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Ji-Sue Lee. "How does they work?: On the Russian Foreign intelligence services." 중소연구 38, no. 3 (November 2014): 189–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.21196/aprc.38.3.201411.007.
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Yudko, Ludmyla. "Concept TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE in psycholinguistic dimension." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 25, no. 2 (April 18, 2019): 371–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-2-371-389.
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The article concentrates on the role of the concepts TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, DIE TOLERANZ DES SICHERHEITSDIENSTES, ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБЫ, ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБИ in institutional discourse practice, which is a testimony of positive strategies and forms of behavior to avoid conflict situations in communication; it also gives analysis and systematization of modern scientific approaches and methods of research of concepts at the intersection of Linguistics and other humanities (Linguoculturology, Linguophilosophy, Linguopragmatics, Linguocognitology, Psycholinguistic); the effectiveness of triangulation approach in concepts research is defined, the role of the concepts TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, DIE TOLERANZ DES SICHERHEITSDIENSTES, ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБЫ, ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБИ for representatives of Great Britain, Germany, Russia, Ukraine is determined by means of psycholinguistic analysis, answers of 100 English-speaking, 100 German-speaking, 200 Russian-speaking and 200 Ukrainian-speaking respondents are analyzed and the conceptual-thematic groups of reactions to stimulus tolerance of intelligence service in those languages are singled out. The results of the analysis showed the inherent adequacy of all respondents designing the concepts TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, DIE TOLERANZ DES SICHERHEITSDIENSTES, ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБЫ, ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБИ for activity of intelligence services within its linguistic and cultural history. According to the associative experiment, joint and distinctive components of the values have been established, value component of the concepts TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, DIE TOLERANZ DES SICHERHEITSDIENSTES, ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБЫ, ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБИ for the linguistic cultures have been defined. Common for linguistic cultures, in which the discourse of tolerance is developed – English linguistic culture, German linguistic culture, Ukrainian linguistic culture – is a presence in conceptual consciousness of the carriers of linguistic cultures that are investigated of the generated samples of intelligence services and their specialists, whose activity is associated with the concepts TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, DIE TOLERANZ DES SICHERHEITSDIENSTES, ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБИ with positive connotations. The representatives of the Russian linguistic culture are distinguished for their failure to perceive intelligence services through the prism of the concept ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБЫ. The data of the experiment confirmed the existence of the paradigm of INTOLERANCE – TOLERANCE – ZERO TOLERANCE in the conceptual consciousness of the carriers of the English linguistic culture, German linguistic culture, Ukrainian linguistic culture. For representatives of Russian linguistic culture tolerance is perceived as a quality hostile to the Russian national picture of the world and acquires valence qualities of intolerance.
Based on the analysis of the associative experiment, it is concluded that the specificity of positioning of the concepts TOLERANCE OF INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, DIE TOLERANZ DES SICHERHEITSDIENSTES, ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБЫ, ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ СПЕЦСЛУЖБИ in linguistic cultures that are investigated is conditioned by the uniqueness of conceptual pictures of the world, mentality and history of nations.
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Tolmachev, D. E., K. V. Chukavina, and E. D. Igoshina. "Technological entrepreneurs of the Russian origin: Education, geography, industries." Journal of the New Economic Association 53, no. 1 (2022): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2022-53-1-13.
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Among the outstanding technology startups of the international level, there are often companies created by the Russian founders: Telegram, Revolut, Miro and many others. The authors wondered how the technology startups founded by Russians were distributed around the world and how many stayed in the country. This led to a few related issues. In which jurisdictions are tech startups with the Russian origin more comfortable to exist and why, where it is more probable to attract higher investment, in which industries Russian founders create startups? The issue of determining the “Russian origin” of the founder deserves special attention. The authors define it through higher education: if the founder received a Russian higher education, then, regardless of citizenship and nationality, he is considered as a Russian. The study analyzes the educational trajectories of the founders, the connections of headquarters’ locations with origins of the founders, the profiles of the founders (age, work experience and other characteristics). The role of universities in the education process of technological entrepreneurs is revealed, including the potential for generating technological entrepreneurs in various regions of the country. The authors conclude that while the absolute amount of investment attracted in Russia is maintained at the same level, its share is falling. The number of technology startups choosing Russia as their main jurisdiction is also decreasing. Results show that success in attracting investment is positively affected by the early experience in launching a startup (university years), as well as by technical education. The authors state the difference in the industry structure of startups created by the Russians from the world average in favor of IT, robotics, and artificial intelligence to the detriment of medicine, trade, and business services. The conclusion is: universities in such cities as St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk are poorly using the potential of generating technological entrepreneurs.
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Gandaloev, Ruslan, Taimuraz Kallagov, Artur Mironov, Badma Sangadzhiev, and Marat Shaikhullin. "The history of domestic intelligence in the Russian empire: the 18th-19th centuries." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3B (September 23, 2021): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173b1557p.324-330.
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The article aims at studying the historical formation and functioning of military and police units in the Russian Empire of the 18th-19th centuries, as well as determining some historical and legal patterns in the development of the institution of domestic intelligence. The main research method was the historical to study some historical stages, the historical and legal nature, the role of domestic intelligence and military-police units in the system of the Russian state power in the 18th-19th centuries. The scientific article also used the method of systemic analysis, deduction, induction, etc. The article concludes that the main secret services were subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs from 1880 to 1917, i.e. the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs stood between the supreme ruler (the emperor) and the heads of special services.
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Vok, Milena G. "The review of changes in the Russian science and technology legislation from October to December 2019." Science management: theory and practice 2, no. 1 (2020): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.1.8.
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This article reviews Russian legislation in science and innovation field adopted between October and December 2019. It is divided into the following topics: • science, technology and innovation policies; • integration of science and education; • intellectual property rights in science and innovation. One of the noteworthy elements in the implementation of the country’s innovation policy is the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 490 dated 10.10.2019 “On the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation” and the National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence adopted in the country, which are aimed at ensuring the accelerated development of artificial intelligence in Russian Federation, conducting research in the field of artificial intelligence, and increasing the availability of information and computing resources for users. It is also planned to create two research and technology centers: Sirius and Mendeleev Valley in accordance with the Decree No. 1805 of 24.12.2019 and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1428 of 08.11.2019. Their adoption is Abstract. the attractiveness of research field, expanding the access of citizens and legal entities to participate in promising scientific and engineering projects. Another important event is the ratification of the agreement between the Government of Russia and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) on scientific and technological cooperation by Federal Law No. 366 of 12.11.2019. The agreement should contribute to the development of scientific and technological cooperation between the parties in areas of mutual strategic interest. Cooperation is conducted in the form of provision of human resources, information, know-how, equipment, materials, services, funds or any combination thereof. The documents were adopted in the forms of federal laws and subordinate acts, particularly, in the form of presidential decrees, government resolutions and ministerial decrees.
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Waller, Michael J., and Victor J. Yasmann. "Russia's Great Criminal Revolution: The Role of the Security Services." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 11, no. 4 (December 1995): 276–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104398629501100407.
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Russian law enforcement agencies, security organs, and intelligence services, far from being reliable instruments in the fight against organized crime and corruption, are institutionally part of the problem, due not only to their co-optation and penetration by criminal elements, but to their own absence of a legal bureaucratic culture and their use of crime as an instrument of state policy.
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Guseva, J. N. "Soviet Intelligence Discourse about Caliphate Question in 1920s: Musa Bigiev, Eastern Department OGPU and Islamic political unity." Minbar. Islamic Studies 12, no. 2 (July 8, 2019): 421–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-2-421-437.
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This article deals with the study of the views of the Soviet intelligence on the so-called short-lived “Caliphate movement”, which originates from the then British India. Even after its official abolition in 1924, this institution did not lose its symbolic appeal for Muslims across the world. As an idea it continued offering the Muslims a sense of the umma i.e. the global community of Muslims. The author offers the Soviet intelligence interpretation of the idea of the Caliphate movement in the context of the Soviet “eastern” foreign policy. The article describes this issue through the prism of interaction between the Eastern Department of the OGPU (USSR Secret service) and Musa Bigiyev, a prominent Russian Muslim leader of the 19th–20th cent. Based on hitherto unknown archival materials and the most recent Russian and foreign historical studies, the author offers a comparative analysis of the attitudes of various Soviet and Communist Party institutions to the Caliphate idea and the Caliphate movement in the context of anti-colonial, anti-European struggle. In conclusion article shows the discrepancy between the strategy and tactics of Soviet intelligence services as opposed to the views of European (in particular, British) intelligence services. As a result, these activities contributed to the restriction of independence of the Russian Muslim elite on one handside, strengthening the anti-Caliphate feelings and Islamophobic views among the Soviet management elite on the other.
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HAFTARCZYK, Karolina. "SECRET SERVICE AS PART OF NATIONAL SECURITY." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 161, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.3063.
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Recent years mark a period of profound redefinition of threats and dangers to national security, also in Poland. The end of the Cold War, stabilization in Polish-German relations, normalization of the situation in the other neighbouring countries and an averted threat of the so- called ‘Russian military generals rebellion’ scenario – so popular with some Hollywood screenwriters in the past – finally, Poland’s accession to NATO, significantly cut the risk of an open, direct outside aggression. The term ‘intelligence services’ refers to governmental agencies involved both in the collection of confidential information and in counter-intelligence activities. Intelligence agencies are devoted to gathering and protecting information crucial to national security, both domestic and external.In democratic countries their operations occasionally raise issues of ministerial control and accountability to parliamentary procedures. Intelligence agencies carrying out national security operations abroad sometimes break local law. The intelligence agencies of totalitarian regimes and non-democratic states sometimes employ various practices and techniques prohibited by their own law, such as bribery, blackmail, treacherous assassination, illegal weapons and drugs trade.
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Ismailov, Ismail Sh. "AREAS OF THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY IN BANKING: LEGAL REGULATION PROSPECTS." Banking law 5 (October 29, 2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3945-2020-5-26-32.
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This research is devoted to the analysis of the status and directions of implementation of artificial intelligence technology into banking activities. Issues related to the engagement of technology directly in the provision of banking services and related activities of lending institutions are investigated, as well as legal issues connected with involvement of artificial intelligence in banking activities. The article was prepared under a survey carried out at the expense of a budget according to the state task for the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.
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Drozdova, Irina, and Aleksandr Petrov. "World practice and Russian experience of housing and utilities sector digitization." SHS Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184400031.
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The housing and utilities infrastructure is a socially significant branch of economy for life support of population and satisfactory of their demands for adequate housing and utilities services. Implementation of digital technologies in the housing and utilities infrastructure is justified under the program “Digital economy of the Russian Federation” and the concept “Russian smart cities”. It was found out that using the technology of Internet of Things in the housing and utilities infrastructure allows to increase efficiency of business-process, reduce costs for maintenance and operation of housing facilities, and to optimize the payment system of the housing and utilities services. It is established that the driver for development of housing and utilities infrastructure digitization shall be implementation of intelligent devices for metering all types of resources and power consumption in dwelling houses which will be gradually unified in the intelligence system of settlement for recourses consumption based on SIM-cards.
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Klehr, Harvey. "REFLECTIONS ON ESPIONAGE." Social Philosophy and Policy 21, no. 1 (January 2004): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052504211074.
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In 1995 the United States National Security Agency (NSA), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) made public the story of a forty-year American intelligence operation code-named Venona. Shortly after the Nazi-Soviet Pact in 1939, American military intelligence had ordered companies that were sending and receiving coded cables overseas, such as Western Union, to turn over copies to the U.S. government. Hundreds of thousands of cables were sent or received by Soviet government bodies. Beginning in 1943, spurred by rumors and concerns that Stalin might conclude a separate peace with Hitler, the U.S. Army's cryptographic section began work trying to read these Russian cables. It had very limited success until 1946, by which time the Cold War was already underway. Some twenty-nine hundred cables dealing with Russian intelligence activities from 1942 to 1946 eventually were decrypted successfully in whole or in part as a result of Soviet technical errors in constructing and using “one-time pads” that American code-breakers were able to exploit. These cables implicated more than three hundred Americans as having been involved with Soviet intelligence services during World War II, a time when the United States and the USSR were allies.
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Panteleeva, Tatiana A. "Opportunities and threats of using artificial intelligence in the business foresight of Russian companies." Market economy problems, no. 1 (2021): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-1-131-148.
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Subject/Topic. The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities and threats of using scientific intelligence in the business foresight and its impact on the business potential of the business in the short and long term. Methodology. In the process of writing the article, general scientific and philosophical methods of knowledge were used, as well as special economic methods based on them. Especially, the articles of the object of research – artificial intelligence – as the current process necessitated the use of problem-chronological and historical-genetic methods, which made it possible to distinguish the main stages of the formation of ideas, concepts, theories and methods for the use of artificial intelligence in business foresight, and the historical-genetic method showed the inseparability and intersectability from one stage to another of the development of the conceptual and methodological apparatus of the object of scientific research. Results. Currently, in business practice, artificial intelligence is used as a foresight tool very individually, since the complexity of its development and significant investments in the landscape infrastructure of its functioning form objective barriers to its rapid spread in the business environment. Currently, the following models of artificial intelligence are used in the business force: anthropocentric, hybrid, instrumental, machine-centric. According to the above calculations, starting from 2020, active growth is expected in the segment of business and IT services using artificial intelligence, it is also expected to increase spending on R&D projects in the field of development of products with artificial intelligence, and the most forward-specific from the point of view of investing capital and development as part of their own business model of AI directions on the horizon 2018-2025 are technologies for remote access (VDI, BKC, online communications, control), AI/ML (artificial intelligence, machine learning), VR/AR (virtual and augmented reality). Conclusions/Significance. In general, in 2020 compared to 2019, the optimism and motivation of the business to introduce artificial intelligence clearly showed a decline, and it should also be noted that the goals set by managers have become more «grounded»: in 2020, 45% spoke in favor of using artificial intelligence as a means of forming their own Big Data libraries, another 45% – for the integration of the artificial intelligence mechanism and existing systems for analysis and collection of information, however, a modern business strategy is not possible without processing huge amounts of customer information, and given their weak structuring and localization in multiple sources, the speed and quality of their processing and interpretation without the use of machine learning mechanisms became economically impractical. Application. The results of the scientific research will be useful both for educational purposes for students and readers interested in the use of artificial in-tech in business management, and for practitioners who plan to use artificial intelligence in foresight business processes.
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Poliakov, O. "COMBATING ORGANIZED CRIME USED BY FOREIGN SPECIAL SERVICES ESPECIALLY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR INTELLIGENCE AND UNDERSTANDING." “International Humanitarian University Herald. Jurisprudence”, no. 53 (2021): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2307-1745.2021.53.23.
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Nizovets, T. I. "The Evolution of the Legal Services Market in Russia and Common law Countries." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 10 (January 17, 2022): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2021.86.10.083-095.
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We are witnessing tremendous changes in the legal services market. Today, entirely new ways of delivering legal services and completely new legal professions are emerging. New technologies empower law companies to develop new business models and new ways of dealing with clients.Artificial intelligence makes it possible to address previously unmet customer needs, wants and demands.The article aims to provide an account of the new developments in the legal industry brought about by profound social and economic changes. The study presents disruptive technologies that substantially enhance the way law companies work. Stages in the evolution of the legal services market in common law countries are described: trends towards standardization, “packetization” and commoditization of legal services are identified. Similar trends are revealed in the development of the Russian legal services market.Issues of incorporating this knowledge in the English language classroom are discussed. The need to develop a new set of lawyering skills is highlighted
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Elishev, S. O. "Foreign intelligence agencies, international organizations and the media, supported by them as subjects of manipulative influence on young people." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 24, no. 3 (September 21, 2018): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2018-24-3-121-132.
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The process of social manipulation of modern youth is the object of the study. Foreign intelligence services, international organizations and the media, supported by them as agents of the process of social manipulation of young people is the subject of the research. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that in the conditions of the systemic crisis of the basic institutions and institutions of socialization of modern Russian society, there is an urgent need to develop effective mechanisms to counter the manipulative effects of various, not unambiguous subjects of social life. These subjects use young people as an object of manipulation, as well as testing of political, social and psychological technologies and experiments on them. In this context, the systematization of relevant scientific knowledge about the activities of foreign intelligence agencies, international organizations and the media, supported by them as important subjects of social manipulation, is an important task facing modern Russian society and science. The analysis of the activities of these agents of social manipulation confirmed the relevance, novelty and prospects of the development of this problem, as well as the urgent need to limit the influence of these actors on the political life of Russian society, as well as the younger generation of our country.
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Hedo, Anna, and Svitlana Liaskovska. "Russian Propaganda During the First World War: Technologies and Forms." Istoriya-History 29, no. 6 (November 20, 2021): 589–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/his2021-6-3-russ.
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The purpose of the article is to analyse the use of political propaganda methods employed by the Russian Empire before and during the First World War, in particular, on the Ukrainian lands, which became a direct theatre of military operations and a field of confrontation between intelligence and counterintelligence services of belligerent powers, which exercised manipulative influence upon great masses of population and implemented special technologies for the formation of public opinion. The research methodology is based on the principles of objectivity, systematicity, dialectics, historicism and interdisciplinarity. The study is grounded on problemchronological, institutional and historical methods, as well as social psychology methods, used in propaganda practices. Scientific novelty: on the basis of printed materials: brochures, First World War periodicals, published posters and woodcuts (lubki prints), as well as memoirs of people, involved in the organization of propaganda campaigns, certain objects, technologies and forms of propaganda, in particular, the involvement of intelligence officers of the Russian Imperial Army in manipulative technologies, were defined. The widespread use of propaganda and counter-propaganda by the states that were the main players of the First World War, became a kind of hallmark of that war. In Russia, unlike other states, there were no special bodies and no such bodies were created later to influence public opinion in their own, hostile or neutral states. The peculiarity of the propaganda of the Russian Empire was the use of mainly constructive (positive) propaganda aimed at neutralizing social conflicts within the state, uniting the population and the authorities and their joint struggle against the enemy. The ideas of Pan-Slavism and Neo-Slavism were actively applied in the international realm. They were aimed at the unity of the Slavic world under the auspices of Russia as the defender of the Slavic peoples and the Orthodox Christian faith. The use of destructive propaganda technologies was aimed at creating the image of the “enemy” and uniting patriotic forces against it. At the same time, Russia failed to offer Slavic peoples of the empire, in particular Ukrainians, to realize their political aspirations in resolving the national issue; it did not feel a change of mood and did not restructure the content of propaganda rhetoric, which eventually led to its defeat in the information and psychological space.
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Liaskovska, Svіtlana. "Russian propaganda during the First World War: technologies and forms." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: History. Political Studies 10, no. 28-29 (2020): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-28-29-82-98.
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The purpose of the article is to analyse the use of political propaganda methods employed by the Russian Empire before and during the First World War, in particular, on the Ukrainian lands, which became a direct theatre of military operations and a field of confrontation between intelligence and counterintelligence services of belligerent powers, which exercised manipulative influence upon great masses of population and implemented special technologies for the formation of public opinion. The research methodology is based on the principles of objectivity, systematicity, dialectics, historicism and interdisciplinarity. The study is grounded on problem-chronological, institutional and historical methods, as well as social psychology methods, used in propaganda practices. Scientific novelty: on the basis of printed materials: brochures, First World War periodicals, published posters and woodcuts (lubki prints), as well as memoirs of people, involved in the organization of propaganda campaigns, certain objects, technologies and forms of propaganda, in particular, the involvement of intelligence officers of the Russian Imperial Army in manipulative technologies, were defined. Conclusions. The widespread use of propaganda and counter-propaganda by the states that were the main players of the First World War, became a kind of hallmark of that war. In Russia, unlike other states, there were no special bodies and no such bodies were created later to influence public opinion in their own, hostile or neutral states. The peculiarity of the propaganda of the Russian Empire was the use of mainly constructive (positive) propaganda aimed at neutralizing social conflicts within the state, uniting the population and the authorities and their joint struggle against the enemy. The ideas of Pan-Slavism and Neo-Slavism were actively applied in the international realm. They were aimed at the unity of the Slavic world under the auspices of Russia as the defender of the Slavic peoples and the Orthodox Christian faith. The use of destructive propaganda technologies was aimed at creating the image of the “enemy” and uniting patriotic forces against it. At the same time, Russia failed to offer Slavic peoples of the empire, in particular Ukrainians, to realize their political aspirations in resolving the national issue; it did not feel a change of mood and did not restructure the content of propaganda rhetoric, which eventually led to its defeat in the information and psychological space.
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Shapovalova, Irina, and Alexander Pavlov. "Transformations in the Recruiting Services and Digitalization." SHS Web of Conferences 93 (2021): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219304005.
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The article discusses a scope of relevant issues concerning recruitment market; in particular, its analysis in the conditions of digitalization. It assesses the companies’ strategies of the economic behavior and defines their priority development strategies while focusing on the outcome of each applied strategy. The study determines the role of the employee in the digital economy and the role of the recruiting services in the service industry. Its main objective is to review and study the digital processes inherent to the recruitment industry as well as the tendencies in the recruitment market and to outline the principles of work and organization of recruitment agencies. The theoretical background of the study is based on the related publications by Russian and foreign researchers dedicated to a wide range of issues; the ones subject to analysis include development of Russia’s recruitment market in retrospect, current condition of the recruitment market, pros and cons of artificial intelligence technologies used in the field and prospects of gaining profit from using both artificial intelligence technologies and regular employees in the key areas of HR agencies’ work (staffing, training, job simulation). Much attention is paid to the distance work performed by HR agencies, specifically, to b-2-b and b-2-c concepts as well as to the digital platforms providing for the performance of such activities. Additionally, the research deals with the complexities and bottlenecks that recruitment agencies face with when working with the digital environment; it provides examples of the transformation processes that have been observed in the principles of the HR technologies application due to the digitalization effects and elicits the omnipresence of the digital environment in all the branches of the recruiting services while suggesting efficient tools, platforms and patterns that can be workable in the industry.
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Kozyreva, Anna, and Ruslan Nadtoka. "Using digital technologies to create equal opportunities in higher education in the Russian Federation: COVID-2019 lessons." E3S Web of Conferences 208 (2020): 09035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020809035.
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The article examines the experience of higher education educational organizations of the Russian Federation in the development and implementation of digital tools and services to form equal access to educational content. The Anti-Crisis Measures adopted by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to regulate the higher education sector are being evaluated to ensure that education is accessible and that the learning process is stopped during the COVID-19 pandemic.Over the past few months, studies in higher education on the quality of digital solutions used and their adequacy during the spread of the pandemic of the new COVID-2019 coronavirus infection and the transition mainly to remote forms of educational services show a low degree of readiness to provide equal access to education and reflect the risks of social conflict. It is important to ensure the digital readiness of higher education organizations to provide quality educational services through the introduction of advanced domestic programs and technologies, including those with elements of artificial intelligence; training of teachers and the administrative staff of educational institutions. Particular attention is paid to ensuring access to education in the subjects of the Russian Federation, where students and entrants face difficulties in remotely studying national languages and national culture. The study proposes to consider, among other things, support for the creation and implementation of online educational courses in the languages of national minorities, the expansion of e-library services containing unique cultural and language content, taking into account the specifics of the region’s learners.
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Miroslavskaya, Marianna V. "PRINCIPLES FOR ASSESSING THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE RUSSIAN REGIONS." Economy of the North-West: problems and prospects of development 1, no. 64 (2021): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/2411-4588-2021-1-102-109.
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Currently, import substitution is considered as one of the priority directions of the country’s economic development, the relevance of which arose in response to the imposed sanctions of Western countries, which implies a decrease in the share of imports of products, services, technologies, the development of an industrial base in the most important industries and, ultimately, an increase in the level of economic security of the country. Despite the fact that the sanctions impose serious restrictions on the activities of leading Russian companies, in the current conditions, coupled with the ongoing coronavirus epidemic, they are a serious incentive for the implementation of the import substitution policy. Rosstat data show that the import substitution policy has led to positive consequences for the agriculture of the regions. However, the effectiveness of the state policy in the field of digitalization and the introduction of innovative artificial intelligence technologies are of particular importance for the implementation of the import substitution policy. The following positive effects from the digitalization process at the regional level, influencing the implementation of the import substitution policy, are highlighted: improving the quality of life of the region’s population; growth of labor productivity by speeding up all business processes and reducing communication time in the region; the emergence of new forms of business and new business models to increase profitability and competitiveness; increasing the transparency of business transactions and ensuring the possibility of their monitoring; ensuring the availability and promotion of goods and services to regional markets.
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DENISOV, D. Yu. "DEVELOPMENT OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RUSSIAN COMPANIES." Scientific Journal ECONOMIC SYSTEMS 1, no. 234 (2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29030/2309-2076-2021-14-4-29-36.
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The modern process of strengthening and developing the digital transformation of company management is impossible without the development of digital skills of managers and leading specialists based on the use of digital tools. The relevance of the study of the introduction and use of digital support systems and decision-making based on artificial intelligence elements by leading Russian companies in various industries is a priority at the national level. The purpose of the research is the modern development of digital innovations of decision support systems, assessment of the advantages, prospects and competitiveness of domestic digital developments in the industry management areas of companies in the Russian Federation. The author of the study has set a solution to the main task – to analyze the role and importance of digital solutions in the transformation of business processes and management of leading Russian companies as promising drivers of digital technology development. The methodology of the research conducted by the author is based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as mathematical and statistical methods of study. The research conducted by the author showed that the advantages of the introduction and active use of digital innovations of the class of decision support systems by Russian enterprises are the optimization of production and operational business processes, increased efficiency, the development of new competitive quality products and services, increased productivity and occupational safety, as well as a qualitatively new level of customer service. The development of digital innovations of the class of decision support systems at the level of middle management makes it possible to effectively redistribute routine and complex operational tasks, transferring some of them to digital algorithms, reducing time costs and stimulating the development of new professional skills of managers and leading management specialists.
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Baqués-Quesada, Josep, and Guillem Colom-Piella. "Russian Influence in the Czech Republic as a Grey Zone Case Study." Politics in Central Europe 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 29–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2021-0002.
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Abstract In recent years, the concept of grey zone has been popularised to analyse the activities a State can use to influence the decisions and to limit the strategic choices of another State below the threshold of war. This article presents a case study, aimed at verifying if the Russian activities in the Czech Republic may constitute a grey zone. The paper commences by introducing the concept of the grey zone and developing the appropriate theoretical framework to identify its main characteristics. It continues by examining the Russian influence in the Czech Republic by using open sources, local sources and documents from the Czech intelligence services. It concludes by asserting that the analysed case meets most of the requirements to classify it as a ‘limited grey zone’. This new theoretical development may help to assess similar situations that may occur in this or other nations.
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Prigoda, L. V., M. V. Alikaeva, and Z. Cekerevac. "Banking ecosystems and marketplaces: digitalization trends." New Technologies 16, no. 6 (February 20, 2021): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2072-0920-2020-16-6-132-138.
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The article considers peculiarities of the activities of the main participants in the financial market, in particular banking in the context of digitalization and the introduction of artificial intelligence tools. At present, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have a significant impact on human life, both in the process of instant transfers and in conversational interfaces. This affects the financial services sector, and its members are the most active in introducing disruptive AI innovations. Therefore, in order to increase the level of competitiveness, modern banks should act as locomotives in addressing issues of implementation, use of digital technologies and acceleration of methods of remote work. The COVID-19 pandemic has made its own adjustments to the concept of interaction of financial institutions with customers, for most of whom remote services have become an integral part of everyday life. The increasing demand for telecommuting services of financial institutions stimulates the creation of digital platforms that take into account both the processes of global digitalization and the changed demands of consumers in the context of a pandemic. This article provides an analytical overview of trends, obstacles and prospects for the integration of financial ecosystems and marketplaces in the Russian market. The necessity of using an integrated approach in developing the rules for the functioning of financial ecosystems in the formation of an adequate development strategy, which will ensure the creation of a fair competitive environment in the financial market, has been substantiated. The aim of the research is to identify the main trends and patterns in the financial services market, as well as to determine the vector for further development of financial ecosystems formed using artificial intelligence tools. To achieve this goal such general scientific methods as theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, systems approach, etc. have been used.
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Gugnin, Oleksandr, and Julia Lisnevskaya. "Richard Sorge: Leading the Intelligence Network in Japan (1933-1941)." Grani 24, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172135.
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The public of the West learned about the activities of the outstanding Soviet intelligence agent Richard Sorge immediately after the end of the Second World War, thanks to the assessments of his activities in American sources. In the USSR, he became widely known only in 1964 thanks to Nikita Khrushchev. The article shows that the combination of personal and professional qualities of Sorge, ideological motivation allowed him to achieve outstanding results in intelligence activities. It is noted that under his leadership, illegal residencies in China, and then in Japan, received unique intelligence information, which helped the leadership and military command of the USSR to make informed political and military-strategic decisions. Richard Sorge was one of the most prominent intelligence officers in the history of the intelligence services. The authors describe facts that characterize the daily work of an intelligence officer: how he headed residencies in extremely difficult countries for work, successfully managed agent networks, personally conducted recruiting work, collected important intelligence information, analyzed it and prepared reports to Moscow. The organization of networks led by Sorge has been studied by many foreign intelligence services and has consistently been highly rated. In publications dedicated to Sorge, two approaches to creating his image are clearly traced, which is noted by the authors of the article. The first approach presents him as the archetype of a movie hero, agent and super spy, receiving classified information in alcoves and restaurants. It is designed for the general reader and first appeared in the West. Another image, partially ideologized and propagandistic, spread in the USSR and East Germany. He presented Richard as a knight of the revolution without fear or reproach. In this article, the authors made an attempt to create a real and objective assessment of his activities, in particular in Japan. The authors of the article, using Western and new Russian sources, have chosen the method of historical psychology in order to represent the way of thinking of this outstanding person and connect it with his actions in leading the group entrusted to him.
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Nehring, Christopher. "Active and Sharp Measures." Journal of Cold War Studies 23, no. 4 (2021): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_01038.
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Abstract During the Cold War, Bulgaria was a staunch ally of the Soviet Union, and the Bulgarian State Security (DS) service worked extremely closely with the Soviet State Security Committee (KGB) on a wide range of matters, including disinformation operations as well as “sharp measures”—abductions, sabotage, and, most notably, assassinations. Not until the Cold War ended and the DS archives in Bulgaria were made accessible were scholars able to explore these intelligence operations in great depth. Although the lack of access to the KGB's foreign intelligence collections in Yasenevo poses certain limits, the availability of DS collections, including many copies of KGB records, has been a gold mine for Western scholars of Cold War–era intelligence activities. Drawing mainly on Bulgarian archival sources, this article analyzes KGB-DS intelligence cooperation regarding disinformation and “sharp measures.” Among the topics covered are recently disclosed sources on the assassination of the dissident Bulgarian writer Georgi Markov in London 1978 and the assassination attempt against Pope John Paul II in May 1981. The article thus provides historical context for contemporary debates about Russian security services and their strategic use of disinformation and active measures.
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Joshi, Shashank. "The Prospects for EU-India Security Cooperation." European View 16, no. 2 (December 2017): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12290-017-0453-7.
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For Europe, four security challenges predominate: Russian revanchism, Islamist terrorism, the migrant crisis, and the associated problems of civil war and state collapse in the Middle East and North Africa. For India, the environment looks very different. Its two most important security challenges are cross-border terrorism from Pakistan-based militant groups, often sponsored by the Pakistani intelligence services, and the steady growth of China's economic and military presence along India's land and maritime borders, including as part of the Belt and Road Initiative. These differing priorities risk pushing Europe and India in different directions. India's hope is that an improved US-Russia relationship will create a thaw in Europe, allowing all parties—India, Europe and the US—to focus on addressing China's rise. But there is little sign of such a shift at present. However, there is considerable room for greater convergence on a range of issues, such as maritime security, Afghanistan and counterterrorism.
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Voytikov, Sergey S. "Materials of the Serpukhov Uezd Committee of the RCP(B) as a Source on the History of the Soviet Military Construction in 1918–19, on the “Stavka” Case on the “Conspiracy in the Field Staff” of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, and on the Reaction of the Bolshevik Leadership to the Explosion in Leontievsky Lane." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2020): 1168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-4-1168-1183.
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The Central State Archive of the City of Moscow (TsGA of Moscow) holds documents that expand existing notions on the Soviet military construction of 1918-19, the formation of military intelligence and counterintelligence in Soviet Russia, and the “third wave” of mass Red terror in 1919. These documents are mostly found in the seemingly insignificant fond of the Serpukhov uezd committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Since in the autumn 1918 – summer 1919, the Field Staff of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic was located in Serpukhov and its military commissar, head of the registration department, and founder of the Soviet military intelligence, S. I. Aralov actively worked in the Serpukhov uezd committee, the committee protocols are of great importance for studying the formation of the Red Army and its special services. The documents on admission to the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and party registration of the Field Staff senior officials, brothers Alexei and Pavel Vasiliev contain new information on the personnel continuity in the Operational Department of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs of the RSFSR and the Field Staff. Protocols of the reports of the old Bolshevik A.A. Antonov at sessions of the Serpukhov uezd bodies of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) clarify the existing notions on the calamity of June 1919, which took place on the eve of the events associated with the arrest of the first Commander-in-Chief of all the armed forces of the Republic J. J. V?cietis and some of his employees in July 1919, the cleaning of the Field Staff initiated by the old Bolshevik, longtime associate of Lenin S.I. Gusev who replaced S.I. Aralov at his posts. There are also documents containing information on the Bolshevik leadership reaction to the events related to the explosion in the building of the Moscow Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) on September 25, 1919, when 12 Bolsheviks were killed and 55 received wounds of varying severity. These materials complement and correct data from the documents stored in the federal archives, in particular, in the Russian State Military Archive, which keeps documents on the history of the Red Army in 1918-41. For instance, it turns out that it was decided to arrest the bourgeoisie and other “counter-revolutionaries” with their subsequent imprisonment in a concentration camp created specifically for this purpose in Serpukhov district.
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Makarov, A. V., N. Yu Gusevskaya, and A. S. Petrov. "Counteraction to High Treason in Russian Legislation of the Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 337–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-1-337-356.
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The problem of improving the criminal liability of the subjects of the Russian Empire at the end of the nineteenth century for espionage and spilling state secrets to a foreign state is considered. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of the problem under study for the effective functioning of the Russian state. The study is based on historical sources of a regulatory and legal nature and is interdisciplinary in nature. Particular attention is paid to the study of legal norms, the identification of the type and amount of punishments for the commission of espionage by Russian citizens and spilling the state secrets to a foreign state. It is indicated that in the second half of the 19th century, the intensity of intelligence of foreign secret services in the territory of the Russian Empire increased. It is noted that more and more often foreign powers involved Russian subjects in the process of obtaining Russian secrets. At the same time, the analysis of the sources made it possible to reveal a sufficient limitation of the institution of counteracting espionage and disclosure of state secrets to foreign states in the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century. It is proved that it was precisely these phenomena at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries that determined the authorities’ desire to progressively improve legal mechanisms that counteract threats and challenges to national security.
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Gvozdeva, Olga, Elena Kolbneva, Yulia Sinitsa, Marina Smirnova, and Ilya Chuksin. "Development of a digital model for public administration quality of real estate in the Russian Federation based on international experience." SHS Web of Conferences 116 (2021): 00013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111600013.
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The authors studied the issues of recent changes in the system of state management of real estate.According to the authors it is necessary to use digital technologies of big data, neurotechnologies, artificial intelligence, new production technologies, and distributed registry systems for the formation of a digital economy.This will allow defining digitalization as the main source of long-term economic growth. The authors analyzed scientific research on the competition for global digitalization trends and determined the following: mobile Internet, e-commerce, artificial intelligence, however Blockchain technologies and visual identity are considered to be more promising and breakthrough trends. In order to assess the growth rate of the digital economy in the Russian Federation, the authors conduct the analysis in the studied area on the basis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of foreign leading countries. The authors come to the conclusion that the main result of digitalization is the increase in revenue, the increase in the speed of provision of services and their quality and the decrease in resource intensity.
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Odegov, Yuri, Valentina Pavlova, and Lubov Telennaya. "Unconditional Basic Income: Whether the Russian Labor Market Is Ready To Perceive This?" Level of Life of the Population of the Regions of Russia 16, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2020.16.4.6.
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Today, the development of human capital follows the same approaches that have been used since the mid-twentieth century, in a completely different economic and social context. But the rapid development of the remote mode of work, freelancing, and self-employment radically change the organization of their activities. Robots and artificial intelligence perform only a small part of the work today. As the pace of automation increases, the number of employees will decrease. Moreover, it has become easier both technologically and legally. Remote work is now officially recognized, and its terms will be officially spelled out in the employment contract. The article is devoted to the issue of the possible introduction of unconditional basic income (UBI) in the practice of social services and employment services. The unconditional basic income (UBI) is considered today as a regular state payment of a certain amount of money to each member of society, regardless of where they worked or whether they worked at all. The article analyzes the trends in the labour market and their impact on the transition to the concept of unconditional basic income of the UBI. These trends are confirmed by the results of research on various aspects of this problem. Special attention is paid to the impact of the 4th industrial revolution of the 6th TU on employment, as the main condition that ensures the transition to the establishment of the UBI
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Ryzhkova, Marina, Ekaterina Soboleva, Anastasia Sazonova, and Mikhail Chikov. "Consumers’ Perception of Artificial Intelligence in Banking Sector." SHS Web of Conferences 80 (2020): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208001019.
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In the article, we analyze the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on banking development. Banks implement AI to provide digital assistance and financial advice to clients, measure their financial standing etc. The paper also includes cases of the AI solutions marketing and some ideas of brand-new banking AI-based services. Despite the rapid spreading of AI across the different spheres, its efficiency is based, primarily, on consumers` attitude and loyalty to this technology. Our research shows that Russian business and consumers perceive AI in a positive light. Sberbank specialists have a positive attitude to the AI implementation in their work, consider these solutions as assistance in performing routine operations and are not afraid of dismissals. They use AI solutions both at work and in everyday life. The emerging fears are associated with possible technical failure, unauthorized transmission of personal data, lack of privacy, and unexpected consequences of AI implementation. However, in general, experts understand that the future of the financial sector is connected with this technology. According to Sberbank employees, consumers tend to demonstrate a certain level of mistrust to AI, which could result from misunderstanding of how this technology works, and what impact it has on their ways of life. Meanwhile, the level of AI resistance from both sides decreases with time. Therefore, state and financial mediators could create necessary conditions for banking development based on modern technologies.
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Vasiliev, Anton A., and Yulia V. Pechatnova. "The Position of the Artificial Intelligence Among the Elements of the Legal Relationship." Digital Law Journal 1, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.38044/2686-9136-2020-1-4-74-83.
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The development of artificial intelligence necessitates the legal regulation of social relations associated with the use of new technologies. Today, fragmented regulatory regulation is noted in Russian law, expressed, as the rule, in strategic documents in which artificial intelligence technologies are reflected as cross-cutting technologies that contribute to the development of the digital economy. The purpose of this work is to determine the place of artificial intelligence among the elements of legal relations, which is seen as necessary for building the model of legal regulation of artificial intelligence. The research methodology is based on the set of methods of scientific knowledge, including abstract logical, formal legal and the method of correlation analysis. The article analyzes approaches to determining the place of artificial intelligence in the structure of legal relations. The scientific discussion is that some authors attribute artificial intelligence to the variety of objects of legal regulation; other authors admit that it is possible to consider artificial intelligence as the specific subject of law. As the result of research, the authors come to the conclusion that today artificial intelligence should be classified as the type of objects of legal regulation. In conclusion, the work also evaluates the possibilities and measures of the participation of artificial intelligence in legal activities. The authors come to the conclusion that today the cognitive potential of artificial intelligence has not yet reached the level of development that allowed it to repeat the thought processes of the lawyer in resolving the legal dispute. At the same time, artificial intelligence has tremendous potential to become the irreplaceable technological “assistant” for the lawyer, contributing to the improvement of the quality and efficiency of legal services.
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ZHURAVEL, VALERY P. "NEW THREATS TO RUSSIA’S NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE ARCTIC: PROBLEMS OF COUNTERACTION." Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 226, no. 6 (2020): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2020-226-6-85-98.
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The article reveals real and potential threats to the national security of the Russian Federation in the Arctic region by the NATO. According to the author, these include: the strengthening of the military presence in the Arctic of the Arctic Ocean coastal States and other NATO countries; the increase in the combat capabilities of groups of coalition and national Armed Forces (Navy) of the United States and NATO; the development of naval-based missile defences and early warning systems; the expansion of the United States military satellite constellation to the Arctic; increased activity by the special services of foreign states in conducting intelligence activities in the Arctic and in the frontier territory of the Russian Federation; conduct of multinational military exercises and transfer of combat training areas to the Arctic; the desire of a number of foreign countries to give the Northern Sea Way the status of an international transport highway, and of the Norwegian leadership to change the status of Spitsbergen, to reduce and eventually completely displace the Russian Federation from the archipelago; increasing attempts to discredit the activities of the Russian Federation in the Arctic. The article discusses the measures of the Russian Federation to strengthen the defensive capability in the Arctic direction, paying special attention to the protection of its sovereignty and territorial integrity.
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Zhutyaeva, S. A., and T. A. Lysova. "Trends in the Development of Electronic Document Management: Prospects, Problems, Opportunities." Economics and Management 27, no. 12 (December 26, 2021): 963–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2021-12-963-970.
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Aim. The presented study aims to determine the role and place of electronic document management in the corporate system of Russian enterprises, outlining the prospects for its development.Tasks. The authors examine the legislative acts of the Russian Federation on the prospects for the implementation of electronic document management; assess the impact of the pandemic on the digitalization of document management; analyze the business costs of paper document management; identify the advantages of using electronic document management and promising technologies in document processing.Methods. This study uses theoretical and empirical research methods. The dialectic method is used to determine the role, significance, and legal status of electronic document management. Through a logical approach, the essence of such concepts as 'electronic document' and 'electronic document management' is identified.Results. The study presents directions for the development of electronic document management using blockchain technology, which will improve workflows by processing, sorting, exchanging data and documents protected from unauthorized access, and artificial intelligence, which can help organizations process documents faster by simplifying operational procedures. Obstacles that prevent companies from actively using electronic document management are identified. These include additional investment, time costs, and reorganization of management. The volume of innovative services is analyzed by the type of economic activity, and the costs of creating, storing, and processing paper documents are considered.Conclusions. Recent trends in legislation indicate the government's firm commitment to the speedy introduction of electronic document management in Russia. Its use frees up a lot of resources, including time, labor, and finances. The 2020 pandemic has emphasized the importance of digitalizing business processes to ensure their continuity in unforeseen situations. Integrated into the automation of work processes, blockchain technology will ensure the protection of information from unauthorized tampering. Artificial intelligence will open up new opportunities for processing electronic documents.
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Jilkine, Vladimir Alekseevich. "Legal Basis for the Performance of International Obligations on Readmission in the Russian Federationand the Republic of Finla." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 6, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18481.
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Readmission agreements are international obligations affecting substantially the rights and freedoms of individuals and citizens. The increase in the number of victims of terrorist acts and the flow of migrants to Europe have revealed the urgent need to build a new migration policy common for the whole of Europe and to strengthen the counter- terrorism cooperation of intelligence services, including between Western countries and Russia, along with realization of international commitments on readmission. The act of signing the Readmission agreement as well as the executive protocol on the order of implementation of this agreement by the Russian Federation and the European Community has become a significant step in developing the mechanisms to counteract illegal migration. The sources used in the article include the fundamental legal documents in the sphere of securing human rights, the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the European Union directives, the national legislative acts of the Russian Federation and Finland, the readmission agreements and executive protocols. The article highlights the legal and conceptual aspects of the readmission institute and the relevant international agreements. The author has undertaken the analysis of the Russian and Finnish legislation on readmission, has suggested recommendations for further improvement of the regulatory legal and organizational framework in this area for efficient implementation of readmission agreements concluded by the Russian Federation and the Republic of Finland, and at the same time, on the measures to respect human rights. Readmission, from the point of view of international practice, is only a technical mechanism used in realization of a decision to forcibly deport a foreign citizen or stateless person from the territory of a state. The world practice of combating illegal migration has shown high efficiency of readmission agreements making possible to deport migrants with unsettled legal status to the states of their citizenship or permanent residence within a limited time.
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Gerasimenko, Valentina, and Elena Slepenkova. "Transformation of Methods and Tools of Competitive Analysis in the Digital Economy." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2019, no. 6 (December 30, 2019): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/013001052019610.
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The article deals with the transformation processes of competitive analysis methods under the influence of digital economy, the development of electronic markets and communications. It is shown that the development of market strategies requires a new methodology and structure of analytical tools to obtain valuable results about competitors and consumers in different markets. The proposed approach to competitive analysis is based on the methodology of integrated use of all business intelligence blocks: big data Analytics, content analysis, web Analytics, mobile Analytics. New Internet services and platforms that allow for effective competitive analysis are evaluated. On the basis of surveys about readiness of Russian management to use digital technologies in market research, recommendations on the directions of development of educational programs in Russian universities are formulated. The article is based on the results of the authors ‘ presentations and discussions at the scientific seminar on digital economy held in 2018-2019 at the faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow state University.
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Baksht, D. A. "Japanese phrasebook in the service of the gendarmes: use by the Russian imperial intelligence services of a textbook by I. Kurono and V. P. Panaev (1913)." Northern Archives and Expeditions 3, no. 4 (December 24, 2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31806/2542-1158-2019-3-4-7-12.
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Noordenbos, Boris. "Seeing the Bigger Picture: Conspiratorial Revisions of World War II History in Recent Russian Cinema." Slavic Review 77, no. 2 (2018): 441–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2018.130.
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This article analyzes revisions of World War II history in recent Russian cinema and television, including the feature filmThe Match(Andrei Maliukov, 2012),Spy (Aleksei Andrianov, 2012), and the television seriesLiquidation(Sergei Ursuliak, 2007). All these productions rely on the logic of conspiracy theory for their reimaginations of war history: pivotal developments during the war or its aftermath are presented as the result of subterranean manipulations by enemies or intelligence services. Through a narrative and visual analysis, the article shows how these films and series use the notion of conspiracy to reformat the contexts of wartime events and to place them within a speculative “bigger picture.” In doing so, they infer that what we know about the past is merely a part or effect of larger, hidden designs. Finally, the article situates these findings within a wider “reconciliation with the Soviet” in Putin-era culture, which increasingly centers on the remembrance of World War II.
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Stelzl-Marx, Barbara. "Death to Spies! Austrian Informants for Western Intelligence Services and Soviet Capital Punishment during the Occupation of Austria." Journal of Cold War Studies 14, no. 4 (October 2012): 167–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00279.
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Using recently declassified sources from Russian archives, this article discusses the status of the Soviet-controlled eastern zone of Austria during the postwar occupation (1945–1955) as a principal spying ground in Central Europe. The Western occupation powers hired many Austrians to gather information on the deployments of the Soviet Army and the Soviet authorities' exploitation of the “German assets” they had seized at war's end. The Austrians' principal incentive to spy was financial; they were well paid by their Western handlers. Austrian women had love affairs with Soviet soldiers and officers and then served as double agents for the West until the Soviet counterintelligence services caught up with them. From 1947 onward, some 500 Austrians disappeared after being detained by Soviet state security personnel and accused of spying. More than 100 of these Austrians were sentenced to death by Soviet Military Tribunal No. 28990 in Baden from 1950 until Iosif Stalin's death in March 1953, and they were then executed in Moscow. In retrospect the mismatch between the actions of these Austrian “spies” and the penalties meted out to them is striking. The Soviet penal system was exported to occupied areas during the Cold War in intelligence “games” against the West, with tragic consequences for “Stalin's last victims.”
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Vlasenko, V. M., and Е. А. Murashko. "COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE SPECIAL INFORMATION SERVICE (based on Hnat Porokhivsky’s archive-investigative case materials)." Sums'ka Starovyna (Ancient Sumy Land), no. 56 (2020): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/starovyna.2020.56.2.
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The lack of the scientific literature concerning the Intelligence Service of Romania (Special Information Service) is stated. Only some references to the activities of the Intelligence Service of Romania on the territory of Ukraine are mentioned in the isolated publications. The authors used the documents and materials from Hnat Porokhivsky’s archive-investigative case which is kept in the Sectoral State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine. The materials mentioned above are representative and fill the gap in the issue concerning the structure of the Special Information Service of Romania and provide a certain indication about its composition. The fact that Hnat Porokhivsky was a colonel of the UNR Army and the leader of the Ukrainian military emigration in Romania is mentioned. Hnat Porokhivsky’s main biographical milestones, his socio-political and military activities are covered. His organizational skills, professional knowledge in the sphere of secret service, and counterespionage were used by the Intelligence Service of Romania. Not being a citizen of Romania, he made a valuable contribution to the process of the Romanian secret service development. The Special Information Service had a complicated multi-stage structure with the an extensive network of intelligence centers, sub-centers, rezidenturas, agents, and support divisions on the territories of both Romania and the Soviet Union on the eve of World War II. Different intelligence units of the Special Information Service of Romania operated on the occupied territories of Ukraine from 1941 to 1944. The central authorities and regional offices heads’ and staff members’ surnames (sometimes pseudonyms) are specified. From the authors’ point of view, the most promising studies are those ones of the Intelligence Service of Romania espionage, counterespionage and propagandistic activities, Ukrainian and Russian immigrants’ participation in this process, and Special Information Service cooperation with secret services of Germany and Japan. Keywords: intelligence (secret) service, Hnat Porokhivsky, rezidentura, Romania, Special Information Service, Ukrainian emigration, center.
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Gorodetsky, V. I., V. B. Laryukhin, and P. O. Skobelev. "Conceptual Model of a Digital Platform for Cyber-Physical Management of a Modern Enterprises. Part 2. Digital Services." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.387-397.
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The paper proposes conceptual model of a digital platform for cyber-physical management of manufacturing enterprises in the upcoming era of Industry 5.0, characterized by the vision of any business, including industrial production or logistics, as a complex adaptive system built on fundamental principles of self-organization and evolution, as well as interaction of artificial intelligence systems and people. The first part discusses principles of building a digital platform that can support operation of an enterprise within Industry 5.0 as a digital ecosystem of smart services. This part of the paper proposes typing of vasic platform services, lists the minimum set of services of each type, and gives description of their functionality. It also substantiates the leading role of multi-agent systems as a basic software architecture and technology for developing applications of the digital eco-systems. The paper provides examples of digital platforms and ecosystems of smart services for management of cargo transportation of the Russian Railways on the principles of "uberisation", life cycle of complex technical products, as well as enterprises of the plant-growing industry. It is shown that results are applicable to modern industrial corporations and enterprises in industry and agriculture, logistics, design, consulting and service.
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Zverev, V. O., and O. G. Polovnikov. "Secret Agents of the Russian Gendarmerie in the Fight against Espionage at the Beginning of the First World War." Modern History of Russia 10, no. 4 (2020): 892–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2020.405.
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The article discusses the limited intelligence capabilities of the gendarmerie departments of the Warsaw Governor General (Lomzinska, Warsaw, Kielce, Lublin, and Radom provinces) in the fight against German and Austrian spies in the second half of 1914 and the first half of 1915. One reason for the secret police’s lack of readiness is the reluctance of the gendarmerie-police authorities to organize counter-response work on an appropriate basis. The rare, fragmentary, and not always valuable information received by agents of the investigating authorities did not allow the gendarmes to organize full-scale and successful operational work on a subordinate territory to identify hidden enemies of the state. The low potential, and, in some cases, the complete uselessness of secret service personnel for the interests of the military wanted list led to the fact that most politically disloyal persons were accidentally identified by other special services. In most cases, spies were detected either due to information from army intelligence and counterintelligence agencies, or due to the vigilance of military personnel of the advanced units of the Russian army. The authors conclude that the gendarmerie departments were unable to organize a systematic operational escort of military personnel of the Russian armies deployed in the Warsaw Military District. Despite the fact that the duty of the gendarmerie police included not only criminal procedures, but also operational searches, there was no qualified identification of spies with the help of secret officers.
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Kostyukova, K. S. "Digital Transformation Policy in Japan: the Case of Artificial Intelligence." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 516–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2019.10.4.516-529.
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Purpose: this article includes the review of the Japanese policy on the national economy Digital Transformation, using the case of implementation of artificial intelligence for production and services, description and analysis of the current results, as well as identification of obstacles to achieve the expected results. Methods: the article is based on the analysis of scientific and analytical materials to the problem of research. The factual basis is the framework documents of the Cabinet of Japan, media, reports on research conducted by Japanese research institutes. Results: the article provides a brief review and analysis of the Japanese public policy of the development of AI technology, summarizes the interim results of the measures taken, identifies problematic factors that prevent the achievement of the expected results. The hypothesis is put forward about the insufficiency of government efforts to monitor and analyze the activities already implemented, the lack of practice of taking into account failures in the formation of new programs and projects. Recently, significant attention to the development of AI technology is paid in Russia. In 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved the "National strategy for the development of AI until 2030". It is expected that the using of digital technologies, will increase the competitiveness of the national economy, improve the welfare of society. In this regard, the study of Japan's experience as one of the technological leaders in the development and using of digital transformation, is especially important. Conclusions and Relevance: To solve the current socio-economic problems, Japan government relies on the development of the advanced technologies. At the same time, the government continues to develop measures to stimulate the cooperation of the academic and industrial sectors to conduct joint R&D on priority technologies. However, due to the "closed" nature of Japanese corporations and the relative independence of government plans in determining the technological priorities development, the corporate sector is reluctant to follow government recommendations on the using new technologies in management and production processes, as well as joint projects with the academic sector are not large-scale and are rather formal. This situation indicates the continuing unpreparedness of key NIS participants for the perception of the advanced technologies and digital transformation.
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Matveychev, O. A. "Totalitarian Sects within the Current Political Processes." Orthodoxia, no. 1 (September 4, 2021): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.53822/2712-9276-2021-1-1-92-110.
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This article studies the phenomenon of totalitarian sects entering politics. It concerns the participation of totalitarian sects in the political processes and election campaigns with the aim of getting into power, as well as the attempts of some political figures to rely on the infrastructure of totalitarian sects in order to promote themselves in the ruling structures. The author summarizes the works of Russian and international social thinkers and religious scholars, studying totalitarian sects as a relatively new social and religious phenomenon, supplementing and developing their findings. In particular, the following features are recognized as the key characteristics of totalitarian sects. A relatively recent foundation — usually with the founder still alive. A charismatic leader — the founder or successor, who has unquestionable authority. Closed information environment, filtering any external information signals. Careful regulation of the adherents' life, as well as their double code language, allowing them to recognize others in a “friend-or-foe” mode, which likens totalitarian sects to criminal communities. A rigid hierarchy that doses information about the organizations' goals to its members at different levels of initiation; adherents' compulsory financial participation and preaching activities. The author analyzes the promotion of totalitarian sects in politics using examples from Ukrainian and Russian political practices of the post-Soviet period. In particular, he studies the political activities of such structures as the Livets Ord (lit. “Word of Life”) Baptist Church, the Scientology Church, the Embassy of God sect (Sunday Adelaja), the Unification Church (Sun Myung Moon), the Living Word Baptist Church, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, the Last Covenant Church, Slavic neopagan groups and radical Islamist sects. The network community formed around the Alexei Navalny's Anti-Corruption Foundation also possesses the attributes of a totalitarian sect. Particular attention is paid to specific examples of the political involvement of totalitarian sects and their influence at different levels of government in Ukraine and in the Russian Federation, as well as the resulting damage. Considering the scale of totalitarian sects' activities in Russia — hundreds of such organizations are involved, up to 1 million people in total — the author emphasizes their use by foreign intelligence services, which poses a threat to Russia's national security.
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Tsvetkova, Anna B., and Anatoliy V. Shishkin. "Evaluation of the digital medicine perception by the youth consumer segment." Statistics and Economics 15, no. 6 (January 16, 2019): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2018-6-46-57.
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The purpose of the study is to assess the perception of various aspects of digital medicine by the youth segment of consumers, the degree of readiness to consume its services and the level of involvement in this process. The last few years have become a turning point for medicine, if we talk about the number of new directions, emerging techniques and the introduction of digital technologies. Digital medicine uses information and communication technologies to solve health problems of different groups of patients. Its capabilities help doctors and patients to analyze the development of the disease, calculate health risks. The segment of medical gadgets of digital medicine offers consumers a variety of products. Artificial intelligence and wearable devices are becoming common means of organizing the treatment process and monitoring the human condition. Young people, as a rule, more actively perceive any novelties and include еthem in their daily life. Is it really so? If we consider Russian young consumers, since foreign experience indicates their rather high interest.Materials and methods of research. The presented study of the perception of the youth audience and readiness to use digital medicine is based on the methodology, proposed by the venture Fund Rock Health, dedicated to digital health. This Fund conducts research, aimed at improving the quality, safety and accessibility of modern medicine. The study is conducted by online survey of consumers who have access to the Internet at home, at work or through cell phones. The questionnaire was adapted for the Russian target audience. The results of the research of the consulting company Accenture, which regularly studies the trends in the consumption of medical technologies with the use of artificial intelligence, robotics and gadgets for self-diagnosis, were used as a factual basis. Data of research of the analytical company CB Insights, forming annual forecasts about the changes in healthcare, and also materials of joint research of the company Econsultancy and the developer of IT technologies for medicine Adobe are considered. The article presents some data of the report of the American company Change Healthcare, which has a strategic partnership with Google Cloud.Results of the research on the one hand, show the high involvement of young people in the field of digital technologies. The survey includes 380 respondents, 89% are smartphone users and 83% regularly visit social networks. However, they are quite wary of digital medicine, requiring the control of personal data. They trust their doctor more than mobile apps and Internet resources; they are reluctant to buy wearables, little understanding of what is telemedicine. They are limited to searching for medical information on the Internet only about services, doctors, medicine and treatment technologies to find out general information.Conclusion. The content analysis shows that digital medicine is becoming a popular trend in the development of modern healthcare. New technologies are being introduced, the key areas of development of which are focused on the Internet of things for medicine (IoT), artificial intelligence, mobile apps, genome editing, telemedicine, blockchain projects and cloud computing. The Russian market is slowly developing. Young consumers are not yet active in the consumption of digital health services and products. The key reasons for this are low awareness of the benefits and concerns about the security of the personal data.
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Korovkina, Alina, Alexander Kolosov, Inna Pereslavtseva, and Kirill Sklyarov. "Prospects for the development and use of innovative technologies in the housing and communal services sector." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124406003.
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In the modern world, the process of innovative transformation of the housing and communal services (HCS) sector is taking place with active steps. The latest technical developments are used to improve the quality of life of the population, which are aimed at a comprehensive modernization of the entire structure of HCS and reducing the wear of systems. One of the most important stages is the introduction of innovative technologies through the use of the Internet of Things, big data processing. The objects of innovative development are smart platforms, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and a quantum computer. Investors can help these innovations. Therefore, the importance of the issue of integrating modern technological innovations has great prospects for the maintenance and development of housing and communal services. The paper studies the current perspective of using the latest developments in the field of HCS, mainly aimed at improving the quality of life of the country’s population. The possibility of attracting investors as the main assistants for the successful implementation of innovative projects was also considered. The sphere of HCS is a promising platform for creating profitability of innovative projects, achieving an improvement in the quality of life of the population. It is of high importance for many sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation.
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Trukhanovich, E. V. "THE 1986 SOVIET-AMERICAN SUMMIT IN REYKJAVIK." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. History Sciences 4, no. 1 (2022): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2658-4816-2021-4-1-83-95.
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The article is devoted to one of the most important summits at the highest level at the end of the Cold War. During the implementation of the renewed Soviet international policy of New Thinking, the American side was apprehensive about taking reciprocal steps aimed at breaking the bipolar structure of the world. Many obstacles had to be overcome by both the USSR and the USA: mutual distrust that had been developing for several decades, insufficient coordination within the administrations of diplomatic missions, loud statements by independent American media, contradictory situations in the intelligence services, etc. The author of the article pays attention to the espionage scandal that took place on the eve of the upcoming meeting, which significantly slowed down the negotiation process. She has studied in detail the documentary materials of the US State Archive of National Security, which provided an opportunity to cover the events of 1986 in a more multifaceted and accurate way. The article contains references to the publication of US intelligence reports to the president, as well as a personal letter from Mikhail Gorbachev to R. Reagan, which is known to the Russian scientific world only as recorded from Gorbachev's words. An analysis of the 1986 Reykjavik meeting is based on English-language documents as well as archival video materials from the Reagan Presidential Library. Memoirs of eyewitnesses of the summit made it possible to trace the historical and psychological aspects of the negotiations. The author used the personal diary of President R. Reagan and the complete edition of the memoirs of Secretary of State J. Schultz, which have not yet been translated into Russian, that made it possible to give a more accurate picture of the motives and fears of the White House on the eve of the Soviet-American meeting in 1986.
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Bobylov, Yu. "Does Russia Need Establishing Foreign Economic Intelligence Service?" Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2003): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-4-123-134.
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The increasing role of foreign intelligence and industrial espionage in order to improve competitiveness of Russian business is noted in the article. In the author's view, Russia's WTO accession requires application of protective secret managing technologies. The establishment of a new Russian special service - the intelligence unit in the structure of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade is proposed which will be able to perform important functions under conditions of Russia's growing integration in the world economy.
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Aliyev, Tigran T. "LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 41 (2021): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/41/11.
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More recently, the idea of a robot among laypeople was at the level of an "exhibition piece" that had little or no connection to real life, but rather was part of a theoretically possible future. But with the passage of time and the development of technology, artificial intelligence has been introduced into people's everyday lives: smartphones, robots that help and facilitate human life, electronic assistants in various kinds of services. At the same time, the relation-ship between robots and humans is still largely unregulated by law. The probability of unpre-dictable consequences is growing exponentially. In order to reduce the risk of such adverse consequences, the need for legal regulations plays a key role, the content of which is being reviewed and developed by leading lawyers and engineers. The Industrial Revolution changed the very notion of the ways and means of production in the minds of the masses in such a way that the process of robotisation and the introduction of artificial intelligence into various spheres of life became inevitable. Later on it was under-stood that human influence on production process began to decrease noticeably and was re-placed by programs, which with the help of digital algorithms determined behavior of robots and character of artificial intellect thinking. Russian legislation faced the task of legal assess-ment of the nature of artificial intelligence and regulation of its use. The article analyzes possible ways of disclosing the concept "artificial intelligence" as a legal category and its correlation to the concept "robot", deals with questions of legal respon-sibility for the work of artificial intelligence, studies the possibility of recognition of a robot possessing artificial intelligence as a subject of law. Purpose of work is to propose ways of legislation development in conditions of digitalisa-tion and introduction of artificial intelligence in everyday life. The topic of legal regulation of artificial intelligence and robotics is investigated on a scientific basis. The scientific basis of this article was formed on the basis of scientific works of foreign scientists (Higgins T., Musk I., Calo R., Frumkin A.M., Kerr I., Pagallo W., Walker J.). The scientific development of the content of this article was based on general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, statistics, induction and deduction, interpretation, classification and comparative methods.
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Chernyshova, Polina S., and Vyacheslav V. Burlakov. "PLATFORMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINANCIAL MARKET IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY." Science and art of management / Bulletin of the Institute of Economics, Management and Law of the Russian State University for the Humanities, no. 2 (2021): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2782-2222-2021-2-91-99.
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Significant changes taking place in the economic life of the state and society are associated with the active and widespread development and spread of the digital economy. The Internet, personal computers, smartphones, mobile communications, artificial intelligence, robotics and much more have become an integral part of the life of our society. The digital economy development has a significant impact both on the economy as a whole and on its individual segments: the engineering and technology development is accelerating, the boundaries between various fields of activity are blurring and significant changes in the activities of enterprises and workers are taking place. Thanks to digitalization, it became possible to identify various risks which are associated with activities and which can have a negative impact on the development of the entire financial market. One of the markets actively involved in the development of digital technologies is the financial market, which is a combination of the credit, investment, insurance, and stock sectors. In fact, the financial market is a significant indicator of the state of the entire Russian economy. In connection with the above, it is not accidental in the strategy of the Bank of Russia that it strives to develop platforms for the “digitalization” of the financial market. The development of platforms is necessary to create a competitive and trusting environment in the financial market, to maintain its stable financial condition, as well as to ensure the capital and financial services availability. In addition, the development of such platforms provides significant economic and financial benefits for variSignificant changes taking place in the economic life of the state and society are associated with the active and widespread development and spread of the digital economy. The Internet, personal computers, smartphones, mobile communications, artificial intelligence, robotics and much more have become an integral part of the life of our society. The digital economy development has a significant impact both on the economy as a whole and on its individual segments: the engineering and technology development is accelerating, the boundaries between various fields of activity are blurring and significant changes in the activities of enterprises and workers are taking place. Thanks to digitalization, it became possible to identify various risks which are associated with activities and which can have a negative impact on the development of the entire financial market. One of the markets actively involved in the development of digital technologies is the financial market, which is a combination of the credit, investment, insurance, and stock sectors. In fact, the financial market is a significant indicator of the state of the entire Russian economy. In connection with the above, it is not accidental in the strategy of the Bank of Russia that it strives to develop platforms for the “digitalization” of the financial market. The development of platforms is necessary to create a competitive and trusting environment in the financial market, to maintain its stable financial condition, as well as to ensure the capital and financial services availability. In addition, the development of such platforms provides significant economic and financial benefits for various participants in the financial market, which will positively affect the entire economy development.