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1
Starikova, Nadezhda N. "Galina Yakovlevna Ilyina: On the occasion of her 90th Birthday." Slavic Almanac, no. 3-4 (2020): 519–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2020.3-4.8.01.
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Galina Yakovlevna Ilyina is an outstanding Russian literary critic specializing in Yugoslav literatures. A researcher of the history and typology of the literatures of the South Slavs, she devoted her whole life to their study and popularization. Thanks to her efforts, the development of the literary process of the Bulgarian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Croatian and Montenegrin literature has acquired a complex and systematic character in our country. Galina Yakovlevna can rightfully be considered the founder of the academic school of literary Yugoslav studies in Russia, the academic personnel trained by her are currently successfully continuing to develop the themes and problems of the literatures of the Yugoslav and post-Yugoslavian space. Galina Yakovlevna became the first Yugoslav literary critic in the Russian Federation who was awarded the academic title of Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the qualification Literature of the Peoples of Foreign Countries.
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Морозова, Надежда, and Nadezhda Morozova. "The main interest of a memorial estate for modern people. Some aspects of the history of memorial estates in Russia." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 9, no. 2 (2015): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11400.
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The article is dedicated to some problems of museum activity and tourism. The main idea of the work is conception and development of a literature museum in memorial context. There is historical and analytic review of a real meaning of Russian country estate for poets and writers in the 19"1 century in the article as well as a cultural aspect: from the basement of the traditions in country estate life at the end of the 17"1 century, through its functions in the 18"1 century, and at the end presentation of country estate culture in the literature of golden age in Russia. The article classifies the structure of the memorial estate complex, observes Russian country estate evolution from the 18"1 till the early 20"´ century, defines several types of Russian country estate and its historical and current importance.
 
 A memorial estate or reserve museum activity represents a comprehensive approach which is realized by museum keepers, animators and guides. A special thing is an excursion for single visitors or family groups and individual programs. The article characterizes the activities of the literature memorial estate and defines a specialization of its projects. The State Tyutchev Memorial estate «Mouranovo» is considered as a unique museum represented in European tradition of memorial estate culture.
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Ryabova, Lyudmila K., and Maria I. Kosorukova. "Russian émigré life in France as covered by Soviet literary magazines of the first half of the 1920s." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 3 (2019): 605–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-3-605-618.
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The authors consider the problem in which extent did the Bolshevik authorities allow a coverage of Russian émigré life and work in France, under conditions of ideological confrontation and censorship. The present study is based on materials of Soviet literary and socio-political magazines such as Book and Revolution and Krasnaya Nov’ of the fi rst half of the 1920s. These journals off ered chronicles of events, literary reviews, information in special sections (‘In the West,’ ‘Relations with Russia,’ ‘Russian literature and art abroad,’ and particularly in the section ‘France’) that off ered a fairly complete picture of cultural events in France and activities of Russian émigrés in the country. Characteristic was the reproduction of large fragments of works authored by emigrant authors, which acquainted readers with the development of emigrant thought of that time. The article concludes that with regard to the fi rst half of the 1920s, we can speak about a kind of dialogue between the Russian intelligentsia in France and that in Soviet Russia. This communication was not always politicized and often remained in the fi eld of literature and art theory. In those years the cultural life of France in general was subject of constant attention. It is argued that most publications on French literature and art were free from ideology, thereby continuing the tradition of pre-revolutionary cultural relations between the two countries.
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Karpushkina, Anna V., and Maria S. Pankratova. "Strategy for obesity prevention among school-age children (literature review)." Problems of Endocrinology 62, no. 2 (2016): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl201662252-60.
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Obesity is one of major threats to people health and life. It increases risk of many diseases, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, and several cancers. This is a serious problem for the Russian Federation. Half of adults in our country are considered to be overweight or obese. However, to assess objectively the prevalence of this pathology in children is very difficult. At present in Russia there is no single universally accepted system for child anthropometry. Several studies in Russian regions found that about 10% of children were overweight and obese. Main risk factors of obesity in intrauterine and perinatal periods: mother smoking during pregnancy, child accelerated weight gain during the first months of life, formula feeding and early complementary feeding. In older children main risk factors are high-calorie foods, lack of exercise and sedative behaviour. International expert community has defined preventive strategies that will support elimination of child obesity. These strategies include implementation of child development assessment system with body mass index measurement in accordance with the World Health Organization guidelines; training primary pediatricians on using this assessment system and effective obesity prevention counseling; and school-based obesity prevention programs. Physicians and teachers must understand how important obesity prevention for child health. Health and education stakeholders should actively support these preventive measures and ensure universal access to physical exercises and healthy diet in schools. Alfa-Endo Program will assist all these initiatives.
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Yakovenko, Natalya V. "A Textbook Pointing the Way to the Russian Classics." Two centuries of the Russian classics 3, no. 1 (2021): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2021-3-1-284-293.
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The article is a review of the textbook in two parts under the title “Russian literature of the 19th century” by the well-known literary scholar Doctor of Philology Yuri Vladimirovich Lebedev. A brief description of the publication, its structure, some of the problems raised by the author, and the basic concept of the textbook continuing the whole line of the author's books published for schoolchildren and students are given. Yu. V. Lebedev emphasizes the uniqueness of the path of Russian literature, a special mission that has always been with our writers — to be spiritual authorities, especially in the most difficult times of our country. In this textbook presents not only the personalities of poets and writers. The author of the textbook also shows the integral literary process of the 19th century closely connected with philosophical thought in Russia and the life of society. In his textbooks Yu. V. Lebedev for the first time in the post-reform period in Russia speaks so vividly and accurately about the reviving and transforming power of Russian classical literature.
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Chepelevskaya, Tatyana. "From the history of Slovene studies in Russia: Maya Ilinichna Ryzhova — life in science." Russian-Slovenian relations in the twentieth century, no. IV (2018): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2618-8562.2018.4.1.2.
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The article is devoted to the memory of M. I. Ryzhova, a representative of the older generation of Russian Slovenians, a wellknown literary critic, a translator who devoted his life to the study of literature and culture of Slovenia, the history of Russian-Slavic literary relations. The author traces the creative path of the famous scientist, explores her contribution to the Soviet and Russian Slavonic studies of the second half of XX ― early XXI centuries, singling out her translation activities, which greatly contributed to the popularization of Slovenian literature in our country. Creating a portrait of the scientist, the author relies on his personal impressions of meetings and conversations with M. I. Ryzhova.
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Mayor, Alisa Gayle, and Priscilla Roosevelt. "Life on the Russian Country Estate: A Social and Cultural History." Slavic and East European Journal 41, no. 4 (1997): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/309858.
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Andreeva, Ekaterina A. "An imaginary journey to an utopian anti-world (on the example of “The Tale of Luxurious Life and Fun”)." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 2 (2020): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-2-207-213.
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The Tale of a Luxurious Life and Fun is a late composition of Old Russian literature, it includes some references to European sources (including Polish and Ancient Roman literature). Democratic literature of the 17th century offered the readers to get acquainted with other characters and plots: a person who is not distinguished by virtues becomes the main character of the story, which deals with staying in an amazing country of luxury and fun and the way to this country. With special care, the author draws a possible and desirable life of a hawk and a lazy person in a utopian world, but warns about the cost of staying in such an amazing place. Parodying the genre of walking known in Old Russia, in which the pilgrim was enriched spiritually, the writer tells about a new type of travel that devalues and depersonalizes a person, deprives him of the possibility of development. The absence of direct edifying and didactic digressions, however, does not deprive the text of depth: the hero is given the opportunity to choose, and he has the right to decide how to behave and which path to choose.
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Seysenbayeva, Zh. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDENT'S LANGUAGE THROUGH LESSONS OF KAZAKH LITERATURE IN THE UPDATED CONTENT OF EDUCATION." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 75, no. 1 (2020): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.1728-7804.65.
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In the scientific article, a study of methods and methods of teaching Kazakh language and literature in schools with other languages was conducted. Through Kazakh stories, which are the main component of the educational content of Kazakh literature, ways of using it as a means of forming students ' worldview, attitude to life, and self-realization are determined. The purpose of teaching Kazakh literature in Russian schools is to introduce representatives of other nationalities to the rich literary heritage and history of the Kazakh people. The subject of literature helps to instill respect for the country in students who speak a different language. At the same time, it contributes to a deeper knowledge of the country, people around it, and a closer understanding of the life of the people. Each teacher is able to creatively and correctly organize work on the development of language in the lessons of the Kazakh language and literature, which creates conditions for the student to comprehensively understand the phenomena of everyday life, learn, and use what he has learned in spoken words.
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Averkina, Svetlana, Angelika Kalinina, and Tatiana Suchareva. "The German literature in American exile – great writers and their wives: perspectives from Russian scholars." SHS Web of Conferences 55 (2018): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185504018.
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The article focuses on the life and art of the famous Germane writers, namely Thomas Mann, Lion Feuchtwanger, and Franz Werfel. After the outbreak of WWII, when the Nazi forces invaded these lands, a lot of emigres managed to leave for the USA. For many of them, the escape route was extremely turbulent. The German writers in the USA settled closely together in California, forming a tight community. The famous Germane writers had to decide upon two principal questions: what they could do for the culture of their home country while staying in exile, and how to interact with the culture of the country where they live. In this connection, it is of great importance to analyze not their works, but the books of their wives. They took care of the house and children on a daily basis, as well as became secretaries, councilors, and closest associates of their great husbands. The authors also propose the main perspectives on a future research on this topic, focusing on the social and political phenomenon of “the community of German writers in American exile”, analyzing how the intellectual community was formed, discussing the documents of this age, studying the memories about their time in America in the context of the contemporary gender theory.
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Kontorovich, Vladimir. "The Russian health crisis and the economy." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 34, no. 2 (2001): 221–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(01)00003-4.
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Russia experienced a severe health crisis in the 1990s, as reflected by a drop in life expectancy. It has been suggested in literature that this poor state of health is likely to endure and will significantly retard economic growth in the country. This paper uses evidence from other former Communist countries and studies of income–health relationship across economies to evaluate these claims. It concludes that the mortality increases of 1988–94 and 1999–2000 were the effects, rather than causes, of the economic recession. The state of health is unlikely to put a brake on future economic growth.
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Потапова, Екатерина, and Ekaterina Potapova. "Life and existence of estate «Mouranovo»." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 9, no. 2 (2015): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11403.
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The article covers the history of a unique «nest of the gentry» of the 19"1 century, located in Moscow region. This country estate is connected to the two outstanding Russian classical poets - E. Boratynsky and F. Tyutchev. For over a hundred years Mouranovo belonged to members of four famous families, who contributed greatly to the treasury of Russian culture and particularly to Russian literature. The author dwells on the life of the Engelgardts, the Boratynskys, the Putyatas and the Tyutchevs in Mouranovo from 1816 till 1920. Special emphasis is made on the everlasting significance of keeping family and cultural traditions from generation to generation, so typical of the mode of life in patrimonies. The contents of the article offers to the reader another opportunity to appreciate the cultural stratum lost forever together with the phenomenon of the noble estates. The author also gives credit to Tyutchev´s grandson and great grandson for the restoration of the original image of the estate house in Mouranovo and quotes some comments of distinguished contemporaries on the museum founded by these two persons.
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Metelyova, Olesya A. "Forming the phenomenon of the "country estate text" of Russian literature in the poetry of Vasily Maykov and his contemporaries." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 4 (2018): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2019-25-4-83-87.
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The study is devoted to the complex analysis of Vasily Maikov’s "Ode to Count Zakhar Tchernyshov...". This work can be considered one of the key poems in the process of forming the country estate poetry in Russian literature. Vasily Maykov’s poem is regarded as a literary dialogue with the works of his contemporaries – Aleksey Rzhevskiy and Mikhail Kheraskov. Vasily Maykov continues to develop motifs of peace, the golden age, the search for spiritual harmony in his "country estate" ode. The work widely represents the Masonic motifs of moral work on oneself and the sentimental motif of comprehending the world with heart rather than mind. The poet was one of the first to introduce material context into his poems, correlated with the realities of a particular country estate and the life of his contemporaries, which is connected with the leading tendency of the literature of the last third of the 18th century.
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Vasev, Dmitry. "Pedagogical potential of literature in overcoming disharmony of the intellectual and emotional in the structure of personality." KANT 35, no. 2 (2020): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2020-35.42.
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The spiritual development of the personality is determined by its moral potential and its position as a subject of life activity, capable of joining the best achievements of universal culture. The education of morality, overcoming the disharmony of the individual, building a certain hierarchy of values is closely connected with the introduction of young people to Russian and world literature. Classical and modern literature reflects the spiritual experience and collective mind of many generations, forms socially significant qualities of a person. The problems of loss of spirituality, the differences between good and evil, excessive pragmatism threaten both the individual person and the whole of humanity. By assimilating the knowledge necessary for the national culture, moral standards, necessary for life as a full member of society, a person begins to develop his individual abilities and natural inclinations. Spiritual, moral, cultural values are significant not only for an individual person, but also for the country, for all humanity as a whole.
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Grigorovskaya, Anastasiya V. "Specificity of the National Character in the Description of Entrepreneurs in Cameron Hawley’s and Ayn Rand’s Novels." Imagologiya i komparativistika, no. 14 (2020): 122–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/24099554/14/6.
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The novels of the American writer Cameron Hawley (Cash McCall, Executive Suit) and the American writer and philosopher from Russia Ayn Rand (Fountainhead, Atlas Shrugged) are analyzed in the article. The entrepreneur image that has a brightly expressed national specificity is the key image for the comparison. In the first part of the research, a review of the genealogy of the national image of the entrepreneur as a character is done, and the evolution of this image in Russian and American cultures is traced. The conclusion here is that the image of a businessman in American literature was positive until the middle of the 20th century, the time of the crisis of the American dream, while the image of an entrepreneur in Russian literature was always primarily negative because of the gap between two types of rationality—practical and axiological (N. Zarubina). In the second part of the research, the roots of entrepreneur images of both authors are identified. The conclusion here is that, the basis of Rand’s latest characters is the image of a Russian revolutionist à la Kerensky (Leo Kovalensky in her first novel We The Living), which is expressed in their adventurism, irreconcilable individualism, and love of freedom. The genetic basis of Hawley’s characters is the image of the American superman limited in his ambitions (U. Eco), which is different from the Russian hero who always focuses on global achievements. In the third part of the research, the author distinguishes four types of entrepreneurs as characters in the both authors’ novels: a lucky businessman who runs a business behind the scenes, an authoritarian leader, a pragmatic fantasist, a symbiosis of a talented scholar and an entrepreneur. Despite the external resemblance of the two writers’ characters, the research shows that Rand’s character does not have the dichotomy of that of Hawley: Rand formulates the ideal of a “new intellectual” (For The New Intellectual) aiming to overcome Russian culture’s being torn between the two rationality types. Rand’s character, unlike Hawley’s, is an ideologist, and he has messianic features. Hawley’s attempt to combine the thinker and the businessman in the image of MacDonald Walling was unconvincing: Walling thinks only about his personal success and the company’s interests (the topics of American literature) while John Galts’s efforts focus on the improvement of the life of the country and humankind as a whole (the topics of Russian literature). In the conclusion, the author states that, despite the external similarity of the writers’ entrepreneur characters, Ayn Rand endows the entrepreneur image with features inherent in Russian literature, and Cameron Hawley depicts characters typical for American literature.
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Jarząb-Napierała, Joanna. "“No Country for Old Men”? The Question of George Moore’s Place in the Early Twentieth-Century Literature of Ireland." Text Matters, no. 8 (October 24, 2018): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/texmat-2018-0002.
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The paper scrutinizes the literary output of George Moore with reference to the expectations of the new generation of Irish writers emerging at the beginning of the twentieth century. Although George Moore is considered to belong to the Anglo-Irish ascendancy writers, he began his writing career from dissociating himself from the literary achievements of his own social class. His infatuation with the ideals of the Gaelic League not only brought him back to Dublin, but also encouraged him to write short stories analogous to famous Ivan Turgenev’s The Sportsman’s Sketches. The idea of using a Russian writer as a role model went along with the Gaelic League advocating the reading of non-English European literature in search for inspiration. However the poet’s involvement in the public cause did not last long. His critical view on Ireland together with his uncompromising approach towards literature resulted in a final disillusionment with the movement. The paper focuses on this particular period of Moore’s life in order to show how this seemingly unfruitful cooperation became essential for the development of Irish literature in the twentieth century. The Untilled Field, though not translated into Irish, still marks the beginning of a new genre into Irish literature—a short story. More importantly, the collection served as a source of inspiration for Joyce’s Dubliners. These and other aspects of Moore’s literary life are supposed to draw attention to the complexity of the writer’s literary output and his underplayed role in the construction of the literary Irish identity.
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Balaišytė, Lina. "RUSŲ KARININKIJA KASDIENINIAME IR ŠVENTINIAME XVIII A. VILNIAUS GYVENIME: TAIKAUS SUGYVENIMO REGIMYBĖ." Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Visuomenė. Kasdienybės istorija, T. 4 (October 9, 2018): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33918/xviiiastudijos/t.4/a10.
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Life in the eighteenth century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was signified by active interference of the Russian Empire in the politics of the state. Imperial army was continuously summoned to reinforce Russian interests and to support internal feuds of the Commonwealth. Lithuanian and Polish society was forced to reconcile with the presence of foreign army in the country, whereas Russian officers sought to utilize their presence in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in enhancing useful personal relationships and for the purposes of propaganda. The article explores the relationship between the society of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Russian officers in daily life, how both sides built this coexistence, and how it was changing depending on circumstances. Analysis of sources on everyday life of Vilnius showed that daily life of its citizens was burdened by the obligation of housing and feeding the army, although in ordinarily they tried not to confront this menacing power. People wanted to earn favour of the Russian army leadership and be relieved of this duty through gifts, salutations and other signs of respect. On the other side, Russian officers depended not only on their power, they also tried to form good relationships with the high society and communities, e. g. officers visited monasteries and pass greetings during church celebrations. A pretext to assemble the nobility was a celebration dedicated to honour the rulers of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia. Russian officers also demonstrated signs of respect to the loyal high standing officials of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. They also tried to earn favour of the wider public through events of mass entertainment, e. g. the carnivals were made open to the citizens from various strata. The public could be rallied to watch show exercises of the Russian army, which was a spectacle for the curious citizens from lower social strata, and for the higher level citizens it was an opportunity to strengthen ties that could ensure their future privileges. Multiple festivities organized by the Russian officers were implemented with propaganda objectives in mind. Through such spectacular and luxury events they tried to demonstrate power and their decorations usually repeated motifs of the glorification of the Court of Catherine II. Celebrations, their decorations, occasional literature were some of the tools aimed at supporting the patronage of Russia. Existing sources on everyday life do not permit speaking about the moral side of the relationship with the Russian officers. Most likely, the start of the Four-Year Sejm, when the aim to strengthen the statehood was expressed in clearer terms, collaboration with the foreign power was not considered treason and condemned. Keywords: Vilnius, Russian army, everyday life, festivities, spectacles.
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Hongmin, Tian. "Behind the Counter: «Other Literature» by Anton Chekhov in the Context of Social History." Russkaya literatura 2 (2020): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2020-2-92-101.
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Chekhov’s work is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s social history of the late 19th — early 20th centuries, and primarily in the context of those aspects of the history of the social ranks that were associated with the new trends refl ected in Chekhov’s writing: education, family income, a person’s position in the post-reform Russian secular society. «Shop life», that occupied an important place both in the writer’s work and in his biography, is studied on the basis of Chekhov’s letters and short stories.
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Carr, Jessica. "‘A Tourist In The Country Of Men’: Sexuality, Self, And Multiple Modernities In Anya Ulinich’s Graphic Novel Lena Finkle’s Magic Barrel." Images 10, no. 1 (2017): 37–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18718000-12340075.
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Abstract This article analyzes how Anya Ulinich’s graphic novel Lena Finkle’s Magic Barrel (2014) engages in and expands upon Jewish writing practices. I argue that through her use of the graphic novel as a medium, Ulinich both draws on and subverts masculine writing practices and images of women that have dominated Jewish literature and culture. Through her cross-discursive, intertextual, multi-directional writing, Ulinich depicts her protagonist Lena as gaining a sense of self, but one that is fragmentary and constantly experienced and re-pictured through memory and in relationship to others. Ulinich also raises the question, without providing a stable answer, as to the place of Soviet Jewish memory in Jewish-American life, experience, and literature. She places Russian, Jewish, and American writing and gender norms in conversation with each other, suggesting the difficulty of reconciling these different visions for women and modernity.
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Yakimova, Svetlana I. "Vsevolod Ivanov’s Portrait Essay of the 1920s – Early 1930s in the Context of the Events of the Era." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 464 (2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/464/6.
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The aim of this article is to determine the features of the genre and the moral-philosophical perspective of Vsevolod Ivanov’s portrait essays of the 1920s – early 1930s published in Vladivostok non-Bolshevik newspapers (Russkiy krai, Russkaya armiya, Vechernyaya gazeta), in Harbin émigré periodicals (newspapers Svet, Gun-Bao, the magazine Rubezh). To achieve this aim, using a semantic-cognitive approach, the author of the article studied archival materials of periodicals of the Russian Far East and Far Eastern emigration and introduced into academic discourse new unexplored factual material contributing to filling gaps in the history of Russian literature and journalism of the 20th century. Ivanov’s portrait essays are analyzed in the context of the sociopolitical and cultural life of the Far Eastern Republic (FER) that existed in the Russian Far East and the large-scale emigration of Russians to China. The author considers the dynamics of Ivanov’s portrait essay genre development. It acquires elements of the memorial and obituary essay, the genre of the literary portrait as a reflection of the progress of the national historical-literary process in the mother country and in the diaspora caused by the spiritual-moral confrontation of the political forces of Russia, the ideological split in the national culture of Russia due to the events of October 1917. The author of the article relies on historically significant material: the memorial essay with the conceptual title “Justified Avvakum” actualizes the problem of a reasonable and balanced attitude to changes, the correlation of evolutionary and revolutionary principles in the development of society. Ivanov raises the question of personal, moral, and civil responsibility for the fate of his country in the essay “The Blood of the Tsar”, which recreates the tragic events of the execution of the family of the Russian Tsar Nicholas II by Bolsheviks. In the analysis of obituary portrait essays about the tragic losses of Russian literature of the Silver Age (“Conversant with Secret (In Memory of A. Blok)”, “In Petrograd the Bolsheviks shot the poet Nikolay Gumilev”), the author of the article concludes about the originality of the creative potential of Ivanov, who, using elements of the genre of the literary portrait, demonstrates the synthesis of scientific, literary, and journalistic writing. The portrait essays of Ivanov’s prominent contemporaries, figures of politics and culture (“Admiral Kolchak”, “Semenovshchina “, “Prof. D.V. Boldyrev”, “Vasiliy Fedorovich Ivanov”) complement the complex picture of the sociocultural context of the era with relevant axiological aspects identified in the essays. The author of the article considers Ivanov’s reference to the iconic figures of the turning epochs in the fate of Russia as a peculiarity of his journalistic position in relation to history as a criterion of truth and moral value of a person.
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Gnatovskaya, Elena, and Alexander Kim. "The Far Eastern Railway in the 1930s." Sibirica 18, no. 1 (2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/sib.2019.180102.
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This article evaluates the relationship among the railroad staff of the Far East during the most dramatic events in the political life of the country at that time—repressions. As a rule, Russian academic literature indicates that few workers perceived the Soviet state’s mechanisms of pressure negatively. This article demonstrates that the railroad staff’s position was far more diverse than traditionally argued, which is a result of the broad variety of social groups working for the railroad in the Far East. The article demonstrates this diversity of opinions by focusing on those events that affected a significant number of railroad workers.
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Posudiyevska, Olga. "Peculiarities of Russian Context in O. Wilde’s Play “Vera”." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 66 (February 2016): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.66.67.
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At the end of the XIX century the interest of British intellectual circles to the Russian Empire was intensified due to the latest events – the appearance of Nihilists on the Russian political arena. British intellectuals, especially those contradicting Victorian social and moral norms, were inspired by the new type of hero-nihilist – a romantic highly-spiritual revolutionary, struggling for freedom, which was created in their imagination mostly due to Turgenev’s works and the lawsuit of Vera Zasulich, widely discussed in European press.This study concentrates on the analysis of the first play by Oscar Wilde Vera, dedicated to the Russian topic, which seems at first sight a naïve melodrama with confusion of historical events and features of the Russian social life. The peculiarities of Wilde’s perception of Russian reality, as well as literary devices used for creating Russian background, are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the tradition of depicting a mysterious and exotic Russia in English literature since the XVI century, followed by Wilde. The writer uses a number of standard clichés presenting his “Russia” as a far-away country with eternal frost, tyrannical government, poor and savage people, fully obedient to the cruel ruler.However, as the researcher concludes, Wilde didn’t aim at making a narration about real struggle between czarist regime and the Nihilists in Russia. The future leader of the aestheticism turns to Russian environment as an “another” place – a location, being unusual for an Englishmen, where the writer expects to find high feelings and lofty ideals, spiritual aims and moral values which couldn’t exist in pragmatic Victorian society. Wilde’s “Russia” is presented as an exotic, half-fictional reality, created mostly by the author’s imagination as proper surroundings for evolution of the romantic conflict between the tyrannical Czar and the Nihilists. However, this conflict becomes a spiritual battle of cynical and pragmatic worldview with high spiritual and moral ideals, the aesthetic embodiment of the eternal struggle between the good and the evil, soul chastity and sin.
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Lisitsin-Svetlanov, Andrey G. "ON DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF CORPORATE REGULATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ABROAD." Energy law forum 3 (October 8, 2020): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2312-4350-2020-3-4-10.
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Energy law, just like some other complex law branches, serves to regulate a number of relations that are cross-disciplinary in nature. Cross-disciplinary interrelations with such law branches as anti-trust and corporate law are the most evident. Many studies on corporate law have been published up to date. However, only few of the numerous publications focus on specific issues of corporate regulation. Therefore, the monograph edited by V.V. Romanova, LL.D., Topical Issues and Tasks of Corporate Law, is undoubtedly of interest. It addresses two problems: the legal regulation of corporate governance in predominantly state-owned companies and the legal regulation of greenmail prevention. So far, these problems, while clearly of concern for both practice and research, have not been duly examined in the Russian literature. The applicability of this study stems from the fact that state companies and companies with significant state participation have taken the lead over the years of new Russian economy development. It can hardly be viewed as a typical model for a country building a market-based economy and, therefore, for the law of a market economy. As for the greenmail issue, answers to the arising questions can also be found in the legal plane of the economic life that is still new for Russia.
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Lisitsin-Svetlanov, Andrey G. "On Development Trends of Corporate Regulation in the Russian Federation and Abroad." Energy law forum 3 (October 8, 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2410-4396-2020-3-64-68.
Full textAbstract:
Energy law, just like some other complex law branches, serves to regulate a number of relations that are cross-disciplinary in nature. Cross-disciplinary interrelations with such law branches as anti-trust and corporate law are the most evident. Many studies on corporate law have been published up to date. However, only few of the numerous publications focus on specific issues of corporate regulation. Therefore, the monograph edited by V.V. Romanova, LL.D., Topical Issues and Tasks of Corporate Law, is undoubtedly of interest. It addresses two problems: the legal regulation of corporate governance in predominantly state-owned companies and the legal regulation of greenmail prevention. So far, these problems, while clearly of concern for both practice and research, have not been duly examined in the Russian literature. The applicability of this study stems from the fact that state companies and companies with significant state participation have taken the lead over the years of new Russian economy development. It can hardly be viewed as a typical model for a country building a market-based economy and, therefore, for the law of a market economy. As for the greenmail issue, answers to the arising questions can also be found in the legal plane of the economic life that is still new for Russia.
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Rashid Ilyazovich, Malikov. "Life and Activities of Garifullah Ishan Gainullin (1894–1984)." Islamovedenie 12, no. 1 (2021): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21779/2077-8155-2021-12-1-95-106.
Full textAbstract:
The article is the result of extensive research and generalization of available sources and literature that reflect the life and spiritual activities of Garifulla Ishan Gainullin – one of the most authoritative religious figures of the Middle Volga region of the Soviet period. He was the last Tatar Sheikh of the Naqshbandi tariqah, who was related to Dagestani Sheikh Bayazid Ishan Khairullin through Zainulla Ishan Rasulev. In his youth, he received a good theological educa-tion in a pre-revolutionary madrasah, passed many trials and overcame hardships of his time on his life's path. Despite the difficult situation in the country, he managed to gain additional reli-gious knowledge, spiritually improved himself and became an authoritative spiritual mentor (Ishan) in the Middle Volga region. Published for the first time are personal photos and docu-ments of Ishan, with some of them used in his biography. In Russian historiography, the person-ality of Garifulla Ishan Gainullin has not been studied in detail and many of its aspects are little known to general readers.
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Belyaeva, Lyudmila A. "RURAL LIFE IN RUSSIA: MODERN AND HISTORICAL DISCOURSE." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 2 (2019): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2019-2-259-272.
Full textAbstract:
The problems concerning the development of rural areas and their key productive force — peasants — are not central to the sociological discourse of modern Russian science. At present, there are not many scientists focusing on socio-structural processes in Russian villages, including the changes in the social status, life world, and existential self-awareness of peasants. Meanwhile, some fundamental changes have taken place there over the post-Soviet period. They have had an impact on the society in general and altered the cultural, demographic, and anthropogenic landscape of the country. According to statistical data, the rural population has increased in Russia, while the number of those employed in agriculture has substantially reduced. We see the asymmetry of urbanistic processes with the high unemployment rate in rural areas of individual regions. There has occurred redistribution of land, including reduction of farming lands and concentration of land in the hands of agricultural holdings and large farm enterprises. The number of functioning small private farms has decreased, while their owners gradually join the group of wage employees or «precarium». These processes result in increasing social desertification: medical, educational, and cultural institutions rendering services to local population are being liquidated, while the transport accessibility of villages is reducing. The scale and consequences of this phenomenon have been insufficiently studied in sociological literature, especially with regard to the development of self-government in rural areas. We consider it timely to recall the practice of zemstvo (local municipal administration in Tsarist Russia) and achievements of zemsky (territorial) statistics that studied the life of peasants in post-reform Russia. Territorial statistical investigations played an important role in the development of scientific and theoretical framework for studying villages and peasants, as well as laid the foundation for sociology of rural areas in Russia. In practical terms, these studies brought transparency into the perception of issues associated with socio-economic differentiation in villages, distribution of land, labor migration, as well as meeting the needs of peasants in healthcare, educational institutions, etc. Territorial statistical specialists mastered the expeditionary method of data collection, a prototype of modern «field» surveys used in sociology. The activities of territorial councils as self-government bodies can provide an example of successful local initiative aimed at the development of Russia’s rural areas at the present stage.
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Tsalidis, Georgios Archimidis, and Gijsbert Korevaar. "Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (2019): 5945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215945.
Full textAbstract:
Social life cycle assessment (SLCA) was developed to complement the environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic assessment. Contrary to LCA, SLCA is not yet standardized, and the consequential approach is little discussed in literature. This study aims to perform a consequential SLCA and investigate the applicability of the method in industrial decision making. The aforementioned assessment is done within the Zero Brine project, which works on zero liquid discharge technology for water, salt, and magnesium recovery from brine effluents. The developed SLCA systems are gate-to-gate, and the analysis is performed at two levels: Hotspot and site-specific. The system boundaries consist of a demineralized water (DW) production company, a chlor–alkali company, an electricity provider, a magnesium distributor in the Netherlands, and a Russian mining company. The latter exists only in the boundaries before the change due to the Zero Brine project, because recovered magnesium is expected to replace the Russian magnesium imported in the Netherlands. Within the system boundaries, the stakeholders contributing the most are the DW and the magnesium distributor companies. The former produces the brine and thus recovers the magnesium and salt. The latter is the exclusive distributor of Russian magnesium in the Netherlands. Overall, we find that the recovered magnesium results in improving social performance mainly in “Freedom of association and collective bargaining”, “Fair salary”, and “Health and Safety” due to decreasing the dependency of the Netherlands on Russia, while increasing operation in a country with much stronger environmental regulation and corporate commitment to sustainability issues. Modelling with SLCA may not result in the expected societal benefits, as the Russian community and workers may not benefit due to the large geographical boundaries of the system under study. Nevertheless, the application of the consequential approach can be considered suitable, yet complicated, for offering decision makers adequate social information. We recommend that decision makers in the DW company invest in magnesium recovery and that decision makers in the magnesium distributor company distribute the recovered magnesium.
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Domansky, Valery A. "Actualizing the Russian classics in the period of literary jubilees." Literature at School, no. 6, 2020 (2020): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/0130-3414-2020-6-48-63.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the specifics of the study of the Russian classics in the years of literary jubilees, when the role of the classics in the spiritual life of the country is significantly enhanced, new opportunities for actualizing classical works appear. The author reveals traditional and new forms of work of a language teacher with students in the classroom and in extracurricular activities during the period of literary anniversaries. The article provides an overview of the most significant cultural events and sources dedicated to the 200th anniversary of I.S. Turgenev and A.A. Fet, the 125th anniversary of S.A. Yesenin. The practical part of the article deals with the methodology of guiding the students’ research work (on the example of identifying the role of Pushkin’s quotes in the story by I.S. Turgenev “Spring Waters”). The concluding part of the article presents the content and methods of conducting the anniversary problem lesson “N.А. Nekrasov and A.A. Fet: a dialogue between two poets and two poetic directions in the Russian poetry”. In it, on the basis of specific and little-studied material, the periods of the closest proximity of the two poets are considered, Nekrasov’s assessments of Fet’s work are given and the reasons for their personal and creative divergence in the 1860s are revealed. The author concludes that literary anniversaries are a serious incentive for the actualization of the works of Russian classics, for the inclusion of students in the cultural life of the country. It is important for a literature teacher to have information on the holding of these anniversaries, to use the information in their work, to prepare for lessons and extracurricular activities, to contribute to forming a philological environment at school, to improve their literary and methodological competence.
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Kuznetsova, Natalya. "To the question of old beleivers’faith in the Russian society at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries (researcher’s view of A. S. Prugavin)." SHS Web of Conferences 72 (2019): 03052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197203052.
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The article analyzes the views of the religiosity researcher - A. S. Prugavin on the Old Believers as part of society in the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Data from the works of a religious scholar are given, unpublished materials identified by the author in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts (RSALA) in Prugavin's personal fund are analyzed. A comprehensive analysis of the researcher's materials allows us to note that Prugavin set himself broad tasks and used an integrated approach for research. He sought not only to understand the religious life of the Old Believers from within, but also to systematize the ways of studying this phenomenon in Russian society, classify the rumors in this social group, and determine the significance of the Old Believers for the country. Prugavin polemicized both with representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC), whose view of the Old Believers remained sharply negative, and with representatives of the authorities who perceived the Old Believers as an element heterogeneous and dangerous to society. The author concludes that, as a researcher of the religious issue in Russia, Prugavin, thanks to the global approach to work, was able to make as deep as possible an analysis of the Old Believer issue of interest to him. The religious scholar came to the conclusion that, despite the propaganda of the Russian Orthodox Church and the official authorities, the Old Believers should not be included in the category of ―dangerous, alien element‖ for Russian society. Despite all the dissimilarity of the Old Believers to the traditional Orthodox population of Russia and the difficulty in their relations with the state, the Old Believers were one of the most educated and thinking sections of the country's population.
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Pestrikova, Tatyana Yu, Elena A. Yurasova, and Tatyana P. Knyazeva. "Vitamin D as a factor for improving the quality of life in women after 50 years (literature review)." Gynecology 21, no. 6 (2020): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2019.6.190758.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. Public health is one of the key factors in the development of the economy and at the same time an objective indicator of quality of life. Currently, the number of women over 50 years old is progressively increasing, and their growing social inclusion will determine the desire for active and healthy longevity. In this regard, the public health policy in the country should follow the path of increasingly large-scale financing of projects of a healthy lifestyle, not concentrating expenses only on medical care.
 Aim. Analysis of literature on the feasibility of using vitamin D as a factor that improves the quality of life of women in the perimenopausal period and in menopause.
 Materials and methods. To write this review, we searched for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLIBRARY, etc.) over the past 20 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature.
 Results. The review outlines a wide range of biological properties of vitamin D involved in the regulation of many important physiological functions. The negative effect of vitamin D deficiency is presented not only on the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, but also on the increase in the severity of menopausal syndrome. It has been established that the use of colecalciferol (vitamin D3) in combination with menopausal hormone therapy contributes to the normalization of carbohydrate, lipid and calcium phosphorus metabolism, improves the neuropsychic state of patients, which makes it possible to actively use colecalciferol in routine clinical practice in menopausal syndrome.
 Conclusions. Numerous positive effects of colecalciferol (vitamin D3) allow the use of the drug as a means to increase social adaptation, and, consequently, improve the quality of life.
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Popovich, Natalia. "Образ „гордой полячки” в пьесе Леонида Зорина „Варшавская мелодия”". Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie - Oblicza i Dialog, № 7 (31 липня 2018): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/kw.2017.7.9.
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Helena is the main character of this play and she is the author’s porte parole.This character develops stereotype of „a proud Polish woman” and continues the19th century plot in Russian literature (the relationship of a strong woman and a weakman). The main character’s features are: sacrifice, ability to love and forgive, will to fight for personal matters. In Warsaw melody we can see that love and social themes are bound together — the conflict is not between person, but a man and the country. A Polish woman is a symbol of higher culture, she wants to overcome fear of what happens tomorrow, that is induced by her WWII life history, and gains life experience due to herpossibility to analyze and summarize. In the text we can find the author’s allusionsto the tragic history of Poland during WWII.
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Kantor, V. "KERENSKY AS THE PHANTOM OF THE 1917 RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONS. THROUGH THE EYES OF RUSSIAN WRITERS AND POETS." Voprosy literatury, no. 3 (October 1, 2018): 170–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2018-3-170-198.
Full textAbstract:
Vladimir Kantor is examining the tragic and life-changing situation in Russia in 1917, the year of two revolutions, when Russian literature found itself in search of a new hero who could lead the country out of the catastrophe. Starting from March 1917, many writers believed they had found such a person in Aleksandr Kerensky. Russian poets and writers in unison hailed Kerensky as the new Napoleon, who would rein in the Russian revolt just like Napoleon did with the French one. Kerensky was aware only of the positive implications of this comparison. The article reveals the politician’s true role through comparative analysis of characterizations by his contemporaries.He began to live up to the phantom and act in the way that his admirers expected from him, losing his identity in the process. He surrounded himself with prominent figures, appointing the famous Social Revolutionary, terrorist and writer Boris Savinkov as his war minister. As the army commissar for ideology he selected Fyodor Stepun, a writer and philosopher. Most prominent artists from that period were all commissioned to paint Kerensky’s portrait. According to Stepun, Kerensky’s speeches were typified by an almost Schillerean ecstasy.But it was his most liberal law system that spelled doom for Russia and himself. The French National Convention rested upon terror and the guillotine, while Kerensky issued a decree abolishing the death penalty in Russia. In war times, amid raging banditry and with a disintegrating army, this decree proved to cause more irreparable damage than some of Peter I’s most ill-advised laws, and Kerensky used to hold Peter in high esteem. He relied on the power of rhetoric, which had propelled him to prominence during the February revolt, but the times had changed. He was nicknamed ‘negotiator-in-chief’, yet his skills were no longer effective with the mob. The mob was waiting for a show of strength and an order.
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Kaliuzhnyi, Aleksandr, Nikolai Shurukhnov, and Oleg Karpushkin. "Psychological and physiological characteristics of criminals and victims of crimes of personal freedom based on Russian criminal cases." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 29 (2020): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.29.05.52.
Full textAbstract:
A person’s personality is a carrier of individual, unique signs and traits that depend on its nature and are formed during life experience, including during the commission of crimes. We studied 320 criminal cases of violations of personal freedom (kidnapping, human trafficking, the use of their slave labor, etc.), as well as an analysis of the scientific literature that made it possible to substantiate the characteristics of criminals and their victims. As a result of the study, criminals and their victims were classified into groups. The features of these groups were characterized. The study of the personal properties of criminals and victims is necessary for all crimes of personal freedom, regardless of the commission country, and allows you to properly organize an investigation, put forward standard versions, build work to find traces and means of crime, thereby exposing the criminal.
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Smirnova, Galina Evgen'evna. "Russian-speaking community of Great Britain today: stereotypical perception, new realities, and development prospects." Человек и культура, no. 4 (April 2021): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2021.4.36213.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the Russian-speaking community of Great Britain in the modern sociocultural context, which is traditionally characterized by distinct national, cultural and social disunity. The object of this research is the Russian world of Great Britain within the framework of modern Russian-British relations and sociocultural context of the country of residence. The attitude towards Russian-speaking immigrants from the former USSR republics was affected by multiple stereotypes. The current changes in foreign policy, deterioration of relations between the two countries, amendments to British legislation, Brexit, on the one hand, while economic cooperation and cultural exchange between the countries on the other hand, influence life of the community, forming a new context of being in a foreign cultural environment. The novelty of this research lies in the attempt to assess the impact of the ongoing social processes upon the image, public perception, and quantitative indicator of the Russian community in Great Britain, which is extremely relevant due to the absence of such data in the research literature. Based on the historical and analytical analysis of media materials, sociological surveys, legislative and diplomatic documents, it becomes evident that the number of Russian-speaking citizens who are ready to make Britain their place of residence has significantly reduced compared to the end of the previous century, and there are no prospects that this number would increase. The lifestyle these people is also undergoing changes due to the introduction of new laws in Great Britain. In the conditions of the overall deterioration of political situation, the contacts in economic and cultural spheres remain unchanged, creating a positive image of Russia in the eyes of the British people, as well as the presence of initiatives to improve cooperation between the two countries.
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Karagodin, Andrey Vasil'evich, and Mariya Mikhailovna Petrova. "Novyi Mishor – first country-style resort on the South Coast of Crimea (1898-1920): reconstruction of sociocultural history." Человек и культура, no. 4 (April 2020): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2020.4.32969.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the history of the first of country-style resort appeared on the South Coast of Crimea at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries on the lands of country estates of New Mishor belonged to Shuvalov-Dolgorukov family. The phenomenon of country-style construction on the South Coast of Crimes, which starting point was the foundation of the Novyi Mishor, is viewed in the context of the processes of economic and sociocultural modernization of Russian society, formation of self-identification mechanisms of the emerging “middle class”, and new urban culture. Special attention is given to the period from 1917 to 1920, when the cultural figures left the capital and resided in the villages of Novyi Mishor. Based on examination the body of historical sources, many of which introduced to the scientific discourse for the first time, the author formed the database of villages and countryside residents of Novyi Mishor. A vast array of archival funds, reference literature, sources of personal provenance (memoirs, correspondence), and visual sources was attracted in the course of research. The novelty of consists in establishment of identities and social status of the residents of country resort of Novyi Mishor, determination of a range of sources for its further research, reconstruction of chronology of the development of this resort, details of everyday life and mentality traits of the residents, among which were the prominent figures of culture and art of Russia of that time – writers, actors, painters, scholars, and philanthropists.
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Skrynnikova, Inna, and Tatyana Astafurova. "Constructing Modern Russian Identity Through Discourse Metaphors." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 3 (August 2020): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2020.3.10.
Full textAbstract:
The current paper presents a comprehensive literature review of research into the phenomenon of Russian national identity and emphasizes the crucial role of discourse metaphor in narratives of national culture and identity. The latter, as a complex mental construct, encompasses common or similar beliefs or opinions internalized in the course of socialization as well as emotional attitudes, behavioural and linguistic dispositions. The paper claims that Russian patriotism-based national identity construction is directly related to the historical background, current political ideology, as well as objectives and tasks the state sets. Patriotic sentiments in Russia tend to boost due to some life-changing dramatic events or challenges the country has to face; this gives rise to employing a multitude of discursive practices, which rely heavily on discourse metaphors. The relevant point the paper proposes lies in the fact that discourse metaphors, being conceptually grounded, serve as a pervasive cognitive mechanism applied to explain a complex abstract concept of national identity. However, its meaning is still being shaped in relation to a particular period of time and the context where a debate is unfolding. Unlike conceptual metaphors that are considered to be universal, independent of time, discourse metaphors change or evolve within the ongoing discourse and are intended for specific purposes. The current paper seeks to demonstrate how particular metaphors can serve as discursive mechanisms of constructing the national identity to achieve both culturally and historically specific strategic purposes. The authors claim that a combination of co-occurring metaphors in the public discourse forms a holistic extended metaphorical narrative promoting a particular view of Russianness and focus on some of them.
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Surovtseva, Ekaterina V. "Letters to the Power in the Epistolary Heritage of F.M. Dostoevsky." Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 2021, no. 2 (2021): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2021-2-147-155.
Full textAbstract:
One of the urgent issues of modern Russian studies is the study of letters to the power of Russian writers. It is legitimate to single out these addresses in a special genre, which, in contrast to the genre of friendly writing, has practically not been studied. Fedor Dostoevsky wrote letters to Alexander I, V. A. Dolgorukov, A. E. Timashev, A. A. Suvorov, heir to the throne A. A. Romanov, and Grand Duke K. K. Romanov. Of particular note is the voluminous correspondence between Dostoevsky and K.P. Pobedonostsev – correspondence between a writer and an official of such a high rank is very rare (it should be noted that the addresser and the addressee were connected not only by business, but also by personal relations). The subjects of Dostoevsky’s letters to the authorities are very diverse – requests to move to the capital, creativity, literary and social life in Russia and Europe, the publication of “Citizen” and others. On the basis of F.M. Dostoevsky’s letters to the Emperor, the Tsareviches and their confidants of various ranks, one can trace the relationship with the authorities and clarify a number of already obtained facts and assessments. The messages of Russian writers to power are a special kind of epistolary genre that has both aesthetic value and is a historical document – evidence of the relationship between power and literature in our country. Obviously, the authorities were interested in cooperation with writers, and specific rulers showed interest in the work and in the personality of Dostoevsky.
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Sokolova, Rimma I. "The Uncertainty of the World and the Problem of Russian Civilization." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 64, no. 2 (2021): 128–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2021-64-2-128-148.
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The article is devoted to civilizational issues, which are largely determined by the environment or background, i.e. the socio-political situation in the country and the world as a whole, which has an indirect impact on it. The author considers a new situation, which is characterized by instability in all spheres of planetary life, which is reflected in the position of a person. This situation is characterized in the literature as the end of certainty or “uncertainty,” which is reflected today in the terminology attributed to the word “new” or the prefix “post.” It has been established that, despite its relevance, this concept has a long history in philosophy, from antiquity to modern times. The author of the article states the contribution of the modern Russian civilizational theory to the state of uncertainty in Russia, due to both the terminological ambiguity and uncertainty of the key concepts of this theory, and the ideological and worldview disagreement of its representatives. Three versions of the existence of civilization in the Russian state are presented, which remain in the humanitarian discourse of new Russia for thirty years. Particular attention is paid to the third version as the most stable, according to which Russia has been and remains a part of the West, the reasons for its popularity have been identified. The concept of the Other, which has recently become very relevant after it was discovered that the movement towards the West without taking into account the historical peculiarities of Russia, was unsuccessful, and the West itself directed all its efforts to contain Russia, was taken as the basic methodological basis for the study of this version. It is concluded that a more attentive attitude to the background will help bring the positions of different authors closer and minimize the uncertainty, which takes on more and more alarming features. This can contribute to the development of worldview coordinates and values that determine vital priorities and development prospects, give an image of the future embodied in a civilizational development project that satisfies the entire society.
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Drozdova, Olga E. "Increasing motivation to learn Russian of children of compatriots abroad." Russian Language Studies 18, no. 2 (2020): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2020-18-2-195-208.
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Various aspects of teaching children of compatriots abroad are considered. These aspects can increase motivation to learn the Russian language and maintain their interest in the future. The relevance of the article is connected both with the needs of Russian-speaking compatriots and with a social request from the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to identify and summarize relevant and effective practices for teaching children the Russian language in the near and far abroad. The authors used the following research methods: analysis of scientific literature, observation and generalization of pedagogical experience. The theoretical significance of the study consists in analyzing facts from scientific sources and formulating some conceptual conclusions: for teachers and educators working abroad, it is necessary to form their students value-based attitude to the Russian language and a desire not only to communicate, but also to learn the world in the Russian language (simultaneously with learning the world in the language of the country of residence). The author also briefly presents the conceptual provisions of the developed new direction in the methodology - meta-subject teaching of the Russian language, gives recommendations on implementing this kind of training while teaching children of compatriots abroad. The analysis of specific types and forms of training aimed at increasing motivation for teaching the Russian language (including specific examples of working with teachers from Italy, Switzerland and Malta, kindergarten teachers from Oregon, USA) is of practical importance. The study proves the expediency of using the authors recommendations to increase motivation for learning the Russian language: mastering the language in the process of learning different subjects and design and research linguistic activities in different areas of life.
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Resnyansky, Sergey I., and Irina S. Amiantova. "Gender in Russian history: review of the latest researches." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 2 (2019): 278–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-2-278-301.
Full textAbstract:
The article reviews the works of gender studies published over the past 30 years, with the aim to show and generalize what is proposed in historiography and special literature about the relationship between historical sciences and gender studies. Firstly, the paper offers an updated concept of gender in relation to the different periods of the country’s history - tsarist, Soviet and post-Soviet. Secondly, the paper discusses the formation and gradual development of gender studies and gender discourse. The study reveals an uneven growth in the number of descriptive and empirical gender studies, which can be explained in correlation with socio-economic and political changes throughout Russia’s historical path. The correlation between the dynamic evolution of gender and the peculiarities of the historical path of the country has not been sufficiently studied; its analysis offers historians the opportunity to describe and explain the unique models of male/female (gender) relations and their evolution. So far gender studies have little to offer that would help identify, describe and explain the national specificity of gender, correlated with the specifics of national history in chronological and spatial-territorial terms. Future historians should also focus on developing methodological tools and a language that can foster interaction between historical, post-structuralist and feminist approaches. This will require a drastic transition in historical research to previously ignored topics and to more innovative, in-depth and qualitative research methods, such as the history of the life of ethnic groups and peoples of Russia at different stages of development of state and society next to case studies of gender and discourse analysis.
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Kabytov, Petr, and Ekaterina Barinova. "Petr A. Stolypin and the Russian Nobility." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 3 (July 2019): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.3.7.
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Introduction. The article examines the attitude of the Russian nobility to the reformatory activity of Chairman of the Council of the Ministers of the Russian Empire P.A. Stolypin. The authors focus on the analysis of the attitude of the conservative wing of the noble elite represented in the State Duma, the State Council, the Council of the United Nobility, the Council for Local Economy under the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the government policy. Methods. In the historiography of the problem three periods are highlighted. It was found that up to 90s of the 20th century negative evaluation of the personality and activity of P.A. Stolypin remained in the scientific literature. Only in the modern period of the Russian historiography development many mythologems were criticized and there appeared scientific works that overcame many stereotypes and dogmatic representations about the last Russian reformer’s life and activity on the basis of the complex of documentary sources. Analysis. The regional nobility sharply criticized the new government agricultural policy, despite the fact that a large part of landowners and nobles reacted positively to implementing Stolypin’s agrarian reform. Stolypin’s program of updating Russia was ambiguously perceived by the elite of the Russian nobility. Such bills as “On the Extension of the Regulation on Zemsky Institutions to Vitebsk, Volyn, Kiev, Minsk, Mogilev and Podolsk Provinces”, “On Amending and Supplementing the Existing Laws on Uezd Establishments in the Provinces”, “On Establishing the Main Principles for Organizing Provincial Institutions” were met with hostility and regarded as an encroachment on traditional privileges of the noble class. Other bills of Stolypin did not find much support among the nobility as well. His fall began immediately after the appeasement of the country. Results. His legislative activity, the desire to accelerate the process of Russia’s renewal irritated not only the conservative wing of the noble elite, but also Emperor Nicholas II. The tragedy of the last imperial reformer P.A. Stolpin was that he had no social support either among the ruling elite and the nobility, or in society, that eventually led to his isolation and tragic death.
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Фёдорова, Анна, and Anna Fedorova. "Nikolay Tyutchev and Cirill Pigarev as founders of the State Tyutchev Memorial Estate «Mouranovo»." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 9, no. 2 (2015): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11401.
Full textAbstract:
The State Tyutchev memorial estate «Mouranovo» is connected with the names of the two famous poets Eugeny Bo-ratynsky (1800-44) and Feodor Tyutchev (1803-73). The founder of the fist museum exposition was a grandson of the poet Tyutchev - Nickolay Tyutchev (1876-1949). The exposition created by him includes different pieces: family portraits, rare books and pieces of art, samples of rare Russian and European porcelain, autographs. Then after his death the head of the museum became his nephew, great grandson of the poet Feodor Tyutchev - drill Pigarev (1911-84), PhD. He was a philologist, literary critic and researcher, one of the best specialists in Tyutchev studies. The article is dedicated to N. Tyutchev and С Pigarev, their life and activity as directors of the Memorial estate and it highlights a lot of extracts from visitors´ memoirs on meetings and work together with these two successors of the country estate. Nikolay Tyutchev was a famous expert in art among collectors of porcelain and rare pieces of art. He granted his own great collections to the museum, drill Pigarev and his donation to the museum and museum research issues were appreciated by scholars, literary critics and connoisseurs of Russian literature. The issues published at his time then became a great basement for further Tyutchev and Boratynsky studies as well as Russian poetry of the golden age.
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Borisova, Svetlana G. "Formation of entrepreneurial corporate culture in the russian universities." World of Economics and Management 20, no. 1 (2020): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2542-0429-2020-20-1-86-98.
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Dynamic changes in the economic and social life of our country necessitate corresponding changes in the approaches to managing a modern University. One of these changes should be a new look at its corporate culture. The essence of the author's approach is to consider corporate culture as a key marketing asset of the University that impact on the strategic vision for the organization and operational management of all activities and units of the University. At the same time, the culture should be entrepreneurial in nature, which determines the University's ability to innovatively solve the tasks it faces and more successfully achieve the organization's strategic goals. However, still there is no scientific consensus reached in the literature about its features and the role in the success of the university. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the relevance of the formation of entrepreneurial corporate culture in the Russian universities. At the same time, it is proposed to consider entrepreneurial corporate culture as a key marketing asset of the organization, which is sure to reduce the negative effect of external environment and more successfully achieve the strategic goals of the university. The article presents the algorithm, mechanisms, and the main tools for the formation of entrepreneurial culture, given the specifics of this asset for an educational organization and the existing external environment. Theoretical significance of the proposed approach is a balanced approach to the university management, optimally combining conventional and unconventional for the educational environment methods to manage an educational organization. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed methodology for the formation of entrepreneurial culture to improve the efficiency of the university management.
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Pushkin, S. Y., A. S. Navasardian, A. A. Selutin, K. K. Gubarev, V. E. Aleksandrova, and B. I. Yaremin. "Principles of implementation of organ preservation activities in a donor hospital." Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH), no. 6 (March 31, 2021): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2020.6.15.
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The implementation of organ transplantation programs in our country is far from perfect. Many regions do not have transplantation centers, in many regions the work on organ donation is not carried out. Intensification of this vital work is of key importance – the need for organ transplantation remains unfulfilled in many regions of the Russian Federation by 70–90 %. The activity on organ donation must be realized with strict administrative control and administrative stimulation. It does not represent the sphere of interests of particular transplantologists. It is a strategically important task, the implementation of which should be carried out at the state level. The key importance in the implementation of organ transplantation program is the hospital where the potential donor is located, identified and accompanied. In the literature and daily practice the outdated term “donor base” is often used, the use of which we consider unacceptable. The donor hospital is a spring, a source of life, the work in which has a key, starting character.
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Gorelik, Boris M. "Valery Bryusov’s “Unnamed” Muse. A South African Epilogue." Literary Fact, no. 17 (2020): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2020-17-281-291.
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In the past ten years, biographers of Valery Bryusov pointed out that it was necessary to continue research into the life of M.V. Wulffahrt, to whom Bryusov dedicated the fourteenth sonnet of his Fatal Set. Her image permeated Bryusov’s love poems in 1914–1915, the period when he was particularly close with her. The histo- ry of their relationship was thoroughly researched by analysing their correspondence preserved in the Russian State Library. However, until now, scholars were unable to extend her biography past the end of her love affair with Bryusov. The task has been accomplished by using sources from other archives in Russia and South Africa, which are being introduced into scholarly discourse for the first time, as well as genealogi- cal databases and interviews with Wulffahrt’s family members. It has been established that Wulffahrt immigrated to South Africa in the 1920s but did not give up the hope of returning to her native country and meeting Bryusov’s widow. The article explains the reason for the ‘anxious obsessiveness’ of Wulffahrt’s attitude towards Bryusov, which has been repeatedly noted by scholars, and sets the emotional background of the rela- tionship between the poet and his last muse. The most important events in Wulffahrt’s life are identified and described, and several aspects of her relationship with Bryusov as well as her presence in his work that were mentioned in the literature on this sub- ject are clarified.
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Wang, Xianwen, Yunxue Cui, Shenmeng Xu, and Zhigang Hu. "The state and evolution of Gold open access: a country and discipline level analysis." Aslib Journal of Information Management 70, no. 5 (2018): 573–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-02-2018-0023.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the evolution of Gold open access (OA) rates in different countries and disciplines, as well as explore the influencing factors. Design/methodology/approach In this study, employing the OA filter option of Web of Science (WoS), the authors perform a large-scale evaluation of the OA state of countries and disciplines from 1990 to 2016. Particularly, the authors consider not only the absolute number of Gold OA literature but also the ratio of them among all literature. Findings Currently, one-quarter of the WoS articles is Gold OA articles. Brazil is the most active country in OA publishing, while Russia, India and China have the lowest OA ratios. The OA percentage of Brazil has been decreasing dramatically in recent years, while the OA percentages of China, UK and the Netherlands have been increasing. There also exist huge differences of OA percentages across different subject categories. The percentages of OA articles in biology, life, and health-related areas are high, while those in physics and chemistry-related subject categories are very low. Originality/value With the availability of large-scale data from WoS, this study conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the Gold OA state of major countries for the first time. The variation of OA percentages is considered in light of the research profiles. OA policies in different countries and funding organizations also have an influence on the OA development.
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Lazebnyk, Stanislav. "Ukrainian Canada (The Present of the Ukrainian Community and Its Harmonious Life with Ukraine)." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXI (2020): 625–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-30.
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The article narrates about the Ukrainian community in Canada, one of the most organised diasporas in the world, which from the times of its founders to the current generation has preserved its national identity, cultural traditions, and is duly represented in power structures of the country of the red maple leaf. Throughout its 129-year history, the Ukrainian community has consistently defended, to the best of its abilities, the national interests of Ukraine at different times. The author glorifies the cohort of prominent Canadian Ukrainians, who have soared to greater heights in their environment, reached the pinnacle of power on the state level, and hold prestigious posts in the legislative and executive branches at the federal and provincial levels. In Canada, there has developed an extensive scientific and educational base of Ukrainian studies, a Ukrainian-language degree system of education, including pre-school and extracurricular institutions, bilingual schools, and university courses in Ukrainian studies. The language, literature, history, geography, and folklore of Ukraine are taught in ten universities around the country. Canadian Ukrainians have a substantial cultural heritage of their own. The author stresses that support to Ukraine in different realms of life is provided by personal resources of Canadian Ukrainians and in cooperation with the Government, local non-governmental organisations and commercial corporations, the Canada-Ukraine Foundation. There is an atmosphere of sympathy in the Ukrainian environment and throughout Canada to the Ukrainian people combined with the willingness to help them. Following the Russian aggression against our state, Canadian Ukrainians intensified assistance to the land of their ancestors. Sacrifice, patronage, and participation in the volunteer movement have become a way of life for many in the community. All of these noble features are especially evident in the most challenging periods of the history of Ukraine. Keywords: Canada, Ukrainian community, national interests, Canadian Ukrainians
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Kudryashov, Igor' Vasil'evich. "To the question of prophetic nature of Nikolai Klyuev’s poetry." Litera, no. 9 (September 2020): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.9.33681.
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The subject of this research is the prophetic nature Nikolai Klyuev’s poetry. Publicistic and partially scientific literature holds a view, according to which the origins of poetic gift of prophecy of Nikolai Klyuev take roots in his extraordinary personality with certain occult knowledge that enables him to foresee the future national catastrophes. The myth on N. Klyuev, formed within public consciousness, is based on the lack of study of the peculiarities of ethical-philosophical views of the poet, who creatively embraced the rich traditions of national mythology, folklore and Ancient Rus’ culture. Leaning on the systemic analysis of artistic heritage of N. Klyuev, the author provides a new interpretation of the prophetic verses of the poet as the worldview specificities of the poet of 1920s – 1930s. The conclusion is made that numerous apocalyptic motifs and images in the poetry of N. A. Klyuev, which at the present time are perceived as prophetic, were generated by his ideology of incompatibility of civilization and culture, in their confrontation that started back in XVII century, at the time of schism of the Russian Orthodox Church, and aggravated in 1920’s – 1930’s. The poet understood civilization as repressive phenomenon that came to Rus’ from the West. Infiltration of an alien to Russia Western civilization that disrupts the identity of national culture, inevitably leads the country to a catastrophe. According to Klyuev, the tragedy of the XX century is  a destruction of the traditional national principles, followed by the imminent demise of the entire Russian world, and later of all mankind. Vast knowledge on the foundations and patterns of national life allowed the poet to look through decades into the future of Russia.
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Aroshidze, Marine, and Nino Aroshidze. "The Role of the Language Priorities in Development of Society." Balkanistic Forum 30, no. 1 (2021): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i1.6.
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The need to comprehend contemporary global problems the mankind is facing poses demands to modern science to expand the range of functions and strengthen interac-tion between areas of society. The modern anthropocentric scientific paradigm makes a focus on the interdisciplinary research of the civilizational processes of social de-velopment, which created the need for a comprehensive study of sociocultural and linguistic processes in their functional interaction during the historical development of society.The process of human socialization is, first of all, the mastery of the symbolic cultural code and cultural memory of society, which in modern society is losing its usual monoculturism and is increasingly acquiring a bi- and multicultural character, which poses a pressing multifaceted problem for society - linguistic policy, linguistic consciousness, persona lingua. The language policy of any particular country or region is dictated by the prevailing socio-political situation in the country and contributes to shaping the fate of this country for it regulates the status of the state language, the language of the press, education, and science.In each society, certain language priorities are formed, as well as language prohibitions that regulate the life of society, and the formation of the worldview of the participants in society depends on the languages being assimilated. Not surprisingly, the problems of language (with the light hand of the philosopher Ludwig Wittgen-stein) have long exceeded philological problems of philological problems. The language policy of small countries largely depends on foreign policy fac-tors; it is interesting to follow the example of Georgia to trace the change in language priorities in different historical eras (from Arabic, Persian, Greek, Latin, Turkish to Russian, and now to English). The Second World War became an important milestone for Soviet Georgia in language policy: the spiritual unity of all the peoples of the USSR was so intense that the formation of a single supra-ethnic community “Soviet nation” was successfully supported by language policy: having Russian as the second native language. The education system and the press were fully focused on the Russian language. The schools taught foreign languages (French, German, English) by choice, but the minimization of hours, the grammatical approach and the lack of language practice allowed only units to learn European languages at the level of free communi-cation.The 1990s became a period of forced breaking of habitual linguistic priorities for Georgia, free of imperial influence. English has become compulsory subject matter at all stages of the Georgian educational system, Russian is studied only by choice as a second foreign language with a minimum number of hours. The previously banned Turkish language is strengthening its position, especially in Adjara, neighboring Turkey.
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Gordeev, Nikolay. "Agony and the Collapse of Semenov." Journal of Economic History and History of Economics 20, no. 2 (2019): 242–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-2488.2019.20(2).242-258.
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The journal Russian-Chinese Studies (iss. 3–4(3), 2018) published an extensive article by V.I. Mertsalov Political “Face” of Chieftain Semenov (the History of the Civil War in the Far East). The author having analyzed a wide range of literature traced the evolution of political views of the chieftain and made a number of fundamental conclusions. According to the author, with all the diversity of views and actions of Semenov, they were consistently anti-Soviet and anti-communistic which is clearly reflected in the thesis formulated by the ataman: “…Where there is bolshevism, there is no Russia”. We can’t but agree with this author's argument. And yet, with all the variety of scientific publications on this issue, it is useful to continue the historical research, fully revealing all the criminal activities of the chieftain. Especially in recent years when among the representatives of the TRANS-Baikal “white” Cossacks and some local historians propaganda has intensified to reconsider the verdict of the USSR Military Board of the Supreme Court to chieftain Semenov and his subsequent rehabilitation. The reason for this is the “newly discovered circumstances” — declassified documents that allegedly indicate that “the charges against the chieftain are absurd, and the investigation and trial against him were conducted in violation of the law”. Therefore, “reviewing the Semenov case would play a positive role in reconciling Russian society”. Proponents of rehabilitation deliberately hide that during his life the chieftain got the infamous nickname “bloody” for what he did to the country. What kind of “reconciliation” — whom and with whom — can we talk about? In this regard, the author of this article offers his own vision of the chieftain case referring to his previous published research in scientific journals and the media.