa, the desert, the Sphinx, Egyptian heroes as images-topos, the Arab East.
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Salmond, Wendy R., and John O. Norman. "New Perspectives on Russian and Soviet Artistic Culture: Selected Papers from the Fourth World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies, Harrogate, 1990." Russian Review 56, no. 3 (July 1997): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/131766.
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Reisinger, William M., Arthur H. Miller, Vicki L. Hesli, and Kristen Hill Maher. "Political Values in Russia, Ukraine and Lithuania: Sources and Implications for Democracy." British Journal of Political Science 24, no. 2 (April 1994): 183–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400009789.
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Employing data from three surveys of mass opinion conducted in Lithuania, Ukraine and European Russia during 1990, 1991 and 1992, we examine three prominent but competing hypotheses about the source of political values in the post-Soviet societies: historically derived political culture, regime indoctrination and the effects of societal modernization. The literature on Soviet political culture argues that Russian mass values are distinguished by authoritarianism and love of order, values which will be largely shared by Ukrainians, especially East Ukrainians, whereas Lithuanian society would not evince this pattern. Our data do not support this hypothesis. We then examine acceptance of Soviet era norms, both political and economic. We do not find support for the argument that regime indoctrination during the Soviet period produced a set of ideologically derived values throughout the former Soviet Union and across a series of generations. The third hypothesis – that industrialization, urbanization, war and changing educational opportunities shaped the formative experiences of succeeding generations in the Soviet societies and, therefore, their citizens' values – receives the most support: in each of the three societies, differences in political values across age groups, places of residence and levels of education are noteworthy. The variations in political values we find across demographic groupings help us to understand the level of pro-democratic values in each society. We find that in Russia and Ukraine more support for democracy can be found among urban, better educated respondents than among other groups. In Lithuania, the urban and better educated respondents evince pro-democratic values at about the same level as their counterparts in Russia and Ukraine, but Lithuanian farmers and blue-collar workers support democracy at a level closer to urban, white-collar Lithuanians than to their Russian and Ukrainian counterparts. In all three societies, those citizens most likely to hold values supportive of democracy are those who are less favourable to Soviet-era values and less convinced of the primacy of the need for social and political ‘order’. Those who desire strong leadership, however, tend to have more democratic values, not more authoritarian ones.
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Abdusalamov, Magomed-Pasha. "On the question of feudalism in the Kumyk state formations (16th—18th centuries)." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 10-4 (October 1, 2020): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202010statyi77.
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In article on the basis of a wide range of historical sources and special literature deals with the problem of feudalism in Kumykia in XVI-XVIII. The author found that in Kumyk state entities have formed social relations of feudal type, having established the similarity of social systems of the Northern European States (including Russia) XI- XIII centuries, but subjected to a strong enough influence of the political traditions of the great Steppe (the Kingdom of the Huns, and the Khazar Kaganate) and the Middle East (the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran).
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Moore, David Chioni. "Is the Post- in Postcolonial the Post- in Post-Soviet? Toward a Global Postcolonial Critique." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 116, no. 1 (January 2001): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900105073.
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The enormous twenty-seven-nation post-Soviet sphere—including the former Soviet republics and the former “East Bloc” states—is virtually never discussed in the burgeoning discourse of postcolonial studies. Yet Russia and the successor Soviet Union exercised colonial control over the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Baltics, and Central and Eastern Europe for anywhere from fifty to two hundred years. The present essay interrogates the possible postcoloniality of the post-Soviet sphere, including Russia. The investigation is complicated by Russia's seeming Eurasian status and its history of perceived cultural inferiority to the West. A broad range of theoretical, historical, cultural, and geographic positions are examined, and figures such as Curzon, Conrad, Lermontov, and Shohat are addressed. In conclusion the essay argues against the current occidentocentric privileging of Western European colonization as the standard and proposes a fully global postcolonial critique. Overall, it critiques both too narrow post-Soviet studies and too parochial, too Anglo-Franco-focused postcolonial studies.
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Moore, David Chioni. "Is the Post- in Postcolonial the Post- in Post-Soviet? Toward a Global Postcolonial Critique." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 116, no. 1 (January 2001): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2001.116.1.111.
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The enormous twenty-seven-nation post-Soviet sphere—including the former Soviet republics and the former “East Bloc” states—is virtually never discussed in the burgeoning discourse of postcolonial studies. Yet Russia and the successor Soviet Union exercised colonial control over the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Baltics, and Central and Eastern Europe for anywhere from fifty to two hundred years. The present essay interrogates the possible postcoloniality of the post-Soviet sphere, including Russia. The investigation is complicated by Russia's seeming Eurasian status and its history of perceived cultural inferiority to the West. A broad range of theoretical, historical, cultural, and geographic positions are examined, and figures such as Curzon, Conrad, Lermontov, and Shohat are addressed. In conclusion the essay argues against the current occidentocentric privileging of Western European colonization as the standard and proposes a fully global postcolonial critique. Overall, it critiques both too narrow post-Soviet studies and too parochial, too Anglo-Franco-focused postcolonial studies.
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Loeffler, James. "Between Zionism and Liberalism: Oscar Janowsky and Diaspora Nationalism in America." AJS Review 34, no. 2 (November 2010): 289–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009410000358.
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Of all the varieties of modern Jewish politics, none has experienced a more curious fate than Diaspora Nationalism. This nonterritorial strain of Jewish nationalism, also known as Autonomism, was once widely regarded as “together with Zionism the most important political expression of the Jewish people in the modern era.” From its fin-de-siècle origins in the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires, it spread rapidly across Eastern Europe, sprouting various movements for Jewish national-cultural autonomy. After World War II, however, Diaspora Nationalism vanished almost overnight. So too was its intellectual afterlife marked by silence, as postwar historians of Jewish political thought largely ignored its legacy. Recently, however, Diaspora Nationalism has emerged as a growing field of scholarship. The results are impressive: a striking new wave of studies on its intellectual leadership, political parties, cultural projects, and various interwar East European Autonomist experiments. This abundance of fresh research promises to reframe not only the history of Diaspora Nationalism, but also that of Zionism and Jewish nationalism more generally.
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Greenleaf, Monika Frenkel. "Issues in Russian Literature before 1917: Selected Papers of the Third World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies. Ed. J. Douglas Clayton. Columbus: Slavica Publishers, 1989. 248 pp." Slavic Review 51, no. 2 (1992): 371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2499567.
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Frenkel Greenleaf, Monika. "Issues In Russian Literature Before 1917: Selected Papers of the Third World Congress For Soviet And East European Studies. Ed. J. Douglas Clayton. Columbus, Ohio: Slavica, 1989. 248 pp." Slavic Review 50, no. 2 (1991): 458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500242.
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Martynov, Andriy, and Hanna Harlan. "The Aleksander Kwasniewski’s Polish Diplomatic Breakthrough to the EU and NATO (Natalia Buglay’s «Kwasniewski’s Epoque in Polish foreign policy (1995–2005)» review) 181-189." European Historical Studies, no. 9 (2018): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2018.09.181-189.
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The monograph delivers a complex study of shaping the foreign policy strategy and of implementing the priorities of the foreign policy of the Republic of Poland in 1995-2005. Through utilizing a wide and diverse source material and large amount of literature, the conceptual and historical basis, the regulatory and institutional framework of the foreign policy of Poland have been investigated. Particular attention is paid to the complex implementation process of the key tasks of the foreign policy of the Republic of Poland related to its accession to the North Atlantic Alliance and the European Union. According to the research materials, the successful Euro-Atlantic and European integration of the Republic of Poland managed top have strengthened the position thereof on the international arena and brought peace and security to Poland. What is more, the integration has led to democratic changes in the legislative sphere, has increased its macroeconomic stability and has improved the situation in the social sphere. Special attention is paid to the East direction of the foreign policy of the Republic of Poland. In particular, the patterns and stages of the development of good neighborly relations with Ukraine have been underlined, for the latter had reached the level of strategic partnership in the investigated period. The formation of stable relations with Belarus, Lithuania and the Russian Federation has been outlined as well. The role, the problems and the prospects of the cross-border cooperation and activities of the European regions to deepen and improve their cooperation have been examined individually.
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Péteri, György. "Introduction." Contemporary European History 11, no. 1 (February 2002): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777302001017.
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The idea underlying the present theme issue developed during the 1990s and was established as a project between 1997 and 1998. To some extent, our undertaking was prompted by the wave of new Soviet Russian and East European studies literature (especially from the region itself) emerging in the wake of the transformation of 1989–91, since when there has been a veritable revival of the totalitarian approach. Narratives were organised along the well-known dichotomies of passive victimised societies and victorious, omnipotent and relentlessly oppressive party-states. As in western scholarship in the 1950s and 1960s, historical and other studies of cultural and intellectual life under communism tended again to be coached in terms of conflicts between political rationality asserted with totalistic pretensions and idealised ‘communities’ of ‘knowledge’, ‘professionalism’, and ‘arts’, or in terms of conflicts between ideological and political legitimisation and ‘the uncompromising search for truth’ or ‘artistic experimentation’. Communist attempts politically to control knowledge and artistic production, their early efforts to secure monopolistic positions for particular epistemological and aesthetic paradigms (as in class-relativist science or socialist-realist art) have been seen and presented as a one-way imposition from above.
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Perlmann, Joel. "The American Jewish Future after Immigration and Ethnicity Fade: H. A. Wolfson’s Analysis in 1918." Religions 9, no. 11 (November 19, 2018): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel9110372.
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H. A. Wolfson arrived in the United States at 16 from the Lithuanian region of the Russian Empire and at Harvard as a freshman five years later. He remained at Harvard until his death in 1974, as Emeritus Professor of Hebrew Literature and Philosophy. Among the most important historians of western religious philosophy, he published on contemporary issues only until 1925 and even then only rarely. Nevertheless, his 1918 article, “Pomegranates”, deserves attention. Wolfson clearly followed debates about the American ethnic future. He carved out an original and unexpected position on that issue, and on the American Jewish future within that context. He perceptively rejected Horace Kallen’s views of a “multi-national America”, and like Israel Zangwill’s Melting Pot, he stressed that full cultural and political assimilation would occur in the United States. But unlike Zangwill, he argued that Jewish religious creativity would find a long-term place in American life, once freed of its national trappings. Strongly supporting a Hebraic renaissance and a Jewish homeland in Palestine, he also emphasized with great force that the “we”—the east-European Jewish intellectuals and the Zionists—had greatly misunderstood the promise of Reform Judaism for the diaspora.
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Morozova, O. V., Yu A. Semenishchenkov, E. V. Tikhonova, N. G. Belyaeva, M. V. Kozhevnikova, and T. V. Chernenkova. "Nemoral herb spruce forests of the European Russia." Vegetation of Russia, no. 31 (2017): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2017.31.33.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of this paper are the reviewing nemoral herb spruce forests of European Russia (ER), elaborating diagnostic species combination, revealing species diversity, discussing syntaxonomical position, and validation of nemoral herb spruce forest syntaxa. The study concern 62 coenofloras (published and unpublished data from 11 regions of ER) and 448 relevés. The initial diagnosis of the association (Korotkov, Morozova, 1986; Zaugolnova, Morozova, 2004), originally based on local and incomplete materials, was refined, as a result of the generalization of a vast literature and factual data. All nemoral herb spruce forests of ER belong to ass. Rhodobryo rosei–Piceetum abietis Korotkov 1986 (RP) with three subassociations: RP typicum, RP abietetosum sibiricae and RP caricetosum pilosae. The issues of syntaxonomic assignment of the association to the higher units are discussed. The position of association within the class Carpino-Fagetea, order Carpinetalia and alliance Querco-Tilion was justified by predominance of nemoral species in lower layers of communities. Diagnostic species of association (Picea abies (upper layer), Athyrium filix-femina, Circaea alpina, Daphne mezereum, Dryopteris expansa, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Mycelis muralis, Oxalis acetosella, Phegopteris connectilis, Pyrola rotundifolia, Stellaria nemorum; Cirriphyllum piliferum, Plagiochila porelloides, Plagiomnium affine, P. medium, Rhodobryum roseum, Sciuro-hypnum starkei, S. curtum) are identified by fidelity index (Chytrý et al., 2002) and largely coincide with species of suballiance Tilio-Piceenion (Morozova, 2016). Alliance of Eastern European oak and lime tree forests Querco-Tilion is divided into two suballiances including proper deciduous forests (Querco-Tilienion) and spruce forests with nemoral herb and moss layers (Tilio-Piceenion), reflecting the zonal features of deciduous-coniferous forests in ER. The specific traits of the association communities are the species polydominance and total predominance of nemoral species in the lower layers. Thus, nemoral species can be considered as a collective dominant, with a cover approximately equal to or exceeding that of Oxalis acetosella (Vasilevich, Bibikova, 2004). Dominant species in the herb-subshrub layer vary not only due to the local conditions, but also to the age of forest stands. O. acetosella, as well as Aegopodium podagraria, Carex pilosa, Galeobdolon luteum, Galium odoratum, Mercurialis perennis, Pulmonaria obscura, Stellaria holostea, and some fern species can predominate. For subassociation, an ecological characteristics estimated by Ellenberg indicator scales (Ellenberg et al., 1991) are given. The floristic originality of syntaxa and the role of environmental factors are demonstrated by the method of nonlinear multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Differentiation of the internal structure of the association at the lower hierarchy levels is difficult, since these forests are a very polymorphic group regarding the dominating species. The predominance of one or combination of several species is related to specific environments and can be identified at the level of the variants, which is reflected in development of regional classifications (Semenishchenkov, Kuzmenko, 2011; Morozova, Tikhonova, 2012; Semenishchenkov, 2012). The area of eastern European nemoral herb spruce forests covers the territory from the east of the Baltic countries to the Volga river. Communities of association represent a zonal type of vegetation in the broad-leaved coniferous subzone and southern half of the southern taiga, but are extrazonal both in the north and south of their distribution. These forests occur on moraine loamy plains: in the southern taiga — mainly on the tops and slopes of hills, while in the broad-leaved coniferous subzone — on well drained plains and gentle slopes. Subassociations are differentiated by their geographical location: RP typicum represents west and central nemoral herb spruce forests, RP abietetosum occurs in the north-east of association range and RP caricetosum — in the south. For the most distinctive subassociation RP abietetosum character are the presence of Abies sibirica, hydrophylous and some species of Siberian tall herbs, and a smaller proportion of nemoral species. The number of species in the coenofloras is not being changed on the latitudinal gradient, but the species richness of the communities, as well as the cover of the lower layers, decrease southwards. Perhaps this is due to the increased presence of hazel, which creates a pronounced level of the undergrowth in the RP caricetosum. The floristic comparison and proposed concept of the nemoral herb spruce forests syntaxonomy make the regional syntaxonomic units comparable in volume and allow to adequately outline the modern range of forests of this type in ER.